U3 Period Ⅲ Grammar and usage-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语必修第二册同步导学案配套PPT课件（译林版）

必修第二册 Unit 3　Festivals and customs Period Ⅲ　Grammar and usage 单元语法：Future in the past (过去将来时) 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 核心语法 专项突破 课时作业 巩固提升 课堂检测 素养达标 核心语法 专项突破 [语法体会] ①They set off at 9 a．m.and would reach the airport an hour later. ②I was going to leave after 10 o'clock, but then it began to rain. ③She told me she was coming to see me the next day. ④Li Lei was to arrive soon. ⑤I was about to tell him about it when Wu Dong got in. 我的发现： 1．句①的谓语形式为 __________________。 2．句②的谓语形式为 ________________________。 3．句③的谓语形式为 __________________。 4．句④的谓语形式为 __________________。 5．句⑤的谓语形式为 _________________________。 would＋动词原形 was going to＋动词原形 was＋doing was＋不定式 was about to＋动词原形 [用法图解] [知识精要] 过去将来时的用法 1．过去将来时是对于过去某一时间点而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用于宾语从句中。 We were all surprised when he made it clear that he would leave office soon.当他明确表示他很快就要离职时，我们都很惊讶。 At that time I knew we would succeed.那时我知道我们会成功的。 She hoped that they would meet again someday.她希望有一天她们会再见面。 They said it would be fine.他们说会没事的。 I rang up to tell my father that I would leave for London.我打电话告诉父亲我将动身去伦敦。 2．表示过去的某种习惯或行为。 She would lose the key! 她经常会把钥匙弄丢！ He would sit for hours doing nothing.他常常一坐就是几个小时，什么也不做。 3．过去将来时除了用“would＋动词原形”表达外，还有以下几种表达法。 (1)“was/were going to＋动词原形”表示过去的打算和意图，还可以表示没有实现的打算和意图。 He was going to start work the following week.他打算下星期开始工作。 He said he was going to visit China the next week.他说他下周要访问中国。 He was going to come last night, but it rained.他昨晚本来要来的，但下雨了。(没有实现) I thought the film was going to be interesting.我以为这部电影会很有趣。(结果不是如此) (2)“was/were to＋动词原形”通常指过去的计划、安排或注定要发生的事情。如果计划的动作没有实现，要用动词的完成式。 He said he was to meet his friend at the station at 4 p．m.他说他下午4点要去车站接他的朋友。(计划安排) At that time he did not know that quitting the job was to become the turning point in his life.当时他不知道辞职会成为他人生的转折点。(注定要发生的事情) She said she was to take up the position.她说她将担任这个职位。(表示打算) She said she was to have taken up the position.她说她本来要担任这个职位的。(计划但未能实现) (3)“was/were about to＋动词原形”表示过去即将发生的事。 I felt that something terrible was about to happen.我觉得有什么可怕的事情要发生了。 We were about to go there when it began to rain.我们正要去那儿，这时天开始下雨了。 (4)表示位置转移的动词如go，come，leave，start等的过去进行时，表示按照过去的计划或安排将在过去将来发生的事情。 I didn't know you were coming.我不知道你要来。 [即学即练]——完成句子 ①他正打算吃午饭，这时门铃响了。 He ____________________ when the bell rang. ②老师说，如果我不努力学习，很难有进步。 The teacher said that it ______________________ to make progress if I didn't work hard. ③他告诉我们他打算参加会议。 He told us that he __________________ the meeting. was about to have lunch would be very difficult was going to attend ④她告诉我们那个学期她将尽她最大努力赶上班里其他同学。 She told us that she ________________ to catch up with other classmates that term. ⑤他急忙进了车厢。火车几分钟后就要开了。 He hurried into the carriage.The train __________________ in a few minutes. would try her best was leaving 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．He said he ____________ (be) to finish the work in a week. 2．James has just arrived, but I didn't know he ____________ (come) until yesterday. 3．As a child, few people guessed that he ______________________ (be) a famous scientist whose theories would change the world. 4．Whenever he had time, he ____________ (do) some reading. 5．I caught him just as he ____________ (leave) the building. was was coming would be/was going to be would do was leaving Ⅱ.完成句子 1．他说他要与我们待在一起。 He said he __________________ with us. 2．要是我是你的话，我就不会那样做了。 If I were you, I ______________________． 3．我正要去睡觉，这时电话响了。 I ______________________ when the phone rang. would stay would not do like that was about to go to bed 4．在2020年初，学生们从来没有想到他们会有这么长的寒假。 At the beginning of the year 2020, students never thought they ______________ such a long winter vacation. 5．他儿时的梦想是成为一名种小麦的农民。 His childhood dream ________________ a wheat farmer. would have was to become 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.写出下列句子中黑体部分的时态 1．Shanghai lies in the east of China.____________ 2．Where did you go just now？____________ 3．Will you be at home at seven this evening？__________ 4．When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.____________ 5．She was sixty-six.In three years, she would be sixty-nine. ____________ 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 过去完成时 过去将来时 Ⅱ.完成句子 1．她告诉我们，如果下雨的话，她就不和我们一起去了。 She told us that she ________________ with us if it rained. 2．他告诉我他正要准备回家。 I was told that he __________________ home. 3．贝蒂说下周六她要去参观长城。 Betty said she ________________ the Great Wall next Saturday. would not go was going to return would visit 4．他一有时间就去看他奶奶。 Whenever he had time, he ______________ to see his grandmother. 5．如果我有钱，我会买辆车。 If I had money, I ________________ a car. would go would buy Ⅲ.阅读理解 The Bedford School has held activities to celebrate the Chinese New Year before the winter vacation—this time with a unique change compared to other years.The celebration is a blend(融合) of traditional food, calligraphy, and a performance using Chinese instruments. The school's Chinese Society introduced an art form that attracted the students: Chinese calligraphy.The students were surprised at the combination (结合) of visual art and the interpretation (解读) of literary meaning as they wrote Chinese characters with grace.And they tried their best to make what they wrote correct and beautiful.The students also enjoyed delightful Chinese New Year foods, including spring rolls, rice cake and dumplings.They ate fish-shaped sweets with great enjoyment, symbolizing abundance (富足) for the coming year as the Chinese character for “fish” can also mean “surplus”．The idea behind this is that if we manage to have something left over at the year's end, then more can be made in the new year.Keeping with tradition, the students exchanged red envelopes filled with sweets, symbolizing good luck and prosperity (繁荣).In Chinese culture, the color red symbolizes good luck and good fortune for the year ahead.This is why red decorations are used during many important cultural festivals and significant events. Due to China's rocketing economy and reputation (声誉), Chinese New Year has become a worldwide event.The Bedford School provided a great opportunity for students to gain a deeper understanding of Chinese tradition and culture. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了贝德福德学校庆祝中国新年的活动，包括各种传统元素，如食物、书法和表演。 1．What can we know about the celebration of this year? A．It celebrated the winter vacation. B．It focused more on Chinese traditional cultures. C．It was aimed at raising school's reputation. D．It was celebrated the same way as before. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，与往年相比，今年的中国新年活动更专注于中国的传统文化。故选B。 2 3 1 4 2．What did the students care much about while writing Chinese characters? A．The writing time. B．Teachers' attitudes. C．The beauty of the characters. D．The school's Chinese Society. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The students were...wrote correct and beautiful.”可知，学生们在书写汉字时最关心的是汉字的美。故选C。 2 3 1 4 3．Why did the students eat fish-shaped sweets? A．To get pocket money. B．To enjoy delicious fish. C．To keep with tradition. D．To expect a rich new year. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“They ate fish-shaped sweets...can also mean ‘surplus’．”可知，学生们吃鱼形的糖果是因为这象征着来年的富足。故选D。 2 3 1 4 4．What made Chinese New Year popular globally? A．China's role in the art world. B．Chinese calligraphy. C．Chinese instruments. D．China's fast development. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Due to China's rocketing...a worldwide event.”可知，中国的快速发展使中国的新年在全球流行起来。故选D。 2 3 1 4 Ⅳ.完形填空 If someone said they'd pay you $1，800 to stay off social media for six years, would you do it? Could you? In 2016, Lorna 1 her 12-year-old son Sivert to stay off social media until he was 18.If he made it, she'd award him the 2 on his eighteenth birthday.On February 19, 2022, Sivert received his 3 ．Sivert thought it was a great 4 at the time.“I thought it was 5 indeed.What's 6 more years？” he recalled. “It's the 6 money I've ever spent，” said Lorna.“We are not against social media, but it's the 7 use of it.It's about not letting yourself get 8 affected by it.” Lorna has three older daughters, and she'd already seen problems from their 9 activities.When one of her daughters was 16, Lorna 10 her phone.Her daughter later thanked her for doing so, as it improved her mental health. Sivert said it wasn't that 11 to live without social media for six years.“There wasn't a time when I thought of giving up，” he said.“Staying away from social media also meant I had more time to 12 my studies and sports instead.” Other parents have seemed 13 trying a similar challenge with their kids.“I advise 14 the behavior you want to see in your children.If they see you before the 15 all day, they will follow your example，” said Lorna. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了Lorna要求她12岁的儿子Sivert挑战在18岁之前不使用社交媒体，并引起了很多家庭的效仿。 2 3 1 4 1．A.acquired　　　 B．challenged C．tricked D．sought 答案：B 句意：2016年，Lorna让她12岁的儿子Sivert挑战在18岁之前不使用社交媒体。acquire获得；challenge挑战；trick开玩笑；seek寻找。根据下文“Other parents have seemed 13 trying a similar challenge with their kids.”可知，Lorna的12岁的儿子Sivert在18岁之前不能使用社交媒体是个挑战。故选B。 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2．A.piano B．money C．cell phone D．vehicle 答案：B 句意：如果他成功了，她会在他十八岁生日那天把钱奖励给他。piano钢琴；money钱；cell phone电话；vehicle交通工具。根据上文“If someone said they'd pay you $1，800 to stay off social media for six years”可知，如果挑战成功会有金钱作为奖励。故选B。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 3．A.pay B．response C．chance D．prize 答案：D 句意：2022年2月19日，Sivert收到了他的奖金。pay工资；response回复；chance机会；prize奖金。根据上文“If someone said they'd pay you $1，800 to stay off social media for six years”和“On February 19, 2022”可知，2022年2月19日是在开始挑战的6年之后，所以，Sivert应该是挑战成功了，他收到了他的奖金。故选D。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 4．A.journey B．option C．deal D．honor 答案：C 句意：Sivert当时认为这是一笔了不起的交易。journey旅行；option选择；deal交易；honor荣誉。根据上文“If someone said they'd pay you $1，800 to stay off social media for six years”和“Sivert received his 3 ”可知，Sivert挑战成功了，而且收到了他的奖金，所以他应该是认为这是一笔了不起的交易。故选C。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 5．A.cool B．funny C．tough D．practical 答案：A 句意：他回忆道：“我觉得这真的很酷。再过6年算什么？”cool酷的；funny有趣的；tough艰难的；practical实用的。根据下文“What's 6 more years？”可知，Sivert觉得再过6年也不算什么，所以他应该是觉得这很酷。故选A。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6．A.most B．easiest C．best D．hottest 答案：C 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 句意：“这是我花过的最好的钱，”Lorna说。“我们并不反对社交媒体，但这是对它的健康使用。这是为了不让自己受到它的严重影响。”most最多的；easiest最容易的；best最好的；hottest最热的。根据下文“I've ever spent”可知，在母亲Lorna看来，花钱却能让儿子远离社交媒体6年是一件很值得的事情，所以她认为这是花过的最好的钱。故选C。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7．A.free B．healthy C．wide D．regular 答案：B 句意：同上一题。free免费的；healthy健康的；wide宽的；regular有规律的。根据上文but可知，上下文是转折关系，虽然他们并不反对社交媒体，但仍然要健康地使用它。故选B。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 8．A.wisely B．directly C．naturally D．badly 答案：D 句意：同第6题。wisely广泛地；directly直接地；naturally自然地；badly严重地。根据下文affected by it可知，这里应该是指不能被社交媒体严重地影响。故选D。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9．A.social B．political C．outdoor D．online 答案：D 句意：Lorna还有三个大点的女儿，她已经从她们的网络活动中看到了问题。social社会的；political政治的；outdoor室外的；online网上的。根据上文“she'd already seen problems ”可知，Lorna应该是从女儿们的网络活动中看到了问题。故选D。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 10．A.came across B．took away C．switched on D．searched for 答案：B 句意：当她的一个女儿16岁时，Lorna拿走了她的手机。come across偶遇；take away带走；switch on打开；search for寻找。根据上文“Lorna has three older daughters, and she'd already seen problems from their 9 activities.”可知，Lorna已经从女儿们的网络活动中看到了问题，所以她应该是会把她们的手机拿走。故选B。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 11．A.difficult B．necessary C．unusual D．secure 答案：A 句意：Sivert说，6年没有社交媒体生活并不难。difficult困难的；necessary必要的；unusual不同寻常的；secure安全的。根据下文“There wasn't a time when I thought of giving up”可知，Sivert应该是认为6年没有社交媒体生活并不难。故选A。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 12．A.depend upon B．show off C．focus on D．smooth out 答案：C 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 句意：“我从来没有想过放弃，”他说。“远离社交媒体也意味着我有更多的时间专注于学习和体育。”depend upon依靠；show off展示；focus on专注于；smooth out消除。根据上文“Staying away from social media also meant I had more time to”可知，远离社交媒体应该是意味着Sivert有更多的时间专注于他的学习和体育。故选C。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13．A.happy with B．concerned about C．interested in D．responsible for 答案：C 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 句意：其他家长似乎也有兴趣和孩子一起尝试类似的挑战。happy with对……满意；concerned about担心；interested in对……感兴趣；responsible for对……负责。根据下文“‘I advise 14 the behavior you want to see in your children.If they see you before the 15 all day, they will follow your example，’ said Lorna.”可知，其他家长应该是也有兴趣和孩子一起尝试类似的挑战。故选C。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14．A.modeling B．controlling C．exchanging D．balancing 答案：A 句意：Lorna说：“我建议你模仿孩子的行为。如果他们整天看到你在屏幕前，他们会以你为榜样。”model模仿；control控制；exchange交换；balance平衡。根据下文“they will follow your example”可知，这里应该是要家长模仿孩子的行为。故选A。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 15．A.blackboard B．poster C．screen D．mirror 答案：C 句意：见上一题。blackboard黑板；poster海报；screen屏幕；mirror镜子。根据上文“they see you before the”可知，这里应该是指孩子如果看到家长整天面对着手机屏幕，他们也会模仿。故选C。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Ⅴ.语法填空 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是关于国际劳动节的庆祝和人们在这一节日里享受休闲和旅行的情况。 The International Workers' Day, sometimes 1. (call) Labor Day or May Day, is not only a celebration of workers' rights, but also a seasonal celebration in many countries.The holiday is a 2.____________ (celebrate) of laborers in about 90 countries. 1．考查非谓语动词。句意： 国际劳动节，有时称为劳动节或五一节，不仅是工人权利的庆祝活动，也是许多国家的季节性庆祝活动。分析句子可知，is是谓语动词，call是非谓语动词，和名词the International Workers' Day是被动关系，故使用其过去分词形式作定语。故填called。 答案：called 2．考查词性转换。句意： 这个节日是大约90个国家劳动者的节日。分析句子可知，设空处应用celebrate的名词形式作表语。故填celebration。 答案：celebration People 3. (observe) this holiday since 1920 to show their 4. (aware) of protecting the working class 5. exploitation (剥削).In China, people don't need to go to work from May 1st until May 3rd, many of 6. take this opportunity to meet up friends 7. go for short trips, with no specific public events during the holiday. 3．考查动词的时态。句意： 人们从1920年开始庆祝这个节日，以显示他们保护工人阶级不受剥削的意识。分析句子可知，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中since 1920为现在完成时的时间标志。故填have observed。 答案：have observed 4．考查词性转换。句意同上。分析句子可知，设空处应用aware的名词形式作宾语。故填awareness。 答案：awareness 5．考查介词。句意同第3题。句中protect sb. from sth.为固定短语，意为“保护某人免受……的伤害”。故填from。 答案：from 6．考查定语从句。句意： 在中国，从5月1日到5月3日，人们不需要上班，许多人利用这个机会与朋友见面或短途旅行，假期期间没有特定的公共活动。分析句子可知，设空处引导的是定语从句，先行词是people，在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，指人用whom，构成“介词＋关系代词”的结构。故填whom。 答案：whom 7．考查连词。句意同上。根据句意可知，此处表示选择。故填or。 答案：or A recent report was issued by the China Tourism Academy, 8._____ (say) that the number of domestic (国内的) tourist trips will reach about 4.55 billion，9. increase of 73 percent year on year.“China's tourism market has embarked on a track of recovery this year.And we will see a 10. (continue) ‘travel frenzy (狂热)’ during the May Day holiday，” said Li Huiqin, a tourism expert from the China University of Geosciences. 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国旅游研究院最近发布的一份报告称，国内旅游人次将达到约45.5亿人次，同比增长73%。分析句子可知，was issued是谓语动词，say是非谓语动词，report和say是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，故填saying。 答案：saying 9．考查冠词。句意： 中国旅游研究院最近发布的一份报告称，国内旅游人次将达到约45.5亿人次，同比增长73%。increase是可数名词单数形式，前面应该用不定冠词，且increase是元音因素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 答案：an 10．考查词性转换。句意： 中国地质大学旅游专家李会琴说： “我们将在五一假期看到持续的‘旅游狂潮’”。此处应该使用形容词修饰名词，作定语，故填continuous。 答案：continuous $$