Unit 2 Natural disasters 单元检测卷-【金版教程】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册创新导学案word（译林版2020）

第二单元检测卷 　时间：120分钟　　满分：150分 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 Text 1 W：Excuse me. I'm having trouble hearing at the back of the room. Did you say that your assistant would correct the final exams? M：No, I said that he would collect them. I'll grade them myself. 1．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Professor and assistant. B．Teacher and student. C．Manager and secretary. 答案：B Text 2 M：When will our tournament begin? W：Carlos told me it is August 3rd, but the notice says it is August 13th. Carlos was wrong. 2．When will the tournament start? A．August 3rd. B．August 13th. C．August 14th. 答案：B Text 3 W：I'd like everyone to hand in the lesson tomorrow. M：Are you going to grade it or is this one just for practice? W：I'll grade it for sure. 3．What is the relationship between the two speakers? A．Mother and son. B．Teacher and student. C．Waitress and customer. 答案：B Text 4 M：Today is my friend's birthday and I'd like to get her a gift. W：What kind of gift is she interested in? M：A nice small gift that can be taken easily. 4．What kind of gift does his friend like? A．Expensive. B．Cheap. C．Easy to take. 答案：C Text 5 W：How are you getting on with your classes? M：Too bad. It seems that the more explanation the teacher gives, the more puzzled I am. 5．How does the man feel about the class? A．He wishes the teacher would explain more. B．He doesn't make sense of what the teacher said. C．He thinks the teacher explains too little. 答案：B 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 Text 6 M：Are you Spanish? W：Why? Yes. How do you know? M：I call tell by your accent. W：Well. My family comes from Spain. I did not learn to speak anything but Spanish until I was twenty. M：But your English is perfect. W：That's correct. I began to live in Canada after I left Spain at the age of twenty. M：Then you came to China from Canada. W：That's right. In China I learn to speak Chinese. 6．How does the man know that the woman is Spanish? A．By her dress. B．By her hairstyle. C．By her accent. 答案：C 7．When did the woman begin to live in Canada? A．At the age of twenty. B．At the age of twelve. C．At the age of twenty­five. 答案：A 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 Text 7 W：Morning, Peter. Nice suit! A new one? M：Oh, yes. My wife bought it for me yesterday. Hmm, you look nice in that yellow dress. Yellow suits you really well. W：Maybe. Several people also have suggested that I get more yellow clothes. They say the color suits me because of my skin. M：That's right. You know, pink, green and black could also be good for you. Actually, I think all colors are okay for a person like you. Different colors can give people different impressions. For example, black could make you look mature, while pink could make you look young and energetic. W：It's kind of you to say so. It sounds like you're a clothing expert. M：Well, compared with my wife, I'm just a beginner. 8．What do several people advise the woman to do? A．Get more yellow clothes. B．Buy a new shirt for Peter. C．Try clothes of different colors. 答案：A 9．What color makes the woman young and energetic? A．Yellow. B．Pink. C．Black. 答案：B 10．Who is really an expert in clothing? A．Peter. B．The woman. C．Peter's wife. 答案：C 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 Text 8 M：Well, I often have a sleep during the day. W：You do? Where? M：Uh, sometimes I sleep here in the library. W：Right here? No way! How do you do that? M：Well, if I'm really tired, I find a quiet desk, and I just put my head on my books and go to sleep. I usually sleep for an hour. W：Are you serious? Do you wake up in time for class? M：Yeah, I have an alarm clock. W：An alarm clock? In the library? You're kidding! M：It doesn't ring, so it doesn't make any noise. W：Oh, that's good. Anyway, can I ask you a question about our maths homework? I don't really understand this problem ... Where is it? Oh, here it is. Yeah. Adam? Adam? 11．What does the woman think of the man's behavior? A．Impolite. B．Disgusting. C．Unbelievable. 答案：C 12．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Classmates. B．Workmates. C．Teacher and student. 答案：A 13．What do we know about the man? A．He does well in maths. B．He may fall asleep in the end. C．He is often late for class. 答案：B 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 Text 9 W：Why weren't you at the German class last night, Tom? Have you given up? M：Well, no ... I came back late yesterday and found John sleeping in the chair. He'd been writing reports all day long and he was too tired to go out again, so we gave the lesson a miss. W：You have missed quite a lot of the lessons lately, haven't you? Are you losing interest? M：Yes, I'm afraid so. Neither John nor I have a gift for languages. People just laugh at us when we attempt to speak German. How did you and Jane pick it up so quickly and easily? You've hardly been in Germany for a month. W：It was neither quick nor easy. We'd both studied the language before we came, and we only needed to revise it. M：Anyway, all our friends here speak English very well, so we don't really need to learn German. 14．What is the man studying? A．Writing. B．English. C．German. 答案：C 15．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Teacher and student. B．Classmates. C．Mother and son. 答案：B 16．Why didn't the man come to the class? A．He had been writing reports all day long. B．He had given it up. C．He came back late and his friend was tired. 答案：C 17．What do we know about the man? A．He is from an English­speaking country. B．He is interested in learning foreign languages. C．He had studied the languages before he came. 答案：A 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 Text 10 Today we visit one of America's great national parks. It is a place of strange and silent beauty. As beautiful as this place is, its name provides evidence of very real danger. Death Valley is a land of beautiful yet dangerous extremes. There are mountains that reach more than three thousand meters into the sky. The air temperature during the summer has been as high as fifty－seven degrees Celsius. The sun can heat the ground so that the temperature of the rocks and soil can be as high as seventy－four degrees Celsius. The extreme heat of Death Valley has killed people in the past. It will continue to kill those who do not honor this extreme climate. Death Valley does not forgive those who are not careful. Death Valley is a good example of the violence of nature. It contains evidence of several ancient volcanoes that caused huge explosions. Evidence of one of these explosions is called Ubehebe Crater. The explosion left a huge hole in the ground almost a kilometer and a half wide. Death Valley is a huge place. It extends more than 225 kilometers across the southern part of the state of California, and across the border with the state of Nevada. Death Valley is part of the Great Mojave Desert. 18．What's the passage mainly about? A．The beauty of Death Valley. B．Introduction of Death Valley. C．How Death Valley forms. 答案：B 19．What can we learn from the passage? A．No one dares to visit Death Valley in summer. B．Extreme weather seldom strikes Death Valley. C．There used to be signs of volcanoes' explosions. 答案：C 20．Which direction does Death Valley lie in the state of California? A．South. B．North. C．West. 答案：A 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Dear Dani， My friend makes up stories about things she has done all the time and other people at school believe her. What should I do? Anna Dani says： Often people make things up because they're worried that they are not interesting. So let your friend know that she doesn't need stories to make friends or impress others. Point out that when others discover the truth, they won't be impressed at all. Dear Dani， I have two best friends and they're always leaving me out! They never invite me to anything. What can I do? Tom Dani says： Groups of three can be very difficult because one person often gets left out. Your friends may not realize how you feel. Talk to them about this and agree to plan the next outing together. With a bit of effort, a group of three can be a wonderful friendship! Dear Dani， I told my friend a secret, but then I found out she told it to somebody else. What can I do? Daisy Dani says： We all make mistakes so give your friend another chance. But tell her that your secret is important to you and that she must not do this again. If your friend finds it hard to keep a secret, be careful what you tell her in future. Dear Dani， I'm friends with a boy, but some girls keep laughing at me about it. Can't girls be friends with boys as well? Mary Dani says： Of course girls can be friends with boys. Some girls laugh at this because they don't really know any boys. Carry on enjoying your friendship. If the girls got to know this boy, they might stop teasing you. Why not invite one or two of them along next time you meet him? 篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。Dani(达尼)就四个读者在交友过程中遇到的问题给予了合理的建议。 21．Whose friend has a big mouth? A．Tom. B．Mary. C．Anna. D．Daisy. 答案：D　细节理解题。根据Daisy(黛西)写信的内容可知，她的朋友将她的秘密告诉了其他人。故选D。 22．The underlined word “teasing” in the last paragraph probably means “________”． A．avoiding B．hating C．making fun of D．taking pity on 答案：C　词义猜测题。根据Mary(玛丽)信中的“some girls keep laughing at me about it”和Dani的回信中的“Some girls laugh at this”可知，tease意为“嘲笑”。故选C。 23．We can infer from the text that Dani is probably a(n) ________． A．adviser B．storyteller C．researcher D．teacher 答案：A　推理判断题。文中的四封信都是写给Dani的，Dani给他们一一回复并给出了建议。由此可推知，Dani很可能是个顾问。故选A。 B At 5：12 am on April 18, 1906, people living in San Francisco were awakened by a 40­second earthquake. After a 10­second stop, an even stronger earthquake struck lasting 25 seconds. Survivors saw the ground move in waves as high as tree feet. The earthquake damaged streets, and streetcar rails. Fires broke out soon after the earthquake, caused primarily by overturned stoves (炉子) or damaged electrical wiring. Because the city's water mains had suffered more than 300 breaks, no water was available (可用的) to fight the fires, which rapidly burned beyond control. To control the fire, firefighters began to dynamite (炸毁) buildings in its path. Unfortunately, this method sometimes spread the fire. By the evening of April 18, 1，700 soldiers had arrived in San Francisco to help both local people and the firefighters. After burning uncontrolled for three days, the fire finally burned itself out by the morning of April 21. More than 28，000 buildings had been destroyed, resulting in about $500 million in damage. Although the official number of deaths was 311, it is now believed that about 3，000 people were killed. About 250，000 people (two­thirds of the city's population) were left homeless. They were forced to live in tents (帐篷) in public parks. Among the earthquake's survivors was the famous Italian opera singer Enrico Caruso. On the night of April 17, he had performed (表演) the role of Jose in Ceorges Bizet's 1，875 opera, “Carmen，” and had been scheduled for another performance on April 18. Caruso was so shocked by the earthquake that he made up his mind never to return to San Francisco again. Ansel Adams, age 4, survived the earthquake along with his family, though their house and many things were damaged. An aftershock threw young Adams face­first into a garden wall giving him what his friend Cedric Wright would call an “earthquake nose”. Describing his broken nose, which was never repaired, Adams would later joke, “My beauty was damaged forever.” But he felt the power of the quake, which he called his “closest experience with terrible human suffering.” 篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了1906年4月18日发生在旧金山的地震。 24．What made it difficult to control the fire? A．Damaged streets. B．Fallen buildings. C．The big problem of getting water. D．The low number of firefighters. 答案：C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Because the city's water mains had suffered more than 300 breaks, no water was available (可用的) to fight the fires, which rapidly burned beyond control.”可知，地震导致城市供水总管破裂，取水困难，所以大火难以控制。故选C。 25．What was the situation like after the earthquake? A．Dead bodies could be found in public parks. B．More than half of the locals had to find shelter. C．Over 250，000 people had to live on the street. D．About 28，000 buildings survived with little damage. 答案：B　细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句“About 250，000 people (two­thirds of the city's population) were left homeless. They were forced to live in tents (帐篷) in public parks.”可知，地震后有超过一半的当地人无家可归，不得不去寻找避难处。故选B。 26．How did Enrico Caruso feel about the earthquake? A．Completely lost. B．Very frightened. C．Really annoyed. D．Extremely sad. 答案：B　推理判断题。根据第五段第三句“Caruso was so shocked by the earthquake that he made up his mind never to return to San Francisco again.”可知，地震使Enrico Caruso(恩里科·卡鲁索)大为震惊，他下定决心再也不回旧金山了。由此可推知，Enrico Caruso对这次地震感到很害怕，故选B。 27．What happened to 4­year­old Ansel Adams? A．He was laughed at by his friend. B．His family members were hurt badly. C．His looks were unexpectedly changed. D．He got injured while trying to protect his nose. 答案：C　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“An aftershock threw young Adams face­first into a garden wall giving him what his friend Cedric Wright would call an ‘earthquake nose’．”和第三句中的“My beauty was damaged forever”可知，一次余震导致4岁的Ansel Adams(安塞尔·亚当斯)撞破了鼻子，也就是他的外貌出乎意料地改变了。故选C。 C Beijing is a rather strange city to many western people. One of my foreign friends told me that when he came to Beijing, at first he couldn't understand why most people wear masks when spring comes to Beijing. He thought people wanted to keep their appearance a secret. Well, one of the symbols of spring coming to Beijing is that more and more people start wearing masks. The reason for it is the arrival of so called “sandstorms”． It is said that each year sandstorms hit Beijing 4 to 5 times. The sand is brought to Beijing by wind from the western part of China. Tons of soil and dust travel hundreds of miles and blanket Beijing's streets, parked cars and apartment buildings. You would be amazed to see the ground has turned yellow overnight. The storm is so violent that you do not want to have a conversation with your friend on the road. If you open your mouth and then you close it, you may have the raw taste of sand in your mouth. People in Beijing hate those storms. Sandstorms make the traffic jam in rush hours even more unpredictable, because the drivers have to drive slowly in order to have a clear view of the road conditions. Young students also hate sandstorms because whenever there is a sandstorm, they are not allowed to have any activities outside the classroom. It is so boring to sit in the classroom all day and the youngsters are so eager to go out and do some sports. It is said that the closest desert is only 80 kilometers away from the city center.There is definitely much more to do for the local government to deal with the environmental problem. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北京沙尘暴的危害。 28．Why do people in Beijing wear masks in the spring? A．Because they are rather strange. B．Because there are serious sandstorms. C．Because their appearance are not beautiful. D．Because they want to keep their face a secret. 答案：B　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“Well, one of the symbols of spring coming to Beijing is that more and more people start wearing masks. The reason for it is the arrival of so called ‘sandstorms’．”可知，因为有严重的沙尘暴，所以在北京人们春天要戴口罩。故选B。 29．What does the underlined word “blanket” mean? A．Dry. B．Cross. C．Destroy. D．Cover. 答案：D　词义猜测题。根据第二段第四句“You would be amazed to see the ground has turned yellow overnight.”可知，你会惊讶地看到地面一夜之间变黄了。由此可推测，造成这样的场景是因为沙尘覆盖。所以blanket意为“覆盖”。故选D。 30．What do people have to do when the storm comes? A．Drivers clean the road. B．They hold some activities. C．Youngsters go out to do sports. D．Students stay in the classroom. 答案：D　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Young students also hate sandstorms because whenever there is a sandstorm, they are not allowed to have any activities outside the classroom.”可知，当沙尘暴来临时，学生们必须待在教室里。故选D。 31．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．People in Sandstorms B．How to Prevent Sandstorms C．Sandstorms in Beijing D．What to Do in a Sandstorm 答案：C　标题判断题。纵观全文，主要介绍北京的沙尘暴。故选C。 D Yesterday morning I was having breakfast in the 37th floor club lounge (休息室) at the InterContinental Bangkok, quite enjoying my conversation with Julia. She is a lovely Bavarian lady who works in the club lounge. Suddenly I felt really dizzy (晕眩的). I hadn't drunk anything the night before and had got a great night of sleep, so I found that a bit strange. But it continued. After a few moments I realized what was going on—I wasn't dizzy, but it was an earthquake. For over 20 seconds the club floor was shaking. Julia tried to remain calm and asked us to go down the stairs. When I walked past the rooftop pool, I saw water rushing out of it, which terrified me even more. I skipped down the 37 flights of stairs as if I were taking part in the Olympics. However, as I was trying to get to the ground floor, I found it strange that nobody else was escaping. Eventually I made it to the ground floor. Again, I had never been in an earthquake before, so I had no sense of what it was like during an earthquake. I was kind of expecting disorder on the streets, a thousand people in the hall, and a general Armageddon style setting. Sure enough I hurriedly got through the doors on the first floor and went straight to the reception desk, thinking the girl at the desk knew what was going on. But she looked quite confused, not knowing what I was talking about. Then I asked another one but I got the same response. I believed the world was coming to an end, while everyone looked at me as if nothing had happened. Well, as it turned out, nothing did happen to them. Clearly there was an earthquake in Myanmar, and it was only felt at the top of some of the taller buildings in Bangkok. Julia kept the club lounge closed for safety for some time, while I was happy just to be on the ground level. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在曼谷经历的一场地震。这是作者第一次经历地震，他以为场面会非常混乱，但到了一楼才发现底层感觉不到震动，只有在高层才能感觉到。 32．How did the author most probably respond after knowing his situation? A．He remained calm. B．He became frightened. C．He asked others to go down the stairs. D．He thought for a while about what to do. 答案：B　推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“When I walked past the rooftop pool, I saw water rushing out of it, which terrified me even more.”可知，当走过顶层游泳池时，作者看到水从里面涌出来，这让作者更加害怕。由此可推知，当作者了解到自己所处的情况时，他是害怕的。故选B。 33．What did the author find after he got to the ground floor? A．Nothing seemed to have happened. B．Many people were trying to escape. C．People were looking at him nervously. D．There were no other people in the street. 答案：A　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“However, as I was trying to get to the ground floor, I found it strange that nobody else was escaping.”可知，到达一楼后作者发现似乎什么也没有发生，人们和平时一样。故选A。 34．Why did the girl at the reception desk look confused? A．Because no one was running. B．Because the author looked strange. C．Because she didn't feel any shaking at all. D．Because she didn't speak the author's language. 答案：C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句中的“it was only felt at the top of some of the taller buildings in Bangkok”可推知，前台女孩感到困惑是因为她不知道发生了地震，一楼没有震感。故选C。 35．What is the text mainly about? A．A joke others played on the author. B．How the author survived an earthquake. C．The author's most unforgettable experience. D．The author's experience in an earthquake. 答案：D　主旨大意题。纵观全文，第一段讲述了作者感觉到震动；第二段讲述作者明白是因为地震才会震动；第三段讲述作者逃跑过程中的见闻；第四段讲述别人对地震的反应；第五段讲述作者明白别人不逃跑的原因。因此，本文主要讲述作者在一次地震中的经历。故选D。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Floods are one of the most common disasters in the US. Some floods develop slowly. But flash floods can develop quickly, sometimes in just a few minutes and without any signs of rain. __36__ It carries rocks and can sweep away most things in its path. If a flood is likely in your area, you should： Listen to the radio or watch television for information. If there is any possibility of a flash flood, move at once to higher ground. __37__ If you have time to prepare, you should： Make your home safe by bringing in outdoor furniture. Move necessary items to an upper floor. __38__ Do not touch any electrical equipment if you are wet or standing in water. If you have to leave your home right away, remember these tips： Do not walk through moving water. __39__ If you have to walk in water, walk where the water is not moving. Use a stick to check the ground in front of you. __40__ If flood­waters rise around your car, give up the car and move to higher ground if you can do so safely. Otherwise you and the car can be quickly swept away. A．Do not drive into flooded areas. B．Do not wait for instructions to move. C．20 cm depth of moving water can make you fall. D．Turn off all pieces of electrical equipment. E．Flash floods often have a dangerous wall of water. F．Maybe you know floods, earthquakes, sandstorms, and so on. G．During recent years, floods have caused billions of dollars in damage each year. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了洪水到来时应该采取的一些措施。 36．E　根据上文“But flash floods can develop quickly, sometimes in just a few minutes and without any signs of rain.”以及下文“It carries rocks and can sweep away most things in its path.”可知，上文提到了山洪暴发迅猛，下文则提到了山洪可以清除路上大部分东西，说明山洪具有危险性。E项中“Flash floods”对应上文中的“flash floods”。故E项(山洪通常会形成一堵危险的水墙。)符合语境。故选E。 37．B　根据上文“If there is any possibility of a flash flood, move at once to higher ground.”可知，一有山洪暴发的可能时，就要立即转移到较高的地方，即不能等着转移的指令。上文中的“move at once”对应B项中的“to move”。故B项(不要等待转移指示。)符合语境。故选B。 38．D　根据下文“Do not touch any electrical equipment if you are wet or standing in water.”可知，如果你打湿了或站在水里，不要触摸任何电器，由此可推知，本句应当是在说明对电器的处理方法。下文中的“electrical equipment”对应D项中的“electrical equipment”。故D项(关掉所有的电器。)符合语境。故选D。 39．C　根据上文“Do not walk through moving water.”可知，不要在流动的水里行走，由此可推知，本句应承接上文说明不要这么做的原因。上文中的“moving water”对应C项中的“moving water”。故C项(20厘米深的流水会让你跌倒。)符合语境。故选C。 40．A　根据下文“If flood­waters rise around your car, give up the car and move to higher ground if you can do so safely. Otherwise you and the car can be quickly swept away.(如果你的车周围涨起了洪水，放弃你的车，在确保安全的情况下到更高的地方。否则你和车会很快被冲走。)”可知，本段主要说明是洪水暴发时，开车的相关注意事项。且下文中的“car”对应A项中的“drive”。故A项(不要开车去洪水区。)符合语境。故选A。 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Volcano Every time we mention a natural disaster, we always think of the __41__ volcanic eruption. The volcano is one of the most surprising frightening __42__ of nature. Have you ever seen a volcano __43__ violently with your own eyes? To be true, few people have such a __44__. Maybe you have seen quite a few pictures of these “fireworks” of __45__. Sometimes when a volcano __46__， a very large wall of melted rock moves down the side of a __47__. It looks like a “river of fire”. Sometimes volcanoes explode, __48__ the melted rock and ashes high into the air. But where does this melted rock come from? 　 The earth is made up of many layers. The top layer that we see is called the crust (地壳). Under the crust are many layers of hard rock. But far, far beneath the crust whose rock is so __49__， that it is soft. In some places it even __50__. The melted rock is called magma (岩浆). Sometimes the magma breaks out to the __51__ through cracks in the crust. These cracks are volcanoes. Most people think of mountains when they think of volcanoes. But not every mountain is a volcano. A volcano is __52__ the opening in the earth from which the magma __53__. The hot magma, or lava as it is called, cools and builds up on the surface of the earth. Over thousands of years, this pile of __54__ lava can grow to be very, very big. For example, the highest mountain in Africa, Kilimanjaro, is a volcano. It __55__ more than 16，000 feet above the ground around it. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了火山的形成以及火山喷发的原因。 41．A.terrible B．wonderful C．precious D．diverse 答案：A　terrible “可怕的”；wonderful “极好的”；precious “珍贵的”；diverse “多种多样的”。根据下文“the most surprising frightening”可知，火山爆发是非常可怕的。故选A。 42．A.creatures B．powers C．reports D．threats 答案：B　creature “生物”；power “力量”；report “报道”；threat “威胁”。根据常识可知，火山威力巨大，所以此处表示火山是大自然最恐怖的力量之一。故选B。 43．A.breaking out B．burning down C．coming true D．putting forward 答案：A　break out “爆发”；burn down “烧毁”；come true “实现”；put forward “提出”。根据语境可知，此处表示你是否亲眼见过火山爆发。故选A。 44．A.accident B．anxiety C．chance D．potential 答案：C　accident “事故”；anxiety “焦虑”；chance “机会”；potential “潜力”。根据上文“Have you ever seen a volcano __43__ violently with your own eyes？”可知，此处表示现实中很少有人见过火山爆发。故选C。 45．A.history B．nature C．reality D．diversity 答案：B　history “历史”；nature “自然”；reality “现实”；diversity “多样性”。此处运用比喻，把火山喷发比作是大自然所燃放的“烟花”。故选B。 46．A.melts B．erupts C．causes D．trembles 答案：B　melt “融化”；erupt “爆发”；cause “原因”；tremble “颤抖”。根据下文“a very large wall of melted rock moves down”可知，此处在描述火山爆发的场景。故选B。 47．A.place B．angle C．fountain D．mountain 答案：D　place “地方”；angle “角度”；fountain “喷泉”；mountain “山”。根据常识可知，岩浆是从火山里流出的。故选D。 48．A.throwing B．appreciating C．controlling D．waving 答案：A　throw “抛，扔”；appreciate “感激”；control “控制”；wave “挥手”。根据上文中的“fireworks”并结合常识可知，火山喷发会将熔岩喷射到天空。故选A。 49．A.cool B．active C．hot D．precious 答案：C　cool “凉爽”；active “活泼的”；hot “热的”；precious “珍贵的”。根据下文“The melted rock is called magma (岩浆)．”可知，地壳深处的岩石温度很高。故选C。 50．A.arouses B．melts C．burns D．rises 答案：B　arouse “激发”；melt “融化”；burn “燃烧”；rise “上升”。根据下文“The melted rock is called magma (岩浆)．”可知，有些岩石会融化。故选B。 51．A.surface B．heart C．appearance D．plain 答案：A　surface “表面”；heart “心脏”；appearance “外貌”；plain “平原”。根据语境可知，此处表示岩浆通过地壳的裂缝喷发到地表。故选A。 52．A.consciously B．simply C．absolutely D．potentially 答案：B　consciously “有意识地”；simply “只是”；absolutely “绝对地”；potentially “潜在地”。根据下文“the opening in the earth”可知，火山只是地球的一个开口，岩浆从这些开口处流出。故选B。 53．A.guarantees B．forms C．escapes D．flows 答案：C　guarantee “保证”；form “形成”；escape “流出，漏出”；flow “流动”。根据下文“The hot magma, or lava as it is called, cools and builds up on the surface of the earth.”可知，火山就是由熔岩从地底流出到地面，慢慢冷却堆积而形成的。故选C。 54．A.heated B．threatened C．molten D．cooled 答案：D　heated “加热的”；threatened “受威胁的”；molten “融化的”；cooled “冷却的”。根据上文“The hot magma, or lava as it is called, cools and builds up on the surface of the earth.”可知，此处指“冷却的岩浆”。故选D。 55．A.follows B．varies C．suits D．towers 答案：D　follow “跟随”；vary “变化”；suit “合适”；tower “高出”。根据上文“For example, the highest mountain in Africa, Kilimanjaro, is a volcano.”可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山，它高出地面16，000英尺。故选D。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Wildfires can start in forests or on open land, and the flames spread very quickly. Sometimes they start because the weather is hot and dry, but __56__ (most) humans cause wildfires. We can prevent them by carefully __57__ (control) campfires and other outdoor fires. Other natural disasters are impossible to prevent. A typhoon is a tropical (热带的) storm __58__ starts over the sea. When Typhoon Haiyan hit the Philippines and Vietnam in 2013, the winds reached over 100 kph and caused great damage. Six thousand people __59__ (kill), and more than two million had to leave their homes. Today we can predict these storms, and if we attach __60__ (important) to weather warnings, we can prepare for them. Unlike a storm. __61__ earthquake is usually unexpected. A huge earthquake hit Pakistan in October 2015.“The ground was shaking，” said one resident. “But worse than that was the sound of the earthquake. It was __62__ (frighten)．” Earthquakes usually don't last more than a minute, but their influences can be terrible. Buildings fall down and this can sometimes cause fires. It can be very difficult to find __63__ (survive) in the damaged area. These are just three examples of __64__ deadly nature can be. But humans can use technology __65__ (make) predictions and work together when things go wrong. 56．______　57.______　58.______　59.______ 60．______　61.______　62.______　63.______ 64．______　65.______ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自然界中三种可致命的自然灾害——火灾、台风和地震，面对这些自然灾害，人类可以利用科技做出预测，并在出现问题时协同工作。 56．mostly　考查词性转换。句意：有时野火发生是因为天气炎热干燥，但主要是人类引起的。此处用副词修饰整个句子。mostly “主要地，多半”。故填mostly。 57．controlling　考查非谓语动词。介词by后接动名词作宾语。故填controlling。 58．which/that　考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，解释说明先行词storm，指物，在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。 59．were killed　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据上文in 2013可知，此处应用一般过去时；且主语Six thousand people与谓语动词kill之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态；主语为复数。故填were killed。 60．importance　考查词性转换。句意：如今我们可以预测这些风暴，如果我们重视天气预警，就可以提前做好准备。固定短语attach importance to “重视”。故填importance。 61．an　考查冠词。名词earthquake的发音以元音音素开头，所以此处应用不定冠词，表示泛指。故填an。 62．frightening　考查词性转换。此处用形容词作表语，且主语It指的是上文的“the sound of the earthquake”，是物，所以应用frightening，意为“令人害怕的，可怕的”。故填frightening。 63．survivors　考查词性转换。句意：在受灾地区很难找到幸存者。根据find可知，此处应用名词作宾语；根据in the damaged areas可知，应用名词的复数。故填survivors。 64．how　考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：这只是三个例子，说明了大自然是多么的致命。此处是一个宾语从句作介词of的宾语，根据宾语从句中的形容词deadly可知此处应用连接副词how。故填how。 65．to make　考查非谓语动词。句意：但人类可以利用科技做出预测，并在出现问题时协同工作。动词use后接动词不定式作目的状语。故填to make。 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假定你是李华，你校英语报社将举办主题为自然灾害的征文活动，请你给英国朋友Alice写一封邮件，邀请她参加。内容包括： 1．说明缘由； 2．请她介绍美国的自然灾害并谈谈影响、应对措施等； 3．告知征文的截稿日期。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Alice， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Yours， Li Hua [精彩范文] Dear Alice， English Newspaper Office of our school will hold an essay competition whose theme is Natural Disasters. I'd like to invite you to take part in it. It is well­known that many natural disasters happen every year in America, causing great damage. You can introduce the main natural disasters, such as hurricanes and snowstorms and tell some common knowledge about them. For example, you can discuss how they happen, what harm they may cause, and what you can do in the face of disasters. The measures you take may benefit us, as we also face many natural disasters. 　The deadline is June 8th 2020.Looking forward to your article. Yours， Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was still living in Peru when the earthquake happened. I had had a fight with my parents till midnight the day before because I thought they didn't understand me. Therefore, I was still sleeping in the afternoon. Suddenly, I was woken up by my dog barking at the shaking window next to me. Small quick earthquakes are very common in Peru, especially in the coastal regions, so ignored it and tried to calm my dog so that I could fall asleep again. I had walked 4 steps from the sofa to get her when the whole wall­length window broke in front of me, huge sharp pieces falling right into the sofa I had been lying in jut seconds before. Fully woken up, I could hear what sounded like a million car alarms ringing from the ground. My parents were still at work, and I was alone in a 10­floor flat with a panicking dog running circles around me, so I forced myself to get it together. I lifted my giant dog in my hand and ran into the emergency stairs, just ran and ran until I could see some street lights since the building had no emergency lights and everything was dark. When I finally rushed through the door of the hall, I could see the road below me breaking and trees shaking from their roots up. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 I stayed in the streets for about an hour until my parents arrived. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 After the earthquake, I had a heart­to­heart talk with my parents. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者独自在家时发生了地震，起初作者不以为意，结果整面墙的窗户都碎了，危急时刻作者强迫自己振作起来，抱起家里的狗，开始往楼下冲。作者一家会怎么样？作者意识到了什么？ [精彩范文] I stayed in the streets for about an hour until my parents arrived. Nothing could ever describe my excitement when I found them alive. The world was still shaking but we ran across the fallen trees towards each other without any hesitation. The moment my parents hugged me tightly in their arms, tears of joy ran down our cheeks like rivers that wouldn't stop flowing. With dad leading the way through the ruins, the fear I had before was disappearing. Finding a corner to stay, we held our hands. After the earthquake, I had a heart­to­heart talk with my parents. It was the first time in years that we truly had listened to each other with patience. Not only did they hear my stresses and anxieties as a teenager but also I got their pressures and responsibilities as adults. Honestly speaking, the earthquake has changed my values of life. Roads could be rebuilt, houses repaired and trees planted. However, lost family members would never return. Seeing so many loving families torn apart, I found myself extremely lucky to have my family survive. It was only after this terrible disaster that I realized nothing mattered more than the safety and happiness of my family. 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。Text one. excuse me, i'm having trouble hearing at the back of the room. Did you say that your assistant would correct the final exams? No, I said that he would collect them. I'll grade them myself. Text too. When will our tournament begin? Carlos told . me IT is August third, but the notice says IT is August teen. Carlos was wrong. Teched three. i'd like everyone to hand in the lesson tomorrow. Are you going to credit? Or is this one just . for practice? I'll greet IT for sure. Text for today is my friend's birthday, and i'd like to get a gift. What kind of gift is he interested in? A nice, small gift that can be taken easily. Text five. how are you getting on with your classes? Too bad IT seems that the more explanation the teacher gives, the more puzzled I am. 第一节到此结束，第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第六段材料，回答第六、七题。Test six, are you spanish? why? Yes, how did you know? I can tell by your accent. Well, my family comes from spain. I did not learn to speak anything but spanish until I was twenty. But your english is perfect. That's correct. I began to live in canada after I left to spain at the age of twenty. Then you came to china from canada. That's right. In china, I learned to speak chinese. Are you spanish? why? Yes, how did you know? I can tell by your accent. Well, my family comes from spain. I did not learn to speak anything but spanish until I was twenty. But your english is perfect. That's correct. I began to live in canada after I left to spain at the age of twenty. Then you came to china from canada. That's right. In china, I learned to speak chinese. 听第七段材料，回答第8至10题。Text, seven morning. Peter. Nice suit, a new one. Oh yes. my wife bought IT for me yesterday. Hm, you look nice in that yellow dress. Yellow suits you really well. Maybe several people also have suggested that I get more yellow cloth. They say the color suits me because of my skin. That's right. You know, pink, Green and black could also be good for you. Actually, I think all colors are OK for a person like you. Different colors can give people different impressions. For example, black could make you look mature, while pink could make you look Young and energetic. It's kind of you to say so IT sounds like you're a clothing expert. Well, compared with my wife, i'm just a beginner. Morning, Peter. Nice suit. A new one. Oh yes, my wife bought IT for me yesterday. Hm, you look nice in that yellow dress. Yellow suits you really well. Maybe several people also have suggested that I get more yellow clothes. They say the color suits me because of my skin. That's right. You know, pink, Green and black could also be good for you. Actually, I think all colors are OK for a person like you. Different colors can give people different impressions. For example, black could make you look mature, while pink could make you look Young and energetic. It's kind of you to say so IT sounds like you're a clothing expert. Well, compared with my wife, i'm just a beginner. 听第八段材料，回答第11至13题。Text eight, well, I often have asleep during the day. You do well that . sometimes I sleep here in the library . right here. No way. How do you do that? Well. if i'm really tired, I find a quiet desk, and I just put my head on my books and go to sleep. I usually sleep for an hour. Are you serious? Do you wake up in time for class? Yeah, I have an alarm clock and . alarm clock in the library. You're kidding. IT doesn't bring, so IT doesn't make any noise. Oh, that's good. Anyway, can I ask you a question about our math homework? I don't really understand this problem. Where's IT? Oh, here. IT is. Yeah, adam, adam. Well, I often have a sleep during . the day you do, where . sometimes I sleep here in the library . right here. No way. How do you do that? Well, if i'm really tired, I find a quiet desk, and I just put my head on my books and go to sleep. I usually sleep for an hour. Are you serious? Do you wake up in time for class? Yeah, I have an alarm clock and . alarm clock in the library. You are kidding. IT doesn't bring so IT doesn't make any nose. Oh, that's good. Anyway, can I ask you a question about our math homework? I don't really understand this problem. Where's IT? Oh, here. IT is. Yeah, adam, adam. 听第九段材料，回答第14至17题。Text nine, why weren't . you at the german class last night? Tom, have you given up? Well, no, I came back late yesterday and found john sleeping in the chair. He'd been writing reports all day long, and he was too tired to go out again. So we gave the lesson a miss. You have missed quite a lot of the lessons lately, haven't you? Are you losing interest? Yeah, i'm afraid. So neither john nor I have a gift for languages. People just laugh at us when we attempt to speak german. How did you and jane pick IT up so quickly and easily? You've hardly been in germany for a month. IT was neither quick nor easy. We d both studied the language before we came, and we only needed to . revise IT anyway. All our friends here speak english very well, so we don't really need to learn german. Why weren't you at the german class last night? tom? Have you given up? Well, no, I came back late yesterday and found john sleeping in the chair. He've been writing reports all day long, and he was too tired to go out again. So we gave the lesson a miss. You have missed quite a lot of the lessons lately, haven't you? Are you . losing interest? Yes, i'm afraid so. Neither john nor I have a gift for languages. People just laugh at us when we attempt to speak german. How did you and jane pick IT up so quickly and easily? You've hardly been in germany for a month. IT was neither quick nor easy. We d both studied the language before we came, and we only needed to revise . IT anyway. All our friends here speak english very well, so we don't really need to learn german. 听第十段材料，回答第18至20题。Teched, ten. Today we've visit . one of america's greatest national parks. IT is a place of strange and silent beauty. As beautiful as this place is, its name provides evidence of very real danger. Death valley is a land of beautiful yet dangerous extremes. There are mountains that reach more than three thousand meters into the sky. The air temperature during the summer has been as high as fifty seven degrees sales as the sun can heat the ground, so that the temperature of the rocks and soil can be as high as seventy four degrees south east. The extreme heat of death valley has killed people in the past. IT will continue to kill those who do not honor this extreme climate. Death valley does not forgive those who are not careful. Death valley is a good example of the violence of nature. IT contains evidence of several ancient volcanoes that caused huge explosions. Evidence of one of these explosions is called uber hiba crater. The explosion left a huge hole in the ground almost a kilometer and a half wide. Death valley is a huge place. IT extends more than two hundred twenty five kilometers across the southern part of the state of california and across the border with the state of navaja. Death valley is a part of the great mohawk desert. Today we visit one of america's greatest national parks. IT is a place of strange and silent beauty. As beautiful as this place is, its name provides evidence of very real danger. Death valley is a land of beautiful yet dangerous extremes. There are mountains that reach more than three thousand meters into the sky. The air temperature during the summer has been as high as fifty seven degrees sales as the sun can heat the ground, so that the temperature of the rocks and soil can be as high as seventy four degrees sales as the extreme heat of death valley has killed people in the past, IT will continue to kill those who do not honour this extreme climate. Death valley does not forgive those who are not careful. Death valley is a good example of the violence of nature. IT contains evidence of several ancient volcanoes that caused huge explosions. Evidence of one of these explosions is called ubi bc crater. The explosion left a huge hole in the ground almost a kilometer and a half wide. Death valley is a huge place. IT extends more than two hundred twenty five kilometers across the southern part of the state of california and across the border with the state of nevada. A death valley is a part of the great mohaves, a desert. 第二节到此结束。