UNIT 12 Section Ⅲ Grammar——形容词-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（北师大版2024）

UNIT 12 INNOVATION SectionⅢ Grammar 形容词 答案精解P 探究发现 分类 特点 例词 说明人或事物的特定类 观察下列教材原句并思考黑体部分的功能 financial财政的 类别 别，没有比较级和最高级， DI made a very interesting speech last week. cultural文化的： 形容词 般不用程度副词ey. mental脑力的 2He finally arrived at the top of the mountain, quite,extremely等修饰 tired but delighted. 颜色 white白色的： 表示事物的颜色 Each room has books,toys,and games that 形容词 green绿色的 are suitable to that particular age group. 强调 用于对所叙述的事物进 true真的： OThe Yangtze River is longer than any other 形容词 行强调 complete完全的 river in China. 些表示情感、态度的 5Nervous suspects were locked up in Britain's 分词 动词如excite,surprise exciting令人兴奋的： newest police station. 形容词 等，其现在分词和过去 worried担忧的 6I've never heard a better one before. 分词可形容词化 [语法感知] 合成 由儿个词共同构成并起 two-year-old两岁的： 1.句①中形容词在句中作 ,句②中 形容词 形容词作用的词 middle-aged中年的 作 [即时训练1]一单句语法填空 2.句①是由 转化的形容词，句③是由 (1)It was a very (frighten)experience 转化的形容词。 and they were very courageous. 3.句④~⑥中使用了形容词的比较级和最高级， (2)The school uses a combination of modern and 其中句⑥中“否定词十比较级”表示 (tradition)methods for teaching 要义详析 reading. >> (3)The teacher wants the children to feel 一、概念 (confidence)about asking questions 表示人或事物的属性、特征或状态的词叫形 when they don't understand. 容词(adjective)。形容词主要用来描述或修饰名 (4)The newly issued regulations are 词或代词，它的主要用法就是为被修饰词提供更 (benefit)to people with lower incomes. 多的信息。 (5)People are confuse)about all 二、形容词的分类 the different labels on food these days. 分类 特点 例词 三、形容词的构成 表示人或事物的性质， 1.词尾加后缀构成的形容词 多数有比较级和最高 lovely可爱的： 性质 后缀 例词 级，可以用very,quite: healthy健康的： 形容词 able comfortable舒适的：cceptable可接受的 rather.too, extremely interesting有趣的 等副词修饰 ible accessible易接近的：terrible槽糕的，可怕的 65 英语选择性必修第四册课堂学案(BS) (续表) 构成方式 例词 后缀 例词 数词十名词十形 three-year-old三岁的： 容词 five-metre-long五米长的 al natural自然的：national国家的：cultural文化的 high-class高级的： -ial beneficial有益的；financial财政的：rail种族的 形容词+名词 final-term期末的 -ish childish孩子气的：foolish愚#的：sfsh自私的 形容词/副词十 ugly-looking相貌丑陋的： -ive active积极的：impressive印象深刻的 现在分词 hard-working勤奋的 形容词/副词十 ready-made现成的： -ant ignorant无知的：resistant抵抗的 过去分词 newly-built新建的 -en golden金色的：wooden木制的：woolen羊毛的 形容词/副词十 dark-blue深蓝的： -ent dependent依赖的：excellent优秀的 形容词 light-green浅绿的 ary imaginary想象的：elementary基本的 形容词+身体部 wam-hearted热心肠的 位的名词+ed white-haired白发的 -ful beautiful漂亮的：wonderful精彩的 time-saving节约时间的： -less selfless大公无私的：helpless无助的 名词十现在分词 English-speaking讲英语的 -ly friendly友好的：yearly每年的：lovely可爱的 man-made人造的： 名词十过去分词 courageous勇敢的：adventurous爱冒阶的 hand-made手工制作的 -01s world-wide世界范围的： ious ambitious有抱负的：cautious谨慎的 名词+形容词 ice-cold冰冷的 some troublesome爱惹麻须的：tiresome令人厌倦的 second-hand二手的： 名词+名词 uny滑稽的：cloudy多云的：suny阳光充足的 part-time业余的 [即时训练2]一单句语法填空 [ace-to-face面对面的： 其他构成方式 out-of-date过时的 (1)The company makes wearable,well-cut clothes at (afford)prices. 名师点津 (2)Teachers should aim to build a 在“数词十名词”及“数词十名词十形容 (create)environment for students to learn. 词”构成的合成形容词中，名词要用单数形式。 (3) (culture)exchanges are a way [即时训练3]一补全句子 of building bridges between countries. (1)工人们在河上建起了一座800米长的桥。 (4)The man who is (ambition)to The workers have built succeed in life works hard every day. bridge over the river. (5)A (care)driver is a danger to (2)同冷血的人很难相处。 the public. It is hard to get on with 2.合成形容词 person. 构成方式 例词 (3)那位白头发的女士和坐在她旁边的英俊的男 two-hour两小时的： 数词十名词 士都是著名的作家。 one-child独生子女的 The lady and the ·66 UNIT 12 INNOVATION man sitting beside His room was painted orange. her are writers. 他的房间被漆成了橙色。 (4)按传统习惯，剪纸用的是红纸，并且都是手工制作。 The wolf was found dead in the woods. Traditionally,paper cuttings are made of red 那只狼被发现死在森林中。 paper,and they are all 4.作宾语补足语 四、形容词的句法作用 形容词作宾语补足语时，用来说明宾语所处的 形容词在句中作定语、表语、主语补足语、宾 状态或性质、特点。 语补足语、状语和主语或宾语。 We must keep our classroom clean. 1.作定语 我们必须保持教室整洁。 形容词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的名词前 We found the film quite instructive. 面，称为前置定语。 我们发现那部电影很有教育意义。 The company is in a difficult situation. 5.作状语 这家公司正处于困雄的境地。 表示伴随、时间或原因等，位置灵活，可放在句 名师点津 首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子隔开。 形容词作定语 He spent seven days in the wind and snow, (1)当形容词所修饰的词是由some,any, every,no等构成的不定代词时，形容 cold and hungry. 词必须置于所修饰的词之后。 他在风雪中过了7天，又冷又饿。 I have nothing important to do today. Surprised and happy,Tony stood up and 今天我没有重要的事要做。 accepted the prize (2)有少数形容词，如enough和possible, 又惊奇又高兴，托尼站起来，领了奖。 既可置于所修饰的名词之前，也可置于 名师点津 所修饰的名词之后。 形容词和副词作状语的区别 Do you have enough time (time enough) 形容词作状语主要说明主语所处的状 to prepare?你有足够的时间做准备吗？ 态或心理感受：副词作状语主要说明谓语 动词发生的时问、地点、方式、频度或说明 2.作表语 整个句子的情况 同名词一样，形容词也可以用在系动词后面作 表语，解释或说明主语的情况」 Frightened,the boy hid behind his mother. The air in the countryside is very fresh. 因为害怕，那个男孩躲到了母亲的身后。 农村的空气很新鲜。 Most frequently,the groups reported that She remained silent when the teacher asked they "shared arguments and reasoned together". her a question. 最常见的情况是，这些小组报告说，他们“共同 老师问她问题时，她沉默不语。 争论，一起推理”。 3.作主语补足语 Fortunately,he escaped from the burning 形容词作主语补足语时，用来说明主语所处的 building. 状态或性质、特点。 幸运的是，他从燃烧的大楼中逃了出来。 ·67 英语选择性必修第四册课堂学案(BS) 6,作主语或宾语 The movie is worth seeing again. 这种情况有一定的限制，主要是指“定冠词十 这部电影值得再看一遍。 某些形容词”，表示一类人或事物。 3.少数形容词只能作定语，不能作表语。 The young should show respect for the old. 常见形容词有：live,elder,eldest,eastern, 年轻人应该尊重老年人。 former,latter,indoor,outdoor,major,left, The good is what people like. right,nationwide,.golden,wooden,woolen等。 人们总是喜欢美好的东西。 My elder brother is a doctor. [即时训练4幻一单句语法填空 我的哥哥是一名医生。 (1)China has made (amaze)achievements 4.没有比较级和最高级的形容词。 in the past few decades. (1)本身就有比较级含义的词. (2)You'll just have to be 常见形容词有：senior,junior,superior,.inferior, patience) and wait till I'm finished. prior,major,minor等， (3)We should work hard to make our country He is senior to me by 10 years. 他比我大十岁。 stronger and (beauty). (2)表示状态或情况的词。 (4)After a long day's work.I got home. 常见形容词有：afraid,asleep,alive,awake,alone,. (hunger)and (tire). aware,ashamed,alike,dead,deaf,blind等。 (5)The (wealth)should offer a A pilot must be awake to the changes in the helping hand to those in need. weather.飞行员必须警觉天气的变化。 五、应注意的几个问题 (3)表示形状的词。 1,多个形容词作定语时的顺序排列. 常见形容词有：round,square,circular等。 限定词·一般描绘性形容词→表示大小，长 These glasses suit people with round faces. 短、高低的形容词→表示形状的形容词·表示 这款眼镜适合圆脸的人。 年龄、新旧的形容词→表示色彩的形容词→表示 (4)表示性质、材料、国籍的词。 国籍、地区，出处的形容词·表示物质、材料的形 常见形容词有：atomic,economic,.industrial, 容词→表示用途、类别的形容词·名词中心词。 solar,organic,physical,scientific,wooden, >a fine old stone bridge一座古老漂亮的石桥 woolen,golden,American等。 two big round new Chinese wooden tables Most supermarkets sell a range of organic 两张新的中国式的木制大圆桌 products.多数超市都经销一系列有机产品。 【巧学助记】形容词作定语的顺序口诀 (5)表示方位、处所、时间的词。 限定描绘大长高：形状年龄和新老：颜色国籍 常见形容词有：back,front,western,southern, 跟材料；作用类别往后靠。 right,left,middle,outside,daily,weekly, 2.少数形容词只能作表语，不能作定语。 present,future等。 常见形容词有：ill,asleep,awake,alone,.alive, Keep to the right side of the road. well,worth,glad,unable,afraid 靠马路的右边行走。 ·68 UNIT 12 INNOVATION (6)表示独一无二的词。 跟踪检测 常见形容词有：unique,single,.only,universal等。 Everyone's fingerprints are unique. 维度一：基础题型训练 每个人的指纹都是独一无二的。 I.单句语法填空 (7)表示绝对意义的词。 1.The staff is friendly and (help). 常见形容词有：absolute,entire,whole,complete, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive. thorough,total,perfect,excellent,wonderful, 2. (equal)attractive are the tips on favourite,incredible等。 how to learn English,which is of great significance She's the perfect candidate for the job. to my English study. 她是这项工作的最佳人选 3.1 (high)recommend visiting this (8)表示大小、极限、顺序、是非的词。 exhibition. 常见形容词有：maximum, 4.We can use all kinds of resources to make minimum, extreme, learning (interest than traditional first,last,right,wrong,false等。 learning. The heat in the desert is extreme. 5.Though badly frighten).she 沙漠中极其炎热。 remained outwardly composed. (9)表示特殊、比较的词。 10.It is (certain)fun but the lifestyle 常见形容词有：comparative,especial,particular, is a little unreal. relative,.special等。 维度二：语法与写作 The company is a comparative newcomer to Ⅱ.补全句子 the software market.就软件市场来说，这家公 1.温泉的神奇之处在于，温度越低，温泉就越热！ 司相对而言就是新手了。 The amazing thing about the spring is that [即时训练5]—补全句子 (1)他太累了，以至于伏在书桌上睡着了 2.直到20世纪80年代末，它才作为一个旅游概 He was so exhausted that he 念被广泛接受。 at his desk. until (2)能当面见到我最喜欢的作者，我兴奋不已。 the late 1980s. It gave me a big thrill to meet my 3.终于，我们到家了，又累又饿。 in person. At last,we arrived home, (3)我比他小八岁。 4,唱歌使人放松，可以帮助诚轻压力。 him by eight years. which can help (4)整个事情彻底失败了。 reduce stress. The whole thing was 5.去北京的这次旅行真是妙极了。我从来没有 经历过比这更有趣、更令人兴奋的旅行。 (5)我们学校有一个新的红砖砌的餐厅。 The tour to Beijing was fantastic. There is a in our school. ·69 英语选择性必修第四册课堂学案(BS) 维度三：语法与语篇 November.During these months,the weather is Ⅲ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 particularly 4. (please)throughout Mary had lived in China for 1. the country,neither too hot nor too cold." T'm5. (interest)in tasting all (near)twenty years before she came here.I've kinds of food all over the world.She told me planned to visit China next year.So I requested Chinese food is delicious and what is even her to tell me the 2. (good)time to go 6 good)is that restaurants do there.Mary said to me,"The most 3. not ask for or accept tips.Besides,Mary advised (comfort)time to visit China is either between me to learn some 7. base)Chinese March and May or between September and early words and phrases in advance. Section V LESSON 2 LESSON 3 请完成P默写练习（六）、教材原文助读见分册本 课文研读发展思维品质 答案精解P Task 1 框架宏观建构：整体理解 2.What made Stephen Hawking lose his speech? Skim the passage and fill in the blanks. A.His illness. B.An accident. Stephen Hawking C.The operation.D.The medicine he took. Birth:On 8 January,(1) 3.What did Hawking think of himself? Education:Studying in (2) A.Pitiful. B.Unlucky. Illness:Suffering from ALS and becoming C.Lucky. D.Generous. (3) 4.What is the writer's purpose in writing this passage? Achievement: Putting forward the idea of A.To introduce Hawking's life to help people (4) and writing books remember him. Attitude to life:(5) B.To introduce Hawking's famous theory about Death:On 14 March.2018 the universe. Task 2 文本微观剖析：细节探究 C.To tell us the brightest star-Hawking died. D.To describe Hawking's serious physical disease. Choose the best answer. 1.What happened to Stephen Hawking when he Task 3 阅读思维升华：主题实践 was 21? Reread the passage and fill in the blanks. A.He had an operation. Stephen Hawking passed away on 14 March. B.He was diagnosed with ALS. 2018.He is one of the 1. (great) C.He went to the University of Oxford to physicists in history. study physics. He was born in 1942.When he was young, D.He found a job at the Institute of Astronomy in he 2. (study)physics at the University Cambridge. of Oxford.At the age of 21,Hawking got a ·702.(1)By (2)a (3)coincidental SectionⅢ Grammar-一形容词 (4)It's not a coincidence that 探究发现 3.(1)on/by (2)evaluation [语法感知] (3)make an evaluation of/evaluate the team's performance 1.定语：状语2.名词：动词3.最高级 4.(1)with (2)overcome 要义详析 (3)we will overcome any difficulty in our studies [即时训练] 5.(1)to accept (2)to (3)in (4)Our requests declined 1.(1)frightening (2)traditional (3)confident (4)beneficial 6.(1)of (2)of (3)feeling (4)Despite/In spite of (5)confused 7.(1)As we came here for the first time (2)as we know the 2.(1)affordable (2)creative (3)Cultural (4)ambitious past (3)Difficult as the situation was (4)as gracefully as (5)careless her sister (does)(5)With the world's population continuing 3.(1)an 800-meter-long (2)a cold-blooded to grow;As the world's population continues to grow (3)white-haired:good-looking:well-known (4)hand-made Section V Grammar一短语介词 4.(1)amazing (2)patient (3)more beautiful 探究发现 (4)hungry:tired (5)wealthy [语法感知] 5.(1)fell asleep (2)favourite author (3)am junior to ⑤：④：①：②：③ (4)a complete failure (5)new red brick dining hall 跟踪检测 跟踪检测 I,单句语法填空 【.单句语法填空 1.to 2.in 3.of 4.on 5.under 6.to 7.without 1.helpful 2.Equally 3.highly 4.more interesting 8.along 5.frightened 6.certainly Ⅱ，补全句子 Ⅱ.补全句子 1.according to 2.because of 3.In spite of 4.at the age of 1.the colder the temperature gets,the hotter the spring 5.in the distance 2.It was not widely accepted as a travel concept Ⅲ，用适当的介词填空 3.tired and hungry 1.of 2.to 3.For 4.to 5.in 6.of 7.to 4.Singing songs is relaxing Section V WRITING WORKSHOP 5.I had never experienced a more interesting and exciting one Ⅲ.用所给单词的适当形式填空 READING CLUB 1.nearly 2.best 3.comfortable 4.pleasant 5.interested 写作精析提升表达能力 6.better 7.basic 佳作构建 Section N LESSON 2 LESSON 3 第二步：遣词造句，规范得体 1.Thomas Edison was born on 11 February,1847 in Milan,Ohio. 课文研读发展思维品质 2.He received only three months of formal education. Task 1 3.He became one of the greatest inventors and industrial leaders (1)1942 (2)the University of Oxford and the University of in history. Cambridge (3)disabled (4)black holes (5)Positive/Optimistic 4.Edison obtained 1,093 United States patents,the most issued Task 2 to any individual. 1~4 BCCA 5.Edison invented more than 1,000 kinds of things. Task 3 6.He grew up selling newspapers for a living and often saved the 1.greatest 2.studied 3.a 4.that/which 5.ideas money to buy books,newspapers and chemicals. 6.popularity 7.to discover 8.trying 9.himself 10.and 7.He was once hit to be deaf. 语基输入助力语言输出 8.This unexpected blow and difficulty did not shake his determination 1.(1)as (2)of (3)emergence to study science hard. (4)didn't emerge from his bedroom 9.After numerous experiments,he finally gained amazing achievements. 141·