Unit 12 Innovation Lesson 1 Scientific Breakthroughs 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第四册

LESSON 1 SCIENTIFIC BREAKTHROUGHS UNIT 12 INNOVATION 1 LEARNING OBJECTIVES To read and talk about important inventions and discoveries of the 20th century; To read for general understanding; To read for specific information to understand words in context; To understand and learn words and expressions in context; To compare personal opinions with the ideas of others; To write a summary of an important discovery or invention; To learn and practise using adjectives. 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 2 KEY POINTS AND DIFFICULT POINTS To answer the comprehension questions; To think about important inventions and discoveries of the 20th century; To match the discoveries or inventions with how they came about; To struggle with complicated sentence structures; To think critically and express opinions freely; To compare personal opinions with the ideas of others. 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 3 LEADING IN Do you know these inventions? The first computer The first airplane 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 5 ACTIVATE AND SHARE What do you think are the most important inventions or discoveries of the 20th century? Can you name a few inventors? What makes them great? premier scientist pioneers of the 20th century to be committed to to be inspired by to be proposed by to improve the quality of human life 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 6 ACTIVATE AND SHARE The discovery of penicillin (1929) The first television (1952) The first computer (1946) What do you think are the most important inventions or discoveries of the 20th century? Can you name a few inventors? What makes them great? 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 7 ACTIVATE AND SHARE What do you think are the most important inventions or discoveries of the 20th century? Can you name a few inventors? What makes them great? The first cellphone (1973) The first personal computer (1976) The invention of world wide web (1990) 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 8 ACTIVATE AND SHARE What do you think are the most important inventions or discoveries of the 20th century? Can you name a few inventors? What makes them great? Wright Brothers invented the airplane. Inspired by an unexpected discovery in one experiment, Percy Spencer invented the microwave oven. Tu Youyou, one of the premier scientists, discovered artemisinin to cure malaria. 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 9 ACTIVATE AND SHARE What do you think are the most important inventions or discoveries of the 20th century? Can you name a few inventors? What makes them great? Wright Brothers: airplane Percy Spencer: microwave oven Tu Youyou: artemisinin These inventions/ discoveries are great because they have improved the quality of human life. 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 10 READ AND EXPLORE Read the passage. Answer the following questions. 1. What’s the main idea of the text? A. The development in exploring the space. B. The medical discoveries of the 20th century. C. Some famous pioneers in science and their discoveries of the 20th century. D. The most important discovery of the 20th century. √ 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 11 READ AND EXPLORE Read the passage. Match main ideas of each part. Part 1 (Para. 1) Part 2 (Paras. 2-6) Part 3 (Para. 7) A brief introduction of scientific breakthroughs in the 20th century Some great pioneers of science and their inventions or discoveries The significance of these scientific breakthroughs 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 12 READ AND EXPLORE Match the discoveries or inventions (1-4) with how they came about (a-d). 1. E = mc² 2. penicillin 3. the first computer 4. the Internet a. there was a lucky accident b. scientists worked together as a team c. different scientists worked on it for many years d. a scientist was inspired 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 13 READ AND EXPLORE Read the passage. Answer the following questions. 2. What can we infer from the first sentence in paragraph 1? A. There are a number of important discoveries of the 20th century. B. It is easy to choose the most important discovery of the 20th century. C. There are few great discoveries in the 20th century. D. Someone who will choose the discovery will be in trouble. √ 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 14 READ AND EXPLORE Read the passage. Answer the following questions. 3. What is NOT mentioned as the discovery of human in the 20th century? A. Space exploration. B. Means of transport. C. Entertainment. D. Physics and medicine. √ 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 15 READ AND EXPLORE Read the passage. Answer the following questions. 4. What is the author’s attitude to the pioneers and their achievements? A. Objective. B. Admirable. C. Indifferent. D. Skeptical. 5. Which of the following can replace the word “dedicated” in the last paragraph? A. Devoted. B. Determined. C. Likely. D. Experienced. √ √ 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 16 READ AND EXPLORE Read the passage. Answer the following questions. 6. What’s the purpose of the passage? A. To introduce Albert Einstein. B. To introduce the process of scientific breakthroughs. C. To introduce the major scientific discoveries in the 20th century. D. To introduce the contributions scientists made to the world. √ 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 17 READ AND EXPLORE Find information about how the following things were invented / discovered. Organise the information in your own way. Then describe the process in groups. 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 18 READ AND EXPLORE Who? E=mc2 How? Significance? When? Albert Einstein, a premier scientist He was inspired while he was rocking his one-year-old baby. In the summer of 1905 It shows not even time, mass or length are constant— they change according to our experience of them. 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 19 READ AND EXPLORE Who? penicillin How? Significance? When? Alexander Fleming, a biologist In 1929 A lucky accident:He left a dish of bacteria in his laboratory before holiday. When he came back, he saw a blue mould in the dish around which the bacteria had been destroyed. It was the natural form of penicillin. It can help to cure people and save the lives of millions. 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 21 READ AND EXPLORE Who? computer How? Significance? When? Eckert & Mauchly an engineer; a physicist In 1946 In 1946, they produced a huge machine, which was the world's first computer. It was the world’s first computer. 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 23 READ AND EXPLORE Who? the Internet How? Significance? When? Two American scientists and Tim Berners-Lee In 1990 Different scientists have been working on it for many years It enabled computers all over the world to communicate with each other. 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 25 VOCABULARY 1. scientific a scientific discovery 科学发现 scientific knowledge 科学知识 scientist n. 科学家 science n. 科学 scientifically adv. 科学（上）地 练习：The scientists have made great ______________ breakthroughs in the field of science. scientific 27 VOCABULARY 2. donate donate...to... 将……捐赠给…… donate blood 献血 donate organs 捐献器官 donation n. 捐赠物；捐赠 donor n. 捐赠者 make a donation to 向……捐赠 练习：Every year we ______________ many books to the children in the remote mountainous area. donate 28 VOCABULARY 3. correspond correspond with sb. 与某人通信 correspond to/ with 与……相符 correspond to 相当于 correspond development 协调发展 to correspond 符合 ; 对应 correspond problem 对应问题 练习：Although he stays abroad alone, he frequently _________________ with his friends. corresponds 29 VOCABULARY 4. instant instant coffee 速溶咖啡 instant noodles 方便面 the instant (that) 一……就……（相当于as soon as） for an instant 一瞬间（指动作持续的时间） in an instant 立即，马上（指动作不久将发生） instantly adv. 立即；马上；即刻 练习：The birds flew away in all directions the ______________ they caught sight of a man coming near. instant 30 VOCABULARY 5. launch launch a communications satellite 发射通信卫星 launch an investigation 开始调查 launch an attack 发起攻击 launch out 开始新事情 ; 下水 ; 开到水深之处 ; 开始新的事情 launch on 开始; 着手 ; 对……发动进攻 练习：Another Chinese designed and built ship was recently ______________. launched 31 VOCABULARY 6. constant a constant stream of visitors 络绎不绝的游客 keep in constant contact with sb. 一直与某人保持联系 travel at a constant speed 以恒定速度行驶 constantly adv. 始终；一直；重复不断地 constancy n. 坚定不移；恒久不变 练习：We are ______________ working to improve access to the gallery and its collections displayed. constantly 32 VOCABULARY 7. perceive perceive 不能用于进行时态。 perceive notice 感知 cognize perceive 认知 perceive... as/ to be... 认为……是…… perceive that... 注意到…… perceive instinctively 直觉感到 练习：We can ______________ his sorrow and annoyance by the looks on his face. perceive 33 VOCABULARY 8. outcome v. + adv. → n.（由动词短语转化而来的合成名词） break down 出故障 → breakdown n. 故障 break out 爆发 → outbreak n. 爆发 put out 生产，输出 → output n. 产量，输出量 come in 进来 → income n. 收入 练习：It was impossible to predict the ______________ of the election. outcome 34 PRACTICE 1. The _______________ (science) is gifted in innovation and has made great contributions to our country. 2. All the _______________ (donate) money will be used to help the homeless children. 3. The function of this machine ___________________ (correspond) to that of the human brain. 4. These boys and girls jumped with joy ___________________ (instant) the chairman announced the result of the game. scientist donated corresponds instantly 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 35 PRACTICE 5. If a company _______________ (launch) a new product, it makes it available to the public. 6. Scientists are _______________ (constant) developing new technology and they make breakthroughs from time to time. 7. Adults learn what they _______________ (perceive) to be beneficial in their life situations. 8. No one could have predicted the final _______________ (outcome). launches constantly perceive outcome 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 36 SUMMARY Read and talk about important inventions and discoveries of the 20th century; Read for general understanding; Read for specific information to understand words in context; Understand and learn words and expressions in context; Compare personal opinions with the ideas of others; Write a summary of an important discovery or invention; Learn and practise using adjectives. 929c8801-c207-4f5b-b816-120bbece91a2.source.4.zh-Hans 37 Thank you 38 $$