Unit 5 Humans and Nature（单元分层自测·能力提升卷）英语北师大版必修第二册

**基本信息** 本试卷为高一必修第二册Unit 5 Humans and Nature能力提升卷，围绕“人与自然”主题，整合自然灾难、生态保护等真实情境，通过听力、阅读、语言运用及写作多维度考查，适配单元复习，有效提升语言能力与思维品质。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |听力|20题/30分|自然灾难（飓风、地震等）、生态保护|情境真实，如对话涉及火山危险、火灾救援，培养信息提取能力| |阅读|20题/50分|自然探索（马里亚纳海沟等）、灾难影响（冰山A23a）、应对措施（漂浮房屋）|文本兼具科学性与人文性，如C篇分析冰山对动物影响，考查推理与批判思维| |语言运用|25题/30分|语法填空（呼伦贝尔草原生态）、完形填空（宇宙探索）|融合生态知识与语言技能，如语法填空涉及草原保护，强化语用能力| |写作|2题/40分|防震讲座报道、灾难救援续写|贴近生活实际，续写题通过家庭救援邻居，培养问题解决与共情能力，体现文化意识|

2026-2027学年高一必修第二册英语单元自测 Unit 5 Humans and Nature·能力提升卷 建议用时120分钟，满分150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，每小题1.5分, 满分30分） 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．B 10．A 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．B 15. A 16．B 17．C 18．A 19．B 20. A 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 21． B 22．D 23．D 24．D 25．D 26．A 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．D 31．A 32．B 33．D 34．C 35．D 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 36．D 37．E 38．C 39．G 40．B 第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第1节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 【答案】 41．D 42．B 43．A 44．B 45．A 46．B 47．D 48．B 49．B 50．A 51．D 52．D 53．C 54．C 55．A 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 56．is located 57．an 58．countless 59．where 60．turning 61．locals 62．and 63．Despite 64．has suffered 65．to restore 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 （满分15分） A Report on How to Survive in an Earthquake Last Friday, our school invited Dr. Zhang, a famous earthquake safety expert, to deliver an informative lecture on earthquake preparedness and survival skills. Dr. Zhang explained what to do before, during, and after an earthquake. He emphasized the importance of staying calm, taking cover under sturdy furniture, and avoiding windows or elevators. Through vivid videos and real-life examples, he made the knowledge easy to understand and remember. The lecture greatly raised our awareness of disaster prevention and equipped us with practical life-saving skills. Many students said they would share what they learned with their families. 第二节 （满分25分） 【参考范文】 In the darkness, they supported each other and went upstairs step by step with the light of the flashlight. The water had already seeped into the stairwell, making each step slippery and dangerous. Mary clung tightly to her parents’hands, her heart pounding with a mix of fear and determination. When they finally reached Mrs. Thomson’s door, Dad knocked gently but firmly. After what felt like an eternity, the door creaked open, revealing Mrs. Thomson’s frightened face. “Thank goodness you’re here!” she whispered, her voice trembling. They quickly helped her gather her essential belongings and led her back downstairs to their apartment, where they all huddled together, finding comfort in each other's presence.   Suddenly, a bunch of searching light from a rescue boat flashed across Mrs. Thomson’s window. “Look!” Mary exclaimed, pointing excitedly. Dad grabbed the flashlight and waved it back and forth, signaling for help. Within minutes, they heard the sound of voices and the gentle lapping of the boat against the building. The rescue team arrived just in time, helping them all into the boat and to safety. As they sailed away from the flooded apartment, Mary looked back, feeling grateful for the bravery and love that had kept them together through the storm. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2026-2027学年高一必修第二册英语单元自测 Unit 5 Humans and Nature·能力提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the woman think is the most dangerous? A．A volcano. B．A hurricane. C．An earthquake. 2．What’s the news about? A．A damaged city. B．A natural disaster. C．A rescue plan. 3．What does the man suggest doing during the storm? A．Remaining indoors. B．Going to the shelter. C．Calling for helicopter rescue. 4．When did the fire probably break out? A．At about 7. B．At about 8. C．At about 9. 5．What do we know about the woman? A．She is a policewoman. B．She knows little about the fire. C．She is a survivor of the big fire. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What happened last night? A．There was an earthquake. B．There was heavy rain. C．A building fell down. 7．What was the woman doing then? A．Watching TV. B．Taking a shower. C．Running outside. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．How did the woman know the news? A．On TV. B．On the Internet. C．In a newspaper. 9．Where is the woman’s uncle staying now? A．At home. B．At a friend’s house. C．At a public shelter. 10．How does the man sound at the end of the conversation? A．Relieved. B．Worried. C．Surprised. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．What are the speakers talking about? A．Bushfires. B．Schools. C．Weather. 12．Where did over 100 schools close? A．In New South Wales. B．In Queensland. C．In South Australia. 13．What should the government immediately do according to the man? A．Gather more firefighters. B．Cut off electricity in some places. C．Protect firefighters from dangers. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14．What is the woman doing? A．Touring a town. B．Hosting a program. C．Doing a survey 15．What do people come to Harrogate for? A．Quietness. B．Mineral waters. C．Historic scenes. 16．What does Tom say about the Stray? A．It is in the east of Harrogate. B．It is protected by a special law. C．It was named after a land owner. 17．What attracts people most in the Stray in spring? A．Rare trees. B．Sports games. C．Beautiful flowers. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．How many people died in a landslide in 2003? A．About two hundred. B．Over one thousand. C．About two thousand. 19．What has Philippines banned for several years? A．Growing grass. B．Cutting down trees. C．Growing population. 20．What does the speaker advise to protect our environment? A．Growing more forests. B．Chopping down the old forests. C．Replacing the native’s forests with other plants. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Over the centuries, we have discovered more about our world, and think that everything that could be discovered already has been. But the truth is that the world holds many more secrets waiting to be revealed. Here are four places that have yet to be opened up completely. The Mariana Trench The deepest and darkest place in the ocean is the 11,000-meter-deep Mariana Trench. Due to cold temperatures and huge water pressure, the deep ocean is totally unfriendly to humans. Although technological advances have led to the discovery of many new varieties of deep-sea animals on the ocean floor, there is a lot more to be learned. The Amazon rainforest The Amazon rainforest is said to make up around 50% of all of the rainforests in the world. Interest in its climate and resources has resulted in certain explorations. However, due to the extreme difficulty in getting to and entering the region, full exploration of it has been almost impossible. Up to now, 2.5 million insect species and 400,000 plant species have been officially documented. Greenland About 81% of Greenland is covered in ice, so it is almost completely unpopulated. Greenland has only been explored to a limited extent, as the climate is quite unsuitable for human life. Although research explorations are currently being carried out, the most interesting research in Greenland might tell us more about the past than the present. Deserts It is almost impossible to survive long periods of time in the desert. Thus, desert explorations have frequently had terrible results — many people are known to have died on such explorations. It is unclear whether anything of particular interest would be uncovered by further research into deserts, although there are animal and plant species there which are special. 21．Why is the Amazon rainforest not fully explored? A．Unclear research results. B．Difficulty in reaching the region. C．The unwelcoming environments. D．Lack of interest in its climate and resources. 22．Which of the four locations may provide more information of the past? A．The Mariana Trench. B．The Amazon rainforest. C．Deserts. D．Greenland. 23．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A news report. B．A club poster. C．A book review. D．A science magazine. B For generations, the people of Havenbrook lived in peace, embraced by the beauty of the ocean and the quiet security of their coastal home. However, one terrible day, their peaceful life was turned upside down by a destructive natural disaster. The morning started like any other. The sun rose, casting its golden rays over the town. People woke up, prepared for their daily routine, and went about their business. Little did they know that a storm was growing far out on the ocean. As the day progressed, the sky began to darken, and the wind started to pick up. By afternoon, Havenbrook was in the control of a powerful hurricane. The hurricane’s strong winds tore through the town, cutting roofs into pieces and overturning trees. Huge waves from the ocean washed into the town, flooding streets and homes. Residents, caught unprepared, hurried to find shelter. Many were trapped in their homes, waiting in terror as the water rose higher and higher. It seemed as if the world were at an end. The town’s emergency services worked tirelessly to rescue those in danger. They used boats to travel through the flooded streets and transported people to safety. However, the storm was so powerful that even their efforts were limited. Many homes were completely destroyed, and lives were lost. The once-lively town was now a scene of ruin. After the hurricane, Havenbrook’s residents began the arduous task of rebuilding their lives. They worked together, sharing their resources and skills, to rebuild their homes and community. Support from outside the town poured in, with volunteers and donations helping to speed up the recovery process. Slowly but surely, Havenbrook began to rise from the ruins. 24．What can be learned about the residents from the first two paragraphs? A．They sensed the upcoming storm. B．They often suffered natural disasters. C．They were not prepared for daily life. D．They enjoyed a peaceful life before the disaster. 25．What happened when the hurricane hit the town? A．The residents ignored rescue work. B．The hurricane arrived with no warning. C．The residents left their homes instantly. D．The hurricane caused severe damage. 26．What action did the emergency services take during the disaster? A．They transported some people to safe places. B．They rescued everybody successfully by boat. C．They delayed their action until the storm ended. D．They refused to reach the affected areas due to the storm. 27．What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “arduous”? A．Challenging. B．Effortless. C．Deadly. D．Limited. C The huge iceberg A23a, a 3,500-square-kilometer ice mass that broke off from the Antarctic in 1986, is moving through the South Atlantic. After remaining grounded for over three decades, this “giant berg” is now following a path called “iceberg alley”, pushed by strong ocean currents. Scientists are keeping a careful watch on its path as it moves toward South Georgia, an important home for wild animals. The main worry is that the iceberg might strike the shallow seabed around the island. Andrew Meijers, an expert from the British Antarctic Survey, warns that the iceberg has not broken into pieces. “Predicting the exact path is difficult,” Meijers said, but current conditions suggest it could arrive in a few weeks. If A23a gets stuck, it could stay there for months, blocking the ways that local animals use to find food. For the island’s seals and penguins, the timing is very bad. It is now the season for them to produce young, and parents must travel to sea often to get food for their babies. “The animals might have to go around the iceberg if it gets stuck,” Meijers explained. Such long trips use too much energy, which might cause many young animals to die of hunger, especially since they are already facing a bird flu problem. However, not all experts think a crash will happen. Raul Cordero, a researcher from a university in Chile, suggests the island’s natural water flow might help. “The island acts as a block for ocean currents and usually moves the water away before it reaches the land,” Cordero said. Since the iceberg moves with the water, the chance of a direct hit may be lower than people fear. The future of South Georgia’s animals is still uncertain. Whether A23a will pass the island or get stuck depends on the deep-sea shape and powerful currents. As the world’s largest iceberg continues its travel, researchers remain active in watching whether this moving giant will bring a disaster to one of the most important animal homes on Earth. 28．What may be the primary threat A23a creates to local species? A．Spreading dangerous diseases among animals. B．Occupying their natural living spaces on land. C．Increasing their energy costs for finding food. D．Polluting the shallow seabed around the island. 29．Why is the current timing particularly critical for local animals? A．They are struggling with a sudden health crisis. B．It matches the period for raising their young. C．They need to move to warmer areas for winter. D．Food resources are becoming extremely limited. 30．Which factor might prevent a crash with South Georgia? A．The iceberg’s tendency to break into pieces. B．The island’s special shape under the deep sea. C．The active protection from local research teams. D．The natural movement of water away from land. 31．What is the author’s attitude toward the island’s future? A．Objective. B．Optimistic. C．Tolerant. D．Dismissive. D Faced with worsening floods and a shortage of housing, the Netherlands is seeing growing interest in floating homes. When a heavy storm hit in October, 2022, residents of the floating community in Amsterdam had little doubt that they could ride it out. They tied up their bikes and outdoor benches, checked in with neighbors to ensure everyone had enough food and water, and stayed indoors safely as their neighborhood slid up and down its steel foundational post, rising along with the water and coming down to its original position after the rain stopped. “We feel safer in a storm because we are floating,” says Siti Boelen. “I think it’s kind of strange that building on water is not a priority worldwide.” A floating house can be constructed on any shoreline and is able to deal with rising seas or floods by remaining atop the water’s surface. Unlike houseboats, which can easily be untied and relocated, floating homes are fixed to the shore, often resting on steel poles, and are usually connected to the local waste water system and power supply. They are structurally similar to houses built on land, but instead of a basement, they have a concrete hull (混凝土船体) that acts as a counterbalance, allowing them to remain stable in the water. As sea levels rise and strong storms cause waters to rise, floating neighborhoods offer an experiment in flood defence that could allow coastal communities to better deal with climate change. In the land-short but crowded Netherlands, demand for such homes is growing. And, as more people look to build on the water there, officials are working to update zoning laws to make the construction of floating homes easier. “The authorities want to expand the concept of floating because it is multifunctional use of space for housing, and because the sustainable way is the way forward,” says Nienke Renssen, an Amsterdam city councilor. 32．How did the floating community residents react in the 2022 storm? A．They were forced to relocate to safe places. B．They felt calm and confident about survival. C．They called the government for emergency help. D．They complained about the design of the floating homes. 33．What makes a floating home different from a houseboat? A．It can be moved around easily. B．It is not linked to local living facilities. C．It has a basement to maintain balance in water. D．It is secured to the shore with supporting structures. 34．What is authorities’ attitude towards floating homes? A．Disapproving. B．Doubtful. C．Supportive. D．Objective. 35．What can be the best title for the text? A．Living on Water: A New Global Home Style B．Zoning Laws: A Key to Building Floating Homes C．Flood Control: A Main Function of Floating Homes D．Floating Homes: Solving Floods and Housing Shortage 第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Survive a Disaster Disasters can strike at any moment. If you learn the right survival skills and stay calm, you can make a big difference between life and death. Survival requires calmness, quick thinking, careful preparation and following basic safety rules. 36 Preparation is the first step toward survival. First, know all the emergency exits and safe places around you. Then, prepare an emergency kit (急救箱) consisting of necessary things like bottled water, canned food, a flashlight with extra batteries, a basic first-aid kit, a whistle (哨子) to call for help and a phone charger. 37 Remember to replace old food and water and add useful things based on your needs. 38 Fear is your biggest enemy in a disaster. It can make you lose your judgment and do dangerous things. If you are trapped, use a whistle or flashlight to signal for help instead of shouting loudly, which will only waste your energy and make you feel more tired. After the disaster ends and everything seems quiet, don’t rush back to damaged buildings right away. 39 Go to a safe place that the government sets up and wait for their instructions instead. Listen to the radio or TV for updates on safety and rescue work, and wait until it’s announced safe to go back home. In short, surviving a disaster depends on good preparation, calmness when danger comes and following safety rules strictly. By getting well-prepared and knowing what to do, you can protect yourself and your loved ones. 40 After all, being ready for the unexpected is the best way. A．There are things you can prepare for your phone. B．Besides, you can help reduce the harm the disaster brings. C．In a disaster, staying calm is the most important thing of all. D．These can greatly help you get through a disaster without harm. E．Keep it in an easy-to-reach place and update it every six months. F．If an earthquake hits, drop to the ground at once and hide under a strong table. G．They may still fall suddenly or have hidden dangers, which can cause more accidents. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 How big is space? That is a question man has been asking since the beginning of time. When your grandparents were in school, it was thought that the universe was very 41 , perhaps only 5,000 light years 42 . 500 years ago people considered that the universe was only a little bit 43 than the earth. In modern times with the 44 of technology we are finally starting to 45 the immense (无边的) size of the universe, and it is much bigger than anyone could have ever imagined. Scientists cannot stretch (伸展) a measuring tape from the earth to a nearby star, so how do they know how far away they are? Scientists use something 46 parallax (视差). Parallax means 47 that they look at how much the stars move in the sky 48 throughout the year as the earth circles the sun. This is not something 49 to you. In fact if you stretch out your hand in front of you and look at your thumb, while 50 one eye, and then the other, your thumb will 51 to move back and forth. Stars do the 52 thing, but our eyes are too close to see the 53 . However, if we take a picture while on one side of the earth’s orbit, and then take another when we get to the 54 side of the orbit, then we have a large enough 55 that we can see the stars’ parallax, and determine how far away they really are. 41．A．old B．big C．mysterious D．small 42．A．over B．across C．through D．outside 43．A．bigger B．smaller C．heavier D．nearer 44．A．popularity B．power C．energy D．strength 45．A．understand B．control C．imagine D．feel 46．A．honoured B．called C．considered D．believed 47．A．actually B．exactly C．generally D．simply 48．A．in and out B．back and forth C．sooner or later D．up and down 49．A．unacceptable B．unfamiliar C．unbelievable D．unnatural 50．A．covering B．opening C．controlling D．hiding 51．A．continue B．happen C．stop D．appear 52．A．common B．different C．strange D．same 53．A．result B．effect C．difference D．similarity 54．A．suitable B．same C．opposite D．correct 55．A．distance B．length C．height D．width 第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hulun Buir Grassland is  a world-famous natural pasture that not only supports diverse local wildlife but also serves as a vital ecological barrier. It 56 (locate) in north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it’s one of the four largest grasslands in the world, covering 57 area of around 113,000 square kilometers. Hulun Buir Grassland is famous for its vast meadows, winding rivers, and 58 (count) lakes. What makes it a breathtaking scenic spot is that it looks like a huge green carpet spread across the land, 59 more than 3,000 rivers wind like silver snakes and over 500 lakes shine like bright mirrors. In summer, colorful flowers bloom everywhere, 60 (turn) the green field into a beautiful painting. In addition to the stunning natural beauty, HulunBuir Grassland boasts a rich cultural heritage, which has been passed down through generations and is closely linked to the lives of nomadic tribes. It is the birthplace of many nomadic tribes. The 61 (local) have preserved many traditional customs and lifestyles, such as living in yurts, celebrating the Naadam Festival, 62 performing ethnic songs and dances. 63 its beauty, the Hulun Buir Grassland faces many challenges. In recent years, the ecological environment 64 (suffer) various degrees of damage. To protect this precious natural resource, the local government and partner organizations have taken a series of measures 65 (restore) the ecological balance of the grassland. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 66．假设你是学生李华，上周五你校邀请专家来校做了一场有关防震知识讲座，请你给学校英语报写一篇新闻报道，内容包括以下要点： 1．讲座内容； 2．讲座意义； 注意：1．词数80词左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 A Report on How to Survive in an Earthquake ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料：根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Another wildly bright lightning along with a thunder cracked in the sky! Mary swiftly threw herself into her Mum’s arms, burying her face into her chest and trembling with fright. “I think we should leave here right away!” She murmured in a crying tone. Instantly, Dad refused her request again for the fact that the city had already been flooded severely. As he saw through their window, the almost three-meter-high floodwater had already surrounded the apartment building like a wide river, several cars floating on it just like boats. “Black out!” Mary gasped fearfully, the wind roaring and the rain beating on the roof and windows, which made her even more nervous in the whole darkness. Mum took Mary’s hand and carefully led her to sit on the sofa, trying her best to comfort her. While she performed calmly, Mary could tell she was nervous too. “Let’s try to find a light source first and then see what other supplies we have.” Dad made an arrangement. Luckily, there was a flashlight, some packages of instant noodles, bread and some drinking water, which may help them get through the toughness for the half of the night. Without saying a single word, Dad turned on the flashlight, sat down and hugged his wife and daughter. The sudden silence in the house seemed to make the wind and rain more frightening outside. Only the light of the flashlight could now give them some warmth and a sense of little hope. “What about Mrs. Thomson? Old and weak, she must be extremely helpless.” Mum said with great concern when she thought about their nice neighbor who lived alone upstairs of the same building. After a brief discussion, Mum and Dad decided they should go and check whether Mrs. Thomson was fine. Mary, with heavy breath and pounding heart, stood up immediately, ready to bring all their supplies to Mrs. Thomson’s house.注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 In the darkness, they supported each other and went upstairs step by step with the light of the flashlight. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Suddenly, a bunch of searching light from a rescue boat flashed across Mrs. Thomson’s window. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共12页） 试题 第4页（共12页） 试题 第1页（共12页） 试题 第2页（共12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年高一必修第二册英语单元自测 Unit 5 Humans and Nature·能力提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the woman think is the most dangerous? A．A volcano. B．A hurricane. C．An earthquake. 2．What’s the news about? A．A damaged city. B．A natural disaster. C．A rescue plan. 3．What does the man suggest doing during the storm? A．Remaining indoors. B．Going to the shelter. C．Calling for helicopter rescue. 4．When did the fire probably break out? A．At about 7. B．At about 8. C．At about 9. 5．What do we know about the woman? A．She is a policewoman. B．She knows little about the fire. C．She is a survivor of the big fire. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What happened last night? A．There was an earthquake. B．There was heavy rain. C．A building fell down. 7．What was the woman doing then? A．Watching TV. B．Taking a shower. C．Running outside. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．How did the woman know the news? A．On TV. B．On the Internet. C．In a newspaper. 9．Where is the woman’s uncle staying now? A．At home. B．At a friend’s house. C．At a public shelter. 10．How does the man sound at the end of the conversation? A．Relieved. B．Worried. C．Surprised. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．What are the speakers talking about? A．Bushfires. B．Schools. C．Weather. 12．Where did over 100 schools close? A．In New South Wales. B．In Queensland. C．In South Australia. 13．What should the government immediately do according to the man? A．Gather more firefighters. B．Cut off electricity in some places. C．Protect firefighters from dangers. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14．What is the woman doing? A．Touring a town. B．Hosting a program. C．Doing a survey 15．What do people come to Harrogate for? A．Quietness. B．Mineral waters. C．Historic scenes. 16．What does Tom say about the Stray? A．It is in the east of Harrogate. B．It is protected by a special law. C．It was named after a land owner. 17．What attracts people most in the Stray in spring? A．Rare trees. B．Sports games. C．Beautiful flowers. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．How many people died in a landslide in 2003? A．About two hundred. B．Over one thousand. C．About two thousand. 19．What has Philippines banned for several years? A．Growing grass. B．Cutting down trees. C．Growing population. 20．What does the speaker advise to protect our environment? A．Growing more forests. B．Chopping down the old forests. C．Replacing the native’s forests with other plants. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Over the centuries, we have discovered more about our world, and think that everything that could be discovered already has been. But the truth is that the world holds many more secrets waiting to be revealed. Here are four places that have yet to be opened up completely. The Mariana Trench The deepest and darkest place in the ocean is the 11,000-meter-deep Mariana Trench. Due to cold temperatures and huge water pressure, the deep ocean is totally unfriendly to humans. Although technological advances have led to the discovery of many new varieties of deep-sea animals on the ocean floor, there is a lot more to be learned. The Amazon rainforest The Amazon rainforest is said to make up around 50% of all of the rainforests in the world. Interest in its climate and resources has resulted in certain explorations. However, due to the extreme difficulty in getting to and entering the region, full exploration of it has been almost impossible. Up to now, 2.5 million insect species and 400,000 plant species have been officially documented. Greenland About 81% of Greenland is covered in ice, so it is almost completely unpopulated. Greenland has only been explored to a limited extent, as the climate is quite unsuitable for human life. Although research explorations are currently being carried out, the most interesting research in Greenland might tell us more about the past than the present. Deserts It is almost impossible to survive long periods of time in the desert. Thus, desert explorations have frequently had terrible results — many people are known to have died on such explorations. It is unclear whether anything of particular interest would be uncovered by further research into deserts, although there are animal and plant species there which are special. 21．Why is the Amazon rainforest not fully explored? A．Unclear research results. B．Difficulty in reaching the region. C．The unwelcoming environments. D．Lack of interest in its climate and resources. 22．Which of the four locations may provide more information of the past? A．The Mariana Trench. B．The Amazon rainforest. C．Deserts. D．Greenland. 23．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A news report. B．A club poster. C．A book review. D．A science magazine. B For generations, the people of Havenbrook lived in peace, embraced by the beauty of the ocean and the quiet security of their coastal home. However, one terrible day, their peaceful life was turned upside down by a destructive natural disaster. The morning started like any other. The sun rose, casting its golden rays over the town. People woke up, prepared for their daily routine, and went about their business. Little did they know that a storm was growing far out on the ocean. As the day progressed, the sky began to darken, and the wind started to pick up. By afternoon, Havenbrook was in the control of a powerful hurricane. The hurricane’s strong winds tore through the town, cutting roofs into pieces and overturning trees. Huge waves from the ocean washed into the town, flooding streets and homes. Residents, caught unprepared, hurried to find shelter. Many were trapped in their homes, waiting in terror as the water rose higher and higher. It seemed as if the world were at an end. The town’s emergency services worked tirelessly to rescue those in danger. They used boats to travel through the flooded streets and transported people to safety. However, the storm was so powerful that even their efforts were limited. Many homes were completely destroyed, and lives were lost. The once-lively town was now a scene of ruin. After the hurricane, Havenbrook’s residents began the arduous task of rebuilding their lives. They worked together, sharing their resources and skills, to rebuild their homes and community. Support from outside the town poured in, with volunteers and donations helping to speed up the recovery process. Slowly but surely, Havenbrook began to rise from the ruins. 24．What can be learned about the residents from the first two paragraphs? A．They sensed the upcoming storm. B．They often suffered natural disasters. C．They were not prepared for daily life. D．They enjoyed a peaceful life before the disaster. 25．What happened when the hurricane hit the town? A．The residents ignored rescue work. B．The hurricane arrived with no warning. C．The residents left their homes instantly. D．The hurricane caused severe damage. 26．What action did the emergency services take during the disaster? A．They transported some people to safe places. B．They rescued everybody successfully by boat. C．They delayed their action until the storm ended. D．They refused to reach the affected areas due to the storm. 27．What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “arduous”? A．Challenging. B．Effortless. C．Deadly. D．Limited. C The huge iceberg A23a, a 3,500-square-kilometer ice mass that broke off from the Antarctic in 1986, is moving through the South Atlantic. After remaining grounded for over three decades, this “giant berg” is now following a path called “iceberg alley”, pushed by strong ocean currents. Scientists are keeping a careful watch on its path as it moves toward South Georgia, an important home for wild animals. The main worry is that the iceberg might strike the shallow seabed around the island. Andrew Meijers, an expert from the British Antarctic Survey, warns that the iceberg has not broken into pieces. “Predicting the exact path is difficult,” Meijers said, but current conditions suggest it could arrive in a few weeks. If A23a gets stuck, it could stay there for months, blocking the ways that local animals use to find food. For the island’s seals and penguins, the timing is very bad. It is now the season for them to produce young, and parents must travel to sea often to get food for their babies. “The animals might have to go around the iceberg if it gets stuck,” Meijers explained. Such long trips use too much energy, which might cause many young animals to die of hunger, especially since they are already facing a bird flu problem. However, not all experts think a crash will happen. Raul Cordero, a researcher from a university in Chile, suggests the island’s natural water flow might help. “The island acts as a block for ocean currents and usually moves the water away before it reaches the land,” Cordero said. Since the iceberg moves with the water, the chance of a direct hit may be lower than people fear. The future of South Georgia’s animals is still uncertain. Whether A23a will pass the island or get stuck depends on the deep-sea shape and powerful currents. As the world’s largest iceberg continues its travel, researchers remain active in watching whether this moving giant will bring a disaster to one of the most important animal homes on Earth. 28．What may be the primary threat A23a creates to local species? A．Spreading dangerous diseases among animals. B．Occupying their natural living spaces on land. C．Increasing their energy costs for finding food. D．Polluting the shallow seabed around the island. 29．Why is the current timing particularly critical for local animals? A．They are struggling with a sudden health crisis. B．It matches the period for raising their young. C．They need to move to warmer areas for winter. D．Food resources are becoming extremely limited. 30．Which factor might prevent a crash with South Georgia? A．The iceberg’s tendency to break into pieces. B．The island’s special shape under the deep sea. C．The active protection from local research teams. D．The natural movement of water away from land. 31．What is the author’s attitude toward the island’s future? A．Objective. B．Optimistic. C．Tolerant. D．Dismissive. D Faced with worsening floods and a shortage of housing, the Netherlands is seeing growing interest in floating homes. When a heavy storm hit in October, 2022, residents of the floating community in Amsterdam had little doubt that they could ride it out. They tied up their bikes and outdoor benches, checked in with neighbors to ensure everyone had enough food and water, and stayed indoors safely as their neighborhood slid up and down its steel foundational post, rising along with the water and coming down to its original position after the rain stopped. “We feel safer in a storm because we are floating,” says Siti Boelen. “I think it’s kind of strange that building on water is not a priority worldwide.” A floating house can be constructed on any shoreline and is able to deal with rising seas or floods by remaining atop the water’s surface. Unlike houseboats, which can easily be untied and relocated, floating homes are fixed to the shore, often resting on steel poles, and are usually connected to the local waste water system and power supply. They are structurally similar to houses built on land, but instead of a basement, they have a concrete hull (混凝土船体) that acts as a counterbalance, allowing them to remain stable in the water. As sea levels rise and strong storms cause waters to rise, floating neighborhoods offer an experiment in flood defence that could allow coastal communities to better deal with climate change. In the land-short but crowded Netherlands, demand for such homes is growing. And, as more people look to build on the water there, officials are working to update zoning laws to make the construction of floating homes easier. “The authorities want to expand the concept of floating because it is multifunctional use of space for housing, and because the sustainable way is the way forward,” says Nienke Renssen, an Amsterdam city councilor. 32．How did the floating community residents react in the 2022 storm? A．They were forced to relocate to safe places. B．They felt calm and confident about survival. C．They called the government for emergency help. D．They complained about the design of the floating homes. 33．What makes a floating home different from a houseboat? A．It can be moved around easily. B．It is not linked to local living facilities. C．It has a basement to maintain balance in water. D．It is secured to the shore with supporting structures. 34．What is authorities’ attitude towards floating homes? A．Disapproving. B．Doubtful. C．Supportive. D．Objective. 35．What can be the best title for the text? A．Living on Water: A New Global Home Style B．Zoning Laws: A Key to Building Floating Homes C．Flood Control: A Main Function of Floating Homes D．Floating Homes: Solving Floods and Housing Shortage 第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Survive a Disaster Disasters can strike at any moment. If you learn the right survival skills and stay calm, you can make a big difference between life and death. Survival requires calmness, quick thinking, careful preparation and following basic safety rules. 36 Preparation is the first step toward survival. First, know all the emergency exits and safe places around you. Then, prepare an emergency kit (急救箱) consisting of necessary things like bottled water, canned food, a flashlight with extra batteries, a basic first-aid kit, a whistle (哨子) to call for help and a phone charger. 37 Remember to replace old food and water and add useful things based on your needs. 38 Fear is your biggest enemy in a disaster. It can make you lose your judgment and do dangerous things. If you are trapped, use a whistle or flashlight to signal for help instead of shouting loudly, which will only waste your energy and make you feel more tired. After the disaster ends and everything seems quiet, don’t rush back to damaged buildings right away. 39 Go to a safe place that the government sets up and wait for their instructions instead. Listen to the radio or TV for updates on safety and rescue work, and wait until it’s announced safe to go back home. In short, surviving a disaster depends on good preparation, calmness when danger comes and following safety rules strictly. By getting well-prepared and knowing what to do, you can protect yourself and your loved ones. 40 After all, being ready for the unexpected is the best way. A．There are things you can prepare for your phone. B．Besides, you can help reduce the harm the disaster brings. C．In a disaster, staying calm is the most important thing of all. D．These can greatly help you get through a disaster without harm. E．Keep it in an easy-to-reach place and update it every six months. F．If an earthquake hits, drop to the ground at once and hide under a strong table. G．They may still fall suddenly or have hidden dangers, which can cause more accidents. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 How big is space? That is a question man has been asking since the beginning of time. When your grandparents were in school, it was thought that the universe was very 41 , perhaps only 5,000 light years 42 . 500 years ago people considered that the universe was only a little bit 43 than the earth. In modern times with the 44 of technology we are finally starting to 45 the immense (无边的) size of the universe, and it is much bigger than anyone could have ever imagined. Scientists cannot stretch (伸展) a measuring tape from the earth to a nearby star, so how do they know how far away they are? Scientists use something 46 parallax (视差). Parallax means 47 that they look at how much the stars move in the sky 48 throughout the year as the earth circles the sun. This is not something 49 to you. In fact if you stretch out your hand in front of you and look at your thumb, while 50 one eye, and then the other, your thumb will 51 to move back and forth. Stars do the 52 thing, but our eyes are too close to see the 53 . However, if we take a picture while on one side of the earth’s orbit, and then take another when we get to the 54 side of the orbit, then we have a large enough 55 that we can see the stars’ parallax, and determine how far away they really are. 41．A．old B．big C．mysterious D．small 42．A．over B．across C．through D．outside 43．A．bigger B．smaller C．heavier D．nearer 44．A．popularity B．power C．energy D．strength 45．A．understand B．control C．imagine D．feel 46．A．honoured B．called C．considered D．believed 47．A．actually B．exactly C．generally D．simply 48．A．in and out B．back and forth C．sooner or later D．up and down 49．A．unacceptable B．unfamiliar C．unbelievable D．unnatural 50．A．covering B．opening C．controlling D．hiding 51．A．continue B．happen C．stop D．appear 52．A．common B．different C．strange D．same 53．A．result B．effect C．difference D．similarity 54．A．suitable B．same C．opposite D．correct 55．A．distance B．length C．height D．width 第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hulun Buir Grassland is  a world-famous natural pasture that not only supports diverse local wildlife but also serves as a vital ecological barrier. It 56 (locate) in north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it’s one of the four largest grasslands in the world, covering 57 area of around 113,000 square kilometers. Hulun Buir Grassland is famous for its vast meadows, winding rivers, and 58 (count) lakes. What makes it a breathtaking scenic spot is that it looks like a huge green carpet spread across the land, 59 more than 3,000 rivers wind like silver snakes and over 500 lakes shine like bright mirrors. In summer, colorful flowers bloom everywhere, 60 (turn) the green field into a beautiful painting. In addition to the stunning natural beauty, HulunBuir Grassland boasts a rich cultural heritage, which has been passed down through generations and is closely linked to the lives of nomadic tribes. It is the birthplace of many nomadic tribes. The 61 (local) have preserved many traditional customs and lifestyles, such as living in yurts, celebrating the Naadam Festival, 62 performing ethnic songs and dances. 63 its beauty, the Hulun Buir Grassland faces many challenges. In recent years, the ecological environment 64 (suffer) various degrees of damage. To protect this precious natural resource, the local government and partner organizations have taken a series of measures 65 (restore) the ecological balance of the grassland. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 66．假设你是学生李华，上周五你校邀请专家来校做了一场有关防震知识讲座，请你给学校英语报写一篇新闻报道，内容包括以下要点： 1．讲座内容； 2．讲座意义； 注意：1．词数80词左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 A Report on How to Survive in an Earthquake _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料：根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Another wildly bright lightning along with a thunder cracked in the sky! Mary swiftly threw herself into her Mum’s arms, burying her face into her chest and trembling with fright. “I think we should leave here right away!” She murmured in a crying tone. Instantly, Dad refused her request again for the fact that the city had already been flooded severely. As he saw through their window, the almost three-meter-high floodwater had already surrounded the apartment building like a wide river, several cars floating on it just like boats. “Black out!” Mary gasped fearfully, the wind roaring and the rain beating on the roof and windows, which made her even more nervous in the whole darkness. Mum took Mary’s hand and carefully led her to sit on the sofa, trying her best to comfort her. While she performed calmly, Mary could tell she was nervous too. “Let’s try to find a light source first and then see what other supplies we have.” Dad made an arrangement. Luckily, there was a flashlight, some packages of instant noodles, bread and some drinking water, which may help them get through the toughness for the half of the night. Without saying a single word, Dad turned on the flashlight, sat down and hugged his wife and daughter. The sudden silence in the house seemed to make the wind and rain more frightening outside. Only the light of the flashlight could now give them some warmth and a sense of little hope. “What about Mrs. Thomson? Old and weak, she must be extremely helpless.” Mum said with great concern when she thought about their nice neighbor who lived alone upstairs of the same building. After a brief discussion, Mum and Dad decided they should go and check whether Mrs. Thomson was fine. Mary, with heavy breath and pounding heart, stood up immediately, ready to bring all their supplies to Mrs. Thomson’s house.注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 In the darkness, they supported each other and went upstairs step by step with the light of the flashlight. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Suddenly, a bunch of searching light from a rescue boat flashed across Mrs. Thomson’s window. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $听力考试正式开始。What do you think would be more dangerous? A volcano erupting . or a hurricane? Llanos are scary, but I always think in earthquake is the worst thing that could happen. Having said that, if you don't tidy your room before dad gets back, that's pretty dangerous. Listen to the next question. Glia, have you seen the news? The river has burst its banks and parts of the city are underwater. That's terrible. I heard some buildings were destroyed, but is next to the timely arrival of the rescue team. No one was hurt. Listen to the next question. Did you see the people who need to evacuate? Yes, helicopters are transporting them to shelter. What should we do? The storm could affect us to. right? Don't drive or walk outside until it's safe. Listen to the next question. Please tell us when the big fire broke out. Let me think I got home from work at seven o'clock. Then I called my mother at eight. About an hour later, when I was about to go to bed, suddenly I heard a cry for help outside. Listen to the next question. Have you heard of the same polo fire? Yes. IT is said that over two . hundred . people died . in the fire. A big tragedy, yes. But do you know I am one of the very lucky people who escaped from the fire? Listen to the next question. Did you feel the earthquake last night? IT was a big one. I was sitting on the couch watching T. V. When the couch started to shake. What were you doing at that time? I was taking a shower. I quickly wrapped myself in a towel and ran out of the bathroom. That must have been . scary for sure, but i'm glad that nobody got hurt and no buildings collapsed. Me too. Did you feel the earthquake . e last night? Yes, IT was a big one. I was sitting on the couch watching T. V. When the couch started to shake. What were you doing at that time? I was taking a shower. I quickly wrapped myself in a towel and ran out of the bathroom. That must have been . scary for sure, but i'm glad that nobody got hurt and no buildings collapsed. Me too. Listen to the next question. Hey, Hillary, have you watched the news about a watermelon television? Are you talking about the hurricane? I read them on a website this morning. Yeah, he looked terrible. right? Really terrible. Actually, my uncle lives in guma. We talked to him as soon as we heard of that, and his house was destroyed. Oh, no. Is he okay? yeah. Luckily he didn't get hurt. He heard on the news that a storm was coming. So he went to a public storm shelter. I am happy he is OK. That is awful about his house, though. What going to do? He is at a friend's house now, and he will fix his house as soon . as possible. Well, that is good news. Hey Hillary, have you watched the news about a watermelon television? Are you talking about the hurricane? I read IT on a website this morning. Yeah, he looked terrible. right? Really terrible. Actually, my uncle lives in guadala. We talked to him as soon as we heard of that, and his house was destroyed. Oh, no. Is he okay? yeah. Luckily he didn't get hurt. He heard on the news that a storm was coming, so he went to a public storm shelter. I am happy he is OK. That is awful about his house, though. What is he going to do? He is at a friend's house now, and he will fix his house as soon . as possible. Well, that is good news. Listen to the next question. What serious bushfires they are? Have you heard? Yeah, I heard of them while watching T. V last night. IT said that they have destroyed hundreds . of homes and killed four people. More than one hundred schools have closed because of terribly dangerous conditions. Have they been controlled yet? I'm afraid not. More than one thousand, three hundred firefighters are still fighting the fires in new south whales and queensland near its northern border. I think the government should take some measures to put out the fires as soon as possible. I do agree with you. I think presently the most urgent measure is to switch off electricity in south australia. The power line may start new bushfires. and it's easy for a fire to break out as a result of high temperature and dry weather. That's true. What serious bushfires they are. Have you heard? Yeah, I heard of them watching T. V. Last night. IT said that they have destroyed hundreds . of homes and killed four people. more. More than one hundred schools have closed because of terribly dangerous conditions. Have they been controlled yet? I'm afraid not. More than one thousand three hundred firefighters are still fighting the fires in new south wales and queensland near its northern border. I think the government should take some measures to put out the fires as . soon as possible. I do agree with you. I think presently the most urgent measure is to switch off electricity in south australia. The power line may start new bushfires. and it's easy for a fire to break out as a result of high temperature and dry weather. That's true. Listen to the next question. Welcome to this week's program up your street. We will take you to arrogate a small town in. I'm with tom, president of the chAmber of commerce. Tom, tell us more about harrogate. okay? Harrogate became a fashionable resort during Victoria. In times when people came to take a bath in the mineral waters today, few people come for its mineral waters. Instead, harrogate has become a popular town for people to retire to. IT has clean air, attractive parks. You can see any industry is an ideal spot for people who want to lead a quiet life. Tom, one visitor, here's that. Harrogate has a large area of open parkland right down into the middle of the town. Can you tell us more about IT? Certainly the area is called the tray, because in the old days, people let their cattle . strain in the area. Oh. I see. Then farming and land ownership have changed. The tray became part of a land owned by . herry gate and is IT protected forever. Yes, there is a special law. No one can build anything in the stray. It's protected forever. As you can see, some of the tray is used for sports fields. I believe that looks lovely in the spring. Yes, IT does. There are spring flowers and the old trees and people visit the town just to see the flowers. Welcome to this week's program up your street. We will take you to arrogate a small town in york. Kare, i'm with tom, president of the chAmber of commerce. Tom, tell us more about . harrogate. okay? Hero ate became . a fashionable resort during Victorian times when people came to take a bath in the mineral waters. Today, few people come for its mineral waters. Instead, harrogate has become a popular town for people to retire to. IT has clean air, attractive parks. You can see any industry is an ideal spot for people who want to lead a quiet life. Tom, one visitor, here's that. Harrogate has the large area of open parkland write down into the middle of the town. Can you tell us more . about IT? Certainly the area is called the tray, because in the old days, people let their cattle strain . in the area. Oh. I see. Then farming and land ownership have changed. The tray became part of a land owned by herry gate . and is IT protected forever. Yes, there is a special law. No one can build anything in the tray. It's protected forever. As you can see, some of the tray is used for sports fields. I believe that looks a lovely in the spring. Yes, IT does. There are spring flowers and the old trees, and people visit the town just to see the flowers. Listen to the next question. Trees are pretty important to the environment. So that makes sense that if you chop down too many of these and don't replace them and you're going to run into all sorts of problems, the Philippines knows all about that. Its lost more than two thirds of its forest area in less than a hundred years. In two thousand and three, a slide of a large masses of dirt and rock down a mountain or Cliff, or we call a landslide, killed around two hundred people. Recently, another landslide buried an entire village in mud. It's believed more than one thousand people died. The cause of the landslide is still being debated. Most say IT was the heavy rainfall. I mean, we're talking about two thousand millimeters of rain in ten days. That's quite a downpour. Some say a minor earthquake played apart, while others blamed the removal of trees. Of course, IT could be a combination of all those things. While the Philippines banned chopping down trees for several years, IT started again in two thousand and five, partly because the Philippines population is growing at a rapid rate, so the land is needed for housing and farming. So how do you support the increasing population without ruining the environment? Grow more plantations, forests which are for commercial use, and don't destroy our native forests. Trees are pretty important to the environment. So that makes sense that if you chop down too many of these and don't replace them and you're going to run into all sorts of problems, the Philippines knows all about that. Its lost more than two thirds of its forest area in less than a hundred years. In two thousand and three, a slide of a large mass of dirt and rock down a mountain or Cliff, or we call a landslide, killed around two hundred people. Recently, another landslide buried an entire village in mud. It's believed more than one thousand people died. The cause of the landslide is still being debated. Most say IT was the heavy rainfall. I mean, we're talking about two thousand millimeters of rain in ten days. That's quite a downpour. Some say a minor earthquake played a part, while others blamed the removal of trees. Of course, IT could be a combination of all those things. While the Philippines is banned chopping down trees for several years, IT started again in two thousand and five, partly because the Philippines population is growing at a rapid rate, so the land is needed for housing and farming. So how do you support the increasing population without ruining the environment? Grow more plantations, forests, which are for commercial use and don't destroy our native forests. 听力部分到此结束。 2026-2027学年高一必修第二册英语单元自测 Unit 5 Humans and Nature·能力提升卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the woman think is the most dangerous? A．A volcano. B．A hurricane. C．An earthquake. 【答案】C 【原文】M: What do you think would be more dangerous? A volcano erupting or a hurricane? W: Volcanoes are scary, but I always think an earthquake is the worst thing that could happen. Having said that, if you don’t tidy your room before Dad gets back, that’s pretty dangerous! 2．What’s the news about? A．A damaged city. B．A natural disaster. C．A rescue plan. 【答案】B 【详解】M: Jillia, have you seen the news? The river has burst his banks and parts of the city are underwater. W: That’s terrible. I heard some buildings was destroyed but thanks to the timely arrival of the rescue team, no one was hurt. 3．What does the man suggest doing during the storm? A．Remaining indoors. B．Going to the shelter. C．Calling for helicopter rescue. 【答案】A 【原文】W: Did you see the people who need to evacuate? M: Yes, helicopters are transporting them to shelter. W: What should we do? The storm could affect us too. M: Right. Don’t drive or walk outside until it’s safe. 4．When did the fire probably break out? A．At about 7. B．At about 8. C．At about 9. 【答案】C 【原文】M: Please tell us when the big fire broke out. W: Let me think. I got home from work at 7 o’clock. Then I called my mother at 8. About an hour later, when I was about to go to bed, suddenly I heard a cry for help outside. 5．What do we know about the woman? A．She is a policewoman. B．She knows little about the fire. C．She is a survivor of the big fire. 【答案】C 【原文】W: Have you heard of the St. Paulo Fire? M: Yes, it is said that over 200 people died in the fire. A big tragedy! W: Yes, but do you know I am one of the very lucky people who escaped from the fire? 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What happened last night? A．There was an earthquake. B．There was heavy rain. C．A building fell down. 7．What was the woman doing then? A．Watching TV. B．Taking a shower. C．Running outside. 【答案】6．A 7．B 【原文】W: Did you feel the earthquake last night? M: Yes, it was a big one. I was sitting on the couch watching TV when the couch started to shake. What were you doing at that time? W: I was taking a shower. I quickly wrapped myself in a towel and ran out of the bathroom. M: That must have been scary. W: For sure. But I’m glad that nobody got hurt and no buildings collapsed. M: Me too. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．How did the woman know the news? A．On TV. B．On the Internet. C．In a newspaper. 9．Where is the woman’s uncle staying now? A．At home. B．At a friend’s house. C．At a public shelter. 10．How does the man sound at the end of the conversation? A．Relieved. B．Worried. C．Surprised. 【答案】8．B 9．B 10．A 【原文】M: Hey, Hillary. Have you watched the news about Guatemala on television? W: Are you talking about the hurricane? I read it on a website this morning. M: Yeah. It looked terrible, right? W: Really terrible. Actually, my uncle lives in Guatemala. We talked to him as soon as we heard of that, and his house was destroyed! M: Oh, no! Is he OK? W: Yeah, luckily, he didn’t get hurt. He heard on the news that a storm was coming, so he went to a public storm shelter. M: I am happy he is OK. That is awful about his house though. What is he going to do? W: He is at a friend’s house now, and he will fix his house as soon as possible. M: Well, that is good news. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．What are the speakers talking about? A．Bushfires. B．Schools. C．Weather. 12．Where did over 100 schools close? A．In New South Wales. B．In Queensland. C．In South Australia. 13．What should the government immediately do according to the man? A．Gather more firefighters. B．Cut off electricity in some places. C．Protect firefighters from dangers. 【答案】11．A 12．C 13．B 【原文】W: What serious bushfires they are! Have you heard? M: Yeah. I heard of them while watching TV last night. W: It’s said that they have destroyed hundreds of homes and killed four people. M: What’s more, in the state of South Australia, more than 100 schools have closed because of terribly dangerous conditions. W: Have they been controlled yet? M: I’m afraid not. More than 1300 firefighters are still fighting the fires in New South Wales and Queensland near its northern border. W: I think the government should take some measures to put out the fires as soon as possible. M: I do agree with you. I think presently the most urgent measure is to switch off electricity in South Australia. The power line may start new bushfires. W: And it’s easy for a fire to break out as a result of high temperature and dry weather. M: That’s true. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14．What is the woman doing? A．Touring a town. B．Hosting a program. C．Doing a survey 15．What do people come to Harrogate for? A．Quietness. B．Mineral waters. C．Historic scenes. 16．What does Tom say about the Stray? A．It is in the east of Harrogate. B．It is protected by a special law. C．It was named after a land owner. 17．What attracts people most in the Stray in spring? A．Rare trees. B．Sports games. C．Beautiful flowers. 【答案】14．B 15．A 16．B 17．C 【原文】W: Welcome to this week’s program Up Your Street. We will take you to Harrogate, a small town in Yorkshire. I’m with Tom, President of the Chamber of Commerce. Tom, tell us more about Harrogate. M: OK. Harrogate became a fashionable resort during Victorian Times, when people came to take a bath in the mineral waters. Today, few people come for its mineral waters. Instead, Harrogate has become a popular town for people to retire to. It has clean air, attractive parks. You can’t see any industry. It’s an ideal spot for people who want to lead a quiet life. W: Tom, one visitor hears that Harrogate has the large area of open parkland right down into the middle of the town. Can you tell us more about it? M: Certainly. The area is called the Stray. Because in the old days, people let their cattle stray in the area. W: Oh, I see. M: Then, farming and land ownership have changed. The Stray became part of the land owned by Harrogate. W: And is it protected forever? M: Yes. There is a special law — no one can build anything in the Stray. It’s protected forever. As you can see, some of the Stray is used for sports fields. W: I believe it looks lovely in the spring. M: Yes, it does. There’re spring flowers in the old trees, and people visit the town just to see the flowers. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．How many people died in a landslide in 2003? A．About two hundred. B．Over one thousand. C．About two thousand. 19．What has Philippines banned for several years? A．Growing grass. B．Cutting down trees. C．Growing population. 20．What does the speaker advise to protect our environment? A．Growing more forests. B．Chopping down the old forests. C．Replacing the native’s forests with other plants. 【答案】18．A 19．B 20．A 【原文】 W: Trees are pretty important to the environment. So it makes sense that if you chop down too many of these and don’t replace them, and you’re going to run into all sorts of problems. The Philippines knows all about that. It’s lost more than two thirds of its forest area in less than a hundred years. In 2003, a slide of a large mass of dirt and rock down a mountain or cliff, or we call a landslide, killed around two hundred people. Recently another landslide buried an entire village in mud. It’s believed more than one thousand people died.The cause of this landslide is still being debated. Most say it was the heavy rainfall. I mean we’re talking about two thousand millimeters of rain in ten days that’s quite a downpour. Some say a minor earthquake played a part, while others blamed the removal of trees. Of course, it could be a combination of all those things. While the Philippines banned chopping down trees for several years, it started again in 2005. Partly because the Philippines population is growing at a rapid rate, so the land is needed for housing and farming. So how do you support the increasing population without ruining the environment? Grow more plantations — forests, which are for commercial use. And don’t destroy our native’s forests. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Over the centuries, we have discovered more about our world, and think that everything that could be discovered already has been. But the truth is that the world holds many more secrets waiting to be revealed. Here are four places that have yet to be opened up completely. The Mariana Trench The deepest and darkest place in the ocean is the 11,000-meter-deep Mariana Trench. Due to cold temperatures and huge water pressure, the deep ocean is totally unfriendly to humans. Although technological advances have led to the discovery of many new varieties of deep-sea animals on the ocean floor, there is a lot more to be learned. The Amazon rainforest The Amazon rainforest is said to make up around 50% of all of the rainforests in the world. Interest in its climate and resources has resulted in certain explorations. However, due to the extreme difficulty in getting to and entering the region, full exploration of it has been almost impossible. Up to now, 2.5 million insect species and 400,000 plant species have been officially documented. Greenland About 81% of Greenland is covered in ice, so it is almost completely unpopulated. Greenland has only been explored to a limited extent, as the climate is quite unsuitable for human life. Although research explorations are currently being carried out, the most interesting research in Greenland might tell us more about the past than the present. Deserts It is almost impossible to survive long periods of time in the desert. Thus, desert explorations have frequently had terrible results — many people are known to have died on such explorations. It is unclear whether anything of particular interest would be uncovered by further research into deserts, although there are animal and plant species there which are special. 21．Why is the Amazon rainforest not fully explored? A．Unclear research results. B．Difficulty in reaching the region. C．The unwelcoming environments. D．Lack of interest in its climate and resources. 22．Which of the four locations may provide more information of the past? A．The Mariana Trench. B．The Amazon rainforest. C．Deserts. D．Greenland. 23．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A news report. B．A club poster. C．A book review. D．A science magazine. 【答案】21．B 22．D 23．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了世界上仍有四处地方未被完全探索，分别是马里亚纳海沟、亚马逊雨林、格陵兰岛和沙漠。 【详解】21．细节理解题。根据The Amazon rainforest部分中“However, due to the extreme difficulty in getting to and entering the region, full exploration of it has been almost impossible. (然而，由于到达和进入该地区极其困难，对它的全面探索几乎是不可能的。)”可知，亚马逊雨林未被完全探索是因为难以抵达该地区。故选B。 22．细节理解题。根据Greenland部分中“Although research explorations are currently being carried out, the most interesting research in Greenland might tell us more about the past than the present. (尽管目前正在进行研究探索，但格陵兰岛最有趣的研究可能会让我们更多地了解过去而非现在。)”可知，格陵兰岛可能提供更多关于过去的信息。故选D。 23．推理判断题。根据第一段“But the truth is that the world holds many more secrets waiting to be revealed. Here are four places that have yet to be opened up completely. (但事实是，世界还有更多秘密等待被揭开。这里有四处尚未被完全开发的地方。)”以及全文内容可知，本文介绍了地球上几处尚未被完全探索的神秘地区，属于科普类内容，最可能出自科学杂志。故选D。 B For generations, the people of Havenbrook lived in peace, embraced by the beauty of the ocean and the quiet security of their coastal home. However, one terrible day, their peaceful life was turned upside down by a destructive natural disaster. The morning started like any other. The sun rose, casting its golden rays over the town. People woke up, prepared for their daily routine, and went about their business. Little did they know that a storm was growing far out on the ocean. As the day progressed, the sky began to darken, and the wind started to pick up. By afternoon, Havenbrook was in the control of a powerful hurricane. The hurricane’s strong winds tore through the town, cutting roofs into pieces and overturning trees. Huge waves from the ocean washed into the town, flooding streets and homes. Residents, caught unprepared, hurried to find shelter. Many were trapped in their homes, waiting in terror as the water rose higher and higher. It seemed as if the world were at an end. The town’s emergency services worked tirelessly to rescue those in danger. They used boats to travel through the flooded streets and transported people to safety. However, the storm was so powerful that even their efforts were limited. Many homes were completely destroyed, and lives were lost. The once-lively town was now a scene of ruin. After the hurricane, Havenbrook’s residents began the arduous task of rebuilding their lives. They worked together, sharing their resources and skills, to rebuild their homes and community. Support from outside the town poured in, with volunteers and donations helping to speed up the recovery process. Slowly but surely, Havenbrook began to rise from the ruins. 24．What can be learned about the residents from the first two paragraphs? A．They sensed the upcoming storm. B．They often suffered natural disasters. C．They were not prepared for daily life. D．They enjoyed a peaceful life before the disaster. 25．What happened when the hurricane hit the town? A．The residents ignored rescue work. B．The hurricane arrived with no warning. C．The residents left their homes instantly. D．The hurricane caused severe damage. 26．What action did the emergency services take during the disaster? A．They transported some people to safe places. B．They rescued everybody successfully by boat. C．They delayed their action until the storm ended. D．They refused to reach the affected areas due to the storm. 27．What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “arduous”? A．Challenging. B．Effortless. C．Deadly. D．Limited. 【答案】24．D 25．D 26．A 27．A 【导语】主要讲述海滨小镇黑文布鲁克遭遇飓风重创，居民在多方助力下携手合作、齐心协力重建家园，逐步恢复小镇生机的故事。 【详解】24．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“For generations, the people of Havenbrook lived in peace, embraced by the beauty of the ocean and the quiet security of their coastal home.(长久以来，黑文布鲁克的居民安居乐业，享受着海滨美景与安稳宁静的沿海生活。)”可知，在灾害来临之前，当地居民一直过着安稳平和的生活。 25．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The hurricane’s strong winds tore through the town, cutting roofs into pieces and overturning trees. Huge waves from the ocean washed into the town, flooding streets and homes.(飓风的狂风横扫小镇，撕碎屋顶、刮倒树木。海中巨浪冲进小镇，淹没街道和房屋。)”可知，飓风给小镇带来了极强的破坏力，造成了严重的灾害损失。 26．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“They used boats to travel through the flooded streets and transported people to safety.(应急人员乘船穿行在被淹没的街道中，将受灾民众转移至安全区域。)”可知，灾害发生时，应急服务人员尽力开展救援，将部分民众送往安全地带。 27．词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“After the hurricane, Havenbrook’s residents began the arduous task of rebuilding their lives.(飓风过后，黑文布鲁克的居民开启了重建生活的arduous工作。)”可知，小镇遭遇毁灭性破坏，灾后重建工作难度极大、耗费心力，因此画线单词意为“艰难的、具有挑战性的”，与 Challenging 意义相近。 C The huge iceberg A23a, a 3,500-square-kilometer ice mass that broke off from the Antarctic in 1986, is moving through the South Atlantic. After remaining grounded for over three decades, this “giant berg” is now following a path called “iceberg alley”, pushed by strong ocean currents. Scientists are keeping a careful watch on its path as it moves toward South Georgia, an important home for wild animals. The main worry is that the iceberg might strike the shallow seabed around the island. Andrew Meijers, an expert from the British Antarctic Survey, warns that the iceberg has not broken into pieces. “Predicting the exact path is difficult,” Meijers said, but current conditions suggest it could arrive in a few weeks. If A23a gets stuck, it could stay there for months, blocking the ways that local animals use to find food. For the island’s seals and penguins, the timing is very bad. It is now the season for them to produce young, and parents must travel to sea often to get food for their babies. “The animals might have to go around the iceberg if it gets stuck,” Meijers explained. Such long trips use too much energy, which might cause many young animals to die of hunger, especially since they are already facing a bird flu problem. However, not all experts think a crash will happen. Raul Cordero, a researcher from a university in Chile, suggests the island’s natural water flow might help. “The island acts as a block for ocean currents and usually moves the water away before it reaches the land,” Cordero said. Since the iceberg moves with the water, the chance of a direct hit may be lower than people fear. The future of South Georgia’s animals is still uncertain. Whether A23a will pass the island or get stuck depends on the deep-sea shape and powerful currents. As the world’s largest iceberg continues its travel, researchers remain active in watching whether this moving giant will bring a disaster to one of the most important animal homes on Earth. 28．What may be the primary threat A23a creates to local species? A．Spreading dangerous diseases among animals. B．Occupying their natural living spaces on land. C．Increasing their energy costs for finding food. D．Polluting the shallow seabed around the island. 29．Why is the current timing particularly critical for local animals? A．They are struggling with a sudden health crisis. B．It matches the period for raising their young. C．They need to move to warmer areas for winter. D．Food resources are becoming extremely limited. 30．Which factor might prevent a crash with South Georgia? A．The iceberg’s tendency to break into pieces. B．The island’s special shape under the deep sea. C．The active protection from local research teams. D．The natural movement of water away from land. 31．What is the author’s attitude toward the island’s future? A．Objective. B．Optimistic. C．Tolerant. D．Dismissive. 【答案】28．C 29．B 30．D 31．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。巨型冰山A23a正向野生动物栖息地移动，可能阻碍动物觅食，也有人认为洋流能避开撞击，其影响仍未知，科学家持续监测。 【详解】28．细节理解题。根据第三段“Such long trips use too much energy, which might cause many young animals to die of hunger, especially since they are already facing a bird flu problem.(如此漫长的长途旅行会消耗大量能量，这可能导致许多幼崽死于饥饿，尤其是在它们已然面临禽流感问题的情况下。)”可知，冰山会增加当地动物觅食的能量消耗，威胁它们的生存。故选C项。 29．细节理解题。根据第三段“For the island’s seals and penguins, the timing is very bad. It is now the season for them to produce young, and parents must travel to sea often to get food for their babies.(对岛上的海豹和企鹅来说，此时机十分不利。现在正是它们繁育后代的季节，成年动物需要频繁出海为幼崽觅食。)”可知，当下正是它们抚育幼崽的关键时期。故选B项。 30．细节理解题。根据第四段““The island acts as a block for ocean currents and usually moves the water away before it reaches the land,” Cordero said. Since the iceberg moves with the water, the chance of a direct hit may be lower than people fear.(科德罗说：“这座岛就像洋流屏障，通常会在水流抵达陆地前将其引开。”由于冰山会随水流移动，直接撞击的可能性可能比人们担心的要低。)”可知，远离陆地的自然水流运动可能避免冰山撞击岛屿。故选D项。 31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The future of South Georgia’s animals is still uncertain. Whether A23a will pass the island or get stuck depends on the deep-sea shape and powerful currents. As the world’s largest iceberg continues its travel, researchers remain active in watching whether this moving giant will bring a disaster to one of the most important animal homes on Earth.(南乔治亚岛动物的未来仍充满不确定性。A23a冰山是会经过该岛，还是会搁浅，取决于深海地形与强劲洋流。随着这座全球最大冰山继续行进，研究人员仍在密切监测，观察这个 “移动的庞然大物” 是否会给地球上最重要的动物栖息地之一带来灾难。)”可知，作者客观陈述各方观点与未知的影响，不悲观也不乐观，态度客观中立。故选A项。 D Faced with worsening floods and a shortage of housing, the Netherlands is seeing growing interest in floating homes. When a heavy storm hit in October, 2022, residents of the floating community in Amsterdam had little doubt that they could ride it out. They tied up their bikes and outdoor benches, checked in with neighbors to ensure everyone had enough food and water, and stayed indoors safely as their neighborhood slid up and down its steel foundational post, rising along with the water and coming down to its original position after the rain stopped. “We feel safer in a storm because we are floating,” says Siti Boelen. “I think it’s kind of strange that building on water is not a priority worldwide.” A floating house can be constructed on any shoreline and is able to deal with rising seas or floods by remaining atop the water’s surface. Unlike houseboats, which can easily be untied and relocated, floating homes are fixed to the shore, often resting on steel poles, and are usually connected to the local waste water system and power supply. They are structurally similar to houses built on land, but instead of a basement, they have a concrete hull (混凝土船体) that acts as a counterbalance, allowing them to remain stable in the water. As sea levels rise and strong storms cause waters to rise, floating neighborhoods offer an experiment in flood defence that could allow coastal communities to better deal with climate change. In the land-short but crowded Netherlands, demand for such homes is growing. And, as more people look to build on the water there, officials are working to update zoning laws to make the construction of floating homes easier. “The authorities want to expand the concept of floating because it is multifunctional use of space for housing, and because the sustainable way is the way forward,” says Nienke Renssen, an Amsterdam city councilor. 32．How did the floating community residents react in the 2022 storm? A．They were forced to relocate to safe places. B．They felt calm and confident about survival. C．They called the government for emergency help. D．They complained about the design of the floating homes. 33．What makes a floating home different from a houseboat? A．It can be moved around easily. B．It is not linked to local living facilities. C．It has a basement to maintain balance in water. D．It is secured to the shore with supporting structures. 34．What is authorities’ attitude towards floating homes? A．Disapproving. B．Doubtful. C．Supportive. D．Objective. 35．What can be the best title for the text? A．Living on Water: A New Global Home Style B．Zoning Laws: A Key to Building Floating Homes C．Flood Control: A Main Function of Floating Homes D．Floating Homes: Solving Floods and Housing Shortage 【答案】32．B 33．D 34．C 35．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了荷兰浮动房屋应对洪水和住房短缺问题的情况。 【详解】32．细节理解题。根据第二段“When a heavy storm hit in October, 2022, residents of the floating community in Amsterdam had little doubt that they could ride it out.(2022年10月，一场暴风雨来袭，阿姆斯特丹浮动社区的居民毫不怀疑他们能够挺过去)”以及“We feel safer in a storm because we are floating(我们在暴风雨中感觉更安全，因为我们是漂浮的)”可知，浮动社区的居民对生存感到平静和自信。故选B。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段“Unlike houseboats, which can easily be untied and relocated, floating homes are fixed to the shore, often resting on steel poles, and are usually connected to the local waste water system and power supply.(与可以轻松解开并重新安置的船屋不同，浮动房屋固定在岸边，通常支撑在钢柱上，通常与当地废水系统和电源相连)”可知，浮动房屋与船屋的不同之处在于浮动房屋用支撑结构固定在岸边。故选D。 34．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The authorities want to expand the concept of floating because it is multifunctional use of space for housing, and because the sustainable way is the way forward(当局希望扩大浮动房屋的概念，因为它是住房空间的多功能利用，而且可持续的方式是未来的发展方向)”可知，当局对浮动房屋的态度是支持的。故选C。 35．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Faced with worsening floods and a shortage of housing, the Netherlands is seeing growing interest in floating homes.(面对日益严重的洪水和住房短缺，荷兰对浮动房屋的兴趣日益浓厚)”可知，文章主要讲述了荷兰浮动房屋应对洪水和住房短缺问题的情况，因此D选项“浮动房屋：解决洪水和住房短缺问题”最符合文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选D。 第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Survive a Disaster Disasters can strike at any moment. If you learn the right survival skills and stay calm, you can make a big difference between life and death. Survival requires calmness, quick thinking, careful preparation and following basic safety rules. 36 Preparation is the first step toward survival. First, know all the emergency exits and safe places around you. Then, prepare an emergency kit (急救箱) consisting of necessary things like bottled water, canned food, a flashlight with extra batteries, a basic first-aid kit, a whistle (哨子) to call for help and a phone charger. 37 Remember to replace old food and water and add useful things based on your needs. 38 Fear is your biggest enemy in a disaster. It can make you lose your judgment and do dangerous things. If you are trapped, use a whistle or flashlight to signal for help instead of shouting loudly, which will only waste your energy and make you feel more tired. After the disaster ends and everything seems quiet, don’t rush back to damaged buildings right away. 39 Go to a safe place that the government sets up and wait for their instructions instead. Listen to the radio or TV for updates on safety and rescue work, and wait until it’s announced safe to go back home. In short, surviving a disaster depends on good preparation, calmness when danger comes and following safety rules strictly. By getting well-prepared and knowing what to do, you can protect yourself and your loved ones. 40 After all, being ready for the unexpected is the best way. A．There are things you can prepare for your phone. B．Besides, you can help reduce the harm the disaster brings. C．In a disaster, staying calm is the most important thing of all. D．These can greatly help you get through a disaster without harm. E．Keep it in an easy-to-reach place and update it every six months. F．If an earthquake hits, drop to the ground at once and hide under a strong table. G．They may still fall suddenly or have hidden dangers, which can cause more accidents. 【答案】36．D 37．E 38．C 39．G 40．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍灾难生存方法：提前准备应急物品，灾难中保持冷静、正确求救，灾后不贸然返回危险建筑。做好准备、保持冷静、遵守规则，就能保护自己并减少灾害损失。 36．根据上文“Disasters can strike at any moment. If you learn the right survival skills and stay calm, you can make a big difference between life and death. Survival requires calmness, quick thinking, careful preparation and following basic safety rules.(灾难随时都可能降临。如果你掌握了正确的生存技能并且保持冷静，就能在生死之间产生重大影响。生存需要冷静、敏捷的思维、周全的准备以及遵循基本的安全规则)”可知，前一句提到生存需要冷静、快速反应、准备、遵守规则。D选项“这些能极大帮你平安度过灾难”承接上文总结作用，符合语境，故选D。 37．根据上文“Then, prepare an emergency kit (急救箱) consisting of necessary things like bottled water, canned food, a flashlight with extra batteries, a basic first-aid kit, a whistle (哨子) to call for help and a phone charger.(然后，准备一个应急包，里面应包含诸如瓶装水、罐装食品、带有备用电池的手电筒、基本的急救包、用于呼救的哨子以及手机充电器等必需物品)”可知，前一句讲准备急救箱里的物品。E选项“放在易取处，每6个月更新” 是对急救箱的补充说明，符合语境，故选E。 38．根据后文“Fear is your biggest enemy in a disaster. It can make you lose your judgment and do dangerous things. If you are trapped, use a whistle or flashlight to signal for help instead of shouting loudly, which will only waste your energy and make you feel more tired.(在灾难中，恐惧是你的最大敌人。它会让你失去判断力，做出危险的行为。如果你被困住，应使用哨子或手电筒发出求救信号，而不要大声呼喊，因为那样只会浪费你的体力，让你更加疲惫)”可知，本段核心是恐惧是最大敌人，要冷静、不浪费体力。C选项“灾难中保持冷静最重要”作为段落主题句，符合语境，故选C。 39．根据上文“After the disaster ends and everything seems quiet, don’t rush back to damaged buildings right away.(灾难结束，一切似乎都恢复平静之后，不要急于立刻返回那些受损的建筑物那里)”可知，前一句提到不要立刻回到受损建筑。G选项“它们可能突然倒塌或有隐患，造成更多事故”解释为什么不能回去，符合语境，故选G。 40．根据上文“By getting well-prepared and knowing what to do, you can protect yourself and your loved ones.(做好充分准备并清楚该怎么做，就能保护好自己以及所爱的人)”可知，前一句提到你可以保护自己和家人。B选项“此外，你还能帮助减少灾难带来的伤害” 承接并升华意义，符合语境，故选B。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 How big is space? That is a question man has been asking since the beginning of time. When your grandparents were in school, it was thought that the universe was very 41 , perhaps only 5,000 light years 42 . 500 years ago people considered that the universe was only a little bit 43 than the earth. In modern times with the 44 of technology we are finally starting to 45 the immense (无边的) size of the universe, and it is much bigger than anyone could have ever imagined. Scientists cannot stretch (伸展) a measuring tape from the earth to a nearby star, so how do they know how far away they are? Scientists use something 46 parallax (视差). Parallax means 47 that they look at how much the stars move in the sky 48 throughout the year as the earth circles the sun. This is not something 49 to you. In fact if you stretch out your hand in front of you and look at your thumb, while 50 one eye, and then the other, your thumb will 51 to move back and forth. Stars do the 52 thing, but our eyes are too close to see the 53 . However, if we take a picture while on one side of the earth’s orbit, and then take another when we get to the 54 side of the orbit, then we have a large enough 55 that we can see the stars’ parallax, and determine how far away they really are. 41．A．old B．big C．mysterious D．small 42．A．over B．across C．through D．outside 43．A．bigger B．smaller C．heavier D．nearer 44．A．popularity B．power C．energy D．strength 45．A．understand B．control C．imagine D．feel 46．A．honoured B．called C．considered D．believed 47．A．actually B．exactly C．generally D．simply 48．A．in and out B．back and forth C．sooner or later D．up and down 49．A．unacceptable B．unfamiliar C．unbelievable D．unnatural 50．A．covering B．opening C．controlling D．hiding 51．A．continue B．happen C．stop D．appear 52．A．common B．different C．strange D．same 53．A．result B．effect C．difference D．similarity 54．A．suitable B．same C．opposite D．correct 55．A．distance B．length C．height D．width 【答案】 41．D 42．B 43．A 44．B 45．A 46．B 47．D 48．B 49．B 50．A 51．D 52．D 53．C 54．C 55．A 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了人类对宇宙大小认知的演变（从认为很小到发现其无边无际），再详细解释科学家如何利用视差法测量恒星与地球的距离，并通过生活中“捂眼看大拇指”的例子通俗说明视差原理。 【详解】41．考查形容词。句意：当你的祖父母还在上学的时候，人们认为宇宙非常小，也许只有5000 光年宽。A. old古老的；旧的；B. big大的；C. mysterious神秘的；D. small小的。根据下文“perhaps only 5,000 light years”提到可能只有5000光年，且下文“and it is much bigger than anyone could have ever imagined”对比“现代发现宇宙比任何人想象的都大得多”，说明过去人类普遍认为宇宙很小。 42．考查介词。句意：当你的祖父母还在上学的时候，人们认为宇宙非常小，也许跨度只有5000 光年。A. over在……上方；B. across横跨，从一边到另一边（表跨度）；C. through穿过（从内部）；D. outside在……外面。根据句意以及上文“perhaps only 5,000 light years”可知，此处为“数字 + 长度单位 + across”是固定表达，用于描述物体的直径/横向跨度，这里表示宇宙跨度仅5000 光年，符合过去对宇宙大小的认知。 43．考查形容词。句意：500 年前，人们认为宇宙只比地球大一点点。A. bigger更大的；B. smaller更小的；C. heavier更重的；D. nearer更近的。根据上文“it was thought that the universe was very _______”可知，500 年前人类的认知更局限，认为宇宙只比地球“大一点点”。 44．考查名词。句意：在现代，借助科技的力量，我们终于开始逐渐了解宇宙的浩瀚规模，它比任何人所能想象的都要大得多。A. popularity流行，普及；B. power力量；C. energy能量，精力；D. strength体力，强度。根据句意以及上文“In modern times”和空后“technology”可知，此处为随着技术的发展，借助科技的力量，我们终于开始了解宇宙的巨大尺寸。 45．考查动词。句意：在现代，借助科技的力量，我们终于开始逐渐了解宇宙的浩瀚规模，它比任何人所能想象的都要大得多。A. understand理解；B. control控制；C. imagine想象；D. feel感觉。根据下文“it is much bigger than anyone could have ever imagined”提到它比任何人曾经想象的都大得多，说明过去人类只能“想象”，而现代技术让我们真正开始理解宇宙的真实大小。 46．考查动词。句意：科学家使用一种叫做视差的方法。A. honoured被尊敬；B. called被叫做，被称为；C. considered被认为，被看作；D. believed被相信。根据句意以及下文“parallax”可知，此处指的是科学家使用一种叫做视差的方法。 47．考查副词。句意：视差简单来说就是他们观察到恒星在天空中随地球绕太阳公转而来回移动的幅度。A. actually实际上；B. exactly精确地，确切地；C. generally通常，普遍地；D. simply简单地。根据后文“that they look at how much the stars move in the sky”用通俗的语言解释视差的原理，因此此处用“simply”表示“简单来说”，符合科普文的解释逻辑。 48．考查固定短语。句意：视差简单来说就是他们观察到恒星在天空中随地球绕太阳公转而来回移动的幅度。A. in and out进进出出；B. back and forth来回地，往返地；C. sooner or later迟早；D. up and down上下地。根据下文“your thumb will __________ to move back and forth”提到你的大拇指看起来会来回移动，可知，地球绕太阳公转时，从地球上看，恒星在天空中会呈现来回移动的视差效果。 49．考查形容词。句意：这对你来说并不陌生。A. unacceptable不可接受的；B. unfamiliar不熟悉的；C. unbelievable难以置信的；D. unnatural不自然的。根据后文“look at your thumb, while __________ one eye”紧接着举了“捂眼看大拇指”的生活例子，说明视差现象其实是人们熟悉的。 50．考查动词。句意：事实上，如果你把手伸到面前，遮住一只眼睛，然后换另一只眼睛看你的拇指，你的拇指就会前后移动。A. covering 覆盖；B. opening打开；C. controlling控制；D. hiding隐藏。根据常识以及下文“one eye, and then the other”可知，这是生活中观察视差的标准动作：伸出手，捂住一只眼睛看大拇指，再换另一只眼睛，大拇指会看起来在移动。 51．考查动词。句意：事实上，如果你把手伸到面前，遮住一只眼睛，然后换另一只眼睛看你的拇指，你的拇指就会前后移动。A. continue继续；B. happen发生；C. stop停止；D. appear看起来，似乎。根据句意以及下文“to move back and forth”可知，大拇指本身并没有真的移动，只是因为两只眼睛的视角不同，看起来在来回移动。 52．考查形容词。句意：恒星也是如此，但我们的眼睛离得太近，无法看出差别。A. common普通的，常见的；B. different不同的；C. strange奇怪的；D. same相同的。根据句意以及下文“but our eyes are too close to see the ________”可知，星的视差现象和大拇指的视差现象是完全相同的原理，只是恒星距离太远，肉眼无法直接察觉。 53．考查名词。句意：恒星也是如此，但我们的眼睛离得太近，无法看出差别。A. result结果；B. effect效果，影响；C. difference差异，不同；D. similarity相似性。根据句意以及上文“but our eyes are too close”可知，我们的眼睛间距太小，无法看到恒星位置的这种差异。 54．考查形容词。句意：然而，如果我们先在地球轨道的一侧拍摄一张照片，然后在到达轨道的另一侧时再拍摄一张，这样就能获得足够大的距离差，从而能够观测到星星的视差现象，并据此确定它们的实际距离。A. suitable合适的；B. same相同的；C. opposite相反的，对面的；D. correct正确的。根据句意以及上文“if we take a picture while on one side of the earth’s orbit”可知，要产生足够大的视差，需要在地球轨道的两端（即相对的两个位置）拍摄恒星。 55．考查名词。句意：然而，如果我们先在地球轨道的一侧拍摄一张照片，然后在到达轨道的另一侧时再拍摄一张，这样就能获得足够大的距离差，从而能够观测到星星的视差现象，并据此确定它们的实际距离。A. distance距离；B. length长度；C. height高度；D. width宽度。根据句意以及下文“and determine how far away they really are”可知，地球轨道两端的距离足够大，才能让科学家观测到恒星的视差，进而计算出恒星与地球的实际距离。 第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hulun Buir Grassland is  a world-famous natural pasture that not only supports diverse local wildlife but also serves as a vital ecological barrier. It 56 (locate) in north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it’s one of the four largest grasslands in the world, covering 57 area of around 113,000 square kilometers. Hulun Buir Grassland is famous for its vast meadows, winding rivers, and 58 (count) lakes. What makes it a breathtaking scenic spot is that it looks like a huge green carpet spread across the land, 59 more than 3,000 rivers wind like silver snakes and over 500 lakes shine like bright mirrors. In summer, colorful flowers bloom everywhere, 60 (turn) the green field into a beautiful painting. In addition to the stunning natural beauty, HulunBuir Grassland boasts a rich cultural heritage, which has been passed down through generations and is closely linked to the lives of nomadic tribes. It is the birthplace of many nomadic tribes. The 61 (local) have preserved many traditional customs and lifestyles, such as living in yurts, celebrating the Naadam Festival, 62 performing ethnic songs and dances. 63 its beauty, the Hulun Buir Grassland faces many challenges. In recent years, the ecological environment 64 (suffer) various degrees of damage. To protect this precious natural resource, the local government and partner organizations have taken a series of measures 65 (restore) the ecological balance of the grassland. 【答案】 56．is located 57．an 58．countless 59．where 60．turning 61．locals 62．and 63．Despite 64．has suffered 65．to restore 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了呼伦贝尔草原的自然美景、文化特色以及面临的生态挑战和保护措施。 56．考查时态语态。句意：它位于中国北方的内蒙古自治区，是世界上四大草原之一，面积约11.3万平方公里。be located in表示“位于”，描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为it，be动词用is。故填is located。 57．考查冠词。句意：它位于中国北方的内蒙古自治区，是世界上四大草原之一，面积约11.3万平方公里。此处area为泛指，且是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 58．考查形容词。句意：呼伦贝尔草原以其广阔的草地、蜿蜒的河流和无数的湖泊而闻名。修饰名词lakes应用形容词countless，表示“无数的”。故填countless。 59．考查定语从句。句意：使它成为一个令人叹为观止的景点的是，它看起来像一张巨大的绿色地毯铺在大地上，3000多条河流像银蛇一样蜿蜒而过，500多个湖泊像明亮的镜子一样闪闪发光。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词land，且land在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。故填where。 60．考查非谓语动词。句意：夏天，到处都是五颜六色的花朵，把绿色的田野变成了一幅美丽的图画。句子谓语动词是bloom，空格处在句中应用非谓语动词形式，turn与其逻辑主语flowers构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，表示意料之中的结果。故填turning。 61．考查名词。句意：当地人保留了许多传统习俗和生活方式，如住在蒙古包里，庆祝那达慕大会，表演民族歌舞。作主语，表示“当地人”应用名词复数locals。故填locals。 62．考查连词。句意：当地人保留了许多传统习俗和生活方式，如住在蒙古包里，庆祝那达慕大会，表演民族歌舞。结合前后文语境可知，living，celebrating与performing为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 63．考查介词。句意：尽管呼伦贝尔草原很美，但它面临着许多挑战。结合句意前后句存在转折关系，表示“尽管”，应用介词despite，且后接名词短语its beauty，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Despite。 64．考查时态。句意：近年来，生态环境遭受了不同程度的破坏。根据上文In recent years可知，句子时态为现在完成时，主语为the ecological environment，助动词用has。故填has suffered。 65．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保护这一珍贵的自然资源，当地政府和合作伙伴组织采取了一系列措施来恢复草原的生态平衡。句子谓语动词是have taken，restore在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语应用不定式。故填to restore。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 66．假设你是学生李华，上周五你校邀请专家来校做了一场有关防震知识讲座，请你给学校英语报写一篇新闻报道，内容包括以下要点： 1．讲座内容； 2．讲座意义； 注意：1．词数80词左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 A Report on How to Survive in an Earthquake _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: A Report on How to Survive in an Earthquake Last Friday, our school invited Dr. Zhang, a famous earthquake safety expert, to deliver an informative lecture on earthquake preparedness and survival skills. Dr. Zhang explained what to do before, during, and after an earthquake. He emphasized the importance of staying calm, taking cover under sturdy furniture, and avoiding windows or elevators. Through vivid videos and real-life examples, he made the knowledge easy to understand and remember. The lecture greatly raised our awareness of disaster prevention and equipped us with practical life-saving skills. Many students said they would share what they learned with their families. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以学生李华的身份，给学校英语报写一篇新闻报道，介绍上周五学校邀请专家开展的防震知识讲座，包括讲座内容和讲座意义。 【详解】1.词汇积累 著名的：famous → renowned 强调：emphasize → stress 提高：raise → enhance 记住：remember → memorize 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：He emphasized the importance of staying calm, taking cover under sturdy furniture, and avoiding windows or elevators. 拓展句：He emphasized that we should stay calm, take cover under sturdy furniture, and avoid windows or elevators. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Dr. Zhang explained what to do before, during, and after an earthquake.（运用了“疑问词+to do”结构作宾语） 【高分句型2】Many students said they would share what they learned with their families.（运用了what引导的宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料：根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Another wildly bright lightning along with a thunder cracked in the sky! Mary swiftly threw herself into her Mum’s arms, burying her face into her chest and trembling with fright. “I think we should leave here right away!” She murmured in a crying tone. Instantly, Dad refused her request again for the fact that the city had already been flooded severely. As he saw through their window, the almost three-meter-high floodwater had already surrounded the apartment building like a wide river, several cars floating on it just like boats. “Black out!” Mary gasped fearfully, the wind roaring and the rain beating on the roof and windows, which made her even more nervous in the whole darkness. Mum took Mary’s hand and carefully led her to sit on the sofa, trying her best to comfort her. While she performed calmly, Mary could tell she was nervous too. “Let’s try to find a light source first and then see what other supplies we have.” Dad made an arrangement. Luckily, there was a flashlight, some packages of instant noodles, bread and some drinking water, which may help them get through the toughness for the half of the night. Without saying a single word, Dad turned on the flashlight, sat down and hugged his wife and daughter. The sudden silence in the house seemed to make the wind and rain more frightening outside. Only the light of the flashlight could now give them some warmth and a sense of little hope. “What about Mrs. Thomson? Old and weak, she must be extremely helpless.” Mum said with great concern when she thought about their nice neighbor who lived alone upstairs of the same building. After a brief discussion, Mum and Dad decided they should go and check whether Mrs. Thomson was fine. Mary, with heavy breath and pounding heart, stood up immediately, ready to bring all their supplies to Mrs. Thomson’s house.注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 In the darkness, they supported each other and went upstairs step by step with the light of the flashlight. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Suddenly, a bunch of searching light from a rescue boat flashed across Mrs. Thomson’s window. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】    In the darkness, they supported each other and went upstairs step by step with the light of the flashlight. The water had already seeped into the stairwell, making each step slippery and dangerous. Mary clung tightly to her parents’hands, her heart pounding with a mix of fear and determination. When they finally reached Mrs. Thomson’s door, Dad knocked gently but firmly. After what felt like an eternity, the door creaked open, revealing Mrs. Thomson’s frightened face. “Thank goodness you’re here!” she whispered, her voice trembling. They quickly helped her gather her essential belongings and led her back downstairs to their apartment, where they all huddled together, finding comfort in each other's presence.   Suddenly, a bunch of searching light from a rescue boat flashed across Mrs. Thomson’s window. “Look!” Mary exclaimed, pointing excitedly. Dad grabbed the flashlight and waved it back and forth, signaling for help. Within minutes, they heard the sound of voices and the gentle lapping of the boat against the building. The rescue team arrived just in time, helping them all into the boat and to safety. As they sailed away from the flooded apartment, Mary looked back, feeling grateful for the bravery and love that had kept them together through the storm. 【导语】本文以一场突如其来的洪水为背景展开。在洪水肆虐、城市被淹的危急时刻，Mary一家在停电的黑暗中，不仅关心自身的安危，还牵挂着独居楼上、年老体弱的邻居Mrs. Thomson。在决定去查看并帮助她的过程中，他们展现了在灾难面前的互助与关爱。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“在黑暗中，他们互相扶持，借着手电筒的光一步一步地上楼。”可知，第一段可以描写他们上楼找到Mrs. Thomson并带她一起下楼的过程。 ②由第二段句首内容“突然，一束来自救援船的探照灯扫过Mrs. Thomson的窗户。”可知，第二段可以描写他们获救的过程以及获救后的感受。 2.续写线索：上楼找Mrs. Thomson——带她一起下楼——探照灯扫过窗户——呼救——获救——感激 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①抓紧：cling tightly to/grasp firmly ②跳动：pound/beat ③显露；出现：reveal/appear ④颤抖：temble/shake 情绪类 ①害怕的：frightened/scared ②感激的：grateful/appreciative 【点睛】【高分句型1】The water had already seeped into the stairwell, making each step slippery and dangerous.（运用了现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】As they sailed away from the flooded apartment, Mary looked back, feeling grateful for the bravery and love that had kept them together through the storm.（运用了As引导的时间状语从句、分词作状语以及that引导的定语从句） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $