U5 单元检测(二)-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语必修第二册同步导学案配套PPT课件（北师大版）

必修第二册 UNIT 5　HUMANS AND NATURE 单元检测(二) (时间：120分钟，满分：150分) 第一部分　听力(共两节， 满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What are the speakers talking about? A．A meeting.　 B．A computer.　 　C．An app. 答案：A 1 4 5 2 3 2．When will Ryne be out of hospital? A．This Wednesday. B．This Saturday. C．Next Thursday. 答案：C 1 4 5 2 3 3．Where are the speakers? A．At a park. B．At a cinema. C．At a library. 答案：B 1 4 5 2 3 4．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Patient and doctor. B．Customer and salesman. C．Student and teacher. 答案：C 1 4 5 2 3 5．What will the man probably do this weekend? A．Go to the concert. B．Study for his exams. C．Make a plan. 答案：A 1 4 5 2 3 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What will the man probably work on after graduation? A．Language teaching. B．Tourism. C．Computer science. 答案：B 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 7．How does the woman find French as a major? A．It is impractical. B．It is quite promising. C．It is difficult to learn. 答案：A 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．What happened to the girl? A．Her bike was broken. B．Her leg was injured. C．Her left hand hurt. 答案：C 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 9．How does the girl prefer to go to school now? A．By bike. B．On foot. C．By bus. 答案：B 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 10．What will the man probably do tomorrow? A．Instruct the girl to ride a bike. B．Drive the girl to her school. C．Send the girl to the hospital. 答案：A 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．What did Alexa do with the winter plant? A．She put it in the sunlight. B．She returned it to the shop. C．She watered it too often. 答案：A 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 12．What does the man advise Alexa to do? A．Grow north China plants. B．Learn about planting online. C．Care for plants' root system. 答案：B 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 13．How does Alexa grow flowers? A．Patiently. B．Casually. C．Devotedly. 答案：B 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14．What is the man? A．An artist. B．A researcher. C．A host. 答案：C 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 15．What does the woman say about creativity? A．It comes from dreaming. B．It involves difficult tasks. C．It starts with problem-solving. 答案：C 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 16．What do artists describe a creative process as? A．An inborn ability. B．An everyday task. C．A dreamlike state. 答案：C 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 17．What are the speakers discussing? A．Creativity. B．Brain science. C．Celebrities. 答案：A 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．What are the good seeds confirmed by? A．Containers. B．X-rays. C．Freezers. 答案：B 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 19．Why are seeds stored in frozen environment? A．To be preserved for long. B．To tackle climate change. C．To safeguard food supply. 答案：A 20．What is the speech mainly about? A．Where seeds are stored. B．How the seed bank works. C．Why seed banks are important. 答案：B 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 听力材料 Text 1 W：How did yesterday's online video conference go? M：It was a bit of a disaster as my computer screen suddenly froze.Luckily，I continued it with the app on my phone. Text 2 W：Ryne scheduled his knee surgery for this Wednesday.He is expected to leave hospital next Thursday. M：In that case, maybe we can go and see him sometime this Saturday. Text 3 W：I think we're sitting too close to the screen.My neck is starting to hurt. M：I know.If we had got here earlier，we probably could have found seats higher up. Text 4 W：I have plenty of good ideas，but I haven't been able to organize them clearly.May I hand in the paper a few days later? M：You know that I always prefer a well-written paper even if it is late. Text 5 W：Could you come to the concert with me this weekend，or do you have to prepare for your exams? M：I still have a lot to do，making a plan...Um，but a break would probably do me good. Text 6 W：How are you doing these days? M：Not bad.I've been busy with my subjects. W：I'm glad to hear that.By the way，what's your major and what do you want to do once you graduate? M：Hotel management.And I'd like to work for a hotel or a travel agency.How about you? W：Well，when I first started college，I wanted to major in French，but I realized it would be really difficult to apply for a job.Later I majored in business.But now I change my major to computer science.It is hard to learn but it is promising. Text 7 M：What happened? You have mud all over you，and your trousers are torn.What did you do? W：I tried to learn to ride a bicycle.I hit a stone and fell onto the ground. M：Did you hurt your leg? W：No，but my left hand is hurting a little. M：Come，let me check your hand.Why did you learn to ride a bike? W：I thought it would be fun.But now I know it isn't. M：So you have decided to give up? W：Yes.I prefer to go to school on foot now.It's much safer. M：Don't despair！You'll find the fun.The first step is always the hardest.Tomorrow I'll teach you how to ride. Text 8 M：Alexa, why are there some dead plants? W：I know.Every plant comes in alive and ends up dead. M：Well, it's not that hard to keep house plants.What did you do to care for this one? W：That one had a big flower on it，so I put it in the sunlight. M：This is a winter plant from north China.It doesn't do well in direct sunlight.Just move it here.Didn't you look up how to care for it when you got it? W：No.I just thought it was pretty，and it was doing OK in the shop. M：And this one here is all yellow.You gave it too much water. W：I water it every day. M：I'm afraid its root system is destroyed.Look，here's an app with plant information. Text 9 M：Today we are honoured to have Dr.Nancy with us.Doctor，thanks for coming on our show. W：It's my pleasure. M：Now，can we start with the question “What is creativity？” W：Well，creativity can be viewed as a process, which usually starts with a person who's trying to find a better way of doing a task and come up with a solution. M：Hmm，I see.Do you think the ability to be creative is inborn or not? W：Well，no one knows yet. M：Does creativity only appear in great people? W：Certainly not.Creativity can also be found in daily tasks such as cooking or gardening. M：Oh，really？Now Dr.Nancy，can you describe to us what the actual creative process is? W：Actually，many great artists describe it as a dreamlike state during which ideas just come to them in a flash. M：What is going on in the brain during that flash? W：No one knows for sure，but researchers suggest that part of the brain becomes very active，linking up with ideas or thoughts in previous unknown ways. M：I see.Thank you very much，Dr.Nancy. Text 10 Currently，there are over 1，000 seed banks located all over the world.How does the seed bank work? First，scientists from all over the world collect endangered and useful wild species，put them in a paper or cotton bag to prevent them from getting bad, and send them to the seed bank.Once the seeds arrive，they're dried and preserved in a special room.After that，X-rays confirm that the seeds are undamaged and that no insects are hidden inside.The seeds are then frozen, stored in special containers and then placed in huge freezers at 20 ℃ for long-term storage，which allows the seeds to be preserved for decades and reawakened when required. One of the most famous seed banks，Svalbard Global Seed Vault, now holds more than one million seed samples.It is located deep in a frozen Arctic mountain in Norway. As the Earth is facing huge challenges like climate change，these seed banks are surely significant for the future of the world's food supply. 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Paris The City of Light draws visitors from around the globe who come to see attractions like the Eiffel Tower, and the Louvre.Get lost wandering along the attractive stone streets, or relax on the banks of the Seine for hours.If you're up for a quick day trip, head about 15 miles southwest of the city center to the Palace of Versailles, which offers guided and self-guided tours of the palace.The best time to visit Paris is from June to August and September to October. London London is home to a number of historical landmarks and modern-day attractions.If it's your first time in London, plan to see the top attractions, such as the Tower of London, Buckingham Palace, and the British Museum, before sitting down to a classic afternoon tea or checking out a local pub.The best time to visit London is March through May when the temperatures are mild and the city's parks are green. Dubai This Middle Eastern city is filled with some of the world's most notable and unique attractions, including the Dubai Mall, indoor Ski Dubai and Burj Khalifa, the tallest building on the planet.But the city still holds onto its heritage, as seen in the Bastakiya Quarter and the traditional Gold and Spice (香料) markets.The best time to visit Dubai is from November to March. Tokyo Tokyo has an electric energy and plenty of attractions to discover.Foodies won't be let down by the city's unique fresh sushi and tasty seafood.Photographers will love taking in the sweeping panoramas (全景) from the top of the Tokyo Skytree.Those who love to shop will find plenty of must-have designer products in Ginza.The best time to visit Tokyo is between March and April and September and November. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个知名的旅游景点。 21．What's the best time for you to travel in London? A.February.　　　　　　 B．April. C．June. D．November. 答案：B 21 22 23 细节理解题。根据文章中London部分的最后一句“The best time to visit London is March through May when the temperatures are mild and the city's parks are green (游览伦敦的最佳时间是3月至5月，那时气温温和，城市的公园也是绿色的)”可知，最好在三至五月份去伦敦游玩。故选B。 21 22 23 22．What is the special attraction of Tokyo? A．World-famous riverside views. B．Delicious seafood. C．Afternoon tea culture. D．Traditional gold markets. 答案：B 21 22 23 细节理解题。文章中Tokyo部分讲到“Foodies won't be let down by the city's unique fresh sushi and tasty seafood.”可知，美味的海鲜使东京有特别的吸引力。故选B。 21 22 23 23．Where is the text probably from? A．A magazine. B．An encyclopedia. C．A newspaper. D．A textbook. 答案：A 21 22 23 文章出处题。本文主要介绍了四个知名的旅游景点各自的特点以及最佳旅游时间。由此可知，文章可能来自一本杂志。故选A。 21 22 23 B I was cutting up lettuce in the kitchen when I suddenly remembered watching a video about soaking the lettuce stub (莴苣残余部分) in water to grow a whole new vegetable.So I took out a wide-mouthed cup and placed the stub into it, gave it a little water, and placed it by the window. On a snowy morning I noticed the first sign.A first small leaf from its heart spread out.A tiny green flag of hope.Beaten, but not defeated.This lettuce was not done living! Within days, it was impossible to see the cuts where I had removed the leaves.The growth was explosive.And when I lifted the blossoming head out of the cup, tiny root threads fell down, seeking for the earth.What is growing here? Lettuce or hope? If I were a lettuce in a similar condition, I'd want to skeptically assess where I found myself before committing to full growth.Yet for this lettuce, my inadequate offering of water and a place by a window was enough for it to decide to reclaim itself again.It grew in a cup of water, in faith.This is the heart of this lettuce: alive, strong and fearless.It deserved a name.I decided to call it Monty. Monty wanted to grow, as we all do.I think I gave him a little love and freedom.Those two were all he needed to return to himself.I see joy in this lettuce.The return to self is always an expression of joy, which is life itself.This is the tendency of all living things. Monty still lives in a cup, but I'm going to transplant him outside.He deserves to become his full self.The only problem I see now is my ability to support Monty.I hope I have enough of a green finger. I'm surprised to find myself where I am.Maybe Monty is, too.I have the same choice as he does: give in or start again.The prospect of starting again is discouraging.But my lettuce-friend, Monty, leads the way.I can only hope to be as brave. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在厨房里切莴苣的时候突发奇想，尝试泡水种植莴苣根部，意外地观察到新生命的诞生。通过描述从一片小叶子的萌发到快速生长的过程，作者赋予这棵莴苣一个名字Monty，看到其中的希望和生长的力量。最后，作者从Monty的生长经历中领悟到，应该勇敢面对挑战，敢于重新开始。 24．Why did the author soak the stub in water? A．To decorate the nice cup. B．To hope that it would grow. C．To make a video in person. D．To remove kitchen rubbish. 答案：B 24 25 26 27 细节理解题。根据第一段“I was cutting up lettuce in the kitchen when I suddenly remembered watching a video about soaking the lettuce stub in water to grow a whole new vegetable.(我正在厨房里切莴苣，突然想起看过的一个视频，讲的是把莴苣残余部分泡在水里，就会长出一种全新的蔬菜)”可知，作者把莴苣残余部分泡在水中是希望能看到它生长。故选B项。 24 25 26 27 25．What can we infer from paragraph 2? A．This lettuce showed no sign of recovery. B．This lettuce was still fighting to survive. C．Tiny root threads climbed out of the cup. D．The cuts can still be seen where there used to be leaves. 答案：B 24 25 26 27 推理判断题。根据第二段中“This lettuce was not done living! Within days, it was impossible to see the cuts where I had removed the leaves.(这棵莴苣没有放弃生存！几天之内，我就无法看到我切除叶子的伤口了)”可知，这棵莴苣没有放弃生长，真的长出了小叶子，很快就覆盖住原先的伤口。由此可知，这棵莴苣还在挣扎求生。故选B项。 24 25 26 27 26．How would the author feel if put in the lettuce's situation? A．Hesitant. B．Fearless. C．Aimless. D．Annoyed. 答案：A 24 25 26 27 细节理解题。根据第三段中“If I were a lettuce in a similar condition, I'd want to skeptically assess where I found myself before committing to full growth.(如果我是一棵处于类似状况的莴苣，我会先怀疑地评估一下自己的状况，然后再开始全面生长)”可知，如果作者处于莴苣的状况之下，他会犹豫不决，在评估好环境后才努力生长。故选A项。 24 25 26 27 27．What can we learn from Monty? A．Never being afraid to restart yourself. B．Believing in yourself when in trouble. C．Enjoying your own life to the fullest. D．Giving freedom to the heart in a way. 答案：A 24 25 26 27 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I have the same choice as he does: give in or start again.The prospect of starting again is discouraging.But my lettuce-friend, Monty, leads the way.I can only hope to be as brave.”可知，作者认识到自己应该像莴苣朋友Monty一样勇敢，不畏惧重新开始可能遇到的令人沮丧的状况。由此可知，我们应该向Monty学习永远不要害怕重新开始的精神。故选A项。 24 25 26 27 C Imagine if there were a robotic fish that filtered microplastics out of the water as it swam.Well, now there is one, and it's the physical version of the winning concept in the first-ever Natural Robotics Contest. Announced this May, the University of Surrey's Natural Robotics Contest invited members of the public to give their concepts for animal-or plant-inspired robots capable of performing activities that would help the world. Plans called for experts from various British and European research centers to select what they thought was the best concept, which would then be made into a real robot.Engineers would proceed to further develop the technology. The winning concept turned out to be the plastic-collecting robo-fish, designed by chemistry student Eleanor Mackintosh—who is a student at the University of Surrey.Mackintosh said, “Fish's gills are an incredible mechanism in nature that are specialized to filter oxygen into the bloodstream—so I adapted my design from that, with the purpose of dealing with the plastic pollution in the water.” The robot swims by moving its tail, holding its mouth wide open to collect water and microplastics in its belly as it does so.Once that cavity is full, the robot closes its mouth, opens its gills, and pushes the water out through.A fine net attached to the gill flaps allows the water to pass through, but captures the microplastics. In its current physical form, the 50-cm-long robo-fish collects microplastics as small as 2 millimeters.It also uses sensors to monitor underwater environment, plus it tracks its movements within the water. Future robots could capture much smaller particles.Other possible improvements include a faster body shape, a more powerful tail, and the ability to swim autonomously. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了萨里大学自然机器人竞赛中，一名学生设计的塑料收集机器鱼获奖。文章具体介绍了其运作过程、现状及未来发展。 28．How do the participants attend the Natural Robotics Contest? A．By handing in real robots. B．By sending the concepts of robots. C．By selecting the best robot concepts. D．By developing the technology of robots. 答案：B 28 29 30 31 细节理解题。根据第二段“Announced this May, the University of Surrey's Natural Robotics Contest invited members of the public to give their concepts for animal-or plant-inspired robots capable of performing activities that would help the world.(今年5月，萨里大学举办了自然机器人大赛，邀请公众提出他们的概念，设计以动物或植物为灵感的机器人，这些机器人能够从事帮助世界的活动)”可知，参与者提交机器人概念参加竞赛。故选B。 28 29 30 31 29．What inspired Mackintosh to design the robot? A．The enthusiasm for robots. B．The function of fish's gills. C．The body shape of the fish. D．The plastic pollution in the water. 答案：B 28 29 30 31 细节理解题。根据第四段“Mackintosh said, ‘Fish's gills are an incredible mechanism in nature that are specialized to filter oxygen into the bloodstream—so I adapted my design from that, with the purpose of dealing with the plastic pollution in the water.’(Mackintosh说：‘鱼的鳃是一种令人难以置信的自然机制，专门用于将氧气过滤到血液中，所以我以此为基础进行了设计，目的是处理水中的塑料污染。’)”可知，Mackintosh受到鱼鳃功能的启示而创造了塑料收集机器鱼。故选B。 28 29 30 31 30．What does the author intend to show in paragraph 5? A．How the robotic fish works in water. B．How the robotic fish is further improved. C．Why Mackintosh's robot won the contest. D．What materials the robotic fish is made of. 答案：A 28 29 30 31 推理判断题。第五段主要介绍机器鱼在水中的工作原理。故选A。 28 29 30 31 31．What is the best title for the text? A．The First Bio-inspired Robotics Contest B．The One-size-fits-all Solution to Plastics C．An Autonomously Operative Robotic Fish D．A Student-designed Plastic-collecting Robo-fish 答案：D 28 29 30 31 标题归纳题。结合文章的主要内容，萨里大学自然机器人竞赛中，一名学生设计的塑料收集机器鱼获奖。文章具体介绍了其运作过程、现状即未来发展。故D选项“一名学生设计的塑料收集机器鱼”最适合作文章标题。故选D。 28 29 30 31 D Studies have shown how we understand our strength contributes to the extent to which our muscles might waste with disuse.When researchers at Ohio University examined the strength among a group of adults, who agreed to have their wrists immobilized for a week to cause weakness, they found that only imagining having strong muscles reduced the loss in strength by 50 percent. Crum, a pioneer in this area, found in his study that having a different attitude can maximize (最大化) the benefits of all the occasional exercise we do each day, such as housework or walking around the shops.It appears that tracking our steps through smart watches and other wearable technologies can make a difference to how we understand our fitness.The study showed people who had previously regarded themselves as inactive, were found that they were actually completing about 7，000 steps a day and began to report improved mood, better confidence and even an increase in aerobic fitness measurements, even though they weren't exercising more than usual. An even more unexpected fitness trick might come from our gut.It seems that having the right populations of gut bacteria (肠道菌群) makes you more likely to exercise.Last December, Christopher Thais at the University of Pennsylvania and his colleagues found that differences in gut bacterial populations appeared to play a much greater role than genetics (遗传学) when it came to running performance in mice.They identified two particular bacteria as being especially important.When the mice were given these in supplements, it seemed to increase their desire to exercise. It remains to be seen whether this works effectively in humans.We still have much to learn about whether changing microbial populations can make us fitter, says Shrushti Shah at the University of Calgary in Canada.This could be significant, as many of us struggle to find the motivation to exercise. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了态度可以最大化锻炼的好处，并分析了肠道菌群或许会影响我们锻炼的动机。 32．What does the underlined word “immobilized” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Balanced. B．Fixed. C．Straightened. D．Bent. 答案：B 32 33 34 35 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Studies have shown how we understand our strength contributes to the extent to which our muscles might waste with disuse.”和下文“they found that only imagining having strong muscles reduced the loss in strength by 50 percent”可知，肌肉长时间不使用会变得虚弱；由此可知，实验时，这些成年人的手腕被固定不使用，因此推断画线词与B项“固定”意思一致，故选B。 32 33 34 35 33．What is presented in Crum's finding? A．Tracking steps is necessary in daily routine. B．Attitude matters to all the occasional exercise. C．Walking around the shops amounts to 7，000 steps. D．Inactive people have trouble in completing exercise. 答案：B 32 33 34 35 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Crum, a pioneer in this area, found in his study that having a different attitude can maximize the benefits of all the occasional exercise we do each day, such as housework or walking around the shops.”可知，Crum的研究表明态度对所有偶然的锻炼都很重要。故选B。 32 33 34 35 34．What is the function of the example in paragraph 3? A．To further explain the research method. B．To support evidence for the research result. C．To show potential application of the research finding. D．To present a reasonable doubt about the research process. 答案：B 32 33 34 35 推理判断题。根据第三段可推断，这个例子的功能是为这个研究结果提供证据。故选B。 32 33 34 35 35．What is the author's attitude toward the application of the two particular bacteria in humans? A．Indifferent. B．Doubtful. C．Cautious. D．Supportive. 答案：C 32 33 34 35 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It remains to be seen whether this works effectively in humans.We still have much to learn about whether changing microbial populations can make us fitter, says Shrushti Shah at the University of Calgary in Canada.”可知，作者认为这种结果仍需要进一步观察，且指出Shrushti Shah说微生物种群的变化是否能使我们更健康，我们还有很多需要了解的地方；因此可推断，对于这两种微生物种群的应用，作者是谨慎的。故选C。 32 33 34 35 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了清理家里灰尘的方法。 Dusting is particularly annoying.Nearly two-thirds of household dust content comes from the outdoors, some of which may contain harmful chemicals.So, keeping your home as dust-free as possible is important to improve overall health. 36 ？ 36 37 38 39 40 A．If you dust from the bottom up B．How can we keep the home dust-free C．Why should we keep the home dust-free D．You can remove your shoes when you come home E．You can buy some new shoes before you return home F．Don't use feather dusters that simply push the dust around G．Items that don't collect dust easily can go a month without cleaning 答案：B 36 37 38 39 40 根据上文“So, keeping your home as dust-free as possible is important to improve overall health.(因此，保持你的家尽可能无尘对改善整体健康很重要)”和下文内容可知，下文讲述的是保持家里无尘的方法。因此，B项“How can we keep the home dust-free(我们怎样才能保持家里无尘呢)”符合语境。其中“keep the home dust-free”与上文“keeping your home as dust-free as possible”一致。故选B项。 36 37 38 39 40 In general, you should dust your home's most exposed surfaces on a weekly basis.This means items such as tables, shelves, beds, dressers, counter tops and windows. 37 ．Use microfiber or natural-fiber cloths that will pick up the dust. 36 37 38 39 40 A．If you dust from the bottom up B．How can we keep the home dust-free C．Why should we keep the home dust-free D．You can remove your shoes when you come home E．You can buy some new shoes before you return home F．Don't use feather dusters that simply push the dust around G．Items that don't collect dust easily can go a month without cleaning 答案：F 36 37 38 39 40 根据下文“Use microfiber or natural-fiber cloths that will pick up the dust.(使用超细纤维或天然纤维布，以收集灰尘)”可知，本段主要讲述了应用什么工具除尘。因此，F项“Don't use feather dusters that simply push the dust around(不要用鸡毛掸子，它们只会把灰尘推来推去)”符合语境。其中“Don't use feather dusters”与下文“Use microfiber or natural-fiber cloths”对立。故选F项。 36 37 38 39 40 Change your bed sheets weekly, as dust mites (螨) especially love bedding. 38 ．Every three to six months, clean behind and under furniture, and wash your bedding. 36 37 38 39 40 A．If you dust from the bottom up B．How can we keep the home dust-free C．Why should we keep the home dust-free D．You can remove your shoes when you come home E．You can buy some new shoes before you return home F．Don't use feather dusters that simply push the dust around G．Items that don't collect dust easily can go a month without cleaning 答案：G 36 37 38 39 40 根据下文“Every three to six months, clean behind and under furniture, and wash your bedding.(每三到六个月，清洁家具的背后和下面，并清洗床上用品)”可知，要根据物品不同来规定除尘的时间。因此，G项“Items that don't collect dust easily can go a month without cleaning(不容易收集灰尘的物品可能一个月都不用清洁)”符合语境。其中“Items that don't collect dust easily”与下文中“clean behind and under furniture”一致。故选G项。 36 37 38 39 40 Since so much dust comes in from the outdoors, you can cut down on the amount gathering in your home by keeping doors and windows closed as often as possible, and placing carpets on both sides of doors. 39 ， changing them for a pair of slippers or private house shoes. 36 37 38 39 40 A．If you dust from the bottom up B．How can we keep the home dust-free C．Why should we keep the home dust-free D．You can remove your shoes when you come home E．You can buy some new shoes before you return home F．Don't use feather dusters that simply push the dust around G．Items that don't collect dust easily can go a month without cleaning 答案：D 36 37 38 39 40 根据下文“changing them for a pair of slippers or private house shoes(把它们换成拖鞋或家居鞋)”可知，空格处应是回家后把鞋脱掉。因此，D项“You can remove your shoes when you come home(当你回家时，脱下你的鞋子)”符合语境。其中shoes与下文them一致。故选D项。 36 37 38 39 40 Get rid of odds and ends, which can easily attract dust, and be careful how you handle clothes.Since clothes both collects dust and sheds (掉落) fibers, regularly wash any clothes or don't throw clothing on the ground. When you're getting ready to clean a room, always work from the top down. 40 ， the dust on the highest surfaces will drift down to everything you've just cleaned. 36 37 38 39 40 A．If you dust from the bottom up B．How can we keep the home dust-free C．Why should we keep the home dust-free D．You can remove your shoes when you come home E．You can buy some new shoes before you return home F．Don't use feather dusters that simply push the dust around G．Items that don't collect dust easily can go a month without cleaning 答案：A 36 37 38 39 40 根据上文“always work from the top down”可知，A项“If you dust from the bottom up(如果你从下往上掸灰尘)”是上文的反面，空后是错误操作导致的结果。故选A项。 36 37 38 39 40 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 It was the most destructive wildfire in California history.It started in Paradise and caused $16.5 billion in 41 ， destroying nearly 19，000 buildings and killing 85 people in all.The beauty of this 42 named place was gone. Grammer, working in Los Angeles, grew up there.When his friend Edwards posted pictures of his white chimney—the only part of his house to survive—he felt 43 ．And then he had an idea. “I've got to 44 that chimney，” he says, “I'm not trying to say anything.I'm an artist.It was an opportunity for me to 45 ．” Grammer spent three hours painting an image of a woman on the 46 —a reminder of the chimney, of the beauty of life, or even just of 47 itself. Grammer posted the image on the Internet.Those who were affected by the fire, 48 ， could not calm down.Someone 49 ， “You bring beauty and hope.” Greatly inspired, Grammer returned eight times.Outside one house, he found a photo of a girl, Eleanor.He painted a picture of her on the wall of her home left 50 ．It was a stamp that life was here and that life can 51 to be here.The painting has 52 meaning for the homeowner.Eleanor's father, recalls how she used to play just feet away.Eleanor herself returned once to 53 the painting. Ironically (讽刺的是) that first painting, on the chimney in Paradise, 54 only a few months—the bulldozer (推土机) is a cruel art critic.However, Grammer couldn't be more delighted.It means that the 55 of Paradise is rising again. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了艺术家Grammer在加利福尼亚历史上最具破坏性的野火之后，在废墟上创作画作，为受灾者带来希望和美的故事。Grammer的画作不仅是对废墟的纪念，更是对生命之美的赞美，给受灾者带来了极大的安慰和鼓舞。 41．A.damage B．collection C．debt D．reserve 答案：A 句意：它始于天堂镇，造成165亿美元的损失，摧毁了近1.9万栋建筑，造成85人死亡。A.damage损坏；B.collection收集；C.debt 债务；D.reserve预订，保留。根据下文的“destroying nearly 19，000 buildings and killing 85 people in all”可知，此处是野火带来的“损坏”。故选A。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 42．A.basically B．generally C．beautifully D．seriously 答案：C 句意：这个有美好命名之地的美已经消失了。A.basically基本上；B.generally普遍地；C.beautifully美好地；D.seriously严重地。根据上文可知，天堂镇有着美好的名字，火灾后，它的美消失了。故选C。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 43．A.disappointed B．interested C．helpless D．fearless 答案：C 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 句意：当他的朋友Edwards上传了他的白色烟囱的照片时——这是他房子里唯一幸存下来的部分——他感到很无助。A.disappointed感到失望的；B.interested感兴趣的；C.helpless无助的；D.fearless无畏的。根据空前“posted pictures of his white chimney—the only part of his house to survive”及常识可知，看到这种情景，他感到无助。故选C。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 44．A.beautify B．paint C．build D．repair 答案：B 句意：他说：“我得画那个烟囱。”A.beautify使美丽；B.paint画，绘画；C.build建造；D.repair修理。根据下文“Grammer spent three hours painting an image of a woman...”可知，Grammer决定画烟囱。故选B。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 45．A.succeed B．improve C．practice D．express 答案：D 句意：这是我表达的机会。A.succeed成功；B.improve提高；C.practice练习；D.express表达。根据上文“I'm an artist.”和下文“Grammer spent three hours painting an image of a woman on the 46 —a reminder of the chimney, of the beauty of life”可知，这是艺术家Grammer表达自己思想的机会。故选D。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 46．A.chimney B．wall C．window D．door 答案：A 句意：Grammer花了三个小时在烟囱上画了一个女人的形象——让人想起烟囱，想起生命的美丽，甚至是生命本身。A.chimney烟囱；B.wall 墙；C.window 窗户；D.door门。根据下文“a reminder of the chimney”可知，此处指“烟囱”。故选A。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47．A.art B．life C．nature D．beauty 答案：B 句意：Grammer花了三个小时在烟囱上画了一个女人的形象——让人想起烟囱，想起生命的美丽，甚至是生命本身。A.art艺术；B.life生命；C.nature自然；D.beauty美丽。根据上文“the beauty of life”和“even just”可推知，此处指“生命”本身。故选B。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 48．A.on average B．in general C．on earth D．in particular 答案：D 句意：特别是火灾的受害者无法平静下来。A.on average平均；B.in general通常；C.on earth究竟；D.in particular特别地。根据上文“Grammer posted the image on the Internet”可推知，Grammer的画引发了人们的共鸣，特别是火灾的受害者。故选D。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 49．A.argued B．insisted C．posted D．suggested 答案：C 句意：有人发帖说：“你带来了美丽和希望。”A.argued辩论；B.insisted 坚持；C.posted发布，发帖子；D.suggested建议。根据上文“Grammer posted the image on the Internet”和下文“You bring beauty and hope.”可推知，有人发帖子作出回应。故选C。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 50．A.standing B．existing C．falling D．destroying 答案：A 句意：他在小女孩家中仅剩的一面墙上画了一幅她的画像。A.standing站立；B.existing存在；C.falling落下；D.destroying毁掉。根据上文“Outside one house, he found a photo of a girl, Eleanor.He painted a picture of her on the wall of her home”可知，此处指仅剩下的，还“站立”在那里的墙。故选A。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 51．A.pretend B．afford C．continue D．decide 答案：C 句意：这是一个标志，生命曾在这里，生命可以继续在这里。A.pretend假装；B.afford买得起；C.continue继续；D.decide决定。根据空前“It was a stamp that life was here”可知，生命在“继续”。故选C。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 52．A.new B．special C．practical D．real 答案：B 句意：这幅画对房主有特殊的意义。A.new新的；B.special特殊的；C.practical实践的；D.real真的。根据下文“Eleanor's father, recalls how she used to play just feet away.”可知，这幅画对Eleanor的父亲有“特殊的”意义。故选B。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 53．A.copy B．handle C．donate D．admire 答案：D 句意：Eleanor曾经亲自回来欣赏这幅画。A.copy抄写；B.handle处理；C.donate捐献；D.admire欣赏，钦佩。根据上文“Eleanor herself returned once”可知，Eleanor回来欣赏自己的画像。故选D。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 54．A.flashed B．suffered C．survived D．waited 答案：C 句意：具有讽刺意味的是，天堂镇的烟囱上的第一幅画只保存了几个月——推土机是一个残酷的艺术评论家。A.flashed闪烁；B.suffered遭受；C.survived幸存；D.waited等待。根据下文“only a few months—the bulldozer is a cruel art critic”可知，第一幅画只存在几个月就被推土机推倒了。故选C。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 55．A.spirit B．size C．fame D．power 答案：A 句意：这意味着天堂镇的精神再次升起。A.spirit精神；B.size大小；C.fame名气；D.power权力，力量。根据上文“Grammer couldn't be more delighted”和“rising again”可知，此处指天堂镇的“精神”回来了。故选A。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了故宫博物院实施零废弃项目的情况。 The Palace Museum is becoming waste-free as the 720，000-square-meter structure has managed to reduce the number of trash bins to 110 sets in areas open to the public.This is 56. decrease from 310 sets recorded in January 2020, 57. a zero-waste campaign was launched, said the museum. 56．考查冠词。句意：故宫博物院表示，这比2020年1月发起零废弃项目时记录的310组有所减少。可数名词decrease在句中表示泛指，用不定冠词修饰，decrease发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 答案：a 57．考查定语从句。句意：故宫博物院表示，这比2020年1月发起零废弃项目时记录的310组有所减少。分析句子可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词January 2020, 关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，表示“在2020年1月”，应使用关系副词when引导该从句。故填when。 答案：when While 58. (protect) features of the six-century-old historical relic, the action also helps visitors and tourists get into the habit of creating less waste, said the museum. 58．考查非谓语动词。句意：故宫博物院表示，此举在保护这座拥有六百年历史的遗迹的特色的同时，也促使访客和游客养成减少产生垃圾的习惯。“58. (protect) features of the six-century-old historical relic”作伴随状语，protect是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the action之间是主动关系，用现在分词表示主动。故填protecting。 答案：protecting According to China News, so far, four types of trash bins 59._____ (equip) following Beijing's regulations (条例) on the 60. (manage) of household waste.Cleaning staff also check them to make sure all rubbish is 61. (correct) sorted, which is transported later to different destinations for disposal (处理). 59．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：据《中国新闻》报道，到目前为止，按照北京有关生活垃圾管理的条例，已经装备了四种类型的垃圾桶。分析句子可知，equip是句中谓语动词，与主语four types of trash bins之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语so far，应使用现在完成时态，又因主语是复数名词，谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时的被动语态以及复数形式。故填have been equipped。 答案：have been equipped 60．考查词性转换。句意：据《中国新闻》报道，到目前为止，按照北京有关生活垃圾管理的条例，已经装备了四种类型的垃圾桶。提示词作介词后宾语，用名词management，意为“管理”，为不可数名词。故填management。 答案：management 61．考查词性转换。句意：清洁人员也会检查，以确保所有垃圾都被正确分类，然后运往不同的目的地进行处理。提示词修饰动词sorted，用副词correctly作状语，意为“正确地”。故填correctly。 答案：correctly The museum also recycled more than 32，000 plastic bottles 62. (make) cultural and creative products between June 2021 and October 2023, meaning a reduction in carbon emission (碳排放) 63. as many as 931 kilograms. 62．考查非谓语动词。句意：在2021年6月至2023年10月期间，该博物馆还回收了3.2万多个塑料瓶，用于制作文化创意产品，这意味着碳排放量减少了931公斤。根据句意，“62. (make) cultural and creative products”是“recycled more than 32，000 plastic bottles”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to make。 答案：to make 63．考查介词。a reduction by...是固定搭配，意为“减少了……”。故填by。 答案：by By launching the campaign, the Palace Museum is taking a careful, science-based way to waste.The target is to minimize the production of waste that needs to be buried or burned 64. bring the amount of such waste as close to zero as possible, said the museum. 64．考查连词。句意：该博物院表示，其目标是减少需要掩埋或燃烧的废物的产生，并使此类废物的数量尽可能接近于零。“minimize the production of waste...”和“bring the amount of such waste as close to zero...”是并列关系，用并列连词and连接。故填and。 答案：and Up to now, about 3，000 museum staff members, 40，000 tourist 65. (guide), and 21 million visitors have participated in the campaign. 65．考查名词的单复数。句意：截至目前，约有3 000名博物馆工作人员、4万名导游和2 100万名游客参与了这项活动。tourist guide是名词词组，意为“导游”，有数词“40，000”修饰，应用复数形式。故填guides。 答案：guides 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假定你是李华，上周五你校举行了地震应急演练活动。请你以“An Earthquake Drill in Our School”为题，给校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1．参与人员； 2．活动的过程； 3．活动的意义。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] An Earthquake Drill in Our School Our school held an earthquake drill at 7：00 a．m. last Friday.All the teachers and students took part in the drill. When hearing the sound of alarm, we all ran out in order from the classroom.When we ran, all of us were bent over.We covered our heads with books to protect ourselves from falling things.All participants treated the drill seriously.Within three minutes, all ran to the playground, where the headmaster did a summary for the drill. The purpose of this earthquake drill was to train teachers and students to have the ability of self-protection and self-help.It left a deep impression on the teachers and students. 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 There was no sign that the earthquake was coming. A 7.8 magnitude (震级) quake almost flattened the city，killing over thousands of lives in less than a few minutes. In the midst of destruction and chaos，a father left his wife securely at home and rushed to the school where his son Daniel was supposed to be，only to discover that the building was as flat as a pancake. After the upsetting shock，he remembered the promise he had made to Daniel：“No matter what happens，I'll always be there for you！”And tears began to fill his eyes.He looked at the pile of ruins that once was the school.Everything looked hopeless，but he kept remembering his promise to his son. He began to concentrate on where he walked his son to class at school each morning.Remembering his son's classroom would be in the back right corner of the building，he rushed there and started digging through the stones and bricks. As he was digging，other anxious parents arrived，heartbroken，shouting desperately：“Mary！”“Sam！” Some other well-meaning parents tried to pull him off what was left of the school，saying：“It's too late！”“They're dead！”“You can't help！”“Go home！”“Come on！There's nothing you can do here！”“You're just going to make things worse！” To each parent he responded with one sentence：“Are you going to help me now？” And then he continued to dig for his son，stone by stone. Some firefighters showed up and tried to pull him off the school's ruins，saying，“Fires are breaking out，and explosions are happening everywhere.You're in danger.We'll take care of it.Just go home！” This loving，determined father asked，“Are you going to help me now？” The fire chief replied，“You're angry and worried.I get it.But you are not helping by staying here.Just go home.We will help you find your son！”He replied，“But I promised my son I'll always be there for him.” 注意：续写词数应为150个左右。 Courageously，he went alone because he needed to know for himself：“Is my boy alive or is he dead？”_____________________ __________________________________________________________ “I'm fine.There are 13 other kids down here，Dad，”Daniel replied.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Courageously，he went alone because he needed to know for himself：“Is my boy alive or is he dead？” He dug for hours and hours.His hands were bloody and he could only see well in flashes.Right before he was about to pass out，he pulled back a large rounded rock and heard his son's voice.He screamed his son's name，“DANIEL！”A response came from below，“Dad？It's me，Dad！” This must be the most beautiful voice he's ever heard in his whole life！“What's going on in there？How is it？”the father asked anxiously. “I'm fine.There are 13 other kids down here，Dad，”Daniel replied.“We're scared，hungry，and thirsty.When the building fell down，it made a triangle and saved us.”The father realized that this was a tricky situation.He couldn't risk causing another falling down there.Fortunately，the firefighters were just nearby.The father shouted to the fire chief and signalled to them to come over.Then，the father helped the firefighters carefully remove the rocks and pulled out the kids one by one.When everyone was safe and sound，Daniel threw himself into his father's arms：“You did it，Dad！No matter what happens，I know you'll be there for me！” $$