U1 Period 1 Understanding -【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册同步导学案配套PPT课件（外研版）

选择性必修 第二册 Unit 1　Growing up 1 【单元知识目标】 重点单词 integrity；virtue；licence；loan；election；wage；tax；ambulance；legal；mature；instantly；gradual；approve；librarian；household；commitment；suitable；minimum；varied；routine；chew；digestion；digest；consequence；golf；politics；evidence；airline；bond；conclusion 2 重点短语 have a say；behind the wheel；take responsibility for；no doubt；tempt sb.to do；in the act of；ponder over；lay aside；devote oneself to；at a glance；distinguish...from...；be concerned with；close at hand；be pleased to do 单元语法 将来进行时 单元写作 文学评论 3 【单元话题词汇】 4 Period 1　Understanding ideas—Reading comprehension 5 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 课时作业 巩固提升 必备知识 自主学习 6 必备知识 自主学习 7 Part 1　教材原文助读 The Age of Majority In most countries， turning① 18 marks② the start of adulthood③. But what does reaching this milestone④， the age of majority，really mean? Will you be completely in charge of⑤ your own life and able to express yourself in new and exciting ways? What new responsibilities will this freedom bring?Here， three young people tell us what turning 18 means， or meant， to them.  what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作宾语。 8 ①turn 熟词生义 vt.到达；超过(某一年龄或时间) ▶She turns 21 in June.她到6月份就满21岁了。 ▶It’s turned midnight.已过了午夜。 ②mark vt.标志；成为……的征兆 n.[C]污点；记号 mark the beginning/start/end of sth.标志……的开始/结束 ③adulthood/ˈædʌlthʊd/n.[U]成年 reach adulthood已成年 ④milestone/ˈmaIlstəʊn/n.[C]重要阶段，重大事件，里程碑 [同义]landmark n.[C](标志重要阶段的)里程碑 ⑤in charge of 负责，掌管 9 法定成年年龄 在大多数国家，进入18岁就标志着成年了。然而步入成年这个重要阶段到底意味着什么呢?你将完全主宰自己的生活吗?你能够用新奇的、激动人心的方式来表达自己吗?这种自由会带来什么新责任呢?下面三位年轻人向我们讲述了进入18岁对他们而言意味着什么，或是曾经意味着什么。 10 Bethany 16， Victoria， Australia I can’t wait to be 18. One reason is that although I’ve been working ever since leaving school，I won’t be voting in the next general election⑥.Why? Because I still won’t be old enough. Surely， if you’re old enough to earn a wage⑦ and pay taxes⑧， you should be allowed to have a say⑨ on how the government spends them!I’ve also been taking driving lessons，and in fact I will be 11 taking my driving test on the very⑩ day I turn 18. My mum worries about me being behind the wheel⑪. As an ambulance⑫driver， she’s seen a lot of car accidents involving teenagers and thinks the legal age⑬for getting a driving licence should be 21.But I think I’m already mature⑭ enough to understand that driving a car also means taking responsibility for⑮ my life and the lives of other people.  that引导的表语从句，其中包含although引导的让步状语从句。 动名词的复合结构，属于“代词宾格＋动名词”形式。 v.-ing短语作定语，involve意为“牵涉，影响”。 “be＋adj.＋enough＋to do sth.”结构，其中有一个that引导的宾语从句。在该宾语从句中，driving a car为v.-ing短语作主语。 13 ⑥general election n.[C]大选，普选 election/Iˈlekʃ(ə)n/n.[U，C]选举 elect vt.选举，推选 ⑦earn a wage挣工资 wage/weIdʒ/n.[C](按小时、日或周计算的)工资，薪金 ⑧pay taxes纳税 tax/tæks/n.[C，U]税，税款 ⑨have a say 有发言权 say熟词生义n.[sing.，U]决定权，发言权 14 ⑩very熟词生义adj.(特指人或事物)正是的，恰好的，同一的 ▶Those were her very words.那些就是她的原话。 ⑪behind the wheel驾驶汽车 ▶John got behind the wheel and I sat in back.约翰开车，我坐在后座。 ⑫ambulance/ˈæmbjʊləns/n.[C]救护车 ⑬the legal age法定年龄 legal/ˈliːɡ(ə)l/adj.合法的，法律要求的 [反义]illegal/Iˈliːɡ(ə)l/adj.不合法的，非法的，违法的 ⑭mature/məˈtʃʊə/adj.明白事理的，成熟的 ⑮take responsibility for (doing) sth.承担(做)某事的责任 [近义]be responsible for 贝萨妮 16岁，澳大利亚维多利亚州 我简直等不及想要到18岁了。一个原因是虽然我离开学校后一直在工作，可下次大选我还是不能投票。为什么?因为我还不到年纪。当然，如果你到了能赚取工资和纳税的年龄，你就应该对政府在支配税收方面有发言权!我也一直在上驾驶课程，并且实际上，我会在18岁当天去考驾照。妈妈十分担心我开车。作为一名救护车司机，她目睹过很多涉及青少年的车祸。她认为，获得驾照的法定年龄应该是21岁。不过，我觉得自己已经足够成熟，明白开车也意味着要对自己和他人的生命负责。 Lin Ning 19， Shanghai， China I celebrated my 18th birthday just before I went to university. I expected to feel instantly⑯different，as if I had closed the door on⑰ my childhood⑱ and stepped into a whole new adult world. But it wasn’t like that.When I woke up the next day，there were still rules to obey⑲ and lessons to attend⑳. In fact，the change has been more subtle㉑and gradual㉒than I imagined .Instead of being the selfish㉓ 18 teenager I used to be， I have begun to feel more aware of㉔other people and to develop a stronger sense of social responsibility.To give an example， I will be signing an organ donation agreemen this time tomorrow. This was a big decision for me,so I asked my parents for their approval. Turning 18 also changed the way that society viewed me . I was really surprised when a bank contacted me with a credit card offer. Of course，I would like to have more freedom with money and no doubt㉙ I will be getting a credit card at some point㉚，but I currently don’t have a steady income㉛， so getting a credit card might tempt㉜ me to spend more money than I have!  as if引导的方式状语从句，从句使用了虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的情况，谓语动词用had done。 不定式to obey和to attend作后置定语，分别修饰名词rules和lessons。 20 than引导的比较状语从句。 省略关系代词that/whom的限制性定语从句，关系代词在定语从句中作表语。 that引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the way。that可以换成in which，that也可以省略。 名词短语作状语。 21 ⑯instantly/ˈInstəntli/adv.立即，马上 conj.一……就…… instant adj.立即的，立刻的；方便的，速溶的 ⑰close the door on...使……不可能；拒……于门外，把……的门堵死 ⑱childhood/ˈtʃaIldhʊd/n.[U，C]童年，儿童时代 childhood memories/experiences童年的回忆/经历 ⑲obey/əʊˈbeI/vt.& vi.服从，遵守，顺从 obey rules/the law遵守规章/法律 [反义]disobey vt.& vi.不服从，违抗 22 ⑳attend vt.& vi.定期去，经常去；参加，出席 ㉑subtle/ˈsʌtl/adj.难以察觉的，微妙的 ㉒gradual/ˈɡrædʒuəl/adj.逐渐的，逐步的 ㉓selfish/ˈselfIʃ/adj.自私的 [词链]selfish (adj.)→selfishly (adv.自私地)→selfishness (n.自私) ㉔feel/be aware of...意识到…… aware adj.知道，意识到，明白 ㉕a sense of social responsibility社会责任感 ㉖sign an organ donation agreement签署一份器官捐献协议 sign vt.& vi.签署，签字，签(名)，署(名) ㉗approvl/əˈpruːvəl/n.赞成，同意 ㉘contact vt.联系，联络(如用电话或信件)n.[U](尤指经常的)联系，联络 ㉙no doubt无疑，很可能 ㉚at some point 在某个时候 ㉛a steady income一份稳定的收入 steady/ˈstedi/adj.稳定的 ㉜tempt/tempt/vt.诱惑，引诱 tempt sb.to do sth.引诱某人做某事 林宁 19岁，中国上海市 上大学前我刚庆祝了我18岁的生日。我曾经期待马上会有不一样的感觉，就像是自己关上了童年时代的大门，迈入一个全新的成人世界。可事实并非如此。第二天我醒来时，仍然有要遵守的规则和要去上的课。事实上，这种变化比我想象的更微小、更平缓。相比之前那个自私的青少年，我已经开始更多地关注别 人，并且去培养更强烈的社会责任感。比如说，明天的这个时候，我将会签署一份器官捐献协议。对我来说，这是个重大决定，所以我征求了父母的同意。迈入18岁，社会看待我的方式也发生了变化。有家银行联系我让我办信用卡的时候，我感到非常惊讶。我当然很想在金钱上拥有更多自由，无疑也会在未来某个时候办信用卡，不过目前我没有稳定收入，办了信用卡可能会让我透支! Morgan 20， Florida， the US People say that 18 marks a new chapter in our lives，and that we should become more independent .I used to believe this，but the reality for me has been very different.I assumed㉝ I’d already have a well-paid job and that I’d be moving into a rented apartment as soon as I turned 18，but how wrong I was! My librarian’s㉞ salary means that I’ll be living at home with my parents for a while longer. Because 28 I contribute to㉟ the household bills㊱ and my commute㊲ to work is quite expensive， I find it hard to save any money . I’ll be starting a new job next month，however，so maybe things will get easier. I know I could get a bank loan to pay the deposit㊳ on my very own apartment，but I don’t feel ready to make that kind of commitment㊴，and I do like my mom’s cooking. I guess some responsibilities are more about attitude than age.  29 画线部分为that引导的宾语从句，作say的宾语，此处的that通常不能省略。一个动词后接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句时，第一个引导词that可以省略，第二个及第二个之后的引导词that通常不可省略。 本句中but连接两个并列分句。第一个分句是主从复合句，I assumed是主句，assumed后接两个that 引导的宾语从句，第一个that已省略；as soon as引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。 30 此处是“find＋形式宾语it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语”结构。hard作宾语补足语，不定式短语to save any money为真正的宾语。 “do/does/did＋动词原形”结构，do用于强调谓语动词like。 31 ㉝assume vt.认为，假定，假设 ㉞librarian/laIˈbreəriən/n.[C]图书管理员 ㉟contribute to做出贡献 ㊱household bills 家庭账单 household/ˈhaʊshəʊld/adj.家庭的，家用的 ㊲commute/kəˈmjuːt/n.[C]每天上班的路程；上下班路程 ㊳deposit/dIˈpɒzIt/n.[usually sing.]订金；押金 pay a deposit (on...)付(……的)订金/押金 ㊴commitment/kəˈmItmənt/n.[C，U]投入，花费 32 摩根 20岁，美国佛罗里达州 人们都说18岁意味着生活开启了新篇章，我们应该变得更加独立。我曾经也这样认为，但对我来说，现实远非如此。我曾以为自己一到18岁就会拥有一份薪水不错的工作，能搬去租住的公寓里，我真是大错特错!拿着图书管理员的工资，这意味着我还得跟父母再同住一段时间。因为我要分担家庭账单，上班的通勤费也相当高，我发现很难存下来钱。不过，下个月我要开始新工作了，所以情况也许会有所好转。我知道我可以向银行贷款来支付购买自己公寓的订金，但我觉得自己还没准备好做出那种投入，而且我真的很喜欢妈妈做的饭。我想，有些责任更多的是关乎态度，而非年龄。 33 Part 2　语篇研析 1.Match the main idea with each paragraph. ①Para.1　　a.The reality is different from imagination after turning 18. ②Para.2　　b.The more subtle and gradual changes after turning 18. ③Para.3　　c.Turning 18 marks the start of adulthood. ④Para.4　　d.The reasons for being eager to be 18. 答案：①—c　②—d　③—b　④—a 34 2.What’s the main idea of the text? A.The age of majority varies in different countries. B.Some views about the right to vote. C.What the age of majority means. D.Young people should be independent. 答案：C 35 1.What is the mark of turning 18 for some young people in most countries? A.The legal age. B.The right of voting. C.The right of freedom. D.The end of childhood. 答案：D 36 2.What can we know about Bethany? A.She is an adult. B.She has the right to vote. C.She will be working this time next year. D.She still hasn’t got her driving licence. 答案：D 37 3.In the view of Lin Ning， why has the change been more subtle and gradual than he imagined? A.Because he was a selfish teenager. B.Because he began to have a sense of responsibility. C.Because there were still lessons to attend. D.Because there were still rules to obey for him. 答案：B 38 4.In which aspect has the reality been very different from Morgan’s expectation according to the last paragraph? A.Independence.　　　　 B.Equality. C.Salary. D.Job. 答案：A 39 1.Surely， if you’re old enough to earn a wage and pay taxes， you should be allowed to have a say on how the government spends them! [句式分析]　本句是一个复合句。if引导______________，“you should be allowed to have a say...”是__________；how引导的从句 作on的__________。 [翻译]　_________________________________________________ ______________________________ 条件状语从句 主句 宾语 当然，如果你到了能赚取工资和纳税的年龄，你就应该对政府在支配税收方面有发言权! 2.As an ambulance driver， she’s seen a lot of car accidents involving teenagers and thinks the legal age for getting a driving licence should be 21. [句式分析]　本句是一个复合句。句子主干是“she’s seen a lot of car accidents...and thinks...”，and连接两个并列谓语。involving teenagers是现在分词短语作________，“the legal age for getting a driving licence should be 21”是省略了连接词that的______从句。 [翻译]　_________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 定语 宾语 作为一名救护车司机，她目睹过很多涉及青少年的车祸，她认为，获得驾照的法定年龄应该是21岁。 3.Of course， I would like to have more freedom with money and no doubt I will be getting a credit card at some point， but I currently don’t have a steady income， so getting a credit card might tempt me to spend more money than I have! [句式分析]　本句是一个并列句，but连接两个并列分句。在第一 个并列分句中，and是____________，连接两个并列分句；在第 二个并列分句中，so是____________，连接两个并列分句，表示 因果关系。so后面的getting a credit card是动词-ing形式短语作__________。 [翻译]　_________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 并列连词 并列连词 主语 我当然很想在金钱上拥有更多自由，无疑也会在未来某个时候办信用卡，不过目前我没有稳定收入，办了信用卡可能会让我透支! 4.I know I could get a bank loan to pay the deposit on my very own apartment， but I don’t feel ready to make that kind of commitment， and I do like my mom’s cooking. [句式分析]　本句是一个并列句，but连接两个并列分句。在第一 个并列分句中，“I could get...own apartment”作know的______；在第二个并列分句中，and是__________，连接两个并列分句。 do like是“do/does/did＋__________”结构，do用于强调谓语动词like。 [翻译]　_________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 宾语 并列连词 动词原形 我知道我可以向银行贷款来支付购买自己公寓的订金，但我觉得自己还没准备好做出那种投入，而且我真的很喜欢妈妈做的饭。 In most countries， turning 18 1._________ (mark) the start of adulthood.In this text， three young people tell us 2. __________ turning 18 means， or meant， to them. 16-year-old girl Bethany says turning 18 means she is old enough 3. __________ (vote) in the election and have a say on how the government spends the taxes.Though Bethany’s mum， an ambulance driver， worries about her 4. __________ (be) behind the wheel， Bethany thinks she can take 5. ____________ (responsible) for her life and the lives of other people.  marks what to vote being responsibility Lin Ning， 19-year-old from Shanghai in China， celebrated his 18th birthday just before he 6.__________ (go) to university.He expected to feel 7. __________ (instant) different， but it wasn’t like that.In fact， the change has been more subtle and gradual than he imagined.Instead of being the selfish teenager he used to be， he has begun to feel more aware 8. __________ other people and to develop a stronger sense of social responsibility. went instantly of Morgan， 20-year-old from Florida in the US， used to believe he should become 9. __________________ (independence) at the age of 18， but the reality for him has been very different.Because he contributes to the household bills and his commute to work is quite expensive， he finds 10. __________ hard to save any money.  more independent it 课时作业 巩固提升 阅读理解 A “Suffering” is the word that best describes my first year of teaching. I wasn’t prepared to have too much on my plate. I didn’t have a handle on class management， and I left each day feeling extremely worn out and defeated. My first year of teaching was spent in learning a new course， developing personalized learning techniques， modifying (修改) lessons，and analyzing data. I knew these were important work， but I also knew that something was not working. I felt disconnected in my classroom and knew I could do better. I looked around and saw that there were some teachers who seemed to just take control of everything and really enjoyed what they were doing. I made a decision. I asked if I could sit in and observe their classes. Over a few months， I observed these teachers around five to seven times， for about 20-30 minutes each time. I also watched the teachers interact with students outside the classroom， on the playground， during lunch breaks， in the hall way， and at gatherings. I paid attention to conversations， comments， and attitudes. I started to see that the highest priority for these teachers was forming relationships with students， and thus everything else would fall into place after that. One teacher played basketball with kids every Friday during lunch breaks. Another sat with kids in the lunchroom a few times throughout the week. There was also a teacher who liked to walk during her lunch breaks and would invite different groups of kids to join her for conversations. I knew I wanted to model myself on these teachers， so I decided to make a change. Making this shift changed me as a teacher， and it noticeably changed the atmosphere in my classroom. I began to feel inspired at school， and I could see that my students were enthusiastic too. They were more prepared to welcome each of my classes ahead. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。在教学的第一年，作者因不懂班级管理而感到沮丧，但通过向有经验的老师学习，作者明白了班级管理的关键是与学生建立关系。作者改变了自己的教学方式，使自己获得了成长。 2 3 1 4 1.How did the author feel during her first year of teaching? A.Frustrated.　　　　　 B.Confused. C.Bored. D.Embarrassed. 答案：A 推理判断题。根据第一段的第一句和最后一句可知，作者在第一年的教学中感到沮丧。 2 3 1 4 2. What did the author do to make a change? A.She observed her students carefully. B.She signed up for a new course quickly. C.She changed her teaching method greatly. D.She learned from experienced teachers. 答案：D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I asked if I could sit in and observe their classes...I paid attention to conversations，comments， and attitudes.”和最后一段的第一句可知，作者通过观察周围的老师，向他们学习经验而做出了改变。 2 3 1 4 2 3 1 4 3.What was probably the key to class management for the author? A.Having meals regularly with students. B.Knowing well about students’ characters. C.Building relationships with her students. D.Researching other teachers’ classes often. 答案：C 细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句可知，作者明白班级管理的关键是与学生建立关系。 2 3 1 4 4.What could be the best title for the text? A.The Way of a New Teacher’s Growth B.The Suffering of My First-year Teaching C.The Relationship Between Students and Me D.The Teaching Method most Commonly Used 答案：A 标题归纳题。本文讲述了作者在第一年的教学中因不懂班级管理而感到沮丧，但通过向有经验的老师学习，作者明白了班级管理的关键是与学生建立关系。作者改变了自己的教学方式，使自己获得了成长。故A项最适合作本文标题。 2 3 1 4 B One school night this month I quietly approached Alexander，my 15-year-old son，and patted him on the cheek in a manner I hoped would seem casual.Alex knew better，sensing by my touch，which remained just a moment too long，that I was sneaking (偷偷地做) a touch of the beard that had begun to grow near his ears.Suddenly he went stormily to his computer screen.That，and an angry look of his eyes，told me more forcefully than words：Mom，you are seen through! I realized I committed a silly behavior：not showing respect for my teenager’s personal space.“The average teenager has strong feelings about his privacy，” said two young women experts.Ms.Frankel and Ms.Fox，both 17，are the authors of Breaking the Code，a new book that seeks to bridge the generational divide between parents and adolescents.It is being promoted by its publisher as the first self-help guide by teenagers for their parents，a kind of Kids Are From Mars，Parents Are From Venus that demystifies the language and actions of teenagers. Personally，I welcomed insights into teenagers from any qualified experts，and that included the authors.The most common missteps in interacting with teenagers，they instructed me，result from the conflict between parents maintaining their right to know what goes on under their roof and teenagers striving to guard their privacy.When a child is younger，they write，every decision centers around the parents.But now，as Ms.Fox told me，“often your teenager is in this circle that doesn’t include you.” Ms.Fox and Ms.Frankel acknowledge that teenagers can be quick to interpret their parents’ remarks as negative or authoritative and respond with aggressiveness that masks their defenselessness.“What we want above all is your approval，” they write.“Don’t forget，no matter how much we act as if we don’t care what you say，we believe the things you say about us.” 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述要想弥合父母和青少年之间的代沟，父母要多了解孩子。 5 6 7 8 5.In the second paragraph，Kids Are From Mars，Parents Are From Venus is mentioned because __________.  A.it disapproves of opinions in Breaking the Code B.it shares the same theme with Breaking the Code C.it employs the same language style as Breaking the Code D.it ranks right after Breaking the Code among self-help guides 答案：B 5 6 7 8 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，《孩子来自火星，父母来自金星》被提到是因为它和《打破密码》都是以弥合父母和青少年之间的代沟为主题的。 5 6 7 8 6.With their book，Ms.Frankel and Ms.Fox __________.  A.declare teenagers’ rights B.remind parents of teenagers’ missteps C.help parents know teenagers better D.arouse much disagreement from the public 答案：C 推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知，Frankel和Fox用她们的书让父母们更好地了解他们的孩子们。 5 6 7 8 7.What often leads to conflicts between parents and teenagers based on the text? A.Teenagers’ defense of their privacy. B.Parents’ striving to instruct teenagers. C.Teenagers’ refusal to follow experts’ advice. D.Parents’ dislike in teenagers’ attitudes to life. 答案：A 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，导致孩子和父母之间的冲突的是孩子想要保护自己的隐私。 5 6 7 8 $$