Unit 1 Nature in the balance 单元重点知识回顾-【金版教程】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册创新导学案word（译林版2020）

Ⅰ.重点词汇 1．harm n．& vt. 伤害，损害 do sb/sth harm/do harm to sb/sth 损害某人/某物 come to harm 受到损害 mean no harm 并无恶意 2．length n. 长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长→lengthen v. 加长 in length 长度上 at length 详细地(＝in detail)；最后(＝at last) 3．variety n. 不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体→vary vt.& vi. 改变；变更；变化；不同→various adj. 各种不同的；各种各样的 a variety of＝varieties of 种种，各种各样的，各种不同的 the variety of ... ……的品种 vary with ... 随着……而变化 vary in 在……方面不同/有差异 vary from ... to ... 从……到……变化 4．mass n. 大量；团，块，堆；一大群　adj. 大批的，广泛的→massive adj. 大量的；巨大的，厚重的 a mass of 许多 (＝masses of)；大量(＝lots of) be a mass of 充满；布满 in the mass 总体上 the masses 人民群众 5．towering adj. 高大的，高耸的；出色的→tower vi. 高耸，屹立；超过　n. 塔，塔楼 tower over/above 高于 a tower of strength (危难时的)可依靠的人，主心骨 6．living adj. 活着的，活的；在使用的　n. 生计，谋生；生活方式 living things 生物 the living people 活着的人 make/earn a/one's living 谋生 7．survive vi. 生存，存活　vt. 幸存，幸免于难→survival n. 幸存，生还→survivor n. 幸存者 survive on 靠……继续维持生活 8．disappear vi. 不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪→disappearance n. 消失；失踪 disappear from 从……消失 disappear into/behind/under ... 消失在…… 9．damage vt.& n. 损害，伤害，损坏，破坏→damaging adj. 有破坏性的 cause/do damage to 对……伤害(破坏) damage sb's career/reputation/health 损害某人的事业/名誉/健康 10．application n. 应用，运用；申请→apply vt.& vi. 申请，应用→applied adj. 应用的，实用的→applicant n. 申请人 an application of……的应用 an application for 对……的申请 make an application to ... (for ...) 向……申请…… apply (to sb) for sth (向某人)申请某事 apply to 适用；涉及 apply ... to ... 把……应用于…… apply oneself to (doing) 致力于，集中精力(做)…… 11．nowhere adv. 无处，哪里都不 get/go nowhere/get sb nowhere (让某人)毫无进展 nowhere to be found/seen/in sight 不可能找到/看见 nowhere near 差得远；远不及 out of nowhere 突然冒出来 12．protest vi. 反对，抗议　vt. 反对；坚持声称，申辩　n. 抗议，反对→protester n. 抗议者 protest about/against/at 对……提出抗议，反对 under protest 抗议中；无奈地；极不乐意地 without protest 心甘情愿地；不反对地 13．profit n. 利润，收益；好处　vi.& vt. 获益，得到好处→profitable adj. 有益的；赚钱的；有利可图的 make a profit 获利；赚钱 for profit 为了赢利 at a profit 获利 profit from/by(＝benefit from) 从……中获益 14．defence n. 辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守→defend vt. 保卫→defensive adj. 防御的；保护的；保卫的 in defence of＝ in one's defence 保卫，为……辩护 defend oneself 为自己辩护 defend ... from/against ... 保护……免遭……；保卫……抵御…… 15．poverty n. 贫穷，贫困；贫乏→poor adj. 贫穷的；可怜的；贫乏的→poorly adv. 贫穷地；贫乏 in poverty 处于贫困中 a poverty of 贫乏；短缺 the poor 穷人 be poor in在……方面贫乏 16．poison vt. 污染；毒死，毒害　n. 毒物，毒药→poisonous adj. 有毒的，有害的→poisoning n. 中毒 be poisonous to sb/sth 对某人/某物来说有毒 17．consequence n. 结果，后果；重要性→consequent adj. 随之发生的；作为结果的→consequently adv. 因此；结果 in consequence (＝as a consequence＝as a result) 因此 in consequence of(＝as a consequence of) 由于 18．in__turn 相应地，转而 19．break__down 使分解(为)，使变化(成) 20．breathe__life__into 给……带来起色，注入活力 21．due__to 由于，因为 22．build__up 逐渐增加，扩大 23．come__up__with 想出，想到 24．call__for (公开)要求；需要 25．spring__to__mind 突然记起(或想到) 26．get__rid__of 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉 27．give__rise__to 使发生(或存在) Ⅱ.教材原句 1．The Amazon River, from__which__the__rainforest__gets__its__name,__is close to 6，400 kilometres in length—roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.(教材P2) 亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长接近6，400千米，比长江还长约100千米。 2．Above__that__is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.(教材P3) 往上是覆盖在黑暗雨林地面上的落叶堆。 3．All of them come up with creative ideas on how__to__solve these problems.(教材P6) 他们想出创意如何解决这些问题。 4．Some activities, such as hunting and fishing, directly harm animals, while__other_ _activities,__such as development in towns and cities, impact indirectly on animal populations.(教材P8) 一些活动，如狩猎和捕鱼，直接伤害动物，而其他活动，如城镇发展，间接影响动物数量。 5．As the human population continues to grow, so__does__the__effect we have on animals.(教材P8) 随着人口的不断增长，我们对动物的影响也在不断增加。 6．Joining__us__in__the__studio__tonight__are James Smith, a local resident; Vincent Brown, senior manager of a local factory; and Julie Archer, chief of the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee.(教材P11) 今晚来到演播室的是当地居民詹姆斯·史密斯；当地一家工厂的高级经理文森特·布朗；以及诺盖特环境保护委员会主席朱莉·阿彻。 7．With__pollution__levels__on__the__rise,__the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee is searching for ways to fight the problem.(教材P12) 随着污染水平在上升，诺盖特环境保护委员会正在寻找解决这个问题的方法。 8．Polluted water bodies not__only do harm to animals and plants; they also have a long­lasting effect on humans.(教材P13) 污染的水源不仅危害动物和植物；它们对人类也有长期的影响。 Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1．It was not in the ________ (long) of days, but in the use we make of them that the value of life lies. 答案：length 2．Other ________ (various) of multigenerational family are more common. 答案：varieties 3．The ________ (disappear) of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. 答案：disappearance 4．Most of the food for the homeless is provided by voluntary ________ (organize)． 答案：organization 5．It is required that a recent photo should be attached to the ________ (apply) form. 答案：application 6．The commission is calling for a ________ (globe) ban on whaling. 答案：global 7．I'm telling them they can't open what they ________ (absolute) know is a door. 答案：absolutely 8．Many theories have been put forward for the ________ (extinct) of the dinosaurs, but most of them can be dismissed. 答案：extinction 9．Not only did the Great Wall of China serve as a ________ (defend) in the north but also symbolized the power of the emperor. 答案：defence/defense 10．Widespread ________ (poor) in Africa means that many people there can't get the water, clothing, housing or education they need. 答案：poverty Ⅳ.开放型任务 中国气候多样，世界上多数的动植物在我国都能够找到适合生存的栖息地，而我国的农作物及各种动植物资源极其丰富，在复杂多样的气候条件下，形成了不同的自然景观和旅游资源。请你收集整理有关中国的自然旅游资源，用英语写作一篇介绍性文章，在课堂上和大家分享。 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$