精品解析：河南省平顶山市叶县高级中学2024-2025学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题

2024~2025学年下学期高二年级 3月月考 英语试题 全卷满分120分，考试时间 120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2. 请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3. 选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。 4. 考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。 5. 本卷主要考查内容：高考范围。 第一部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15 小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A WELCOME TO OUR LITTLE VILLAGE Our Mission Little Village is a nonprofit record company that seeks to shine the light of awareness on musicians who might not otherwise be heard, and in doing so further the belief that a life filled with diverse music builds empathy (同感), making for stronger communities and a better world. Our Story Jim Pugh’s work with well-known blues artists and top selling rock musicians has earned him many Grammy Awards platinum, and gold records. After 40 years in the music industry, the idea for Little Village came to Pugh after taking a step back and thinking about what meant most to him. Founded in 2015, Little Village is an arts non-profit that uses music as a tool to increase cross cultural understanding. Our day-to-day programming consists of recording and producing underground artists whose music has not yet been discovered outside their community. Through sharing multicultural music with American roots, we work to deepen understanding and promote empathy. Our Artists Little Village artists come from various communities and cultures but all share a common goal of exposing their music to audiences who they would not have otherwise reached. Little Village seeks out these previously undiscovered artists, and provides them with the tools to launch a successful album (专辑), at no cost to the artist. All proceeds from sales of the albums are given back to the artists as a way to promote artist agency and ownership of their work. Recording an artist helps them connect to their community, while providing Little Village with an opportunity to share their music with the world and win the artist acclaim (高度评价). For more information on our artists, click here please. 1. What is the focus of Little Village’s daily work? A. Promoting and supporting popular music. B. Recommending mainstream American music. C. Recording a new record for well-known musicians. D. Advocating musical diversity and understanding. 2. What can be learned from the text? A. Jim Pugh didn’t work with blues artists. B. Jim Pugh founded Little Village before 2015. C. Little Village has made a lot of money ever since. D. Little Village artists are from different communities. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A research report. B. A historical magazine. C. A music website. D. A job advertisement. B In 1925, a male sled (雪橇) dog named Balto led a 13-dog team through an extreme snowstorm during the final part of a 1,088-kilometre trip, bringing lifesaving medicine to the Alaskan city of Nome during an outbreak of the disease diphtheria (白喉), a serious and sometimes deadly infection. Balto was celebrated as a hero whose preserved body still stands at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History in the state of Ohio. Recently, scientists took DNA from Balto’s preserved body and studied it as part of a large project called Zoonomia. The massive study compares genetic information in different animals and humans. Balto belonged to a population of working sled dogs in Alaska, which was found to have greater genetic diversity and genetic health than modern dogs. When diphtheria spread, Nome’s port was blocked by ice. Sled dogs were the only way to get the important medicine there. Balto was one of 150 dogs that pulled sleds for parts of the 127-hour trip. During the trip, temperatures reached minus (零下) 45 degrees Celsius. Born in 1919, Balto was part of a population of sled dogs imported from Siberia, known as Siberian huskies (西伯利亚哈士奇). The study showed these dogs greatly differed from modern Siberian huskies, however. Balto had a body built for strength and not speed, which his breeder didn’t necessarily like. The breeder had the dog’s sex organs removed so he couldn’t produce young dogs. After the Alaska trip, Balto’s life was difficult. He was mistreated. A visiting Cleveland businessman saw Balto’s mistreatment and bought the dogs for $1,500 raised by the local community in Cleveland. In 1927, Balto and his seven co-runners were celebrated in Cleveland. They spent their rest lives cared for at the local Brookside Zoo. Balto died of natural causes in 1933. Kathleen Morrill, a scientist, said of Balto’s heroic mission, “These specialized dogs don’t know what they do has such gravity in people’s lives.” She added that the sled dogs’ genetic makeup “set them up to be the best animals for the job”. 4. What were sled dogs used to do during an outbreak of diphtheria? A. Look for the origin of this disease. B. Transport emergency medicines. C. Help patients go to hospital quickly. D. Discover the methods to cure the illness. 5. Which information about Balto matches the content of the text? A. The lifespan of Balto is about 14 years. B. Balto is the only survivor of the Alaska trip. C. Balto had many young babies in Cleveland. D. Respected in Alaska, Balto spent its rest life peacefully. 6. What can we conclude from the last paragraph? A. There must be a use for one’s talent. B. Fortune favours the prepared mind. C. A good dog deserves a good bone. D. A thousand mile trip begins with one step. 7. Which is a suitable title for the text? A. The Story of a Sled Dog B. The Long Cold Trip to the Alaskan City C. A Heroic Trip to Save a Dangerous City D. Sled Dog Hero Balto: a Good Dog with Great Genes C Gettysburg National Military Park was established in 1895, 32 years after the deadly battle. Gettysburg is the most-visited of the Civil War battlefields. Many visitors start their visit at the Gettysburg Museum of the Civil War. The museum has the world’s largest collection of Civil War objects. The museum has more than 1 million items, from soldiers’ private notebooks and uniforms to original maps of the battlefield. The museum also houses the Gettysburg cyclorama (风景画幕) painting, showing the final attack in the Battle of Gettysburg: Pickett’s Charge. George Pickett was a Confederate general. On July 3, 1863, he led a charge against stronger Union forces. It was a disaster for the Confederate soldiers. French artist Paul Phillippoteaux and a team of 20 artists created the painting in the 1880s. Phillippoteaux and his team visited the battlefield. It took more than one year for the huge painting to be complete. The cyclorama is 114 metres long and almost 13 metres tall. It has long been one of the most popular parts of the Gettysburg experience. But by the 1990s, the painting was in poor condition. Experts warned that if the cyclorama was not repaired, the painting could be lost. A restoration project began in 2003. The painting was cleaned and separated into its 14 parts, and later moved into the new centre. There, the original canvas (帆布) was sewn onto new cloth made in China. Park service officials say China was one of the few countries able to produce cloth in the sizes needed. Then each part was hung and sewn together. A team of cyclorama experts from Poland worked on the project in Gettysburg. The repair work of the Gettysburg Cyclorama marked one of the largest art conservation effort ever in North America. After the museum, tourists can visit the Soldiers’ National Cemetery, where many of the Union soldiers who died during the Battle of Gettysburg are buried. The cemetery was dedicated on November 19, 1863, the same day President Lincoln gave his “Gettysburg Address”. Historians agree that Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address defined Americans as a people who believed in freedom, democracy and equality. 8. What is displayed in the Gettysburg cyclorama painting? A. Several battlefield sites. B. Supplies during the American Civil War. C. The speech delivered by President Lincoln. D. The intense scene of the final battle of Gettysburg. 9. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The repair material for the project. B. The country producing the canvas. C. The key steps of the entire repair process. D. The comment of the park service officials. 10. Which country did the technical team for restoration come from? A. France. B. China. C. Poland. D. The US. 11. What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To tell a historical event. B. To introduce a travel destination. C. To explain American culture. D. To remember Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address. D A team at the University of California, Los Angeles developed a human-like robot that will take part in an international soccer competition. The name of the robot is ARTEMIS, which stands for Advanced Robotic Technology for Enhanced Mobility and Improved Stability. It stands 142 centimetres tall and weighs 38 kilogrammes. The researchers said ARTEMIS is one of only a few humanoid robots that can run. It can also jump and walk on different kinds of surfaces without losing its balance. The robot also can kick a ball and remain standing even when kicked or hit. The engineers who built the robot said it can walk at a speed of 2.1 metres per second. This could make ARTEMIS the world’s fastest walking humanoid robot. The team said the goal of the project was to create a robot that can perform many human-like activities, particularly playing the sport of soccer. To do this, engineers said they modeled the devices that control the robot after human muscles. ARTEMIS uses a series of sensors and cameras to help it move and position itself. Dennis Hong is a UCLA professor of engineering and the director of the university’s Robotics and Mechanisms Laboratory. He explained in a statement the reason ARTEMIS can keep good balance even when walking and running over uneven surfaces. It is because the robot is “getting both feet off the ground while in motion,” Hong said. He added, “This is a first-of-its-kind robot.” Another difference between ARTEMIS and other humanoid robots is that it is controlled electrically instead of by hydraulics (水力学). The developers said this makes the robot quieter and cleaner running. Over the next few weeks, they will work on perfecting the robot’s soccer playing skills. One member of the team, student Justin Quan, said his personal goal is engineering robots that can improve people’s lives. “Seeing these robots helping push the robot technology to that next level is really rewarding because you’re like, oh, the dream, it gets closer,” he said. 12. What does the underlined word “humanoid” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Human-like. B. All-round. C. Automatic. D. Custom-designed. 13. What makes it possible for ARTEMIS to play soccer? A. It never loses balance. B. It can move flexibly for ever. C. It has powerful sensory functions. D. Its design is patterned on the human muscles. 14. What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 4? A. The way that ARTEMIS maintains balance in motion. B. The using method and advantages of ARTEMIS. C. The most advanced technology applied to ARTEMIS. D. The distinctive features and working principle of ARTEMIS. 15. What’s Justin Quan’s attitude to the future of the latest robots? A. Critical. B. Hopeful. C. Concerned. D. Uninterested. 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Fungi (真菌) play an important role in ecosystems, are a source of food, and make key contributions to the world of medicine. ____16____ An estimated two million fungal species — more than 90% of all fungi — have yet to be described by science according to a science reporter. ____17____ Scientists are trying to find out more about this largely unexplored world, but it is challenging. Dr Martyn Ainsworth, a senior researcher from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in London, says, “We can grow a certain number in the lab. ____18____ This has held back a lot of research.” ____19____ “A lot of people are afraid of poisonous mushrooms,” says Dr Jassy Drakulic, a plant pathologist, “but only a very small proportion of the thousands of species of fungi in the world can cause disease.” Most are harmless and often beneficial, called by some “the hidden helpers of our environment”. Some fungi provide food and shelter for wildlife, help plants absorb water and nutrients and recycle waste and dead matter. Other types of fungi grow on the roots of trees and plants, forming a huge underground network that helps nourish trees. ____20____ So, next time you add mushrooms to your dinner, take a painkiller for a headache, or go for a walk through the woods, remember to thank the living things that made it all possible — fungi. A. Are mushrooms a type of fungus? B. So, why do we know so little about them? C. Wetlands are important because they provide food and shelter for wildlife. D. The fact that we know so little about fungi leads us to misunderstand them. E. “Fungi are really the behind-the-scenes team doing all the work,” adds Dr Ainsworth. F. But there is a whole host of fungi that we cannot grow in the lab. G. In the UK there are around 25,000 species of fungi — five or six times more than plants. 第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I’m a fan of people sharing their personal stories. Hearing people’s stories is a source of constant ____21____ for me to write. Yet, when it comes to telling my personal stories, I often ____22____ to find my voice and courage. As a shy person, talking about myself makes me feel ____23____. It requires a lot of mental ____24____ for me to feel okay sharing my stories and I also think I don’t have stories worth ____25____. As I wrote in a blog post a few weeks ago, it becomes increasingly important for me to be an authentic (真实的) self. So I ____26____ to take a big leap (跳跃) and share something deeply personal in my weekly newsletter. I wrote about my struggle with procrastination (拖延症) and my ____27____ to finish my book. I was nervous to ____28____ that email. But I decided it was something I wanted to be ____29____ about with everyone. Several hours later, I received dozens of heart-warming _____30_____. Many people said they were _____31_____ reading my book. What was even more touching were emails from people who shared their own struggles with procrastination and writing. Over the Internet, across the miles I had the chance to connect with total _____32_____ with the same problem as me. By telling our story, we _____33_____ ourselves from those binds (束缚) and give rise to an opportunity of connection. I feel a stronger _____34_____ to share my stories in the most authentic ways possible, even if it’s online _____35_____. 21. A. wisdom B. achievement C. satisfaction D. inspiration 22. A. struggle B. desire C. agree D. stop 23. A. disappointed B. regretful C. shocked D. uncomfortable 24. A. energy B. exercise C. adaption D. relief 25. A. writing B. collecting C. sharing D. editing 26. A. happened B. decided C. pretended D. offered 27. A. horrors B. preparations C. outcomes D. attempts 28. A. send B. receive C. design D. update 29. A. calm B. open C. friendly D. brave 30. A. sentences B. responses C. instructions D. praises 31. A. getting across B. taking up C. looking forward to D. dealing with 32. A. readers B. authors C. followers D. strangers 33. A. free B. tell C. discourage D. distinguish 34. A. embarrassment B. trouble C. pull D. devotion 35 A. discussion B. communication C. technology D. conclusion 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The origin of Children’s Day dates back to 1925 when representatives from different countries met in Geneva, Switzerland to arrange the first “World Conference for the Wellbeing of Children”. After ___36___ conference, some governments around the world designated (命名) a day as Children’s Day ___37___ (stress) children’s issues. There was no specific date ___38___ (recommend), so countries used whatever date was most relevant to ___39___ (they) culture. The date of June 1st is used by many ex-Soviet (前苏联) countries ___40___ “The International Day for Protection of Children”. With the creation of World Children’s Day, UN member states recognized children, regardless of race, colour, gender, religion and national or ___41___ (society) origin, the right to affection, love, understanding, adequate food, medical care, free education, protection against all forms of exploitation (剥削) and growing in a climate of universal peace and brotherhood. In 1959, the UN adopted the Declaration of the Rights of the Child, ___42___ was based on the structure and contents of the Geneva Declaration and reaffirmed(重申) that “mankind owes to the child the best it has to give”. Children’s Day ___43___ (celebrate) with plays and events, free admission for children fairs and festivals, concerts, shows, and social activities. Often on Children’s Day there are ___44___ (competition) for children’s drawings or events for face-painting for children. Thus children can spend some time in the shoes of their favourite characters for a while ___45___ take pictures as keepsakes (纪念品). 第三部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，4月22日为世界地球日（Earth Day），你校交换生William发来邮件询问学校的活动计划。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 活动目的； 2. 活动安排。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear William, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the golden autumn when a young musician was touring all around the world. The moment he arrived at a small town lying along a clear and sweet river, a feeling of ease and comfort embraced him. The peaceful night fell, appealing to the young musician. He was casually (随便地) out walking and passing a cottage with the door open, when he heard someone inside playing the piano. Though it didn’t go smoothly, he was sure that it was just one of his compositions. The musician stopped to listen, but the music stopped too. He got closer and overheard a conversation going—“It is too difficult! I can never play it well by myself! I’ve only heard someone else play it several times. It’s far from enough. How I wish I would gain a chance to attend a concert! What if it is played by the musician himself?”—a girl murmured (低语) and sighed. A man continued, “I can’t agree more, but we can’t afford to attend a concert. We are so poor.” “Sorry, Brother,” explained the girl, “Please let it go. I didn’t mean to. I was just kidding.” Though she tried to keep a calm tone, both the brother and the young musician could tell how much she wished to hear a real musician play it properly. The young musician pushed the door and got into the house. With a single candle, a man was making shoes while a young lady was sitting at the piano. Nothing inviting was in sight except the old piano. What was unexpected was that the beautiful young lady was blind. The brother was too astonished to pronounce a word. Kind but embarrassed, he smiled at the stranger. The musician smiled and nodded approaching the piano slowly. Nervous and frightened, the brother dropped the shoe he was working on, jumped to his feet and rushed to protect his sister. “What are you doing? Keep off my sister!” The young lady was alarmed at the noise. She got off the piano, with head hanging and shoulders shaking. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Not until then did the young musician realize he was misunderstood. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ He played so well that all of them were soaked (沉浸) in beautiful music. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024~2025学年下学期高二年级 3月月考 英语试题 全卷满分120分，考试时间 120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2. 请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3. 选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。 4. 考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。 5. 本卷主要考查内容：高考范围。 第一部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15 小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A WELCOME TO OUR LITTLE VILLAGE Our Mission Little Village is a nonprofit record company that seeks to shine the light of awareness on musicians who might not otherwise be heard, and in doing so further the belief that a life filled with diverse music builds empathy (同感), making for stronger communities and a better world. Our Story Jim Pugh’s work with well-known blues artists and top selling rock musicians has earned him many Grammy Awards, platinum, and gold records. After 40 years in the music industry, the idea for Little Village came to Pugh after taking a step back and thinking about what meant most to him. Founded in 2015, Little Village is an arts non-profit that uses music as a tool to increase cross cultural understanding. Our day-to-day programming consists of recording and producing underground artists whose music has not yet been discovered outside their community. Through sharing multicultural music with American roots, we work to deepen understanding and promote empathy. Our Artists Little Village artists come from various communities and cultures but all share a common goal of exposing their music to audiences who they would not have otherwise reached. Little Village seeks out these previously undiscovered artists, and provides them with the tools to launch a successful album (专辑), at no cost to the artist. All proceeds from sales of the albums are given back to the artists as a way to promote artist agency and ownership of their work. Recording an artist helps them connect to their community, while providing Little Village with an opportunity to share their music with the world and win the artist acclaim (高度评价). For more information on our artists, click here please. 1. What is the focus of Little Village’s daily work? A. Promoting and supporting popular music. B. Recommending mainstream American music. C. Recording a new record for well-known musicians. D. Advocating musical diversity and understanding. 2. What can be learned from the text? A. Jim Pugh didn’t work with blues artists. B. Jim Pugh founded Little Village before 2015. C. Little Village has made a lot of money ever since. D. Little Village artists are from different communities. 3. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A research report. B. A historical magazine. C. A music website. D. A job advertisement. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一家非营利性唱片公司Little Village。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Our Story部分第二段“Our day-to-day programming consists of recording and producing underground artists whose music has not yet been discovered outside their community. Through sharing multicultural music with American roots, we work to deepen understanding and promote empathy.(我们日常的节目包括录制和制作地下艺术家，他们的音乐尚未被社区外的人发现。通过分享根植于美国的多元文化音乐，我们致力于加深理解和促进同理心。)”可知，Little Village的日常工作是通过录制和制作地下艺术家来分享美国的多元文化音乐，加深其理解和同理心，即宣传多元音乐和音乐的理解，故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Our Artists部分第一段“Little Village artists come from various communities and cultures but all share a common goal of exposing their music to audiences who they would not have otherwise reached.( Little Village的艺术家来自不同的社区和文化，但他们都有着共同的目标，将他们的音乐唱给那些没听过他们唱歌的人)”可知，Little Village的艺术家来自不同的社区，故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“For more information on our artists, click here please.(想要获得我们艺术家更多的信息，请点击此处。)”可知，本篇文章来自网络，且文章主要介绍了Little Village的音乐制作，由此推知文章选自一个音乐网站，故选C。 B In 1925, a male sled (雪橇) dog named Balto led a 13-dog team through an extreme snowstorm during the final part of a 1,088-kilometre trip, bringing lifesaving medicine to the Alaskan city of Nome during an outbreak of the disease diphtheria (白喉), a serious and sometimes deadly infection. Balto was celebrated as a hero whose preserved body still stands at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History in the state of Ohio. Recently, scientists took DNA from Balto’s preserved body and studied it as part of a large project called Zoonomia. The massive study compares genetic information in different animals and humans. Balto belonged to a population of working sled dogs in Alaska, which was found to have greater genetic diversity and genetic health than modern dogs. When diphtheria spread, Nome’s port was blocked by ice. Sled dogs were the only way to get the important medicine there. Balto was one of 150 dogs that pulled sleds for parts of the 127-hour trip. During the trip, temperatures reached minus (零下) 45 degrees Celsius. Born in 1919, Balto was part of a population of sled dogs imported from Siberia, known as Siberian huskies (西伯利亚哈士奇). The study showed these dogs greatly differed from modern Siberian huskies, however. Balto had a body built for strength and not speed, which his breeder didn’t necessarily like. The breeder had the dog’s sex organs removed so he couldn’t produce young dogs. After the Alaska trip, Balto’s life was difficult. He was mistreated. A visiting Cleveland businessman saw Balto’s mistreatment and bought the dogs for $1,500 raised by the local community in Cleveland. In 1927, Balto and his seven co-runners were celebrated in Cleveland. They spent their rest lives cared for at the local Brookside Zoo. Balto died of natural causes in 1933. Kathleen Morrill, a scientist, said of Balto’s heroic mission, “These specialized dogs don’t know what they do has such gravity in people’s lives.” She added that the sled dogs’ genetic makeup “set them up to be the best animals for the job”. 4. What were sled dogs used to do during an outbreak of diphtheria? A. Look for the origin of this disease. B. Transport emergency medicines. C. Help patients go to hospital quickly. D. Discover the methods to cure the illness. 5. Which information about Balto matches the content of the text? A. The lifespan of Balto is about 14 years. B. Balto is the only survivor of the Alaska trip. C. Balto had many young babies in Cleveland. D. Respected in Alaska, Balto spent its rest life peacefully. 6. What can we conclude from the last paragraph? A. There must be a use for one’s talent. B. Fortune favours the prepared mind. C. A good dog deserves a good bone. D. A thousand mile trip begins with one step. 7. Which is a suitable title for the text? A. The Story of a Sled Dog B. The Long Cold Trip to the Alaskan City C. A Heroic Trip to Save a Dangerous City D. Sled Dog Hero Balto: a Good Dog with Great Genes 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了1925年一只名叫Balto的雪橇犬在阿拉斯加诺姆市爆发白喉病时，带领一支13只雪橇犬的队伍完成了长达1088公里的艰难旅程，为该市带来了救命的药物，被誉为英雄。最近，科学家从Balto保存下来的尸体提取了DNA，并对其进行了研究，发现它比现代狗有更大的基因多样性和基因健康，科学家认为雪橇犬的基因构成使它们成为这项工作的最佳动物。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1925, a male sled (雪橇) dog named Balto led a 13-dog team through an extreme snowstorm during the final part of a 1,088-kilometre trip, bringing lifesaving medicine to the Alaskan city of Nome during an outbreak of the disease diphtheria (白喉), a serious and sometimes deadly infection. (1925年，一只名叫巴尔托的雄性雪橇犬带领一支由13只狗组成的队伍穿越了一场极端的暴风雪，完成了1088公里旅程的最后一段，在阿拉斯加诺姆市爆发白喉(一种严重的有时是致命的传染病)期间，它给该市带来了救命的药物)”可知，在白喉爆发期间，雪橇犬被用来运送紧急药品。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Born in 1919, Balto was part of a population of sled dogs imported from Siberia (Balto出生于1919年，是从西伯利亚引进的雪橇犬中的一员)”和倒数第二段中“Balto died of natural causes in 1933. (Balto于1933年自然死亡)”可知，Balto的寿命约为14年（=1933-1919）。故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Kathleen Morrill, a scientist, said of Balto’s heroic mission, “These specialized dogs don’t know what they do has such gravity in people’s lives.” She added that the sled dogs’ genetic makeup “set them up to be the best animals for the job”. (科学家Kathleen Morrill谈到Balto的英勇使命时说，“这些专业的狗不知道它们的工作对人们的生活有如此重要的意义。”她补充说，雪橇犬的基因构成“使它们成为这项工作的最佳动物”)”可知，雪橇犬的基因使得它们成为在阿拉斯加极寒天气中进行运输的最佳动物，对人们的生活有重要的意义。由此推知，我们可以从中得出结论“天生我材必有用”。故选A项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕雪橇犬Balto展开。介绍了它为爆发白喉病的阿拉斯加诺姆市带来救命的药物的英勇事迹。最近，科学家从Balto保存下来的尸体提取了DNA，并对其进行了研究，发现它比现代狗有更大的基因多样性和基因健康，科学家认为雪橇犬的基因构成使它们成为这项工作的最佳动物。因此，D项“雪橇犬英雄Balto：一只拥有很棒的基因的好狗”概括了Balto的事迹和科学家的基因发现，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。 C Gettysburg National Military Park was established in 1895, 32 years after the deadly battle. Gettysburg is the most-visited of the Civil War battlefields. Many visitors start their visit at the Gettysburg Museum of the Civil War. The museum has the world’s largest collection of Civil War objects. The museum has more than 1 million items, from soldiers’ private notebooks and uniforms to original maps of the battlefield. The museum also houses the Gettysburg cyclorama (风景画幕) painting, showing the final attack in the Battle of Gettysburg: Pickett’s Charge. George Pickett was a Confederate general. On July 3, 1863, he led a charge against stronger Union forces. It was a disaster for the Confederate soldiers. French artist Paul Phillippoteaux and a team of 20 artists created the painting in the 1880s. Phillippoteaux and his team visited the battlefield. It took more than one year for the huge painting to be complete. The cyclorama is 114 metres long and almost 13 metres tall. It has long been one of the most popular parts of the Gettysburg experience. But by the 1990s, the painting was in poor condition. Experts warned that if the cyclorama was not repaired, the painting could be lost. A restoration project began in 2003. The painting was cleaned and separated into its 14 parts, and later moved into the new centre. There, the original canvas (帆布) was sewn onto new cloth made in China. Park service officials say China was one of the few countries able to produce cloth in the sizes needed. Then each part was hung and sewn together. A team of cyclorama experts from Poland worked on the project in Gettysburg. The repair work of the Gettysburg Cyclorama marked one of the largest art conservation effort ever in North America. After the museum, tourists can visit the Soldiers’ National Cemetery, where many of the Union soldiers who died during the Battle of Gettysburg are buried. The cemetery was dedicated on November 19, 1863, the same day President Lincoln gave his “Gettysburg Address”. Historians agree that Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address defined Americans as a people who believed in freedom, democracy and equality. 8. What is displayed in the Gettysburg cyclorama painting? A. Several battlefield sites. B. Supplies during the American Civil War. C. The speech delivered by President Lincoln. D. The intense scene of the final battle of Gettysburg. 9. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The repair material for the project. B. The country producing the canvas. C. The key steps of the entire repair process. D. The comment of the park service officials. 10. Which country did the technical team for restoration come from? A. France. B. China. C. Poland. D. The US. 11. What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To tell a historical event. B. To introduce a travel destination. C. To explain American culture. D. To remember Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了葛底斯堡国家军事公园，公园内有内战博物馆，收藏丰富的内战物品，其中包括展示了皮克特冲锋的葛底斯堡风景画幕，这幅画已被专家修复好，游客还可以参观士兵国家公墓。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The museum also houses the Gettysburg cyclorama (风景画幕) painting, showing the final attack in the Battle of Gettysburg: Pickett’s Charge. George Pickett was a Confederate general. On July 3, 1863, he led a charge against stronger Union forces. It was a disaster for the Confederate soldiers. (该博物馆还收藏了葛底斯堡风景画幕，展示了葛底斯堡战役的最后攻击：皮克特冲锋。乔治·皮克特是一位南方邦联将军。1863年7月3日，他率领军队向更强大的联邦军队发起冲锋。这对南方邦联士兵来说是一场灾难)”可知，这幅风景画幕描绘的是葛底斯堡战役的最后攻击，南方邦联军队对联邦军队发起了一场灾难性的冲锋，因此画面中呈现的是紧张的场面。故选D项。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“A restoration project began in 2003. The painting was cleaned and separated into its 14 parts, and later moved into the new centre. There, the original canvas (帆布) was sewn onto new cloth made in China. Park service officials say China was one of the few countries able to produce cloth in the sizes needed. Then each part was hung and sewn together. (修复工程于2003年开始。这幅画被清理干净，分成14个部分，后来搬到了新的中心。在那里，原来的帆布被缝在中国制造的新布上。公园管理局官员表示，中国是少数几个能够生产所需尺寸布料的国家之一。然后每一部分都被挂起来并缝在一起)”可知，本段主要介绍了整个修复工程中的关键步骤。故选C项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“A team of cyclorama experts from Poland worked on the project in Gettysburg. (一组来自波兰的风景画幕专家在葛底斯堡完成了这个项目)”可知，修复的技术团队来自波兰。故选C项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“After the museum, tourists can visit the Soldiers’ National Cemetery, where many of the Union soldiers who died during the Battle of Gettysburg are buried. The cemetery was dedicated on November 19, 1863, the same day President Lincoln gave his “Gettysburg Address”. (参观完博物馆后，游客可以参观士兵国家公墓，那里埋葬着许多在葛底斯堡战役中阵亡的联邦士兵。这座公墓于1863年11月19日落成，同一天，林肯总统发表了他的《葛底斯堡演说》)”可知，本段主要介绍了供游客参观的士兵国家公墓，包括所埋葬的人员、落成的时间，以及与《葛底斯堡演说》的关联。由此推知，本段是为了介绍一个旅游目的地。故选B项。 D A team at the University of California, Los Angeles developed a human-like robot that will take part in an international soccer competition. The name of the robot is ARTEMIS, which stands for Advanced Robotic Technology for Enhanced Mobility and Improved Stability. It stands 142 centimetres tall and weighs 38 kilogrammes. The researchers said ARTEMIS is one of only a few humanoid robots that can run. It can also jump and walk on different kinds of surfaces without losing its balance. The robot also can kick a ball and remain standing even when kicked or hit. The engineers who built the robot said it can walk at a speed of 2.1 metres per second. This could make ARTEMIS the world’s fastest walking humanoid robot. The team said the goal of the project was to create a robot that can perform many human-like activities, particularly playing the sport of soccer. To do this, engineers said they modeled the devices that control the robot after human muscles. ARTEMIS uses a series of sensors and cameras to help it move and position itself. Dennis Hong is a UCLA professor of engineering and the director of the university’s Robotics and Mechanisms Laboratory. He explained in a statement the reason ARTEMIS can keep good balance even when walking and running over uneven surfaces. It is because the robot is “getting both feet off the ground while in motion,” Hong said. He added, “This is a first-of-its-kind robot.” Another difference between ARTEMIS and other humanoid robots is that it is controlled electrically instead of by hydraulics (水力学). The developers said this makes the robot quieter and cleaner running. Over the next few weeks, they will work on perfecting the robot’s soccer playing skills. One member of the team student Justin Quan, said his personal goal is engineering robots that can improve people’s lives. “Seeing these robots helping push the robot technology to that next level is really rewarding because you’re like, oh, the dream, it gets closer,” he said. 12. What does the underlined word “humanoid” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Human-like. B. All-round. C. Automatic. D. Custom-designed. 13. What makes it possible for ARTEMIS to play soccer? A. It never loses balance. B. It can move flexibly for ever. C. It has powerful sensory functions. D. Its design is patterned on the human muscles. 14. What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 4? A. The way that ARTEMIS maintains balance in motion. B. The using method and advantages of ARTEMIS. C. The most advanced technology applied to ARTEMIS. D. The distinctive features and working principle of ARTEMIS. 15. What’s Justin Quan’s attitude to the future of the latest robots? A. Critical. B. Hopeful. C. Concerned. D. Uninterested. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了加州大学洛杉矶分校的一个团队开发了一个人形机器人ARTEMIS，将参加一场国际足球比赛。文章介绍了ARTEMIS的一些特点和工作原理。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“It can also jump and walk on different kinds of surfaces without losing its balance. The robot also can kick a ball and remain standing even when kicked or hit. The engineers who built the robot said it can walk at a speed of 2.1 metres per second. This could make ARTEMIS the world’s fastest walking humanoid robot.(它还可以在不同的表面上跳跃和行走而不会失去平衡。该机器人还可以踢球，即使被踢或被击中也能保持站立。制造这款机器人的工程师表示，它的行走速度可以达到每秒2.1米。这将使ARTEMIS成为世界上行走速度最快的人形机器人)”可知，ARTEMIS可以像人一样在不同的表面上跳跃和行走而不会失去平衡，即属于似人类的机器人。故划线词意思是“似人类的”。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The team said the goal of the project was to create a robot that can perform many human-like activities, particularly playing the sport of soccer. To do this, engineers said they modeled the devices that control the robot after human muscles.(该团队表示，该项目的目标是创造一个可以执行许多类似人类活动的机器人，特别是踢足球。为了做到这一点，工程师们表示，他们模仿人类肌肉来模拟控制机器人的设备)”可知，以人体肌肉为模式的设计让ARTEMIS能够踢足球。故选D。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“Dennis Hong is a UCLA professor of engineering and the director of the university’s Robotics and Mechanisms Laboratory. He explained in a statement the reason ARTEMIS can keep good balance even when walking and running over uneven surfaces. It is because the robot is “getting both feet off the ground while in motion,” Hong said. He added, “This is a first-of-its-kind robot.” Another difference between ARTEMIS and other humanoid robots is that it is controlled electrically instead of by hydraulics (水力学). The developers said this makes the robot quieter and cleaner running. Over the next few weeks, they will work on perfecting the robot’s soccer playing skills.(丹尼斯·洪是加州大学洛杉矶分校的工程学教授，也是该校机器人与机械实验室的主任。他在一份声明中解释了ARTEMIS即使在不平坦的地面上行走和跑步也能保持良好平衡的原因。这是因为机器人“在运动时双脚离地，”洪说。他补充说，“这是同类机器人中的第一个。”ARTEMIS与其他类人机器人的另一个区别是，它是由电力控制而不是液压控制的。开发人员表示，这使机器人更安静，更干净。在接下来的几个星期里，他们将致力于完善机器人的足球技巧)”可知，作者在第4段主要讲了ARTEMIS在运动中保持平衡的方式。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“One member of the team, student Justin Quan, said his personal goal is engineering robots that can improve people’s lives. “Seeing these robots helping push the robot technology to that next level is really rewarding because you’re like, oh, the dream, it gets closer,” he said.(该团队的一名成员、学生贾斯汀·全表示，他的个人目标是设计出能够改善人们生活的机器人。他说:“看到这些机器人帮助把机器人技术推向一个新的水平，真的很有意义，因为你会觉得，哦，梦想越来越近了。”)”可知，贾斯汀·全对最新机器人的未来充满希望。故选B。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Fungi (真菌) play an important role in ecosystems, are a source of food, and make key contributions to the world of medicine. ____16____ An estimated two million fungal species — more than 90% of all fungi — have yet to be described by science, according to a science reporter. ____17____ Scientists are trying to find out more about this largely unexplored world, but it is challenging. Dr Martyn Ainsworth, a senior researcher from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in London, says, “We can grow a certain number in the lab. ____18____ This has held back a lot of research.” ____19____ “A lot of people are afraid of poisonous mushrooms,” says Dr Jassy Drakulic, a plant pathologist, “but only a very small proportion of the thousands of species of fungi in the world can cause disease.” Most are harmless and often beneficial, called by some “the hidden helpers of our environment”. Some fungi provide food and shelter for wildlife, help plants absorb water and nutrients and recycle waste and dead matter. Other types of fungi grow on the roots of trees and plants, forming a huge underground network that helps nourish trees. ____20____ So, next time you add mushrooms to your dinner, take a painkiller for a headache, or go for a walk through the woods, remember to thank the living things that made it all possible — fungi. A. Are mushrooms a type of fungus? B. So, why do we know so little about them? C. Wetlands are important because they provide food and shelter for wildlife. D. The fact that we know so little about fungi leads us to misunderstand them. E. “Fungi are really the behind-the-scenes team doing all the work,” adds Dr Ainsworth. F. But there is a whole host of fungi that we cannot grow in the lab. G. In the UK, there are around 25,000 species of fungi — five or six times more than plants. 【答案】16. B 17. G 18. F 19. D 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了真菌的作用。 【16题详解】 上文“Fungi (真菌) play an important role in ecosystems, are a source of food, and make key contributions to the world of medicine.( 真菌在生态系统中发挥着重要作用，是食物的来源，并为医学界做出了重要贡献)”提到真菌的重要作用，下文“An estimated two million fungal specie — more than 90% of all fungi — have yet to be described by science(估计有200万种真菌——占所有真菌的90%以上——尚未被科学描述)”提到90%以上的真菌尚未被科学描述，B项“那么，为什么我们对它们知之甚少呢？”承上启下，B项中it指代上文中的“Fungi”，故选B。 【17题详解】 根据上文“An estimated two million fungal specie — more than 90% of all fungi — have yet to be described by science(估计有200万种真菌——占所有真菌的90%以上——尚未被科学描述)”可知，估计有200万种真菌尚未被科学描述，G项“在英国，大约有25000种真菌，是植物的5到6倍”承接上文，进一步描述真菌的庞大数量，故选G。 18题详解】 上文“We can grow a certain number in the lab.(我们可以在实验室里培育一定数量的植物)”提到可以在实验室里培育一定数量的植物，结合下文“This has held back a lot of research.(这阻碍了很多研究)”可知，空处应是提及阻碍研究的因素，F项“但是有很多真菌是我们无法在实验室里培养的”符合语境，故选F。 19题详解】 根据下文“‘A lot of people are afraid of poisonous mushrooms,’ says Dr Jassy Drakulic, a plant pathologist, ‘but only a very small proportion of the thousands of species of fungi in the world can cause disease.’(植物病理学家Jassy Drakulic博士说：‘很多人都害怕有毒的蘑菇，但在世界上成千上万种真菌中，只有很小一部分会致病。’)”可知，真菌被人们误解，D项“我们对真菌知之甚少，这使我们对它们产生了误解”符合语境，故选D。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Other types of fungi grow on the roots of trees and plants, forming a huge underground network that helps nourish trees.(其他种类的真菌生长在树木和植物的根部，形成一个巨大的地下网络，帮助滋养树木)”可知，真菌生长在树木和植物的根部，形成一个巨大的地下网络，帮助滋养树木，E项“‘真菌确实是幕后团队，完成了所有的工作，’Ainsworth博士补充道”总结上文真菌的作用，E项“behind-the-scenes”呼应上文“a huge underground network”，真菌在地下形成巨大的网络，是幕后团队，故选E。 第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I’m a fan of people sharing their personal stories. Hearing people’s stories is a source of constant ____21____ for me to write. Yet, when it comes to telling my personal stories, I often ____22____ to find my voice and courage. As a shy person, talking about myself makes me feel ____23____. It requires a lot of mental ____24____ for me to feel okay sharing my stories and I also think I don’t have stories worth ____25____. As I wrote in a blog post a few weeks ago, it becomes increasingly important for me to be an authentic (真实的) self. So I ____26____ to take a big leap (跳跃) and share something deeply personal in my weekly newsletter. I wrote about my struggle with procrastination (拖延症) and my ____27____ to finish my book. I was nervous to ____28____ that email. But I decided it was something I wanted to be ____29____ about with everyone. Several hours later, I received dozens of heart-warming _____30_____. Many people said they were _____31_____ reading my book. What was even more touching were emails from people who shared their own struggles with procrastination and writing. Over the Internet, across the miles I had the chance to connect with total _____32_____ with the same problem as me. By telling our story, we _____33_____ ourselves from those binds (束缚) and give rise to an opportunity of connection. I feel a stronger _____34_____ to share my stories in the most authentic ways possible, even if it’s online _____35_____. 21. A. wisdom B. achievement C. satisfaction D. inspiration 22. A. struggle B. desire C. agree D. stop 23. A. disappointed B. regretful C. shocked D. uncomfortable 24. A. energy B. exercise C. adaption D. relief 25. A. writing B. collecting C. sharing D. editing 26. A. happened B. decided C. pretended D. offered 27. A. horrors B. preparations C. outcomes D. attempts 28 A. send B. receive C. design D. update 29. A. calm B. open C. friendly D. brave 30. A. sentences B. responses C. instructions D. praises 31. A. getting across B. taking up C. looking forward to D. dealing with 32. A. readers B. authors C. followers D. strangers 33. A. free B. tell C. discourage D. distinguish 34. A. embarrassment B. trouble C. pull D. devotion 35. A. discussion B. communication C. technology D. conclusion 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。介绍了分享个人故事的力量以及好处。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：倾听别人的故事是我不断写作的灵感来源。A. wisdom智慧；B. achievement成就；C. satisfaction满足；D. inspiration灵感。根据上文“Hearing people's stories”可知，倾听别人的故事是我不断写作的灵感来源。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当谈到讲述我的个人故事时，我常常很难找到自己的声音和勇气。A. struggle挣扎，奋斗；B. desire愿望；C. agree 同意；D. stop停止。根据上文“Yet”可知，讲述自己的个人故事时，我常常很难找到自己的声音和勇气。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个害羞的人，谈论自己让我感到不舒服。A. disappointed失望的；B. regretful后悔的；C. shocked震惊的；D. uncomfortable不舒服的。根据上文“As a shy person”可知，害羞的人谈论自己让我感到不舒服。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：分享我的故事需要很多情感上的精力，我也认为我没有值得分享的故事。A. energy能量，精力；B. exercise锻炼；C. adaption适应；D. relief宽慰。根据下文“feel okay sharing my stories”可知，分享我的故事需要很多情感上的精力。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：分享我的故事需要很多情感上的精力，我也认为我没有值得分享的故事。A. writing写；B. collecting收集；C. sharing分享；D. editing编辑。根据上文“sharing”可知，作者觉得没什么可以分享的。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我决定迈出一大步，在我的每周时事通讯中分享一些非常私人的东西。A. happened发生；B. decided决定；C. pretended假装；D. offered提供。根据上文“As a shy person”以及“As I wrote in a blog post a few weeks ago, it becomes increasingly important for me to be an authentic（真实的） self.”可知，我决定迈出一大步。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我写了我与拖延症的斗争，以及我为完成我的书所做的努力。A. horrors恐怖；B. preparations准备；C. outcomes结果；D. attempts努力，尝试。根据下文“finish my book.”可知，完成我的书需要努力。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：发那封邮件时我很紧张。A. send发送；B. receive接收；C. design设计； D. update更新。根据下文“I received”可知，与收到相对的是发送。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我决定要对所有人公开这件事。A. calm冷静的；B. open开放的；C. friendly友好的；D. brave勇敢的。根据下文“Many people said they were ____11____ reading my book.”可知，我决定要对所有人公开这件事。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个小时后，我收到了几十封暖心回复。A. sentences句子；B. responses回应；C. instructions指导；D. praises赞扬。根据下文“Many people said”可知，我收到了几十封暖心的回复。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：很多人说他们很期待读我的书。A. getting across传达，使理解；B. taking up从事；C. looking forward to期望；D. dealing with处理。根据上文“Several hours later, I received dozens of heart-warming ____10____ .”可知，很多人说他们很期待读我的书。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在互联网上，隔着几英里，我有机会联系到和我有着同样问题的陌生人。A. readers读者；B. authors作者；C. followers 追随者；D. strangers陌生人。根据上文“Over the Internet, across the miles”可知，与作者在网上交谈的事陌生人。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过讲述我们的故事，我们将自己从这些束缚中解放出来，并产生了联系的机会。A. free释放；使解脱出来；B. tell告诉；C. discourage使泄气；D. distinguish使有别于。根据下文“give rise to an opportunity of connection.”可知，我们将自己从这些束缚中解放出来，并产生了联系的机会。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得有一种更强烈的吸引力，想要以最真实的方式分享我的故事，即使是在线交流。A. embarrassment尴尬；B. trouble麻烦；C. pull引力；吸引力；D. devotion奉献。根据下文“share my stories in the most authentic ways possible”可知，作者摆脱了害羞的状态，愿意与网上的陌生人分享自己的故事，所以有一种更强烈的吸引力在吸引着作者。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得有一种更强烈的吸引力，想要以最真实的方式分享我的故事，即使是在线交流。A. discussion讨论；B. communication交流；C. technology技术；D. conclusion结论。根据上文“Several hours later, I received dozens of heart-warming ____10____ . Many people said they were ____11____ reading my book.”可知，这是一种网上交流。故选B项。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The origin of Children’s Day dates back to 1925 when representatives from different countries met in Geneva, Switzerland to arrange the first “World Conference for the Wellbeing of Children”. After ___36___ conference, some governments around the world designated (命名) a day as Children’s Day ___37___ (stress) children’s issues. There was no specific date ___38___ (recommend), so countries used whatever date was most relevant to ___39___ (they) culture. The date of June 1st is used by many ex-Soviet (前苏联) countries ___40___ “The International Day for Protection of Children”. With the creation of World Children’s Day, UN member states recognized children, regardless of race, colour, gender, religion and national or ___41___ (society) origin, the right to affection, love, understanding, adequate food, medical care, free education, protection against all forms of exploitation (剥削) and growing in a climate of universal peace and brotherhood. In 1959, the UN adopted the Declaration of the Rights of the Child, ___42___ was based on the structure and contents of the Geneva Declaration and reaffirmed(重申) that “mankind owes to the child the best it has to give”. Children’s Day ___43___ (celebrate) with plays and events, free admission for children fairs and festivals, concerts, shows, and social activities. Often on Children’s Day there are ___44___ (competition) for children’s drawings or events for face-painting for children. Thus children can spend some time in the shoes of their favourite characters for a while ___45___ take pictures as keepsakes (纪念品). 【答案】36. the 37. to stress 38. recommended 39. their 40. as 41. social 42. which 43. is celebrated 44. competitions 45. and 【解析】 【导语】本文的体裁属于说明文。本文详细介绍了儿童节的起源、联合国对儿童权利的认可以及儿童节的庆祝方式，目的是向读者提供关于儿童节的相关信息和背景知识。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：会议结束后，世界各地的一些政府指定了一天作为儿童节，以强调儿童问题。此处特指上一句提到的会议，用定冠词the。故填the。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。本句谓语为designated，此处为非谓语动词，应用stress“强调”的不定式，作目的状语。故填to stress。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：没有推荐特定的日期，因此各国使用与其文化最相关的日期。本句系动词为was，此处为非谓语动词，且date 与recommend“推荐”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填recommended。 【39题详解】 考查代词。句意同上。本空用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”，修饰culture，作定语。故填their。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：6月1日被许多前苏联国家用作“国际儿童保护日”。本空用介词as，表示“作为”。故填as。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：联合国成员国认识到，无论种族、肤色、性别、宗教和社会出身，儿童都有权获得关爱、爱、理解、足够的食物、医疗保健、免费教育、防止任何形式的剥削，并在一个普遍和平友爱的氛围中成长。本空用形容词social“社会的”，修饰origin，作前置定语。故填social。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：1959年，联合国通过了《儿童权利宣言》，该宣言基于《日内瓦宣言》的结构和内容，重申“人类应该给予儿童最好的一切”。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主句，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【43题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：儿童节庆祝活动包括戏剧和活动、儿童游乐会和节日的免费入场、音乐会、演出和社会活动。本句描述一般事实，句子时态用一般现在时，且Children’s Day与动词celebrated“庆祝”为被动关系，句子用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is celebrated。 【44题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：儿童节期间通常会有儿童绘画比赛或脸部彩绘等活动。不止一项比赛，本空用名词competitions“比赛”的复数作主语。故填competitions。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：因此，孩子们可以暂时扮演他们最喜欢的卡通人物，并拍照留念。spend some time in the shoes of their favourite characters for a while和take pictures as keepsakes为并列关系，本空用连词and“并且”来连接。故填and。 第三部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，4月22日为世界地球日（Earth Day），你校交换生William发来邮件询问学校的活动计划。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 活动目的； 2. 活动安排。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear William, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear William, In response to your inquiry about our school’s Earth Day activities, I’m happy to provide you with the details. The purpose of our Earth Day activities is to raise general awareness of green issues among our students. In the morning of April 22nd, guest speakers will discuss environmental issues such as climate change and biodiversity. In the afternoon, a group discussion will take place to encourage students to share their ideas and explore solutions to environmental challenges. We will also have a “green fair” in the school courtyard, where students can present eco-friendly projects and initiatives. I hope this gives you a good overview of our Earth Day activities. Looking forward to your participation! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。交换生William发来邮件询问学校的世界地球日活动计划，要求考生按照要求给他回一封邮件。 【详解】1.词汇积累 询问：inquiry → question 高兴的：happy → pleased 目的：purpose → aim 问题：issue → problem 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：In the morning of April 22nd, guest speakers will discuss environmental issues such as climate change and biodiversity. 拓展句：In the morning of April 22nd, it is guest speakers that will discuss environmental issues such as climate change and biodiversity. 【点睛】【高分句型1】We will also have a “green fair” in the school courtyard, where students can present eco-friendly projects and initiatives.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】I hope this gives you a good overview of our Earth Day activities.（运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the golden autumn when a young musician was touring all around the world. The moment he arrived at a small town lying along a clear and sweet river, a feeling of ease and comfort embraced him. The peaceful night fell, appealing to the young musician. He was casually (随便地) out walking and passing a cottage with the door open, when he heard someone inside playing the piano. Though it didn’t go smoothly, he was sure that it was just one of his compositions. The musician stopped to listen, but the music stopped too. He got closer and overheard a conversation going—“It is too difficult! I can never play it well by myself! I’ve only heard someone else play it several times. It’s far from enough. How I wish I would gain a chance to attend a concert! What if it is played by the musician himself?”—a girl murmured (低语) and sighed. A man continued, “I can’t agree more, but we can’t afford to attend a concert. We are so poor.” “Sorry, Brother,” explained the girl, “Please let it go. I didn’t mean to. I was just kidding.” Though she tried to keep a calm tone, both the brother and the young musician could tell how much she wished to hear a real musician play it properly. The young musician pushed the door and got into the house. With a single candle, a man was making shoes while a young lady was sitting at the piano. Nothing inviting was in sight except the old piano. What was unexpected was that the beautiful young lady was blind. The brother was too astonished to pronounce a word. Kind but embarrassed, he smiled at the stranger. The musician smiled and nodded, approaching the piano slowly. Nervous and frightened, the brother dropped the shoe he was working on, jumped to his feet and rushed to protect his sister. “What are you doing? Keep off my sister!” The young lady was alarmed at the noise. She got off the piano, with head hanging and shoulders shaking. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Not until then did the young musician realize he was misunderstood. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ He played so well that all of them were soaked (沉浸) in beautiful music. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Not until then did the young musician realized he was misunderstood. He held back his feet and explained politely, “I am a tourist here and I happen to play the piano well. I am familiar with what the young lady was playing just now. Would you mind me playing for you?” Although they didn’t know who the stranger was, they were glad to listen to him play for them. He sat down and began to play. With the music going, the sister and the brother got relaxed and began to enjoy it. He played so well that all of them were soaked (沉浸) in beautiful music. Even when the lone candle in the room went out and the moon sent its lovely beams shining into the room, he still played! When he left, it was deep night. He was so inspired by the appreciation of his music by the young lady and the beauty of the atmosphere in and outside the room. Never had the poor sister and brother had such a splendid night. It was music that brought happiness to them all! 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了一位年轻的音乐家正在世界各地巡演，当他来到一个小镇时，经过一间开着门的小屋，听到里面有人在弹钢琴，是他的作品，但弹得并不好。弹钢琴的女孩希望听到一位真正的音乐家演奏这首曲子，音乐家推门而入，惊讶地发现原来女孩失明了，女孩和她的兄弟也因为音乐家的到来感到震惊。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“直到那时，这位年轻的音乐家才意识到自己被误解了。”可知，第一段可描写音乐家的解释及他的演奏。 ②由第二段首句内容“他演奏得很好，他们都沉浸在美妙的音乐中。”可知，第二段可描写兄妹二人享受音乐及音乐家的感悟。 2.续写线索：音乐家的解释——开始演奏——兄妹二人享受音乐——演奏结束——音乐家离开——音乐家的感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①熟悉：be familiar with/familiarize ②开始做某事：begin to do sth./start to do sth. ③欣赏：enjoy/admire 情绪类 ①高兴的：glad/happy ②快乐：happiness/pleasure 【点睛】[高分句型1]. I am familiar with what the young lady was playing just now.（由what引导的宾语从句） [高分句型2]. Although they didn’t know who the stranger was, they were glad to listen to him play for them.（由Although引导的让步状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$