U1 Period 1 Understanding ideas-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（外研版）

必修第三册 Unit 1　Knowing me，knowing you 【单元知识目标】 重点单词 steam, loose, sink, fault, resolve, strategy, signal, breath, concern, annoyed, adjust, duty, accident, core, ensure, complexity, forgive, criticise, embarrassment, boxing, justify, frank, tear, moreover, independent, apart, fence 重点短语 in a mess, help out, let down, let off steam, be angry with, be sure to do，loose lips sink ships, apologise to, communicate with, move on, take a breath, pull one’s weight, by accident, white lies, tell a lie, protect...from, tell the truth, to what extent, hide...from 单元语法 过去分词(短语)作状语 写作任务 议论文 【单元话题词汇】 Period 1　Understanding ideas—Reading comprehension 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 必备知识 自主探究 课时作业 巩固提升 必备知识 自主探究 Absolute agony①！ Our Agony Aunt answers your questions. Dear Agony Aunt， I’m in a total mess② here—hope you can help me out③！ Part 1　教材原文助读 ①agony/'æɡəni/n.[U，C]痛楚，苦难 ②in a mess 陷入困境 mess n．[C, usually sing.]困境；杂乱 vt.使不整洁 make a mess of (doing) sth.把(做)某事搞得一塌糊涂 mess up 把……弄糟，胡乱地做 messy adj.肮脏的；凌乱的，混乱的 ③help (sb.) out 帮助(某人)摆脱(困境) 深陷痛苦！ 我们的知心阿姨解答你的困惑。 亲爱的知心阿姨： 我现在完全是一团糟——希望您能帮帮我！ I’m 17, and a member of our school basketball team. I’m crazy about④ basketball, and pretty good at it too, which is probably why I was so mad when we lost our last match. We played well, but I felt the team were let down⑤ by one member, our point guard⑥. The point guard is a key player, but it was like he wasn’t even on the court! Disappointed by his behaviour， I said all this to my best friend. I was just letting off steam⑦ really, because I was so angry, but then my friend went and told⑧ everyone else what I’d said. 此处是which 引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代前面的整个主句；该定语从句中含有一个why引导的表语从句，该表语从句中又包含一个 when 引导的时间状语从句。 过去分词短语作原因状语，相当于because I was disappointed by his behaviour。 本句是but连接的并列复合句。but后的分句中包含what引导的宾语从句，作told 的宾语，what 在该从句中作 said的宾语。 ④be crazy about... 狂热爱好……，热衷于…… [同义] be keen on (doing) sth. 热衷于(做)某事 ⑤let down使失望，辜负 ⑥point guard n．[C](球队进攻的)控球后卫，组织后卫 ⑦let off steam 发泄怒火，宣泄情绪 steam/stiːm/n.[U]蒸汽，水蒸气 ⑧go and do sth.(对某人做的蠢事感到愤怒或烦恼)竟然干出某事 我17岁，是我们学校篮球队的一员。我非常热爱篮球，也非常擅长打篮球，或许正因如此，当我们队输了上一场比赛之后我特别生气。我们打得很好，但我感觉整个球队都对一个队员感到失望，(那就是)我们的控球后卫。控球后卫是关键球员，但他却好像根本不在场上似的！我对他的行为感到失望，就把这些都告诉了我最好的朋友。我其实只是发泄一下情绪，因为我太生气了，但是之后我的朋友居然把我说的话告诉了其他所有人。 This is so totally awkward⑨. I’m really angry with my friend—what should I say to him？And should I say anything at all to my teammate? Embarrassed⑩ and ashamed⑪，I can’t concentrate on⑫ anything. Please help! Ben 形容词短语作原因状语，相当于because I am embarrassed and ashamed。 ⑨awkward adj.令人尴尬的，使人难堪的 ⑩embarrassed adj.尴尬的，害羞的 ⑪ashamed adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬 ⑫concentrate on...集中注意力于…… concentrate vt.& vi.集中(注意力)，聚精会神 concentrate one’s mind/attention/energy on... 集中某人的注意力/精力于…… concentration n．[U]专心，专注 [拓展]表示“集中注意力于，专心于”的常见短语还有： focus on, be absorbed/lost in，be buried in/bury oneself in 这太令人难堪了。我很生我朋友的气——我该跟他说什么呢？另外，我该不该跟我的队友说点什么呢？ 我感到既窘迫又羞愧，无法集中注意力做任何事。请帮帮我！ 本 Dear Ben， There is an old American saying, “Loose lips sink ships⑬.” This means that if you speak too much about something, especially to people who you don’t know so well, it’ll cause all kinds of trouble. 本句是一个较复杂的主从复合句。that引导的宾语从句 that...trouble 作主句谓语 means 的宾语；该宾语从句中包含一个if引导的条件状语从句；该条件状语从句中又包含一个who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 people。 ⑬loose lips sink ships 祸从口出 loose/luːs/adj.控制不严的 lip/lIp/n.[C](嘴)唇 sink/sIŋk/vt. 使(船)沉没 亲爱的本： 美国有句老话：“祸从口出。”意思是说，如果你就某事说得太多，尤其是向自己不太了解的人说，就会造成各种麻烦。 The situation here is so much worse because the “loose lips” were your best friend’s.Treated this way, you’re sure to feel hurt—we should always be able to trust those closest to us, and it hurts even more when we find we can’t. 本句中过去分词短语treated this way 作时间状语。closest to us 为形容词短语作后置定语，修饰those。and 后的分句中包含when引导的时间状语从句，该从句中we can’t是省略引导词that 的宾语从句，作find的宾语，can’t 后省略的内容为trust those closest to us。 [语用]本句中的第一个hurt 为形容词，表示“very upset or unhappy because someone has said or done something unkind, dishonest, or unfair”； 第二个hurt在本句中为不及物动词，表示“to make someone feel very upset, unhappy, sad, etc.”。此外，hurt还可作及物动词，表示“to injure yourself or someone else”。 现在的情况要糟糕得多，因为那个“大嘴巴”是你最好的朋友。(当)被这样对待时，你肯定会感到受伤——我们应该总是能够信任那些与我们最亲近的人，当发现我们不能信任(他们)的时候，我们会更伤心。 But I have to say that it’s partly your fault⑭，isn’t it? You admit that you were “letting off steam”. It is understandable⑮ in that situation, but we should always think before we speak⑯. ⑭fault/fɔːlt/n.[U]责任，过错；[C]弱点；故障 find fault with挑……的毛病 ⑮understandable adj.合情理的，可以理解的 [构词法]-able 是一个形容词后缀，意为“可……的，能……的；具有……性质的”。 [学以致用]猜测下面单词的意思： adjustable ________ respectable _______ ⑯think before we speak 我们说话前先想清楚 [类似表达]think twice 但我不得不说，这其中有一部分是你的错，不是吗？你承认你是在“发泄情绪”。在那种情况下这是可以理解的，但我们每次说话前都应该先想清楚。 Here’s what you need to do. First，apologise to your teammate. If you ever want to win any more basketball games (and I’m sure you do！), you need to work together, and that means communicating with each other clearly and resolving⑰conflicts．So have a chat with⑱your teammate. Tell him directly and honestly that you were talking without thinking. 本句使用了全部倒装结构，副词here提前，主语是what引导的主语从句what you need to do。 and连接的两个v.-ing短语并列作means的宾语。 ⑰resolve/rI'zɒlv/vt.解决(问题、困难) ⑱have a chat with...与……聊天 现在你需要这样做。首先，向你的队友道歉。如果你以后想赢得更多的篮球比赛(我确定你想！)，你们需要一起努力，那意味着你们彼此间必须沟通清楚，化解冲突。所以跟你那位队友(好好)聊聊。直接而坦诚地告诉他，你是未经思考说了那些话。 Then, talk to your friend. Friendship should be one of the greatest things in the world, but sometimes it can be difficult. Again, your strategy⑲ is clear communication. Tell your friend you’re angry with him for repeating what you said and making the situation worse, but that you want to move on⑳.Approached㉑ in this way , your friendship will soon be repaired. 本句中but连接了两个并列的宾语从句，均作tell 的宾语，第一个宾语从句为 you’re angry...worse，其前省略了引导词 that，其中包含一个what引导的宾语从句what you said，作repeating 的宾语；第二个宾语从句为 that you...on。当一个动词带有两个或两个以上并列的that 从句作宾语时，第一个that 可以省略，其余的 that 不可省略。 　 过去分词短语作条件状语，相当于if your friendship is approached in this way。 ⑲strategy/'strætədʒi/n.[C]计谋，策略；行动计划 ⑳move on (to sth.) 开始做(别的事)；换话题 ㉑approach vt.熟词生义 着手处理(＝deal with, handle) 然后，跟你的朋友谈谈。友谊应该是世界上最伟大的事物之一，但有时它也会很容易出问题。再一次(强调)，你的策略是进行清楚的沟通。告诉你的朋友，你对他转述你的话让情况变得更糟糕很生气，但是你想(放下此事)继续向前。以这种方式处理的话，你们的友谊很快就能修复。 Thirdly, and perhaps most importantly, think about your own behaviour. Don’t say too much when you’re angry! Filled with anger, you tend to㉒ say whatever comes to your mind㉓. 　This gives people the wrong signal㉔. Take a deep breath㉕， calm down, and always remember: think first, speak later. If you feel one of your teammates isn’t pulling their weight㉖，then raise your concerns in a professional way with㉗ your team coach. 　过去分词短语filled with anger作时间状语，相当于when you are filled with anger。whatever引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语。 ㉒tend to do sth. 往往会做某事 ㉓come to one’s mind 出现在某人的脑海里 ㉔signal/'sIɡn(ə)l/n.[C]信号，暗号 ㉕take a deep breath 深吸一口气 breath/breθ/n.[C]一口气 ㉖[习语]pull one’s weight 做好分内事，尽责 ㉗raise one’s concerns with sb. 向某人提出担忧 concern/kən'sɜːn/n.[C, U]忧虑，担心 第三点，或许也是最重要的一点，反思你自己的行为。生气的时候不要说太多话！满腔怒火的时候，你往往会想到什么就说什么。这会给人们(传递)错误的信号。深呼吸，平静下来，并时刻记住：先思而后言。如果你觉得哪名队友没有尽职尽责，那就以专业的方式向你的球队教练提出你的担忧。 If you think about other people’s feelings as well as your own, you’ll soon find everything works out㉘. Good luck! Agony Aunt ㉘work out (问题)逐渐解决，(复杂情况)逐渐化解；想出；锻炼身体，做运动 如果你像考虑你自己的感受一样考虑别人的感受，很快你就会发现所有问题都能化解。 祝你好运！ 知心阿姨 1．What’s the main idea of the letters? A．Ben is asked to keep silent for his teammate who disappointed him. B．Ben asks Agony Aunt to help him to win his match back. C．Agony Aunt helps Ben out of his relationship problems. D．Agony Aunt tells Ben to apologise to his friend for quarrels. 答案：C Part 2　语篇研析 2．Match the main idea with paragraphs of Letter 2. Para.1　　　 A．The suggestions for Ben to solve the problems. Para.2－3 B．The real cause of making trouble. Para.4－6 C．The common facts of everything. Para.7－8 D．The real cause of Ben’s trouble. 答案：Para.1 B　Para.2－3 D　Para.4－6 A　Para.7－8 C 1．Why did Ben’s team lose the match? A．The members played badly. B．Ben didn’t play well in the match. C．The point guard performed badly. D．The point guard was hurt in the match. 答案：C 2．What put Ben in an awkward situation? A．His letting off steam. B．His team’s losing the match. C．His not concentrating on studying. D．His best friend’s telling what he said to others. 答案：D 3．What does Agony Aunt think of Ben’s behaviour? A．Favorable.　　　　　　　 B．Understandable. C．Opposed. D．Admirable. 答案：B 4．Which example shows the saying “Loose lips sink ships.”？ A．An old man often helps those in trouble. B．What you say may cause a terrible result. C．People admire Tom for his brave behaviour. D．A young man talks to others in a polite manner. 答案：B 1．I was just letting off steam really, because I was so angry, but then my friend went and told everyone else what I’d said. [句式分析]　本句中but连接两个并列分句，第一个分句中的because引导__________从句；第二个分句中的what引导______从句。 [翻译]　_________________________________________________ ________________________________________ 原因状语 宾语 　 　 我其实只是发泄一下情绪，因为我太生气了，但是之后我的朋友居然把我说的话告诉了其他所有人。 2．This means that if you speak too much about something, especially to people who you don’t know so well, it’ll cause all kinds of trouble. [句式分析]　本句为主从复合句。that引导______从句；if引导__________从句；who引导______从句。 [翻译]　_________________________________________________ _______________________________ 宾语 条件状语 定语 　 　 　意思是说，如果你就某事说得太多，尤其是向自己不太了解的人说，就会造成各种麻烦。 3．Tell your friend you’re angry with him for repeating what you said and making the situation worse, but that you want to move on. [句式分析]　本句为主从复合句。what引导______从句；“making the situation worse”为“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构；that引导______从句。 [翻译]　_________________________________________________ __________________________________ 宾语 宾语 　 　 　告诉你的朋友，你对他转述你的话让情况变得更糟糕很生气，但是你想(放下此事)继续向前。 Ben is in an awkward situation and he turns 1.____ Agony Aunt for help.Ben said that he became very angry because his school basketball team lost their last match.He thought that their point guard should be responsible for it.Then Ben told that to his best friend, 2._____, however, told everyone else what he had said.He is in 3.___ total mess now, hoping Agony Aunt can help him out. to who a So Agony Aunt gives Ben some advice.She says that one of the 4.____________ (strategy) is clear communication.Firstly, it is a good idea to apologise to his teammate.If they want to win any more basketball games, they need to work together, which 5._______ (mean) communicating with each other clearly and 6.___________ (resolve) conflicts.Then, he should talk to his friend.Tell his friend that he is angry with him for repeating what he said and making the strategies means resolving situation worse, but that he wants to move on.7.____________ (approach) in that way, his friendship will soon be repaired.Thirdly, and perhaps most 8._____________ (important), Ben should think about 9._____ (he) own behaviour and not say too much when he becomes 10._______ (anger). Approached importantly his angry 课时作业 巩固提升 阅读理解 A I suffered from mental illness and depression when I was younger, which totally affected my teenage years. But after a long struggle, I found a hobby that changed my life. My depression really kicked in after my parents moved to the UK when I was about 11 years old. Having to adjust to life in a foreign country was very difficult. The friends I knew were gone, and the changes in my environment led to my depression. I had problems in many parts of my life, which made it impossible for me to carry on. At that time, I didn’t understand that depression was an illness. I remember a particular day when I couldn’t find enough strength to get myself home from playing in the park—it felt like I was carrying the world on my shoulders. Other times, I even thought about killing myself—I just felt so trapped. I never really reached out for help, as I felt that there wasn’t anyone who could help me out. What turned my life around, however, was my discovery of street dancing. I was introduced to it by a friend, and I started taking classes at a studio in London. After a few weeks, I began to go out and meet a lot of other dancers to practice and train with them on a regular basis. It gave me a purpose, and eventually the happiness I gained from it helped me manage my depression. The dancing helped me get my life back, focus on my studies, and get through university. My advice to anyone who might be going through something like I was is to reach out for help. The thing about life is that it changes, and you never know what might come your way. If someone had said to me during those dark moments that I would go on to achieve the things I have, I wouldn’t have ever believed it. Just take each day as it comes, and remember that there’s always someone, or something, out there to help you. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。作者随父母去英国以后，在生活上遇到了很多困难，患上了抑郁症。后来他学习了街舞，街舞帮助他走出了抑郁。通过自身经历，作者建议人们遇到困难时要向他人求助。 2 3 1 4 1．How did the author deal with his depression at first? A．He turned to his old friends for help. B．He talked about it with his parents. C．He put up with it by himself. D．He read many articles about it. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“I never really reached out for help, as I felt that there wasn’t anyone who could help me out.”可知，起初，作者并没有向别人求助，而是独自忍受了抑郁症的痛苦。故选C。 2 3 1 4 2．How did street dancing benefit the author? A．It helped him find a good job. B．It taught him how to control his emotions perfectly. C．It let him find many true friends. D．It cheered him up and made him feel positive. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段最后两句“It gave me a purpose...focus on my studies, and get through university.”可知，街舞让作者从抑郁症中走了出来，让他的生活恢复了正常，使他专注于学习，并顺利完成了大学学业。故选D。 2 3 1 4 3．What does the author advise people to do when they feel down? A．Always be confident about themselves. B．Find someone or something to rescue them. C．Wait for help to come patiently. D．Accept everything that life throws at them. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“My advice to anyone who might be going through something like I was is to reach out for help.”可知，作者对情绪低落的人提出的建议是找到某人或某物来解救他们。故选B。 2 3 1 4 4．What might the author think of his future? A．Hopeful.　　　　　　　　 B．Fearful. C．Hard. D．Uncertain. 答案：A 2 3 1 4 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者建议我们接受现实，这个世界上总会有帮助你的某人或某物。也就是说，他对未来持积极的态度。hopeful充满希望的；fearful令人恐惧的；hard艰苦的；uncertain不确定的。故选A。 2 3 1 4 B Jeffrey Hall, a teacher from the University of Kansas (KU), has used his research to define (明确) the exact amount of time necessary to make friends with someone. Moreover, he’s found how long it will take to deepen a relationship. His new study found that it takes around 50 hours of time together to go from being someone’s acquaintance (泛泛之交) to casual (感情不深的) friends. It takes about 90 hours to go from being casual friends to friends, and more than 200 hours before considering someone a close friend or best friend. But it isn’t spending just any kind of time together that deepens a friendship—hours spent working together, for example, don’t count as much as hours spent getting to know someone by hanging out, joking around, playing video games, and doing more playful activities. The study explains that these kinds of activities help us to form a deeper connection with someone. “We have to put that time in，” Hall said. “You can’t make a friend without any effort.” The results of the study come from analysis of 355 responses to an online survey from adults who said they had moved in the last six months and were looking for new friends in their new homes. Survey participants were asked about new relationships as well as hours spent together and activities they did. They were then asked to rate their resulting relationships according to one of four stages: acquaintances, casual friends, friends and close friends. The main conclusion that Hall came to is that making close friends takes serious effort.So if you want to have some best friends, you have to know that spending time with someone is the most important thing. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，交朋友和加深友谊都需要相应的时间投入及认真的付出。 5 6 7 8 5．How long does it take to turn an acquaintance into a friend? A．About 50 hours. B．About 90 hours. C．About 140 hours. D．About 200 hours. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的“it takes around 50 hours of time together to go from being someone’s acquaintance to casual friends. It takes about 90 hours to go from being casual friends to friends”可知，把一个泛泛之交变成真正的朋友需要大约140个小时的相处时间，故C项正确。 5 6 7 8 6．What does the underlined part “that time” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Time spent working together. B．Time spent finding new friends. C．Time spent helping a new friend. D．Time spent doing fun things together. 答案：D 5 6 7 8 解析：词义猜测题。由上文中的“...hours spent working together, for example...form a deeper connection with someone.”可知，花在一起工作上的时间就比不上花在一起玩、开玩笑、玩电子游戏和做更有趣的活动上的时间。该研究解释说，这些活动有助于我们与他人形成更深层次的联系。由此可知，that time指的是朋友们在一起做有趣的事情的时间，故D项正确。 5 6 7 8 7．Which can help deepen a friendship according to the study? A．Trying to understand your friend’s feelings. B．Enjoying quality time with your friend. C．Treating a new friend like a close one. D．Being frank with your friend. 答案：B 5 6 7 8 解析：细节理解题。由第二段和最后一段中的“you have to know that spending time with someone is the most important thing”可知，这项研究告诉我们，多花一点儿时间与朋友一起做些有意思的事情有助于增进友谊。故选B项。 5 6 7 8 8．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To solve a relationship problem. B．To introduce a teacher from KU. C．To present the findings of a new study. D．To discuss the importance of friendship. 答案：C 5 6 7 8 解析：写作目的题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一项新的研究成果，即交朋友以及加深友谊都需要相应的时间投入及认真的付出。故选C项。 5 6 7 8 $$