U2 Period 2 Starting out & Understanding ideas-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（外研版）

必修第三册 Unit 2　Making a difference Period 2　Starting out & Understanding ideas—Language points 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 进阶提升 写作微练 课时作业 巩固提升 课堂检测 素养达标 词汇识记 Ⅰ.核心单词 1．contribution n．贡献(→contribute vi.& vt.是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献) contribute to促成，造成 make a contribution/contributions to为……做贡献 To our sadness，large amounts of pressure contributed to his bad health. 让我们难过的是，巨大的压力导致了他的健康状况不佳。 As far as I am concerned，we should spare no effort to make contributions to the ocean protection. 我认为我们应该不遗余力地为海洋保护做贡献。 2．relief n．减轻，缓解(→relieve vt.减轻，缓解) Learning the lost kids returned safe and sound，all people sighed in relief. 得知迷路的孩子们平安归来，所有人都松了一口气。 I advised him to take some painkillers to relieve him of the toothache. 我建议他吃些止痛药来缓解牙痛。 3．shortage n．短缺，不足，缺乏(→short adj.短的；矮的；缺乏的；简洁的→shortly adv.不久；马上) In short，the shortage of an internal sense of duty caused their failure in the project. 总之，内部责任感的缺失导致了他们在项目中的失败。 4．internal adj.内部的(→external adj.外来的，外在的；外面的，外部的) A combination of internal and external factors contributed to the company’s close-down. 内外因结合导致了这家公司的倒闭。 5．effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的(→effect n．影响；结果；效果→effectively adv.有效地) Moreover，these effective measures affect me greatly and in other words，they have a great effect on me. 此外，这些有效的措施对我影响很大，换句话说，它们对我有很大的影响。 6．fund v．为……提供资金，资助 n．基金；(pl.)资金 The university has funded a number of student exchange programs. 该大学资助了多项学生交流项目。 7．recycle v．再利用，回收利用 Some products can be recycled at the end of their useful life. 有些产品过了有效使用年限后是可以回收再利用的。 8．earn v．挣(钱) (→earnings n．薪水；工资；收入) earn one’s living谋生 He who earns a modest salary has donated all his earnings to the people in need，which earns him great fame and respect. 收入微薄的他把所有收入都捐给了需要帮助的人，这为他赢得了巨大的声誉和尊重。 9．donate v．捐赠，捐献(→donation n．捐献→donor n．捐赠者) donate sth. to...向……捐赠某物 make a donation to...向……捐赠 I want to donate the money I earned from my part-time jobs to the foundation. 我想把我从兼职工作中挣来的钱捐给这个基金会。 The school received a large donation，but didn’t know who was the donor. 这个学校收到了一大笔捐款，但不知道谁是捐款人。 10．insight n．顿悟，猛醒；洞察力 This is a book full of profound，original and challenging insights. 这是一本充满深刻、原创和具有挑战性的见解的书。 11．reality n．真实，现实 in reality事实上，实际上 In reality，what annoyed me most was that my son refused to face reality. 实际上，最让我生气的是我儿子拒绝面对现实。 12. extend v．持续；延伸；提供，给予(→extension n．进修课；扩大，延伸；电话分机→extensive adj.广阔的；大规模的；广泛的) Our country is building an extension to the expressway line，which will extend to Xizang. 我们国家正在扩建这条将延伸到西藏的高速线。 I’d like to extend my heartfelt gratitude to my teachers，who have done so much for us over the years. 我要由衷感谢这些年来为我们做了很多的老师。 13．mission n．职责；使命 We are extending our admiration and respect to these astronauts who are conducting missions on the moon. 我们向这些在月球上执行任务的航天员表示钦佩和敬意。 14．disease n．疾病，病 After a thorough physical examination，he was diagnosed with a rare disease. 经过全面的体检，他被诊断患了一种罕见的疾病。 15. disability n．残疾，残障(→disabled adj.有残疾的，丧失能力的) It is likely that physical disability will restrict the disabled to a limited job choice. 身体残疾很可能会限制残障人士选择有限的工作。 16．territory n．地区，地方 They live in a territory where women are in the majority. 她们生活在一个妇女占多数的地区。 17. sensitive adj.敏感的，容易生气的(→sense n．感觉官能；感觉；意识；意义 vt.感觉到；觉察到→sensible adj.可觉察的；合情理的) be sensitive to...对……敏感 make sense of理解，弄懂 Don’t be so sensitive and I am not criticizing you. 别那么敏感，我不是在批评你。 Having a sense of humour，he can make sense of the joke without difficulty. 他有幽默感，能毫不费力地理解这个笑话。 He is sensitive to other people’s feelings，so he can sense what they are thinking and make sensible choices to help them. 他很能体谅其他人的情感，所以他能感觉到他们在想什么，并做出明智的选择来帮助他们。 18. generous adj.慷慨的，大方的(→generously adv.慷慨地；宽大地；丰盛地→generosity n．慷慨；大方；宽宏大量) It is with your generous help that I gradually make progress in my English. 正是在你的慷慨帮助下，我才逐渐在英语上取得进步。 These charities count on the compassionate feelings and generosity of the general public. 这些慈善团体依赖于公众的怜悯之心和慷慨解囊。 19．hesitate v．迟疑，犹豫(→hesitation n．犹豫；疑虑→hesitant adj.犹豫的；踌躇的) without hesitation毫不犹豫 Whenever you are in trouble，never hesitate to turn to me for help. 无论你何时遇到困难，都要毫不犹豫地向我寻求帮助。 Each time I was in trouble，my partner would come to my assistance without hesitation. 每次我遇到麻烦时，我的搭档都会毫不犹豫地来帮助我。 20．institution n．机构，团体；制度[→institute n．(教育、专业等)机构；机构建筑] The old-fashioned institutions in the public institution urgently need improving. 事业单位中的陈旧制度亟待改进。 Individuals can sign up for self-study courses in the university’s language institute with the objective of strengthening their language ability. 个人可以报名参加大学语言学院的自学课程，以加强他们的语言能力。 21．assistance n．帮助，援助(→assist vt.帮助；协助→assistant n．助手，助理；助教) I am writing to apply to be your teaching assistant.For one thing，I have a good command of English，thus having the capacity to assist you with your teaching.For another，whenever my classmates are in trouble，I am willing to come to their assistance.So you can bank on it that I am fully qualified for it. 我写信申请成为你的助教。首先，我的英语掌握得很好，因此有能力协助你教学。另一方面，每当我的同学遇到麻烦时，我都愿意帮助他们。所以你可以相信我完全有资格做这件事。 22. registration n．登记，注册(→register vt.& vi.登记；注册) register for登记，注册 In China，new couples should register for marriage，and the one without registration is not recognized by law. 在中国，新人应该登记结婚，没有登记的人是不被法律承认的。 23．confirmation n．证实，证明(→confirm v．证实，证明→confirmed adj.成习惯的，根深蒂固的) The confirmation of your application for the job is the first stage to make you one of their employees. 确认你的求职申请是让你成为他们员工的第一步。 Ⅱ.阅读词汇 1．fountain n．喷水池 2．foundation n．基金会 3．perseverance n．不屈不挠，坚持不懈 4．cancer n．癌症 5．royal adj.王室的，皇家的 默写练习 【限时：10分钟】 Ⅰ.默写重点单词 1．______ v．为……提供基金，资助 2．_________ v．再利用，回收利用 3．______ v．挣(钱) 4．_________ n．顿悟，猛醒 fund recycle earn insight 5．_________ n．职责，使命 6．_________ n．疾病，病 7．contribute v．贡献→______________ n．贡献 8．relief n．减轻，缓解→_______vt.减轻；解除(痛苦、忧愁等) 9．short adj.短的；短暂的；短缺的→__________ n．短缺，不足，缺乏 mission disease contribution relieve shortage 10．effect n．效果；影响→___________ adj.有效的，产生预期效果的 11．donate v．捐赠，捐献→__________ n．捐赠，捐献→________n．捐献者；捐赠者 12．real adj.真的→_________ n．真实，现实→________ adv.真正地；实际上 13．extend v．持续；延伸→___________ n．延伸；扩大 14．disabled adj.伤残的→____________ n．残疾，残障 effective donation donor reality really extension disability 15．sense n．感觉官能；意识 vt.感觉到，意识到→___________ adj.敏感的，容易生气的→__________ adj.明智的；合理的 16．generous adj.慷慨的，大方的→____________ n．慷慨；大方 17．hesitate v．迟疑，犹豫→__________ n．犹豫；踌躇 18．assist vt.帮助；协助；援助→____________ n．帮助，援助→___________ n．助手；助理；售货员 19．register v．登记；注册→______________ n．登记，注册 20．confirm vt.证实；认可；确定→____________ n．证实，证明 sensitive sensible generosity hesitation assistance assistant registration confirmation Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water __________ (short). 2．In my opinion, go outdoors and play team games with your friends as physical exercise, which is an ___________ (effect) way to get rid of anger. 3．A large amount of __________ (donate) has been raised to help people suffering from the rare disease. shortage effective donation 4．As far as we are concerned，Yuan Longping has made outstanding _______________ (contribute) to the whole world. 5．We all breathed a sigh of ________ (relieve) when the news came that no one was injured in the accident. contributions relief Ⅲ.默写核心短语 1．_____________往对面看 2．__________________挣钱 3．__________出席；在场 4．__________________突然笑起来 5．__________建立 6．______________从……之中获益 7．_________________________使某人梦想成真 8．__________________ 起作用；产生影响 look across earn/make money turn out break into a smile set up benefit from make one’s dream a reality make a difference Ⅳ.选词填空 从核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子 1．I really ________ a lot ______ my reading habits. Reading makes me a wise man and also helps me with my studies. 2．With all the efforts, the result of the experiment did not ________ to be the way the researchers had expected. 3．Acts of kindness，however small，will ____________________ to other people’s lives. So don’t hesitate to show your kindness! benefit from turn out make a difference 4．So far, the local government _______________ three new schools for the peasant workers’ children. 5．She used to love writing, so she decided to write some articles for magazines to ___________________． has set up make/earn money 词汇精研 1.contribution n.贡献；捐款；稿件；捐助 [教材原句] the contribution these people made to society 这些人对社会做出的贡献 (1)make a contribution to...为……做贡献 (2)contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助；有助于；投稿 contribute...to...把……贡献给…… contribute to...导致……；向……投稿；有助于…… [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2024·浙江1月卷)Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute ____ online discussion boards. to ②(译林必修3U4)Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize, awarded for her ____________ (contribute) to the fight against malaria, one of the deadliest diseases in human history. ③把小事做好有助于增强我们的自信心，并帮助我们迎接未来更大的挑战。 Doing small things well ____________________________________ and helping us meet bigger challenges in the future.(续写佳句之主旨升华) contribution contributes to building up our confidence 2.relief n.减轻，缓解 [教材原句] The amount of relief and comfort experienced by the sick after the skin has been carefully washed and dried, is one of the commonest observations made at a sick bed. 在病人的皮肤被仔细地清洗和擦干之后，病人所感受到的放松和舒适是在病床上最常见的现象之一。 (1)with/in relief宽慰地；如释重负 breathe a sigh of relief松了一口气 much to one’s relief令某人非常宽慰的是 It is a relief to do sth.做某事令人欣慰。 (2)relieve vt.减轻(痛苦、焦虑) relieve sb. of...帮助某人减轻……(负担) [即学即练]——单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子 ①With all the problems resolved, he went home __________ relief, feeling a sense of accomplishment and peace. ②(译林选必1U1) One mouthful of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots，giving us the “taste of home” that we cry out for and ___________ (relieve) feelings of homesickness. ③_______________ (令我们感到宽慰的是), the heavy rain stopped just before the outdoor event was supposed to start. in/with relieving To our relief ④到达目的地后，爱丽丝松了一口气，知道自己成功地完成了她为自己设定的具有挑战性的任务。 Reaching her destination，Alice _____________________, knowing that she had successfully completed the challenging task she had set for herself.(读后续写之心理描写) breathed a sigh of relief 3.earn v.挣(钱)，挣得；博得，赢得 [教材原句] At first, his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa. 起初，他的计划是赚钱，然后在非洲某个地方打一口井。 (1)earn one’s/a living (by...)(靠……)维持生计 earn/make money赚钱 (2)earn sb. sth.为某人赢得/博得某物 earn fame/a reputation赢得名声 earn the respect/trust of sb.赢得某人的尊敬/信任 [即学即练]——补全句子 ①These programmes will open up markets for farmers and give them a better opportunity _____________________ (挣钱). ②(人教必修3U3)To _____________ (谋生)，some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown. ③She devoted herself entirely to her research and it ______________ ______________________ (为她赢得好名声) in her field.(应用文佳句之写人) to make/earn money earn a living earned her good fame/a good reputation 4.turn out 出席，参加；证明是，结果是；生产，制造 [教材原句] He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him. 他还看到数百名兴高采烈的学生出来迎接他。 (1)turn out (to be)...结果是…… It turns out that...结果是……，证明是…… (2)turn on/off打开/关掉 turn down关小；拒绝 turn in上交 turn up出现；到场；调高(音量等) turn to转向；求助于 turn around/round转身；(使)好转 [即学即练]——单句语法填空 ①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned ________, and looked at me with a big smile on his face.(续写佳句之动作描写) ②(人教选必3U4) However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me ______ because he thought I was too young and wasn’t qualified. around down ③I thought she was just a stranger, but it turned _____ that she was a friend of my sister.(续写佳句之细节描写) ④(译林必修3U3) In the time it takes to find one book in the library, we can use a search engine to bring up millions of results. No wonder the Internet has now become the first place that the majority of people turn ____ for information. out to 5.make a difference 有影响；起(重要)作用 [教材原句] He really had made a difference for these children. 他真的给这些孩子带来了改变。 (1)make some/no/little difference (to...)(对……)有些/没有/几乎没有作用或影响 It makes a difference(to sb.)＋wh-从句……(对某人来说)有影响/有关系。 (2)tell the difference between...and... 区分……与……的差别 [即学即练]——补全句子/完成句子 ①The twins are so alike; it’s difficult to ________________________ _______ (区分他们之间的不同). tell the difference between them ②—Can he see the building clearly on the foggy day? —_____________________________ (对他来说没有影响) whether it’s foggy or not, because he is blind. ③有时仅仅一点善举也很有意义，让世界变得更加美丽、和谐。 Sometimes _____________________________________________，making the world more beautiful and harmonious. (续写佳句之主旨升华) It makes no difference to him only a little kindness can make a great difference 6.break into a smile 突然笑起来 [教材原句] He broke into a joyful smile. 他突然开心地笑了起来。 break into强行闯入；突然……起来 break down出故障；垮掉 break up拆散；分裂；分解；结束；分手 break in强行进入；插嘴 break out爆发；突然发生 break through突破 break away from脱离；摆脱 [即学即练]——用break的相关短语填空/完成句子 ①(译林必修3U1) When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps ______________ its body and return the nutrients to the earth. ②(译林选必3U4) In some conflict areas where civil wars often __________, fighters have even destroyed heritage sites on purpose. break down break out ③(人教必修2U4) Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland __________________ the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today. ④我非常希望你能考虑我的建议，尽快远离电脑游戏。 I strongly hope that you can consider my suggestion and __________ ___________________________________. (应用文佳句之建议信) broke away from break away from computer games as soon as possible [温馨提示]　break in和break into都有“闯入”的意思。break in为不及物动词短语，其后不跟宾语；break into为及物动词短语，其后可以跟宾语。 7.reality n.真实，现实；事实 [教材原句] This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality. 这种顿悟源于一个态度坚定的6岁男孩，他有勇气和毅力实现自己的梦想。 (1)in reality实际上 become a reality变成现实 turn...into a reality把……变成现实 make one’s dream a reality使某人梦想成真 (2)real adj.真实的 really adv.事实上，真正地 realistic adj.现实的，实事求是的 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/补全句子 ①Only those who accept this _________ (real) can lead a ________ (real) full life in our daily life. ②_____________ (实际上), different students have different learning habits, which I think influence their learning efficiency greatly. ③(译林选必2U4)The dream of AI has been around for centuries, and the development of computers since the 1940s has finally __________ ________ (使之成为现实). reality really In reality made it a reality 句式剖析 “not...but...”意为“不是……而是……” [教材原句] Now, as an adult, Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don’t I help？”， but “How can I help today？”． 现在，作为一个成年人，瑞安说要问的问题不是“为什么我不去帮助(别人)？”，而是“今天我该如何帮助(别人)？”。 (1)“not...but...”连接两个并列的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则，即要与邻近的主语保持一致。 (2)与“not...but...”用法类似且同样遵循就近原则的结构还有： neither...nor...既不……也不…… not only...but (also)...不但……而且…… either...or...或者……或者…… [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(北师大必修3U8) The new “white bikes” were not actually white _____ painted in bright colours. ②Neither the experts nor the physician ____ (be) able to solve this difficult problem, despite their extensive knowledge and experience in their respective fields. but is ③我的父母和我都讲一口流利的英语，这使我们能与外宾顺畅地沟通。 ______________________________________________，making us communicate with foreign guests smoothly.(应用文佳句之申请信) Not only my parents but (also) I speak English fluently 进阶提升 写作微练 课文词汇 1．make a difference有影响，有作用 2．give up放弃 3．be determined to help other children have clean water下定决心帮助其他孩子获得干净的水 4．be grateful to sb.感激某人 5．break into a joyful smile露出了高兴的笑容 6．make one’s dream a reality实现某人的梦想 优秀品质和社会责任描写 补充词汇 7．be responsible for对……负责 8．be concerned about担心/关切…… 9．be ready to help sb.out随时准备帮助某人摆脱困境 10．reach out to...向……提供帮助 11．inspire sb. to do sth.激励某人做某事 课本原句 1．At first，his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa. 起初，他的计划是赚钱，然后在非洲某个地方打一口井。 2．Two thousand dollars was a lot of money, but Ryan didn’t give up. He was determined to help other children have clean water. 2 000美元可不是一笔小数目，但是瑞安没有放弃。他下定决心要帮助其他孩子获得干净的水。 3．Later, Ryan’s experience led him to set up a foundation to encourage more people to help. 后来，这段经历促使瑞安建立了一个基金会，以鼓励更多的人伸出援手。 其他表达 4．In his spare time, he would work as a volunteer, helping people in need. 在空闲时间里，他会做志愿者去帮助有需要的人。 5．Born into a poor family, he studied hard and went to college, after which he chose to return to his hometown to help more children. 出生于贫苦家庭的他努力学习并考上了大学，之后他选择回到家乡帮助更多的孩子们。 6．No matter what difficulties he encounters, he believes that he has the courage and confidence to overcome them. 无论遇到什么困难，他都相信自己有勇气和信心去克服它们。 1．从那天起，每次我遇到需要帮助的人，我都会向他们施以援手，希望把我得到的善意传递下去。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ From that day on, every time I meet someone who needs help，I always reach out to them, hoping to pass on the kindness offered to me. 2．从这次经历中，我充分意识到作为一名医生的责任和巨大的价值，因此，这激励了我继续追求自己的梦想。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ From this experience, I was fully aware of the responsibility and great value as a doctor, which, therefore, inspired me to continue to pursue my dream. 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The _______ (短缺) of skilled staff is one of the main reasons for the company’s decreased productivity and inability to meet customers’ demand. 2．Many people have _________ (捐献) books to the school library, greatly enriching the students’ reading resources. 3．The project would give scientists new _________ (深刻见解) into what is happening to the earth’s atmosphere. shortage donated insights 4．Marie Curie made great ____________ (贡献) to the development of science, but money and reputation made no sense to her. 5．To be frank, it is a great ______ (宽慰) to have the task completed in such a short time, especially given the complexity and urgency of the task. 6．With the advancement of technology, the dream of space travel has finally become a _________ (现实). contributions relief reality Ⅱ.完成句子 1．欠发达国家最需要的不是钱而是先进的技术。 What less developed countries need most is _____________________ ___________． 2．有了这项新技术，今年这家汽车制造厂一周生产九百辆电动汽车。 With the new technology, the car factory _______________________ a week this year. not money but advanced technology turns out 900 electric cars 3．我相信大家都会从这个活动中获益良多。 I am sure that everyone will __________________________． 4．说实话，虽然他学了几年英语，但他与当地人交流仍然有困难。 To be frank, although he had learnt English for several years, he still ____________________________ with the local people. benefit a lot from this activity had trouble (in) communicating 5．这个小女孩看到她的生日礼物，突然笑了起来。 The little girl saw her birthday presents and _________________． broke into a smile 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．We should face the _________ (real) bravely that life is full of challenges and difficulties, and only by accepting and overcoming them can we truly achieve personal growth. 2．She got her first science fiction published, which turned _____ to be a great success, and since then, she has been a rising star in the literary world. reality out 3．It is disappointing that the research has to be abandoned because of the __________ (short) of money. 4．Though _________ (earn) a little money, the old man regularly made a _________ (donate) to the local school, showing his deep commitment to education. 5．The China International Search and Rescue Team has brought help and hope to people in disasters around the world since it was set ____ in 2001. shortage earning donation up 6．Any little thing we do as individuals, no matter how seemingly insignificant, will make a ____________ (different) to protecting the environment and contribute to a healthier planet for future generations. 7．Adopting ___________ (effect) ways to manage stress can help individuals maintain a healthy work-life balance and improve their overall quality of life. 8．____ his parents’ relief, the boy soon recovered from his illness and was able to return to his normal life. difference effective To 9．If everyone can make a ______________ (contribute) to our earth, our surroundings will be better and better. 10．Kids can benefit ______ having access to a large number of learning materials and reading on a regular basis. contribution from Ⅱ.完成句子 1．重要的不是你说了什么，而是你将要做什么。(not...but...) It is ___________________________________ that makes a difference. 2．下面是三位读者对我们杂志的描述，他们分享了有关春节的经历和看法。 (“介词＋关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句) Here are three readers’ accounts to our magazine，_________________ ___________________________________________________． not what you have said but what you will do in which the readers shared their experiences and views about the Spring Festival 3．修理这部坏掉的手机将花费你500美元，你或许可以考虑买一部新的。(cost) ______________________________________, and you might consider getting a new one instead. 4．她眼睛紧盯着屏幕，不想错过任何一个细节。(keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语) She ____________________ on the screen, not wanting to miss a single detail. It will cost you $500 to repair the broken phone kept her eyes fixed 5．如果你入睡有困难，听轻柔的音乐可能会帮助你入睡。(have trouble in doing) ________________________________, listening to soft music may help you sleep. If you have trouble in falling asleep Ⅲ.阅读理解 When you buy something for yourself, you probably spend hours shopping around for the best deal on the highest quality product. Some of you may even desire to know how a brand operates as a company. However, when we donate money to one of the countless charities out there, most of us don’t conduct such research. We have absolutely no idea about where that money goes, what it buys or who it helps. At least that is the case for the majority of charities. Perhaps you should start to take a greater interest in the winding path that your charitable donations take, because many of them may lead to dead ends. You really should ask the question: Will my donation to this charity actually help the people or cause? Sometimes it makes matters worse. For example, many charities help African people install water pumps to deliver clean water to their communities. Money has been invested over the past 20 years to install a total of 60，000 pumps across sub-Saharan Africa. However, today 40% of those have failed to work at some point. They have been left there, like expensive but useless decorations. One of the least effective means of giving is when a charity sends endless shipping containers full of material goods to underdeveloped nations. For instance, Kenya imports more than 100，000 tons of clothes from global charities each year. The issue is that these mountains of regularly imported clothes have completely destroyed local textile industries, which have previously supported local economies. Ultimately, to whom and how much you give is your choice. It is important to provide highly specialized services instead of material goods. As a general rule of thumb, the more your donation matches the need of the receivers, the better it will be for the long-term prosperity of those you want to help. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了慈善捐助应该符合被捐赠者的需求，这样才算真正有帮助的捐助。 1．What do most people do when they donate? A．They keep track of their donations. B．They neglect the process of charities. C．They select products of highest quality. D．They do research on application of funds. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“We have absolutely no idea about where that money goes, what it buys or who it helps. At least that is the case for the majority of charities.”可知，许多人捐款的时候并没有研究捐的钱去了哪里，买了什么，帮了谁等这些问题，即忽视了慈善的过程。 2 3 1 4 2．Why is the example of water pumps mentioned in paragraph 2? A．To stress effective giving. B．To illustrate a faulty investment. C．To confirm a charitable failure. D．To complain the pumps’ quality. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“Will my donation to this charity actually help the people or cause? Sometimes it makes matters worse.”可知，慈善机构的捐款有时会让事情变得更糟，紧接着下文列举了慈善机构帮助非洲人安装水泵的例子，是为了证实有些慈善捐款是失败的。 2 3 1 4 3．Which view will the author most probably agree with? A．Donations should meet local demands. B．Ineffective charities must be abandoned. C．Material goods can boost textile industry. D．Specialized services turn out satisfactory. 答案：A 2 3 1 4 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“As a general rule of thumb, the more your donation matches the need of the receivers, the better it will be for the long-term prosperity of those you want to help.”可知，在作者看来，捐款应该满足被捐赠者的需求。 2 3 1 4 4．Which is the best title for the text? A．Has Your Donation Hit a Dead End? B．Why Should You Make a Donation? C．Where Does My Donation Take Its Way? D．Will My Donation to Charity really Help? 答案：D 2 3 1 4 解析：标题归纳题。文章主要论述了慈善捐助应该符合被捐赠者的需求并以此展开讨论。D选项“我的捐款真的有用吗？”符合文章大意。 2 3 1 4 Ⅳ.完形填空 Soon after my arrival in Luanda, I realised that I was going to have some free time available. I decided to spend it doing something useful and involving (参与) in the 1 community. I started my search for volunteering opportunities here and a blog post 2 my eye. It was Ashima’s 3 on how she started her volunteering 4 in Luanda.Ashima has been volunteering at the Foundation for Art and Culture for more than a year. I decided to get in touch with them and soon after I got a very warm and welcoming 5 inviting me to the foundation.The next day as I 6 into the foundation, little did I know it would become such a(n) 7 part of my life in Luanda. I was a bit hesitant at first as I had never worked with children before and my Portuguese (葡萄牙语) then was much 8 than now. But as I slowly started doing some activities with children, there were not any 9 . All that you needed was a heart full of love and everyone 10 the language of love. I found plenty of 11 to do with kids, keeping them busy and having fun. Together we played, sang, learnt new things, 12 new games and reinvented the old.The children coming to the foundation are wonderful, and full of 13 and energy.It is a beautiful place with wonderful projects. Without doubt it is the best 14 I could have found in Luanda，and I am very happy to go there as often as I can. The staff 15 there really make you feel welcome and at home. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在罗安达一个基金会从事志愿者工作的经历，这成为作者在罗安达生活中的美好回忆。 1．A.foreign　　　　　　　　 B．good C．whole D．local 答案：D 解析：根据语境可知，作者来到罗安达后有一些闲暇时间，因此积极融入当地的(local)社区。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2．A.hurt B．fogged C．caught D．escaped 答案：C 解析：根据语境可知，此处指一篇博客帖子吸引(catch)了作者的注意。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 3．A.post B．opinion C．appearance D．plan 答案：A 解析：根据上文a blog post可知，作者看到的是Ashima在网上发的帖子(post)。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 4．A.business B．journey C．dream D．reality 答案：B 解析：根据下文的“Ashima has been volunteering at the Foundation for Art and Culture for more than a year.”可知，这是关于Ashima在罗安达志愿服务之旅(journey)的帖子。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 5．A.sense B．response C．respect D．importance 答案：B 解析：根据下文“inviting me to the foundation”可知，作者在与基金会取得联系后得到了回复(response)。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6．A.walked B．ran C．broke D．turned 答案：A 解析：根据上文可知，基金会对作者发出了邀请，因此作者第二天走进(walk)了基金会。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7．A.genuine B．short C．effective D．beautiful 答案：D 解析：根据下文的“It is a beautiful place with wonderful projects.”可知，在基金会的经历成为作者在罗安达生活中的美好的(beautiful)一部分。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 8．A.slower B．easier C．poorer D．less 答案：C 解析：根据上文的“I was a bit hesitant”可知，作者有些犹豫，这说明作者当时的葡萄牙语与现在相比较差(poorer)。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9．A.conversations B．languages C．methods D．troubles 答案：D 解析：根据上下文可知，作者起初有些犹豫，因为之前没有做过与孩子有关的工作且葡萄牙语讲得不好，但随着时间的推移，作者不再有这些麻烦(trouble)。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 10．A.spoke B．learnt C．introduced D．heard 答案：A 解析：根据语境可知，此处指人们都说(speak)爱的语言。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 11．A.jobs B．activities C．courses D．researches 答案：B 解析：根据上文的“doing some activities with children”和下文的“Together we played, sang, learnt new things”可知，作者为孩子们找到了大量的活动(activity)，可以让他们玩得开心。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 12．A.taught B．appreciated C．created D．bought 答案：C 解析：根据下文new games和reinvented the old可知，此处指创造(create)新的游戏。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13．A.love B．opinion C．surprise D．faith 答案：A 解析：根据上文的“All that you needed was a heart full of love and everyone 10 the language of love.”可知，从事志愿者工作的人们心中充满爱，那么来到这里的孩子内心也会充满爱(love)。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14．A.chance B．company C．place D．way 答案：C 解析：根据上文的“It is a beautiful place with wonderful projects.”可知，作者觉得这个基金会是自己在罗安达能找到的最好的地方(place)。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 15．A.competing B．arriving C．appearing D．working 答案：D 解析：根据语境可知，此处指在那里工作(work)的(基金会的)员工真的会让你觉得宾至如归。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 $$