Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas（Word教参）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语必修第三册（外研版2019）

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas [对应学生用书P2] Ⅰ.重点词汇 1．agony n．痛楚，苦难 2．lip n．(嘴)唇 3．sink v．使(船)沉没 4．strategy n．计谋，策略；行动计划 5．steam n．蒸汽，水蒸气 6．fault n．责任，过错 7．resolve v．解决(问题、困难) 8．signal n．信号；暗号 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1．loose adj.说话随便(轻率)的→loosely adv.松散地；不精确地 2．breath n．一口气→breathe v．呼吸→breathless adj.喘不过气来的 3．concern n．忧虑，担心 v．与……有关→concerned adj.有关的；担忧的；关心的→concerning prep.关于 名词加后缀-al构成形容词，后缀-al表示“与……有关的；……类型的”。 accident n．→accidental adj.偶然的；意外的 person n．→personal adj.个人的 environment n．→environmental adj.有关环境的 Ⅲ.短语互译 1．帮一把help out 2．使失望，辜负let down 3．发泄怒火，宣泄情绪 let off steam 4．吸一口气take a breath 5．做好分内事，尽责pull one's weight 6．对……痴迷be crazy about 7．concentrate on集中注意力于 8．calm down(使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来 9．communicate with和……交流 10．work out解决；锻炼 11．have a chat with和……闲谈 12．apologise to sb.向某人道歉 13．loose lips sink ships祸从口出 Ⅳ.重点句式 1．句型：形容词(短语)作状语 教材原句：Disappointed by his behaviour，I said all this to my best friend. 翻译：我对他的行为感到失望，把这一切都告诉了我最好的朋友。 2．句型：完全倒装 教材原句：Here's what you need to do. 翻译：下面是你需要做的。 3．句型：“特殊疑问词＋ever”引导从句 教材原句：Filled with anger，you tend to say whatever comes to your mind. 翻译：满腔怒火时，你往往想到什么就说什么。 [对应学生用书P2] Ⅰ.原文释译 Absolute agony! Our Agony Aunt① answers your questions. Dear Agony Aunt， I'm in a total mess② here—hope you can help me out③！ I'm 17, and a member of our school basketball team. I'm crazy about④ basketball, and pretty⑤ good at it too，❶which is probably why I was so mad when we lost our last match．We played well, but I felt the team were let down⑥ by one member, our point guard⑦.The point guard is a key player, but it was like he wasn't even on the court！❷ Disappointed by his behaviour，I said all this to my best friend.❸I was just letting off steam⑧ really, because I was so angry，but then my friend went and told everyone else what I'd said. ❶which 引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明前面的句子；该从句中why引导表语从句，when引导时间状语从句。 ❷形容词短语作原因状语。 ❸but连接并列复合句。第一个分句中because引导原因状语从句；第二个分句中what引导宾语从句，作told的宾语。 This is so totally⑨ awkwardB10.I'm really angry with⑪ my friend—what should I say to him? And should I say anything at all to my teammate? ❹Embarrassed⑫ and ashamed⑬， I can't concentrate on⑭ anything.Please help! Ben ❹embarrassed和ashamed是两个形容词化的过去分词，在句子中作状语，描述主语的状态。 Dear Ben， There is an old American saying⑮， “Loose lips sink ships⑯.”❺This means that if you speak too much about something，especially to people who you don't know so well, it'll cause all kinds of trouble. ❺that引导宾语从句。从句中if引导条件状语从句，it'll cause all kinds of trouble 是主句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词people。 The situation here is so much worse because the “loose lips” were your best friend's.❻Treated this way，you're sure to feel⑰ hurt⑱—we should always be able to trust those closest to⑲ us, and it hurts even more when we find we can't. ❻过去分词短语作原因状语。 But I have to say that it's partly⑳ your fault, isn't it? You admit that you were “letting off steam”. It is understandable in that situation, but we should always think before we speak. ❼Here's what you need to do.First, apologise to your teammate. If you ever want to win any more basketball games (and I'm sure you do！), you need to work together, and that means communicating with each other clearly and resolvingconflicts.So have a chat with your teammate. Tell him directly and honestly that you were talking without thinking. ❼what引导主语从句，what在从句中作do的宾语。此句是一个完全倒装句，句型结构：here＋谓语＋主语。 Then, talk to your friend. Friendship should be ❽one of the greatest things in the world，but sometimes it can be difficult. Again, your strategy is clear communication.❾Tell your friend you're angry with him for repeating what you said and making the situation worse, but that you want to move on.Approached in this way，your friendship will soon be repaired. ❽“one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数”结构，意为“最……的……之一”。 ❾“you're angry with him ...move on”为宾语从句，作tell的直接宾语，省略了that。but连接并列的that引导的宾语从句，第二个that不能省略。 过去分词短语作条件状语。 Thirdly, and perhaps most importantly, think about your own behaviour. Don't say too much when you're angry！Filled withanger，you tend to say whatever comes to your mind.This gives people the wrong signal.Take a deep breath, calm down, and always remember: think first, speak later.If you feel one of your teammates isn't pulling their weight，then raise your concerns in a professional way with your team coach. 过去分词短语Filled with anger作时间状语；whatever引导宾语从句，whatever在从句中作主语。 If you think about other people's feelings as well as your own, you'll soon find everything works out. Good luck! Agony Aunt ◆难词注解 ①agony aunt知心阿姨 ※agony n．痛楚，苦难 ②in a mess 一团糟，混乱 ③help out帮一把 ④be crazy about对……痴迷 ⑤pretty adv.很，非常 ⑥let down使失望，辜负 ⑦point guard (球队进攻的)控球后卫，组织后卫 ⑧let off steam发泄怒火，宣泄情绪 ※steam n．蒸汽，水蒸气 ⑨totally adv.完全地，彻底地 awkward adj.令人尴尬的，使人难堪的 ⑪be angry with sb.生某人的气 ⑫embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的 ※embarrassment n．尴尬，难为情 ⑬ashamed adj.羞耻的，惭愧的 ※be ashamed of为……感到羞耻/惭愧 ⑭concentrate on集中注意力于 ⑮saying n．格言，谚语，警句 ⑯loose lips sink ships 祸从口出 ※loose adj.说话随便(轻率)的 lip n．(嘴)唇 sink v．使(船)沉没 ⑰be sure to do sth.一定会做某事 ⑱hurt adj.(感情上)受伤害的，痛苦的v.伤害(感情)，(使)伤心 ⑲close to跟……亲密；靠近 ⑳partly adv.在某种程度上；部分地 fault n．责任，过错 understandable adj.可以理解的，合情理的 apologise to sb.向某人道歉 mean doing sth.意味着做某事 ※mean to do sth.打算做某事 communicate with sb.与某人交流 resolve v．解决(问题、困难) conflict n. & v．冲突 have a chat with sb.与某人聊天 ※chat n．& v. 聊天，闲谈 strategy n．计谋，策略；行动计划 move on继续前行 approach v．处理，对付 in this way用这种方法 repair v．弥补，补救 most importantly最重要的是 ※more importantly更重要的是 (be) filled with充满…… tend to do sth.倾向于做某事 signal n．信号；暗号 take a breath吸一口气 ※breath n．一口气 calm down(使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来 pull one's weight 做好分内事，尽责 concern n．忧虑，担心 ※raise one's concerns提出某人的忧虑 as well as也，和……一样 work out解决；锻炼 备课札记 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅱ.文本理解 ►主旨大意 The first letter tells us that Ben was in an awkward situation, and in the second letter, Agony Aunt gave him suggestions as to how to deal with his problems. ►文章架构 ►细节探究 1．Which of the following statements is fit for this passage？(　　) A．Ben is now in trouble. B．Ben doesn't work well with his teammate. C．Agony Aunt talks to Ben face to face. D．Agony Aunt supports Ben's action. 2．Why does Ben feel disappointed by his teammate？(　　) A．Because Ben doesn't know his teammate. B．Because his teammate performed badly on the court. C．Because Ben doesn't like to work with him. D．Because his teammate has much experience of basketball. 3．How does Agony Aunt do when she has learned Ben's situation？(　　) A．She wishes to look into the situation further. B．She consults Ben about how to deal with it. C．She objectively analyzes the situation. D．She hopes to help Ben with something. 4．What does the second letter mainly tell us？(　　) A．How to deal with conflicts between teammates. B．Agony Aunt explains the causes of problems. C.“Loose lips sink ships” means causing all kinds of trouble. D.Agony Aunt helps Ben to resolve some problems. 答案：1～4　ABCD ►课文语法填空 Ben, 17, is a member of their school basketball team.He is crazy 1.about basketball and pretty good at it but they 2.lost(lose) their last match. In Ben's opinion, their point guard was 3.to blame(blame). 4.Disappointed(disappoint) by his behaviour, Ben told this to his best friend. However, his best friend told everyone else 5.what he'd said. Ben didn't know what to do, so he asked Agony Aunt for help. As far as Agony Aunt is concerned, it is 6.mainly(main) his friend's loose lips that make the situation 7.worse(bad). But it's partly Ben's fault. She suggests that Ben should apologise to his teammate. Secondly, Ben should tell his friend that he is 8.angry(anger) with him for repeating what he said and making the situation worse, 9.but that he wants to move on. Thirdly, Ben should think about his own behaviour and always remember: think first, speak later. If he feels one of his 10.teammates(teammate) isn't pulling their weight, he can raise his concerns in a professional way with his team coach. Ⅲ.教材熟词生义/一词多义 1．court ①The point guard is a key player, but it was like he wasn't even on the court！球场 ②Her lawyer made a statement outside the court.法庭 2．mean ①This means that if you speak too much about something，especially to people who you don't know so well, it'll cause all kinds of trouble.意思是 ②I didn't mean to hurt you.意欲，打算 ③Missing the bus means waiting for another one hour.意味着 3．work out ①If you think about other people's feelings as well as your own, you'll soon find everything works out.解决 ②I usually work out at the gym three times a week.锻炼 ③I hope everything will work out for you in the end.进展顺利 Ⅳ.教材续写积累 1．情绪描写——生气 ①I was just letting off steam really, because I was so angry，but then my friend went and told everyone else what I'd said. ②Tell your friend you're angry with him for repeating what you said and making the situation worse，but that you want to move on. ③Filled with anger，you tend to say whatever comes to your mind. [仿写]完成句子 ①汤姆气得大叫：“快离开这儿！有大风暴。我们不应该靠近窗户。” Filled with anger, Tom shouted, “Get out of here quickly! There is a big storm. We shouldn't be close to the windows.” ②亚当的妈妈很生他的气。她赶紧拿过玩具车，把它还给了售货员。 Adam's mother was very angry with him. She quickly took the toy car and gave it back to the salesman. 2．人物描写——个人喜好 I'm crazy about basketball，and pretty good at it too ... [仿写]完成句子 ①很小的时候，她就痴迷于唱歌。 At an early age, she was crazy about singing． ②卡利很擅长传球，但即使在训练中，她也不能把球踢过守门员。 Cali was pretty good at passing the ball, but even during practices, she couldn't kick the ball past the goalkeeper. [对应学生用书P6] 1 help out帮一把；帮助……渡过难关 ...hope you can help me out! ……希望你能帮我一把！ [要点突破] ①help (sb.) (to) do sth. 帮助(某人)做某事 help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 help sb. in doing sth.在做某事方面帮助某人 ②can't help doing sth. 禁不住做某事 can't help but do sth. 不得不做某事 ③help oneself (to sth.)自取；自用 [写作佳句] Meanwhile you can communicate more with your teachers and friends who may have such experience to help you out. 同时，你可以多和你的老师和朋友交流，他们可能有这样的经验来帮助你。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①As for the coming exchange between the two schools，I can't help expressing(express) our heartfelt expectations. ②He couldn't help but stay(stay) at home because it was raining. ③I hope you can help me with my language and introduce your English friends to me. ④梅雷迪斯一家也很乐意帮助这家人渡过难关。 And the Meredith family also felt very happy to help this family out． 2 be crazy about 对……热衷；对……痴迷 I'm crazy about basketball, and pretty good at it too，which is probably why I was so mad when we lost our last match. 我对篮球很着迷，也很擅长，这可能就是我们输掉上一场比赛时我很生气的原因。 [要点突破] like crazy 拼命地；疯狂地 be crazy to do sth.做某事是疯狂的；做某事是不理智的 drive sb. crazy 逼得某人发疯 go crazy 发疯，失去理智 [写作佳句] I know you are pretty interested in Chinese culture, and you are especially crazy about traditional clothes. 我知道你对中国文化很感兴趣，尤其喜欢传统服装。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①In order to catch up with him，we have to run like crazy. ②You are crazy to play(play) football in such bad weather. ③Knowing that you're crazy about basketball, I'm writing to invite you to watch the game. ④整天做这种机械重复的工作会使我发疯的。 Doing this mindless and repetitive work all day is going to drive me crazy． 3 let down使失望，辜负；放下；降低 ...but I felt the team were let down by one member, our point guard. ……但我觉得球队被我们的控球后卫拖累了。 [要点突破] let alone 更不用说 let sb.alone 不打扰；不惊动 let sb.be 不干涉；不打扰 let out 发出(叫声等)；结束；下课；散场；散会 let go (of sb./sth.)放开；松手 let in 让……进来；使卷入；使陷入 [写作佳句] I'd appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration. I am sure I won't let you down if accepted. 如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。如果被录用，我肯定不会让您失望的。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①Hangzhou won't let you down. I do hope you will enjoy your trip! ②The theatre was so small that they refused to let in any more people. ③我没有时间发展我的爱好，更不用说像以前那样玩电脑游戏了。 I can't afford any time to take up my hobbies，let alone playing computer games as before. ④总而言之，如果我是你，我不会放过这么好的机会。 All in all, if I were you, I wouldn't let go of such a good chance． ⑤他们转过身来，然后发出一声尖叫！ They turned around, and then let out a scream！ 4 signal n．信号；暗号 v．发信号 This gives people the wrong signal. 这给了人们错误的信号。 [要点突破] ① ② [写作佳句] He was excited to see a torch flashing back. It was his wife shining the torch in response to his signal. 看到火把在闪烁，他很兴奋。是他的妻子响应他的信号点燃了火把。 symbol/signal/mark 词汇 用法 symbol “象征，符号”，常指作为象征意义的特殊事物，尤指用有形的实物代表抽象的实体 signal “信号，暗号”，侧重指声音或动作的暗示 mark 指为了易于辨认而做的“记号”或在某一物体上留下的“痕迹”，也有“分数”之义 [学以致用] 选词填空(symbol/signal/mark)/完成句子 ①It's a signal that we might need to protect ourselves. ②I put a mark in the blank to remind me to check the figure. ③White has always been a symbol of purity in Western cultures. ④父亲向消防队长大喊，示意他们过来。 The father shouted to the fire chief and signalled to them to come over． 5 breath n．一口气；呼出的气 Take a deep breath，calm down，and always remember：think first，speak later. 深吸一口气，冷静下来，永远记住：先想后说。 [要点突破] ①hold one's breath 屏住呼吸 take a deep breath 深吸一口气；深呼吸 out of breath 气喘吁吁地，上气不接下气地(表状态) catch/lose one's breath 喘口气/喘不过气来(表动作) ②breathe vi.呼吸 breathe in 吸气 breathe out 呼气 ③breathless adj.喘不上气的 [写作佳句] (2024·全国甲卷)There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their breath while they watched all action going on around them. 在那里，他们会涉过深水，盘坐在水下，屏住呼吸，观察周围发生的一切。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①All kinds of butterflies were flying freely and the air there was pleasant to breathe(breath). ②Within minutes, he was at home，still breathless(breath). ③深吸一口气，继续前进，以后一切都会顺利的。 Take a deep breath and go on, and everything will go smoothly in the future. ④当他靠近海浪中的男孩时，每个人都屏住了呼吸。 Everyone held their breath as he approached the boy in the waves. ⑤今天早上我跑得很快，到学校时气喘吁吁的。 This morning I ran fast, reaching the school out of breath． 6 concern n．忧虑，担心 v．与……有关；使忧虑，使担心 If you feel one of your teammates isn't pulling their weight, then raise your concerns in a professional way with your team coach. 如果你觉得你的队友没有尽职尽责，那就以专业的方式向你的团队教练提出你的忧虑。 [要点突破] ① ② ③concerning prep.关于，有关，涉及 ④concerned adj.关心的；担忧的；有关的 [写作佳句] (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Some of the things that Tang was writing about were also Shakespeare's concerns. 汤显祖写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。 concerned 用作前置定语时意为“担忧的；关心的”； 用作后置定语时意为“相关的；有关的”。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①I have joined in many programs concerning(concern) environmental protection. ②As far as I am concerned(concern), it is Mothers' Day that gives us an opportunity to show our respect and love for our mothers. ③I hope that the authorities concerned(concern) will consider my suggestions seriously. ④在我看来，教育工作者应该更多地关注与儿童健康成长有关的一些问题，而不是只关注他们的成绩。 As far as I am concerned，educators should be concerned more about the problems which are concerned with the healthy growth of the children rather than only show concern for their grades. 1 形容词(短语)作状语 Disappointed by his behaviour，I said all this to my best friend. 我对他的行为感到失望，把这一切都告诉了我最好的朋友。 [情境探究] ①Lost in the mountains for a week，we were finally saved by the local police. 在大山里迷失了一个星期，我们最后被当地警方救了出来。 ②Wet or fine，he always gets up at six and takes a walk in the park. 不管睛天还是雨天，他总是六点起床，到公园里散散步。 [要点突破] 形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。常用来说明句子主语的状态，即和主语构成系表结构。如果用来修饰句子的谓语或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。 [学以致用] 单句填空 ①So we went home tired(tire) but content, telling my mom the whole thing. ②Lost(lose) in thought, he didn't even hear his deskmate call his name. ③Seated(seat) in the classroom, I fixed my eyes on that name anxiously. ④Excited(excite) and nervous, I opened the door and Santa stepped inside. 2 完全倒装 Here's what you need to do. 下面是你需要做的。 [情境探究] ①Here is the book you want. 这是你想要的书。 ②Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。 [要点突破] (1)倒装结构分为完全倒装和部分倒装。完全倒装，即将句子的全部谓语部分都置于主语之前；部分倒装，即只将助动词、情态动词或be动词放在主语之前，谓语的剩余部分仍置于主语之后。 (2)用完全倒装结构有以下几种情况： ①当here、there、now、then等副词位于句首，且谓语动词多为be、come、go等时，句子用完全倒装，即形成“Here/There/Now/Then/...＋be/come/go/...＋主语”的完全倒装结构。 ②以out、in、up、down、off、away、by等表示方位的副词或表示地点的介词短语位于句首的句子。 ③There be句型。此句型中可以用来代替be动词的动词有seem、appear、exist、happen、remain、stand、rise、live等。 ④表语或分词置于句首的倒装。有时为了表示强调，可将表语或谓语部分的现在分词或过去分词放在句首，从而构成倒装结构。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①By the window sat/sits(sit) a young man with a magazine in his hand. ②Growing all over the mountain are(be) wild flowers. ③Seated on the ground are(be) some young men. ④村庄里住着一位老渔民。 There lived/lives an old fisherman in the village.(live) ⑤他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。 Among these people was his friend Jim.(among) 3 “特殊疑问词＋-ever”引导从句 Filled with anger，you tend to say whatever comes to your mind. 满腔怒火时，你往往想到什么就说什么。 [情境探究] ①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I've matured a lot since then. I’ve come to accept that whatever goals I set for myself，they just have to be my own. 从那以后，我成长了许多。我逐渐认识到，无论我为自己设定什么目标，这些目标都必须是真正属于我自己的。 ②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Whatever/No matter what the mistake，remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality. 无论是什么样的错误，记住它不是你性格中固定的一部分。 [要点突破] 例句中whatever引导宾语从句。whatever/whoever/whichever这类词既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter what/who/which；而however/wherever/whenever一般只引导让步状语从句。 [学以致用] 同义句改写/完成句子 ① I was allowed to do anything that I wanted in my life. →I was allowed to do whatever I wanted in my life. ②无论问题有多难，他都能回答。 He can answer the questions however hard they are． ③任何人违法都要受到惩罚。 No matter who/Whoever breaks the law should be punished. ④无论你说什么，我再也不相信你了。 No matter what/Whatever you say，I won't believe you any longer. [课时梯级训练(一)见P113] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$