考前清单08.完形填空试题类型的宏观与微观分析及解答策略-2025年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练(北京专用)

考前清单08.完形填空试题类型的宏观与微观分析及解答策略 ▲宏观分析 中考英语完形填空试题的主要类型 类型 分析 举例 词汇辨析题 考查对近义词、反义词、同根词、形近词等的辨析能力，需要根据上下文语境准确理解词汇的细微差别，选择最合适的单词。 In the story, the boy was very _ because he got a new toy. A. sad B. happy C. angry D. tired（根据 “got a new toy” 可知，男孩得到新玩具应该是开心的，所以选 B。这里考查了描述情绪的形容词的辨析。） 固定搭配题 涉及动词与介词、副词的搭配，名词与介词的搭配，形容词与介词的搭配等固定用法。学生需要熟悉常见的固定搭配，根据句子结构和语境来选择正确的搭配。 The little girl is looking _ her lost cat everywhere. A. at B. for C. after D. up（“look for” 是 “寻找” 的意思，根据 “lost cat” 可知是寻找丢失的猫，所以选 B，考查了动词 look 与不同介词的搭配。） 语法知识题 考查各种语法规则，如时态、语态、从句、虚拟语气等。需要根据上下文的时态一致性、句子结构以及语法规则来判断正确的选项。 When I got to the station, the train _ already. A. left B. has left C. had left D. will leave（“got to the station” 是过去的动作，火车离开发生在到达车站之前，即 “过去的过去”，所以用过去完成时 had left，选 C，考查了时态的用法。） 逻辑推理题 要求学生根据上下文的逻辑关系，如因果、转折、并列、递进等，来推断出正确的答案。需要理解文章的主旨和段落之间、句子之间的逻辑联系。 It was raining heavily, _ we had to stay at home. A. so B. but C. and D. or（因为雨下得很大，所以我们不得不待在家里，前后是因果关系，所以选 A。） 上下文理解题 主要考查对文章整体内容和细节的理解，答案往往需要通过对上下文的综合分析才能得出，可能涉及到对人物情感、行为动机、事件发展等方面的理解。 The author was _ when he saw the old man struggling. He decided to help him. A. moved B. bored C. surprised D. scared（根据 “He decided to help him” 可知作者看到老人挣扎时被打动了，所以选 A，需要通过对下文作者行为的理解来判断他当时的情感。） ▲微观分析 词汇辨析题的类型 类型 分析 举例 近义词辨析 考查意义相近但在语义、用法或搭配上有细微差别的词汇。需要根据上下文的具体语境来区分它们的不同，选择最符合文意的词。 The old man looked very ____. He needed some help. A. tired B. exhausted C. weary 这三个词都有 “累的” 意思，但 “exhausted” 程度最深，强调精疲力竭；“weary” 除了身体疲劳外，还常带有精神上的厌倦；“tired” 是最常用的，泛指身体或精神上的疲劳。根据语境，这里只是说老人看起来需要帮助，用 “tired” 更合适，说明他只是一般的疲劳状态。 反义词辨析 给出意义相反的词汇选项，要求学生根据文章的逻辑和上下文来判断应该选择哪个词。这需要学生理解文章的主旨和情感倾向，以确定是表达肯定还是否定的意思。 The door was ____, so I couldn't get into the room. A. open B. closed “open” 表示 “开着的”，“closed” 表示 “关着的”。根据 “我进不去房间” 可知门是关着的，应选 “closed”。通过对文章中行为结果的描述，来判断门的状态，从而选择正确的反义词。 同根词辨析 考查具有相同词根但不同词缀的词汇，这些词虽然有一定的关联，但词性和词义会有所不同。学生需要掌握词缀的含义和用法，以及同根词在不同语境中的具体意义。 We should be ____ of our country. A. proud B. pride “proud” 是形容词，“be proud of” 表示 “为…… 感到骄傲”；“pride” 是名词，常用搭配有 “take pride in”。这里根据 “be” 动词和句子结构，需要用形容词 “proud”。 形近词辨析 选项中的词汇在拼写或词形上相似，但词义不同。学生容易因混淆而选错，需要仔细辨别它们的差异，并结合上下文来确定正确的单词。 I ____ my keys at home this morning. A. left B. let C. lift “left” 是 “leave” 的过去式，有 “留下；遗忘” 的意思；“let” 是 “让；使” 的意思；“lift” 有 “举起；抬起” 等意思。根据语境 “把钥匙忘在家里”，应该用 “left”。这里通过对词形相似但词义不同的词进行辨析，考查学生对词汇的准确掌握。 词类辨析 涉及不同词性的词汇选项，如名词、动词、形容词、副词等。学生要根据句子的语法结构和词汇在句中的作用来判断应该选择哪种词性的词。 The little girl danced ____ at the party. A. beautiful B. beautifully “beautiful” 是形容词，“beautifully” 是副词。这里需要一个副词来修饰动词 “danced”，表示跳舞的状态，所以选 “beautifully”。通过分析句子中动词的修饰成分，来确定选择形容词还是副词，考查学生对词类用法的理解。 固定搭配题的类型 类型 分析 举例 动词 + 介词 / 副词 考查动词与特定介词或副词搭配构成的短语，其含义通常与单个词的意思有所不同，需要牢记这些固定搭配的含义和用法。 I looked everywhere but couldn't ______ my keys.（A. look for B. find out C. find D. search for）答案是 C。“look for” 和 “search for” 都有 “寻找” 的意思，但强调动作过程；“find out” 意为 “查明，弄清楚”；“find” 强调结果，“找到”。根据语境 “我到处看但没找到钥匙”，强调结果用 “find”。再如：He gets along well with his classmates. （“get along with” 表示 “与…… 相处”） 动词 + 名词 涉及动词与名词的固定搭配，这些搭配在语义和用法上较为固定，是英语表达中的常用结构。 We should ______ a good habit of reading.（A. make B. take C. form D. get）答案是 C。“form a habit” 表示 “形成一个习惯”，是固定搭配。又如：She made a decision to study harder.（“make a decision” 表示 “做决定”） 介词 + 名词 考查介词与名词组合成的固定短语，它们在句子中常作状语、定语等，表达特定的时间、地点、方式等概念。 The book is ______ the table.（A. in front of B. in the front of C. on front of D. on the front of）答案是 A。“in front of” 表示 “在……（外部）的前面”，“in the front of” 表示 “在……（内部）的前面”，根据书与桌子的位置关系，应选 “in front of”。再如：He has been away for a long time.（“for a long time” 表示 “很长时间”） 形容词 + 介词 这类固定搭配用于描述人或事物的特征、状态等与其他事物的关系，不同的形容词与介词搭配有特定的含义。 She is very good ______ math.（A. at B. in C. on D. for）答案是 A。“be good at” 表示 “擅长……”。又如：He is interested in reading books.（“be interested in” 表示 “对…… 感兴趣”） 副词 + 动词 副词修饰动词形成的固定搭配，副词通常说明动词的方式、程度、频率等。 Please ______ the light when you leave the room.（A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down）答案是 B。“turn on” 表示 “打开”；“turn off” 表示 “关闭”；“turn up” 表示 “调高（音量等）；出现”；“turn down” 表示 “调低（音量等）；拒绝”。根据 “离开房间” 可知要关灯，用 “turn off”。再如：He went on working until midnight.（“go on” 表示 “继续”） 语法知识题的类型 类型 分析 举例 动词时态和语态 考查在特定语境中正确使用动词的时态和语态。需要根据上下文的时间线索、动作发生的先后顺序等来确定动词的形式。同时要注意主动语态和被动语态的区别及用法。 I ____ (see) the film twice before. 根据 “twice before” 可知，这里表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，所以填 “have seen”。 The book ____ (write) by a famous writer. 书是被作家写的，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填 “was written”。 从句引导词 涉及各类从句（如宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句等）引导词的选择。要根据从句的类型、从句在句子中的作用以及引导词的语法功能和语义来确定。 I don't know ____ he will come tomorrow. 这里是宾语从句，根据语境 “我不知道他明天是否会来”，表示 “是否”，应用 “if /whether” 引导。 The boy ____ is standing there is my brother. 这是定语从句，先行词是 “boy”，在从句中作主语，应用 “who” 或 “that” 引导。 名词的数与所有格 考查名词单复数的变化规则以及名词所有格的用法。要注意一些特殊名词的复数形式，以及在表示所属关系时如何正确使用所有格。 There are many ____ (book) on the shelf. “many” 修饰可数名词复数，所以填 “books”。 This is my ____ (father) car. 表示 “我父亲的车”，应用名词所有格 “father's”。 代词的用法 包括人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词等的用法。要注意代词的主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词等形式的区别，以及在句子中所充当的成分。 ____ (I) mother is a teacher. 这里需要用形容词性物主代词修饰 “mother”，所以填 “My”。 There is ____ (something) wrong with my bike. 表示 “我的自行车出了点问题”，在肯定句中用 “something”。 形容词和副词的比较级与最高级 考查形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成及用法。根据语境判断是两者比较还是多者比较，以及是否有特定的比较范围或标志词。 He is ____ (tall) than his brother. 由 “than” 可知用比较级，“tall” 的比较级是 “taller”。 This is the ____ (interesting) book I have ever read. 根据 “ever read” 可知是在很多书中比较，应用最高级 “most interesting”。 主谓一致 考查主语和谓语在人称和数上的一致性。要注意不同类型的主语（如单数主语、复数主语、集体名词作主语等）与谓语动词的搭配规则。 The number of students in our class ____ (be) 50. “The number of + 可数名词复数” 作主语，谓语动词用单数，所以填 “is”。 My family ____ (be) watching TV now. 这里 “family” 指家庭成员，是复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式 “are”。 逻辑推理题的类型 类型 分析 举例 上下文逻辑推理 根据上下文的内容、情节发展、情感变化等进行推理判断。需要理解文章的整体意思，把握段落之间、句子之间的逻辑关系，如因果、转折、并列、递进等。 I was really tired after a long day of work. ___, I still decided to go to the gym to exercise.（A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Instead） 前文说工作一天后很累，后文说还是决定去健身房锻炼，前后是转折关系，所以选 A。 情感态度推理 通过文章中描述的人物行为、语言、心理活动等细节，推断人物的情感态度，如高兴、悲伤、愤怒、惊讶、满意、不满等，以及作者的情感倾向和写作意图。 When she heard the good news, her face lit up and she had a big smile on her face. It was clear that she was very ___.（A. sad B. angry C. happy D. nervous） 从 “脸亮了起来” 和 “脸上有个大大的笑容” 可以推断出她是高兴的，所以选 C。 常识推理 借助生活常识、文化背景知识、科普知识等来进行推理判断。要求考生具备一定的综合知识储备，并能将其运用到解题中。 It was getting dark, so she turned on the ___ to see clearly.（A. radio B. TV C. light D. computer） 根据生活常识，天黑了要打开灯来看清楚，所以选 C。 指代关系推理 确定代词（如 it, he, she, they, this, that 等）所指代的对象，通常需要结合上下文，分析句子结构和语义，找出与代词在逻辑上一致的先行词。 Tom and Jack are good friends. They often play basketball together. ___ always have a great time.（A. He B. She C. They D. It） 这里的代词指代前面提到的 “Tom and Jack”，是两个人，所以用 they，选 C。 词义复现推理 文章中某些关键信息会以原词、同义词、近义词或反义词等形式重复出现，通过识别这些复现的词汇来推断答案。 The little girl was very ___ because she lost her favorite toy. Later, her mother bought her a new one and her sadness disappeared.（A. happy B. sad C. excited D. angry） 后面提到 “sadness”，说明小女孩之前是难过的，所以选 B，“sad” 与 “sadness” 是同根词复现。 中上下文理解题的类型 类型 分析 举例 因果关系推理 根据上下文的因果逻辑来推断答案。需要找出事件发生的原因或结果，可能有明显的因果关联词，如 because, so, therefore, as a result 等，也可能需要从上下文的情节中隐含的因果关系进行推理。 The road was icy, ___ I drove very slowly.（A. but B. so C. because D. or） 前面提到道路结冰，后面说开车很慢，两者是因果关系，道路结冰是原因，开车慢是结果，所以用 so 连接，答案选 B。 转折关系推理 通过识别上下文的转折逻辑来选择正确答案。常见的转折词有 but, however, although, though, yet 等。要理解前后文在意思上的相反或对比关系。 He is very rich, ___ he is not happy.（A. and B. but C. or D. so） “rich” 和 “not happy” 形成对比，前后是转折关系，所以选 B。 递进关系推理 判断上下文在意思上是否存在递进关系，即后一句比前一句在程度、范围、数量等方面更进一步。常出现的词有 besides, moreover, furthermore, what's more 等。 She is good at English. Besides, she ___ speaks French very well.（A. also B. too C. either D. yet） 前面说她擅长英语，后面说她法语也说得很好，是在进一步说明她的语言能力，“besides” 提示递进关系，also 用于句中表示 “也”，符合语境，答案选 A。 顺承关系推理 依据上下文的时间顺序、动作先后顺序或事件发展的逻辑顺序进行推理。通常没有明显的关联词，需要根据情节的自然发展来判断。 First, we cleaned the classroom. Then, we ___ the desks and chairs.（A. paint B. painted C. are painting D. will paint） “first” 和 “then” 表明动作的先后顺序，前面用了一般过去时 “cleaned”，后面也应保持时态一致，用 painted，答案选 B。 对比关系推理 分析上下文是否存在对比，可能是不同人物、事物、情况之间的对比，通过对比来突出某些特点或差异，从而推断出答案。 Some students like reading books, while ___ prefer playing sports.（A. other B. others C. the other D. another） “while” 表示对比，“some...others...” 是固定搭配，表示 “一些…… 另一些……”，这里是学生中喜欢读书和喜欢运动的两类人对比，所以选 B。 （建议用时：40分钟） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 1 A girl suspended with her feet flailing. Recently, we went on a six-day field trip. I had many heart-warming memories. The most memorable part for me was climbing the “Graduation Wall”, a 4.2-meter barrier (障碍) we had to climb without any tools. As sunlight cast an orange glow over its brown surface, the 1 began with a countdown. At the beginning, the boys climbed so easily that they made the wall seem less scary. However, after I watched a girl suspend with her feet failing, my fear built up as I imagined her possible fall. Finally, it was my turn. My heart 2 and I was more scared. Shaking slightly, I was unwilling to step on my classmates’ knees and shoulders, meanwhile I 3 my dirty shoes would get their clothes dirty. Then, the boy below called out, “Just step on my shoulder!” as if he sensed my unwillingness. With apologies in my mind, I 4 placed my feet on his shoulder, though I was driven by the supportive spirit of my classmates. The climb was unexpectedly smooth. I didn’t know clearly whose hand I was holding, I was quickly 5 up, and my legs followed. I was on the top and looked over the edge from my new point on the platform. In only a few seconds, I had risen above the terrible height of 4.2 meters that had seemed impossible before. As it turned out, our class completed the challenge in just 16 minutes! However, it wasn’t the impressive time that 6 me most, but rather the strong 7 : Every gaze was fixed upward, and every hand was stretched out firmly to safeguard the climber. The sight of reddened shoulders and sweaty palms (手掌), with waves of encouragement and cheers, made me realize that it’s our cooperative spirit that 8 a deep sense of belonging and unity. 1．A．game B．experience C．lesson D．challenge 2．A．raced B．beat C．ran D．broke 3．A．knew B．said C．feared D．thought 4．A．closely B．bravely C．anxiously D．carefully 5．A．mixed B．lifted C．moved D．put 6．A．encouraged B．expected C．affected D．respected 7．A．will B．encouragement C．trust D．support 8．A．creates B．invents C．means D．owns 2 The Lunchroom Robot “Robot! Tie my shoe!” Another sixth-grade boy poured 1 on the floor. “Robot! Clean up my mess!” Lee had a knot (结) in his stomach as he watched the older kids bossing the lunchroom robot around. The robot tied the shoe and cleaned the floor, but it moved 2 , very tiredly. Its head hung down as it rolled from task to task. It almost seemed sad. Lee tried and failed to shake the bad 3 . It couldn’t possibly be... could it? The school bell signaled that lunch period was over. The sixth graders left, laughing as the robot continued to clean up the milk. Lee collected his lunch tray, his eyes still on the robot. After it finished 4 , it rolled up against the wall. It seemed to lean its head against the white cinder blocks. Lee walked toward the robot uncertainly, “Are you... okay?” he asked. The robot turned its blocky head toward Lee. Lee looked into the raindrop-shaped cameras that served as the robot’s eyes. They looked the same as always, but he knew there was something 5 behind them. Lee patted the robot’s back panel (面板). “I think I know how you feel,” he said. “Those kids shouldn’t 6 you that way. They should at least be polite when you do your job.” The robot looked up at Lee and the words Thank you scrolled across the front display in blue letters. Lee smiled. “You’re welcome.” The next day, the sixth graders were at it again. One of them threw candies across the floor. “Robot, pick them up!” he said. As Lee watched from another table, his face 7 . He nearly stood up to say something, but the robot didn’t move. “Robot!” the boy demanded. Lee got up from his seat and walked over. The sixth graders watched him with 8 . “Robot,” Lee said. “Could you pick up the candies for us, please?” The robot began sweeping up the candies. Lee turned to the sixth graders. “Remember to say THANK YOU, too.” 1．A．milk B．water C．tea D．coffee 2．A．carefully B．happily C．curiously D．slowly 3．A．luck B．feeling C．habit D．relationship 4．A．collecting B．examining C．cleaning D．preparing 5．A．interesting B．exciting C．serious D．different 6．A．treat B．beat C．cheat D．attract 7．A．hurt B．burned C．froze D．shone 8．A．admiration B．pride C．surprise D．fear 3 The Magic of a Book One day when I was 11, my mother gave me an order: I was to walk to the public library, and borrow at least one book for the summer. This was one more weapon for her to defeat (战胜) my strange problem—inability to 1 . In the library, I found my way into the “Children’s Room”. I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the 2 at random (随机的). The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child. He was my secret sharer, but one morning, he was gone. I never forgot my beagle. There on the book’s cover was a beagle which looked the same to my dog. I ran my fingers over the 3 of the dog on the cover. My eyes run across the title, Amos, the Beagle with a Plan. Unknowingly, I had read the title without 4 the book. I borrowed it from the library for the summer. Under the shade of a bush, I started to read about Amos. I read it with difficulty. Though pages were turned 5 , I got the main idea of the story about a dog who, like mine, had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home. That dog was my dog, and I was the little boy in the book. At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own 6 dog and I were, in my mind, running together. My mother’s call made me 7 to the real world. I suddenly realized something: I had read a book, and I had loved reading that book. Everyone knew I could not read. But I had read it. Books could be incredibly wonderful and I was going to read them. I never told my mother about my “miraculous” (奇迹般的) experience that summer, but she saw a slow but noticeable 8 in my classroom performance during the next year. 1．A．draw B．speak C．hear D．read 2．A．box B．table C．board D．shelf 3．A．name B．picture C．toy D．food 4．A．opening B．writing C．packing D．checking 5．A．freely B．quietly C．slowly D．carefully 6．A．clever B．lost C．cute D．wounded 7．A．return B．go C．point D．move 8．A．success B．thought C．improvement D．process 4 The Lost and Found Kite Emily was an energetic young girl in her neighbourhood. She 1 flying kites. She has a collection of colourful kites, each one with its own special story. One sunny afternoon, Emily took her favourite kite, a bright red one that her 2 had given her, to the nearby park. The kite flew high in the sky, dancing with the wind’s movement. It was a beautiful sight, and Emily felt a sense of freedom as she controlled the kite. But suddenly, an unexpected gust (一阵) of wind pulled the treasured red kite from her hand and it 3 into the sky. She spent hours searching for her lost kite, but it was nowhere to be found. Her eyes welled with tears (眼泪), and her heart ached (疼痛) with loss. She couldn’t 4 how something so dear to her had left her. As days turned into weeks, Emily couldn’t shake the feeling of sadness that hung (笼罩) over her. She missed her kite 5 . But as time went on, she began to realize that her connection to the kite wasn’t just about the physical object. It was about the 6 she had created while flying it with her grandfather. To fill the emptiness left by her lost kite, Emily decided to create new memories. She spent time with her grandfather, listening to his stories and learning from his wisdom. The connection between them grew stronger, and Emily discovered that the love and warmth they shared were more 7 than any other object. One sunny day, as Emily and her grandfather sat under an old tree, a gust of wind ruffled (吹动) the leaves above them. Emily realized that the wind was just like the unseen 8 between her and her grandfather. It was a reminder that the love they shared, and the memories they created, were always with her, just like the kite flying high in the endless sky. 1．A．practices B．finishes C．loves D．minds 2．A．father B．grandfather C．neighbour D．friend 3．A．lost B．broke C．climbed D．disappeared 4．A．prove B．judge C．realize D．understand 5．A．dearly B．carefully C．naturally D．normally 6．A．kites B．chances C．memories D．situations 7．A．interesting B．valuable C．popular D．peaceful 8．A．connection B．words C．thoughts D．behaviours 5 Rich or poor, young or old, we all have problems. We can easily become unhappy 1 we solve our problems. 2 our problems can affect (影响) how we do things at school or at home. So how do we deal with our problems? Most of us have probably been angry 3 our friends, parents or teachers. Perhaps they said something you didn’t like, or you felt they were unfair. Sometimes, people can stay angry for years about a small problem. Time goes by, and good friendships may 4 . When we are angry, however, we are usually the ones affected. Have you ever seen young children playing together? But they fight very soon, and decide not to talk to each other. However, this usually doesn’t 5 for long. They become good friends again. This is an important lesson for us, we can solve a problem by learning to forget. Many students often complain (抱怨) about school. They might feel they have too much work to do sometimes, or think the rules are too strict. We must learn how to change these “problems” into “challenges”. As young adults, it is our duty 6 our best to deal with challenges with the help of our teachers. By comparing yourself to other people, you will find your problems are not so 7 . Think about Stephen Hawking, for example, a very clever scientist. He can’t walk or even speak, but he regards his many physical problems as unimportant. Now he is known 8 a great scientist in the world. We are probably quite healthy and smart. Let’s not worry about our problems. Let’s face the challenges. 1．A．unless B．if C．when D．as 2．A．Looking up B．Worrying about C．Setting up D．Hearing about 3．A．of B．to C．with D．in 4．A．lose B．be lost C．keep D．be kept 5．A．make B．do C．produce D．last 6．A．to try B．to have C．to put D．to keep 7．A．terrible B．pleasant C．painless D．useful 8．A．about B．for C．with D．as 6 When I was about 12 years old, my friends and I decided that we wanted a pet mouse. The pet shop wouldn’t sell us one unless we had a 1 from a parent, so, having the neatest handwriting, I forged (伪造) one. My deception (骗局) was soon 2 and everything went terribly wrong. My mum felt that the punishment should fit the crime, so she made me write letters to a few selected relatives. One of them was my uncle who I’d only met a few times when I was a little kid. I wrote a 3 letter detailing my life and listing my interests. My punishment was complete. During the following days I nearly forgot about it, but I suddenly got a 4 from him one day. “How lovely it is to hear from you, “he said, and went on to tell me all about his life in his letter. He’d love to hear about what subjects at school I enjoyed. And so we started a correspondence (通信) that went on for several years. He turned out to be the most attractive man. Then out of the blue, he 5 . My mum heard of the bad news and was sad as they had not really spoken for years. I went upstairs and took out a box of letters, the last one being from just a few days before he had passed. My mum 6 herself reading them and knowing that although she hadn’t been in touch, I had grown 7 to him by writing to him. In fact, I then became friends with his wife, who I also wrote to for many years. I often think about how an act of childhood led to such rich 8 that lasted for many years. It encouraged me to write to lots of other people in fact, and it’s something I keep up with to this day. So, I’d encourage you to put pen to paper and see where it leads. 1．A．paper B．letter C．bill D．card 2．A．shared B．changed C．discovered D．repeated 3．A．long B．simple C．boring D．strange 4．A．photo B．reply C．gift D．call 5．A．painted B．noticed C．died D．smiled 6．A．protected B．praised C．enjoyed D．comforted 7．A．close B．patient C．strange D．similar 8．A．advice B．experience C．knowledge D．communication 7 Strong support can help you grow A father and his son went to a kite-flying festival. The son was happy when he saw the sky 1 with colorful kites. He wanted to fly a kite, too. The father then bought a kite for his son. The son started to fly the kite. Soon, his kite was high up in the sky. 2 the son said, “Father, it seems that the string is stopping the kite 3 flying higher. If we cut it, it will be 4 and fly even higher. Can we cut it?” The father cut the string off of the reel（轴）. The kite started to go higher. This made the little boy happy. But then, slowly, the kite started to come down. It soon fell to the ground. The son was 5 to see this. He asked his father, “I thought that after cutting the string, the kite would fly 6 . Why did it fall down? ” The father explained, “The string was not stopping the kite from going higher, but was helping it 7 in the sky. You helped the kite go up in the right direction using the string. 8 when you cut the string, it could no longer support the kite.” We may sometimes feel like there are certain things that are holding us back and stopping us from growing. But in fact, these might be the things that support us the most. 1．A．painted B．filled C．kept D．appeared 2．A．Once in a while B．At last C．After a while D．Since then 3．A．from B．with C．of D．at 4．A．free B．smooth C．magical D．straight 5．A．nervous B．angry C．afraid D．surprised 6．A．faster B．higher C．closer D．harder 7．A．lie B．hang C．stay D．live 8．A．And B．Then C．But D． So 8 Last summer I got the chance to spend a month helping out in a hospital in Africa. I had one year left at school, and I was interested in studying medicine at university. It was a month that 1 my life. I was introduced to a world that is very different to mine in so many ways. I was shocked (震惊) at how poor so many families over there are and how 2 their lives can be. But I was also surprised at how positively people 3 their daily lives. The way they come together and help each other is a real inspiration (鼓舞), and something I think a lot of us here in the UK have forgotten. I think many of us don’t realize how 4 we are. My work in the hospital was hard. Not only did I spend a lot of time cleaning floors, but also I got to spend some time 5 the patients. And I got the chance to talk to some doctors and ask them about the 6 . I saw some truly awful things in the hospital, but none of them changed my mind about being a 7 . In fact, they only made me more determined to do medicine! When I finish, I know what I’m going to do: I want to work for a/an 8 organization like the Red Cross. I can’t wait to get started. 1．A．created B．changed C．turned D．afforded 2．A．strange B．wonderful C．beautiful D．difficult 3．A．spend B．take C．cost D．pay 4．A．funny B．proud C．lucky D．pretty 5．A．looking after B．counting down C．making up D．looking for 6．A．family B．job C．food D．hobby 7．A．worker B．manager C．teacher D．doctor 8．A．traditional B．classical C．international D．national 9 I was small for my age when I got into Millburn High School. I was shy and sometimes it was 1 for me to make friends with others. However, learning came fairly easy for me. I was the best in most of my 2 , but P.E. class was my nightmare (噩梦) and it made me feel that I was not as good as others. Miss Forsythe was our P.E. teacher. She was young and active. Everyone liked her. She said that we all had to come to her class. No one could 3 from Miss Forsythe! One day in her class, she told me that she wanted me to play a game with another girl in a P.E. show. I was rather worried that I wouldn’t do a good job when she 4 her idea, but she was excited. With her encouragement, I had no 5 but to agree. It was a “boy meets girl” game which was not strange to me. I played the boy and my classmates, Margaret Ann, acted the girl. We were dressed in evening clothes and danced around the floor. According to Miss Forsythe, I had to pick up Margaret Ann when we finished the dance. Since I was not 6 enough to pick the tallest girl up, it was she who picked me up. I suddenly felt ten feet tall! It was a huge 7 and everybody applauded (鼓掌) for our excellent performance. What a wonderful ending! Afterwards, I smiled 8 . Miss Forsythe’s understanding and willingness (意愿) to create a place for me in her show (which certainly did not need me) gave me some much-needed confidence. She was and will always be my favorite teacher. 1．A．cool B．hard C．possible D．simple 2．A．subjects B．sports C．hobbies D．projects 3．A．learn B．miss C．hear D．hide 4．A．discussed B．considered C．explained D．suggested 5．A．choice B．idea C．opinion D．method 6．A．straight B．successful C．strong D．active 7．A．show B．success C．value D．problem 8．A．luckily B．hopefully C．properly D．confidently 10 Once in a science lesson, Mr Scott gave us a talk about an animal called Wampus which lived on earth millions of years ago and died out because of the change of climate. We all listened 1 and took notes of everything he said. Later we had a test. When the exam paper was returned to me, I was surprised and sad. There was a big red “×” through each of my 2 . I failed. But Why? Anyway on the test paper, I had written down what Mr Scott said in class. Then I realized that no one passed the exam at all. What had happened? Mr Scott explained. “I 3 all that story about the Wampus. There had never been any such animal, so the information in your notes was not correct. Do you expect to get 4 marks for wrong answers?” Hearing this, we felt it hard to understand, so we were 5 . What kind of test was this? What kind of teacher was he? How was it possible for us students to doubt（质疑）what the teacher taught us? “The zeros on your papers will be 6 in your grade books,” he said. And he did it. Through this experience, Mr. Scott hoped that we would learn something. Teachers and books are not always right. In fact, no one is. He told us not to let our mind go to sleep. Instead, we should keep 7 all the time and speak up if we think there are mistakes in our teachers’ words or in books. We should develop the habit of doubting（质疑）, and the 8 to decide by ourselves. What a special lesson he gave us! I will always remember it. 1．A．quickly B．carefully C．carelessly D．politely 2．A．questions B．words C．notes D．answers 3．A．looked up B．put up C．made up D．got up 4．A．useful B．high C．exact D．low 5．A．worried B．glad C．excited D．angry 6．A．recorded B．described C．collected D．heard 7．A．smiling B．exercising C．thinking D．listening 8．A．ability B．standard C．hobby D．excuse / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 考前清单08.完形填空试题类型的宏观与微观分析及解答策略 ▲宏观分析 中考英语完形填空试题的主要类型 类型 分析 举例 词汇辨析题 考查对近义词、反义词、同根词、形近词等的辨析能力，需要根据上下文语境准确理解词汇的细微差别，选择最合适的单词。 In the story, the boy was very _ because he got a new toy. A. sad B. happy C. angry D. tired（根据 “got a new toy” 可知，男孩得到新玩具应该是开心的，所以选 B。这里考查了描述情绪的形容词的辨析。） 固定搭配题 涉及动词与介词、副词的搭配，名词与介词的搭配，形容词与介词的搭配等固定用法。学生需要熟悉常见的固定搭配，根据句子结构和语境来选择正确的搭配。 The little girl is looking _ her lost cat everywhere. A. at B. for C. after D. up（“look for” 是 “寻找” 的意思，根据 “lost cat” 可知是寻找丢失的猫，所以选 B，考查了动词 look 与不同介词的搭配。） 语法知识题 考查各种语法规则，如时态、语态、从句、虚拟语气等。需要根据上下文的时态一致性、句子结构以及语法规则来判断正确的选项。 When I got to the station, the train _ already. A. left B. has left C. had left D. will leave（“got to the station” 是过去的动作，火车离开发生在到达车站之前，即 “过去的过去”，所以用过去完成时 had left，选 C，考查了时态的用法。） 逻辑推理题 要求学生根据上下文的逻辑关系，如因果、转折、并列、递进等，来推断出正确的答案。需要理解文章的主旨和段落之间、句子之间的逻辑联系。 It was raining heavily, _ we had to stay at home. A. so B. but C. and D. or（因为雨下得很大，所以我们不得不待在家里，前后是因果关系，所以选 A。） 上下文理解题 主要考查对文章整体内容和细节的理解，答案往往需要通过对上下文的综合分析才能得出，可能涉及到对人物情感、行为动机、事件发展等方面的理解。 The author was _ when he saw the old man struggling. He decided to help him. A. moved B. bored C. surprised D. scared（根据 “He decided to help him” 可知作者看到老人挣扎时被打动了，所以选 A，需要通过对下文作者行为的理解来判断他当时的情感。） ▲微观分析 词汇辨析题的类型 类型 分析 举例 近义词辨析 考查意义相近但在语义、用法或搭配上有细微差别的词汇。需要根据上下文的具体语境来区分它们的不同，选择最符合文意的词。 The old man looked very ____. He needed some help. A. tired B. exhausted C. weary 这三个词都有 “累的” 意思，但 “exhausted” 程度最深，强调精疲力竭；“weary” 除了身体疲劳外，还常带有精神上的厌倦；“tired” 是最常用的，泛指身体或精神上的疲劳。根据语境，这里只是说老人看起来需要帮助，用 “tired” 更合适，说明他只是一般的疲劳状态。 反义词辨析 给出意义相反的词汇选项，要求学生根据文章的逻辑和上下文来判断应该选择哪个词。这需要学生理解文章的主旨和情感倾向，以确定是表达肯定还是否定的意思。 The door was ____, so I couldn't get into the room. A. open B. closed “open” 表示 “开着的”，“closed” 表示 “关着的”。根据 “我进不去房间” 可知门是关着的，应选 “closed”。通过对文章中行为结果的描述，来判断门的状态，从而选择正确的反义词。 同根词辨析 考查具有相同词根但不同词缀的词汇，这些词虽然有一定的关联，但词性和词义会有所不同。学生需要掌握词缀的含义和用法，以及同根词在不同语境中的具体意义。 We should be ____ of our country. A. proud B. pride “proud” 是形容词，“be proud of” 表示 “为…… 感到骄傲”；“pride” 是名词，常用搭配有 “take pride in”。这里根据 “be” 动词和句子结构，需要用形容词 “proud”。 形近词辨析 选项中的词汇在拼写或词形上相似，但词义不同。学生容易因混淆而选错，需要仔细辨别它们的差异，并结合上下文来确定正确的单词。 I ____ my keys at home this morning. A. left B. let C. lift “left” 是 “leave” 的过去式，有 “留下；遗忘” 的意思；“let” 是 “让；使” 的意思；“lift” 有 “举起；抬起” 等意思。根据语境 “把钥匙忘在家里”，应该用 “left”。这里通过对词形相似但词义不同的词进行辨析，考查学生对词汇的准确掌握。 词类辨析 涉及不同词性的词汇选项，如名词、动词、形容词、副词等。学生要根据句子的语法结构和词汇在句中的作用来判断应该选择哪种词性的词。 The little girl danced ____ at the party. A. beautiful B. beautifully “beautiful” 是形容词，“beautifully” 是副词。这里需要一个副词来修饰动词 “danced”，表示跳舞的状态，所以选 “beautifully”。通过分析句子中动词的修饰成分，来确定选择形容词还是副词，考查学生对词类用法的理解。 固定搭配题的类型 类型 分析 举例 动词 + 介词 / 副词 考查动词与特定介词或副词搭配构成的短语，其含义通常与单个词的意思有所不同，需要牢记这些固定搭配的含义和用法。 I looked everywhere but couldn't ______ my keys.（A. look for B. find out C. find D. search for）答案是 C。“look for” 和 “search for” 都有 “寻找” 的意思，但强调动作过程；“find out” 意为 “查明，弄清楚”；“find” 强调结果，“找到”。根据语境 “我到处看但没找到钥匙”，强调结果用 “find”。再如：He gets along well with his classmates. （“get along with” 表示 “与…… 相处”） 动词 + 名词 涉及动词与名词的固定搭配，这些搭配在语义和用法上较为固定，是英语表达中的常用结构。 We should ______ a good habit of reading.（A. make B. take C. form D. get）答案是 C。“form a habit” 表示 “形成一个习惯”，是固定搭配。又如：She made a decision to study harder.（“make a decision” 表示 “做决定”） 介词 + 名词 考查介词与名词组合成的固定短语，它们在句子中常作状语、定语等，表达特定的时间、地点、方式等概念。 The book is ______ the table.（A. in front of B. in the front of C. on front of D. on the front of）答案是 A。“in front of” 表示 “在……（外部）的前面”，“in the front of” 表示 “在……（内部）的前面”，根据书与桌子的位置关系，应选 “in front of”。再如：He has been away for a long time.（“for a long time” 表示 “很长时间”） 形容词 + 介词 这类固定搭配用于描述人或事物的特征、状态等与其他事物的关系，不同的形容词与介词搭配有特定的含义。 She is very good ______ math.（A. at B. in C. on D. for）答案是 A。“be good at” 表示 “擅长……”。又如：He is interested in reading books.（“be interested in” 表示 “对…… 感兴趣”） 副词 + 动词 副词修饰动词形成的固定搭配，副词通常说明动词的方式、程度、频率等。 Please ______ the light when you leave the room.（A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down）答案是 B。“turn on” 表示 “打开”；“turn off” 表示 “关闭”；“turn up” 表示 “调高（音量等）；出现”；“turn down” 表示 “调低（音量等）；拒绝”。根据 “离开房间” 可知要关灯，用 “turn off”。再如：He went on working until midnight.（“go on” 表示 “继续”） 语法知识题的类型 类型 分析 举例 动词时态和语态 考查在特定语境中正确使用动词的时态和语态。需要根据上下文的时间线索、动作发生的先后顺序等来确定动词的形式。同时要注意主动语态和被动语态的区别及用法。 I ____ (see) the film twice before. 根据 “twice before” 可知，这里表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，所以填 “have seen”。 The book ____ (write) by a famous writer. 书是被作家写的，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填 “was written”。 从句引导词 涉及各类从句（如宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句等）引导词的选择。要根据从句的类型、从句在句子中的作用以及引导词的语法功能和语义来确定。 I don't know ____ he will come tomorrow. 这里是宾语从句，根据语境 “我不知道他明天是否会来”，表示 “是否”，应用 “if /whether” 引导。 The boy ____ is standing there is my brother. 这是定语从句，先行词是 “boy”，在从句中作主语，应用 “who” 或 “that” 引导。 名词的数与所有格 考查名词单复数的变化规则以及名词所有格的用法。要注意一些特殊名词的复数形式，以及在表示所属关系时如何正确使用所有格。 There are many ____ (book) on the shelf. “many” 修饰可数名词复数，所以填 “books”。 This is my ____ (father) car. 表示 “我父亲的车”，应用名词所有格 “father's”。 代词的用法 包括人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词等的用法。要注意代词的主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词等形式的区别，以及在句子中所充当的成分。 ____ (I) mother is a teacher. 这里需要用形容词性物主代词修饰 “mother”，所以填 “My”。 There is ____ (something) wrong with my bike. 表示 “我的自行车出了点问题”，在肯定句中用 “something”。 形容词和副词的比较级与最高级 考查形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成及用法。根据语境判断是两者比较还是多者比较，以及是否有特定的比较范围或标志词。 He is ____ (tall) than his brother. 由 “than” 可知用比较级，“tall” 的比较级是 “taller”。 This is the ____ (interesting) book I have ever read. 根据 “ever read” 可知是在很多书中比较，应用最高级 “most interesting”。 主谓一致 考查主语和谓语在人称和数上的一致性。要注意不同类型的主语（如单数主语、复数主语、集体名词作主语等）与谓语动词的搭配规则。 The number of students in our class ____ (be) 50. “The number of + 可数名词复数” 作主语，谓语动词用单数，所以填 “is”。 My family ____ (be) watching TV now. 这里 “family” 指家庭成员，是复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式 “are”。 逻辑推理题的类型 类型 分析 举例 上下文逻辑推理 根据上下文的内容、情节发展、情感变化等进行推理判断。需要理解文章的整体意思，把握段落之间、句子之间的逻辑关系，如因果、转折、并列、递进等。 I was really tired after a long day of work. ___, I still decided to go to the gym to exercise.（A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Instead） 前文说工作一天后很累，后文说还是决定去健身房锻炼，前后是转折关系，所以选 A。 情感态度推理 通过文章中描述的人物行为、语言、心理活动等细节，推断人物的情感态度，如高兴、悲伤、愤怒、惊讶、满意、不满等，以及作者的情感倾向和写作意图。 When she heard the good news, her face lit up and she had a big smile on her face. It was clear that she was very ___.（A. sad B. angry C. happy D. nervous） 从 “脸亮了起来” 和 “脸上有个大大的笑容” 可以推断出她是高兴的，所以选 C。 常识推理 借助生活常识、文化背景知识、科普知识等来进行推理判断。要求考生具备一定的综合知识储备，并能将其运用到解题中。 It was getting dark, so she turned on the ___ to see clearly.（A. radio B. TV C. light D. computer） 根据生活常识，天黑了要打开灯来看清楚，所以选 C。 指代关系推理 确定代词（如 it, he, she, they, this, that 等）所指代的对象，通常需要结合上下文，分析句子结构和语义，找出与代词在逻辑上一致的先行词。 Tom and Jack are good friends. They often play basketball together. ___ always have a great time.（A. He B. She C. They D. It） 这里的代词指代前面提到的 “Tom and Jack”，是两个人，所以用 they，选 C。 词义复现推理 文章中某些关键信息会以原词、同义词、近义词或反义词等形式重复出现，通过识别这些复现的词汇来推断答案。 The little girl was very ___ because she lost her favorite toy. Later, her mother bought her a new one and her sadness disappeared.（A. happy B. sad C. excited D. angry） 后面提到 “sadness”，说明小女孩之前是难过的，所以选 B，“sad” 与 “sadness” 是同根词复现。 中上下文理解题的类型 类型 分析 举例 因果关系推理 根据上下文的因果逻辑来推断答案。需要找出事件发生的原因或结果，可能有明显的因果关联词，如 because, so, therefore, as a result 等，也可能需要从上下文的情节中隐含的因果关系进行推理。 The road was icy, ___ I drove very slowly.（A. but B. so C. because D. or） 前面提到道路结冰，后面说开车很慢，两者是因果关系，道路结冰是原因，开车慢是结果，所以用 so 连接，答案选 B。 转折关系推理 通过识别上下文的转折逻辑来选择正确答案。常见的转折词有 but, however, although, though, yet 等。要理解前后文在意思上的相反或对比关系。 He is very rich, ___ he is not happy.（A. and B. but C. or D. so） “rich” 和 “not happy” 形成对比，前后是转折关系，所以选 B。 递进关系推理 判断上下文在意思上是否存在递进关系，即后一句比前一句在程度、范围、数量等方面更进一步。常出现的词有 besides, moreover, furthermore, what's more 等。 She is good at English. Besides, she ___ speaks French very well.（A. also B. too C. either D. yet） 前面说她擅长英语，后面说她法语也说得很好，是在进一步说明她的语言能力，“besides” 提示递进关系，also 用于句中表示 “也”，符合语境，答案选 A。 顺承关系推理 依据上下文的时间顺序、动作先后顺序或事件发展的逻辑顺序进行推理。通常没有明显的关联词，需要根据情节的自然发展来判断。 First, we cleaned the classroom. Then, we ___ the desks and chairs.（A. paint B. painted C. are painting D. will paint） “first” 和 “then” 表明动作的先后顺序，前面用了一般过去时 “cleaned”，后面也应保持时态一致，用 painted，答案选 B。 对比关系推理 分析上下文是否存在对比，可能是不同人物、事物、情况之间的对比，通过对比来突出某些特点或差异，从而推断出答案。 Some students like reading books, while ___ prefer playing sports.（A. other B. others C. the other D. another） “while” 表示对比，“some...others...” 是固定搭配，表示 “一些…… 另一些……”，这里是学生中喜欢读书和喜欢运动的两类人对比，所以选 B。 （建议用时：40分钟） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 1 A girl suspended with her feet flailing. Recently, we went on a six-day field trip. I had many heart-warming memories. The most memorable part for me was climbing the “Graduation Wall”, a 4.2-meter barrier (障碍) we had to climb without any tools. As sunlight cast an orange glow over its brown surface, the 1 began with a countdown. At the beginning, the boys climbed so easily that they made the wall seem less scary. However, after I watched a girl suspend with her feet failing, my fear built up as I imagined her possible fall. Finally, it was my turn. My heart 2 and I was more scared. Shaking slightly, I was unwilling to step on my classmates’ knees and shoulders, meanwhile I 3 my dirty shoes would get their clothes dirty. Then, the boy below called out, “Just step on my shoulder!” as if he sensed my unwillingness. With apologies in my mind, I 4 placed my feet on his shoulder, though I was driven by the supportive spirit of my classmates. The climb was unexpectedly smooth. I didn’t know clearly whose hand I was holding, I was quickly 5 up, and my legs followed. I was on the top and looked over the edge from my new point on the platform. In only a few seconds, I had risen above the terrible height of 4.2 meters that had seemed impossible before. As it turned out, our class completed the challenge in just 16 minutes! However, it wasn’t the impressive time that 6 me most, but rather the strong 7 : Every gaze was fixed upward, and every hand was stretched out firmly to safeguard the climber. The sight of reddened shoulders and sweaty palms (手掌), with waves of encouragement and cheers, made me realize that it’s our cooperative spirit that 8 a deep sense of belonging and unity. 1．A．game B．experience C．lesson D．challenge 2．A．raced B．beat C．ran D．broke 3．A．knew B．said C．feared D．thought 4．A．closely B．bravely C．anxiously D．carefully 5．A．mixed B．lifted C．moved D．put 6．A．encouraged B．expected C．affected D．respected 7．A．will B．encouragement C．trust D．support 8．A．creates B．invents C．means D．owns 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A 【解析】本文主要讲述了作者参加为期六天的实地考察时，给作者留下的最有感触的回忆。 1．句意：当阳光在它棕色的表面投下橘黄色的光芒时，挑战开始倒计时。 game比赛；experience经历；lesson课程，教训；challenge挑战。根据“we had to climb without any tools.”及“began with a countdown”可知，这种挑战开始倒计时，故选D。 2．句意：我的心跳加速，我更害怕了。 raced快速运转；beat击败；ran跑；broke打破。根据“My heart”可知，心跳加速，故选A。 3．句意：我微微颤抖着，不愿意踩到同学们的膝盖和肩膀，同时我又担心我的脏鞋子会弄脏他们的衣服。 knew知道；said说；feared害怕；thought认为。根据“my dirty shoes would get their clothes dirty”可知，害怕自己的脏鞋子会弄脏他们的衣服，故选C。 4．句意：带着歉意，我小心翼翼地把脚放在他的肩膀上，尽管我被同学们的支持精神所驱使。 closely紧密地；bravely勇敢地；anxiously不安地；carefully小心地。根据“Shaking slightly, I was unwilling to step on my classmates’ knees and shoulders”可知，作者是不愿意踩在同学们的肩膀上，所以此处指小心翼翼地把脚放在他的肩膀上，故选D。 5．句意：我很快被举起来，我的腿也跟着举起来。 mixed混合；lifted举起；moved移动；put放。根据“I was on the top and looked over the edge from my new point on the platform”可知，作者被下面的人举了起来，故选B。 6．句意：然而，最让我印象深刻的不是那段时光，而是那段强有力的支持。 encouraged努力；expected期待；affected影响；respected尊敬。根据“However, it wasn’t the impressive time that …me most, but rather the strong.”可知，此处指对作者影响最大的，故选C。 7．句意：然而，最让我印象深刻的不是那段时光，而是那段强有力的支持。 will意愿；encouragement鼓励；trust信任；support支持。根据“though I was driven by the supportive spirit of my classmates.”可知，同学们给予的支持让作者最为感动，故选D。 8．句意：红红的肩膀和汗流浃背的手掌，伴随着一阵阵的鼓励和欢呼，让我意识到，是我们的合作精神创造了一种深刻的归属感和团结感。 creates创造；invents发明；means意味着；owns拥有。根据“it’s our cooperative spirit that… a deep sense of belonging and unity.”可知，合作精神创造了一种深刻的归属感和团结感，故选A。 2 The Lunchroom Robot “Robot! Tie my shoe!” Another sixth-grade boy poured 1 on the floor. “Robot! Clean up my mess!” Lee had a knot (结) in his stomach as he watched the older kids bossing the lunchroom robot around. The robot tied the shoe and cleaned the floor, but it moved 2 , very tiredly. Its head hung down as it rolled from task to task. It almost seemed sad. Lee tried and failed to shake the bad 3 . It couldn’t possibly be... could it? The school bell signaled that lunch period was over. The sixth graders left, laughing as the robot continued to clean up the milk. Lee collected his lunch tray, his eyes still on the robot. After it finished 4 , it rolled up against the wall. It seemed to lean its head against the white cinder blocks. Lee walked toward the robot uncertainly, “Are you... okay?” he asked. The robot turned its blocky head toward Lee. Lee looked into the raindrop-shaped cameras that served as the robot’s eyes. They looked the same as always, but he knew there was something 5 behind them. Lee patted the robot’s back panel (面板). “I think I know how you feel,” he said. “Those kids shouldn’t 6 you that way. They should at least be polite when you do your job.” The robot looked up at Lee and the words Thank you scrolled across the front display in blue letters. Lee smiled. “You’re welcome.” The next day, the sixth graders were at it again. One of them threw candies across the floor. “Robot, pick them up!” he said. As Lee watched from another table, his face 7 . He nearly stood up to say something, but the robot didn’t move. “Robot!” the boy demanded. Lee got up from his seat and walked over. The sixth graders watched him with 8 . “Robot,” Lee said. “Could you pick up the candies for us, please?” The robot began sweeping up the candies. Lee turned to the sixth graders. “Remember to say THANK YOU, too.” 1．A．milk B．water C．tea D．coffee 2．A．carefully B．happily C．curiously D．slowly 3．A．luck B．feeling C．habit D．relationship 4．A．collecting B．examining C．cleaning D．preparing 5．A．interesting B．exciting C．serious D．different 6．A．treat B．beat C．cheat D．attract 7．A．hurt B．burned C．froze D．shone 8．A．admiration B．pride C．surprise D．fear 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．C 【解析】本文主要讲述了Lee和餐厅机器人之间的故事。 1．句意：另一个六年级的男孩把牛奶倒在地板上。 milk牛奶；water水；tea茶；coffee咖啡。根据下文“as the robot continued to clean up the milk”可知，男孩是倒的牛奶。故选A。 2．句意：机器人系好鞋带，打扫了地板，但它走得很慢，很累。 carefully小心地；happily开心地；curiously好奇地；slowly慢地。根据“very tiredly”可知，此处应指走地慢。故选D。 3．句意：Lee试图摆脱这种不好的感觉，但失败了。 luck运气；feeling感觉；habit习惯；relationship关系。根据“Its head hung down as it rolled from task to task. It almost seemed sad.”可知，此处应指Lee的感觉。故选B。 4．句意：它打扫完后，就靠在墙上卷了起来。 collecting收集；examining检查；cleaning打扫；preparing准备。根据上文“Clean up my mess!”可知，此处应指打扫完后。故选C。 5．句意：它们看起来和往常一样，但他知道它们背后有些不同。 interesting有趣的；exciting令人兴奋的；serious严重的；different不同的。根据“They looked the same as always”与“but”可知，此处but表示转折，前文表示他们看起来和往常一样，but后应表示不同。故选D。 6．句意：那些孩子不应该那样对你。 treat对待；beat打；cheat欺骗；attract吸引。根据“ ‘I think I know how you feel’ he said. ‘Those kids shouldn’t … you that way.’ ”可知此处应指Lee认为那些孩子不应该那样对待机器人。故选A。 7．句意：Lee在另一张桌子上看着，他的脸发烫。 hurt伤害；burned燃烧；froze冻住；shone发光。根据“ ‘Those kids shouldn’t … you that way. They should at least be polite when you do your job.’ ”与“One of them threw candies across the floor. ‘Robot, pick them up!’ he said.”可知，此处应表示Lee看到那些男孩对待机器人的态度脸发烫。故选B。 8．句意：六年级的学生惊奇地看着他。 admiration崇拜；pride自豪；surprise惊奇；fear害怕。根据“Lee got up from his seat and walked over.”可知，Lee站起来并走向机器人，因此大家应该是感到惊讶。故选C。 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 3 The Magic of a Book One day when I was 11, my mother gave me an order: I was to walk to the public library, and borrow at least one book for the summer. This was one more weapon for her to defeat (战胜) my strange problem—inability to 1 . In the library, I found my way into the “Children’s Room”. I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the 2 at random (随机的). The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child. He was my secret sharer, but one morning, he was gone. I never forgot my beagle. There on the book’s cover was a beagle which looked the same to my dog. I ran my fingers over the 3 of the dog on the cover. My eyes run across the title, Amos, the Beagle with a Plan. Unknowingly, I had read the title without 4 the book. I borrowed it from the library for the summer. Under the shade of a bush, I started to read about Amos. I read it with difficulty. Though pages were turned 5 , I got the main idea of the story about a dog who, like mine, had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home. That dog was my dog, and I was the little boy in the book. At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own 6 dog and I were, in my mind, running together. My mother’s call made me 7 to the real world. I suddenly realized something: I had read a book, and I had loved reading that book. Everyone knew I could not read. But I had read it. Books could be incredibly wonderful and I was going to read them. I never told my mother about my “miraculous” (奇迹般的) experience that summer, but she saw a slow but noticeable 8 in my classroom performance during the next year. 1．A．draw B．speak C．hear D．read 2．A．box B．table C．board D．shelf 3．A．name B．picture C．toy D．food 4．A．opening B．writing C．packing D．checking 5．A．freely B．quietly C．slowly D．carefully 6．A．clever B．lost C．cute D．wounded 7．A．return B．go C．point D．move 8．A．success B．thought C．improvement D．process 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 【解析】本文介绍了作者由不喜欢读书到喜欢的过程。 1．句意：这是她战胜我这个奇怪问题的又一个武器——不会读书。 draw画画；speak说；hear听；read读。根据下文内容可知，作者在阅读方面有困难。故选D。 2．句意：我坐在地板上，随意地从书架上取下几本书。 box盒子；table桌子；board板；shelf架子。根据“pulled a few books off the”可知是从架子上取下一些书。故选D。 3．句意：我用手指抚摸封面上那只狗的照片。 name名字；picture图片；toy玩具；food食物。根据“of the dog on the cover.”可知是书皮上狗的图片。故选B。 4．句意：不知不觉，我没打开书就读了书名。 opening打开；writing写；packing打包；checking检查。根据“Unknowingly, I had read the title”可知是没有打开书。故选A。 5．句意：尽管翻页很慢，我了解了这个故事的大意，关于一只狗，它和我的一样，与家人失散了，最终找到了回家的路。 freely自由地；quietly安静地；slowly慢地；carefully认真地。根据“I read it with difficulty”可知阅读有困难，所以翻页很慢。故选C。 6．句意：在故事的最后，我的脑海里继续着团聚的最后一幕，一次又一次，直到我和我自己丢失的狗在我的脑海中一起奔跑。 clever聪明的；lost丢失的；cute可爱的；wounded受伤的。根据“one morning, he was gone”可知是丢失的狗。故选B。 7．句意：母亲的呼唤让我回到了现实世界。 return返回；go去；point指；move移动。根据“to the real world”可知是回到现实世界。故选A。 8．句意：但在接下来的一年里她看到我的课堂表现有了缓慢但明显的改善。 success成功；thought想法；improvement改善；process过程。根据“but she saw a slow but noticeable...”可知是课堂表现有了明显的改变。故选C。 4 The Lost and Found Kite Emily was an energetic young girl in her neighbourhood. She 1 flying kites. She has a collection of colourful kites, each one with its own special story. One sunny afternoon, Emily took her favourite kite, a bright red one that her 2 had given her, to the nearby park. The kite flew high in the sky, dancing with the wind’s movement. It was a beautiful sight, and Emily felt a sense of freedom as she controlled the kite. But suddenly, an unexpected gust (一阵) of wind pulled the treasured red kite from her hand and it 3 into the sky. She spent hours searching for her lost kite, but it was nowhere to be found. Her eyes welled with tears (眼泪), and her heart ached (疼痛) with loss. She couldn’t 4 how something so dear to her had left her. As days turned into weeks, Emily couldn’t shake the feeling of sadness that hung (笼罩) over her. She missed her kite 5 . But as time went on, she began to realize that her connection to the kite wasn’t just about the physical object. It was about the 6 she had created while flying it with her grandfather. To fill the emptiness left by her lost kite, Emily decided to create new memories. She spent time with her grandfather, listening to his stories and learning from his wisdom. The connection between them grew stronger, and Emily discovered that the love and warmth they shared were more 7 than any other object. One sunny day, as Emily and her grandfather sat under an old tree, a gust of wind ruffled (吹动) the leaves above them. Emily realized that the wind was just like the unseen 8 between her and her grandfather. It was a reminder that the love they shared, and the memories they created, were always with her, just like the kite flying high in the endless sky. 1．A．practices B．finishes C．loves D．minds 2．A．father B．grandfather C．neighbour D．friend 3．A．lost B．broke C．climbed D．disappeared 4．A．prove B．judge C．realize D．understand 5．A．dearly B．carefully C．naturally D．normally 6．A．kites B．chances C．memories D．situations 7．A．interesting B．valuable C．popular D．peaceful 8．A．connection B．words C．thoughts D．behaviours 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 【解析】本文主要讲了Emily喜爱放风筝，她最喜爱的红色风筝被一阵风吹走了，她为此难过很久，后来她意识到与爷爷一起放风筝的回忆以及他们之间的爱和温暖比风筝更珍贵。 1．句意：她喜欢放风筝。 practices练习；finishes完成；loves喜欢；minds介意。根据下文“She has a collection of colourful kites”可知，她喜欢放风筝。故选C。 2．句意：一个阳光明媚的下午，艾米丽带着她最喜欢的风筝，那是她爷爷送给她的一只鲜红的风筝，来到附近的公园。 father父亲；grandfather爷爷；neighbour邻居；friend朋友。根据下文“She spent time with her grandfather, listening to his stories and learning from his wisdom.”可知，这风筝是她爷爷给她的。故选B。 3．句意：但是，突然，一阵意想不到的风把她珍贵的红风筝从手中拽了下来，它消失在天空中。 lost丢失；broke破坏；climbed攀爬；disappeared消失。根据“But suddenly, an unexpected gust (一阵) of wind pulled the treasured red kite from her hand”可知，突如其来的一阵风使风筝消失在空中。故选D。 4．句意：她无法理解对她来说如此珍贵的东西怎么会离开她。 prove证明；judge判断；realize意识到；understand理解。根据“She couldn’t...how something so dear to her had left her.”可知，此处指的是她无法理解如此珍贵的东西怎么会离开她。故选D。 5．句意：她非常思念她的风筝。 dearly非常；carefully仔细地；naturally自然地；normally正常地。由前文“ As days turned into weeks, Emily couldn’t shake the feeling of sadness that hung over her.”可知，她非常思念风筝。故选A。 6．句意：是关于她和爷爷一起放风筝时所创造的回忆。 kites风筝；chances机会；memories记忆；situations情况。根据“while flying it with her grandfather”可知，和爷爷一起放风筝是他们共同创造的回忆。故选C。 7．句意：他们之间的联系越来越紧密，艾米丽发现他们所分享的爱和温暖比任何其他东西都更珍贵。 interesting有趣的；valuable珍贵的；popular受欢迎的；peaceful平静的。根据“The connection between them grew stronger, and Emily discovered that the love and warmth they shared were more...than any other object.”可知，此处指的是分享的爱和温暖比其他东西都更珍贵。故选B。 8．句意：艾米丽意识到，风就像她和祖父之间看不见的联系。 connection联系；words文字；thoughts思想；behaviours行为。根据“But as time went on, she began to realize that her connection to the kite wasn’t just about the physical object. ”可知，前文已经提及过“connection”，此处“风就像她和祖父之间看不见的联系”也呼应了前文。故选A。 5 Rich or poor, young or old, we all have problems. We can easily become unhappy 1 we solve our problems. 2 our problems can affect (影响) how we do things at school or at home. So how do we deal with our problems? Most of us have probably been angry 3 our friends, parents or teachers. Perhaps they said something you didn’t like, or you felt they were unfair. Sometimes, people can stay angry for years about a small problem. Time goes by, and good friendships may 4 . When we are angry, however, we are usually the ones affected. Have you ever seen young children playing together? But they fight very soon, and decide not to talk to each other. However, this usually doesn’t 5 for long. They become good friends again. This is an important lesson for us, we can solve a problem by learning to forget. Many students often complain (抱怨) about school. They might feel they have too much work to do sometimes, or think the rules are too strict. We must learn how to change these “problems” into “challenges”. As young adults, it is our duty 6 our best to deal with challenges with the help of our teachers. By comparing yourself to other people, you will find your problems are not so 7 . Think about Stephen Hawking, for example, a very clever scientist. He can’t walk or even speak, but he regards his many physical problems as unimportant. Now he is known 8 a great scientist in the world. We are probably quite healthy and smart. Let’s not worry about our problems. Let’s face the challenges. 1．A．unless B．if C．when D．as 2．A．Looking up B．Worrying about C．Setting up D．Hearing about 3．A．of B．to C．with D．in 4．A．lose B．be lost C．keep D．be kept 5．A．make B．do C．produce D．last 6．A．to try B．to have C．to put D．to keep 7．A．terrible B．pleasant C．painless D．useful 8．A．about B．for C．with D．as 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．A 8．D 【解析】本文主要讲的是我们总是会遇到问题，并为自身的问题感到忧虑，文中就此给出了一些建议。 1．句意：除非我们解决问题，否则我们很容易变得不快乐。 unless除非；if如果；when当……时候；as因为。根据空前后句的句意可知，此处表示否定条件。故选A。 2．句意：担心我们的问题会影响我们在学校或家里做事的方式。 Looking up查阅；Worrying about担心；Setting up设立；Hearing about听说。根据下文“So how do we deal with our problems?”可知，作者介绍一些解决问题的方式，所以此处表示担心问题会造成不良的影响。故选B。 3．句意：我们大多数人可能都生过朋友、父母或老师的气。 of……的；to朝；with和；in在……里。be angry with sb. “跟某人生气”，固定词组。故选C。 4．句意：随着时间的流逝，美好的友谊可能会失去。 lose失去，动词原形；be lost被失去，被动语态；keep保持，动词原形；be kept被保持，被动语态。根据上文“Sometimes, people can stay angry for years about a small problem.”可知，此处指失去美好的友谊；分析句子结构可知，空处所在句的主语与谓语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，此处应用被动语态。故选B。 5．句意：然而，这种情况通常不会持续太久。 make制造；do做；produce生产；last持续。根据下文“They become good friends again. This is an important lesson for us, we can solve a problem by learning to forget.”可知，此处指这种情况通常不会持续太久，他们又会成为好朋友。故选D。 6．句意：作为年轻人，我们有责任在老师的帮助下尽力应对挑战。 to try努力；to have拥有；to put放；to keep保存。try one’s best to do sth.“尽某人最大努力做某事”，固定词组。故选A。 7．句意：通过拿自己和别人作比较，你会发现你的问题并不是很严重。 terrible严重的；pleasant高兴的；painless无痛的；useful有用的。根据下文“Think about Stephen Hawking, for example, a very clever scientist. He can’t walk or even speak, but he regards his many physical problems as unimportant.”可知，作者是通过 Stephen Hawking的例子来说明通过拿自己和别人作比较，你会发现你的问题并不是很严重。故选A。 8．句意：现在他被称为世界上伟大的科学家。 about关于；for为了；with和；as作为。be known as+职业 “作为……而闻名”，固定词组。故选D。 6 When I was about 12 years old, my friends and I decided that we wanted a pet mouse. The pet shop wouldn’t sell us one unless we had a 1 from a parent, so, having the neatest handwriting, I forged (伪造) one. My deception (骗局) was soon 2 and everything went terribly wrong. My mum felt that the punishment should fit the crime, so she made me write letters to a few selected relatives. One of them was my uncle who I’d only met a few times when I was a little kid. I wrote a 3 letter detailing my life and listing my interests. My punishment was complete. During the following days I nearly forgot about it, but I suddenly got a 4 from him one day. “How lovely it is to hear from you, “he said, and went on to tell me all about his life in his letter. He’d love to hear about what subjects at school I enjoyed. And so we started a correspondence (通信) that went on for several years. He turned out to be the most attractive man. Then out of the blue, he 5 . My mum heard of the bad news and was sad as they had not really spoken for years. I went upstairs and took out a box of letters, the last one being from just a few days before he had passed. My mum 6 herself reading them and knowing that although she hadn’t been in touch, I had grown 7 to him by writing to him. In fact, I then became friends with his wife, who I also wrote to for many years. I often think about how an act of childhood led to such rich 8 that lasted for many years. It encouraged me to write to lots of other people in fact, and it’s something I keep up with to this day. So, I’d encourage you to put pen to paper and see where it leads. 1．A．paper B．letter C．bill D．card 2．A．shared B．changed C．discovered D．repeated 3．A．long B．simple C．boring D．strange 4．A．photo B．reply C．gift D．call 5．A．painted B．noticed C．died D．smiled 6．A．protected B．praised C．enjoyed D．comforted 7．A．close B．patient C．strange D．similar 8．A．advice B．experience C．knowledge D．communication 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．D 【解析】本文主要讲述了作者想在店里买一只宠物，于是他伪造了一封母亲允许他买宠物的信，结果被发现了，作为惩罚，母亲要求作者给他的亲戚写信，作者随之与舅舅通信多年，直到舅舅去世，母亲很后悔没能与舅舅多多联系，得知作者和舅舅一直通信而感到欣慰，作者因此认为信能增进关系，鼓励读者写信。 1．句意：除非我们有父母的信，否则宠物店是不会卖给我们的，所以我用最整洁的笔迹伪造了一封。 paper纸；letter信；bill账单；card卡片。根据“having the neatest handwriting, I forged (伪造) one”及“My mum felt that the punishment should fit the crime, so she made me write letters...”可知，此处是指伪造了一封父母同意我买宠物的信。故选B。 2．句意：我的骗局很快就被发现了，一切都糟透了。 shared分享；changed改变；discovered发现；repeated重复。根据“My deception (骗局) was soon ... and everything went terribly wrong.”可知，此处是指骗局被发现了。故选C。 3．句意：我写了一封长信，详细介绍了我的生活，并列出了我的兴趣。 long长的；simple简单的；boring无聊的；strange奇怪的。根据“detailing my life and listing my interests.”可知，信的内容详细介绍了我的生活及兴趣，所以应该是一封长信。故选A。 4．句意：在接下来的日子里，我几乎忘记了这件事，但突然有一天我收到了他的回信。 photo照片；reply回复；gift礼物；call通话。根据“How lovely it is to hear from you”可知，作者收到了舅舅的回信。故选B。 5．句意：然后突然之间，他死了。 painted绘画；noticed注意；died死；smiled微笑。根据“I went upstairs and took out a box of letters, the last one being from just a few days before he had passed.”可知，舅舅去世了。故选C。 6．句意：我妈妈读着它们，安慰自己，她知道虽然她没有联系过他，但我通过给他写信已经和他亲近了。 protected保护；praised表扬；enjoyed享受；comforted安慰。根据“reading them”可知，母亲通过读着作者与舅舅之间的信来安慰自己。故选D。 7．句意：我妈妈读着它们，安慰自己，她知道虽然她没有联系过他，但我通过给他写信已经和他亲近了。 close亲近的；patient耐心的；strange奇怪的；similar类似的。根据“by writing to him.”可知，我通过写信与舅舅变得亲近了。故选A。 8．句意：我经常在想，童年的一个行为是如何导致如此丰富的交流，并持续多年的。 advice建议；experience经历；knowledge知识；communication交流。根据“It encouraged me to write to lots of other people”可知，此处是指通过写信与他人有了丰富的交流。故选D。 7 Strong support can help you grow A father and his son went to a kite-flying festival. The son was happy when he saw the sky 1 with colorful kites. He wanted to fly a kite, too. The father then bought a kite for his son. The son started to fly the kite. Soon, his kite was high up in the sky. 2 the son said, “Father, it seems that the string is stopping the kite 3 flying higher. If we cut it, it will be 4 and fly even higher. Can we cut it?” The father cut the string off of the reel（轴）. The kite started to go higher. This made the little boy happy. But then, slowly, the kite started to come down. It soon fell to the ground. The son was 5 to see this. He asked his father, “I thought that after cutting the string, the kite would fly 6 . Why did it fall down? ” The father explained, “The string was not stopping the kite from going higher, but was helping it 7 in the sky. You helped the kite go up in the right direction using the string. 8 when you cut the string, it could no longer support the kite.” We may sometimes feel like there are certain things that are holding us back and stopping us from growing. But in fact, these might be the things that support us the most. 1．A．painted B．filled C．kept D．appeared 2．A．Once in a while B．At last C．After a while D．Since then 3．A．from B．with C．of D．at 4．A．free B．smooth C．magical D．straight 5．A．nervous B．angry C．afraid D．surprised 6．A．faster B．higher C．closer D．harder 7．A．lie B．hang C．stay D．live 8．A．And B．Then C．But D． So 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．C 【解析】本文主要讲述了一位父亲带儿子参加风筝节的故事，这个故事告诉我们：有时候我们认为阻碍我们成长的东西可能是支持我们的东西。 1．句意：当儿子看到天空中充满了五颜六色的风筝时，他很高兴。 painted绘画；filled充满；kept保持；appeared出现。filled with“充满”，过去分词作后置定语修饰名词sky。故选B。 2．句意：过了一会儿，儿子说：“爸爸，似乎绳子阻止了风筝飞得更高。 Once in a while偶尔；At last最后；After a while过了一会；Since then从那时起。根据“Soon, his kite was high up in the sky.”可知，此处指过了一会儿。故选C。 3．句意：过了一会儿，儿子说：“爸爸，似乎绳子阻止了风筝飞得更高。 from来自；with和；of……的；at在。根据“stopping the kite…flying”可知，stop sth from doing“阻止……做”，故选A。 4．句意：如果我们剪掉它，它就会自由飞得更高。 free自由的；smooth光滑的；magical神奇的；straight直的。根据“If we cut it, it will be…and fly even higher.”可知，剪掉后，就会失去控制，不受约束，应该是自由的。故选A。 5．句意：儿子看见这感到惊讶。 nervous紧张的；angry生气的；afraid害怕的；surprised惊讶的。根据“But then, slowly, the kite started to come down. It soon fell to the ground.”可知，剪掉后，风筝慢慢地开始落下，与他的预期相反，应该是惊讶的。故选D。 6．句意：我以为剪断绳子后，风筝会飞得更高。 faster更快的；higher更高的；closer更近的；harder更难的。根据“If we cut it, it will be… and fly even higher.”可知，儿子以为剪断绳子后，风筝会飞得更高，故选B。 7．句意：绳子并没有阻止风筝飞得更高，而是帮助它留在天空中。 lie躺；hang挂；stay待；live住。根据“The string was not stopping the kite from going higher, but was helping it… in the sky. ”可知，有了绳子的约束，可以让风筝停留在天空中，故选C。 8．句意：但是当你剪断绳子时，它就不能再支撑风筝了。 And和；Then然后；But但是；So因此。空后表转折，使用连词But，故选C。 8 Last summer I got the chance to spend a month helping out in a hospital in Africa. I had one year left at school, and I was interested in studying medicine at university. It was a month that 1 my life. I was introduced to a world that is very different to mine in so many ways. I was shocked (震惊) at how poor so many families over there are and how 2 their lives can be. But I was also surprised at how positively people 3 their daily lives. The way they come together and help each other is a real inspiration (鼓舞), and something I think a lot of us here in the UK have forgotten. I think many of us don’t realize how 4 we are. My work in the hospital was hard. Not only did I spend a lot of time cleaning floors, but also I got to spend some time 5 the patients. And I got the chance to talk to some doctors and ask them about the 6 . I saw some truly awful things in the hospital, but none of them changed my mind about being a 7 . In fact, they only made me more determined to do medicine! When I finish, I know what I’m going to do: I want to work for a/an 8 organization like the Red Cross. I can’t wait to get started. 1．A．created B．changed C．turned D．afforded 2．A．strange B．wonderful C．beautiful D．difficult 3．A．spend B．take C．cost D．pay 4．A．funny B．proud C．lucky D．pretty 5．A．looking after B．counting down C．making up D．looking for 6．A．family B．job C．food D．hobby 7．A．worker B．manager C．teacher D．doctor 8．A．traditional B．classical C．international D．national 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在非洲工作的一个月所经历的事情，更加坚定了自己从医的决心。 1．句意：这是改变了我人生的一个月。 created创造；changed改变；turned转动；afforded提供。根据“I was introduced to a world that is very different to mine in so many ways.”可知，作者见到了一个完全不同的世界，作者认为这些改变了他的人生。故选B。 2．句意：我很震惊，那里有那么多贫穷的家庭，他们的生活是多么艰难。 strange奇怪的；wonderful奇妙的；beautiful美丽的；difficult困难的。根据“…how poor so many families over there…”可知，他们很贫穷，所以他们的生活很困难。故选D。 3．句意：但是，我也惊讶于人们如何积极地度过他们的日常生活。 spend度过；take拿；cost花费；pay支付。根据“But I was also surprised at how positively people…their daily lives.”可知，此处指度过他们的日常生活，故用spend“度过，花（时间）”。故选A。 4．句意：我觉得我们很多人没有意识到我们是多么幸运。 funny有趣的；proud骄傲的；lucky幸运的；pretty漂亮的。根据“My work in the hospital was hard. ”可知，作者在医院的工作是艰难的，因此作者感叹很多人没意识到自己是多么幸运。故选C。 5．句意：我不但花费大量时间清洁地面，而且还花费很多时间照顾病人。 looking after照顾；counting down倒计时；making up编造；looking for寻找。根据“but also I got to spend some time...the patients”可知，此处指照顾病人。spend some time doing sth.“花费一些时间做某事”。故选A。 6．句意：我有机会和一些医生谈话，询问他们关于工作的事情。 family家庭；job工作；food食物；hobby爱好。根据“And I got the chance to talk to some doctors and ask them about the...”并结合选项可知，此处指询问医生关于工作的事。故选B。 7．句意：我在医院看到了一些非常可怕的事，但是没有一件改变我当医生的想法。 worker工人；manager经理；teacher教师；doctor医生。根据“...but none of them changed my mind about being a...”并结合选项可知，but表示转折，指那些可怕的事没改变作者当医生的想法。故选D。 8．句意：当我完成这份工作后，我知道我要做什么：我要为像红十字会这样的国际组织工作。 traditional传统的；classical经典的；international国际的；national国家的。根据常识可知，红十字会是国际组织，所以此处指作者要为国际组织工作。故选C。 9 I was small for my age when I got into Millburn High School. I was shy and sometimes it was 1 for me to make friends with others. However, learning came fairly easy for me. I was the best in most of my 2 , but P.E. class was my nightmare (噩梦) and it made me feel that I was not as good as others. Miss Forsythe was our P.E. teacher. She was young and active. Everyone liked her. She said that we all had to come to her class. No one could 3 from Miss Forsythe! One day in her class, she told me that she wanted me to play a game with another girl in a P.E. show. I was rather worried that I wouldn’t do a good job when she 4 her idea, but she was excited. With her encouragement, I had no 5 but to agree. It was a “boy meets girl” game which was not strange to me. I played the boy and my classmates, Margaret Ann, acted the girl. We were dressed in evening clothes and danced around the floor. According to Miss Forsythe, I had to pick up Margaret Ann when we finished the dance. Since I was not 6 enough to pick the tallest girl up, it was she who picked me up. I suddenly felt ten feet tall! It was a huge 7 and everybody applauded (鼓掌) for our excellent performance. What a wonderful ending! Afterwards, I smiled 8 . Miss Forsythe’s understanding and willingness (意愿) to create a place for me in her show (which certainly did not need me) gave me some much-needed confidence. She was and will always be my favorite teacher. 1．A．cool B．hard C．possible D．simple 2．A．subjects B．sports C．hobbies D．projects 3．A．learn B．miss C．hear D．hide 4．A．discussed B．considered C．explained D．suggested 5．A．choice B．idea C．opinion D．method 6．A．straight B．successful C．strong D．active 7．A．show B．success C．value D．problem 8．A．luckily B．hopefully C．properly D．confidently 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 【解析】本文介绍了作者的体育老师Miss Forsythe在体育课上鼓励自己参加活动，老师的帮助提升了作者的自信心。 1．句意：我很害羞，有时候和别人交朋友对我来说很难。 cool凉爽的；hard困难的；possible可能的；simple简单的。根据“I was shy”可知，作者很害羞，所以交朋友对作者来说并不容易。故选B。 2．句意：我大部分科目都是最好的，但体育课是我的噩梦，它使我觉得我不如其他人好。 subjects科目；sports运动；hobbies爱好；projects项目。根据“I was the best in most of my...but P.E. class was my nightmare (噩梦) ”可知，but表示转折，后面说体育课是作者的噩梦，前面应该是说其他科目很好。故选A。 3．句意：没有人可以躲得过Miss Forsythe！ learn学习；miss想念；hear听见；hide躲避。根据“She said that we all had to come to her class.”可知，她说所有人都必须去她的课，没有人可以躲避她。故选D。 4．句意：当她解释她的想法时，我十分担心自己做不好，但是她很兴奋。 discussed讨论；considered仔细考虑 ；explained解释；suggested建议。根据“she told me that she wanted me to play a game with another girl in a P.E. show.”可知，Miss Forsythe告诉作者想让她和另一个女孩一起表演，此处是在向作者解释她的想法。故选C。 5．句意：在她的鼓励下，我别无选择，只能同意。 choice选择；idea主意；opinion观点；method方法。根据“With her encouragement, I had no...but to agree.”可知，作者除了同意没有别的选择。故选A。 6．句意：因为我不够强壮把这个最高的女孩抱起来，是她把我抱了起来。 straight直的；successful成功的；strong强壮的；active活跃的。根据“Since I was not...enough to pick the tallest girl up, it was she who picked me up.”可知，作者不够强壮，抱不起来这个最高的女孩。故选C。 7．句意：这是一次巨大的成功，所有人都为我们精彩的表演鼓掌。 show演出；success成功；value价值；problem问题。根据“everybody applauded (鼓掌) for our excellent performance”可知，所有人都为作者的表演鼓掌，由此可见这是一次巨大的成功。故选B。 8．句意：后来，我自信地笑了。 luckily幸运地；hopefully有希望地；properly适当地；confidently自信地。根据“Miss Forsythe’s understanding and willingness (意愿) to create a place for me in her show (which certainly did not need me) gave me some much-needed confidence. ”可知，Miss Forsythe的举动给了作者信心，所以作者面露自信的微笑。故选D。 10 Once in a science lesson, Mr Scott gave us a talk about an animal called Wampus which lived on earth millions of years ago and died out because of the change of climate. We all listened 1 and took notes of everything he said. Later we had a test. When the exam paper was returned to me, I was surprised and sad. There was a big red “×” through each of my 2 . I failed. But Why? Anyway on the test paper, I had written down what Mr Scott said in class. Then I realized that no one passed the exam at all. What had happened? Mr Scott explained. “I 3 all that story about the Wampus. There had never been any such animal, so the information in your notes was not correct. Do you expect to get 4 marks for wrong answers?” Hearing this, we felt it hard to understand, so we were 5 . What kind of test was this? What kind of teacher was he? How was it possible for us students to doubt（质疑）what the teacher taught us? “The zeros on your papers will be 6 in your grade books,” he said. And he did it. Through this experience, Mr. Scott hoped that we would learn something. Teachers and books are not always right. In fact, no one is. He told us not to let our mind go to sleep. Instead, we should keep 7 all the time and speak up if we think there are mistakes in our teachers’ words or in books. We should develop the habit of doubting（质疑）, and the 8 to decide by ourselves. What a special lesson he gave us! I will always remember it. 1．A．quickly B．carefully C．carelessly D．politely 2．A．questions B．words C．notes D．answers 3．A．looked up B．put up C．made up D．got up 4．A．useful B．high C．exact D．low 5．A．worried B．glad C．excited D．angry 6．A．recorded B．described C．collected D．heard 7．A．smiling B．exercising C．thinking D．listening 8．A．ability B．standard C．hobby D．excuse 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．A 【解析】本文讲述了作者的科学老师给他上的难忘的一课，借此告诉我们应该养成怀疑的习惯，以及培养自己做决定的能力。 1．句意：我们都认真听着，并把他说的一切都记下来。 quickly快速地；carefully认真地；carelessly粗心地；politely礼貌地。根据“and took notes of everything he said.”可知，应是认真听讲，故选B。 2．句意：我的每个答案后面都有一个大大的红色“×”。 questions问题；words话语；notes笔记；answers答案。根据“When the exam paper was returned to me”及常识可知，考试卷子上是答案处才打红色“×”。故选D。 3．句意：万普斯号的故事都是我编的。 looked up查阅；put up张贴；made up编造；got up起床。根据“There had never been any such animal, so the information in your notes was not correct”可知，从没有过这种动物，所以这个故事是老师编造的，故选C。 4．句意：你期望错误的答案得到高分吗？ useful有用的；high高的；exact确切的；low低的。根据“expect to get ... marks”及常识可知，期望的应是得高分，故选B。 5．句意：听到这些，我们感到很难理解，所以我们很生气。 worried担心的；glad高兴的；excited激动的；angry生气的。根据“What kind of test was this? What kind of teacher was he? How was it possible for us students to doubt（质疑）what the teacher taught us?”可知，学生们很不理解，所以应是很生气，故选D。 6．句意：你们试卷上的零分会记录在你们的成绩册上。 recorded记录；described描述；collected收集；heard听见。根据“in your grade books”可知，应是分数会记录到成绩册上，故选A。 7．句意：相反，我们应该一直思考，如果我们认为老师的话或书上有错误，就大声说出来。 smiling微笑；exercising锻炼；thinking思考；listening听。根据“In fact, no one is. He told us not to let our mind go to sleep.”可知，不要让思想沉睡，也就是要一直思考，故选C。 8．句意：我们应该养成怀疑的习惯，以及培养自己做决定的能力。 ability能力；standard标准；hobby爱好；excuse借口。根据“develop the habit of doubting（质疑）, and the ... to decide by ourselves.”可知，应是培养自己做决定的能力。故选A。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$