专题01 Unit 1 Nature in the balance (词汇短语句型单句语法填空100题）2025-2026学年高一同步重难点专题练（译林版2020必修三）

专题01 Unit 1 Nature in the balance (词汇句型基础题型100题) 01 重点单词 02 重点短语 03 经典句型 04 基础题型专练 1．__________ n．地区，区域；行政区 2．__________ n．大量；团，块，堆；一大群 adj.大批的，广泛的 3．__________ adj.高大的，高耸的；出色的 4．__________ adj.活着的，活的；在使用的 n．生计，谋生；生活方式 5．__________ n．影响，作用；撞击，冲撞 vi.& vt.有影响；冲击 6．__________ vt.& n．损害，伤害，损坏，破坏 7．__________ vt.& vi.跟踪，追踪 n．足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线 8．__________ vi.反对，抗议 vt.反对；坚持声称，申辩 n．抗议，反对 9．__________ n．利润，收益；好处 vi.& vt.获益，得到好处 10．__________ n．过程，进程；步骤，流程 vt.加工，处理 11．__________ n．(政府或机构)部门；分部；树枝；支流；分支 12．__________ n．策略，行动计划；策划，部署 13．__________ vt.回收利用，再利用 14．__________ adj.昔日的，前任的；以前的，从前的 15．__________ n．官员，要员 adj.公务的；正式的，官方的 16．__________ n．贫穷，贫困；贫乏 17．__________ n．灭绝，绝种→__________adj.灭绝的，绝种的 18．__________ adj.全球的；全面的→__________n．球体；地球 19．__________ n．应用，运用；申请→__________v．应用；申请；涂；有关；运用→__________n．申请人 20．__________ n．组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理→__________vt.组织→__________n．组织者→__________adj.有组织的；有条理的 21．__________ adv.绝对地，完全地；极其→__________adj.绝对的，完全的 22．__________ adv.完全地，全部地，完整地→__________adj.完全的 23．__________n.辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守→__________vt.保护；防御；辩白→__________adj.防御性的；自我保护的 24．__________ adj.经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的→__________adj.节约的；经济的→__________n．经济→__________n．经济学家→__________n．经济学 25．__________ vt.污染；毒死，毒害 n．毒物，毒药→__________adj.有毒的 26．__________ n．化学制品 adj.化学的；化学作用的→__________n．化学 →__________n．化学家 27．__________ n．结果，后果；重要性→__________adj.随之发生的→__________adv.因此；结果 28．__________ adj.更多的，更进一步的 adv.较远，更远；进一步 vt.促进，增进→__________adj.& adv.远的(地)→__________adj.& adv.更远的/地→__________adj.& adv.最远的/地 29．__________ n．& vt.伤害，损害→__________adj.有害的→__________adj.无害的 30．__________ n．长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长→__________adj.长的→__________v．加长 31．__________ n．不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体→__________v．变化→__________adj.各种不同的，各种各样的 32．__________ vi.生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难→__________n．幸存；生还→__________n．幸存者 33．__________ vi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪→__________n．消失→__________vi.出现 34．__________ n．农业，农学→__________adj.农业的；农艺的 1．__________相应地，转而；轮流，依次 2．__________使分解(为)，使变化(成) 3．__________给……带来起色，注入活力 4．__________由于，因为 5．__________逐渐增加，扩大 6．__________想出，想到 7．__________ (公开)要求；需要 8．__________突然记起(或想到) 9．__________摆脱，丢弃，扔掉 10．__________使发生(或存在)；引起 11．__________报名 12．__________保护；为……做解释或辩护 1． 倍数表达法 With an area of around 6 million square kilometres，the Amazon rainforest is ____________________. 亚马孙雨林的面积约为600万平方千米，比中国国土面积的一半还要大。 2． 完全倒装 _______________ the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.(完全倒装) 在那上面是阴暗森林地表厚实的落叶层。 3． While 引导让步状语从句 ___________________，they are only one element of this forest’s food chain. 尽管相当多的美洲豹在这里生存，但它们只是这个雨林食物链的一环。 4． 省略 Some call for the application of modern technology，and____________. (省略) 一些人呼吁应用现代技术，另一些人呼吁改变生活方式。 5． so＋助动词＋主语 As the human population continues to grow，_________________. 随着人口的持续增长，我们对动物的影响也在不断增加。 6． even though引导让步状语从句 We’ve been taking various measures，including the use of new technologies，to reduce pollution in the production process，______________________________. 我们一直在采取各种各样的措施，包括新科技手段的运用，来减少生产过程中产生的污染，尽管这些措施会增加我们的生产成本。 单词拼写 1．The more we know about this lovely animal, the greater the chance it will s (幸存) and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come. 2．The value of life doesn’t depend on its (长度), but on how much meaning we put into it. 3．Chongqing No.1 Secondary school offers students a v (不同种类) of clubs and activities. 4．No one was injured in the earthquake, but the building was completely d . 5．The sudden change in weather can (影响) your mood. 6．The number of these animals has been declining for decades, pushing the species to the edge of (灭绝). 7．Modern a has developed rapidly with farmers applying AI technology to their daily work, greatly increasing crop production. 8．The Antarctic is the coldest c in the world, with temperatures often below -40℃. 9．Their latest product is aimed at the (大众的) market. 10．His (申请) for membership of the organization was refused. 11．In our office, Jim is an (绝对地) brilliant expert in computers, and he always solves the complex problems in a few minutes. 12．If (维持) over the long term, bad habits can become a serious health risk.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 13．It’s hard to (追踪) the blue whale, which has almost been killed off by commercial whaling and is now listed as an endangered species. 14．The UN has five (官方的) working languages, which are Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish. 15．At present, some people are making a p (利润) by releasing (发布) videos on social media. Some of them are useful for our life. 16．The government has taken measures to promote (经济的) development in rural areas. 17．The company developed a series of new s (策略) in the hope of increasing its sales. 18．Her father was the (先前的) editor of the Saturday Review. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 19．He is too frightened to take a step f to look at the lake down the high cliff. 20．People say one man’s meat is another man’s p (毒素；毒药), but I feel at home with food from both my cultures. 单句语法填空 1．To meet the country’s carbon neutrality (碳中和) commitment, China’s (inform) technology companies should set a goal of sourcing 100 percent renewable energy by 2030. 2．More details on Philip’s funeral arrangements are expected (confirm) by Buckingham Palace on Saturday, according to a royal source. 3．The young girl ran down the (stair), and went out of the building, disappearing in the dark street very soon. 4．A great decline in young workforce is likely (occur) in China. 5．Hearing the news, my immediate (react) was one of shock. 6．News of their safety came as a great (relieve). 7．Traffic lights are there to guide traffic in an (order) way. 8．We hope it can arouse students’ (aware) of water crisis. 9．What they expected to be the (remove) of a small lump turned out to be major surgery. 10．I fell in love with it (instant) and continued with ballet dancing for about ten years. 11．She arranged the shipping of her furniture to England. 12．Biological systems have been doing this for (billion) of years. 13．Voters approved the plan by a narrow (major). 14．Stones rolled the hill during the landslide. 15．We must strengthen our unity the face of powerful enemies. 16． is often the case, the voters are possibly taken advantage of by the organizers for commercial. 17．They are required to process the food that we eat, to recover from (injure) and for several other bodily functions. 18．Nancy’s first reaction the news was a strange mixture of joy and anger. 19．He was desperately eager to be back after more than a week's (absent) from school. 20．Once published, his new novel became hit among the teenagers. 21．The policeman signalled him (turn) left by waving his hand towards the left. 22． our relief, most children have access to good education. 23．The change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning (signal) that we really have changed our planet. 24．The car accident resulted in a serious head . The driver was severely and rushed to the hospital. The other vehicle’s faulty brakes several passengers as well. (injure) 25．He was unable to contain his own (destruct) feelings. 26．Pressure from school, family, and friends can be (destroy). More and more often, we see a rise in the number of students facing emotional and psychological challenges. 27．What’s your (react) to the method of expanding vocabulary? 28．It never occurred her to pick up a skill while playing with them. 29．On arriving at the kindergarten, Mary picked up her daughter and (hug) her tight. 30．Experts warn of a potential stock market (bubble). 31． (celebrate) the Lantern Festival, we decorate our windows with balloons and posters. 32．Yunnan Using a new technology, this innovative product has the potential (turn) potatoes into a widely accepted staple food in China helping improve the country’s food security. 33．Due to (curious), he squeezed himself into the crowd to see what had happened. 34．Students showed interest in the astronaut’s spacewalk, demonstrating healthy about space technology. (curious) 35．As it was raining heavily, the farmers helplessly watched the crops (flood). 36．All the dishes in the menu, unless stated, will serve two to three people. 37．The government’s promise that there would be no new taxes this year (break). 38．Thanks to a new academic project, hundreds of pieces of oracle bones (甲骨文) that have been kept in the warehouse of a top university in Jiangsu province now have the chance to be decoded more than one century after (unearth). 39．In the     (distant), the sky was beginning to brighten. 40．My friend warned me the street-side cafe might be disappointing, but its fresh cakes, warm staff, and cheap drinks were completely our expectations. 41．She lives at a from the school. (distant)   42．It’s the first time that the most active volcano in the world, Mauna Loa in Hawaii, (erupt) in almost 40 years. 43．The company (export) dried ginkgo leaves worth more than 42 million yuan since the last 11 months. 44．With the main office (locate) in the city centre, the company can easily be connected with its customers. 45．You will have, fantastic eating experience with the flavor of juicy meatballs (erupt) your mouth. 46．The pain in her knee became (bear) after hours of hiking, forcing her to stop and seek medical help. 47．The poet’s clever use of various (pattern) added depth and richness to her work. 48．Xi’an, an ancient capital of China, has secured a place among the most popular (destination) for the enchanting appeal. 49．Devoted to (unearth) the secret of nature, the young scientist has little time for entertainment. 50．The old farmer’s white hair contrasts (sharp) with his dark skin. 选词填空 用方框中短语的适当形式填空，有一个短语是多余的。 burst into   be exposed to   turn down   appeal to   flock to   consist of involve in   a chain of      sort out     in a flash    get rid of    at random rather than   apologize for   a household name   make an attempt 1．The audience laughter because of a slip of the tongue from the host. 2．It is better to read a few books carefully than to read many . 3．The coastal city is the place people used to for business, vacation and to gain an “experience”. 4．This is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. You should never the chance to be on the stage. 5．It’s impossible the bad habit once you become addicted. 6．It will take him years the math problem. 7．Leave me out of it. I don’t want to get this messy situation. 8．Their support is spiritual physical. 9．Being , the director is still modest about his achievements. 10．The weekend seemed to be over . 11．Fyodor Dostoevsky literature from an early age and had already published a novel by the time he was 25 years of age. 12．I think you should your rude remarks, not just to him, but to us all. 13．The lecture delivered by Prof Yang was so fascinating that it young listeners in the auditorium. 14．Education way more than just tests and lectures. 15．The scholars refused to justify the theory. 完成句子 1．在会上，我们依次发言，所以大家都有机会表达自己的观点。 In the meeting, we spoke turn, so everyone had a chance to voice their views. 2．只有学会和自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生动物和地球的威胁。 Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature . 3．她一直在等待西蒙打破他们之间的隔阂。 She had been waiting for Simon to break the barrier between them. 4．锻炼不仅能增强我们的身体，而且还能让我们有时间放松和清新我们的大脑，使我们更快更长久地记住东西。(not only 位于句首) , but also it provides us with time to relax and refresh our mind, making us memorize things faster and longer. 5．政府不遗余力的帮助了那些家园遭受破坏的人们。(effort, whose引导的定语从句) The government to help people . 6．我发现很难在梦想和生活之间找到平衡，尤其是我的学业，由于长时间的训练以及随之而来的精神高度紧张，我的学业日渐退步。 I find it challenging to balance between my dream and my life, especially my schoolwork, which of training and . 7．大约两小时后，我们都到了山顶。尽管上气不接下气了，但我们看到了美丽的风景。 About 2 hours later, we all reached the mountain top. , we were rewarded with beautiful scenery. 8．当你到达北京时，你可以提前在网上订票，并记得穿舒适的鞋子。（when引导省略时间状语从句） , you can book your ticket online ahead of time and remember to wear comfortable shoes. 9．非现金支付降低了丢钱的风险，而且我们在购物时不用现金可能会觉得更安全。(when引导省略的时间状语从句) Non-cash Payment reduces the risk of losing money, and we are likely to feel safer without cash . 10．至于具体措施，首先，在参观历史遗迹时，我们应该遵守规则，避免破坏文化遗产。（while引导省略时间状语从句） As for the specific measures, first, , we should follow the rules to avoid destroying cultural heritage. 11．当谈及在世界上留下巨大影响的著名人物时，袁隆平立刻浮现在脑海中。 renowned personalities who have left a great influence on the world, Yuan Longping . 12．最让我感兴趣的是，这些可爱的鲸鱼会唱歌。（that引导的表语从句） What interests me most . 13．危机时刻，清晰且灵活的战略对生存至关重要。 In times of crisis, is crucial for survival. 14．更糟糕的是，网瘾还会损害你与家人的关系。所以我认为是时候改掉这个坏习惯了。(it is high time 引导虚拟语气) To make things worse, Internet addiction can also damage the relationship between you and your family. So I think . 15．最吸引我的是图书馆，在那里我可以获得各种资源。(where引导定语从句) What attracts me most is the library, . ( 9 / 9 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Unit 1 Nature in the balance (词汇句型基础题型100题) 01 重点单词 02 重点短语 03 经典句型 04 基础题型专练 1．__________ n．地区，区域；行政区 2．__________ n．大量；团，块，堆；一大群 adj.大批的，广泛的 3．__________ adj.高大的，高耸的；出色的 4．__________ adj.活着的，活的；在使用的 n．生计，谋生；生活方式 5．__________ n．影响，作用；撞击，冲撞 vi.& vt.有影响；冲击 6．__________ vt.& n．损害，伤害，损坏，破坏 7．__________ vt.& vi.跟踪，追踪 n．足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线 8．__________ vi.反对，抗议 vt.反对；坚持声称，申辩 n．抗议，反对 9．__________ n．利润，收益；好处 vi.& vt.获益，得到好处 10．__________ n．过程，进程；步骤，流程 vt.加工，处理 11．__________ n．(政府或机构)部门；分部；树枝；支流；分支 12．__________ n．策略，行动计划；策划，部署 13．__________ vt.回收利用，再利用 14．__________ adj.昔日的，前任的；以前的，从前的 15．__________ n．官员，要员 adj.公务的；正式的，官方的 16．__________ n．贫穷，贫困；贫乏 17．__________ n．灭绝，绝种→__________adj.灭绝的，绝种的 18．__________ adj.全球的；全面的→__________n．球体；地球 19．__________ n．应用，运用；申请→__________v．应用；申请；涂；有关；运用→__________n．申请人 20．__________ n．组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理→__________vt.组织→__________n．组织者→__________adj.有组织的；有条理的 21．__________ adv.绝对地，完全地；极其→__________adj.绝对的，完全的 22．__________ adv.完全地，全部地，完整地→__________adj.完全的 23．__________n.辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守→__________vt.保护；防御；辩白→__________adj.防御性的；自我保护的 24．__________ adj.经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的→__________adj.节约的；经济的→__________n．经济→__________n．经济学家→__________n．经济学 25．__________ vt.污染；毒死，毒害 n．毒物，毒药→__________adj.有毒的 26．__________ n．化学制品 adj.化学的；化学作用的→__________n．化学 →__________n．化学家 27．__________ n．结果，后果；重要性→__________adj.随之发生的→__________adv.因此；结果 28．__________ adj.更多的，更进一步的 adv.较远，更远；进一步 vt.促进，增进→__________adj.& adv.远的(地)→__________adj.& adv.更远的/地→__________adj.& adv.最远的/地 29．__________ n．& vt.伤害，损害→__________adj.有害的→__________adj.无害的 30．__________ n．长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长→__________adj.长的→__________v．加长 31．__________ n．不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体→__________v．变化→__________adj.各种不同的，各种各样的 32．__________ vi.生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难→__________n．幸存；生还→__________n．幸存者 33．__________ vi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪→__________n．消失→__________vi.出现 34．__________ n．农业，农学→__________adj.农业的；农艺的 【答案】1．region2．mass 3．towering4．living 5．impact6．damage 7．track 8．protest 9．profit 10．process 11．branch 12．strategy 13．recycle 14．former 15．official 16．poverty17．extinction ,extinct18．global . globe 19．application ,apply, applicant20．organization ,organize, organizer ,organized 21．absolutely,absolute22．entirely , entire 23.defence/ defense, defend,defensive24．economic, economical, economy, economist, economics 25．poison,poisonous26．chemical, chemistry, chemist27．consequence, consequent, consequently 28．further, far ,farther, furthest/farthest29．harm ,harmful, harmless30．length ,long, lengthen31．variety ,vary, various 32．survive, survival, survivor33．disappear,disappearance,appear34．agriculture, agricultural 1．__________相应地，转而；轮流，依次 2．__________使分解(为)，使变化(成) 3．__________给……带来起色，注入活力 4．__________由于，因为 5．__________逐渐增加，扩大 6．__________想出，想到 7．__________ (公开)要求；需要 8．__________突然记起(或想到) 9．__________摆脱，丢弃，扔掉 10．__________使发生(或存在)；引起 11．__________报名 12．__________保护；为……做解释或辩护 【答案】1.in turn 2. break down 3. breathe life into 4. due to 5. build up 6. come up with 7. call for 8. spring to mind 9. get rid of 10. give rise to 11. sign up 12. in defence of 1． 倍数表达法 With an area of around 6 million square kilometres，the Amazon rainforest is ____________________. 亚马孙雨林的面积约为600万平方千米，比中国国土面积的一半还要大。 2． 完全倒装 _______________ the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.(完全倒装) 在那上面是阴暗森林地表厚实的落叶层。 3． While 引导让步状语从句 ___________________，they are only one element of this forest’s food chain. 尽管相当多的美洲豹在这里生存，但它们只是这个雨林食物链的一环。 4． 省略 Some call for the application of modern technology，and____________. (省略) 一些人呼吁应用现代技术，另一些人呼吁改变生活方式。 5． so＋助动词＋主语 As the human population continues to grow，_________________. 随着人口的持续增长，我们对动物的影响也在不断增加。 6． even though引导让步状语从句 We’ve been taking various measures，including the use of new technologies，to reduce pollution in the production process，______________________________. 我们一直在采取各种各样的措施，包括新科技手段的运用，来减少生产过程中产生的污染，尽管这些措施会增加我们的生产成本。 【答案】1. more than half the size of China 2. Above that is 3. While a significant number of jaguars survive here 4. others a change of lifestyle 5. so does the effect we have on animals 6. even though these measures raise our production costs 单词拼写 1．The more we know about this lovely animal, the greater the chance it will s (幸存) and keep its place in the natural world for a long time to come. 【答案】survive 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们对这种可爱的动物了解得越多，它幸存下来并在未来很长一段时间里在自然界保有一席之地的机会就越大。“幸存”在定语从句中作谓语，结合首字母提示，用动词survive，助动词will后接动词原形。故填survive。 2．The value of life doesn’t depend on its (长度), but on how much meaning we put into it. 【答案】length 【详解】考查名词。句意：生命的价值并不取决于其长度，而在于我们赋予其多少意义。表示“长度”使用名词length，作宾语，故填length。 3．Chongqing No.1 Secondary school offers students a v (不同种类) of clubs and activities. 【答案】variety 【详解】考查名词。句意：重庆市第一中学为学生提供各种各样的俱乐部和活动。根据首字母v及汉语提示“不同种类”可知，本空用名词variety，a variety of为固定短语，表示“各种各样的”。故填variety。 4．No one was injured in the earthquake, but the building was completely d . 【答案】destroyed/damaged 【详解】考查动词和语态。句意：地震中没有人受伤，但建筑物被完全摧毁/损坏了。根据“in the earthquake”和“but the building was completely”可推知，句中表示建筑物被摧毁或损坏，结合首字母提示，应用动词destroy或damage作谓语，与主语“the building”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词构成一般过去时的被动语态was destroyed/damaged。故填destroyed/damaged。 5．The sudden change in weather can (影响) your mood. 【答案】affect/influence/impact 【详解】考查动词。句意：天气的突然变化可能会对你的情绪产生影响。can是情态动词，空格处用动词原形，“影响”的动词是affect/influence/impact，故填affect/influence/impact。 6．The number of these animals has been declining for decades, pushing the species to the edge of (灭绝). 【答案】extinction 【详解】考查名词。句意：这些动物的数量几十年来持续下降，将该物种推向了灭绝的边缘。根据句意和汉语提示“灭绝”，且空前为介词of，介词后需接名词作宾语，可知空处应填名词extinction“灭绝”；the edge of extinction 为固定搭配，意为“灭绝的边缘”。故填extinction。 7．Modern a has developed rapidly with farmers applying AI technology to their daily work, greatly increasing crop production. 【答案】agriculture 【详解】考查名词。句意：随着农民将人工智能技术应用到日常工作中，现代农业发展迅速，农作物产量大幅提高。根据首字母和句意可知，此空应填名词agriculture，表“农业”，为不可数名词，在句中作主语，符合句意。故填agriculture。 8．The Antarctic is the coldest c in the world, with temperatures often below -40℃. 【答案】climate/ 【详解】考查名词。句意：南极洲是世界上最冷的气候区，气温常低于零下40摄氏度。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用名词climate“气候”，作表语。故填climate。 9．Their latest product is aimed at the (大众的) market. 【答案】mass 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们的最新产品瞄准了大众市场。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“大众的”应用形容词mass，mass market，为固定搭配，意为“大众市场”，符合语境。故填mass。 10．His (申请) for membership of the organization was refused. 【答案】application 【详解】考查名词。句意：他加入该组织的申请被驳回了。空处作主语，且被his修饰，名词application“申请”符合题意。故填application。 11．In our office, Jim is an (绝对地) brilliant expert in computers, and he always solves the complex problems in a few minutes. 【答案】absolutely 【详解】考查副词。句意：在我们公司里，吉姆是位极其出色的计算机专家，他总能在短短几分钟内解决那些复杂的难题。根据汉语提示可知用副词absolutely，修饰形容词brilliant。故填absolutely。 12．If (维持) over the long term, bad habits can become a serious health risk.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】maintained 【详解】考查动词。句意：如果长期保持坏习惯，会对健康构成严重威胁。表示“维持”用动词maintained，此处为if引导的条件状语从句的省略，完整的从句为if bad habits are maintained over the long term，从句主语和主句主语一致，且含有are，因此省略从句的主语和are，保留过去分词maintained。故填maintained。 13．It’s hard to (追踪) the blue whale, which has almost been killed off by commercial whaling and is now listed as an endangered species. 【答案】track 【详解】考查动词。句意：蓝鲸很难被追踪，这种鲸鱼几乎已经被商业捕鲸活动捕杀殆尽，如今被列为濒危物种。根据中文提示“追踪”可知，用动词track；用动词原形与前面to构成不定式。故填track。 14．The UN has five (官方的) working languages, which are Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish. 【答案】official 【详解】考查形容词。句意：联合国有五种官方工作语言，分别是中文、英文、法文、俄文和西班牙文。根据汉语提示“官方的”可知，本空用形容词official，修饰working languages，作前置定语。故填official。 15．At present, some people are making a p (利润) by releasing (发布) videos on social media. Some of them are useful for our life. 【答案】profit/ 【详解】考查名词。句意：目前，一些人通过在社交媒体上发布视频来获利。其中一些对我们的生活是有用的。“利润”作宾语，结合首字母提示，用名词profit，有不定冠词a修饰，用单数形式。故填profit。 16．The government has taken measures to promote (经济的) development in rural areas. 【答案】economic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：政府已经采取措施促进农村地区的经济发展。根据汉语提示“经济的”可知，此处用形容词economic，在句中作定语修饰名词development。故填economic。 17．The company developed a series of new s (策略) in the hope of increasing its sales. 【答案】strategies 【详解】考查名词。句意：该公司制定了一系列新的策略，旨在提高其销售额。根据中英文提示可知用名词strategy，根据上文a series of可知为复数。故填strategies。 18．Her father was the (先前的) editor of the Saturday Review. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】previous 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她父亲曾是《星期六评论》的前任主编。根据汉语提示“先前的”可知，此处需用形容词previous/former，作定语修饰名词editor。故填previous。 19．He is too frightened to take a step f to look at the lake down the high cliff. 【答案】further 【详解】考查副词。句意：他吓得不敢再往前走一步，去看高耸悬崖下方的湖泊。根据句意“更进一步地、再往前地”和首字母可知，此处为副词further，修饰动词短语take a step。故填further。 20．People say one man’s meat is another man’s p (毒素；毒药), but I feel at home with food from both my cultures. 【答案】poison 【详解】考查名词。句意：人们常说，甲之熊掌，乙之砒霜，但两种文化的美食我都觉得自在。根据中英文提示，表示“毒素；毒药”应用名词poison，在句中作表语。故填poison。 单句语法填空 1．To meet the country’s carbon neutrality (碳中和) commitment, China’s (inform) technology companies should set a goal of sourcing 100 percent renewable energy by 2030. 【答案】information 【详解】考查名词。句意：为了实现国家的碳中和承诺，中国的信息技术公司应该设定一个到2030年100%采购可再生能源的目标。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用名词information，修饰名词technology，作定语，表示“信息技术”。故填information。 2．More details on Philip’s funeral arrangements are expected (confirm) by Buckingham Palace on Saturday, according to a royal source. 【答案】to be confirmed 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：据王室消息人士透露，有关菲利普亲王葬礼安排的更多细节预计将于周六由白金汉宫确认。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定用法be expected to do sth.意为“预计……”，所以此处应为不定式形式作补语，且confirm与逻辑主语more details之间为被动关系，所以此处使用不定式的被动形式。故填to be confirmed。 3．The young girl ran down the (stair), and went out of the building, disappearing in the dark street very soon. 【答案】stairs 【详解】考查可数名词的单复数。句意：年轻女孩跑下楼梯，走出大楼，很快消失在黑暗的街道上。stair意为“楼梯”，为可数名词，根据ran down可知，此处应用复数形式表示泛指。故填stairs。 4．A great decline in young workforce is likely (occur) in China. 【答案】to occur 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：中国年轻劳动力可能大幅减少。be likely to do sth表示“可能做某事”是固定搭配，故用动词不定式。故填to occur。 5．Hearing the news, my immediate (react) was one of shock. 【答案】reaction 【详解】考查名词。句意：听到这个消息，我的第一反应是震惊。作主语，应用名词reaction，结合was可知为单数。故填reaction。 6．News of their safety came as a great (relieve). 【答案】relief 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们平安的消息传来，使他们大大地松了一口气。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，relieve的名词为relief为不可数名词，且空前有不定冠词a，此处为抽象名词具体化，表示“一件让人轻松的事”。故填relief。 7．Traffic lights are there to guide traffic in an (order) way. 【答案】orderly/ordered 【详解】考查形容词。句意：红绿灯是用来引导交通秩序的。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词way，order的形容词为orderly或ordered意为“组织有序的”符合句意。故填orderly/ordered。 8．We hope it can arouse students’ (aware) of water crisis. 【答案】awareness 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们希望它能唤起学生对水危机的意识。分析句子可知，空处作arouse的宾语，用名词，aware对应的名词为awareness，此处为不可数名词。故填awareness。 9．What they expected to be the (remove) of a small lump turned out to be major surgery. 【答案】removal 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们所期望的是切除一个小肿块，结果却是一个大手术。设空处前有the修饰，根据句意可知，应用名词作表语，根据提示词可知是removal，不可数名词，故填removal。 10．I fell in love with it (instant) and continued with ballet dancing for about ten years. 【答案】instantly 【详解】考查副词。句意：我立刻就爱上了它，并继续跳了大约十年的芭蕾舞。修饰动词短语fell in love with应用副词instantly，作状语。故填instantly。 11．She arranged the shipping of her furniture to England. 【答案】for 【详解】考查介词。句意：她安排把她的家具运到英国。固定搭配arrange for sth“安排某事”。故填for。 12．Biological systems have been doing this for (billion) of years. 【答案】billions 【详解】考查名词。句意：数十亿年来，生物系统一直在这样做。分析句子结构可知，此处应为固定短语billions of修饰名词years，意为“数十亿的”符合句意，所以此处使用名词复数形式。故填billions。 13．Voters approved the plan by a narrow (major). 【答案】majority 【详解】考查名词。句意：选民以微弱多数通过了该计划。空处用于不定冠词a以及形容词narrow之后，应用名词majority，表示“大多数”，a narrow majority表示“微弱多数”，作介词by的宾语，符合题意。故填majority。 14．Stones rolled the hill during the landslide. 【答案】down 【详解】考查介词。句意：山体滑坡时，石头从山上滚落。结合语意可知，句子表示石头从山上滚落，空处应用短语roll down，表示“滚落”，符合题意。故填down。 15．We must strengthen our unity the face of powerful enemies. 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：面对强大的敌人，我们必须加强团结。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用介词短语in the face of“面对”。故填in。 16． is often the case, the voters are possibly taken advantage of by the organizers for commercial. 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：投票者可能会被组织者利用来做广告，这是常有的事。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句内容，关系词在从句中作主语，表示“正如……那样”，应用关系代词as，as引导定语从句时位置较灵活，as is often the case情况常常如此，这是常有的事，首字母应大写。故填As。 17．They are required to process the food that we eat, to recover from (injure) and for several other bodily functions. 【答案】injury 【详解】考查名词。句意：人们需要它们处理我们吃的食物、恢复伤痛、以及其他一些有益于身体的功能。空处应填名词作介词from的宾语，injury“损伤，伤害”，用作不可数名词。故填injury。 18．Nancy’s first reaction the news was a strange mixture of joy and anger. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：南希听到这个消息的第一反应是既高兴又生气。the reaction to是固定短语，意为“对……的反应”，因此空格处用介词to，故填to。 19．He was desperately eager to be back after more than a week's (absent) from school. 【答案】absence 【详解】考查名词。句意：他离校一个多星期以后，回校之心甚切。a week's是名词所有格，其后应用名词，absence是不可数名词。故填absence。 20．Once published, his new novel became hit among the teenagers. 【答案】a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：他的新小说一出版就在青少年中引起轰动。泛指“一次轰动”，且hit 发音是以辅音音素开头的词，用不定冠词a，所以填a。 21．The policeman signalled him (turn) left by waving his hand towards the left. 【答案】to turn 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：警察向左边挥手示意他左转。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语signal sb. to do sth.“示意某人做某事”，此处不定式为宾语补足语。故填to turn。 22． our relief, most children have access to good education. 【答案】To 【详解】考查固定短语和介词。句意：令我们欣慰的是，大多数孩子都能接受良好的教育。to one's relief“令人欣慰的是”，是固定短语，置句首单词首字母大写，故填To。 23．The change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning (signal) that we really have changed our planet. 【答案】signals 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：海洋颜色的变化将是早期预警信号之一，表明我们真的改变了我们的星球。signal是可数名词，one of后常接可数名词的复数形式，表示“……之一”，故此处用复数形式。故填signals。 24．The car accident resulted in a serious head . The driver was severely and rushed to the hospital. The other vehicle’s faulty brakes several passengers as well. (injure) 【答案】 injury injured injured 【详解】考查名词、形容词和时态。句意：这场车祸导致严重的头部受伤。司机伤势严重，被紧急送往医院。另一辆车的故障刹车也致使几名乘客受伤。第一个空格前有形容词serious和名词head，需要填入名词作resulted in的宾语。injure的名词形式是injury，意为“损伤；伤害”，head injury是固定搭配，表“头部受伤”。应填injury。第二个空格前有系动词was，且空格前有副词severely修饰，需要填入形容词injured作表语，表示“受伤的”。应填injured。第三个空格作谓语动词，句子描述的是车祸发生时的过去事实，应用一般过去时，injure的过去式为injured。应填injured。故填injury；injured；injured。 25．He was unable to contain his own (destruct) feelings. 【答案】destructive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他无法克制自己的破坏性情绪。空处修饰名词feelings，提示词的形容词destructive“破坏性的”符合题意。故填destructive。 26．Pressure from school, family, and friends can be (destroy). More and more often, we see a rise in the number of students facing emotional and psychological challenges. 【答案】destructive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：来自学校、家庭和朋友的压力可能是毁灭性的。我们越来越多地看到面临情绪和心理困扰的学生数量在上升。空处需填入形容词作表语，动词destroy的形容词形式为destructive，意为“毁灭性的、极具破坏力的”。故填destructive。 27．What’s your (react) to the method of expanding vocabulary? 【答案】reaction 【详解】考查名词。句意：你对扩大词汇量的方法有什么反应？空处用于形容词性物主代词your之后，作表语，表示“反应”，应用名词reaction，由空前be动词is可知，需用单数形式。故填reaction。 28．It never occurred her to pick up a skill while playing with them. 【答案】to 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：她从来没有想过在和它们一起玩的时候能学到一项技能。固定句型it occurred/occurs to sb. to do sth.，意为“某人忽然想到要做某事”。故填to。 29．On arriving at the kindergarten, Mary picked up her daughter and (hug) her tight. 【答案】hugged 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：一到幼儿园，玛丽就抱起女儿，紧紧地拥抱了她。hug(抱)是谓语动词，与主语Mary之间是主动关系，结合句意和并列谓语动词“picked up”可知，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态。故填hugged。 30．Experts warn of a potential stock market (bubble). 【答案】bubble 【详解】考查名词。句意：专家警告潜在的股市泡沫。此处为名词作宾语，“bubble”表示“泡沫”，为宾语中心词，为可数名词，根据空前有不定冠词“a”修饰可知，应用其单数形式。故填bubble。 31． (celebrate) the Lantern Festival, we decorate our windows with balloons and posters. 【答案】To celebrate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝元宵节，我们用气球和海报装饰窗户。句首用不定式To celebrate作目的状语，表达“为了庆祝”的含义，故填To celebrate。 32．Yunnan Using a new technology, this innovative product has the potential (turn) potatoes into a widely accepted staple food in China helping improve the country’s food security. 【答案】to turn 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：云南采用一项新技术，这种创新产品有潜力将土豆变成中国广泛接受的主食，有助于提高国家的粮食安全。have the potential to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“有做某事的潜力”，所以此处用动词不定式to turn作后置定语。故填to turn。 33．Due to (curious), he squeezed himself into the crowd to see what had happened. 【答案】curiosity 【详解】考查名词。句意：由于好奇，他挤进人群，想看看发生了什么事。分析可知，空前“to”为介词，所填应是名词，作其宾语。“curious”，形容词，意为“好奇的”，其名词形式为“curiosity(好奇心)”。故填curiosity。 34．Students showed interest in the astronaut’s spacewalk, demonstrating healthy about space technology. (curious) 【答案】 curious curiosity 【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：学生们对宇航员的太空行走表现出浓厚的兴趣，显示出他们对空间技术的健康的好奇心。第一空，空格处应用形容词，作定语，修饰名词interest，curious意为“好奇的”符合题意；第二空，空格处应用名词，作demonstrating的宾语，curiosity意为“好奇心”，为不可数名词。故填①curious②curiosity。 35．As it was raining heavily, the farmers helplessly watched the crops (flood). 【答案】being flooded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于雨下得很大，农民们眼睁睁地看着庄稼被淹。空处作宾语补足语，结合“As it was raining heavily”可知，此处指农民们无助地看着庄稼“正在被淹没”，应用watch sb./sth. doing sth.表示“看某人/某物正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行，crops与flood“淹没”逻辑上是被动关系，因此用flood的现在分词被动语态。故填being flooded。 36．All the dishes in the menu, unless stated, will serve two to three people. 【答案】otherwise 【详解】考查副词。句意：菜单上所有的菜，除非另有说明，供两到三人食用。副词otherwise表示“在其他方面，另”。故填otherwise。 37．The government’s promise that there would be no new taxes this year (break). 【答案】has been broken 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：政府今年不会征收新税的承诺已经被违背了。句子的主语The government’s promise与谓语动词break之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；结合语境，承诺被违背的结果对现在造成了影响，应用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为have/has been+过去分词，主语为单数，助动词用has，break的过去分词为broken。故填has been broken。 38．Thanks to a new academic project, hundreds of pieces of oracle bones (甲骨文) that have been kept in the warehouse of a top university in Jiangsu province now have the chance to be decoded more than one century after (unearth). 【答案】being unearthed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：得益于一项新的学术项目，江苏省一所顶尖大学仓库中保存的数百块甲骨文碎片如今终于有机会在出土一个多世纪之后得到解读了。after为介词，后接动名词作宾语，且unearth“发掘”与逻辑主语hundreds of pieces of oracle bones是动宾关系，用动名词的被动式being unearthed。故填being unearthed。 39．In the     (distant), the sky was beginning to brighten. 【答案】distance 【详解】考查名词。句意：在远处，天开始亮起来了。根据“In the”可知，此空是名词distance，作宾语。in the distance是固定短语，意为“在远处”。故填distance。 40．My friend warned me the street-side cafe might be disappointing, but its fresh cakes, warm staff, and cheap drinks were completely our expectations. 【答案】beyond 【详解】考查介词。句意：我的朋友提醒我那家街边咖啡馆可能会让人失望，但它新鲜的蛋糕、热情的店员和便宜的饮品完全超出了我们的预期。分析句子结构可知，此空考查介词，结合前文“朋友提醒可能失望”与后文“实际有新鲜蛋糕、热情店员和便宜饮品”的对比，需体现“实际情况超出预期”的语义；beyond作为介词，有“超出……范围”的含义，beyond our expectations为固定搭配，意为“超出我们的预期”，符合语境。故填beyond。 41．She lives at a from the school. (distant)   【答案】distance 【详解】考查名词。句意：她住的地方离学校很远。根据at a可知，设空处使用distant的名词单数形式distance作宾语。故填distance。 42．It’s the first time that the most active volcano in the world, Mauna Loa in Hawaii, (erupt) in almost 40 years. 【答案】has erupted 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这是近40年来，世界上最活跃的火山夏威夷的莫纳罗亚火山首次喷发。It is the first time that...是固定句型，意为“这是第一次……”，that从句中要用现在完成时，主语Mauna Loa是单数，助动词用has。故填has erupted。 43．The company (export) dried ginkgo leaves worth more than 42 million yuan since the last 11 months. 【答案】has exported 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去11个月里，该公司已出口价值4200多万元的干银杏叶。根据后文since the last 11 months可知应用现在完成时，主语为the company，助动词用has。故填has exported。 44．With the main office (locate) in the city centre, the company can easily be connected with its customers. 【答案】located 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：公司的总办事处位于市中心，能很容易地与客户取得联系。本题考查“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构，在句中作状语。所以空处需要非谓语动词作宾语补足语。此处宾语是the main office，与locate之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填located。 45．You will have, fantastic eating experience with the flavor of juicy meatballs (erupt) your mouth. 【答案】erupting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你会有一个美妙的用餐体验，多汁的肉丸味道在你的嘴里迸发。此处是with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，宾语the flavor和动词erupt是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作宾语补足语。故填erupting。 46．The pain in her knee became (bear) after hours of hiking, forcing her to stop and seek medical help. 【答案】unbearable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：数小时的徒步旅行后，她膝盖上的疼痛变得难以忍受，迫使她停下来寻求医疗帮助。此处为形容词作表语，根据句意，此处为bear对应的形容词bearable的反义词unbearable意为“难以忍受的；承受不住的”符合句意。故填unbearable。 47．The poet’s clever use of various (pattern) added depth and richness to her work. 【答案】patterns 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：这位诗人对各种形式的巧妙运用为她的作品增添了深度和丰富性。根据空前的形容词various可知，空处应用可数名词复数形式，pattern“形式；模式”，是可数名词，其复数形式为patterns。故填patterns。 48．Xi’an, an ancient capital of China, has secured a place among the most popular (destination) for the enchanting appeal. 【答案】destinations 【详解】考查名词。句意：西安，中国的一座古都，凭借其迷人的魅力在最受欢迎的旅游目的地中占据了一席之地。destination表示“目的地，旅游目的地”，是可数名词，此处“among the most popular...”表示“在最受欢迎的…… 之中”，说明是多个目的地，所以要用复数形式。故填 destinations。 49．Devoted to (unearth) the secret of nature, the young scientist has little time for entertainment. 【答案】unearthing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：致力于揭示自然的秘密，这位年轻的科学家几乎没有时间娱乐。介词to后接动名词形式作宾语。故填unearthing。 50．The old farmer’s white hair contrasts (sharp) with his dark skin. 【答案】sharply 【详解】考查副词。句意：老农民的白发与他的黑皮肤形成鲜明对比。分析句子可知，设空处修饰动词contrasts，应用副词形式。所给词sharp的副词形式是sharply，意为“鲜明地”。故填sharply。 选词填空 用方框中短语的适当形式填空，有一个短语是多余的。 burst into   be exposed to   turn down   appeal to   flock to   consist of involve in   a chain of      sort out     in a flash    get rid of    at random rather than   apologize for   a household name   make an attempt 1．The audience laughter because of a slip of the tongue from the host. 2．It is better to read a few books carefully than to read many . 3．The coastal city is the place people used to for business, vacation and to gain an “experience”. 4．This is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. You should never the chance to be on the stage. 5．It’s impossible the bad habit once you become addicted. 6．It will take him years the math problem. 7．Leave me out of it. I don’t want to get this messy situation. 8．Their support is spiritual physical. 9．Being , the director is still modest about his achievements. 10．The weekend seemed to be over . 11．Fyodor Dostoevsky literature from an early age and had already published a novel by the time he was 25 years of age. 12．I think you should your rude remarks, not just to him, but to us all. 13．The lecture delivered by Prof Yang was so fascinating that it young listeners in the auditorium. 14．Education way more than just tests and lectures. 15．The scholars refused to justify the theory. 【答案】1．burst into 2．at random 3．flock to 4．turn down 5．to get rid of 6．to sort out 7．involved in 8．rather than 9．a household name 10．in a flash 11．was exposed to 12．apologize for 13．appealed to 14．consists of 15．to make an attempt 【解析】1．考查固定短语和时态。句意：由于主持人的口误，观众突然大笑起来。根据“laughter because of a slip of the tongue”可知，此处指观众因口误突然大笑，burst into laughter为固定短语，意为“突然大笑起来”。结合语境可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，burst的过去式为burst。故填burst into。 2．考查固定短语。句意：仔细读几本书比随意读很多书要好。根据“read a few books carefully than to read many”可知，此处指随意读书，at random为固定短语，意为“随意地”，符合语境。故填at random。 3．考查固定短语。句意：这座沿海城市是人们过去常去经商、度假和获取“体验”的地方。根据“for business, vacation”可知，此处指人们涌向这座城市，flock to为固定短语，意为“涌向”，used to后接动词原形。故填flock to。 4．考查固定短语。句意：这是千载难逢的机会。你绝不能拒绝登上舞台的机会。根据“a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity”可知，此处指不能拒绝机会，turn down为固定短语，意为“拒绝”，should后接动词原形。故填turn down。 5．考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：一旦你上瘾，就不可能改掉这个坏习惯。根据“the bad habit once you become addicted”可知，此处指改掉坏习惯，get rid of为固定短语，意为“摆脱；改掉”，该句It为形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式短语。故填to get rid of。 6．考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：他要花几年时间才能解决这道数学题。根据“the math problem”可知，此处指解决数学题，sort out为固定短语，意为“解决；整理”。It takes sb. some time to do sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”，此处用动词不定式。故填to sort out。 7．考查固定短语。句意：别把我算进去。我不想卷入这个混乱的局面。根据“this messy situation”可知，此处指卷入混乱局面，get involved in为固定短语，意为“卷入；参与”，符合语境。故填involved in。 8．考查固定短语。句意：他们的支持是精神上的，而不是物质上的。根据“spiritual”和“physical”可知，此处表示对比，rather than为固定短语，意为“而不是”，符合语境。故填rather than。 9．考查固定短语。句意：作为一个家喻户晓的人物，这位导演仍然对自己的成就很谦虚。根据“the director is still modest about his achievements”可知，此处指导演是家喻户晓的人物，a household name为固定短语，意为“家喻户晓的人物”，符合语境。故填a household name。 10．考查固定短语。句意：周末似乎一瞬间就结束了。根据“The weekend seemed to be over”可知，此处指周末结束得快，in a flash为固定短语，意为“一瞬间；立刻”，符合语境。故填in a flash。 11．考查固定短语和时态。句意：费奥多尔·陀思妥耶夫斯基从小就接触文学，25岁时就已经出版了一部小说。根据“literature from an early age”可知，此处指从小接触文学，be exposed to为固定短语，意为“接触；暴露于”。结合“from an early age”可知，句子应用一般过去时，主语Fyodor Dostoevsky为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was exposed to。 12．考查动词。句意：我认为你应该为你粗鲁的言论道歉，不仅是对他，也是对我们所有人。根据“your rude remarks”可知，此处指为粗鲁言论道歉，apologize for为固定短语，意为“为……道歉”，should后接动词原形。故填apologize for。 13．考查固定短语和时态。句意：杨教授的讲座非常吸引人，吸引了礼堂里的年轻听众。根据“so fascinating”可知，此处指讲座吸引年轻听众，appeal to为固定短语，意为“吸引”。结合“was”可知，句子应用一般过去时，appeal的过去式为appealed。故填appealed to。 14．考查固定短语和时态。句意：教育不仅仅包括考试和讲座。根据“way more than just tests and lectures”可知，此处指教育包括的内容，consist of为固定短语，意为“由……组成；包括”。句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语Education为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填consists of。 15．考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：学者们拒绝尝试为这一理论辩护。根据“to justify the theory”可知，此处指尝试辩护，make an attempt为固定短语，意为“尝试”。refuse to do sth.为固定用法，意为“拒绝做某事”，此处用动词不定式。故填to make an attempt。 完成句子 1．在会上，我们依次发言，所以大家都有机会表达自己的观点。 In the meeting, we spoke turn, so everyone had a chance to voice their views. 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词固定搭配。中英对比可知，空格部分需要表示“依次”，介词短语in turn意为“依次，轮流”符合句意，在句中作状语。故填in。 2．只有学会和自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生动物和地球的威胁。 Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature . 【答案】can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet 【详解】考查短语和倒装句。此处主语为we，且only when位于句首时用倒装句，将情态动词can提前；表示“停止正在做的事”用stop doing sth.；表示“成为……的威胁”短语为be a threat to；表示“野生动物”用名词wildlife；表示“地球”用our planet。故填can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet。 3．她一直在等待西蒙打破他们之间的隔阂。 She had been waiting for Simon to break the barrier between them. 【答案】down 【详解】考查动词短语的用法。根据句意，此处需用固定搭配break down表示“打破、消除（隔阂、障碍等）”，用来描述消除两人之间的隔阂这一动作。故填down。 4．锻炼不仅能增强我们的身体，而且还能让我们有时间放松和清新我们的大脑，使我们更快更长久地记住东西。(not only 位于句首) , but also it provides us with time to relax and refresh our mind, making us memorize things faster and longer. 【答案】Not only does exercise build up our body 【详解】考查倒装句和固定短语。表示“锻炼”用exercise，作主语；表示“增强”用build up，本句陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语为不可数名词，谓语也用第三人称单数builds up；表示“我们的身体”用our body，作宾语，根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；“不仅……而且……”用not only...but also...，为固定短语，not only位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，将助动词does提到主语exercise之前。故填Not only does exercise build up our body。 5．政府不遗余力的帮助了那些家园遭受破坏的人们。(effort, whose引导的定语从句) The government to help people . 【答案】 spared no effort to whose homes had been damaged 【详解】考查短语和定语从句。“不遗余力的做某事”用短语spare no effort to do sth.；句中先行词为people，在定语从句中作名词homes的定语，表示所属关系，所以用关系代词whose引导；“家园”用名词homes，“破坏”用动词damage，与homes之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。主句陈述过去事实，用一般过去时；定语从句中“家园遭受破坏”这个动作发生在“政府帮助” 之前，所以从句用过去完成时。故填spared no effort to; whose homes had been damaged。 6．我发现很难在梦想和生活之间找到平衡，尤其是我的学业，由于长时间的训练以及随之而来的精神高度紧张，我的学业日渐退步。 I find it challenging to balance between my dream and my life, especially my schoolwork, which of training and . 【答案】 has been worsening due to the long hours the consequent mental tension 【详解】考查动词、形容词、名词和介词短语。对比中英文可知，第一空表示“由于长时间……日渐退步”，“退步”可用动词worsen，时态宜用现在完成进行时，表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去，关系代词which代替先行词my schoolwork在从句中作主语，助动词应用has，“由于”可用介词短语due to，“长时间的”可用名词短语the long hours；第二空表示“随之而来的精神高度紧张”，“精神高度紧张”可用名词短语the mental tension，“随之而来的”可用形容词consequent，作定语。故填①has been worsening due to the long hours；②the consequent mental tension。 7．大约两小时后，我们都到了山顶。尽管上气不接下气了，但我们看到了美丽的风景。 About 2 hours later, we all reached the mountain top. , we were rewarded with beautiful scenery. 【答案】Though/Although (we were) out of breath/breathless 【详解】考查让步状语从句和短语。“尽管上气不接下气了”可处理为though/although引导的让步状语从句，从句主语是we，“上气不接下气”表达为be out of breath/be breathless，句子陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时，主语we是复数，be用were；当主从句主语一致，且从句含be时，可省略从句的主语和be。故填Though/Although (we were) out of breath/breathless。 8．当你到达北京时，你可以提前在网上订票，并记得穿舒适的鞋子。（when引导省略时间状语从句） , you can book your ticket online ahead of time and remember to wear comfortable shoes. 【答案】When arriving in Beijing 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略和动词短语。对比中英文可知，空处表示“当你到达北京时”，可用“when+非谓语动词”的固定用法，为when引导的时间状语从句的省略形式，“到达”可用动词短语arrive in，“北京”用名词Beijing，arrive和you逻辑上是主动关系，因此用arrive的现在分词形式。故填When arriving in Beijing。 9．非现金支付降低了丢钱的风险，而且我们在购物时不用现金可能会觉得更安全。(when引导省略的时间状语从句) Non-cash Payment reduces the risk of losing money, and we are likely to feel safer without cash . 【答案】when shopping 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。空处需要填入一个由when引导的省略的时间状语从句，根据句意可知设空处意思是“在购物时”，译为“when we are shopping”，在when状语从句中，当主句和从句的主语一致（或从句主语为it），且从句中有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，所以此处省略we are，保留现在分词shopping。故填when shopping。 10．至于具体措施，首先，在参观历史遗迹时，我们应该遵守规则，避免破坏文化遗产。（while引导省略时间状语从句） As for the specific measures, first, , we should follow the rules to avoid destroying cultural heritage. 【答案】while visiting historical relics 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。“在……时”使用while引导时间状语从句，从句主语“我们”we，“参观”visit，从句描述现在正在进行的动作，使用现在进行时，即are visiting，后接宾语“历史遗迹”historical relic，使用复数形式作宾语，while引导的状语从句中，从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词形式，则从句中的和be动词可以省略。故填while visiting historical relics。 11．当谈及在世界上留下巨大影响的著名人物时，袁隆平立刻浮现在脑海中。 renowned personalities who have left a great influence on the world, Yuan Longping . 【答案】 When it comes to immediately springs to mind 【详解】考查固定句型和动词短语。“当谈及……时”常用固定句型when it comes to...来表示，引导时间状语从句；“浮现在脑海中”可以用动词短语spring to mind来表示，作主句谓语，描述一般性事实用一般现在时态springs to mind；“立刻”作状语，用副词immediately修饰谓语。根据语境，这两个短语能够准确地表达句子的意思。故填When it comes to；immediately springs to mind。 12．最让我感兴趣的是，这些可爱的鲸鱼会唱歌。（that引导的表语从句） What interests me most . 【答案】is that these lovely whales can sing songs 【详解】考查表语从句。根据前文主语从句“What interests me most”可知，用一般现在时，谓语动词用单数，“是”用be动词is。表示“这些可爱的鲸鱼会唱歌”用that引导的表语从句，是主谓宾句型，为these lovely whales can sing songs。故填is that these lovely whales can sing songs。 13．危机时刻，清晰且灵活的战略对生存至关重要。 In times of crisis, is crucial for survival. 【答案】a clear and flexible strategy 【详解】考查形容词和名词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“清晰且灵活的战略”，“清晰且灵活的”用形容词作定语，“清晰”是clear，“灵活的”是flexible，“战略”是strategy，此处是一个战略，因此用单数，clear是辅音音素开头，前面加不定冠词a，故填a clear and flexible strategy。 14．更糟糕的是，网瘾还会损害你与家人的关系。所以我认为是时候改掉这个坏习惯了。(it is high time 引导虚拟语气) To make things worse, Internet addiction can also damage the relationship between you and your family. So I think . 【答案】it is high time that you should get/ got rid of this bad habit 【详解】考查固定句型和虚拟语气。表示“是时候做某事”句型为it is high time that；从句主语为you；表示“改掉”短语为get rid of；表示“这个坏习惯”为this bad habit。改句型中，从句为虚拟语气，谓语用过去式或者should+动词原形。故填it is high time that you should get/got rid of this bad habit。 15．最吸引我的是图书馆，在那里我可以获得各种资源。(where引导定语从句) What attracts me most is the library, . 【答案】where I can get access to various resources 【详解】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处为定语从句，修饰先行词the library，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导，“获得各种资源”译为get access to various resources，根据主句时态可知，从句用一般现在时。故填where I can get access to various resources。 ( 21 / 21 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $