U1 Period Ⅴ Extended reading -【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（译林版）

选择性必修第三册 Unit 1　Wish you were here Period Ⅴ　Extended reading & Other parts 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 课堂检测 素养达标 课时作业 巩固提升 关键能力 互动探究 精读课文 理解语篇 精读课文 理解语篇 Part 1　教材原文助读 An adventure in Africa 30 June，Morocco My parents and I had just driven down the narrow mountain road from Marrakesh，with all its sharp bends, and had finally arrived at① Merzouga.Before us stretched the unending sand dunes② that marked the beginning of the Sahara.A small boy walked past with a group of noisy goats③ as I took a long look at the yellow roadside sign that told us we were entering a “fragile natural environment”．I made a resolution④ to respect and protect this unique landscape while I was here. We set off⑤，our vehicle quietly running over the sand and small stones． It wasn't long before we were surrounded by⑥ enormous sand dunes towering above us on all sides.The wind was blowing grains⑦ of sand from the tops of the dunes, the sun was beating down⑧ hard and bright, and the sky was a deep shade of blue that I had never seen before.The wild beauty of the desert was about to reveal itself. There was not a plant to be seen. The desert appeared completely empty, which was calming and threatening at the same time.The colours of the dunes contrasted⑨ strikingly with the blue of the cloudless sky. 该句为复合句。主句为介词位于句首的完全倒装句，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词dunes。 该句为复合句。as引导时间状语从句，that引导定语从句，we were entering a “fragile natural environment”为宾语从句，省略了引导词that。 该句为简单句。our vehicle quietly running over the sand and small stones为独立主格结构。 该句为复合句。before引导时间状语从句，it wasn't long before...为固定句型，意为“不久就……”；towering above us on all sides为现在分词短语作定语。 该句为复合句。主句为and 连接的并列句，形象地描述了沙漠的环境，that在句中引导定语从句。 该句为复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句。 ①arrive at 到达(相当于reach，get to) arrival n．到达 ②dune /djuːn/n.沙丘 ③goat /ɡəʊt/n.山羊 ④resolution /ˌrezə'luːʃn/n.决心，决定；决议；解决 make a resolution下决心 resolve v．解决，下决心，决定 resolve to do sth.决定做某事 ⑤set off出发；动身；使爆炸；引起 set aside留出；忽视；不顾 set about (doing)着手/开始(做)…… set out (to do)动身；出发；开始(做)…… set down写下；记下 set up建立；安排；搭起 ⑥be surrounded by 被……包围 surrounding adj.周围的 surroundings n．周围环境 ⑦grain /ɡreIn/n.谷物；细粒，颗粒 ⑧beat down (阳光)强烈照射，曝晒 ⑨contrast /kən'trɑːst/vi.形成对比vt.对比，对照 /'kɒntrɑːst/n.差异，差别；对照物 非洲奇遇 6月30日，摩洛哥 我和父母刚从马拉喀什驱车，沿着狭窄的山路，一路急转弯，终于到达了梅尔祖卡。在我们面前的是绵延不绝的沙丘，它们标志着撒哈拉沙漠的起点。我盯着黄色路标时，一个小男孩赶着一群吵闹的山羊走过，根据路标提示，我们正在进入一个“脆弱的自然环境”。我下定决心，在这里的这段时间里，一定要尊 重和保护这片独特的风景。我们出发了，车在沙子和小石子上静静驶过。很快我们就被四周高耸的巨大沙丘包围住。风吹动着沙丘顶上的沙粒，阳光猛烈而耀眼地照射着，天空是我以前从未见过的深蓝色。沙漠的野性之美即将显露。目光所及之处，一棵植物都没有。沙漠似乎空无一物，这既使人平静，又让人害怕。沙丘的颜色与晴空的蓝色形成了鲜明的对比。 Eventually, as the last rays⑩ of sunlight were falling on the sand, we arrived at our desert camp.Stars were already shining brightly in the darkening sky and it was getting cold with the approach of⑪ the night. Three camels⑫， slowly chewing⑬， were resting on their knees and watching our arrival with interest. “So, which one of you lucky animals will be my ride tomorrow？” I said out loud as I grabbed my bag and headed towards the warm campfire. I was starving⑭ and rushed to put a steak on the barbecue⑮. 该句为复合句。as引导时间状语从句。 ⑩ray /reI/n.光线，射线 a ray of light/hope/comfort 一束光/一线希望/一丝安慰 ⑪with the approach of...随着……的到来 approach v．临近，靠近；接近 n．方法，步骤；通路，入口 the approach to...……的通路(入口)；……的方法 approachable adj.友善的，易接近的 ⑫camel /'kæml/n.骆驼 ⑬chew /tʃuː/vi.& vt.咀嚼，嚼碎；咬住 chewing gum 口香糖 ⑭starve /stɑːv/vi.& vt.(使)饿死，(使)挨饿 starve to death 饿死 starving adj.饥饿的，挨饿的 starvation n．饥饿，饿死，挨饿 ⑮barbecue /'bɑːbIkjuː/n.烤架；户外烧烤 当夕阳的余晖洒在沙丘上时，我们终于抵达了沙漠营地。星星已经在黑沉沉的天空中闪闪发光。随着夜幕降临，天也渐渐变冷了。三只骆驼跪着休息，慢吞吞地嚼着东西，饶有兴致地注视着我们的到来。“那么，明天你们哪一个幸运儿会成为我的坐骑呢？”我一边大声说道，一边拿起包朝温暖的篝火走去。我饿极了，急忙把一块牛排放在烤肉架上。 3 July, Kenya A few days after our departure⑯ from the camp, our car was well and truly stuck in⑰ the mud⑱. We were very near to our rest camp in Amboseli National Park located on the border⑲ of Kenya when my father, against my mother's advice, decided to drive through a large pool of water that stretched across the dirt road. Two tall slim local people were standing by the roadside watching us with amusement. They must have realized that we were totally helpless, for after a few moments, they wandered over and pushed us free. My father smiled weakly and we drove on as my mother and I waved from the car window. 该句为复合句。located on the border of Kenya为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰先行词Amboseli National Park；when引导时间状语从句，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词water。 该句为复合句。that引导宾语从句，for引导原因状语从句。 ⑯departure /dI'pɑːtʃə(r)/n.离开，起程 depart v．离开，起程，上路 ⑰be stuck in被困在…… [同义短语]be caught in, be trapped in ⑱mud /mʌd/n.泥，淤泥 muddy adj.沾满泥的，泥泞的 ⑲border /'bɔːdə(r)/n.国界，边界 vi.& vt.(与……)接壤 the border between...and...……和……交界处 on the border 在交界处 cross the border 跨越边界 7月3日，肯尼亚 离开营地几天后，我们的车就完完全全陷在泥里了。父亲先前不听母亲的劝告，决定开车穿过横跨在泥路上的一大摊水，当时我们离位于肯尼亚边境的安博塞利国家公园的休息营地非常近。两个瘦高的当地人站在路边忍俊不禁地看着我们。他们一定意识到了我们完全无能为力，因为过了一会儿，他们便走过来，把我们的车从泥地里推了出去。父亲勉强笑了笑，我和母亲从车窗挥手，便继续前行了。 We found a parking⑳ space next to our hut㉑，which was round and made from brick㉒. The walls, painted brilliant white，reflected the afternoon sun. There were five similar huts, all lined up facing Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. 10 The mountain rose up over the plains before us. Tall grasses and trees dotted㉓ the plains, which were alive with the African wildlife we had come to see. 11 Giraffes, with their long necks, were pulling leaves from the highest branches.In the distance㉔， elephants were eating grass, ears flapping㉕ lazily as they moved slowly over the plains. 12 I had never seen anything like this before. It was indeed the greatest show on the Earth. 10 该句为简单句。all lined up facing Mount Kilimanjaro为独立主格结构，the highest mountain in Africa为Mount Kilimanjaro的同位语。 11 该句为复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the plains；we had come to see为省略了引导词的定语从句，修饰先行词wildlife。 12 该句为复合句。ears flapping lazily为独立主格结构，as引导时间状语从句。 ⑳parking /'pɑːkIŋ/n.停车；停车位 parking lot 停车场 park v．停放(汽车或其他车辆) ㉑hut /hʌt/n.(简陋的)小屋，棚屋 ㉒brick /brIk/n.砖块；积木 ㉓dot /dɒt/vt.遍布；使布满，点缀；加点 n．点 be dotted with (星罗棋布地)布满/分布着…… ㉔in the distance在远处 at a distance (of)在……远的地方；距离稍远 keep one's distance (from) (与……)保持距离 keep sb. at a distance对某人冷淡；与某人疏远；与某人保持一定的距离 distant adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的 ㉕flap /flæp/vi.& vt.拍打，摆动；(振)翅 我们在一个用砖砌成的圆形的小屋旁边找到了一个停车位。墙壁被漆成亮白色，反射着午后的阳光。有五间类似的小屋，都排成一排，面向非洲的最高山脉——乞力马扎罗山。那座山屹立在我们面前的平原上。高高的草丛和树木点缀着平原，平原上到处都是我们此行要看的非洲野生动物。长颈鹿伸着长长的脖子，从最高的树枝上咬下叶子。远处，大象正在吃草，耳朵懒洋洋地拍打着，在平原上缓缓移动。我以前从没见过这样的场景。这的确是地球上最壮观的景象。 We got out of the car, carrying our suitcases and boxes of food into the hut. 13 I placed ham㉖ sandwiches, sausages㉗ and a bunch㉘ of bananas on a small wooden table. I returned to the car and fetched㉙ more possessions㉚. It was then that I noticed a small grey monkey sitting on a tree a few metres away and eating a banana. 14 “So cute，” I thought to myself, until I realized it was my banana that he was eating！ 15 He was looking at me intently㉛ as he enjoyed the final mouthful. I was sure he was saying, “Thank you.”“You're welcome，” I replied. 13 该句为简单句。carrying our suitcases and boxes of food into the hut为现在分词短语作状语。 14 该句为强调句型。强调句型的结构为：It is/was ＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。本句强调时间状语then；sitting on a tree a few metres away and eating a banana为现在分词短语作宾语补足语。 15 该句为复合句。until引导时间状语从句，it was my banana that he was eating为强调句型，强调宾语。 ㉖ham /hæm/n.火腿，火腿肉 ㉗sausage /'sɒsIdʒ/n.香肠，腊肠 ㉘bunch /bʌntʃ/n.串，束；大量 a bunch of 一束，一串 ㉙fetch /fetʃ/vt.(去)拿来，(去)请来 ㉚possession /pə'zeʃn/n.私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有 be in possession of占有；拥有；持有 be in sb.'s possession＝be in the possession of sb.为某人所有；在某人的控制下 get/take/gain/have possession of拥有；占有 possess vt.拥有；具有；支配 be possessed of具有(某品质、特征等) ㉛intently/In'tentli/adv.热切地，专注地 我们下了车，提着手提箱和几盒食物进了小屋。我把火腿三明治、香肠和一把香蕉放在一张小木桌上。我回到车上，又拿了些物品。就在那时，我注意到一只灰色的小猴子坐在几米开外的树上，吃着一根香蕉。“太可爱了，”我心想，直到我意识到他吃的正是我的香蕉！他目不转睛地看着我，开心地吃完最后一口。我确定他是在说：“谢谢。”“不客气，”我回答道。 Part 2　语篇研析 Ⅰ.厘清文章层次结构 An adventure in Africa In Morocco On arriving at Merzouga, my parents and I saw the unending sand dunes 1.____________ before us.Then we set off and our vehicle quietly 2.______ over the sand and small stones.It wasn't long before we 3.________________ by enormous sand dunes.The wild beauty of the desert was about to reveal itself to us.There was not a plant 4.____________ and the colours of the dunes contrasted strikingly 5.________ the blue of the cloudless sky. 6.____________， we arrived at our desert camp. stretching ran were surrounded to be seen with Eventually An adventure in Africa In Kenya A few days after our 7.____________ from the camp，our car was well and truly stuck in the mud.It was two local people 8.____________ helped push us free.Then we drove on and found a parking space next to our hut.There were five similar huts，all lined up facing Mount Kilimanjaro，which rose up over the plains 9.____________ with tall grasses and trees.There we saw giraffes pulling leaves from the highest branches and elephants eating grass.Then we got out of the car and carried our suitcases and boxes of food into the hut.As I returned to the car and fetched more 10.____________， I noticed a small grey monkey sitting on a tree and eating a banana.Later, I realized it was my banana that he was eating.As he enjoyed the final mouthful，he was looking at me intently as if to say “Thank you.” departure that/who dotted possessions Ⅱ.根据课文内容选择正确答案 1．What did the writer make a resolution to do when he saw the yellow roadside sign? A．To take a long look at it. B．To take a picture of it. C．To ignore it. D．To respect and protect the unique landscape. 答案：D 2．What did the writer think of the completely empty desert? A．Terrible and terrifying.　 B．Calming and threatening. C．Beautiful and amazing. D．Quiet and breathtaking. 答案：B 3．When did the writer and his parents arrive at their desert camp? A．At dawn. B．At noon. C．At dusk. D．At midnight. 答案：C 4．Which of the following descriptions is WRONG? A．Following my mother's advice, my father decided to drive through a large pool of water. B．The Amboseli National Park is located on the border of Kenya. C．It was two tall slim local people that helped us out when our car was stuck in the mud. D．It was my banana that the small grey monkey was eating on the tree. 答案：A 5．Why did the writer and his parents come to the plains dotted with grasses and trees? A．To enjoy the beautiful scenery. B．To see the African wildlife. C．To do some research on the wildlife. D．To experience the local life. 答案：B Ⅲ.课文语法填空 My parents and I finally arrived at Merzouga.A yellow roadside sign told us that we were entering a “fragile natural environment”．I made a resolution 1.____________ (respect) and protect this unique landscape while I was here.We set off, our vehicle quietly 2.____________ (run) over the sand and small stones.It wasn't long 3.__________ we were surrounded by enormous sand dunes towering above us on all sides.The colours of the dunes contrasted strikingly 4._______ the blue of the cloudless sky.Eventually, as the last rays of sunlight were falling on the sand，we 5.________ (arrive) at our desert camp. to respect running before with arrived A few days after our 6.____________ (depart) from the camp, our car was well and truly stuck in the mud.Two tall slim local people, who were standing by the roadside, 7.____________ (wander) over and pushed us free.In the distance，elephants were eating grass，ears flapping 8._________ (lazy) as they moved slowly over the plains.It was indeed the 9._________ (great) show on the Earth.I returned to the car and fetched more possessions.10._____ was then that I noticed a small grey monkey sitting on a tree a few metres away and eating a banana. departure wandered lazily greatest　 It Ⅳ.句式分析和翻译 1．A small boy walked past with a group of noisy goats as I took a long look at the yellow roadside sign that told us we were entering a “fragile natural environment”． [句式分析]　本句为主从复合句，主句为_________结构，as引导__________从句；that引导________从句，修饰先行词_______。 [自主翻译]　_____________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 主谓状　 时间状语 定语 sign 我盯着黄色路标时，一个小男孩赶着一群吵闹的山羊走过，根据路标提示，我们正在进入一个“脆弱的自然环境”。 2．It wasn't long before we were surrounded by enormous sand dunes towering above us on all sides. [句式分析]　本句为主从复合句，before引导____________从句；现在分词短语towering...作____________，修饰名词____________。 [自主翻译]　___________________________________________ 时间状语　 后置定语 sand dunes 很快我们就被四周高耸的巨大沙丘包围住。 3．Tall grasses and trees dotted the plains，which were alive with the African wildlife we had come to see. [句式分析]　本句为主从复合句，which引导____________从句，修饰先行词_______；we had come to see为________从句，修饰先行词____________，从句中省略了关系代词____________。 [自主翻译]　____________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ 非限制性定语 plains 定语 wildlife　 which/that 高高的草丛和树木点缀着平原，平原上到处都是我们此行要看的非洲野生动物。 关键能力 互动探究 词汇识记 1．welfare n．幸福，福祉；福利 Animal welfare activists are concerned about the treatment of circus animals.动物福利活动人士担心马戏团动物的待遇。 2．accommodation n．住处 If you can't find any accommodation elsewhere, here is a room which can accommodate up to five people.如果你在别处找不到住处，这里有一间最多可以住五个人的房间。 accommodate vi.& vt.适应；提供住宿；容纳 3．surrounding adj.周围的，附近的     Our school is surrounded by mountains.There are no factories or other buildings in the surrounding areas, so the surroundings are very quiet and fresh.我们学校四面环山。周边地区没有工厂和其他建筑，所以环境非常安静和清新。 surround vt.围绕；环绕 surroundings n．环境 4．harmony n．融洽，和睦；和谐     Only when we live in harmony with nature can we human beings live a really harmonious life.只有当我们与自然和谐相处时，我们人类才能过上真正和谐的生活。 harmonious adj.和谐的，融洽的 harmoniously adv.融洽地；和谐地 5．sustain vt.使保持，使稳定持续；维持     Without this process, Earth could not sustain life.没有这个过程，地球就无法维持生命。 sustainable adj.能持续的；可持续发展的 sustainability n．持续性 We should seize the opportunity and meet the challenge to push China's sustainable development strategy to a new stage.我们要抓住机遇，迎接挑战，推动中国可持续发展战略迈上新台阶。 Development of renewable energy is promoted to achieve sustainability.推动可再生能源发展，实现可持续发展。 6．manner n．方式，方法；举止；(manners) 礼貌 The employees of outstanding airlines will act in a polite, friendly manner.杰出的航空公司的员工的举止是有礼貌且友善的。 Good manners are not only about the way we talk, but also about all other things we do when we communicate with other people.良好的举止不仅包括我们说话的方式，还包括我们与他人交谈时所做的所有其他事情。 7．consumption n．消耗，消耗量；消费     Experts advise consumers not to buy more groceries until they've already been consumed.This is called rational consumption.专家建议消费者在吃完之前不要购买更多的食物。这被称为理性消费。 consume vt.消耗；消费 consumer n．消费者 8．church n．教堂；礼拜 9．come down to 可归结为，可归纳为 When you come down to it，however，the basic problems of life have not changed.然而，归结起来，生活的基本问题并未改变。 10．code n．行为规范，道德准则；法规，法典；密码 A special code is needed to override the time lock.这定时锁要用特定密码才能打开。 11．dress code 着装规定 The company's dress code is very informal, allowing employees to wear casual clothes to work.这家公司的着装要求很随意，允许员工穿便装上班。 12．item n．一件商品(或物品)；项目 This item is the perfect example of combined art and science.这件物品是艺术与科学结合的完美范例。 Any man that has a sense of duty will be concerned about this item.任何有责任感的人都会关心这个项目。 13．elegant adj.漂亮雅致的，精美的；优美的，文雅的     To tell the truth, I was extremely inspired by the elegant way the words sounded.说实话，这些词的优美发音让我深受启发。 elegantly adj.漂亮雅致地，精美地；优美地，文雅地 elegance n．漂亮，精致 14．make one's way to 去，前往 Although she did not know Boston well, she made her way easily to the Boston Public Library.虽然她对波士顿不太熟悉，但她还是轻松地来到了波士顿公共图书馆。 15．statue n．雕像，雕塑 The statues fill only one part of the huge tomb, which still has not been completely unearthed.这些雕像只占据了这座尚未完全出土的巨大陵墓的一部分。 16．souvenir n．纪念物，纪念品 A good idea occurred to me that I could go downtown to buy some souvenirs after the mission.我突然想到一个好主意，任务结束后我可以去市中心买些纪念品。 17．antique n．文物，古董 adj.古老的，古董的 Hide your antique or it will be stolen.把你的古董藏起来，否则会被偷的。 18．vase n．花瓶，装饰瓶 He tried to fix the broken vase, but his efforts were in vain.他试图修理那个破花瓶，但他的努力是徒劳的。 19．furniture n．家具     He had been searching for a furnished flat until one day he found one that was well furnished with modern furniture.他一直在寻找一套配有家具的公寓，直到有一天他找到了一套配有现代家具的公寓。 furnish v．为(房间或房屋)配备家具；提供，供应 furnished adj.配备家具的 20．dune n．沙丘 21．goat n．山羊 22．resolution n．决心，决定；决议；解决 He made a resolution to be a doctor.Then he resolved to study hard and get rid of his laziness.他下定决心要当一名医生。于是他决心努力学习，改掉懒惰的毛病。 resolve v．解决；决定，下定决心 23．grain n．细粒，颗粒；谷物 He could have admitted the mistake, apologized humbly and gone back with a grain of respect left.他本可以承认错误，谦逊地道歉，然后带着一点尊重回去。 24．beat down (阳光)强烈照射，曝晒 25．contrast vi.形成对比 vt.对比，对照 n．差异，差别；对照物 High-rises decorate the city's skyline, creating a distinct contrast to the ancient neighborhoods and buildings that were occupied previously by people.高楼大厦点缀着城市的天际线，与以前被人类占据的古老街区和建筑形成鲜明的对比。 26．ray n．光线，射线 27．camel n．骆驼 28．chew vi.& vt.咀嚼，嚼碎；咬住 It's normal for puppies to chew on objects as they explore the world.小狗在探索世界时咬东西是很正常的。 29．starve vi.& vt.(使)饿死，(使)挨饿 After three days without food, the men were close to starvation.If we had come later, they would have to be starved to death.这些人三天没吃东西，就快要饿死了。如果我们晚些时候来，他们就得饿死了。 starvation n．饥饿，饿死 30．barbecue n．烤架；户外烧烤 31．departure n．离开，起程 depart vi.起程，离开 They had received no news of Scott since his departure from the island.自从斯科特离开这座岛后，他们就再也没有得到过他的消息。 32．mud n．泥，淤泥     The camel's feet, well adapted for dry sand, are useless on mud.骆驼的脚能够很好地适应干燥的沙子，但在泥地上却毫无用处。 Look! The car has got stuck in the ground, which is so muddy.看！汽车陷在泥地里了。 muddy adj.泥泞的 33．border n．国界，边界 vi.& vt.(与……)接壤 The Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park was set up in Jilin and Heilongjiang, with boundaries stretching all the way to the border.东北虎豹国家公园设立在吉林和黑龙江，其边界一直延伸到边境。 34．parking n．停车；停车位 They are making efforts to solve the parking problem with digital technologies.他们正试图用数字技术解决停车问题。 35．hut n．(简陋的)小屋，棚屋 36．brick n．砖块；积木 37．dot vt.遍布；使布满，点缀；加点 n．点 He watched the train away until it was only a dot in the distance.他目送火车驶离，直到它变成远处的一个点。 The map was dotted with the names of small towns.地图上散布着小城镇的名字。 38．flap vi.& vt.拍打，摆动；振(翅) In the distance, elephants were eating grass, ears flapping lazily as they moved slowly over the plains.远处，大象正在吃草，耳朵懒洋洋地拍打着，慢慢地在平原上移动。 39．ham n．火腿，火腿肉 40．sausage n．香肠，腊肠 41．bunch n．串，束；大量 I received a bunch of flowers yesterday.我昨天收到一束花。 42．fetch vt.(去)拿来，(去)请来 Please fetch me a clean handkerchief from my bedroom.请从我的卧室里给我拿一条干净的手帕。 43．possession n．私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有 I desire to be a professor by profession in the future and I will possess lots of professional knowledge.我希望将来能成为一名专业教授，我将拥有很多专业知识。 possess vt.拥有，占有 44．intently adv.热切地，专注地 The children were following every word of the story intently.孩子们专心地听着故事里的每一个字。 45．hike n．远足，徒步旅行 vi.& vt.去……远足，做徒步旅行 hiking n．远足，徒步旅行 I hiked across other places emptied of their wildlife by human beings.我徒步穿越了其他因为人类而没有野生动物存在的地方。 46．awesome adj.令人惊叹的，使人惊惧的；很好的 The wide plain, with thousands of animals on the move, was an awesome spectacle.广阔的平原上有成千上万只动物在活动，这是一个令人惊叹的景象。 47．liquid adj.液体的，液态的 n．液体 She learned the word “water” by putting her hand gently under the stream of water and feeling the liquid.把手轻轻地放在流动的水下，感受这种液体，她懂得了“水”这个词。 48．Arctic adj.北极的 n．(the Arctic) 北极，北极地区 49．fox n．狐狸；狡猾的人 50．polar adj.极地的；完全相反的 51．delicacy n．佳肴；谨慎；敏感 52．lamb n．羊羔肉；羔羊 默写练习 【限时：15分钟】 Ⅰ.默写重点单词 1．____________ vt.使保持，使稳定持续；维持 2．____________ n．方式，方法；举止；(manners)礼貌 3．____________ n．一件商品(或物品)；项目 4．____________ adj.漂亮雅致的，精美的；优美的，文雅的 5．____________ vi.形成对比 vt.对比；对照 n．差异，差别；对照物 sustain manner item elegant contrast 6．____________ vi.& vt.咀嚼，嚼碎；咬住 7．____________ n．国界，边界 vi.& vt.与……接壤 8．____________ n．停车；停车位 9．____________ vt.(去)拿来，(去)请来 10．____________ n．远足，徒步旅行 vi.& vt.去……远足，做徒步旅行 chew border parking fetch hike 11．____________ adj.令人惊叹的，使人惊惧的；很好的 12．_________ adj.液体的，液态的 n．液体 13．____________ adj.周围的，附近的→ __________ vt.包围；围绕→____________ n．环境 14．____________ n．融洽，和睦；和谐→ __________ adj.和谐的 awesome liquid surrounding surround surroundings harmony harmonious 15．____________ n．消耗，消耗量；消费→ ____________ vt.消耗；消费→ ____________ n．消费者；顾客，客户 16．____________ n．决心，决定；决议；解决→ ____________ v．决定；决心；解决 17．____________ vi.& vt.(使)饿死，(使)挨饿→ ____________ n．挨饿；饿死 consumption　 consume　 consumer resolution resolve starve　 starvation 18．____________ n．离开，起程→ _________ v．离开；起程；背离 19．_______ n．泥，淤泥 → __________ adj.泥泞的；浑浊的 20．__________ n．私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有→ ____________ v．具有，拥有 departure　 depart mud muddy possession possess Ⅱ.默写核心短语 1．________________ 可归结为，可归纳为 2．________________ 去，前往 3．________________ (阳光)强烈照射，曝晒 4．________________ 被……包围 5．________________ 与……形成对比 come down to make one's way to beat down be surrounded by contrast with 6．________________ 使站成一队；使排列成一行 7．__________________ 随着……的到来 8．________________ 在远处 9．________________ 出发；使爆炸；引发 10．________________ 陷入；困于 line up with the approach of... in the distance set off be stuck in Ⅲ.词形变化填空 1．The man ____________ the elegant antique.That is to say，the elegant antique is in the ____________ of him.(possess) 2．People in ancient times often ____________ (starvation) to death if they couldn't harvest enough grain. 3．With the ____________ (depart) approaching，my pet foxes also became upset. possesses possession starved departure 4．The new year is coming and I make a ____________ (resolve) to lose weight. 5．We drove along a _________ (mud) lane to reach the farmhouse. resolution muddy Ⅳ.选词填空 从核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子 1．________________ knowledge economy，knowledge management becomes increasingly important in enterprises. 2．I gave up my job because I felt I ________________ a rut. 3．There are various typical Chinese customs during the Spring Festival, two of which are to make dumplings and _______ fireworks. With the approach of was stuck in set off 4．The local people _________ to donate money to the earthquake­hit area. 5．To enjoy the summer sunshine on the beach, __________________ the Gold Coast. lined up make your way to 词汇精研 1.surrounding adj.周围的，附近的(surround vt.围绕；环绕 surroundings n．环境) [教材原文] The prices of tourist essentials such as transport, accommodation and food usually increase too, which brings even more wealth to the surrounding community. 交通、住宿和食物等旅游必需品的价格通常也会上涨，这给周边社区带来了更多的财富。 surround sb./sth.(with sb./sth.) (用某人/某物)包围某人/某物 be surrounded by/with sb./sth.被某人/某物包围 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/句型转换 ①We often walk around the square which is surrounded ____________ blooming flowers in spring. ②Learning is a process in which we adapt ourselves to our ____________ (surrounding). ③They lived in a hut ____________ (surround) by trees and blooming flowers, and most of the trees were pine trees. by/with surroundings surrounded ④Because this territory is surrounded by mighty mountains and valleys, it attracts many tourists every year. → ________________________________________，this territory attracts many tourists every year.(过去分词短语作状语) Surrounded by mighty mountains and valleys 2.harmony n．融洽，和睦；和谐(harmonious adj.和谐的，协调的；友好和睦的；harmoniously adv.融洽地；和谐地) [教材原文] More nature－centred tourist attractions, where man and nature live in harmony, can be greatly impacted or even destroyed by the flood of tourists. 更多以自然风光为主、人与自然和谐相处的旅游景点，会因为大量游客涌入而受到巨大影响甚至遭到破坏。 be/live in harmony with 与……协调/一致 out of harmony with 与……不协调/不一致 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The pictures call me up my ____________ (harmony) bonds with my former neighbours. ②When children grow up, their ideas may sometimes be _______ of harmony with their parents' thoughts. ③(应用文写作之环境与自然)越来越多的人意识到与自然和谐相处是至关重要的。 More and more people become aware that ____________________ _______________________． harmonious out living in harmony with nature is essential 3.manner n．方式， 方法；举止；(manners)礼貌 [教材原文] It is important to travel in an environmentally friendly manner. 以环保的方式旅行是很重要的。 in a/the...manner 以……的方式 in the manner of以……的风格 It is good/bad manners to do sth.做某事有礼貌/没礼貌 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The manner ____ which the decision was announced was extremely regrettable. ②I think it's bad __________ (manner) to dress badly on formal occasions. ③人们认为，这部讽刺作品有点狄更斯的风格。 It is thought that it's a satire somewhat _________________ Dickens. in manners in the manner of 4.resolution n．决心，决定；决议；解决(resolve v．解决，决定，下决心) [教材原文] I made a resolution to respect and protect this unique landscape while I was here. 我下定决心，在这里的这段时间里，一定要尊重和保护这片独特的风景。 (1)make a resolution to do sth.下决心做某事 New Year's resolution 新年时下的决心 (2)resolve to do sth.决定做某事 resolve that...决定…… [即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译 ①It's my son's New Year's ____________ (resolve) that he will study harder than before to be admitted to a key university. ②The new graduate has made ____________ resolution to be a volunteer teacher in the distant village. resolution a ③越来越多的人决定改掉熬夜的坏习惯。 →More and more people ____________________ the bad habit of staying up late. →More and more people ___________________________ the bad habit of staying up late. →More and more people ______________________________ the bad habit of staying up late. make a resolution to get rid of resolve to get rid of resolve that they will get rid of 5.contrast vi.形成对比 vt.对比，对照 n．差异，差别；对照物 [教材原文] The colours of the dunes contrasted strikingly with the blue of the cloudless sky. 沙丘的颜色与晴空的蓝色形成了鲜明的对比。 (1)contrast with...与……形成对比 contrast A with/and B　把A和B进行对比 (2)by contrast 相比之下 in contrast to/with 与……相比 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①In my opinion, there is no need to contrast our life __________ others'. ②The company lost $13 million this year _____ contrast to a profit of $15 million last year. ③Our old house was large and spacious, but ______ contrast our new flat seems small and dark. ④在舞台上，男演员的幽默与女演员的冷漠形成了鲜明的对比。 On the stage, the humor of the actor ___________________________ the indifference of the actress. with/and in by contrasts strikingly/sharply with 6.starve vi.& vt.(使)饿死，(使)挨饿(starvation n．饥饿，挨饿，饿死) [教材原文] I was starving and rushed to put a steak on the barbecue. 我饿极了，急忙把一块牛排放在烤肉架上。 starve to death 饿死 starve for 渴望…… be starved of缺乏……，急需…… [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①People on the island are starved _____ fresh water since it hasn't rained for nearly half a year. ②According to a recent report，nowadays more people die from being overweight than from ___________ (starve). ③Mary was so tired that she was starving _____ a long holiday to relax herself. ④他们在山上迷路了，最后因缺乏食物而饿死了。 They got lost in the mountain and finally ____________________ because of lack of food. of starvation for starved to death 7.possession n．私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有[possess vt.(不用于进行时)拥有；具有；支配] [教材原文] I returned to the car and fetched more possessions. 我回到车上，又拿了些物品。 (1)be in possession of占有；拥有；持有 be in sb.'s possession＝be in the possession of sb.为某人所有；在某人的控制下 get/take/gain/have possession of拥有；占有 (2)be possessed of具有(某品质、特征等) [即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译 ①As the saying goes, “A true friend is the best ____________ (possess).” ②Although he doesn't possess much money, he is ____________ (possess) of good health. possession possessed ③据说，这位老人拥有许多古代瓷花瓶。 →It is said that the old man __________ many ancient china vases.(possess) →It is said that the old man ________________________________ many ancient china vases.(possession) →It is said that many ancient china vases ______________________ the old man.(possession) possesses is in possession of/takes possession of　 are in the possession of [名师点津]　in possession of表示主动，意为“占有；拥有；持有”，主语通常为表示人的词语；in the possession of表示被动，意为“被……占有，为某人所有”，主语通常为表示物的词语。类似的短语还有in charge of，in the charge of；in control of, in the control of等。 8.come down to 可归结为，可归纳为 [教材原文] In summary, being a sustainable tourist comes down to respect—for nature, culture and people. 总而言之，做一名践行可持续旅游理念的游客归根结底就是要心怀尊重——对自然、文化和人的尊重。 come down (温度、价格等)降低；坍塌；(雨、雪等)落下 come across (偶然)遇见；被理解 come about发生 come out露出；显露；出版 come to想出；合计 come up with想出 come up上升；破土而出；发生 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He came up ________ a practical solution to the problem at the meeting. ②I have no idea how the accident came ____________． ③It is estimated that the total cost of the project will come ________ four million dollars. with about to ④(应用文写作之发言稿)我演讲的主题可归纳为一点——保护环境，人人有责。 The theme of my speech can ________________ one point—protecting the environment is everyone's responsibility. come down to 9.make one's way to 前往，去；在事业上有所起步 [教材原文] Make your way to the main hall and admire the 8.8－metre－high statue of the Buddha. 前往主殿，瞻礼8.8米高的佛像。 feel one's way 谨慎小心地进行，摸索前进 fight one's way奋斗前进， 打开一条道路 lose one's way迷路；误入歧途 force one's way挤出去，冲出去 push one's way推开(人群)通过，挤过 pick one's way小心走路 wind one's way蜿蜒前进 [即学即练]——完成句子 ①(读后续写之动作描写)在街上走时，我注意到一个盲人用棍子摸索着走路。 While walking along the street, I noticed a blind man ______________________ with a stick. ②(读后续写之动作描写)他从人群中挤到前台。 He __________________________ through the crowd to the reception desk. feeling his way forced/pushed his way ③(读后续写之环境描写)一条狭窄、崎岖不平的小路蜿蜒通往山顶。 A narrow rough path ____________________ to the top of the mountain. wound its way 10.beat down (阳光)强烈照射，曝晒 [教材原文] The wind was blowing grains of sand from the tops of the dunes，the sun was beating down hard and bright，and the sky was a deep shade of blue that I had never seen before. 风吹动着沙丘顶上的沙粒，阳光猛烈而耀眼地照射着，天空是我以前从未见过的深蓝色。 beat against/on/at打在 beat off 战胜，击败；驱走 beat oneself up 过分自责 beat out扑灭；敲打出节奏 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The hot sun beat down ____________ his head as he was working in the field. ②I lay on the bed, listening to the rain beating ____________ the windows. ③我认为你没必要为此过分自责。 I think there is no need to _________________ over this. ④她用手提包打攻击者，把他击退了。 She ______________ the attacker by hitting him with her handbag. on/upon against/on/at beat yourself up beat off 句式剖析 1.before引导时间状语从句 [教材原文] It wasn't long before we were surrounded by enormous sand dunes towering above us on all sides. 很快我们就被四周高耸的巨大沙丘包围住。 (1)“It wasn't long before...”为固定句型，意为“不久就……”，before在句中引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时。 (2)It was＋一段时间＋before...“过了若干时间才……”(before从句用一般过去时) (3)It won't be long before...“很快就会……”(before从句用一般现在时) (4)It will be＋一段时间＋before...“要过若干时间之后才……”(before从句用一般现在时) [即学即练]——完成句子 ①鸟儿很快就会饿死。 ____________________________ the birds starve to death. ②离我们结束封闭训练还有一个月。 ____________________________ we finish the closed training. ③过了一个学期我才适应新学校。 _____________________ I adapted myself to the new school. ④没过多久，他就意识到自己多么想念母亲。 _____________________ he realized how much he missed his mother. It won't be long before It will be a month before　 It was a term before It wasn't long before [名师点津]　before conj.常用来表示从句动作发生之前的时间，可灵活翻译为：“还没来得及……就……”“……之后才……”“在……之前”“(不久)就……”“以免……”“趁着……(还没有)”。 2.强调句型 [教材原文] It was then that I noticed a small grey monkey sitting on a tree a few metres away and eating a banana. 就在那时，我注意到一只灰色的小猴子坐在几米开外的树上，吃着一根香蕉。 (1)本句中的“It was...that...”为强调句型，强调时间状语then。 (2)强调句式的构成：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who... (3)强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who...? (4)强调句的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that...? (5)对“not...until...”进行强调时，应使用句型“It is/was not until...that...”。 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/句型转换 ①It is with your generous help ____________ I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible. ②Was ______ because Jack came late for school that Mr.Smith got angry？ ③Mr.Huang is respected by all the students.It's he that __________ (fulfill) our senior school life. that it fulfills ④________ was it that made his parents so happy? ⑤He didn't realize the importance of learning English well until he went to America as an exchange student. → ________________ he went to America as an exchange student ________ he realized the importance of learning English well.(强调句型) → _____________ he went to America as an exchange student ______________ the importance of learning English well.(部分倒装) What It was not until that Not until　 did he realize [名师点津]　(1)当被强调的部分指人时，句子的连词可用that/who，否则就用that。 (2)当被强调的部分为主语时，句子的谓语动词与被强调的主语保持一致。 (3)强调句型通常用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语等，不能强调谓语。对句子的谓语动词进行强调时用“do/does/did＋动词原形”。 (4)判断句子是否为强调句型的方法：把it is/was和that/who去掉，再把被强调部分归位到它本来的位置，若句子完整，则为强调句。 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．After the operation，you may find it difficult to _______ (咀嚼) and swallow. 2．To collect your replacement card, you should _______ (去拿来) it at the SAC personally. 3．His younger brother Jared likes ________ (做徒步旅行) and taking pictures of animals. chew fetch　 hiking 4．Tiger reintroduction projects have only been achieved within national ____________ (边界) and in areas that are considered current tiger habitats. 5．There is an obvious __________ (差异) between the cultures of East and West. 6．Taking pictures of ________ (极地的) bears is amazing but also dangerous. borders contrast polar 7．When the ice is heated above freezing point, it begins to change into a ____________ (液态的) state. 8．Chinese foods, with a long history，are known for their special taste and ____________ (佳肴). 9．It is believed that the eruption of a volcano is ____________ (令人惊惧的). 10．No doubt that the animals were left to ________ (挨饿) to death. liquid delicacy awesome starve Ⅱ.选词填空 make a resolution，beat down，contrast with，in the distance，a bunch of，be surrounded by，arrive at，set off 1．The old man rose early in the morning at 4 a．m.to ___________ the market with his fresh produce so that he would be there to greet early customers. 2．The young man came to the party holding ________________ flowers. arrive at a bunch of 3．The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, which ________________ a high wire fence. 4．The video moved me deeply, so I __________________ to follow their examples to take my own responsibility to be a reliable person in the future. 5．The mother watched the train away until it was only a dot ________________． was surrounded by made a resolution in the distance 6．The sun ________________ on the sand, making it painful to walk barefoot. 7．College students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they __________ on their life journey. 8．The husband's rudeness ________________ his wife's politeness. beat(s) down set off contrasted with Ⅲ.完成句子 1．从他脸上高兴的表情判断，他这次一定通过了考试。 Judging from his happy look on the face, he __________________________ this time. 2．很显然，是人类活动造成了对村庄的环境破坏。 Obviously, ____________________ has resulted in the environmental destruction to the village. must have passed the exam it is human activity that 3．与农村的孩子们相比，我们拥有更多更好的教育资源。 ____________________ the children in the countryside, we __________________ more and better educational resources. 4．一些科学家相信，用不了多久，机器人就会被广泛应用于各行各业。 Some scientists believe that _______________________ robots are widely used in all walks of life. In contrast to take possession of it won't be long before 5．人们坐在一起享用丰盛的晚餐，并相互祝愿新年快乐。 People sat together to enjoy a big dinner, ______________________________． wishing everyone a happy new year 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．With the Spring Festival approaching, the supermarket was so crowded with people that it took us a lot of time to find a _______ (park) place. 2．He was possessed _______ not only great self－confidence but also exceptional powers of concentration. 3．It was yesterday _______ he read three books in the library. parking of that 4．Millions of people will face ____________ (starve) next year as a result of the drought. 5．Because of her father's disease, she made a resolution ____________ (visit) her parents more often. 6．The rescue workers removed the ____________ (brick) and stones with bare hands in search of any survivors in the earthquake. starvation to visit bricks 7．It must have rained last night, for the road was quite _________ (mud). 8．I had a dream that I was in an old study, which ________________ (surround) by leather books. 9．____________ (gather) around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people. 10．It is the teacher's encouragement that _____ (have) a great effect on his progress in English learning. muddy was surrounded Gathering has Ⅱ.单句写作 1．上周六，我前往市中心参观了一场展览。(make one's way to) __________________________________________________________2．距我上次参观展览已经有两年了，所以我很兴奋。(It＋be＋时间段＋since) _________________________________________________________ Last Saturday, I made my way to the city centre to visit an exhibition. It was two years since I visited an exhibition last time, so I was excited. 3．我一到那里，就发现展厅被这么多的人围绕着。(surround) ________________________________________________________________________ 4．有一张“dead bear”的照片吸引了一些参观者。那只熊显然死于饥饿。(starve) ______________________________________________________________________________________ As soon as I got there, I found the exhibition hall was surrounded by so many people. There was a picture called “dead bear” attracting some visitors.The bear apparently died of starvation. 5．这张图片警示我们，我们应该保护野生动物，并学会与自然和谐相处。(harmony) ______________________________________________________________________________________ The picture warned us that we should protect wild animals and learn to live in harmony with nature. Ⅲ.阅读理解 A Beijing's Forbidden City is a place full of wonder.From its thousands of rooms to its many beautiful artifacts, there's no wonder it's one of China's most popular tourist destinations. But even more than 600 years after it was built, it's still managing to serve up surprises.Since it was built during the Ming Dynasty, it's estimated that the Forbidden City has survived more than 200 earthquakes.And while most structures aren't made to survive natural disasters, let alone ones built hundreds of years ago, it seems that the Forbidden City was built to withstand anything. A recent television documentary by UK broadcaster Channel 4 explored the skills of the ancient building's designers.A group of Chinese carpenters and engineers were shown building a scale model (成比例模型) of one of the Forbidden City's palaces, at one fifth of the size. To show how strong ancient Chinese architecture really is, the model was put to the test.It was subjected to a simulated (模拟的) earthquake of 9.5 on the Richter scale—equivalent to the largest ever recorded quake—and survived.Instead of falling apart, the model was just moved gently during the test. According to experts, the answer to the Forbidden City's strength, as well as other ancient Chinese structures', lies in dougong—a centuries-old building method invented in China.This is the name for special brackets on buildings.Despite being held together without any nails or glue, the brackets are perfect at keeping structures together when the weather gets rough. “Dougong design is an important earthquake-resistant feature of classical Chinese structures because the framework changes in shape when under pressure, much like the shock absorbers (减震器) of a car，” according to Chinese National Geography. “Ancient Chinese craftsmen created structures that were both enduring and aesthetically (在美学方面) pleasing using dougong, revealing their advanced understanding of mathematics, architecture, materials, and structural science.” The Forbidden City draws visitors because of its rich history and cultural significance, but perhaps it should add one more thing to its list of attractions：earthquake shelters. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了紫禁城的斗拱设计帮助它在多次地震中幸存。 2 3 1 4 1．What is the text mainly about? A．What has made the Forbidden City a popular tourist destination. B．What has helped the Forbidden City survive so many earthquakes. C．The characteristics of Chinese architecture during the Ming Dynasty. D．A variety of building methods used in ancient Chinese structures. 答案：B 主旨大意题。文章介绍了紫禁城的斗拱设计帮助它在多次地震中幸存。故选B。 2 3 1 4 2．Which of the following can best replace the underlined phrase “was subjected to” in paragraph 4? A．Suffered. B．Was controlled by. C．Obeyed. D．Was affected by. 答案：A 2 3 1 4 词义猜测题。根据画线词组上文“To show how strong ancient Chinese architecture really is, the model was put to the test.”可知，在测试中，斗拱模型能够经受得住9.5级的地震。由此可知，画线词组与suffered“经受”意思接近。故选A。 2 3 1 4 3．What was the aim of the test in the UK documentary? A．To reproduce a real earthquake from the Ming Dynasty. B．To discover a long-lost Chinese building method. C．To explain the impact of earthquakes on ancient buildings. D．To prove the strength of ancient Chinese architecture. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“To show how strong ancient Chinese architecture really is, the model was put to the test.”可知，测试的目的是证明中国古建筑的抗震性。故选D。 2 3 1 4 4．What is “dougong” according to the text? A．A paint that gives Chinese buildings an attractive look. B．A tool used by ancient people to measure earthquakes. C．Special building parts that keep a traditional Chinese building together. D．A building piece located in the center of a traditional Chinese house. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“According to experts...special brackets on buildings.”可知，斗拱是连接中国传统建筑物的一个特殊部件。故选C。 2 3 1 4 B Time and time again, I hear someone ask why anyone would want to keep an “ugly” building or a building that is dirty and clearly in need of work.I think you could say we preservationists (文物保护者) look at buildings through a different angle—an angle that can see the swan in the ugly duck, the story in the simple lines, the book behind the cover. Take the Queen Emma Building for example.While people may remember that building being named as one of the ugliest buildings in town, the angle from which a preservationist will view the building is that it is uniquely constructed with an artistical brise-soleil (遮阳板) to block the sun.The designer used standard concrete bricks to form a decorative wall.Unfortunately, the brise-soleil was removed in 2011, making the building look like many of the contemporary buildings in town. Sometimes people remember a beautiful site that was replaced by a “very unpleasant” piece of architecture and can't get over their anger, even when that building becomes an important part of our story.This is particularly true in San Francisco where many preservationists themselves dislike anything newer than the Victorian era.Yes, it was a tragedy that many failed to appreciate the Victorian buildings and let many get torn down several decades ago, but those losses also tell another important story.It tells the story of the 1950s and 1960s when there was hope for a more equal society with inexpensive housing for the working class.Should that history be wiped from our memories? Preservation is not just about keeping pretty, well-kept buildings, but about conveying parts of our history—not just the history of huge events, but the story of how everyone used to go to a certain corner market.Our history cannot be told only in buildings that meet someone's criteria of beauty; sometimes our history is painful, but no less important. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章告诉读者为什么丑陋的建筑值得保存。 5 6 7 8 5．How do preservationists see buildings? A．They focus on their value rather than appearance. B．They pay great attention to ancient buildings. C．They are devoted to repairing famous buildings. D．They prefer ugly buildings to beautiful ones. 答案：A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I think you could... the book behind the cover.”可知，文物保护者关注的是建筑的价值而不是外观。故选A。 5 6 7 8 6．What does the author think of removing the brise-soleil of the Queen Emma Building? A．It's confusing.　　　　 B．It's pleasing. C．It's regrettable. D．It's unbelievable. 答案：C 5 6 7 8 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“it is uniquely constructed...to block the sun”以及“Unfortunately, the brise-soleil was...contemporary buildings in town.”可知，作者认为艾玛女王大厦的遮阳板很独特，拆除遮阳板后使得这座建筑看起来像城里的许多当代建筑一样，故作者认为拆除遮阳板是件令人遗憾的事情。故选C。 5 6 7 8 7．Why were many Victorian buildings in San Francisco torn down? A．To wipe the history of the Victorian era. B．To make land available for cheap housing. C．To work off the deep anger of the working class. D．To restore the architecture before the Victorian era. 答案：B 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Yes, it was a tragedy...for the working class.”可知，旧金山很多维多利亚时代的建筑被拆除，是为了腾出土地为工人阶级建造廉价住房。故选B。 5 6 7 8 8．What is the author's intention of writing this text? A．To introduce some buildings with historical value. B．To explain the reason why architects make ugly buildings. C．To praise the work of preservationists. D．To stress the importance of preserving ugly buildings. 答案：D 5 6 7 8 写作意图题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要解释了丑陋的建筑值得保存的原因。故作者写这篇文章的目的是强调保存丑陋建筑物的重要性。故选D。 5 6 7 8 Ⅳ.阅读七选五 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了绿色建筑的概念、优势和实现方式。 Green architecture is designed in an environment-friendly way.Many people think interest in green architecture has only begun in recent years. 1 Our ancient ancestors were intelligent.They also knew the fact that green architecture is more able to fit in with nature and more practical. 1 2 3 4 5 A．The goal is to make a building prettier. B．Not many buildings have great green designs. C．A green building's design need solve many problems. D．In fact, humans have tried green architecture for thousands of years. E．After all, pulling down a building can quite damage the environment. F．Actually, many of the green designs can make a building more beautiful. G．And smart lighting would turn off when people are not around to save energy. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 根据上下文的内容可知，下文提及祖先们对绿色建筑的使用，因此否定了上文中人们的观点，故设空处与上文为转折关系，下文顺接D项，上下文衔接连贯。故选D项。 1 2 3 4 5 2 These include heating and cooling, water usage, environmental quality and energy usage.Architects can deal with all of these in various ways, all of which are designed to increase efficiency without affecting the function of the building. 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 A．The goal is to make a building prettier. B．Not many buildings have great green designs. C．A green building's design need solve many problems. D．In fact, humans have tried green architecture for thousands of years. E．After all, pulling down a building can quite damage the environment. F．Actually, many of the green designs can make a building more beautiful. G．And smart lighting would turn off when people are not around to save energy. 答案：C 下文中提及的“heating and cooling, water usage, environmental quality and energy usage”都是在讲建筑师要注意的问题，他们通过诸多的方式来解决这些问题，下文的These指代C项中的many problems，上下文衔接连贯。故选C项。 1 2 3 4 5 To make it, much of green architecture focuses on building intelligently.For example，plumbing systems (管道系统) may be designed to use less water while still functioning normally. 3 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 A．The goal is to make a building prettier. B．Not many buildings have great green designs. C．A green building's design need solve many problems. D．In fact, humans have tried green architecture for thousands of years. E．After all, pulling down a building can quite damage the environment. F．Actually, many of the green designs can make a building more beautiful. G．And smart lighting would turn off when people are not around to save energy. 答案：G 根据上文中的“To make it, much of green...still functioning normally.”可知，本段介绍了智能建筑的运用， G项中的智能照明和上一句的管道系统为具体的两个例子，为并列句。故选G项。 1 2 3 4 5 Many architects build environmentally to show people that it's possible.And they want to show the fact that being environmentally-friendly does not have to make a building bad-looking. 4 A courtyard with plants, for example, can be nicer to view. 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 A．The goal is to make a building prettier. B．Not many buildings have great green designs. C．A green building's design need solve many problems. D．In fact, humans have tried green architecture for thousands of years. E．After all, pulling down a building can quite damage the environment. F．Actually, many of the green designs can make a building more beautiful. G．And smart lighting would turn off when people are not around to save energy. 答案：F 根据上文中的“Many architects build...to make a building bad-looking.”可知，环保建筑不一定很糟糕，也许很漂亮， F项承接上一句，语意连贯顺畅。故选F项。 1 2 3 4 5 The green design can be kept in mind when we build various future buildings, ranging from a private home to a tall office building.Green designs can also be applied to remodeling (改造) and repairing existing buildings. 5 Many governments are thus encouraging remodeling and repairing instead of building new ones. 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 A．The goal is to make a building prettier. B．Not many buildings have great green designs. C．A green building's design need solve many problems. D．In fact, humans have tried green architecture for thousands of years. E．After all, pulling down a building can quite damage the environment. F．Actually, many of the green designs can make a building more beautiful. G．And smart lighting would turn off when people are not around to save energy. 答案：E 根据上文中的“Green designs can also be applied to remodeling and repairing existing buildings.”可知，绿色建筑的设计也可用于改造和修复旧建筑，下一句将提及与existing buildings相关的信息，又根据下文“Many governments are thus encouraging remodeling and repairing instead of building new ones.”中的thus可知，下文为设空处情况的结果， E项承接上文，与下文为因果关系，上下文衔接连贯。故选E项。 1 2 3 4 5 $$