专题02 精选阅读理解10篇【考题猜想】-2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期中考点大串讲（外研版2019）

高二下学期期中考点大串讲 精选阅读理解10篇 1 （24-25高二下·山西·阶段练习）A robot that can wash windows and do the shopping is something that the futuristic cartoon The Jetsons envisioned occurring in 2062, but it is happening now. Unlimited Robotics, an Israeli startup based in Tel Aviv has created a robot that can do the tasks that you don’t want to. Gary, named after the initials of the company’s founder and CEO Guy Altagar’s children, is not like the robots that are already on the market. The robot has two functioning arms and it is no easy task to build a robot with two arms. In fact, Altagar said that the robot can activate its arms to do a number of tasks at the same time. Gary is also autonomous, which means that it can do tasks that are programmed without a person turning on a switch like an iRobot. This means that unlike robots that are designed to do just one task like picking fruit or assembling cars, Gary can pick up new skills and perform new tasks just by writing some additional lines of code. While Gary was designed to do tasks in homes and offices, the robot could easily do work in factories, stores, and hospitals. Gary can hold up to5 kilos (11 pounds) and has a top speed of 1.2 meters per second (3.1 mph) and can adapt to multiple settings - floor, carpets, grass, indoors and outdoors. Gary can adapt to different environments because of the three different infrared (红外线的) and in-depth cameras that are built in. There are currently nine robots that are being used in medical settings and in hotels where there are presently labor shortages. Gary can do nonmedical work by bringing patients water or extra blankets. But this is just the beginning. The company already has plans to increase the number of robots to 500 by the end of 2024. After that, who knows what other futuristic Jetsonian fantasy will become a reality next? 1．Why does the author mention The Jetsons in paragraph 1? A．To highly praise the current robots. B．To get readers interested in robots. C．To lead in the topic of robot Gary. D．To introduce a futuristic cartoon film. 2．What is the advantage of Gary over other robots? A．It is easily operated. B．It can be programmed itself. C．It is remotely controlled. D．It can do multiple tasks automatically. 3．What does paragraph 4 focus on regarding Gary? A．Its capabilities. B．Its design. C．Its appearance. D．Its limitations. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the future of robots? A．Doubtful. B．Pessimistic. C．Optimistic. D．Worried. 2 （24-25高二上·北京·期中）Removing gender bias Tailors worked out long ago that men and women have different shapes. Yet this message has failed to enter many other areas of design. Car seat belts, for example, which date back to the 1880s, are often still more suitable for men, who tend to sit farther back than women when driving. And today the most forward-looking tech companies on Earth are still placing old-school bias (偏见，成见) into new products. Consider smart phones. Most are too big to fit comfortably into the average woman’s hand, as are many video-game controllers. An obvious part of the explanation for their design problem is that men control most of its companies — male-run firms receive 82% of venture-capital (VC) funding. Male bosses may be unaware of the problems women face. They may not flag up obvious areas of concern, or ask the right questions when doing their research for a new product design. And once an idea gets the preen light, it will then be handled by product-design and, engineering teams, three-quarters of whose members are men. These teams often use data to make decisions, but mixing all users together means they may fail to spot trends based on sex differences. Dependence on historical data, and the lack of data on underrepresented groups, can also create bias in algorithms (算法). Next comes testing. Naturally’, designers test original models on their intended customers, but they may not get feedback from a broad enough group of people. There is also the risk of confirmation bias — designers may listen to what they want to hear, and ignore negative reactions from some groups of users. Tech’s design bias needs fixing for moral, safety and business reasons. The ethical importance is obvious: it is wrong that women have to make do with a “one-size-fits-men” world, as Caroline Criado Perez, a writer, puts it. As for safety, regulators can tackle that by banning things that are dangerous to women — including seat belts — because they are not designed properly. But there is also a powerful business case for avoiding design bias, because huge opportunities are being missed. Women are 50% of the population, and make 70 — 80% of the world’s consumer-spending decisions. Change is coming. The first voice-recognition systems struggled to understand female voices, but most now manage just fine. “Femtech” start-up companies, which focus on women’s health and well-being, may raise MYM 1 billion by the end of this year. VC funds and tech firms are hiring more women. Ensuring that products are designed for everyone would lead to happier and safer customers. For the companies that get it right, that means higher profits. What is holding them back? 1．Why are car seat belts often designed with a bias towards men? A．Because men tend to sit farther back in cars compared to women. B．Because car seat belts have not undergone significant changes since their invention. C．Because tech companies are incorporating biases into their new car seat belt designs. D．Because tailors have a deeper understanding of body shapes than car seat belt designers. 2．What is discussed in Paragraphs 2 and 3? A．Why tech’s design bias needs to be fixed. B．How gender bias is affecting tech companies. C．Where gender bias in product design is rooted. D． Who is to blame for gender bias in tech companies. 3．We can learn from the passage that . A．tech companies are unwilling to change B．design bias may result in missed opportunities C．male workers benefit more in engineering teams D．tech companies are poor at making user-friendly products 4．How does the author feel about the future of bias-free product design? A．Uncertain. B．Sceptical. C．Negative. D．Positive. 3 （24-25高二下·湖南·阶段练习）If humans attempt to establish communities on the moon or other planets, what will they eat? A new experiment has begun to determine if meat cells can grow in space. Even on Earth, growing meat from cells is challenging. Cow cells(though any animal’s meat could be used) are fed essential nutrients like amino acids and carbohydrates. These cells multiply until muscle tissue forms, eventually creating consumable meat through a process called “cultivation(培养)”. This method involves growing meat in tanks that resemble brewery setups more than traditional farms, bypassing the life-cycle of animals raised for meat— birth, life and kill. “Animal cells grow slowly,” explains David Humbird, a chemical engineer. “If bacteria were to get into the cultivation, it would multiply more rapidly than the animal cells, effectively taking over and halting animal cell production. You end up with a culture of bacteria instead, which is useless and must be discarded.” he adds. Humbird further clarifies that cells cultivated on consumable materials primarily consist of sugar, amino acids and water. Consequently, the caloric value of these lab-grown cells will always be lower than the input materials. At the best case one could probably recover 25% of the calories for consumption. This raises the question: “why transport all those calories into space just to waste 75% of them?” Karen Nyberg, a former astronaut, emphasizes the crucial role of food in space missions. “Food like powdered milk and that sort of thing comes as a regular source for astronauts, but space-grown meat is a novelty we lack. Any advancement in this area significantly boosts our morale and eases our pressure.” For extended missions away from Earth, access to fresh produce becomes essential for maintaining crew health. Indeed, if humanity intends to establish a presence on Mars, how to provide astronauts with nutrient-rich food that doesn’t spoil— and tastes good— is a crucial yet complex puzzle that must be addressed. 1．What is a key challenge in cell-based meat production? A．High cost of nutrients. B．Difficulty in keeping tanks. C．Lack of suitable cells. D．Slow cell growth rate. 2．What does David Humbird think of growing meat in space? A．It is resource inefficient. B．It is promising. C．It is cost-effective. D．It is unethical. 3．Why does Karen support growing meat in space? A．It reduces the cost of transporting food from Earth. B．It provides diverse food choices for astronauts. C．It facilitates long-term medical development. D．It tastes much better than powdered milk. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Will Lab-grown Meat Help Feed Astronauts? B．Will Astronauts like Cell-Cultured Meat? C．Food Revolution: From Tube to Table D．The Rise of Bioengineered Food 4 （24-25高二下·河北邯郸·阶段练习）Over the past two decades, social media has evolved from a simple online platform for sharing personal updates to a powerful tool that has revolutionized the way people communicate, connect, and share information globally. From its humble beginnings as a way to keep in touch with friends and family, social media has transformed into a multifaceted digital ecosystem that influences everything from personal relationships to global politics. The early days of social media were marked by platforms like Six Degrees, Friendster, and MySpace, which allowed users to create profiles, upload photos, and connect with others based on shared interests. However, it wasn’t until the launch of Facebook in 2004 that social media truly began to take off. Facebook’s intuitive interface and robust features, such as friend requests, messaging, and photo albums, quickly made it a favorite among internet users. As social media gained popularity, new platforms emerged, each offering unique features and ways to connect. Twitter, for example, introduced the concept of microblogging, allowing users to share short updates and thoughts with their followers in real-time. Instagram, on the other hand, focused on photo and video sharing, transforming the way people capture and document their lives. The rise of social media has had a profound impact on communication. It has made it easier for people to stay connected with loved ones, regardless of distance. It has also provided a platform for individuals and organizations to share their voices, raise awareness about important issues, and mobilize support for social causes. However, the proliferation of social media has also led to concerns about privacy, misinformation, and the potential for online harassment. Despite these challenges, social media continues to evolve and adapt to the needs of its users. As technology advances, we can expect to see new features and platforms that further enhance our ability to communicate and connect with others. The future of social media is uncertain, but one thing is clear: it will continue to play a significant role in shaping the way we interact with the world. 1．Which platform is credited with the true takeoff of social media? A．Six Degrees. B．Friendster. C．MySpace. D．Facebook. 2．What unique feature does Twitter offer? A．Photo and video sharing.B．Microblogging.C．Messaging. D．Friend requests. 3．According to the passage, what are some of the concerns associated with the rise of social media? A．Privacy and misinformation. B．Only privacy. C．Only misinformation. D．Online harassment and microblogging. 4．What can we infer about the future of social media based on the passage? A．It will become less popular over time. B．It will continue to evolve and adapt to user needs. C．It will face significant challenges and decline. D．It will remain unchanged in its current form. 5 （24-25高二下·安徽·阶段练习）The world of work will likely look very different by the time the current generation of kids finishes high school. Experts in careers and education have predicted that advances in technology, especially artificial intelligence, will transform the way humans work in the future. Education futurist and school consultant Tony Ryan said artificial intelligence will transform the future workforce across every industry, making some jobs outdated while creating others. While some jobs could be replaced by robots, others will still need a human touch. Mr. Ryan said jobs requiring “empathy and connection,” such as teaching, social work and nursing, would continue to be needed in the future. “We need to be careful that we don’t be so crazy about the technology that we allow it to take our humanity,” he said. Professor David Cropley from the University of South Australia said advancing technology would shape the careers of today’s kids as AI products continued to advance.“However, I don’t think these will simply replace humans in the world of work, Rather, I see them as a tool to assist human specialists,” Professor Cropley said. “For example, with medical diagnosis (诊断), doctors will consult with their AI assistant to confirm what is visible on an X-ray. The AI provides an input but does not replace the human in making the final decision. This is because something like a medical consultation still begins and ends with a human interaction.” He predicted that some blue-collar jobs, such as shearing (剪) a sheep, would still need a human to perform them. “The automation and AI, as capable as it might be, is still really just a very fancy tool,” Professor Cropley said.“Hammers and saws didn’t displace carpenters (木匠), they just made the job of carpentry easier and more efficient for the human.” Critical and creative thinkers with skills in science, technology, engineering and mathematics would also be in high demand by 2038. he said. 1．What did Tony Ryan predict about the future workforce? A．All jobs will be replaced by AI. B．Some jobs will still need humans. C．AI will only impact certain industries. D．AI will create more jobs than it destroys 2．Based on Professor Cropley’s statement, why do doctors still make the final decision in medical consultations? A．AI is not accurate enough. B．AI cannot understand human emotions. C．Doctors are more qualified than AI assistants. D．Medical consultations require human interaction. 3．Why did Professor Cropley mention hammers and saws in his statement? A．To show the history of tools. B．To predict the future of carpentry jobs. C．To explain AI’s role in assisting workers D．To emphasize the power of automation. 4．Which could be the most suitable title? A．The Future of Work in an AI World B．The Rise of Robots in the Workforce C．How AI Will Replace Human Workers D．The Future of Human Empathy in AI Jobs 6 （24-25高二下·山西·阶段练习）Glass might soon meet a surprising competitor: bamboo. Scientists in China have transformed regular bamboo into a see-through material that repels fire and water, and reduces smoke, providing an environmentally friendly replacement for traditional glass made from sand. While glass is still widely used in buildings for its clearness, its tendency to break easily, heavy weight and environmental impact have pushed researchers to look for other materials like clear wood — and now bamboo. Clear wood, made by removing a natural substance called lignin and adding plastic-like materials, has been seen as a good renewable option. It is lighter than glass and better at keeping heat out. However, its tendency to catch fire and the slow growth rate of trees make it hard to produce in large amounts. To solve this, researchers at Central South University of Forestry and Technology focused on bamboo, which grows fully in 4 — 7 years and produces four times more material per farm area compared to trees. The team applied the methods developed for making wood see-through to bamboo, which has a similar chemical makeup. Specifically, by removing lignin which makes plants look solid and filling the bamboo fibers with a glass-like liquid called sodium silicate, they changed how light passes through the material, achieving 71.6% clearness. A final water-blocking treatment created three layers: a protective outer coating, a middle layer of silicon dioxide (a common glass ingredient), and a base layer of sodium silicate. The final material showed impressive strength, outshining many common plastics. Importantly, the clear bamboo showed special fire safety features. Unlike wood-based materials, it didn’t catch fire easily, blocked water, and stopped dangerous smoke and gases from spreading — key benefits for building use. When tested as a base for advanced solar cells (a type of energy technology), it helped control light better, increasing energy production by 15.29%. This double role suggests it could be used in smart buildings that use sunlight for lighting while creating clean energy. While making this material in large amounts still needs work, this discovery supports environmental goals. 1．What does the underlined word “repels” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Resists. B．Conducts. C．Absorbs. D．Attracts. 2．How did the researchers make bamboo see-through? A．By adding plastic-like materials and water. B．By removing sodium silicate and adding lignin. C．By adding lignin and filling it with sodium silicate. D．By removing lignin and filling it with sodium silicate. 3．What can be learned about clear bamboo from the text? A．It is not as strong as common plastics. B．It can only be used for building windows. C．It offers potential for both building and energy fields. D．It is less environmentally friendly than traditional glass. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The process of making clear wood. B．The disadvantages of traditional glass. C．A new environmentally friendly material. D．The application of clear bamboo in solar cells. 7 （24-25高二下·重庆·阶段练习） A medical capsule robot is a small, often pill-sized device that can do planned movement inside the body after being swallowed or surgically inserted. Most models use wireless electronics or magnets or a combination of the two to control the movement of the capsule. Such devices have been equipped with cameras to allow observation and diagnosis, with sensors that “feel,” and even with mechanical needles that administer drugs. But in practice, Biomechatronics engineer Pietro Valdastri has found that developing capsule models from scratch (从头开始) is costly, time-consuming and requires advanced skills. “The problem was we had to do them from scratch every time,” said Valdastri in an interview. “And other research groups were redeveloping those same modules from scratch, which didn’t make sense.” Since most of the capsules have the same parts of components: a microprocessor, communication submodules, an energy source, sensors, and actuators (致动器), Valdastri and his team made the modular (模块化) platform in which the pieces work in concert and can be interchanged with ease. They also developed a flexible board on which the component parts are snapped in like Legos. The board can be folded to fit the body of the capsule, down to about 14 mm. Additionally, they compiled (编译) a library of components that designers could choose from, enabling hundreds of different combinations. They arranged it all in a free online system. Designers can take the available designs or adapt them to their specific needs. “Instead of redeveloping all the modules from scratch, people with limited technological experience can use our modules to build their own capsule robots in clinical use and focus on their innovation,” Valdastri said. Now, the team has designed a capsule equipped with a surgical clip to stop internal bleeding. Researchers at Scotland’s Royal Infirmary of Edinburg have also expressed interest in using the system to make a crawling capsule that takes images of the colon (结肠). One research group, led by professors at the Institute of Digestive Disease of the Chinese University of HongKong, is making a swimming capsule equipped with a camera that pushes itself through the stomach. One limitation of Valdastri’s system is that it’s only for designing models. Researchers can confirm their hypotheses (假设) and do first design using the platform, but will need to move to a custom approach to develop their capsules further and make them practical for clinical use. Now, they’re contacting with component factories for ways of making customized capsules. 1．According to the passage, Valdastri and his team created the platform to . A．adopt the latest technologies B．make their robots dream come true C．help build specialized capsule robots D．do preciser observation and diagnosis 2．What does the underlined phrase “work in concert” mean in Para.3? A．Perform live. B．Run independently. C．Act in a cooperative way. D．Carry on step by step. 3．What can be learned from the passage? A．Valdastri’s system can’t provide a complete capsule creation. B．The modular platform is more useful than a custom approach. C．The capsules can move in human’s body automatically. D．It costs more to module the capsules on the board. 4．What in your mind will Valdastri and his team do next? A．They will make more components. B．They will provide approaches to making complete capsule robots. C．They will try to raise money to develop the online system. D．They will add more innovation to their capsule robots. 8 （24-25高二下·山东济南·阶段练习）A garden constructed with “humble” clay fashioned into 3D - printed bricks has claimed the first green medal at the Chelsea Flower Show for being the most environmentally sustainable design. The Chelsea Flower Show, a celebrated global event held annually at Chelsea, London, has been a foundation of the gardening calendar since 1913. It began as a way to show the latest trends in gardening and plant varieties. The Environmental Innovation Award is the first of its sort and goes along with the gold, silver and bronze medals awarded to the most attractive and interesting gardens. Giulio Giorgi, a first-time Chelsea designer, stated he created the green-medal-winning garden with no concrete. Most gardens contain concrete in some form and the materials they are built from often generate the highest carbon footprint. While the employment of pollinator - friendly plants, wild areas and sensible use of water are well - known easy ways to make a garden more sustainable, Giorgi said it was crucial to focus on the building materials as their carbon footprint was often overlooked. “We typically use a lot of metal, cement (水泥) and then all the energy we have to put in to build the gardens. The material in our garden is low-temperature-fired clay, a resource that can be found pretty much everywhere. We made this clay into 3D-printed bricks, connecting ancient tradition with novel practices so carbon emissions are the lowest possible, if any. The bricks keep water like a sponge and release it when drought strikes plants,” said Giorgi. Judges considered end-of-life plans for the gardens and whether materials could be reused. The 3D-printed nature of Giorgi's garden means it can easily be taken apart and put together again. As a result, when it is relocated to RHS Garden Wisley, where it will live on after the show as an educational facility, the carbon emissions will be low as no materials will be wasted. 1．What do we know about the Chelsea Flower Show? A．It values sustainability and appeal. B．It aimed to encourage outdoor fitness. C．It prohibits concrete in competing gardens. D．It has a tradition of advocating for greenness. 2．What advantage does clay have over other building materials according to Giorgi? A．It catches fire less easily. B．It's more durable and absorbent. C．It takes less labor to produce. D．It's eco - friendly and more available. 3．What will become of Giorgi's garden after the show? A．It'll be sold publicly. B．It'll serve as an urban landmark. C．It'll be turned into a school. D．It'll come into play in another spot. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Clay Bricks: Recyclable Building Material B．Chelsea Flower Show: Celebration of Gardening C．Garden with Clay Bricks: Winner of Green Medal D．Giulio Giorgi: Designer Enthusiastic about High - Tech 9 （24-25高二下·河北张家口·阶段练习）AI (artificial intelligence) is a new field of computer science. It allows machines to learn from experience, make decisions and solve problems like humans. Today you can find a lot of AI examples in our everyday life. You use AI facial recognition to unlock your phone. Self-driving cars use it to drive. Shopping apps use it to provide you with information according to your interest. Perhaps the best example is the smart assistant on your phone, which can support you when you make voice calls, add events to the calendar, and send messages. All in all, AI is everywhere. In recent years, China has a rapid development in AI. To prepare students well for the future, Zhejiang Province plans to make students in primary and middle schools learn AI. Last year, Zhejiang Province started “AI + education” pilot project in schools. Wenzhou is one of the cities that have carried out the project. The city plans to have nearly 760 schools for AI education by the end of this year, hoping to bring AI to every classroom. It’s easy to open the AI course among primary and middle schools, because information technology is already a subject tested in Gaokao in Zhejiang. The new AI course is expected to build a strong AI talent pool for universities and colleges in the future. However, AI-based education is still faced with a lot of challenges. One of the biggest challenges is that there are not enough top teachers. 1．What can AI help machines do? A．Find a lot of examples B．Copy and act like humans. C．Do everything for humans. D．Experience different kinds of life. 2．Which of the following is NOT an example of AI? A．Taking a ride in a self-driving car. B．Sharing your interest with friend. C．Unlocking your phone with your face ID． D．Sending messages with the smart assistant. 3．What does the third paragraph mainly talk about? A．The AI education in Wenzhou. B．The importance of the AI course. C．The AI cities in Zhejiang Province. D．The AI course and other subjects. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．It’s going to be hard to pass AI tests. B．The AI course will be a subject in Gaokao. C．There will be a great need for top teachers. D．The AI course will be popular all over the world. 10 （24-25高二下·重庆万州·阶段练习）Robots have learned to drive on Mars, carry out brain operation and defeat master chess players. But when it comes to baking, making tasty desserts is far from a piece of cake. After many failed attempts, US researchers have successfully 3D printed a cherry cheesecake, although the outcome is unlikely to trouble the world’s dessert masters. In the latest experiment, researchers tried various cheesecake designs. In early attempts, which involved simply adding ingredients one by one, the team found that the cake quickly turned into a mixture. Through trial and error, they discovered that a more architectural solution was needed. Walls of biscuit base were required throughout the cake to hold the softer ingredients, while triangular (三角的) biscuit supports on the inside were necessary to keep the cake from falling apart. “To print the cake successfully, we need to put the ingredients together in a careful way,” said the team leader Cooper. Although much work is still needed to collect data and improve the designs, scientists are hopeful that once mastered, 3D printing could replace traditional cooking, allowing food to be adapted to different nutritional(营养)needs. “We have a huge problem with the low nutrition of processed foods,” said Cooper. “3D food printing will still produce processed foods, but perhaps the silver lining will be, for some people, a better control of nutrition based on personalized needs.” The team said 3D printing could also allow chefs to create entirely new food experiences, with flavours and textures (质地) placed very precisely. “It is particularly practical for the plant-based meat market, where texture and flavour need to be carefully designed to taste like real meats,” said Cooper. And, with more concern about food safety, food prepared with less human handling could lower the risk of food-related illness and the spread of disease. According to Cooper, this seems like a win-win solution for all of us. 1．Why was it difficult for researchers to 3D print a cherry cheesecake at first? A．They lacked advanced 3D printing technology. B．The ingredients were too complex to handle. C．There were no proper architectural designs. D．They added ingredients in a disorderly way. 2．What is the last paragraph mainly about concerning 3D printed food? A．Promising markets. B．Technical challenges. C．Practical concerns. D．Additional benefits. 3．What can be inferred from the passage about 3D food printing? A．It may bring new opportunities for the plant - based meat market. B．It can help solve the problem of low - nutrition processed foods completely. C．It has already replaced traditional cooking in many places. D．It will definitely lower the risk of food - related illness. 4．What is the author's main purpose in writing this article? A．To describe the process of creating a 3D-printed cheesecake B．To argue that 3D food printing will revolutionize the restaurant industry C．To discuss both the achievements and future possibilities of 3D food printing D．To warn about the risks associated with processed foods produced by 3D printers 12 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高二下学期期中考点大串讲 精选阅读理解10篇 1 （24-25高二下·山西·阶段练习）A robot that can wash windows and do the shopping is something that the futuristic cartoon The Jetsons envisioned occurring in 2062, but it is happening now. Unlimited Robotics, an Israeli startup based in Tel Aviv has created a robot that can do the tasks that you don’t want to. Gary, named after the initials of the company’s founder and CEO Guy Altagar’s children, is not like the robots that are already on the market. The robot has two functioning arms and it is no easy task to build a robot with two arms. In fact, Altagar said that the robot can activate its arms to do a number of tasks at the same time. Gary is also autonomous, which means that it can do tasks that are programmed without a person turning on a switch like an iRobot. This means that unlike robots that are designed to do just one task like picking fruit or assembling cars, Gary can pick up new skills and perform new tasks just by writing some additional lines of code. While Gary was designed to do tasks in homes and offices, the robot could easily do work in factories, stores, and hospitals. Gary can hold up to5 kilos (11 pounds) and has a top speed of 1.2 meters per second (3.1 mph) and can adapt to multiple settings - floor, carpets, grass, indoors and outdoors. Gary can adapt to different environments because of the three different infrared (红外线的) and in-depth cameras that are built in. There are currently nine robots that are being used in medical settings and in hotels where there are presently labor shortages. Gary can do nonmedical work by bringing patients water or extra blankets. But this is just the beginning. The company already has plans to increase the number of robots to 500 by the end of 2024. After that, who knows what other futuristic Jetsonian fantasy will become a reality next? 1．Why does the author mention The Jetsons in paragraph 1? A．To highly praise the current robots. B．To get readers interested in robots. C．To lead in the topic of robot Gary. D．To introduce a futuristic cartoon film. 2．What is the advantage of Gary over other robots? A．It is easily operated. B．It can be programmed itself. C．It is remotely controlled. D．It can do multiple tasks automatically. 3．What does paragraph 4 focus on regarding Gary? A．Its capabilities. B．Its design. C．Its appearance. D．Its limitations. 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the future of robots? A．Doubtful. B．Pessimistic. C．Optimistic. D．Worried. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍Unlimited Robotics公司创造了一种机器人Gary，可以完成你不想做的任务。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“A robot that can wash windows and do the shopping is something that the futuristic cartoon The Jetsons envisioned occurring in 2062, but it is happening now. Unlimited Robotics, an Israeli startup based in Tel Aviv has created a robot that can do the tasks that you don’t want to. (未来派动画片《杰森一家》曾设想在2062年出现一个既能擦窗户又能购物的机器人，但现在它已经成真了。总部位于特拉维夫的以色列初创公司“无限机器人”发明了一款机器人，它可以完成你不想做的任务。)”可知，第一段提及The Jetsons是为了引出话题，介绍机器人Gary。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“In fact, Altagar said that the robot can activate its arms to do a number of tasks at the same time. (事实上，Altagar说，机器人可以激活它的手臂同时做许多任务。)”可知，相比其他机器人，Gary的优势在于它能自动完成多项任务。故选D。 3．主旨大意题。根据第四段“While Gary was designed to do tasks in homes and offices, the robot could easily do work in factories, stores, and hospitals. Gary can hold up to5 kilos (11 pounds) and has a top speed of 1.2 meters per second (3.1 mph) and can adapt to multiple settings - floor, carpets, grass, indoors and outdoors. Gary can adapt to different environments because of the three different infrared (红外线的) and in-depth cameras that are built in. (虽然Gary的设计目的是在家庭和办公室完成任务，但它可以轻松地在工厂、商店和医院工作。加里可以举起5公斤（11磅）的重物，最高速度为每秒1.2米（3.1英里），可以适应多种环境——地板、地毯、草地、室内和室外。Gary可以适应不同的环境，因为它内置了三种不同的红外和深度摄像头。)”可知，该段主要讲述Gary能做的任务，即其能力。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“There are currently nine robots that are being used in medical settings and in hotels where there are presently labor shortages. Gary can do nonmedical work by bringing patients water or extra blankets. But this is just the beginning. The company already has plans to increase the number of robots to 500 by the end of 2024. After that, who knows what other futuristic Jetsonian fantasy will become a reality next? (目前有9个机器人被用于医疗机构和酒店，这些地方目前劳动力短缺。加里可以通过给病人送水或额外的毯子来做非医疗工作。但这仅仅是个开始。该公司已经计划到2024年底将机器人数量增加到500个。在那之后，谁知道接下来还有什么未来派的《杰森森》幻想会成为现实呢？)”可知，作者对机器人的未来态度是积极的。故选C。 2 （24-25高二上·北京·期中）Removing gender bias Tailors worked out long ago that men and women have different shapes. Yet this message has failed to enter many other areas of design. Car seat belts, for example, which date back to the 1880s, are often still more suitable for men, who tend to sit farther back than women when driving. And today the most forward-looking tech companies on Earth are still placing old-school bias (偏见，成见) into new products. Consider smart phones. Most are too big to fit comfortably into the average woman’s hand, as are many video-game controllers. An obvious part of the explanation for their design problem is that men control most of its companies — male-run firms receive 82% of venture-capital (VC) funding. Male bosses may be unaware of the problems women face. They may not flag up obvious areas of concern, or ask the right questions when doing their research for a new product design. And once an idea gets the preen light, it will then be handled by product-design and, engineering teams, three-quarters of whose members are men. These teams often use data to make decisions, but mixing all users together means they may fail to spot trends based on sex differences. Dependence on historical data, and the lack of data on underrepresented groups, can also create bias in algorithms (算法). Next comes testing. Naturally’, designers test original models on their intended customers, but they may not get feedback from a broad enough group of people. There is also the risk of confirmation bias — designers may listen to what they want to hear, and ignore negative reactions from some groups of users. Tech’s design bias needs fixing for moral, safety and business reasons. The ethical importance is obvious: it is wrong that women have to make do with a “one-size-fits-men” world, as Caroline Criado Perez, a writer, puts it. As for safety, regulators can tackle that by banning things that are dangerous to women — including seat belts — because they are not designed properly. But there is also a powerful business case for avoiding design bias, because huge opportunities are being missed. Women are 50% of the population, and make 70 — 80% of the world’s consumer-spending decisions. Change is coming. The first voice-recognition systems struggled to understand female voices, but most now manage just fine. “Femtech” start-up companies, which focus on women’s health and well-being, may raise MYM 1 billion by the end of this year. VC funds and tech firms are hiring more women. Ensuring that products are designed for everyone would lead to happier and safer customers. For the companies that get it right, that means higher profits. What is holding them back? 1．Why are car seat belts often designed with a bias towards men? A．Because men tend to sit farther back in cars compared to women. B．Because car seat belts have not undergone significant changes since their invention. C．Because tech companies are incorporating biases into their new car seat belt designs. D．Because tailors have a deeper understanding of body shapes than car seat belt designers. 2．What is discussed in Paragraphs 2 and 3? A．Why tech’s design bias needs to be fixed. B．How gender bias is affecting tech companies. C．Where gender bias in product design is rooted. D． Who is to blame for gender bias in tech companies. 3．We can learn from the passage that . A．tech companies are unwilling to change B．design bias may result in missed opportunities C．male workers benefit more in engineering teams D．tech companies are poor at making user-friendly products 4．How does the author feel about the future of bias-free product design? A．Uncertain. B．Sceptical. C．Negative. D．Positive. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了科技产品设计中存在的性别偏见问题及改变趋势。 1．细节理解题。由文章第一段中“Car seat belts, for example, which date back to the 1880s, are often still more suitable for men, who tend to sit farther back than women when driving. (例如，汽车安全带可以追溯到19世纪80年代，现在仍然更适合男性，因为男性在开车时往往比女性坐得更靠后。)”可知，汽车安全带通常是为男性设计的偏见是因为男性在车里坐得比女性更靠后。故选A。 2．主旨大意题。由文章第二段中“An obvious part of the explanation for their design problem is that men control most of its companies — male-run firms receive 82% of venture-capital (VC) funding. (其设计问题的一个明显原因是，男性控制了大部分公司——男性经营的公司获得了82%的风险投资资金。)”以及第三段中“Next comes testing. Naturally’, designers test original models on their intended customers, but they may not get feedback from a broad enough group of people. (接下来是测试。当然，设计师会在目标客户身上测试原始模型，但他们可能无法从足够广泛的人群中获得反馈。)”可知，第二、三段主要讨论了产品设计中的性别偏见根源。故选C。 3．细节理解题。由文章第五段“But there is also a powerful business case for avoiding design bias, because huge opportunities are being missed. Women are 50% of the population, and make 70 — 80% of the world’s consumer-spending decisions. (但避免设计偏见也有一个强有力的商业理由，因为巨大的机会正在被错过。女性占人口的50%，她们做出了世界上70-80%的消费支出决定。)”可知，设计偏见可能导致错失良机。故选B。 4．推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Change is coming. The first voice-recognition systems struggled to understand female voices, but most now manage just fine. “Femtech” start-up companies, which focus on women’s health and well-being, may raise MYM 1 billion by the end of this year. VC funds and tech firms are hiring more women. (变革正在到来。第一批语音识别系统在理解女性声音方面遇到了困难，但现在大多数都能很好地识别了。“女性科技”初创公司专注于女性健康和福祉，可能在今年年底前筹集到10亿MYM。风险投资基金和科技公司正在雇佣更多的女性。)”可知，作者对无偏见产品设计的未来持积极态度。故选D。 3 （24-25高二下·湖南·阶段练习）If humans attempt to establish communities on the moon or other planets, what will they eat? A new experiment has begun to determine if meat cells can grow in space. Even on Earth, growing meat from cells is challenging. Cow cells(though any animal’s meat could be used) are fed essential nutrients like amino acids and carbohydrates. These cells multiply until muscle tissue forms, eventually creating consumable meat through a process called “cultivation(培养)”. This method involves growing meat in tanks that resemble brewery setups more than traditional farms, bypassing the life-cycle of animals raised for meat— birth, life and kill. “Animal cells grow slowly,” explains David Humbird, a chemical engineer. “If bacteria were to get into the cultivation, it would multiply more rapidly than the animal cells, effectively taking over and halting animal cell production. You end up with a culture of bacteria instead, which is useless and must be discarded.” he adds. Humbird further clarifies that cells cultivated on consumable materials primarily consist of sugar, amino acids and water. Consequently, the caloric value of these lab-grown cells will always be lower than the input materials. At the best case one could probably recover 25% of the calories for consumption. This raises the question: “why transport all those calories into space just to waste 75% of them?” Karen Nyberg, a former astronaut, emphasizes the crucial role of food in space missions. “Food like powdered milk and that sort of thing comes as a regular source for astronauts, but space-grown meat is a novelty we lack. Any advancement in this area significantly boosts our morale and eases our pressure.” For extended missions away from Earth, access to fresh produce becomes essential for maintaining crew health. Indeed, if humanity intends to establish a presence on Mars, how to provide astronauts with nutrient-rich food that doesn’t spoil— and tastes good— is a crucial yet complex puzzle that must be addressed. 1．What is a key challenge in cell-based meat production? A．High cost of nutrients. B．Difficulty in keeping tanks. C．Lack of suitable cells. D．Slow cell growth rate. 2．What does David Humbird think of growing meat in space? A．It is resource inefficient. B．It is promising. C．It is cost-effective. D．It is unethical. 3．Why does Karen support growing meat in space? A．It reduces the cost of transporting food from Earth. B．It provides diverse food choices for astronauts. C．It facilitates long-term medical development. D．It tastes much better than powdered milk. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Will Lab-grown Meat Help Feed Astronauts? B．Will Astronauts like Cell-Cultured Meat? C．Food Revolution: From Tube to Table D．The Rise of Bioengineered Food 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了在空间中培养肉类的可能性、挑战以及对宇航员的意义。 1．细节理解题。 根据第二段的句子““Animal cells grow slowly,” explains David Humbird, a chemical engineer. “If bacteria were to get into the cultivation, it would multiply more rapidly than the animal cells, effectively taking over and halting animal cell production. You end up with a culture of bacteria instead, which is useless and must be discarded.” he adds.(“动物细胞生长缓慢，”化学工程师大卫·汉伯德解释说。“如果细菌进入培养皿，它会比动物细胞繁殖得更快，有效地接管并停止动物细胞的生产。你最终得到的是细菌培养物，这是无用的，必须被丢弃。他补充道)”可知，细胞生长缓慢是细胞培养肉生产的一个关键挑战。故选 D 项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的句子“Humbird further clarifies that cells cultivated on consumable materials primarily consist of sugar, amino acids and water. Consequently, the caloric value of these lab-grown cells will always be lower than the input materials. At the best case one could probably recover 25% of the calories for consumption. This raises the question: “why transport all those calories into space just to waste 75% of them?”(Humbird进一步阐明，在可消耗材料上培养的细胞主要由糖、氨基酸和水组成。因此，这些实验室培养的细胞的热值总是低于输入材料。在最好的情况下，可能可以恢复25%的卡路里消耗。这就提出了一个问题：“为什么把所有这些卡路里都送到太空，却浪费了其中的75%呢？”)”可知，David Humbird认为在太空中培养肉会浪费75%的卡路里，因此这是资源低效的。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。 根据第三段的句子“Food like powdered milk and that sort of thing comes as a regular source for astronauts, but space-grown meat is a novelty we lack. Any advancement in this area significantly boosts our morale and eases our pressure.(像奶粉这样的食物是宇航员的常规食物来源，但太空种植的肉类是我们所缺乏的。这方面的任何进展都能极大地鼓舞我们的士气，减轻我们的压力。)” 可知，Karen支持在太空中培养肉，因为它能提供多样化的食物选择，从而提升宇航员的士气和减轻压力。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。 文章主要探讨了在空间中培养肉类的可能性、挑战以及对宇航员的意义。根据第一段的句子“If humans attempt to establish communities on the moon or other planets, what will they eat? A new experiment has begun to determine if meat cells can grow in space.(如果人类试图在月球或其他星球上建立社区，他们将吃什么？一项新的实验已经开始确定肉细胞是否可以在太空中生长。)” 和最后一段的句子“Indeed, if humanity intends to establish a presence on Mars, how to provide astronauts with nutrient-rich food that doesn’t spoil— and tastes good— is a crucial yet complex puzzle that must be addressed.(事实上，如果人类打算在火星上定居，如何为宇航员提供营养丰富、不变质、味道鲜美的食物，是一个必须解决的关键而复杂的难题。)” 可知，文章的核心问题是实验室培养的肉类是否能帮助宇航员进食。所以，用A项“Will Lab-grown Meat Help Feed Astronauts?(实验室培育的肉类能养活宇航员吗？)”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故选 A 项。 4 （24-25高二下·河北邯郸·阶段练习）Over the past two decades, social media has evolved from a simple online platform for sharing personal updates to a powerful tool that has revolutionized the way people communicate, connect, and share information globally. From its humble beginnings as a way to keep in touch with friends and family, social media has transformed into a multifaceted digital ecosystem that influences everything from personal relationships to global politics. The early days of social media were marked by platforms like Six Degrees, Friendster, and MySpace, which allowed users to create profiles, upload photos, and connect with others based on shared interests. However, it wasn’t until the launch of Facebook in 2004 that social media truly began to take off. Facebook’s intuitive interface and robust features, such as friend requests, messaging, and photo albums, quickly made it a favorite among internet users. As social media gained popularity, new platforms emerged, each offering unique features and ways to connect. Twitter, for example, introduced the concept of microblogging, allowing users to share short updates and thoughts with their followers in real-time. Instagram, on the other hand, focused on photo and video sharing, transforming the way people capture and document their lives. The rise of social media has had a profound impact on communication. It has made it easier for people to stay connected with loved ones, regardless of distance. It has also provided a platform for individuals and organizations to share their voices, raise awareness about important issues, and mobilize support for social causes. However, the proliferation of social media has also led to concerns about privacy, misinformation, and the potential for online harassment. Despite these challenges, social media continues to evolve and adapt to the needs of its users. As technology advances, we can expect to see new features and platforms that further enhance our ability to communicate and connect with others. The future of social media is uncertain, but one thing is clear: it will continue to play a significant role in shaping the way we interact with the world. 1．Which platform is credited with the true takeoff of social media? A．Six Degrees. B．Friendster. C．MySpace. D．Facebook. 2．What unique feature does Twitter offer? A．Photo and video sharing.B．Microblogging.C．Messaging. D．Friend requests. 3．According to the passage, what are some of the concerns associated with the rise of social media? A．Privacy and misinformation. B．Only privacy. C．Only misinformation. D．Online harassment and microblogging. 4．What can we infer about the future of social media based on the passage? A．It will become less popular over time. B．It will continue to evolve and adapt to user needs. C．It will face significant challenges and decline. D．It will remain unchanged in its current form. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在过去二十年里社交媒体从简单分享个人动态的平台演变为强大工具的发展历程。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“However, it wasn’t until the launch of Facebook in 2004 that social media truly began to take off.(然而，直到2004年Facebook的推出，社交媒体才真正开始蓬勃发展。)”可知，直到2004年Facebook推出，社交媒体才真正开始腾飞，所以使社交媒体真正起飞的平台是Facebook。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Twitter, for example, introduced the concept of microblogging, allowing users to share short updates and thoughts with their followers in real-time.(例如，Twitter引入了微博客的概念，让用户能够实时与关注者分享简短的动态和想法。)”可知，Twitter提供的独特功能是微博客，用户可以实时与关注者分享简短的动态和想法。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“However, the proliferation of social media has also led to concerns about privacy, misinformation, and the potential for online harassment.(然而，社交媒体的迅速普及也引发了人们对隐私、错误信息以及网络骚扰可能性的担忧。)”可知，社交媒体兴起带来的担忧包括隐私、错误信息以及网络骚扰等方面。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Despite these challenges, social media continues to evolve and adapt to the needs of its users. As technology advances, we can expect to see new features and platforms that further enhance our ability to communicate and connect with others.(尽管存在这些挑战，社交媒体仍在不断发展并适应用户的需求。随着技术的进步，我们可以期待看到新的功能和平台出现，进一步增强我们与他人沟通和建立联系的能力。)”可知，尽管社交媒体面临挑战，但它会继续发展并适应用户需求，随着技术进步还会有新功能和平台出现来提升人们沟通和联系的能力，所以可以推断出社交媒体在未来会继续发展并适应用户需求。故选B。 5 （24-25高二下·安徽·阶段练习）The world of work will likely look very different by the time the current generation of kids finishes high school. Experts in careers and education have predicted that advances in technology, especially artificial intelligence, will transform the way humans work in the future. Education futurist and school consultant Tony Ryan said artificial intelligence will transform the future workforce across every industry, making some jobs outdated while creating others. While some jobs could be replaced by robots, others will still need a human touch. Mr. Ryan said jobs requiring “empathy and connection,” such as teaching, social work and nursing, would continue to be needed in the future. “We need to be careful that we don’t be so crazy about the technology that we allow it to take our humanity,” he said. Professor David Cropley from the University of South Australia said advancing technology would shape the careers of today’s kids as AI products continued to advance.“However, I don’t think these will simply replace humans in the world of work, Rather, I see them as a tool to assist human specialists,” Professor Cropley said. “For example, with medical diagnosis (诊断), doctors will consult with their AI assistant to confirm what is visible on an X-ray. The AI provides an input but does not replace the human in making the final decision. This is because something like a medical consultation still begins and ends with a human interaction.” He predicted that some blue-collar jobs, such as shearing (剪) a sheep, would still need a human to perform them. “The automation and AI, as capable as it might be, is still really just a very fancy tool,” Professor Cropley said.“Hammers and saws didn’t displace carpenters (木匠), they just made the job of carpentry easier and more efficient for the human.” Critical and creative thinkers with skills in science, technology, engineering and mathematics would also be in high demand by 2038. he said. 1．What did Tony Ryan predict about the future workforce? A．All jobs will be replaced by AI. B．Some jobs will still need humans. C．AI will only impact certain industries. D．AI will create more jobs than it destroys 2．Based on Professor Cropley’s statement, why do doctors still make the final decision in medical consultations? A．AI is not accurate enough. B．AI cannot understand human emotions. C．Doctors are more qualified than AI assistants. D．Medical consultations require human interaction. 3．Why did Professor Cropley mention hammers and saws in his statement? A．To show the history of tools. B．To predict the future of carpentry jobs. C．To explain AI’s role in assisting workers D．To emphasize the power of automation. 4．Which could be the most suitable title? A．The Future of Work in an AI World B．The Rise of Robots in the Workforce C．How AI Will Replace Human Workers D．The Future of Human Empathy in AI Jobs 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人工智能对未来工作的影响。 1．细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Mr. Ryan said jobs requiring “empathy and connection,” such as teaching, social work and nursing, would continue to be needed in the future. (Ryan先生表示，需要“同理心和沟通”的工作，如教学、社会工作和护理，在未来仍然会被需要。)”可知，Tony Ryan预测有些工作仍然需要人类。故选B。 2．推理判断题。由文章第四段中“The AI provides an input but does not replace the human in making the final decision. This is because something like a medical consultation still begins and ends with a human interaction. (人工智能提供了输入，但并不会取代人类做出最终决定。这是因为像医疗咨询这样的事情，仍然以人与人的互动开始和结束。)”可知，Professor Cropley认为在医疗咨询中，医生仍然做最终决定的原因是医疗咨询仍然以人与人的互动开始和结束。即医疗咨询需要人与人的交流。故选D。 3．推理判断题。由文章第五段“He predicted that some blue-collar jobs, such as shearing (剪) a sheep, would still need a human to perform them. “The automation and AI, as capable as it might be, is still really just a very fancy tool,” Professor Cropley said.“Hammers and saws didn’t displace carpenters (木匠), they just made the job of carpentry easier and more efficient for the human.” (Cropley教授说：“自动化技术和人工智能，尽管可能功能强大，但实际上仍然只是一种非常高级的工具。锤子和锯子并没有取代木匠，它们只是让木匠的工作对于人类来说变得更轻松、更高效了。”)”可知，他以此为例来解释AI在协助工人方面的作用，即AI像锤子和锯子一样，只是使人类的工作更容易、更高效，并不会取代人类。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，尤其是由文章第二段中“Experts in careers and education have predicted that advances in technology, especially artificial intelligence, will transform the way humans work in the future. (职业和教育专家预测，技术的进步，尤其是人工智能的发展，将改变人类未来的工作方式。)”可知，文章主要讲述了随着人工智能的发展，未来工作世界将会发生很大的变化，最适合的标题是“The Future of Work in an AI World (在人工智能世界中的未来工作)”。故选A。 6 （24-25高二下·山西·阶段练习）Glass might soon meet a surprising competitor: bamboo. Scientists in China have transformed regular bamboo into a see-through material that repels fire and water, and reduces smoke, providing an environmentally friendly replacement for traditional glass made from sand. While glass is still widely used in buildings for its clearness, its tendency to break easily, heavy weight and environmental impact have pushed researchers to look for other materials like clear wood — and now bamboo. Clear wood, made by removing a natural substance called lignin and adding plastic-like materials, has been seen as a good renewable option. It is lighter than glass and better at keeping heat out. However, its tendency to catch fire and the slow growth rate of trees make it hard to produce in large amounts. To solve this, researchers at Central South University of Forestry and Technology focused on bamboo, which grows fully in 4 — 7 years and produces four times more material per farm area compared to trees. The team applied the methods developed for making wood see-through to bamboo, which has a similar chemical makeup. Specifically, by removing lignin which makes plants look solid and filling the bamboo fibers with a glass-like liquid called sodium silicate, they changed how light passes through the material, achieving 71.6% clearness. A final water-blocking treatment created three layers: a protective outer coating, a middle layer of silicon dioxide (a common glass ingredient), and a base layer of sodium silicate. The final material showed impressive strength, outshining many common plastics. Importantly, the clear bamboo showed special fire safety features. Unlike wood-based materials, it didn’t catch fire easily, blocked water, and stopped dangerous smoke and gases from spreading — key benefits for building use. When tested as a base for advanced solar cells (a type of energy technology), it helped control light better, increasing energy production by 15.29%. This double role suggests it could be used in smart buildings that use sunlight for lighting while creating clean energy. While making this material in large amounts still needs work, this discovery supports environmental goals. 1．What does the underlined word “repels” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Resists. B．Conducts. C．Absorbs. D．Attracts. 2．How did the researchers make bamboo see-through? A．By adding plastic-like materials and water. B．By removing sodium silicate and adding lignin. C．By adding lignin and filling it with sodium silicate. D．By removing lignin and filling it with sodium silicate. 3．What can be learned about clear bamboo from the text? A．It is not as strong as common plastics. B．It can only be used for building windows. C．It offers potential for both building and energy fields. D．It is less environmentally friendly than traditional glass. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The process of making clear wood. B．The disadvantages of traditional glass. C．A new environmentally friendly material. D．The application of clear bamboo in solar cells. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国科学家将竹子转化为一种透明、防火防水且能减少烟雾的材料，有望替代传统玻璃。 1．词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子“Scientists in China have transformed regular bamboo into a see-through material (中国科学家将普通竹子转化为一种透明材料)” 以及“fire and water, and reduces smoke, providing an environmentally friendly replacement for traditional glass made from sand (火和水，并减少烟雾，为用沙子制成的传统玻璃提供了一种环保替代品)”可知，中国科学家将普通竹子转化为一种透明材料，这种材料是可以防火防水的，并减少烟雾，为传统玻璃提供了环保替代品。推测repels意思应是“抵御；抵抗”，与resists意思相近。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Specifically, by removing lignin which makes plants look solid and filling the bamboo fibers with a glass-like liquid called sodium silicate, they changed how light passes through the material, achieving 71.6% clearness.(具体来说，通过去除使植物看起来坚实的木质素，并用一种叫做硅酸钠的玻璃状液体填充竹子纤维，他们改变了光线穿过材料的方式，实现了 71.6% 的透明度)”可知，研究人员通过去除木质素，并用硅酸钠填充竹子纤维，使竹子透明。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Importantly, the clear bamboo showed special fire safety features. Unlike wood-based materials, it didn’t catch fire easily, blocked water, and stopped dangerous smoke and gases from spreading — key benefits for building use. When tested as a base for advanced solar cells (a type of energy technology), it helped control light better, increasing energy production by 15.29%. This double role suggests it could be used in smart buildings that use sunlight for lighting while creating clean energy.(重要的是，透明竹子显示出特殊的防火安全特性。与木质材料不同，它不易着火，能阻挡水，并阻止危险烟雾和气体的扩散——这是建筑使用的关键优势。当作为先进太阳能电池（一种能源技术）的基底进行测试时，它有助于更好地控制光线，将能源产量提高了 15.29%。这种双重作用表明，它可以用于利用阳光照明，同时产生清洁能源的智能建筑中)”可推知，透明竹子在建筑和能源领域都有潜在的应用价值。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Glass might soon meet a surprising competitor: bamboo. Scientists in China have transformed regular bamboo into a see-through material that repels fire and water, and reduces smoke, providing an environmentally friendly replacement for traditional glass made from sand.(玻璃可能很快会遇到一个令人惊讶的竞争对手：竹子。中国科学家将普通竹子转化为一种透明材料，这种材料能防火防水，并减少烟雾，为用沙子制成的传统玻璃提供了一种环保替代品)”可知，文章主要介绍了中国科学家研发出的一种新型环保材料——透明竹子，它作为传统玻璃的替代品，具有防火、防水、减少烟雾等特性，并且在建筑和能源领域都有潜在的应用价值。故选C。 7 （24-25高二下·重庆·阶段练习） A medical capsule robot is a small, often pill-sized device that can do planned movement inside the body after being swallowed or surgically inserted. Most models use wireless electronics or magnets or a combination of the two to control the movement of the capsule. Such devices have been equipped with cameras to allow observation and diagnosis, with sensors that “feel,” and even with mechanical needles that administer drugs. But in practice, Biomechatronics engineer Pietro Valdastri has found that developing capsule models from scratch (从头开始) is costly, time-consuming and requires advanced skills. “The problem was we had to do them from scratch every time,” said Valdastri in an interview. “And other research groups were redeveloping those same modules from scratch, which didn’t make sense.” Since most of the capsules have the same parts of components: a microprocessor, communication submodules, an energy source, sensors, and actuators (致动器), Valdastri and his team made the modular (模块化) platform in which the pieces work in concert and can be interchanged with ease. They also developed a flexible board on which the component parts are snapped in like Legos. The board can be folded to fit the body of the capsule, down to about 14 mm. Additionally, they compiled (编译) a library of components that designers could choose from, enabling hundreds of different combinations. They arranged it all in a free online system. Designers can take the available designs or adapt them to their specific needs. “Instead of redeveloping all the modules from scratch, people with limited technological experience can use our modules to build their own capsule robots in clinical use and focus on their innovation,” Valdastri said. Now, the team has designed a capsule equipped with a surgical clip to stop internal bleeding. Researchers at Scotland’s Royal Infirmary of Edinburg have also expressed interest in using the system to make a crawling capsule that takes images of the colon (结肠). One research group, led by professors at the Institute of Digestive Disease of the Chinese University of HongKong, is making a swimming capsule equipped with a camera that pushes itself through the stomach. One limitation of Valdastri’s system is that it’s only for designing models. Researchers can confirm their hypotheses (假设) and do first design using the platform, but will need to move to a custom approach to develop their capsules further and make them practical for clinical use. Now, they’re contacting with component factories for ways of making customized capsules. 1．According to the passage, Valdastri and his team created the platform to . A．adopt the latest technologies B．make their robots dream come true C．help build specialized capsule robots D．do preciser observation and diagnosis 2．What does the underlined phrase “work in concert” mean in Para.3? A．Perform live. B．Run independently. C．Act in a cooperative way. D．Carry on step by step. 3．What can be learned from the passage? A．Valdastri’s system can’t provide a complete capsule creation. B．The modular platform is more useful than a custom approach. C．The capsules can move in human’s body automatically. D．It costs more to module the capsules on the board. 4．What in your mind will Valdastri and his team do next? A．They will make more components. B．They will provide approaches to making complete capsule robots. C．They will try to raise money to develop the online system. D．They will add more innovation to their capsule robots. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文属于说明文。文章介绍了胶囊机器人技术的现状、开发过程中遇到的挑战，以及Valdastri团队为解决这些问题所提出的模块化平台方案。文章还探讨了该技术的应用前景和局限性。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Valdastri and his team made the modular (模块化) platform in which the pieces work in concert and can be interchanged with ease.(Valdastri和他的团队制作了一个模块化平台，在这个平台上，各个部件可以协同工作，并且可以轻松地互换)”以及第四段的句子““Instead of redeveloping all the modules from scratch, people with limited technological experience can use our modules to build their own capsule robots in clinical use and focus on their innovation,” Valdastri said.(Valdastri说：“与从头开始重新开发所有模块相比，技术经验有限的人可以使用我们的模块来构建他们自己的胶囊机器人，用于临床应用，并专注于他们的创新。”)”可知，Valdastri和他的团队创建该平台是为了帮助构建专门的胶囊机器人。故选C项。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线短语上文的“Valdastri and his team made the modular (模块化) platform in which the pieces(Valdastri和他的团队制作了一个模块化平台，在这个平台上，各个部件)”和下文的句子“Additionally, they compiled (编译) a library of components that designers could choose from, enabling hundreds of different combinations.(此外，他们还编译了一个可供设计师选择的组件库，实现了数百种不同的组合)”可知，Valdastri和他的团队制作了一个模块化平台肯定是为了让各个部件在这个平台上协同工作，所以，work in concert的意思是“以协作的方式工作”。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“One limitation of Valdastri’s system is that it’s only for designing models. Researchers can confirm their hypotheses (假设) and do first design using the platform, but will need to move to a custom approach to develop their capsules further and make them practical for clinical use.(Valdastri系统的一个限制是它只用于设计模型。研究人员可以确认他们的假设，并使用该平台进行首次设计，但需要采用定制方法进一步开发他们的胶囊，并使其用于临床应用)”可知，Valdastri的系统无法提供完整的胶囊创建。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“Now, they’re contacting with component factories for ways of making customized capsules.(现在，他们正在与零部件工厂联系，寻找制造定制胶囊的方法)”可以推测，Valdastri和他的团队下一步将提供制作完整胶囊机器人的方法。故选B项。 8 （24-25高二下·山东济南·阶段练习）A garden constructed with “humble” clay fashioned into 3D - printed bricks has claimed the first green medal at the Chelsea Flower Show for being the most environmentally sustainable design. The Chelsea Flower Show, a celebrated global event held annually at Chelsea, London, has been a foundation of the gardening calendar since 1913. It began as a way to show the latest trends in gardening and plant varieties. The Environmental Innovation Award is the first of its sort and goes along with the gold, silver and bronze medals awarded to the most attractive and interesting gardens. Giulio Giorgi, a first-time Chelsea designer, stated he created the green-medal-winning garden with no concrete. Most gardens contain concrete in some form and the materials they are built from often generate the highest carbon footprint. While the employment of pollinator - friendly plants, wild areas and sensible use of water are well - known easy ways to make a garden more sustainable, Giorgi said it was crucial to focus on the building materials as their carbon footprint was often overlooked. “We typically use a lot of metal, cement (水泥) and then all the energy we have to put in to build the gardens. The material in our garden is low-temperature-fired clay, a resource that can be found pretty much everywhere. We made this clay into 3D-printed bricks, connecting ancient tradition with novel practices so carbon emissions are the lowest possible, if any. The bricks keep water like a sponge and release it when drought strikes plants,” said Giorgi. Judges considered end-of-life plans for the gardens and whether materials could be reused. The 3D-printed nature of Giorgi's garden means it can easily be taken apart and put together again. As a result, when it is relocated to RHS Garden Wisley, where it will live on after the show as an educational facility, the carbon emissions will be low as no materials will be wasted. 1．What do we know about the Chelsea Flower Show? A．It values sustainability and appeal. B．It aimed to encourage outdoor fitness. C．It prohibits concrete in competing gardens. D．It has a tradition of advocating for greenness. 2．What advantage does clay have over other building materials according to Giorgi? A．It catches fire less easily. B．It's more durable and absorbent. C．It takes less labor to produce. D．It's eco - friendly and more available. 3．What will become of Giorgi's garden after the show? A．It'll be sold publicly. B．It'll serve as an urban landmark. C．It'll be turned into a school. D．It'll come into play in another spot. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Clay Bricks: Recyclable Building Material B．Chelsea Flower Show: Celebration of Gardening C．Garden with Clay Bricks: Winner of Green Medal D．Giulio Giorgi: Designer Enthusiastic about High - Tech 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在切尔西花展上，一座由“不起眼”的黏土制成的3D打印砖块建造的花园因其最具环境可持续性的设计获得了首个绿色奖章，还介绍了该花园的设计理念以及优势等。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A garden constructed with “humble” clay fashioned into 3D - printed bricks has claimed the first green medal at the Chelsea Flower Show for being the most environmentally sustainable design.(一座由“不起眼”的黏土制成的3D打印砖块建造的花园因其最具环境可持续性的设计在切尔西花展上获得了首个绿色奖章)” 以及第二段“The Environmental Innovation Award is the first of its sort and goes along with the gold, silver and bronze medals awarded to the most attractive and interesting gardens.(环境创新奖是此类奖项中的第一个，与颁发给最具吸引力和趣味性花园的金、银、铜牌一同颁发)”可知，切尔西花展既重视可持续性，又重视花园的吸引力。A 选项“It values sustainability and appeal.(它重视可持续性和吸引力。)”符合文意，故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The material in our garden is low - temperature - fired clay, a resource that can be found pretty much everywhere. We made this clay into 3D - printed bricks, connecting ancient tradition with novel practices so carbon emissions are the lowest possible, if any.(我们花园里的材料是低温烧制的粘土，这种资源几乎随处可见。我们将这种粘土制成3D打印砖，将古老的传统与新颖的做法相结合，从而尽可能降低碳排放，如果有的话)”可知，与其他建筑材料相比，粘土更环保且更容易获取。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“As a result, when it is relocated to RHS Garden Wisley, where it will live on after the show as an educational facility, the carbon emissions will be low as no materials will be wasted.(因此，当它被搬迁到英国皇家园艺学会威斯利花园（RHS Garden Wisley），在展览结束后作为一个教育设施继续存在时，碳排放将很低，因为不会浪费任何材料)”可知，展览结束后，Giorgi的花园将被搬迁到另一个地方继续发挥作用。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。文章第一段“A garden constructed with "humble" clay fashioned into 3D - printed bricks has claimed the first green medal at the Chelsea Flower Show for being the most environmentally sustainable design.(一个由“普通”粘土制成3D打印砖建造的花园，因其是最环保的设计而在切尔西花展上获得了第一枚绿色奖章。)”、第二段“The Environmental Innovation Award is the first of its sort and goes along with the gold, silver and bronze medals awarded to the most attractive and interesting gardens.(环境创新奖是此类奖项中的第一个，与颁发给最具吸引力和趣味性花园的金、银、铜牌一同颁发)”、第五段“The material in our garden is low - temperature - fired clay, a resource that can be found pretty much everywhere. We made this clay into 3D - printed bricks, connecting ancient tradition with novel practices so carbon emissions are the lowest possible, if any.(我们花园里的材料是低温烧制的粘土，这种资源几乎随处可见。我们将这种粘土制成3D打印砖，将古老的传统与新颖的做法相结合，从而尽可能降低碳排放，如果有的话)”以及最后一段“As a result, when it is relocated to RHS Garden Wisley, where it will live on after the show as an educational facility, the carbon emissions will be low as no materials will be wasted.(因此，当它被搬迁到英国皇家园艺学会威斯利花园（RHS Garden Wisley），在展览结束后作为一个教育设施继续存在时，碳排放将很低，因为不会浪费任何材料)”可知，文章介绍了用粘土砖建造的花园获得了切尔西花展的绿色奖章，随后的段落围绕这个花园展开介绍，包括其建造材料粘土的优势、花园的可持续性以及展览结束后的去向等。所以C项“Garden with Clay Bricks: Winner of Green Medal(用粘土砖建造的花园：绿色奖章获得者)”最适合作为文章标题。故选C项。 9 （24-25高二下·河北张家口·阶段练习）AI (artificial intelligence) is a new field of computer science. It allows machines to learn from experience, make decisions and solve problems like humans. Today you can find a lot of AI examples in our everyday life. You use AI facial recognition to unlock your phone. Self-driving cars use it to drive. Shopping apps use it to provide you with information according to your interest. Perhaps the best example is the smart assistant on your phone, which can support you when you make voice calls, add events to the calendar, and send messages. All in all, AI is everywhere. In recent years, China has a rapid development in AI. To prepare students well for the future, Zhejiang Province plans to make students in primary and middle schools learn AI. Last year, Zhejiang Province started “AI + education” pilot project in schools. Wenzhou is one of the cities that have carried out the project. The city plans to have nearly 760 schools for AI education by the end of this year, hoping to bring AI to every classroom. It’s easy to open the AI course among primary and middle schools, because information technology is already a subject tested in Gaokao in Zhejiang. The new AI course is expected to build a strong AI talent pool for universities and colleges in the future. However, AI-based education is still faced with a lot of challenges. One of the biggest challenges is that there are not enough top teachers. 1．What can AI help machines do? A．Find a lot of examples B．Copy and act like humans. C．Do everything for humans. D．Experience different kinds of life. 2．Which of the following is NOT an example of AI? A．Taking a ride in a self-driving car. B．Sharing your interest with friend. C．Unlocking your phone with your face ID． D．Sending messages with the smart assistant. 3．What does the third paragraph mainly talk about? A．The AI education in Wenzhou. B．The importance of the AI course. C．The AI cities in Zhejiang Province. D．The AI course and other subjects. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．It’s going to be hard to pass AI tests. B．The AI course will be a subject in Gaokao. C．There will be a great need for top teachers. D．The AI course will be popular all over the world. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了AI技术的流行，浙江很多学校已经开设了AI课程，但却面临着缺少AI课程的优秀教师的挑战。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“AI (artificial intelligence) is a new field of computer science. It allows machines to learn from experience, make decisions and solve problems like humans.(AI人工智能是计算机科学的一个新的领域。它能允许机器人像人类一样从经验中学习、做决定以及解决问题。)”可知，AI可以让机器人向人类一样学习、做决定和解决问题。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Today you can find a lot of AI examples in our everyday life. You use AI facial recognition to unlock your phone. Self-driving cars use it to drive. Shopping apps use it to provide you with information according to your interest. Perhaps the best example is the smart assistant on your phone, which can support you when you make voice calls, add events to the calendar, and send messages. (如今，你能在日常生活中找到很多AI的例子。你可以用AI人脸识别来解锁。无人驾驶车用它来驾驶。购物软件根据你的兴趣，用它来为你提供信息。也许，最好的例子就是你手机上的智能助手，它能在你打电话的时候帮助你，在日历中添加事件以及帮你发短信。)”可知，AI在日常生活中有很多应用，如识别人脸，无人驾驶等等，但文章未提及AI能够与朋友分享你的兴趣。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Last year, Zhejiang Province started “AI + education” pilot project in schools. Wenzhou is one of the cities that have carried out the project. The city plans to have nearly 760 schools for AI education by the end of this year, hoping to bring AI to every classroom.(去年，浙江省在学校启动了“AI+教育”的试点项目。温州是已经实施这一项目的城市之一。温州计划到今年末，有将近760个学校使用AI教育，希望将AI带到每个教室里去。)”可知，这一段主要介绍了温州市AI教育的情况，故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“However, AI-based education is still faced with a lot of challenges. One of the biggest challenges is that there are not enough top teachers.(然而，AI基础教育仍然面临着很多挑战。其中最大的挑战之一就是没有足够多的优秀教师。)”可推知，AI教育面临的最大挑战就是缺少优秀教师，故今后对优秀教师的需求很大，故选C。 10 （24-25高二下·重庆万州·阶段练习）Robots have learned to drive on Mars, carry out brain operation and defeat master chess players. But when it comes to baking, making tasty desserts is far from a piece of cake. After many failed attempts, US researchers have successfully 3D printed a cherry cheesecake, although the outcome is unlikely to trouble the world’s dessert masters. In the latest experiment, researchers tried various cheesecake designs. In early attempts, which involved simply adding ingredients one by one, the team found that the cake quickly turned into a mixture. Through trial and error, they discovered that a more architectural solution was needed. Walls of biscuit base were required throughout the cake to hold the softer ingredients, while triangular (三角的) biscuit supports on the inside were necessary to keep the cake from falling apart. “To print the cake successfully, we need to put the ingredients together in a careful way,” said the team leader Cooper. Although much work is still needed to collect data and improve the designs, scientists are hopeful that once mastered, 3D printing could replace traditional cooking, allowing food to be adapted to different nutritional(营养)needs. “We have a huge problem with the low nutrition of processed foods,” said Cooper. “3D food printing will still produce processed foods, but perhaps the silver lining will be, for some people, a better control of nutrition based on personalized needs.” The team said 3D printing could also allow chefs to create entirely new food experiences, with flavours and textures (质地) placed very precisely. “It is particularly practical for the plant-based meat market, where texture and flavour need to be carefully designed to taste like real meats,” said Cooper. And, with more concern about food safety, food prepared with less human handling could lower the risk of food-related illness and the spread of disease. According to Cooper, this seems like a win-win solution for all of us. 1．Why was it difficult for researchers to 3D print a cherry cheesecake at first? A．They lacked advanced 3D printing technology. B．The ingredients were too complex to handle. C．There were no proper architectural designs. D．They added ingredients in a disorderly way. 2．What is the last paragraph mainly about concerning 3D printed food? A．Promising markets. B．Technical challenges. C．Practical concerns. D．Additional benefits. 3．What can be inferred from the passage about 3D food printing? A．It may bring new opportunities for the plant - based meat market. B．It can help solve the problem of low - nutrition processed foods completely. C．It has already replaced traditional cooking in many places. D．It will definitely lower the risk of food - related illness. 4．What is the author's main purpose in writing this article? A．To describe the process of creating a 3D-printed cheesecake B．To argue that 3D food printing will revolutionize the restaurant industry C．To discuss both the achievements and future possibilities of 3D food printing D．To warn about the risks associated with processed foods produced by 3D printers 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了美国研究人员成功地用3D打印技术制作了樱桃芝士蛋糕。 1．细节理解题。文章第二段提到 “In early attempts, which involved simply adding ingredients one by one, the team found that the cake quickly turned into a mixture. Through trial and error, they discovered that a more architectural solution was needed. (在早期的尝试中，团队发现蛋糕很快就变成了一种混合物，只是简单地一种一种地添加原料。通过反复尝试，他们发现需要一个更加架构化的解决方案。)”可知，一开始难以 3D 打印樱桃芝士蛋糕是因为没有合适的结构设计，故选 C。 2．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“And, with more concern about food safety, food prepared with less human handling could lower the risk of food-related illness and the spread of disease. According to Cooper, this seems like a win-win solution for all of us. (此外，由于人们对食物安全的关注日益增加，以较少人手处理的食物可以降低与食物有关的疾病和疾病传播的风险。据库珀所说，这对我们来说是个双赢的解决方案。)”可知，最后一段主要介绍了关于3D打印食品的附加好处，故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段““It is particularly practical for the plant-based meat market, where texture and flavour need to be carefully designed to taste like real meats,” said Cooper. (库珀说：“对于以植物为基础的肉类市场来说，这尤其实用，因为需要精心设计质地和味道，使其尝起来像真正的肉类。”)”可知，3D 打印对植物基人造肉市场实用，可能带来新机会。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段的“After many failed attempts, US researchers have successfully 3D printed a cherry cheesecake, although the outcome is unlikely to trouble the world’s dessert masters. (在多次尝试失败后，美国研究人员终于成功地3D打印出了一个樱桃芝士蛋糕，不过这个结果不太可能让世界上的甜点大师们感到困扰。)”并通读全文可知，作者既介绍了当前3D打印蛋糕的技术突破，又列举了营养定制、新口感设计、食品安全等未来可能性，因此推断文章的写作目的是讨论3D食品打印的成就和未来的可能性。故选C。 22 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$