U6 Period 6 单元语法(1)：Relative Clauses (3) [定语从句(3)]-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语必修第二册同步导学案配套PPT课件（北师大版）

必修第二册 UNIT 6　THE ADMIRABLE Period 6　Focus on Language 单元语法(1)：Relative Clauses (3) [定语从句(3)] 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 核心语法 专项突破 课堂检测 素养达标 核心语法 专项突破 [语法体会] ①However，after a year or so in which they became more serious about their work，the band started to play and sing their own songs like a real band. ②However，the next King of Prussia，Frederick William Ⅰ，to whom the amber room belonged，decided not to keep it. ③Later，they may give performances in pubs or clubs，for which they are paid in cash. ④They may start as a group of high-school students，for whom practising their music in someone's house is the first step to fame. 自我探究： 1．以上四个句子都是使用了“ ______________”引导的定语从句。先行词若指物，那么介词后的关系代词用 ________________；若指人，则用 ________________。 2．以上四个句子中，第①句是 ________________定语从句，第②③④句是 ________________定语从句。 介词＋关系代词 which whom 限制性 非限制性 [知识精要] 1．“介词＋关系代词”结构引导定语从句时，关系代词只能用which (指物) 或whom (指人)，即：介词＋which/whom，并且不能省略。 If you have anything on which you want my opinions，feel free to see me. 如果你们有什么事需要征求我的意见的话，随时来找我。 I took a photo of the students，among whom was seated a teacher. 我给这些学生拍了一张照片，他们中间坐着一位老师。 2．“介词＋which”在定语从句中作时间、地点、原因状语时，相当于关系副词when，where，why。 She still remembers the day on which (＝when) she won the prize. 她仍然记得自己获奖的那一天。 This is the house in which (＝where) I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住过的房子。 We didn't know the reason for which (＝why) he refused our help. 我们不知道他拒绝我们的帮助的原因。 注意：当定语从句中的谓语动词短语是固定搭配不可分割时，那么该动词短语中的介词不能前置，如listen to，look at，look for，look into，depend on，make use of，pay attention to，take care of等。 This is the pen which I'm looking for. 这是我正在找的那支钢笔。 3．介词前有时加名词、数词等，构成“名词/数词/不定代词＋of which/whom”结构，在定语从句中作主语。 English is a language shared by several diverse cultures，each of which uses it differently. 英语是一种多元文化共享的语言，每一种文化都以不同的方式使用它。 I collected some books，the covers of which (＝whose covers/of which the covers) are yellow with years. 我收藏了一些书，它们的封面因年代久远都变黄了。 注意：“介词＋关系代词(which/whom)”是定语从句的重点和难点。对于如何确定关系代词(which/whom)前面的介词，下面介绍一个办法：“一先，二动，三意义”。 “一先”，即根据先行词来确定介词。 The factory in which I'm working mainly produces computers. 我工作所在的工厂主要生产电脑。(in which代替in the factory，在工厂里用介词in) “二动”，即根据定语从句中的谓语动词来确定介词。 In the dark street there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help. 在漆黑的街道上她没有一个人可以求助。(to whom代替to a single person；turn to sb.for help向某人求助) “三意义”，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。 In the office I never seem to have time until after 5：30 p.m.，by which time many people have gone home. 在办公室里，下午5：30以前我似乎永远没有时间，而到那时，许多人已经回家了。 4．“复合介词＋which”引导的定语从句，常用逗号与先行词隔开，而且定语从句常用倒装语序。 He lived in a big house，in front of which stood a big tall tree. 他住在一幢大房子里，房前有一棵大树。 注意：“介词＋where”和“介词＋which”的用法不同，如： His head soon appeared out of the window，from where he saw nothing but trees. 他的头很快从窗口露出来，从那儿除了树木他什么也看不见。(from where相当于from out of the window，而不是from the window) 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The man with ________________ I shook hands just now is my daughter's English teacher. 2．The naughty boy made a hole in the wall through ________________ he could see what was happening outside. 3．I bought ten pencils，the half of ____________ I gave to my brother. whom which which 4．I think you hurt his pride by laughing at the way ________________ which he speaks English. 5．I wish to visit the West Lake ________________which Hangzhou is famous. 6．He opens a door ________________ which our imagination enters a new world, a world of love, beauty and heroism. in for through 7．The police arrested the very man in ________________ backpack I found my lost wallet. 8．We're amazed at the means ________________ which ancient Egyptians moved the stones. 9．I lost a book the title ________________ which I can't remember now. 10．He is an expert on rice planting from ________________ the local villagers have learnt a lot. whose by of whom Ⅱ.完成句子 1．很多学生高度评价这个志愿者活动，他们从中受益匪浅。 Many students think highly of the volunteer activity, ___________________________________________. 2．他递给我一支笔，我用它写下了自己的名字。 He handed me a pen _____________________________________． from which they (have) benefited a lot with which I wrote down my name 3．我们班是由52名学生组成的，他们都很友好和勤奋。 Our class is made up of 52 students, ___________________________ ___________________． 4．他们来到一座房子，房前坐着一个小男孩。 They arrived at a house _____________________________． all of whom are friendly and hard-working in front of which sat a little boy 5．我们缺两个人，没有他们，我们将不能按时完成任务。 We are short of two people, __________________________________ ___________________ on time. without whom we won't be able to finish the task $$