U8 Period 6 (2)：Verbs or Nouns (一词多性)-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（北师大版）

必修第三册 UNIT 8　GREEN LIVING Period 6　Focus on Language 单元语法(2)：Verbs or Nouns (一词多性) 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 课时作业 巩固提升 课堂检测 素养达标 核心语法 专项突破 核心语法 专项突破 [语法体会] ①Parents and children should communicate more to narrow the gap between them so that they can understand each other better. ②Please note that this bill must be paid within 10 days. ③While nursing her ill elder sister throughout the years, she discovered she had an interest in medicine. ④I would like to picture my future life in ten years. 自我探究： ①为形容词转化为______；②③④均为名词转化为______。 动词 动词 [知识精要] 一词多性是英语词汇含义变化的基本特征，是指通过改变一些词，尤其是一些熟词的词性而发生意义的变化。英语中一词多性的单词有很多，如： 1．address n．地址 vt.写地址；发表(演说) He will address his speech at 3：00 p．m. 他将在下午3点发表演讲。 2．arrest n．& vt.逮捕 vt.吸引 The loud noise arrested our attention. 巨大的噪声引起了我们的注意。 3．back prep.后面n.后背 vt.支持 Her parents backed her in her choice of career. 她父母支持她的职业选择。 4．better adj.较好的 adv.较好地 vt.改善；优化 A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information. 提高你的评估能力的关键第一步是仔细查看你的健康信息来源。 5．bridge n．桥 vt.消除隔阂 Both parents and teenagers must try to bridge the generation gap between them. 父母和青少年双方必须尽力消除他们之间的代沟。 课堂检测 素养达标 写出下列句中黑体词的词性及含义 1．She coached me in playing football.___________ 2．He was excused from piano practice.___________ 3．The man will get a fine if he parks the car there.__________ 4．As we know, the song was a hit at that time.__________________ 5．She matched the carpet with some very nice curtains in colour. ___________ vt.指导 vt.免除 n.罚款 n.很受欢迎的事物 vt.匹配 6．It’s hard to measure his ability when we haven’t seen his work. ____________ 7．Can you break the one hundred-dollar bill and give me some change? ___________ 8．Having been cheated in a business deal, he was reduced to nothing.___________ vt.判定 n.零钱 n.交易 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．It is widely known that the Internet has many advantages.It keeps us _________ (inform) of the latest news, and also provides entertainment. 2．___________ (infer) from the conversation, we can tell that the boy doesn’t want to go to France. 3．She threw the toy on the ground, _________ (break) it into pieces. informed Inferring breaking 4．Nowadays family members are often found ________ (bury) in their own smartphones. 5．I would run around the house, listening to the adults __________ (chat) about their year. 6．With his attention _________ (focus) on his games, he didn’t notice his mother coming into the study with a cup of water in her hands. buried chatting focused 7．With colorful lights __________ (attach) to the windows, the house was ready for the festive atmosphere of the New Year’s Eve celebration. 8．He sat on the bench, with one of his legs __________ (swing) from side to side. 9．__________ (compare) with previous studies，she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting. 10．________ (see) the main characters come on stage, I was surprised! The costumes and masks were amazing. attached swinging Compared Seeing Ⅱ.单句写作 1．令玛丽吃惊的是，她发现房间昨天已经被孩子们打扫过了。 To her surprise，____________________________________________. 2．这个中心给学生提供了各种各样的课程，包括从书法到舞蹈。 The centre provides students with all sorts of courses, _______________ __________________． Mary found the room cleaned up by the kids yesterday ranging from calligraphy to dance 3．演讲深深地激励了他，他决定追求成为一名科学家的梦想。 _____________________________, he decided to pursue his dream of becoming a scientist. 4．孩子们躺在草地上，看着夜空中的星星。 The kids lay on the grass, _____________________________． Deeply inspired by the speech watching the stars in the night sky Ⅲ.完形填空 I was excited to take my dog Georgie to the river the other day.Having spent her first six years in a cage, she had never 1 a body of water.I wanted to get there before sunset to watch her 2 it. I was growing increasingly 3 about all the stops she made.She checked the grass, dirt, and trees.These were all new discoveries for her, and it 4 her time to study them. When I 5 that it was fruitless to hurry her along, I pulled out my cell phone and began texting.I needed something to do while Georgie was slowing us down. Then, I 6 the cicadas (蝉), and I remembered that the sound of cicadas was my favorite in the world.That awakened something buried within me that longed for the simple pleasures 7 by technology. I made a conscious decision to be present, and to 8 the journey to the river, just like Georgie.The journey was just as wonderful as the final destination would be, and it was the dog that 9 me. Then, I 10 the beauty of the flowers and the wonder of the winding path.I 11 the grass and the flowers, and the dirt and the air.I 12 each one equally, as if 13 them for the first time.As we 14 our destination, I realized something even more important：It doesn’t 15 whether we reach the river.Why must there always be a destination? [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了作者在去河边的旅途中，通过观察自己的狗Georgie对身边的东西很是好奇的行为，体会到了珍惜和享受旅程中每一个细节的重要性，而不仅仅追求到达目的地。 1．A.seen　　　　　　　　　　 B．feared C．imagined D．covered 答案：A 解析：根据上文的“Having spent her first six years in a cage”可知，Georgie在笼子里度过了最初的六年，因此从未见过水体。故选A项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2．A.cross B．experience C．follow D．avoid 答案：B 解析：根据上文的“Having spent her first six years in a cage, she had never 1 a body of water.”可知，因为Georgie在笼子里待了六年，因此她从没有看见过水体，“我”希望她能够体验一下水的感觉。故选B项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 3．A.excited B．content C．impatient D．indifferent 答案：C 解析：根据上文的“I wanted to get there before sunset”和下文的“She checked the grass, dirt, and trees.”可知，Georgie经常停下来关注周围的东西，而“我”却想在天黑前到达河边，因此对于她的举动越来越不耐烦。故选C项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 4．A.made B．took C．waited D．wasted 答案：B 解析：根据上文的“She checked the grass, dirt, and trees.These were all new discoveries for her”可知，Georgie走出笼子后对身边的东西很是好奇，因此要花费时间去弄清楚它们。故选B项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 5．A.warned B．promised C．wondered D．recognized 答案：D 解析：根据下文的“it was fruitless to hurry her along, I pulled out my cell phone and began texting”可知，Georgie 走走停停地关注身边的事物，催促她快点儿也是没有用的，这是“我”在陪伴她去河边的路上意识到的。故选D项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6．A.spotted B．missed C．heard D．ignored 答案：C 解析：根据下文的“I remembered that the sound of cicadas was my favorite in the world”可知，“我”听到了蝉的叫声。故选C项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7．A.replaced B．inspired C．impressed D．invented 答案：A 解析：根据上文的“I pulled out my cell phone and began texting”和“Then, I 6 the cicadas, and I remembered that the sound of cicadas was my favorite in the world.”可知，蝉的叫声让“我”想起了最喜爱的声音才放下手机去倾听，说明那些简单的快乐已经被科技给替换掉了。故选A项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 8．A.hurry B．plan C．end D．enjoy 答案：D 解析：根据本句中的“I made a conscious decision to be present...just like Georgie.”可知，“我”要像Georgie一样一路走走停停，欣赏着身边的事物，享受旅途中的快乐。故选D项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9．A.persuaded B．reminded C．warned D．accompanied 答案：B 解析：根据上文的“I made a conscious decision to be present, and to 8 the journey to the river, just like Georgie.”和“The journey was just as wonderful as the final destination would be”可知，“我”要像Georgie一样去享受旅途中的快乐，这是Georgie提醒我的。故选B项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 10．A.admired B．compared C．recorded D．shared 答案：A 解析：根据上文的“The journey was just as wonderful as the final destination would be, and it was the dog that 9 me.”可知，是Georgie提醒了“我”要去享受旅途中的快乐，因此“我”欣赏着花儿的美丽。故选A项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 11．A.defended B．received C．smelled D．afforded 答案：C 解析：根据上文的“The journey was just as wonderful as the final destination would be, and it was the dog that 9 me.”和本句中的“the grass and the flowers, and the dirt and the air”可知，“我”要体验旅途中的快乐，闻着花草、泥土和空气的味道。故选C项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 12．A.introduced B．treasured C．pleased D．prepared 答案：B 解析：根据上文的“Then, I 10 the beauty of the flowers and the wonder of the winding path.I 11 the grass and the flowers, and the dirt and the air.”可知，“我”要珍惜旅途中的快乐，花草、蜿蜒的小路等每一样东西“我”都要珍惜。故选B项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13．A.judging B．confirming C．discovering D．managing 答案：C 解析：根据上文的“Then, I 10 the beauty of the flowers and the wonder of the winding path.I 11 the grass and the flowers, and the dirt and the air.”可知，“我”对身边的花草，蜿蜒的小路，泥土和空气都很重视，这说明“我”好像第一次发现它们一样。故选C项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14．A.neared B．forgot C．sought D．changed 答案：A 解析：根据空后的our destination可知，随着时间的推移，“我们”靠近了目的地。故选A项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 15．A.make any sense B．make any effort C．hurt D．matter 答案：D 解析：根据下文的“Why must there always be a destination？”可知，“我”提了一个问题：为什么非得到达目的地呢？人们该享受旅途中的快乐，因此是否到达河边并不重要。故选D项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Ⅳ.语法填空 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了回收利用在对抗污染方面的重要作用，以及新技术在提高回收利用率方面的应用。 Recycling plays 1.____________ major role in fighting against pollution. By recycling paper, we not only save our trees, but we also recycle glass bottles, milk cartons and plastics. It is known to all 2.____________ recycling preserves many non-renewable resources and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. Now cleaners send 3.____________ (little)household waste to landfill sites than before and less energy is required when we are making new materials from old ones. 1．答案：a 解析：考查冠词。play a major role in是固定短语，意为“在……中起重要作用”，故填a。 2．答案：that 解析：考查连词。it is known to all that 是固定句型，意为“众所周知”，其中that引导主语从句，故填that。 3．答案：less 解析：考查形容词比较级。根据than before可知，此处是把现在和以前进行比较，此处应使用比较级，故填less。 Health regulations once prevented recycled plastics from being made use 4.____________ to make food containers but new technology has seen this ban lifted in some countries. 4．答案：of 解析：考查介词。make use of 是固定搭配，意为“利用”，故填of。 Rain water 5.____________ (collect)from roads and roofs of buildings is also recycled.Water treatment plants treat millions of liters a day, 6.____________ (remove)bacteria and something unwanted.The recycled water cannot be drunk 7.____________ can be used to wash cars, water trees and fight fires, etc.This 8.____________ (mean)there is a reduced demand on drinking water supplies. 5．答案：collected 解析：考查非谓语动词。rain water与collect之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应使用过去分词作定语，故填collected。 6．答案：removing 解析：考查非谓语动词。water treatment plants与remove之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应使用现在分词作状语，故填removing。 7．答案：but 解析：考查连词。根据句意可知，此处表示转折关系，故填but。 8．答案：means 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语this是单数，谓语动词也应使用单数形式，故填means。 New technology is 9.____________ (constant) improving recycling techniques in Europe, America and Japan, but countries with small populations may find that these new techniques are so expensive that they cannot 10.____________ (use) in the immediate future. 9．答案：constantly 解析：考查词性转换。修饰动词improving应使用副词，故填constantly。 10．答案：be used 解析：考查动词的语态。these new techniques与use之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，故填be used。 $$