考前清单07.阅读理解试题类型的宏观与微观分析及解答策略-2025年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练(北京专用)

考前清单07.阅读理解试题类型的宏观与微观分析及解答策略 ▲宏观分析 中考英语阅读理解试题常见类型 类型 内容分析 举例 细节理解题 主要考查学生对文章具体信息的获取能力，包括人物、事件、时间、地点、原因等细节内容。学生需要从文中找到对应的信息进行作答，通常可以直接在原文中找到答案，相对较为简单，但需要仔细阅读。 在阅读关于购买礼物的文章中，可能会问 “文章中提到的某人给朋友买礼物的原因是什么”，学生需要从文中找到相关描述，如 “Because it was his friend's birthday and he wanted to give him a surprise.” 这样的具体信息来回答问题。 推理判断题 要求学生根据文章中的具体信息进行简单推断，包括推断信息之间的逻辑关系、人物的心理、行为动机、文章的隐含意义等。学生需要结合上下文，理解文章的深层含义，进行合理的推理判断。 在关于学习环保俱乐部活动策划和实施的文章中，可能会问 “根据文章内容，我们可以推断出俱乐部成员在活动前做了哪些准备工作”，学生需要从文章中提到的活动内容、过程等细节，推断出活动前的准备工作，如 “他们提前收集了有关环保知识的资料，以便在活动中向大家宣传”。 主旨大意题 考查学生理解、归纳文章的主旨要义的能力，要求学生在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章作出归纳、概括。通常出现在文章的最后一题，问题可能是关于文章的主题、中心思想、最佳标题等。 在有关方向感的科学研究的文章中，主旨大意题可能会问 “What is the main idea of the passage?”，学生需要总结出文章是关于对方向感的科学研究的目的、方法、结果等方面的内容，如 “文章主要介绍了科学家通过一系列实验研究人类方向感的形成机制和影响因素”。 词义猜测题 考查学生利用上下文和构词法推断、理解生词含义的能力。文章中会给出一些线索，如近义词、反义词、解释说明、举例等，帮助学生猜测生词的意思。 在关于 “言行不一” 表现、危害及解决方法的文章中，如果出现 “hypocrisy” 这个生词，文章可能会通过描述 “People who show hypocrisy say one thing but do another.” 来帮助学生理解，学生可以根据 “说一套做一套” 这样的描述，推断出 “hypocrisy” 的意思是 “虚伪”。 观点态度题 考查学生理解作者意图、观点和态度的能力。作者可能会通过一些语句表达自己对某个问题的看法、态度或情感倾向，学生需要从这些语句中体会作者的观点。 在有关环保俱乐部活动的文章中，作者可能会通过 “Through these activities, the club members have not only raised people's awareness of environmental protection but also made a real difference in our community.” 这样的语句，表达出对环保俱乐部活动的认可和赞扬，学生需要从这些语句中体会作者的积极态度。 ▲微观分析 理解细节理解题的类型 类型 分析 举例 Wh-细节型 以特殊疑问句形式提问，如根据文章内容提问 who（何人）、what（何事）、when（何时）、where（何地）、why（何故）、how（如何）等。要求学生能从阅读材料中直接获取相关信息，有时需要对信息进行简单的归纳总结。 在关于学校活动的文章中，问题可能是 “According to the passage, when will the school sports meeting be held?”，学生需要从文中找到关于学校运动会举办时间的具体描述，如 “It will be held on next Friday.” 来回答问题。 是非型 题目以 true /false 或 except 等形式出现，要求学生判断所给选项与文章内容是否相符，或者找出不符合文章内容的选项。需要学生仔细阅读文章，对每个选项进行逐一判断。 在讲述一些动物的习性的文章中，题目可能是 “Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?”，选项中可能有 “A. Cats like to catch mice. B. Dogs can help people guard the house. C. Birds can’t fly. D. Elephants are strong.”，学生要根据文章内容判断出 C 选项 “Birds can’t fly.” 与事实不符，是正确答案。 计算型 通常涉及到一些数字或数据的计算，如时间、年龄、数量等。学生需要从文章中找到相关的数字信息，并进行简单的计算。 一篇关于购物的文章中提到 “Apples are 5 yuan per kilogram. Tom bought 3 kilograms, and he gave the cashier 20 yuan.”，问题可能是 “How much change should Tom get?”，学生需要计算出20−5×3=5元，得出答案是 5 元。 排序型 要求学生根据文章内容对所给的事件、行为或物品等进行顺序排列。学生需要理清文章中的时间顺序、逻辑顺序或事件发展的先后顺序。 在描述制作蛋糕的过程的文章中，题目可能是 “Put the following steps of making a cake in the correct order. ① Mix the flour, eggs, sugar and milk. ② Bake the cake in the oven. ③ Prepare the flour, eggs, sugar and milk. ④ Take the cake out of the oven.”，学生需要根据文章内容确定正确的顺序是③①②④。 图标型 问题与文章中的图表、图片等相关，要求学生从图表或图片中获取信息来回答问题。学生需要具备一定的读图能力，能够理解图表中所表达的信息，并将其与文章内容相结合。 在配有一幅学校图书馆的布局图的文章中，问题可能是 “Where is the reading room according to the map?”，学生需要通过观察地图，找到阅读室在图书馆中的位置，并回答如 “It is on the second floor, next to the book borrowing area.”。 推理判断题的类型 类型 分析 举例 逻辑推理类 要求学生根据文章中给出的信息，如事件的发展、因果关系、对比关系等，进行合理的逻辑推理，得出结论。需要学生理清文章中的逻辑线索，理解信息之间的内在联系。 在一篇关于环保活动的文章中提到，“许多同学参加了植树活动，之后公园里的树木数量明显增加，空气也变得更加清新。” 问题可能是 “从文章中可以推断出什么？” 答案可能是 “参加植树活动有助于改善环境”，学生需要根据参加植树活动与树木增加、空气清新之间的因果关系进行逻辑推理。 情感态度类 考查学生对作者或文中人物情感态度的理解和推断。学生要通过文中的描述性词汇、语句以及文章的整体氛围来体会作者或人物的情感倾向，如积极、消极、中立、支持、反对等。 在讲述一位学生在参加志愿者活动中的经历文章中，文中提到 “Despite the tiredness, I felt really happy and satisfied when seeing the smiles on the children's faces.” 问题可能是 “How did the author feel about the volunteer activity?” 学生需要根据 “happy and satisfied” 等词汇推断出作者对志愿者活动持积极肯定的态度。 文章出处类 要求学生根据文章的内容、风格、语言特点等，推断文章可能出自哪里，如报纸、杂志、网站、小说、科普读物等。学生需要对不同类型出版物的特点有一定的了解，再结合文章信息进行判断。 一篇文章介绍了最新的科技发明，语言简洁明了，专业性较强，还配有一些图表和数据。问题可能是 “Where is this passage most likely to be from?” 答案可能是 “a science magazine”，学生根据文章的科技主题、专业表述以及图表数据等特点，推断出文章可能来自科学杂志。 人物身份类 根据文章中对人物的行为、语言、思想等方面的描述，推测人物的身份、职业、性格特点等。学生要从细节中寻找线索，分析人物的特征与常见身份或职业的匹配度。 在一篇故事中提到，“The man in the white coat was busy examining the patients and giving them advice. He was very patient and kind to everyone.” 问题可能是 “What is the man's job?” 学生可以根据 “examining the patients” 等描述推断出这个男人是一名医生。 文章结构类 考查学生对文章整体结构或段落之间关系的理解和把握，要求学生推断文章的组织方式、段落的作用以及文章后续的发展方向等。学生需要分析文章的开头、结尾以及各段落的主旨，梳理文章的逻辑框架。 有文章开头提出了一个问题，中间分别从不同角度分析了问题产生的原因，结尾部分给出了一些建议。问题可能是 “What will the author most probably talk about next?” 答案可能是 “Some specific measures to solve the problem.” 学生根据文章的结构和逻辑，推测出接下来作者可能会讨论解决问题的具体措施。 主旨大意题的类型 类型 分析 举例 标题归纳类 要求为文章选择最合适的标题。标题应具有概括性、针对性和醒目性，能准确涵盖文章的主要内容，体现文章的核心主题。 有文章讲述了一位科学家致力于环保研究，通过多年努力在减少碳排放方面取得了显著成果，还积极推广环保理念，鼓励更多人参与环保行动。问题是 “Which of the following is the best title for the passage?”，选项中可能有 “A. The Life of a Scientist B. The Importance of Carbon Emission Reduction C. A Scientist's Efforts in Environmental Protection D. How to Protect the Environment”，答案应选 C，因为这个标题准确概括了文章主要围绕科学家在环保方面的努力展开，其他选项要么过于宽泛（如 A、D），要么只涉及部分内容（如 B）。 文章大意类 需要总结文章的中心思想，通常是对文章整体内容的高度概括，回答 “What is the main idea of this passage?” 等问题。要综合考虑文章各段落的主要内容，提炼出共同的主题或观点。 有文章分别从不同方面介绍了人工智能在医疗、教育、交通等领域的应用，以及其带来的便利和挑战。问题是 “What is the main idea of the passage?”，答案可能是 “Artificial intelligence is widely used in various fields and brings both convenience and challenges.”，这个回答涵盖了文章中关于人工智能应用领域和其影响的主要内容。 段落大意类 针对文章中的某一段落，概括该段落的核心内容。一般要找出段落的主题句，主题句通常在段首、段尾或段落中间，若没有明显的主题句，则需综合段落中的关键信息进行归纳。 如某段文章内容为 “Many people like to travel during holidays. They can go to different places, enjoy the beautiful scenery and experience different cultures. Traveling can not only relax them but also broaden their horizons.” 问题是 “What is the main idea of this paragraph?”，答案可以是 “Traveling during holidays has many benefits for people.”，这是对该段落主要讲述人们喜欢在假期旅行及其好处的概括。 词义猜测题的类型 类型 分析 举例 生词释义 要求学生根据上下文线索推测出文章中出现的超纲词汇或不熟悉词汇的含义。上下文线索可能包括定义、解释、举例、因果关系、对比关系、同等关系等。 In the forest, there are many arboreal animals. Monkeys, squirrels, and some birds are all arboreal animals because they live in trees. （通过 “Monkeys, squirrels, and some birds are all arboreal animals because they live in trees.” 可知，后面举例说明 arboreal animals 是生活在树上的动物，由此可猜出 arboreal 意为 “树栖的”。） 熟词新义 考查学生在特定语言环境中推断熟悉单词的不常见含义或引申义，需要学生摆脱单词常规意义的干扰，结合上下文进行理解2。 The old man is very mean. He never gives money to the poor, even though he is rich.（“mean” 常见释义为 “意思是；意味着”，但在此处结合 “He never gives money to the poor, even though he is rich.” 可知，mean 应是 “吝啬的；小气的” 意思。） 短语猜测 根据上下文推测短语的含义，可能是由几个熟悉单词组成的具有特殊含义的短语，也可能是包含生词的短语，要从整体上理解短语在语境中的意思。 The children were excited to see the clown “make a face” at the circus.（根据语境，孩子们在马戏团看到小丑，“make a face” 应该是小丑做的一个动作，结合常识可猜出是 “做鬼脸” 的意思。） 句子猜测 要求学生根据上下文推断出某个句子的准确含义，通常需要理解句子的语法结构和逻辑关系，并结合文章的主题和语境来进行分析。 “The book is not just a book; it's a key to a whole new world.”（结合上下文，如果文章是在讲阅读的重要性，那么这句话的意思可能是 “这本书不仅仅是一本书，它是开启全新世界的钥匙”，意味着这本书能带给读者全新的体验和知识，就像钥匙能打开新世界的大门一样。） 代词指代 判断文章中出现的代词（如 it, that, this, he, him, them 等）所指代的对象，一般遵循就近原则，但有时也需要结合上下文的逻辑关系进行判断。 Tom gave his brother a book. He said it was very interesting.（根据语境，“it” 指代的是前面提到的 “a book”。） 观点态度题的类型 类型 分析 举例 作者态度题 考查作者对文章主题或相关事物的情感倾向，如支持、反对、中立、赞赏、批评、怀疑等。需通过文中的形容词、副词、动词等关键词以及文章的整体基调来判断1。 有文章讲述了关于保护野生动物的重要性，文中出现 “Fortunately, more and more people are realizing the importance of protecting wild animals and taking actions.” 等语句，从 “fortunately” 以及 “realizing the importance”“taking actions” 等表述可看出作者对人们保护野生动物的行为持赞赏和支持的态度。问题可能是 “What is the author's attitude towards people's actions to protect wild animals?”，答案就是支持的态度。 作者观点题 询问作者对某一具体事物、现象或观点的看法和见解。要结合文章主旨和相关细节进行分析，有时作者会直接表明观点，有时则需要从字里行间推断。 在一篇讨论网络对青少年影响的文章中，作者提到 “While the Internet provides a lot of useful information and entertainment for teenagers, it also brings some negative effects, such as addiction and information overload.”。问题若为 “What does the author think of the Internet for teenagers?”，答案就是作者认为网络对青少年既有积极影响，也有消极影响。 文中人物态度题 要求判断文章中某个特定人物对某事的态度。要根据该人物的言行、心理活动等描写来分析。 有文章描述了一位老师对学生参加课外活动的态度，文中提到 “The teacher always encourages students to take part in various after - school activities, believing that they can help students develop their hobbies and improve their comprehensive abilities.”。问题是 “How does the teacher feel about students' participation in after - school activities?”，从 “encourages” 和 “believing” 等词可看出老师是积极支持的态度。 （建议用时：40分钟） 1 ①The line “I decide my own fate” from the 2019 film Ne Zha: Birth of the Demon Child has inspired (鼓舞) many people. Five years later, its sequel, Ne Zha 2, once again drew viewers worldwide. ②What makes Ne Zha 2 so popular? Many believe its success comes from its exciting story: well-designed characters, and a modern version of a traditional Chinese story. It is reported that a team of over 4, 000 people worked on the film, using more than 1, 900 visual (视觉的) effects shots and over 200 million digital parts. One shot was even improved for over three years. ③Some people think China’s growing film industry is key to the movie’s success. The making of Ne Zha 2 involved many Chinese animation (动画) companies, each specializing in areas like character design, action effects, and lighting. As the director Yang Yu (Jiaozi) said, “We are lucky to live in a time that lets us do what we love.” ④Changes in Ne Zha’s image make the movie more attractive. From his first appearance in The Investiture of the Gods to the rebellious (桀骜不驯的) “little Ne Zha” in modern films, the character has changed a lot while still keeping his connection to Chinese culture. ⑤Just like Ne Zha 2, Chinese animation also explores its rich cultural background—from the beautiful Tulou buildings in Fujian Province to the colorful ancient city of Chang’an, and from the story of the White Snake to the lively lion dance. It is clear that Chinese stories are changing the world of animation. By mixing Chinese art and culture together, animation is bringing new ideas to the world. 1．How many visual effects shots were used in Ne Zha 2? A．Over 1, 900. B．Over 200 million. C．Less than 1, 000. D．Exactly 2, 500. 2．What can we infer from the director Yang Yu’s words? A．Chinese animators face more challenges today. B．Making animations is harder than it was in the past. C．The director plans to make more films like Ne Zha 2. D．The environment today can make creative ideas come true. 3．Which Chinese cultural element (元素) is NOT mentioned? A．The ancient city of Chang’an. B．The Terracotta Warriors. C．The story of the White Snake. D．The lion dance. 4．The structure of the passage is _______. A．①/②/③④⑤ B．①/②③/④⑤ C．①/②③④/⑤ D．①②/③④⑤ 2 The Science and Technology Museum is an important museum for science and technology. Each one of its four floors is full of exhibits, activities and experiments (实验) to lead every visitor into a world of wonder. The museum has six exhibition halls, four special effect theaters, many labs, classrooms and lecture halls. Rules to follow: *No food or drinks. *No pets (except guide dogs). *No smoking. *Children under 12 should always stay with adults. *Dangerous things like knives or scissors are not allowed. TICKETS Main Exhibition Halls: Adult ticket: 30 yuan/person Student ticket: 20 yuan/person Special Effect Theaters: Adult ticket: 30 yuan/person Student ticket: 20 yuan/person (Children under 1.2m and adults over 70 years old are not allowed in the theaters. ) Free for children under 1.3m or under 8 and the old over 60. TRANSPORTATION Subway Lines: Take Line 8 to Olympic Park Station, get out from Exit G and walk north for 13 minutes. Take Line 8 to the South Gate of Forest Park Station, get out from Exit C and walk south for 10 minutes. Take Line 15 to Datun East Road Station, get out from Exit A1 and walk north for about 15 minutes. 1．What can a visitor do in the museum? A．Read books on technology. B．Do science experiments. C．Watch the Olympic Games. D．See the latest movies. 2．When can a visitor enter the museum? A．At 10 a.m. on Monday. B．At 9 a.m. on Wednesday. C．At 2 p.m. on Sunday. D．At 6 p.m. on Friday. 3．How much should Helen pay, if she goes to the museum with her 7-year-old daughter and 12-year-old son without going to the theaters? A．¥20. B．¥30. C．¥50. D．¥70. 4．What signs can you see in the museum? A．①②⑤ B．①③⑤ C．①②③ D．②④⑤ 5．Which is the way to the museum? A．Line 8 to the South Gate of Forest Park Station, get out from Exit A1. B．Line 15 to Datun East Road Station and walk for 13 minutes. C．Line 8 to Olympic Park Station, get out from Exit G, and walk south. D．Line 15 to Datun East Road Station, get out from Exit A1, and walk north. 3 The Maori arrived in New Zealand from Polynesian (波利尼西亚) islands about a thousand years ago. They were the first people to live in New Zealand. In the late 18th century, Europeans came to live in New Zealand. At that time, the population of the Maori was maybe 250,000 in New Zealand. Over the next one hundred years, wars and disease killed many Maori people. By the end of the 19th century, there were only about 40,000 Maori people left. During this time, the Maori also lost much of their land to the Europeans. Many of them were afraid that they might lose their traditions and language too, but this did not happen. Today the Maori population is increasing. There are about 500,000 Maori people in New Zealand. Most live like other New Zealanders, but they are keeping the Maori language and traditions alive. There are now Maori radio and television stations. Many schools teach in the Maori language. Nearly one half of Maori language speakers are 25 years old or younger. Maori culture is also alive and well. At the center of Maori culture is the “marae”. This is a special place for ceremonies and meetings. Today the number of marae in New Zealand is increasing. Many of the new marae are in the cities. Now people in the cities can meet and learn about their Maori traditions. Today most New Zealand cities have Maori festivals each year. Among festival activities are competitions in speaking, dancing and singing. Children practice for months. Then all the Maori in the area arrive to watch the competitions and see who wins. The Maori have gone through hard times. Today they live a happy, modern life. They keep their cultural traditions alive, because they have passed and are passing them on to their children. 1．When did the Maori first arrive in New Zealand? A．Around 11th century. B．Around 14th century. C．Around 16th century. D．Around 18th century. 2．What happened to the Maori during the 19th century? A．They owned more land. B．They lost their language. C．They left New Zealand. D．They had a smaller population. 3．How do the Maori keep their traditions alive? Check and choose the right answer. a. Increase the number of marae. b. Move to the center of New Zealand. c. Set up Maori radio and TV stations. d. Teach in the Maori language in many schools. e. Hold competitions in speaking, dancing and singing. A．bcde B．abcd C．abde D．acde 4．What would be the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4 Students may want to feed street cats in school, but they may not know where cats are. In order to give school cats a better life, students from Beijing Foreign Studies University (BFSU) made a WeChat mini-program called Beiwai Cats. Now, students can use their phones to find school cats and get to know them through it. The mini-program is easy for students to use. “______.” The cards show the cats’ photos and also have stories about them. Cat lovers can also adopt (收养) school cats on the mini-program. Zhou Hengxiao, 20, helped make the mini-program. He is a member of the BFSU Love Cats Group. He said the mini-program is good for both the students and the cats. With the “ID cards”, students can learn more about the cats. So the students might not get scratched and the cats can be safe. The group is also active on Weibo, Bilibili and Xiaohongshu. “We want to use cats to share the culture of our university. When we make money from these platforms (平台), we will use it to feed the cats and help with their illnesses,” he said. Zhou said they hope to add more cats near the university to Beiwai Cats. “We don’t have much money, but we want to do our best to give every small life a home,” said Zhou. 1．Why did students in BFSU make the mini-program? A．To give school cats a better life. B．To offer a platform to cat lovers. C．To sell cat products to cat keepers. D．To raise money for cat research. 2．Which of the following can be put in “______” in Paragraph 2? A．They can know many cats from it. B．A group of students work for it. C．On it, every cat has an “ID card”. D．Cat lovers can find pets on it. 3．What does the underlined word “scratched” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Caught. B．Lost. C．Warned. D．Hurt. 4．What is Zhou Hengxiao like? A．Calm. B．Caring. C．Patient. D．Confident. 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．A university to look after cats. B．A way to start a mini-program. C．A mini-program to care for cats. D．A group to raise money for cats. 5 HARBIN ICE FESTIVAL 2025Prepare yourselves for the wonderful Harbin Ice Festival, a world-famous ice and snow festival! Most of the fun and shows happen in Harbin Ice and Snow World. Ice sculptures are all over Harbin, but there are three main places to celebrate the festival: Harbin Ice and Snow World—a Colorful “Ice Disneyland” ※ Join in skating, ice climbing, skiing, snow fights, and ice biking. ※ Watch the Harbin Show by artists from all over the world, three times a day after 5 pm, each show lasting around 40 minutes. ※ Keep trying the local food. Sun Island—See the Art of Snow Sculpting ※ Take photos with huge snow-white sculptures in sunlight from 8 am to 5 pm. ※ Have fun with different kinds of snow sports. Zhaolin Park—a Perfect Ice World Just for Kids※ Play on the cute little ice slides. ※ Enjoy ice lantern sculptures with lights inside. Opening party: January 5th, 2025 (9 am to 11 am) Ticket booking: December 15th, 2024—March 10th, 2025. Prices: ►Harbin Ice and Snow World: ¥300; ►Sun Island: ¥150; ►Zhaolin Park: Free. Please note: Children under 12 years old can get 20% off. For more information, please click here or send us an email to ystravel@gmail.com. 1．What can visitors do in the Harbin Ice Festival? A．Cook some local food. B．Act in the Harbin Show. C．Try different snow sports. D．Take snow sculptures home. 2．Who may be most interested in Zhaolin Park? A．3-month-old Nick. B．9-year-old James. C．20-year-old Emma. D．60-year-old Ruby. 3．When can visitors book the tickets? A．On December 1st, 2024. B．On December 20th, 2024. C．On March 15th, 2025. D．On March 30th, 2025. 4．How much should Mike pay if he goes to the Sun Island with his 7-year-old son? A．¥180. B．¥240. C．¥270. D．¥300. 5．What is the purpose of the text? A．To tell a festival story. B．To show a festival party. C．To offer a travel choice. D．To share a travel experience. 5 For more than a month, the world has been excited about a new AI model, DeepSeek-R1. It was developed by DeepSeek, a Chinese business based in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province. The new AI was released on Jan 20. In just one week, it beat OpenAI’s ChatGPT and became the top free application (应用) in Apple’s App Store, reported Xinhua. Its developer said that DeepSeek-RI is as good at difficult tasks as other big models but needs less computing power (算力). It is also the cheapest of its kind and took only about 5.57million US dollars (40.58 million yuan) to develop. That is way less than the hundreds of millions or even billions that US businesses have had to spend on building similar AI models,Marc Andreessen, a technology expert in the US,told Xinhua. DeepSeek-R1’s success largely came from its special training method. Traditionally, AI is trained in two ways. One is Chain-of-Thought (CoT, 思维链), where AI learns to break problems into smaller, simpler steps. The other is Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT, 监督微调) , which works by showing Al lots of practice problems along with the right answers for it to find a pattern. DeepSeek-R1, however, used Reinforcement Learning (RL, 强化学习) as the core (核心) method, Xinhua reported. In RL, Al learns by trying different things. It gets rewards (奖励)for correct actions and gets punished for mistakes. For example, in a game, it gets points for picking up trash (垃圾) and loses points for breaking a glass. Over time, it works out the best solution all by itself. This is how DeepSeek-R1 has grown to be a reasoning model, which is a new type of Al, noted Microsoft engineer Vinayak Hegde. Regular (常规的) AI models, like GPT-40, usually just give direct answers. But reasoning models are trained to both think and show the process. 1．What is one of the strong points of DeepSeek-R1compared to other AI models? A．It’s cheaper to develop. B．It’s smarter than others. C．It’s better at difficult activities. D．It’s quicker at solving problems. 2．How does DeepSeek-R1 learn? A．By breaking problems into smaller steps. B．By finding the right patterns in practice problems. C．By finding the right way to do things independently. D．By following all kinds of orders from its creators. 3．How can the reasoning model be described? A．It gives direct answers. B．It provides a lot of reasons. C．It gives the best solution. D．It thinks and then decides. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The application of DeepSeck-RI. B．The challenges faced by DeepSeek-R1. C．The differences between Al models. D．The introduction to DeepSeek-RI. 6 The Hero of China’s Manned Spaceflight Program Wang Yongzhi, one of the famous rocket scientists who played a leading role in China’s manned spaceflight program, was awarded the Medal of the Republic in September, about three months after his passing away. He was born into a poor family in Liaoning Province in 1932. He studied very hard when he was young. In 1952, he went to Tsinghua University. In 1955, he was sent to study at the Moscow Aviation Institute. However, two years later, Wang changed his major (专业) after learning that China needed some students to learn how to design carrier rockets and ballistic missiles (运载火箭和弹道导弹). In the summer of 1961, Wang graduated and returned to China. He started working on rocket design. During his work, he designed a number of rockets and missiles. In 1992, he was named as the first chief planner of the nation’s manned spaceflight program, although he was already 60. The task brought him a great deal of pressure, but he stuck to his task because he thought it was his duty to make the nation’s dream of flying into space come true. Under the scientist’s leadership, China succeeded in its first manned spaceflight in 2003. For his contributions (贡献) to China’s spaceflight program, Wang received the National Science and Technology Award in the same year. In 2005, he saw the success of China’s second manned spaceflight. After retirement (退休), Wang was still energetic. He continued to provide suggestions for the building of China’s space station and the manned lunar landing program. 1．Where did Wang Yongzhi study in 1955? A．Tsinghua University. B．Moscow Aviation Institute. C．A university in China. D．A school in Liaoning. 2．Why did Wang Yongzhi change his major? A．Because he was interested in the new major. B．Because his teacher asked him to change. C．Because China needed students to learn how to design carrier rockets and ballistic missiles. D．Because he wanted to get a better - paid job. 3．When was Wang Yongzhi named as the first chief planner of the nation’s manned spaceflight program? A．In 1992. B．In 2003. C．In 2005. D．In 2019. 4．What does the underline phrase “stuck to” mean? A．gave up B．forgot about C．continued with D．laughed at 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Wang learned to design carrier rockets by himself B．Wang showed a great interest in space when he was a child. C．Wang was awarded the Medal of the Republic after death. D．Wang was known for his contributions to building the space station. 7 Once upon a time, in a quiet little town, there lived a boy named Jack. Jack was a shy and lonely boy. He always felt anxious when he was around other kids. One day, his teacher announced a group project, and Jack was paired with a girl named Lucy. At first, Jack was very nervous. He didn’t know what to say or how to work with her. But Lucy was kind and friendly. She smiled at him and said, “Don’t worry. We can do this together.” Jack felt a little better. As they worked on the project, Jack started to feel happy. Lucy was full of ideas, and Jack found himself enjoying their conversations. They laughed and shared stories. Jack felt like he had a real friend for the first time. But then, something unexpected happened. They lost all their work because of a computer problem. Jack felt so sad and frustrated. He thought they would never finish the project on time. Lucy, however, stayed calm and said, “It’s okay. We can start over. We can do it.” Jack was amazed by her strength and felt encouraged. With Lucy’s support, Jack felt hopeful again. They worked even harder and finally finished the project. When they presented it to the class, everyone clapped and praised their work. Jack felt proud and happy. He realized that friendship could turn even the hardest times into something beautiful. As he walked home that day, Jack couldn’t stop thinking about how much he had changed. He felt a warmth in his heart, knowing that he had found a friend who believed in him. 1．What does the underlined word “frustrated” mean in the story? A．Very happy. B．Very tired. C．Very upset. D．Very bored. 2．How did Jack’s feelings change throughout the story? A．Nervous→Happy→Frustrated→Hopeful→Proud→Warm B．Nervous→Frustrated→Happy→Hopeful→Warm→Proud C．Happy→Nervous→Frustrated→Hopeful→Proud→Warm D．Nervous→Frustrated→Hopeful→Happy→Warm→Proud 3．What can we learn about Lucy from the story? A．She is a shy and quiet girl. B．She is kind and supportive. C．She is easily frustrated. D．She is not good at working with others. 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the story? A．Jack’s Lonely Life B．Lucy’s Strength C．A Difficult School Project D．The Magic of Friendship 8 Many people are trying to learn a new language. Some of them consider it as a hobby, while others have to learn a language because it is required by their jobs or study. As a foreigner who is really interested in Chinese culture, I like learning Chinese. It is thought that a person needs to know at least 3000 Chinese characters to understand most Chinese newspapers. The problem for most foreigners, however, is that knowing 3000 characters sounds like an impossible task, for many of the Chinese characters look the same. That’s why some people give up halfway. It’s the most difficult part for me, too. Whenever I saw a character I didn’t know in the street or on a menu, I would just write it down on my phone and then look it up. Slowly I’ve learned the characters that are common in daily life. It’s also important to listen to Chinese as much as possible. I downloaded a lot of listening materials from the Internet on my phone and listened to them on the way to school, work and even dating with my friends. I also watched a lot of Chinese TV shows and films, where the words are not so difficult and there are always subtitles (字幕). In this way, I’ve also learned how to express myself like a native. Learning a language is never easy. Basically, I just use every tool on hand and take my learning step by step, and I’m still learning new things to this day! 1．Why does the writer learn Chinese? A．Because he hopes to move to Beijing, China. B．Because he has found a job in a big city in China. C．Because he wants to know more about Chinese things. D．Because he would like to taste all kinds of delicious Chinese food. 2．What does the underlined word “downloaded” mean? A．购买 B．下载 C．借阅 D．阅读 3．What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph? A．It takes time to learn a language. B．Chinese isn’t as hard as you think. C．It’s interesting to write Chinese characters. D．It’s impossible for a foreigner to master Chinese. 4．Where does the text probably come from? A．A guidebook. B．A science report. C．A magazine. D．A movie review. 8 Environmentalists are getting more worried about the influence of fast fashion on the environment. Fast fashion is lots of clothes at low costs. They are put in shops and online quickly. Companies make billions of clothes every year. This is expected to grow by 60% by 2030. The fast fashion business is having a negative influence on the environment. Many of the clothes end up in the rubbish and are not recycled. Another influence on the environment is caused by the chemicals used to make clothes. These cause health problems for people working in clothes factories. The way people are buying clothes is adding to the reason for clothing waste. Today, people order cheap clothes on the Internet. They can send clothes back if they don’t like them. Some people buy clothes but never wear them. A German media (媒体) company wrote, “Every year in Europe, four million tons of clothing end up in the rubbish. Less than 1% of this is recycled.” It seems that the fashion industry is causing a throw away society. In fact, people can take steps to make the clothes last longer or not end up in the rubbish. First, wash clothes only as necessary. Second, repair some broken parts instead of throwing away the clothes. Third, give away what you no longer wear or exchange your clothes with your friends. By following these steps, people can reduce the clothing waste. Every small step can have a positive influence on the environment, 1．What does the underlined word “negative” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．great B．bad C．strange D．small 2．How many tons of clothes are recycled in Europe every year? A．Four million. B．Less than one million. C．About forty thousand. D．More than two million. 3．What is the fourth paragraph mainly about? A．The ways to exchange clothes. B．The ways to deal with rubbish. C．The ways to repair clothes. D．The ways to keep our clothes longer. 4．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．People Worry about Fast Fashion. B．Fast Fashion Changes People’s Life. C．Fast Fashion Help Save Money. D．Fast Fashion Is Harmful to the Environment. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 考前清单07.阅读理解试题类型的宏观与微观分析及解答策略 ▲宏观分析 中考英语阅读理解试题常见类型 类型 内容分析 举例 细节理解题 主要考查学生对文章具体信息的获取能力，包括人物、事件、时间、地点、原因等细节内容。学生需要从文中找到对应的信息进行作答，通常可以直接在原文中找到答案，相对较为简单，但需要仔细阅读。 在阅读关于购买礼物的文章中，可能会问 “文章中提到的某人给朋友买礼物的原因是什么”，学生需要从文中找到相关描述，如 “Because it was his friend's birthday and he wanted to give him a surprise.” 这样的具体信息来回答问题。 推理判断题 要求学生根据文章中的具体信息进行简单推断，包括推断信息之间的逻辑关系、人物的心理、行为动机、文章的隐含意义等。学生需要结合上下文，理解文章的深层含义，进行合理的推理判断。 在关于学习环保俱乐部活动策划和实施的文章中，可能会问 “根据文章内容，我们可以推断出俱乐部成员在活动前做了哪些准备工作”，学生需要从文章中提到的活动内容、过程等细节，推断出活动前的准备工作，如 “他们提前收集了有关环保知识的资料，以便在活动中向大家宣传”。 主旨大意题 考查学生理解、归纳文章的主旨要义的能力，要求学生在阅读和理解全文的基础上对文章作出归纳、概括。通常出现在文章的最后一题，问题可能是关于文章的主题、中心思想、最佳标题等。 在有关方向感的科学研究的文章中，主旨大意题可能会问 “What is the main idea of the passage?”，学生需要总结出文章是关于对方向感的科学研究的目的、方法、结果等方面的内容，如 “文章主要介绍了科学家通过一系列实验研究人类方向感的形成机制和影响因素”。 词义猜测题 考查学生利用上下文和构词法推断、理解生词含义的能力。文章中会给出一些线索，如近义词、反义词、解释说明、举例等，帮助学生猜测生词的意思。 在关于 “言行不一” 表现、危害及解决方法的文章中，如果出现 “hypocrisy” 这个生词，文章可能会通过描述 “People who show hypocrisy say one thing but do another.” 来帮助学生理解，学生可以根据 “说一套做一套” 这样的描述，推断出 “hypocrisy” 的意思是 “虚伪”。 观点态度题 考查学生理解作者意图、观点和态度的能力。作者可能会通过一些语句表达自己对某个问题的看法、态度或情感倾向，学生需要从这些语句中体会作者的观点。 在有关环保俱乐部活动的文章中，作者可能会通过 “Through these activities, the club members have not only raised people's awareness of environmental protection but also made a real difference in our community.” 这样的语句，表达出对环保俱乐部活动的认可和赞扬，学生需要从这些语句中体会作者的积极态度。 ▲微观分析 理解细节理解题的类型 类型 分析 举例 Wh-细节型 以特殊疑问句形式提问，如根据文章内容提问 who（何人）、what（何事）、when（何时）、where（何地）、why（何故）、how（如何）等。要求学生能从阅读材料中直接获取相关信息，有时需要对信息进行简单的归纳总结。 在关于学校活动的文章中，问题可能是 “According to the passage, when will the school sports meeting be held?”，学生需要从文中找到关于学校运动会举办时间的具体描述，如 “It will be held on next Friday.” 来回答问题。 是非型 题目以 true /false 或 except 等形式出现，要求学生判断所给选项与文章内容是否相符，或者找出不符合文章内容的选项。需要学生仔细阅读文章，对每个选项进行逐一判断。 在讲述一些动物的习性的文章中，题目可能是 “Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?”，选项中可能有 “A. Cats like to catch mice. B. Dogs can help people guard the house. C. Birds can’t fly. D. Elephants are strong.”，学生要根据文章内容判断出 C 选项 “Birds can’t fly.” 与事实不符，是正确答案。 计算型 通常涉及到一些数字或数据的计算，如时间、年龄、数量等。学生需要从文章中找到相关的数字信息，并进行简单的计算。 一篇关于购物的文章中提到 “Apples are 5 yuan per kilogram. Tom bought 3 kilograms, and he gave the cashier 20 yuan.”，问题可能是 “How much change should Tom get?”，学生需要计算出20−5×3=5元，得出答案是 5 元。 排序型 要求学生根据文章内容对所给的事件、行为或物品等进行顺序排列。学生需要理清文章中的时间顺序、逻辑顺序或事件发展的先后顺序。 在描述制作蛋糕的过程的文章中，题目可能是 “Put the following steps of making a cake in the correct order. ① Mix the flour, eggs, sugar and milk. ② Bake the cake in the oven. ③ Prepare the flour, eggs, sugar and milk. ④ Take the cake out of the oven.”，学生需要根据文章内容确定正确的顺序是③①②④。 图标型 问题与文章中的图表、图片等相关，要求学生从图表或图片中获取信息来回答问题。学生需要具备一定的读图能力，能够理解图表中所表达的信息，并将其与文章内容相结合。 在配有一幅学校图书馆的布局图的文章中，问题可能是 “Where is the reading room according to the map?”，学生需要通过观察地图，找到阅读室在图书馆中的位置，并回答如 “It is on the second floor, next to the book borrowing area.”。 推理判断题的类型 类型 分析 举例 逻辑推理类 要求学生根据文章中给出的信息，如事件的发展、因果关系、对比关系等，进行合理的逻辑推理，得出结论。需要学生理清文章中的逻辑线索，理解信息之间的内在联系。 在一篇关于环保活动的文章中提到，“许多同学参加了植树活动，之后公园里的树木数量明显增加，空气也变得更加清新。” 问题可能是 “从文章中可以推断出什么？” 答案可能是 “参加植树活动有助于改善环境”，学生需要根据参加植树活动与树木增加、空气清新之间的因果关系进行逻辑推理。 情感态度类 考查学生对作者或文中人物情感态度的理解和推断。学生要通过文中的描述性词汇、语句以及文章的整体氛围来体会作者或人物的情感倾向，如积极、消极、中立、支持、反对等。 在讲述一位学生在参加志愿者活动中的经历文章中，文中提到 “Despite the tiredness, I felt really happy and satisfied when seeing the smiles on the children's faces.” 问题可能是 “How did the author feel about the volunteer activity?” 学生需要根据 “happy and satisfied” 等词汇推断出作者对志愿者活动持积极肯定的态度。 文章出处类 要求学生根据文章的内容、风格、语言特点等，推断文章可能出自哪里，如报纸、杂志、网站、小说、科普读物等。学生需要对不同类型出版物的特点有一定的了解，再结合文章信息进行判断。 一篇文章介绍了最新的科技发明，语言简洁明了，专业性较强，还配有一些图表和数据。问题可能是 “Where is this passage most likely to be from?” 答案可能是 “a science magazine”，学生根据文章的科技主题、专业表述以及图表数据等特点，推断出文章可能来自科学杂志。 人物身份类 根据文章中对人物的行为、语言、思想等方面的描述，推测人物的身份、职业、性格特点等。学生要从细节中寻找线索，分析人物的特征与常见身份或职业的匹配度。 在一篇故事中提到，“The man in the white coat was busy examining the patients and giving them advice. He was very patient and kind to everyone.” 问题可能是 “What is the man's job?” 学生可以根据 “examining the patients” 等描述推断出这个男人是一名医生。 文章结构类 考查学生对文章整体结构或段落之间关系的理解和把握，要求学生推断文章的组织方式、段落的作用以及文章后续的发展方向等。学生需要分析文章的开头、结尾以及各段落的主旨，梳理文章的逻辑框架。 有文章开头提出了一个问题，中间分别从不同角度分析了问题产生的原因，结尾部分给出了一些建议。问题可能是 “What will the author most probably talk about next?” 答案可能是 “Some specific measures to solve the problem.” 学生根据文章的结构和逻辑，推测出接下来作者可能会讨论解决问题的具体措施。 主旨大意题的类型 类型 分析 举例 标题归纳类 要求为文章选择最合适的标题。标题应具有概括性、针对性和醒目性，能准确涵盖文章的主要内容，体现文章的核心主题。 有文章讲述了一位科学家致力于环保研究，通过多年努力在减少碳排放方面取得了显著成果，还积极推广环保理念，鼓励更多人参与环保行动。问题是 “Which of the following is the best title for the passage?”，选项中可能有 “A. The Life of a Scientist B. The Importance of Carbon Emission Reduction C. A Scientist's Efforts in Environmental Protection D. How to Protect the Environment”，答案应选 C，因为这个标题准确概括了文章主要围绕科学家在环保方面的努力展开，其他选项要么过于宽泛（如 A、D），要么只涉及部分内容（如 B）。 文章大意类 需要总结文章的中心思想，通常是对文章整体内容的高度概括，回答 “What is the main idea of this passage?” 等问题。要综合考虑文章各段落的主要内容，提炼出共同的主题或观点。 有文章分别从不同方面介绍了人工智能在医疗、教育、交通等领域的应用，以及其带来的便利和挑战。问题是 “What is the main idea of the passage?”，答案可能是 “Artificial intelligence is widely used in various fields and brings both convenience and challenges.”，这个回答涵盖了文章中关于人工智能应用领域和其影响的主要内容。 段落大意类 针对文章中的某一段落，概括该段落的核心内容。一般要找出段落的主题句，主题句通常在段首、段尾或段落中间，若没有明显的主题句，则需综合段落中的关键信息进行归纳。 如某段文章内容为 “Many people like to travel during holidays. They can go to different places, enjoy the beautiful scenery and experience different cultures. Traveling can not only relax them but also broaden their horizons.” 问题是 “What is the main idea of this paragraph?”，答案可以是 “Traveling during holidays has many benefits for people.”，这是对该段落主要讲述人们喜欢在假期旅行及其好处的概括。 词义猜测题的类型 类型 分析 举例 生词释义 要求学生根据上下文线索推测出文章中出现的超纲词汇或不熟悉词汇的含义。上下文线索可能包括定义、解释、举例、因果关系、对比关系、同等关系等。 In the forest, there are many arboreal animals. Monkeys, squirrels, and some birds are all arboreal animals because they live in trees. （通过 “Monkeys, squirrels, and some birds are all arboreal animals because they live in trees.” 可知，后面举例说明 arboreal animals 是生活在树上的动物，由此可猜出 arboreal 意为 “树栖的”。） 熟词新义 考查学生在特定语言环境中推断熟悉单词的不常见含义或引申义，需要学生摆脱单词常规意义的干扰，结合上下文进行理解2。 The old man is very mean. He never gives money to the poor, even though he is rich.（“mean” 常见释义为 “意思是；意味着”，但在此处结合 “He never gives money to the poor, even though he is rich.” 可知，mean 应是 “吝啬的；小气的” 意思。） 短语猜测 根据上下文推测短语的含义，可能是由几个熟悉单词组成的具有特殊含义的短语，也可能是包含生词的短语，要从整体上理解短语在语境中的意思。 The children were excited to see the clown “make a face” at the circus.（根据语境，孩子们在马戏团看到小丑，“make a face” 应该是小丑做的一个动作，结合常识可猜出是 “做鬼脸” 的意思。） 句子猜测 要求学生根据上下文推断出某个句子的准确含义，通常需要理解句子的语法结构和逻辑关系，并结合文章的主题和语境来进行分析。 “The book is not just a book; it's a key to a whole new world.”（结合上下文，如果文章是在讲阅读的重要性，那么这句话的意思可能是 “这本书不仅仅是一本书，它是开启全新世界的钥匙”，意味着这本书能带给读者全新的体验和知识，就像钥匙能打开新世界的大门一样。） 代词指代 判断文章中出现的代词（如 it, that, this, he, him, them 等）所指代的对象，一般遵循就近原则，但有时也需要结合上下文的逻辑关系进行判断。 Tom gave his brother a book. He said it was very interesting.（根据语境，“it” 指代的是前面提到的 “a book”。） 观点态度题的类型 类型 分析 举例 作者态度题 考查作者对文章主题或相关事物的情感倾向，如支持、反对、中立、赞赏、批评、怀疑等。需通过文中的形容词、副词、动词等关键词以及文章的整体基调来判断1。 有文章讲述了关于保护野生动物的重要性，文中出现 “Fortunately, more and more people are realizing the importance of protecting wild animals and taking actions.” 等语句，从 “fortunately” 以及 “realizing the importance”“taking actions” 等表述可看出作者对人们保护野生动物的行为持赞赏和支持的态度。问题可能是 “What is the author's attitude towards people's actions to protect wild animals?”，答案就是支持的态度。 作者观点题 询问作者对某一具体事物、现象或观点的看法和见解。要结合文章主旨和相关细节进行分析，有时作者会直接表明观点，有时则需要从字里行间推断。 在一篇讨论网络对青少年影响的文章中，作者提到 “While the Internet provides a lot of useful information and entertainment for teenagers, it also brings some negative effects, such as addiction and information overload.”。问题若为 “What does the author think of the Internet for teenagers?”，答案就是作者认为网络对青少年既有积极影响，也有消极影响。 文中人物态度题 要求判断文章中某个特定人物对某事的态度。要根据该人物的言行、心理活动等描写来分析。 有文章描述了一位老师对学生参加课外活动的态度，文中提到 “The teacher always encourages students to take part in various after - school activities, believing that they can help students develop their hobbies and improve their comprehensive abilities.”。问题是 “How does the teacher feel about students' participation in after - school activities?”，从 “encourages” 和 “believing” 等词可看出老师是积极支持的态度。 （建议用时：40分钟） 1 ①The line “I decide my own fate” from the 2019 film Ne Zha: Birth of the Demon Child has inspired (鼓舞) many people. Five years later, its sequel, Ne Zha 2, once again drew viewers worldwide. ②What makes Ne Zha 2 so popular? Many believe its success comes from its exciting story: well-designed characters, and a modern version of a traditional Chinese story. It is reported that a team of over 4, 000 people worked on the film, using more than 1, 900 visual (视觉的) effects shots and over 200 million digital parts. One shot was even improved for over three years. ③Some people think China’s growing film industry is key to the movie’s success. The making of Ne Zha 2 involved many Chinese animation (动画) companies, each specializing in areas like character design, action effects, and lighting. As the director Yang Yu (Jiaozi) said, “We are lucky to live in a time that lets us do what we love.” ④Changes in Ne Zha’s image make the movie more attractive. From his first appearance in The Investiture of the Gods to the rebellious (桀骜不驯的) “little Ne Zha” in modern films, the character has changed a lot while still keeping his connection to Chinese culture. ⑤Just like Ne Zha 2, Chinese animation also explores its rich cultural background—from the beautiful Tulou buildings in Fujian Province to the colorful ancient city of Chang’an, and from the story of the White Snake to the lively lion dance. It is clear that Chinese stories are changing the world of animation. By mixing Chinese art and culture together, animation is bringing new ideas to the world. 1．How many visual effects shots were used in Ne Zha 2? A．Over 1, 900. B．Over 200 million. C．Less than 1, 000. D．Exactly 2, 500. 2．What can we infer from the director Yang Yu’s words? A．Chinese animators face more challenges today. B．Making animations is harder than it was in the past. C．The director plans to make more films like Ne Zha 2. D．The environment today can make creative ideas come true. 3．Which Chinese cultural element (元素) is NOT mentioned? A．The ancient city of Chang’an. B．The Terracotta Warriors. C．The story of the White Snake. D．The lion dance. 4．The structure of the passage is _______. A．①/②/③④⑤ B．①/②③/④⑤ C．①/②③④/⑤ D．①②/③④⑤ 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了《哪吒2》这部电影的成功以及中国文化对世界动画的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“using more than 1, 900 visual (视觉的) effects shots”可知，《哪吒2》使用了超过1900个视觉效果镜头。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“Some people think China’s growing film industry is key to the movie’s success.…As the director Yang Yu (Jiaozi) said, ‘We are lucky to live in a time that lets us do what we love.’”可推知，导演认为当今的环境能够让创意想法得以实现。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Chinese animation also explores its rich cultural background—from the beautiful Tulou buildings in Fujian Province to the colorful ancient city of Chang’an, and from the story of the White Snake to the lively lion dance.”并通读全文可知，文章中未提及兵马俑。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段介绍了《哪吒之魔童降世》及其续集《哪吒2》的受欢迎程度；第二段到第四段分别介绍了《哪吒2》成功的原因；第五段介绍了中国文化对世界动画的影响。故选C。 2 The Science and Technology Museum is an important museum for science and technology. Each one of its four floors is full of exhibits, activities and experiments (实验) to lead every visitor into a world of wonder. The museum has six exhibition halls, four special effect theaters, many labs, classrooms and lecture halls. Rules to follow: *No food or drinks. *No pets (except guide dogs). *No smoking. *Children under 12 should always stay with adults. *Dangerous things like knives or scissors are not allowed. TICKETS Main Exhibition Halls: Adult ticket: 30 yuan/person Student ticket: 20 yuan/person Special Effect Theaters: Adult ticket: 30 yuan/person Student ticket: 20 yuan/person (Children under 1.2m and adults over 70 years old are not allowed in the theaters. ) Free for children under 1.3m or under 8 and the old over 60. TRANSPORTATION Subway Lines: Take Line 8 to Olympic Park Station, get out from Exit G and walk north for 13 minutes. Take Line 8 to the South Gate of Forest Park Station, get out from Exit C and walk south for 10 minutes. Take Line 15 to Datun East Road Station, get out from Exit A1 and walk north for about 15 minutes. 1．What can a visitor do in the museum? A．Read books on technology. B．Do science experiments. C．Watch the Olympic Games. D．See the latest movies. 2．When can a visitor enter the museum? A．At 10 a.m. on Monday. B．At 9 a.m. on Wednesday. C．At 2 p.m. on Sunday. D．At 6 p.m. on Friday. 3．How much should Helen pay, if she goes to the museum with her 7-year-old daughter and 12-year-old son without going to the theaters? A．¥20. B．¥30. C．¥50. D．¥70. 4．What signs can you see in the museum? A．①②⑤ B．①③⑤ C．①②③ D．②④⑤ 5．Which is the way to the museum? A．Line 8 to the South Gate of Forest Park Station, get out from Exit A1. B．Line 15 to Datun East Road Station and walk for 13 minutes. C．Line 8 to Olympic Park Station, get out from Exit G, and walk south. D．Line 15 to Datun East Road Station, get out from Exit A1, and walk north. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学与技术博物馆的相关信息，包括展览内容、规则、票价、交通方式等。 1．细节理解题。根据“Each one of its four floors is full of exhibits, activities and experiments to lead every visitor into a world of wonder.”可知，游客可以在科技馆做科学实验。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“OPENING HOURS 9:30—17:00 CLOSED ON MONDAYS”可知，博物馆的开放时间是9:30—17:00，星期一闭馆；选项C“星期天下午2点。”符合题意。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“Main Exhibition Halls: Adult ticket: 30 yuan/person | Student ticket: 20 yuan/person”和“Free for children under 1.3m or under 8 and the old over 60.”可知，Helen作为成年人需要支付30元，12岁的儿子需要支付20元，7岁的女儿免费。因此，总费用为30+20=50。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Rules to follow: *No food or drinks. *No pets (except guide dogs). *No smoking.”可知，博物馆内禁止食物和饮料、禁止携带宠物、禁止吸烟，因此标志①、②、⑤是正确的。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据“Take Line 15 to Datun East Road Station, get out from Exit A1 and walk north for about 15 minutes.”可知，乘坐15号线到大屯东路站，从A1出口出，向北步行约15分钟就可以到达博物馆。故选D。 3 The Maori arrived in New Zealand from Polynesian (波利尼西亚) islands about a thousand years ago. They were the first people to live in New Zealand. In the late 18th century, Europeans came to live in New Zealand. At that time, the population of the Maori was maybe 250,000 in New Zealand. Over the next one hundred years, wars and disease killed many Maori people. By the end of the 19th century, there were only about 40,000 Maori people left. During this time, the Maori also lost much of their land to the Europeans. Many of them were afraid that they might lose their traditions and language too, but this did not happen. Today the Maori population is increasing. There are about 500,000 Maori people in New Zealand. Most live like other New Zealanders, but they are keeping the Maori language and traditions alive. There are now Maori radio and television stations. Many schools teach in the Maori language. Nearly one half of Maori language speakers are 25 years old or younger. Maori culture is also alive and well. At the center of Maori culture is the “marae”. This is a special place for ceremonies and meetings. Today the number of marae in New Zealand is increasing. Many of the new marae are in the cities. Now people in the cities can meet and learn about their Maori traditions. Today most New Zealand cities have Maori festivals each year. Among festival activities are competitions in speaking, dancing and singing. Children practice for months. Then all the Maori in the area arrive to watch the competitions and see who wins. The Maori have gone through hard times. Today they live a happy, modern life. They keep their cultural traditions alive, because they have passed and are passing them on to their children. 1．When did the Maori first arrive in New Zealand? A．Around 11th century. B．Around 14th century. C．Around 16th century. D．Around 18th century. 2．What happened to the Maori during the 19th century? A．They owned more land. B．They lost their language. C．They left New Zealand. D．They had a smaller population. 3．How do the Maori keep their traditions alive? Check and choose the right answer. a. Increase the number of marae. b. Move to the center of New Zealand. c. Set up Maori radio and TV stations. d. Teach in the Maori language in many schools. e. Hold competitions in speaking, dancing and singing. A．bcde B．abcd C．abde D．acde 4．What would be the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．C 【解析】本文主要讲述了毛利人从古到今的发展历程以及他们是如何保持和传承自己的文化。 1．细节理解题。根据“The Maori arrived in New Zealand from Polynesian (波利尼西亚) islands about a thousand years ago.”可知，毛利人大约一千年前从波利尼西亚群岛来到新西兰，今年是2025年，所以大约是125年，即11世纪。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“By the end of the 19th century, there were only about 40,000 Maori people left.”可知，到19世纪末，只剩下大约4万毛利人，人口很少了。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Today the Maori population is increasing. There are about 500,000 Maori people in New Zealand. Most live like other New Zealanders, but they are keeping the Maori language and traditions alive. There are now Maori radio and television stations. Many schools teach in the Maori language. ”可知，现在毛利人的人口正在增加，大多数人像其他新西兰人一样生活，但他们保留了毛利语言和传统，现在有毛利人的广播电台和电视台。许多学校用毛利语教学。结合“Today most New Zealand cities have Maori festivals each year. Among festival activities are competitions in speaking, dancing and singing.”可知，如今，新西兰的大多数城市每年都有毛利人的节日。节日活动中有演讲、舞蹈和歌唱比赛。所以acde是毛利人保持传统的行为，故选D。 4．篇章结构题。分析文章内容可知，第一、二两段介绍毛利人古时的情况，第三、四、五段介绍毛利人现在的情况，第六段进行总结。故选C。 4 Students may want to feed street cats in school, but they may not know where cats are. In order to give school cats a better life, students from Beijing Foreign Studies University (BFSU) made a WeChat mini-program called Beiwai Cats. Now, students can use their phones to find school cats and get to know them through it. The mini-program is easy for students to use. “______.” The cards show the cats’ photos and also have stories about them. Cat lovers can also adopt (收养) school cats on the mini-program. Zhou Hengxiao, 20, helped make the mini-program. He is a member of the BFSU Love Cats Group. He said the mini-program is good for both the students and the cats. With the “ID cards”, students can learn more about the cats. So the students might not get scratched and the cats can be safe. The group is also active on Weibo, Bilibili and Xiaohongshu. “We want to use cats to share the culture of our university. When we make money from these platforms (平台), we will use it to feed the cats and help with their illnesses,” he said. Zhou said they hope to add more cats near the university to Beiwai Cats. “We don’t have much money, but we want to do our best to give every small life a home,” said Zhou. 1．Why did students in BFSU make the mini-program? A．To give school cats a better life. B．To offer a platform to cat lovers. C．To sell cat products to cat keepers. D．To raise money for cat research. 2．Which of the following can be put in “______” in Paragraph 2? A．They can know many cats from it. B．A group of students work for it. C．On it, every cat has an “ID card”. D．Cat lovers can find pets on it. 3．What does the underlined word “scratched” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Caught. B．Lost. C．Warned. D．Hurt. 4．What is Zhou Hengxiao like? A．Calm. B．Caring. C．Patient. D．Confident. 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．A university to look after cats. B．A way to start a mini-program. C．A mini-program to care for cats. D．A group to raise money for cats. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了北京外国语大学的学生们开发了一个名为“Beiwai Cats”的微信小程序，旨在帮助校园猫过上更好的生活，并让学生们更好地了解这些猫。 1．细节理解题。根据“In order to give school cats a better life, students from Beijing Foreign Studies University (BFSU) made a WeChat mini-program called Beiwai Cats.”可知，学生们制作这个小程序的目的是为了让校园猫过上更好的生活。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“The cards show the cats’ photos and also have stories about them.”可知，每只猫都有一个“身份证”，上面有它们的照片和故事。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“With the ‘ID cards’, students can learn more about the cats. So the students might not get scratched and the cats can be safe.”可知，有了这些“身份证”，学生可以更多地了解猫，这样学生可能就不会被“抓伤”，猫也能安全，故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“‘We don’t have much money, but we want to do our best to give every small life a home,’ said Zhou.”可知，周恒晓非常关心猫的福祉，愿意尽力为它们提供帮助。因此，他是一个有爱心的人。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。全文主要介绍了北京外国语大学的学生们开发了一个名为“Beiwai Cats”的微信小程序，旨在帮助校园猫过上更好的生活，并让学生们更好地了解这些猫。因此，文章主要讲述了一个用于照顾猫的小程序。故选C。 5 HARBIN ICE FESTIVAL 2025Prepare yourselves for the wonderful Harbin Ice Festival, a world-famous ice and snow festival! Most of the fun and shows happen in Harbin Ice and Snow World. Ice sculptures are all over Harbin, but there are three main places to celebrate the festival: Harbin Ice and Snow World—a Colorful “Ice Disneyland” ※ Join in skating, ice climbing, skiing, snow fights, and ice biking. ※ Watch the Harbin Show by artists from all over the world, three times a day after 5 pm, each show lasting around 40 minutes. ※ Keep trying the local food. Sun Island—See the Art of Snow Sculpting ※ Take photos with huge snow-white sculptures in sunlight from 8 am to 5 pm. ※ Have fun with different kinds of snow sports. Zhaolin Park—a Perfect Ice World Just for Kids※ Play on the cute little ice slides. ※ Enjoy ice lantern sculptures with lights inside. Opening party: January 5th, 2025 (9 am to 11 am) Ticket booking: December 15th, 2024—March 10th, 2025. Prices: ►Harbin Ice and Snow World: ¥300; ►Sun Island: ¥150; ►Zhaolin Park: Free. Please note: Children under 12 years old can get 20% off. For more information, please click here or send us an email to ystravel@gmail.com. 1．What can visitors do in the Harbin Ice Festival? A．Cook some local food. B．Act in the Harbin Show. C．Try different snow sports. D．Take snow sculptures home. 2．Who may be most interested in Zhaolin Park? A．3-month-old Nick. B．9-year-old James. C．20-year-old Emma. D．60-year-old Ruby. 3．When can visitors book the tickets? A．On December 1st, 2024. B．On December 20th, 2024. C．On March 15th, 2025. D．On March 30th, 2025. 4．How much should Mike pay if he goes to the Sun Island with his 7-year-old son? A．¥180. B．¥240. C．¥270. D．¥300. 5．What is the purpose of the text? A．To tell a festival story. B．To show a festival party. C．To offer a travel choice. D．To share a travel experience. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了2025年哈尔滨冰雪节的各项活动、地点、门票信息等。 1．细节理解题。 根据“※ Join in skating, ice climbing, skiing, snow fights, and ice biking.”和“※ Have fun with different kinds of snow sports.”可知，游客可以在哈尔滨冰雪节参与各种冰雪运动。故选C。 2．细节理解题。 根据“Zhaolin Park—a Perfect Ice World Just for Kids”可知，兆麟公园是专门为儿童设计的冰雪世界。因此，9岁的James可能会对兆麟公园最感兴趣。故选B。 3．细节理解题。 根据“Ticket booking: December 15th, 2024—March 10th, 2025.”可知，游客可以在2024年12月15日至2025年3月10日期间预订门票。因此，2024年12月20日可以预订门票。故选B。 4．细节理解题。 根据“►Sun Island: ¥150”和“Children under 12 years old can get 20% off.”可知，Mike需要支付¥150，而他7岁的儿子可以享受20%的折扣，即¥120。因此，Mike总共需要支付¥270。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。 根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了2025年哈尔滨冰雪节的各项活动、地点、门票信息等，旨在为游客提供一个旅游选择。故选C。 5 For more than a month, the world has been excited about a new AI model, DeepSeek-R1. It was developed by DeepSeek, a Chinese business based in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province. The new AI was released on Jan 20. In just one week, it beat OpenAI’s ChatGPT and became the top free application (应用) in Apple’s App Store, reported Xinhua. Its developer said that DeepSeek-RI is as good at difficult tasks as other big models but needs less computing power (算力). It is also the cheapest of its kind and took only about 5.57million US dollars (40.58 million yuan) to develop. That is way less than the hundreds of millions or even billions that US businesses have had to spend on building similar AI models,Marc Andreessen, a technology expert in the US,told Xinhua. DeepSeek-R1’s success largely came from its special training method. Traditionally, AI is trained in two ways. One is Chain-of-Thought (CoT, 思维链), where AI learns to break problems into smaller, simpler steps. The other is Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT, 监督微调) , which works by showing Al lots of practice problems along with the right answers for it to find a pattern. DeepSeek-R1, however, used Reinforcement Learning (RL, 强化学习) as the core (核心) method, Xinhua reported. In RL, Al learns by trying different things. It gets rewards (奖励)for correct actions and gets punished for mistakes. For example, in a game, it gets points for picking up trash (垃圾) and loses points for breaking a glass. Over time, it works out the best solution all by itself. This is how DeepSeek-R1 has grown to be a reasoning model, which is a new type of Al, noted Microsoft engineer Vinayak Hegde. Regular (常规的) AI models, like GPT-40, usually just give direct answers. But reasoning models are trained to both think and show the process. 1．What is one of the strong points of DeepSeek-R1compared to other AI models? A．It’s cheaper to develop. B．It’s smarter than others. C．It’s better at difficult activities. D．It’s quicker at solving problems. 2．How does DeepSeek-R1 learn? A．By breaking problems into smaller steps. B．By finding the right patterns in practice problems. C．By finding the right way to do things independently. D．By following all kinds of orders from its creators. 3．How can the reasoning model be described? A．It gives direct answers. B．It provides a lot of reasons. C．It gives the best solution. D．It thinks and then decides. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The application of DeepSeck-RI. B．The challenges faced by DeepSeek-R1. C．The differences between Al models. D．The introduction to DeepSeek-RI. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了DeepSeek-R1的特点、优势及其成功的原因。   1．细节理解题。根据“It is also the cheapest of its kind and took only about 5.57million US dollars (40.58 million yuan) to develop.”可知DeepSeek-R1与其他AI模型相比开发成本更便宜，故选A。 2． 细节理解题。根据“In RL, AI learns by trying different things. It gets rewards for correct actions and gets punished for mistakes.”可知，DeepSeek-R1通过自己找到正确的方法去做事情。故选C。 3． 细节理解题。根据“which is a new type of Al, noted Microsoft engineer Vinayak Hegde. Regular (常规的) AI models, like GPT-40, usually just give direct answers.”及“But reasoning models are trained to both think and show the process.”可知，推理模型会思考然后做出决定。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，文章主要介绍了DeepSeek-R1的特点、优势及其成功的原因，因此文章的主要内容是对DeepSeek-R1的介绍。故选D。 6 The Hero of China’s Manned Spaceflight Program Wang Yongzhi, one of the famous rocket scientists who played a leading role in China’s manned spaceflight program, was awarded the Medal of the Republic in September, about three months after his passing away. He was born into a poor family in Liaoning Province in 1932. He studied very hard when he was young. In 1952, he went to Tsinghua University. In 1955, he was sent to study at the Moscow Aviation Institute. However, two years later, Wang changed his major (专业) after learning that China needed some students to learn how to design carrier rockets and ballistic missiles (运载火箭和弹道导弹). In the summer of 1961, Wang graduated and returned to China. He started working on rocket design. During his work, he designed a number of rockets and missiles. In 1992, he was named as the first chief planner of the nation’s manned spaceflight program, although he was already 60. The task brought him a great deal of pressure, but he stuck to his task because he thought it was his duty to make the nation’s dream of flying into space come true. Under the scientist’s leadership, China succeeded in its first manned spaceflight in 2003. For his contributions (贡献) to China’s spaceflight program, Wang received the National Science and Technology Award in the same year. In 2005, he saw the success of China’s second manned spaceflight. After retirement (退休), Wang was still energetic. He continued to provide suggestions for the building of China’s space station and the manned lunar landing program. 1．Where did Wang Yongzhi study in 1955? A．Tsinghua University. B．Moscow Aviation Institute. C．A university in China. D．A school in Liaoning. 2．Why did Wang Yongzhi change his major? A．Because he was interested in the new major. B．Because his teacher asked him to change. C．Because China needed students to learn how to design carrier rockets and ballistic missiles. D．Because he wanted to get a better - paid job. 3．When was Wang Yongzhi named as the first chief planner of the nation’s manned spaceflight program? A．In 1992. B．In 2003. C．In 2005. D．In 2019. 4．What does the underline phrase “stuck to” mean? A．gave up B．forgot about C．continued with D．laughed at 5．What can we learn from the passage? A．Wang learned to design carrier rockets by himself B．Wang showed a great interest in space when he was a child. C．Wang was awarded the Medal of the Republic after death. D．Wang was known for his contributions to building the space station. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国载人航天计划的杰出科学家王永志的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“In 1955, he was sent to study at the Moscow Aviation Institute.”可知，1955年王永志被派往莫斯科航空学院学习。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“However, two years later, Wang changed his major (专业) after learning that China needed some students to learn how to design carrier rockets and ballistic missiles”可知，王永志改变专业是因为中国需要学生学习如何设计运载火箭和弹道导弹。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“In 1992, he was named as the first chief planner of the nation’s manned spaceflight program, although he was already 60.”可知，王永志在1992年被任命为国家载人航天计划的首位总设计师。故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据“The task brought him a great deal of pressure, but he stuck to his task because he thought it was his duty to make the nation’s dream of flying into space come true.”可知，这项任务给他带来了巨大的压力，但他坚持完成任务，因为他认为实现国家飞向太空的梦想是他的责任。推断stuck to表示“坚持”，即“继续从事某事”。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“Wang Yongzhi, one of the famous rocket scientists who played a leading role in China’s manned spaceflight program, was awarded the Medal of the Republic in September, about three months after his passing away.”可知，王永志在去世后被授予共和国勋章。故选C。 7 Once upon a time, in a quiet little town, there lived a boy named Jack. Jack was a shy and lonely boy. He always felt anxious when he was around other kids. One day, his teacher announced a group project, and Jack was paired with a girl named Lucy. At first, Jack was very nervous. He didn’t know what to say or how to work with her. But Lucy was kind and friendly. She smiled at him and said, “Don’t worry. We can do this together.” Jack felt a little better. As they worked on the project, Jack started to feel happy. Lucy was full of ideas, and Jack found himself enjoying their conversations. They laughed and shared stories. Jack felt like he had a real friend for the first time. But then, something unexpected happened. They lost all their work because of a computer problem. Jack felt so sad and frustrated. He thought they would never finish the project on time. Lucy, however, stayed calm and said, “It’s okay. We can start over. We can do it.” Jack was amazed by her strength and felt encouraged. With Lucy’s support, Jack felt hopeful again. They worked even harder and finally finished the project. When they presented it to the class, everyone clapped and praised their work. Jack felt proud and happy. He realized that friendship could turn even the hardest times into something beautiful. As he walked home that day, Jack couldn’t stop thinking about how much he had changed. He felt a warmth in his heart, knowing that he had found a friend who believed in him. 1．What does the underlined word “frustrated” mean in the story? A．Very happy. B．Very tired. C．Very upset. D．Very bored. 2．How did Jack’s feelings change throughout the story? A．Nervous→Happy→Frustrated→Hopeful→Proud→Warm B．Nervous→Frustrated→Happy→Hopeful→Warm→Proud C．Happy→Nervous→Frustrated→Hopeful→Proud→Warm D．Nervous→Frustrated→Hopeful→Happy→Warm→Proud 3．What can we learn about Lucy from the story? A．She is a shy and quiet girl. B．She is kind and supportive. C．She is easily frustrated. D．She is not good at working with others. 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the story? A．Jack’s Lonely Life B．Lucy’s Strength C．A Difficult School Project D．The Magic of Friendship 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【解析】本文讲述了杰克通过和露西一起完成一个小组项目，从中他意识到，即使是最艰难的时刻，友谊也能把它变得美好。 1．词义猜测题。根据“He thought they would never finish the project on time.”可知，他认为他们不可能按时完成这项工程，因此推断他感到非常沮丧。故划线单词表示very upset“非常沮丧”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“At first, Jack was very nervous.”可知，刚开始杰克感到紧张。根据“As they worked on the project, Jack started to feel happy.”可知，当他们在项目上工作时，杰克开始感到高兴。根据“They lost all their work because of a computer problem. Jack felt so sad and frustrated.”可知，因为电脑出了问题，他们把所有的工作都丢了。杰克感到非常伤心和沮丧。根据“With Lucy’s support, Jack felt hopeful again.”可知，在露西的支持下，杰克又感到了希望。根据“When they presented it to the class, everyone clapped and praised their work. Jack felt proud and happy.”可知，当他们向全班展示时，每个人都鼓掌并称赞他们的工作。杰克感到骄傲和快乐。根据“As he walked home that day, Jack couldn’t stop thinking about how much he had changed. He felt a warmth in his heart, knowing that he had found a friend who believed in him.”最后，那天回家的路上，杰克不停地想自己变了多少。他心里感到一阵温暖，知道他找到了一个信任他的朋友。因此在整个故事中杰克的感情的变化为：Nervous→Happy→Frustrated→Hopeful→Proud→Warm。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“But Lucy was kind and friendly.”和“With Lucy’s support, Jack felt hopeful again.”可知，露西是善良的、给与帮助的人。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文并根据“He realized that friendship could turn even the hardest times into something beautiful.”可知，他意识到，即使是最艰难的时刻，友谊也能把它变得美好。因此本文主要介绍友谊的魔力。故选D。 8 Many people are trying to learn a new language. Some of them consider it as a hobby, while others have to learn a language because it is required by their jobs or study. As a foreigner who is really interested in Chinese culture, I like learning Chinese. It is thought that a person needs to know at least 3000 Chinese characters to understand most Chinese newspapers. The problem for most foreigners, however, is that knowing 3000 characters sounds like an impossible task, for many of the Chinese characters look the same. That’s why some people give up halfway. It’s the most difficult part for me, too. Whenever I saw a character I didn’t know in the street or on a menu, I would just write it down on my phone and then look it up. Slowly I’ve learned the characters that are common in daily life. It’s also important to listen to Chinese as much as possible. I downloaded a lot of listening materials from the Internet on my phone and listened to them on the way to school, work and even dating with my friends. I also watched a lot of Chinese TV shows and films, where the words are not so difficult and there are always subtitles (字幕). In this way, I’ve also learned how to express myself like a native. Learning a language is never easy. Basically, I just use every tool on hand and take my learning step by step, and I’m still learning new things to this day! 1．Why does the writer learn Chinese? A．Because he hopes to move to Beijing, China. B．Because he has found a job in a big city in China. C．Because he wants to know more about Chinese things. D．Because he would like to taste all kinds of delicious Chinese food. 2．What does the underlined word “downloaded” mean? A．购买 B．下载 C．借阅 D．阅读 3．What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph? A．It takes time to learn a language. B．Chinese isn’t as hard as you think. C．It’s interesting to write Chinese characters. D．It’s impossible for a foreigner to master Chinese. 4．Where does the text probably come from? A．A guidebook. B．A science report. C．A magazine. D．A movie review. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者作为一名外国人学习汉语的经历，包括学习汉字的挑战、通过听力和观看影视作品提高语言能力的方法，以及学习语言的长期性和持续性。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“As a foreigner who is really interested in Chinese culture, I like learning Chinese.”可知，作者学习中文是因为对中国文化感兴趣，想更多了解中国。 故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据文中“downloaded a lot of listening materials from the Internet on my phone”可知，作者从互联网上下载了很多听力材料到手机上，故此处“downloaded”意为“下载”。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。根据文中“Learning a language is never easy. Basically, I just use every tool on hand and take my learning step by step, and I’m still learning new things to this day!”可知，作者想告诉我们学习语言需要时间和持续的努力。故选A。 4．推理判断题。本文是一篇个人学习经历和心得，类似于杂志中的个人专栏或学习分享文章。故选C。 8 Environmentalists are getting more worried about the influence of fast fashion on the environment. Fast fashion is lots of clothes at low costs. They are put in shops and online quickly. Companies make billions of clothes every year. This is expected to grow by 60% by 2030. The fast fashion business is having a negative influence on the environment. Many of the clothes end up in the rubbish and are not recycled. Another influence on the environment is caused by the chemicals used to make clothes. These cause health problems for people working in clothes factories. The way people are buying clothes is adding to the reason for clothing waste. Today, people order cheap clothes on the Internet. They can send clothes back if they don’t like them. Some people buy clothes but never wear them. A German media (媒体) company wrote, “Every year in Europe, four million tons of clothing end up in the rubbish. Less than 1% of this is recycled.” It seems that the fashion industry is causing a throw away society. In fact, people can take steps to make the clothes last longer or not end up in the rubbish. First, wash clothes only as necessary. Second, repair some broken parts instead of throwing away the clothes. Third, give away what you no longer wear or exchange your clothes with your friends. By following these steps, people can reduce the clothing waste. Every small step can have a positive influence on the environment, 1．What does the underlined word “negative” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．great B．bad C．strange D．small 2．How many tons of clothes are recycled in Europe every year? A．Four million. B．Less than one million. C．About forty thousand. D．More than two million. 3．What is the fourth paragraph mainly about? A．The ways to exchange clothes. B．The ways to deal with rubbish. C．The ways to repair clothes. D．The ways to keep our clothes longer. 4．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．People Worry about Fast Fashion. B．Fast Fashion Changes People’s Life. C．Fast Fashion Help Save Money. D．Fast Fashion Is Harmful to the Environment. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了快时尚行业对环境产生的负面影响。 1．词句猜测题。根据“Many of the clothes end up in the rubbish and are not recycled.”可知，许多衣服最终都变成了垃圾，没有被回收，是对环境产生了负面影响，故推出划线部分negative意为“不好的”。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“Every year in Europe, four million tons of clothing end up in the rubbish. Less than 1% of this is recycled.”可知，在欧洲，每年有400万吨衣服被扔进垃圾桶，其中只有不到1%被回收，即不到4万的衣服被回收。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。根据“In fact, people can take steps to make the clothes last longer or not end up in the rubbish.”及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍了让衣服使用更久的办法。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。根据“The fast fashion business is having a negative influence on the environment.”及通读全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了快时尚行业对环境的负面影响，故“快时尚对环境有害”符合本文标题。故选D。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$