2025年中考英语二轮复习学案 代词

英语初高衔接第二讲——词性 第二节 代词 一、教学目标: 1. 学生能熟练掌握各类代词的基本用法。 2. 学生能熟记各类代词的形式变化。 3. 了解代词在句子中的位置和句法功能。 4. 补充各类代词:人称代词,物主代词,反身代词,指示代词,疑问代词,不定代词 二、教学过程 ①人称代词 (一)预习清单 1.翻译下列句子,找出其中的人称代词。 1. 我、你、他都是十八岁。 _ 2. 你们、我们、他们都来自中国。 _ 3. 我们热爱我们的祖国。 _ 4. 我有一辆蓝色的自行车,红色的那辆不是我的。 _ (2) 预习小结 1.小组讨论结合个人思考完成表格的的填写。 人称 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 2.勾画出句子中的人称代词,观察其在句子中的位置。 eg: I like to work with him. eg:Do you know who will teach us English? 主格:用作句子的( )语,放在( )词前。 宾格:用作句子的( )语,放在( )词或( )词后。 (三)预习拓展 1.人称代词做主语或表语时用主格,作宾语或介词宾语用宾格。 eg: You have to think of it. 2.人称代词的性别和数量与先行词保持一致。 eg: The teacher asked the students to hand in their homework on time. 本句人称代词是- 与其对应的词是- 3.注意人称代词并列时的先后顺序,按照you, he/she, I的前后顺序。 eg: You and I should work together to reach our aim. 小练 a. Who broke the window? -Not A. I B. he C. her b. Miss Li invited have dinner with her. Me and you B. you and I C. you and me c. Mr. Zhou teaches English. A. us B. our C. We d. are in the same class. A. Her and me B. She and I C. Me and her D. I and she ②物主代词 (一)预习清单 1.翻译下列句子并找出其中的物主代词,并说明其作用。 a. Ours is great country. _ b. May I use your pen? Yours works better. _ c. That is not my kite. This is mine. _ d. May I use your pen?Mine is broken. _ (二)预习小结 1. 小组讨论结合个人思考完成表格的的填写 物主代词表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,有人称和数的变化。 类别 数 人称 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 单 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 复 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 2.归纳并填空 物主代词分 物主代词(my, your, his, her, its, our,your,their)和 物主代词(mine, yours, his, hers,its,ours,yours, theirs)。 形容词性物主代词相当于 词,放在 词前,作 语;名词性物主代词相当于 物主代词+ 词,在句中作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语。 eg: A students of yours is waiting for you outside school.(名词性物主代词与of短语连用,表示某人的一个) 小练 a. I ate all (I) sandwiches yesterday. Can I have one of ?(you) b. Mike has lost (he)pen. Ask Mary if she will lend him .(she) c. You are a pupil. Is (you)brother a pupil, too? d. Don’t worry, let (i) help (you). e. This is not knife. is green.(she) ③反身代词 (一)预习清单 翻译下列句子并找出每句话中的反身代词.写出反身代词的形式变化并说明其作用。 a. The box itself is not so heavy. _ b. You shouldn’t leave the child at home by herself. _ c. Did you enjoy yourself in Chengdu last week? _ (2) 预习小结 1. 小组讨论结合个人思考完成表格的的填写 反身代词是由第一人称,第二人称形容词性物主代词和第三人称代词后加-self或者-selves构成。 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 (用法口诀: 反身代词不作主,宾表同位它都行,反身主语相呼应,单复形式要记清) 2.归纳并填空 a.在句中作宾语,表示动作反射到动作执行者本身。 eg: My grandmother is too old to look after . When they woke up, they found lying on the ground. b.在句中作名词或者代词的同位语,用来加强语气,可译为“亲身”、“本人”等。 eg:He made the model plane . The house is not so beautiful. c.反身代词与它所指的名词或代词形成互指关系,在人称,性别,数上保持一致。 eg: He saw himself in the mirror. (三)预习拓展 反身代词常用词组:by oneself 独自 for oneself 为自己 call oneself 自称 devoted oneself to = be devoted to 专心于 lose oneself in =be lost in 迷失 小练 a. The story (it) was very good, but you are did not tell it well. b. Did you enjoy (you)at the party yesterday? c. As teachers, we must ask (our): Are we patient enough? d. Tom hurt (he) when he was playing football. e. Lisa said to , “You should be proud of (you)” ④指示代词 指示代词分为单数和复数两种形式 指示代词 用法 例句 This (用于 ) 用于时间、空间上较近的人和事物 This is my pencil.这是我的铅笔。 these(用于 ) These are my brothers.这些是我的兄弟。 that(用于 ) 用于时间、空间上较远的人或事物 That is his book.那是他的书。 Those(用于 ) Are those your friends?那些是你的朋友吗? (一)预习清单 1.翻译下列句子并找出每句话中的指示代词.并说明其作用 a. I like these and he likes those. _ b. What I want to say is this. _ c. Hello! This is Jim. Is that John? _ d. The price of rice is higher than that of flour. _ (二)预习小结 指示代词是用来指代或标记_或_的代词,表示“_,_”“_,_”。 小练 a. Pen is red. Pencil is green. A. This, That B. These, Those C. That, Those D. This, That b. Are your watches over there? A. this B. that C. these D. those c. those his books? A. Is B.Are C. Dare D. is d. Look, what is ? It is an eraser. A. this B. that C. these D. those ⑤疑问代词 定义:疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用,用来构成疑问句。(疑问代词有下列几个:what, who, where,how,why, which 等) 中文 例句 what 什么 What does he have? who 谁 Who is she? where 哪里 Where do you want to go? how 怎么 How did you win the competition? why 为什么 Why did you leave? which 哪一个 Which one do you like? (一)预习清单 翻译下列句子并找出每句话中的疑问代词,并说明其作用。 a. Who spoke at the meeting? Whom / Who are you talking about? With whom did you go to movies? _ b. What color is your bike ? _ c. Whose bike is this ? _ (二)预习小结 问什么用what,问那个用which,问是谁用who,问怎么样用how,问原因用why,问地点用where 小练 a. are you waiting for? A. Who B. What C. where D. How b. did you get the first place? A. Which B. Why C. when D. How c. don’t you study hard? A. Why B. Which C. Where D. What d. did you go on vacation? A. Where B. What C. How D. Which e. many birds can you see in the picture? A. How B. Which C. What D. When ⑥不定代词 定义:不定代词,是英语语法术语,在句中可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语和状语。不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。 (一)some/ any的用法比较 用法 例句 some 通常用于 (什么句);或“would you like...”的疑问句;补充 Some 后面接单数可数名词,意味“某一” 1、 我想要喝一些水。 I want to drink some water. 2、 你想来一点面包嘛? Would you like some bread? any 通常用于 中; 若用于肯定陈述句或祈使句中,需重读,作代词或形容词,此时表示——“ ”,后接可数名词的单数或不数名词形式。 1、 她不会支付任何额外的费用。 She won’t pay any extra. 2、 你有一些钱吗? Have you any money? a. There isn’t milk in the fridge. b. I can see cars, but I can’t see buses. (二)few/ a few/ little/ a little 用法 例句 few I have money, so I can’t buy what I want. There are vegetables in the fridge, so we don’t need to buy them. There is flour on the floor, please clean it quickly. Tom is lonely, because he has friends in the school. a few little a little a. We have got friends there. b. Would you like to try wine? c. Very people can speak a foreign language perfectly. d. You’d better hear much and speak . (三)many/ much 用法 例句 many 1. 我没有太多钱 / 2. 杰克在学校有许多朋友 much (4) every/ each/ both/ all every 三者以及以上的“每一,每个” Almost student in our class works hard. each 及其以上的“每一,每个” Jack has two sons, and of them are doctors. both 两者“都...”(用于两者的肯定) My sisters like dancing. all 表示_者或_者以上都肯定 Are here except John. 用all、both、every、each填空 a. students should work hard at their lessons. b. of us is good at playing football. c. of my parents work in this shoe factory. d. of my boy classmates play football after school. (五)either/ neither/ none 用法 例句 either 两者中的_一者,强调个体; Tom and Jerry are good players, but either of them can join the team. Mr. Smith has two students, but neither of them is good at English. None of the students in my class is lazy. neither 表示两者_ none 表示三者或三者以上全部_; 注:1. “either…or… 要么…要么” 和 “neither… nor… 两者都不…” 连接两个主语时谓语动词要采用 “就近原则”。 eg. 要么你要么Tom去国外留学。 eg.你和我都不擅长数学。 (六)复合不定代词 ①. 表格 thing one body some any no every ②. 考点: (1)复合不定代词与形容词之间的位置关系:不定代词 + 形容词 eg. something important/ interesting 一些重要的/有趣的事情 (2)复合不定代词与else之间的位置关系:不定代词 + else eg. 别人的鞋子 ; 其他任何人 (3)含any-复合不定代词 通常用于否定句和疑问句中,含some-的不定代词通常用于肯定句中 eg. 你今天有什么事要告诉我吗? 效果检测 (1)翻译句子。 1. All of us don’t know how to use a smart phone. 2. None of his family likes the unexpected guest. 3. Each egg and apple is marked by the children. 4. None but his mother can make the boy stop crying. 5. The UFO is shaped something like a ball. 6. People who do well in jobs are the ones who work hardest. (2)用括号里面词的适当形式填空。 1. I was just glad to find _ (they) alive. 2. Their English teacher is from America, but _(we)am from England. 3. Who taught your brother to surf(冲浪)? -Nobody. He learned all by _.(he) 4. _ is very important for students to listen to teachers carefully. 5. Did you enjoy _(you), Mary and Kate? (3)单项选择 1. of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret. A. Each B. Any C. No one D. None 2. We couldn’t eat in a restaurant because of us had money on us. A. all;no B. any; no C. none; any D. no one; any 3. There is a tree on side of the street. A. Every B. all C. either D. both 4. There is a desk on side of the room. A. both B. either C. all D. every 5. I’m hungry. I want to eat. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing 6. Why not ask to help you? A. everyone B. someone C. anyone D. none 7. There is with his eyes.He is OK. A. anything wrong B. wrong something C. nothing wrong D. wrong nothing 8. I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with . A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing 9. We asked John and Henry some easy questions, but of them could answer them. A. none B. both C. all D. neither 10. Which is more useful, biology or chemistry? —— I think them are useful. A. Either of B. none of C. both of D. All of 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$