Unit 10 Section Ⅲ Grammar(课件PPT)-【精讲精练】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Grammar 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 语法精讲 技能培养 01 课时作业 知能达标 03 随堂演练 巩固提升 02 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 01 语法精讲 技能培养 栏目导航 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 02 随堂演练 巩固提升 栏目导航 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 03 课时作业 知能达标 点击进入Word 栏目导航 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 谢谢观看 栏目导航 UNIT 10　CONNECTIONS 1 项目一 过去时的被动语态 一、基本概念 语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语动词之间的具体关系，分为主动语态和被动语态两种。主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be动词的变化表现出来的。过去时的被动语态主要包括一般过去时的被动语态、过去进行时的被动语态和过去完成时的被动语态等。 二、语法规则 (一)一般过去时的被动语态 1．基本结构 肯定句：主语＋was/were＋v.­ed(＋by＋动作执行者) 否定句：主语＋was/were＋not＋v.­ed(＋by＋动作执行者) 一般疑问句：Was/Were＋主语＋v.­ed(＋by＋动作执行者)？(肯定回答：Yes，...was/were.；否定回答：No，...wasn't/weren't.) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋was/were＋主语＋done(＋by＋动作执行者)? 2．用法 (1)一般过去时的被动语态表示过去某一时间的被动动作或过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作，无需说明动作。 (2)was，were的使用由主语的单复数形式而定，主语为第三人称单数名词、代词或I时用was，主语为复数名词、代词they或you时用were。 [即学活用1]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Every Christmas，an envelope with a North Pole stamp arrived，which　was addressed　(address) to Tolkien's children. ②I　was inspired　(inspire) while watching a television programme showing how sleds might have helped with pyramid construction. ③As he asked two days' leave last month，his salary　was reduced　(reduce) by 20%. ④He　was awarded　the Nobel Prize for achievements in physiology. 他因生理学方面的建树而被授予诺贝尔奖． ⑤Looking at the vivid sculptures，we felt　the history was brought to life　. 看着这些栩栩如生的雕塑作品，我们感觉历史“复活”了。 (二)过去进行时的被动语态 1．基本结构 肯定式：主语＋was/were＋being＋done(＋by＋动作执行者) 否定式：主语＋was/were＋not＋being＋done(＋by＋动作执行者) 一般疑问句：Was/Were＋主语＋being＋done(＋by＋动作执行者)？(肯定回答：Yes，...was / were being...；否定回答：No，...wasn't/weren't being...) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋was/were＋主语＋being＋done(＋by＋动作执行者)? 2．用法 (1)表示过去某个时刻正在进行或者发生的被动性的动作。 (2)过去进行时态的被动语态一般不与表示一段时间的状语或表示次数的状语连用，这时需要用完成时态的被动语态。 (3)少数及物动词的进行时表示按计划、安排将要承受某个动作。 [即学活用2]　单句语法填空/句型转换 ①There was an accident while the bridge　was being built　(build). ②The baseball match　was being discussed　(discuss) by those fans at 5：00 yesterday evening. ③Last month，Tom and his wife still had to stay with his parents，because their new apartment　was being decorated　(decorate). ④I was practicing my oral English at 8：00 yesterday evening. →My oral English　was being practiced　at 8：00 yesterday evening. ⑤The teacher told me the students were carrying out the experiment at that moment. →The teacher told me the experiment　was being carried out　at that moment. (三)过去完成时的被动语态 1．基本结构 肯定式：主语＋had ＋ been ＋ done(＋by＋动作执行者) 否定式：主语＋had ＋ not ＋ been ＋ done(＋by＋动作执行者)? 一般疑问句：Had＋主语＋been＋done(＋by＋动作执行者)(肯定回答：Yes，...had...，否定回答：No，...hadn't...) 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋had＋主语＋been ＋ done(＋by＋动作执行者)? 2．用法 (1)表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作，常与by，before等引导的时间状语连用。 (2)在told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动作时，用过去完成时。 (3)根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态，用过去完成时。 当从句由after，before，when或as soon as引导时，主句和从句都可以用一般过去时。 [即学活用3]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She　had been told　(tell) about the risk of electric shocks and this made her very careful while using hairdryers. ②It was not the first time that he　had been investigated　(investigate) by the police for cheating. ③Several months later，most of the buildings which　had been damaged　(damage) in the earthquake were repaired. ④The professor was delighted to find that two thirds of the project　 had (already) been finished by the students independently　. 教授高兴地发现学生们已独立完成了该项目三分之二的工作。 ⑤It was the middle of the night when they informed that　I had been admitted to my dream university　. 半夜，他们通知我，我已被理想的大学录取了。 项目二 程度副词 一、基本概念 程度副词是对一个形容词或者副词在程度上加以限定或修饰的副词。程度副词用于表示程度，常见的有fairly，pretty，rather，quite，very，much，too，greatly，almost，nearly，half，highly，awfully，deeply，partly，perfectly，really，terribly等。 二、语法规则 1．程度副词的用法 (1)程度副词主要用于修饰形容词，有的还可修饰比较级(如much，rather等)和最高级(如quite，much，almost等)。 This is quite the most expensive radio here. 这是这里最贵的收音机。 quite有时也修饰比较级，但只用于quite better(身体康复)这一表达。 (2)有的程度副词(如quite，rather，almost等)可修饰动词，但有的(如fairly，pretty，very等)则不能修饰动词。 I quite agree with you. 我完全同意你的意见。 We rather like the film. 我们很喜欢这部电影。 (3)个别的程度副词(主要是quite和rather)还可修饰名词。 It's quite/rather a good idea. 这真是个好主意。 It was quite/rather a success. 那事相当成功。 [即学活用4]　单句语法填空 ①We are trying to raise public awareness of environmental protection，　particularly　(particular) air pollution. ②Many　highly　(high) successful people never attended Harvard or Yale. ③If you take a big bite，the fruit tastes　slightly　(slight) bitter. ④At the end of a day's teaching，she was　absolutely　(absolute) tired. ⑤The announcement was　entirely　(entire) unexpected. ⑥She is not an outgoing person and she doesn't let anyone know what she　truly　(true) feels. ⑦He was　severely　(severe) punished for his dishonest behavior in the election. ⑧She speaks English so　fluently　(fluent) that she can communicate with the native speakers freely. ⑨It is　extremely　(extreme) beautiful and you can experience the indigenous Australia there more than anywhere else. ⑩When it was my turn to express my opinion，I was　too　nervous to say a word. 2．程度副词的位置 (1)修饰形容词或副词时，通常放在前面。 His pronunciation is very/quite/rather/pretty/fairly good. 他的发音很好。 (2)当程度副词修饰动词时，如果是行为动词，一般放在谓语动词之前；句中有be动词或助动词时，则放在其后。 I can hardly agree with you. 我不同意你的意见。 I was terribly sorry. 非常抱歉。 enough通常放在所修饰词的后面。 We didn't leave early enough. 我们离开得不够早。 [即学活用5]　完成句子 ①Most smokers　are perfectly aware of　the dangers to their own health，so they try hard to quit it. 很多吸烟者都意识到吸烟对他们健康的危害，所以他们努力戒烟。 ②This problem　is closely connected with　that one. 这个问题与那个问题紧密相关。 ③　Very few cars drove on　this road because it was so far from the city. 非常少的车辆驶过这条道路，因为它离城市是如此的远。 ④It was raining　quite a bit　when I got to my office. 当我到达办公室时雨下得相当的大。 ⑤After the earthquake，he　was fortunate enough　to return to normal. 地震后，他很幸运地回归到了正常的生活。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．When I got to his house，I found that the walls　were being painted　(paint). 2．A window in our classroom was broken when it　was being washed　(wash). 3．The manager found that his office　had been broken　(break) into the day before. 4．The young scholar died though great efforts　had been made　(make) to save his life. 5．The shop assistant was dismissed as she　was accused　(accuse) of cheating customers. 6．The moment she　was declared　(declare) the winner of the English speech competition，she jumped with joy. 7．Before they　were released　(release)，the sea lions were fitted with electronic tracking devices. 8．When studying in the classroom last night，I always had the feeling that I　was being monitored　(monitor). 9．He felt that his talents　were being wasted　(waste) as a basketball player and was eager for a change. 10．I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan　had been carried　(carry) out in the past two years. Ⅱ.选词填空 1．She is　much　(very/much)pleased by his words. 2．She is　much　(very/much) younger than her husband. 3．She was　well　(well/much) past thirty at that time. 4．I had　quite　(quite/much) a time at your party that evening. 5．She looks　quite　(very/quite)older than before. 6．The distinguished guests were　highly　(quite/highly) praised. 7．The police were watching him　closely　(closely/terribly). 8．It's　quite　(much/quite) convenient to travel by high­speed train. Ⅲ.语法与语篇(根据汉语提示补全短文) My friend John suggested going out to have a picnic at the weekend.It was 1.　quite a good idea　(非常好的主意)，so I was 2.　very glad　(非常高兴) to go with him.However，it rained all the time at the weekend，we both 3.　felt terribly bad　(感觉非常糟糕).My sister said that we could go to see the film Zootopia which 4.　was highly praised　(被高度赞扬).I 5.　quite agree with her　(完全同意她的主意).Both John and I 6.　felt quite better　(感觉好多了) then. $$