内容正文:
2025年中考英语满分冲刺之易错题轻松突破
易错点04 定语从句
定语从句概念:
定语从句,也被叫做形容词性从句,它的作用是修饰句子里的名词或者代词。在功能上,它类似于一个形容词,能够对先行词(被定语从句修饰的词)进行进一步描述,从而让句子表意更加丰富、精准。
构成要素
· 先行词:也就是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词,它可以是一个简单的名词,像 “book” “student” 等,也能是一个短语,例如 “the man in the hat”。
· 关系词:起到引导定语从句的作用,同时它还在从句里充当一定的句子成分。常见的关系词有 “who” “whom” “whose” “which” “that” “when” “where” “why” 等。
示例
· 例句:The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister.(那个穿着红色连衣裙的女孩是我的姐姐 / 妹妹。)
· 解析:在这个句子里,“the girl” 是先行词,“who is wearing a red dress” 是定语从句,用来对 “the girl” 进行修饰。“who” 作为关系词,在从句中充当主语,指的是 “the girl”。
分类
· 限定性定语从句:对先行词起到必要的限定作用,要是去掉这个从句,句子的意思就会不完整或者发生改变。此类从句和主句之间不用逗号隔开。例如:The students who study hard will pass the exam.(努力学习的学生将会通过考试。)
· 非限定性定语从句:对先行词进行补充说明,就算去掉,也不会影响句子的主要意思。它和主句之间用逗号隔开。例如:My mother, who is a teacher, loves her job.(我的妈妈是一名老师,她热爱她的工作。)
关系代词和关系副词的误用
混淆原因:关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或定语,而关系副词在从句中充当状语。学生常常难以准确判断从句中所缺成分,从而混淆两者用法。
1.(2024・湖北武汉・中考真题)This is the factory ______ my father used to work.
A. which B. that C. where D. when
2.(2023・四川成都・中考真题)I still remember the day ______ we first met.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
3.(2022・江苏苏州・中考真题)The reason ______ he was late for school is that he missed the early bus.
A. which B. that C. why D. what
4.(2021・广东广州・中考真题)This is the house ______ I lived two years ago.
A. which B. that C. where D. when
5.(2024・山东青岛・中考真题)I will never forget the moment ______ I heard the good news.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
6.(2023・重庆・中考真题)The library ______ I often borrow books from is very big.
A. which B. where C. when D. why
7.(2022・浙江杭州・中考真题)The school ______ my sister studies at is far from home.
A. where B. which C. when D. why
8.(2021・河北・中考真题)I like the museum ______ we visited last year.
A. where B. which C. when D. who
9.(2024・安徽・中考真题)The park ______ we went for a picnic yesterday is very beautiful.
A. which B. that C. where D. who
10.(2023・天津・中考真题)The house ______ windows face south is mine.
A. which B. that C. whose D. who
定语从句的主谓一致
混淆原因:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,学生难以确定从句谓语动词的单复数形式应与先行词保持一致,尤其是当先行词的形式较为复杂时。
11.(2024・江西・中考真题)He is one of the students who ______ good at playing basketball in our class.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
12.(2023・湖北黄冈・中考真题)The man who ______ singing on the stage is my music teacher.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
13.(2022・湖南长沙・中考真题)The book which ______ on the desk is mine.
A. lie B. lies C. lying D. to lie
14.(2021・四川绵阳・中考真题)I know the boys who ______ football on the playground now.
A. play B. plays C. are playing D. is playing
15.(2024・陕西・中考真题)The woman who ______ in red is my mother.
A. wear B. wears C. wearing D. to wear
16.(2023・辽宁大连・中考真题)The students who ______ to the old people's home are from our school.
A. go B. goes C. going D. to go
17.(2022・黑龙江哈尔滨・中考真题)The girl who ______ dancing over there is my sister.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
18.(2021・吉林长春・中考真题)The man who ______ glasses is my English teacher.
A. wear B. wears C. wearing D. to wear
19.(2024・内蒙古包头・中考真题)The people who ______ in the village are very friendly.
A. live B. lives C. living D. to live
20.(2023・广西南宁・中考真题)The boy who ______ football in the park is my brother.
A. play B. plays C. playing D. to play
特殊先行词下关系词的选择
混淆原因:当先行词为特殊词,如不定代词(all, everything, nothing, something, anything 等)、被序数词或形容词最高级修饰的词、the only, the very 等修饰的词时,关系词的选择有特定规则,学生容易记错或忽略这些规则。
21.(2024・江苏南京・中考真题)Is there anything ______ I can do for you?
A. which B. that C. what D. who
22.(2023・湖北襄阳・中考真题)This is the most interesting story ______ I have ever heard.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
23.(2022・山东潍坊・中考真题)All ______ we need is enough money.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
24.(2021・广东深圳・中考真题)This is the first book ______ I read this year.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
25.(2024・浙江宁波・中考真题)He is the only one of the students ______ passed the exam.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
26.(2023・四川德阳・中考真题)The last place ______ we visited in the trip was the Great Wall.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
27.(2022・河南・中考真题)Everything ______ you told me is true.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
28.(2021・福建・中考真题)This is the best film ______ I have ever seen.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
29.(2024・海南・中考真题)He is the very person ______ I want to see.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
A组 中考真题
1.(2024•乐山)﹣I'll never forget the experiences we had in the volunteer work last summer.
﹣Me too.The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun.( )
A.when B.who C.that
2.(2024•遂宁)﹣What kind of movies do you like best?
﹣I like the movies____make me feel happy and relaxed.( )
A.what B.which C.who D./
3.(2024•呼和浩特)Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those____grow up in the right family,while others believe that success mostly comes down to hard work.( )
A.who B. whose C.which D. whom
4.(2024•牡丹江)The "Kemusan" dance is an eye﹣catching dance performance ______ is quite popular these days.( )
A. who B. which C. whose
5.(2024•长春) As a science lover,I hope I can invent a bike ___________can fly in the sky.( )
A. where B. when C. which D. who
6.(2024•临夏州)A true friend is a person_____can help you when you are in trouble.( )
A.who B.whom C.whose D.which
7.(2024•西藏)Although my grandfather is over 90 years old,he still remembers the people he met when he was young.( )
A.who B.when C.where D.which
8.(2024•泸州)A true friend is a person will always be there to share your laughter and tears.( )
A.what B.which C.who D.whom
9.(2024•兴安盟)In difficult times,there are always national heroes ______ step up and bring people hope.( )
A.whom B.who C.which D.whose
B组 最新模拟题
1.(2025•郫都区模拟)As the old saying goes,anyone ______ makes no mistakes makes nothing.( )
A. which B.whom C. that
2.(2024•射洪市校级二模)Chengdu is a big city in we can learn ancient Shu culture and enjoy modern life in.( )
A.which B.who C.that D.whom
3.(2024•凉州区三模)—What kind of books do you prefer?
—I prefer the ones me something to think about.( )
A.that gives B.which give
C.what give
4.(2024•尤溪县校级模拟)I really like the family photo we took on my grandfather's 80th birthday.( )
A.who B.that C.what
5.(2024•五华区校级三模)I have become good friends with some of the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year.( )
A.which B.where C.whom D.whose
6.(2024•南岗区校级二模) I'd like to express my thanks to everyone served the community.( )
A.which B.who C.where
7.(2024•张家川县二模)—Do yo remember the beautiful teacher you met on your first day?
—Of course.She was kind to us,saying"Hello"with a smile in the hall.( )
A.that B.whose C.which D.what
8.(2024•秦安县三模)Tu Youyou is the first Chinese____won the Nobel Prize in science.( )
A.whom B.which C.who D.whose
9.(2024•南岗区校级模拟)Not every child watches this video will become a scientist,but some may become interested in science.( )
A.whom B.who C.which
10.(2024•武威二模)Jack really likes the picture_____you drew the day before yesterday.( )
A.whom B.who C.which D.what
11.(2024•武威二模)Behind each door you open are chances to learn new things.( )
A.that B.what C.when D.where
12.(2024•菏泽二模)Success will belong to those never say "impossible".( )
A.whom B.what C.who
13.(2024•临洮县二模) Linda is my best friend _______ always gives me a hand when I get into trouble.( )
A.what B.that C.when D.which
14.(2024•天祝县三模)The two boys play the piano well are my cousins.( )
A.which B.what C.whom D.who
15.(2024•鄂伦春自治旗一模)When I have difficulty in learning English,my teacher Miss Chen always gives me some advice can be useful.( )
A.that B.what C.who D.whose
16.(2024•凉山州模拟) I love movies me something to think about.( )
A.which gives B.that give
C.who gives
17.(2024•沙湾区模拟)The museum is free for people has a long history.( )
A./ B.who C.which
18.(2024•黄山二模)I'll never forget my classmates in high school used to give me a hand when I was in trouble.( )
A.who B.whom C.which D.what
19.(2024•肇东市模拟) The Yangtze River is the first longest river lies in China.( )
A.which B.what C.that
20.(2024•玄武区校级模拟)It was not until they arrived at the small village ______ they wanted to walk the dog ______ they found the dog missing.( )
A.where, when B.that, when
C.that, where D.where, that
(
1
/
29
)
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$
2025年中考英语满分冲刺之易错题轻松突破
易错点04 定语从句
定语从句概念:
定语从句,也被叫做形容词性从句,它的作用是修饰句子里的名词或者代词。在功能上,它类似于一个形容词,能够对先行词(被定语从句修饰的词)进行进一步描述,从而让句子表意更加丰富、精准。
构成要素
· 先行词:也就是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词,它可以是一个简单的名词,像 “book” “student” 等,也能是一个短语,例如 “the man in the hat”。
· 关系词:起到引导定语从句的作用,同时它还在从句里充当一定的句子成分。常见的关系词有 “who” “whom” “whose” “which” “that” “when” “where” “why” 等。
示例
· 例句:The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister.(那个穿着红色连衣裙的女孩是我的姐姐 / 妹妹。)
· 【解析】在这个句子里,“the girl” 是先行词,“who is wearing a red dress” 是定语从句,用来对 “the girl” 进行修饰。“who” 作为关系词,在从句中充当主语,指的是 “the girl”。
分类
· 限定性定语从句:对先行词起到必要的限定作用,要是去掉这个从句,句子的意思就会不完整或者发生改变。此类从句和主句之间不用逗号隔开。例如:The students who study hard will pass the exam.(努力学习的学生将会通过考试。)
· 非限定性定语从句:对先行词进行补充说明,就算去掉,也不会影响句子的主要意思。它和主句之间用逗号隔开。例如:My mother, who is a teacher, loves her job.(我的妈妈是一名老师,她热爱她的工作。)
关系代词和关系副词的误用
混淆原因:关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或定语,而关系副词在从句中充当状语。学生常常难以准确判断从句中所缺成分,从而混淆两者用法。
1.(2024・湖北武汉・中考真题)This is the factory ______ my father used to work.
A. which B. that C. where D. when
【答案】C
【解析】先行词是 “the factory”,表示地点。在从句 “my father used to work” 中,work 是不及物动词,该从句不缺宾语,缺少地点状语,即 “my father used to work in the factory”,所以用关系副词 where 引导定语从句,A、B 选项 which 和 that 是关系代词,在从句中作主语或宾语,不符合,D 选项 when 表示时间,也不符合语境,故选 C。
2.(2023・四川成都・中考真题)I still remember the day ______ we first met.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
【答案】C
【解析】先行词为 “the day”,表示时间。从句 “we first met” 中,met 是不及物动词,从句缺少时间状语,即 “we first met on that day”,所以用关系副词 when 引导定语从句,A、B 选项 which 和 that 是关系代词,不能作时间状语,D 选项 where 表示地点,不符合,所以选 C。
3.(2022・江苏苏州・中考真题)The reason ______ he was late for school is that he missed the early bus.
A. which B. that C. why D. what
【答案】C
【解析】先行词是 “the reason”,在从句 “he was late for school” 中作原因状语,即 “he was late for school for the reason”,所以用关系副词 why 引导定语从句,A、B 选项 which 和 that 是关系代词,在从句中作主语或宾语,不符合,D 选项 what 不能引导定语从句,所以选 C。
4.(2021・广东广州・中考真题)This is the house ______ I lived two years ago.
A. which B. that C. where D. when
【答案】C
【解析】先行词 “the house” 是地点,从句 “I lived two years ago” 中,live 是不及物动词,从句缺少地点状语,即 “I lived in the house two years ago”,所以用关系副词 where 引导定语从句,A、B 选项 which 和 that 是关系代词,不符合,D 选项 when 表示时间,不符合语境,所以选 C。
5.(2024・山东青岛・中考真题)I will never forget the moment ______ I heard the good news.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
【答案】C
【解析】先行词是 “the moment”,表示时间。从句 “I heard the good news” 中,heard 是及物动词,后面有宾语 “the good news”,从句缺少时间状语,即 “I heard the good news at the moment”,所以用关系副词 when 引导定语从句,A、B 选项 which 和 that 是关系代词,不符合,D 选项 where 表示地点,不符合,所以选 C。
6.(2023・重庆・中考真题)The library ______ I often borrow books from is very big.
A. which B. where C. when D. why
【答案】A
【解析】先行词是 “the library”,从句 “I often borrow books from” 中,from 是介词,后面缺少宾语,“borrow books from the library”,这里需要关系代词作 from 的宾语,which 可以作宾语,指代物,所以选 A。B 选项 where 是关系副词,在从句中作地点状语,不符合;C 选项 when 表示时间,不符合语境;D 选项 why 表示原因,不符合。
7.(2022・浙江杭州・中考真题)The school ______ my sister studies at is far from home.
A. where B. which C. when D. why
【答案】B
【解析】先行词是 “the school”,从句 “my sister studies at” 中,at 是介词,缺少宾语,“studies at the school”,需要关系代词作宾语,which 可以指代物作宾语,所以选 B。A 选项 where 是关系副词,作地点状语,不符合;C 选项 when 表示时间,不符合;D 选项 why 表示原因,不符合。
8.(2021・河北・中考真题)I like the museum ______ we visited last year.
A. where B. which C. when D. who
【答案】B
【解析】先行词是 “the museum”,表示物。从句 “we visited last year” 中,visited 是及物动词,缺少宾语,即 “visited the museum”,需要关系代词作宾语,which 可以指代物作宾语,所以选 B。A 选项 where 是关系副词,作地点状语,不符合;C 选项 when 表示时间,不符合;D 选项 who 指代人,不符合。
9.(2024・安徽・中考真题)The park ______ we went for a picnic yesterday is very beautiful.
A. which B. that C. where D. who
【答案】C
【解析】先行词是 “the park”,表示地点。从句 “we went for a picnic yesterday” 中,go 是不及物动词,“went for a picnic” 不缺宾语,缺少地点状语,即 “we went for a picnic in the park yesterday”,所以用关系副词 where 引导定语从句,A、B 选项 which 和 that 是关系代词,不符合,D 选项 who 指代人,不符合,所以选 C。
10.(2023・天津・中考真题)The house ______ windows face south is mine.
A. which B. that C. whose D. who
【答案】C
【解析】先行词是 “the house”,从句 “windows face south” 中,windows 和 house 是所属关系,即 “the house's windows”,所以用关系代词 whose 引导定语从句,表示 “…… 的”,A、B 选项 which 和 that 不能表示所属关系,D 选项 who 指代人,不符合,所以选 C。
定语从句的主谓一致
混淆原因:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,学生难以确定从句谓语动词的单复数形式应与先行词保持一致,尤其是当先行词的形式较为复杂时。
11.(2024・江西・中考真题)He is one of the students who ______ good at playing basketball in our class.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】B
【解析】在 “one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句” 结构中,定语从句的先行词是复数名词 “students”,所以从句的谓语动词用复数形式。句子描述的是现在的情况,用一般现在时,所以选 B。A 选项 is 是单数形式;C、D 选项是过去时,不符合语境。
12.(2023・湖北黄冈・中考真题)The man who ______ singing on the stage is my music teacher.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】A
【解析】先行词是 “the man”,是单数,关系代词 who 在从句 “who ______ singing on the stage” 中作主语,所以从句谓语动词用单数形式。句子描述的是现在正在发生的动作,用现在进行时,be 动词用 is,所以选 A。B 选项 are 是复数形式;C、D 选项是过去时,不符合。
13.(2022・湖南长沙・中考真题)The book which ______ on the desk is mine.
A. lie B. lies C. lying D. to lie
【答案】B
【解析】先行词是 “the book”,是单数,关系代词 which 在从句 “which ______ on the desk” 中作主语,从句谓语动词用单数形式。句子描述的是现在的状态,用一般现在时,lie 表示 “躺,位于” 时,第三人称单数形式是 lies,所以选 B。A 选项 lie 是原形,不符合;C 选项 lying 是现在分词,不能单独作谓语;D 选项 to lie 是动词不定式,也不能作谓语。
14.(2021・四川绵阳・中考真题)I know the boys who ______ football on the playground now.
A. play B. plays C. are playing D. is playing
【答案】C
【解析】先行词是 “the boys”,是复数,关系代词 who 在从句 “who ______ football on the playground now” 中作主语,所以从句谓语动词用复数形式。根据 “now” 可知,句子用现在进行时,结构为 be + 动词的现在分词,所以用 are playing,选 C。A 选项 play 是一般现在时原形;B 选项 plays 是第三人称单数形式;D 选项 is playing 中 is 是单数形式,不符合。
15.(2024・陕西・中考真题)The woman who ______ in red is my mother.
A. wear B. wears C. wearing D. to wear
【答案】B
【解析】先行词是 “the woman”,是单数,关系代词 who 在从句 “who ______ in red” 中作主语,从句谓语动词用单数形式。句子描述的是现在的状态,用一般现在时,wear 的第三人称单数形式是 wears,所以选 B。A 选项 wear 是原形,不符合;C 选项 wearing 是现在分词,不能单独作谓语;D 选项 to wear 是动词不定式,不能作谓语。
16.(2023・辽宁大连・中考真题)The students who ______ to the old people's home are from our school.
A. go B. goes C. going D. to go
【答案】A
【解析】先行词是 “the students”,是复数,关系代词 who 在从句 “who ______ to the old people's home” 中作主语,所以从句谓语动词用复数形式。句子描述的是一般情况,用一般现在时,所以用 go,选 A。B 选项 goes 是第三人称单数形式;C 选项 going 是现在分词,不能单独作谓语;D 选项 to go 是动词不定式,不能作谓语。
17.(2022・黑龙江哈尔滨・中考真题)The girl who ______ dancing over there is my sister.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】A
【解析】先行词是 “the girl”,是单数,关系代词 who 在从句 “who ______ dancing over there” 中作主语,所以从句谓语动词用单数形式。句子描述的是现在正在进行的动作,用现在进行时,be 动词用 is,所以选 A。B 选项 are 是复数形式;C、D 选项是过去时,不符合。
18.(2021・吉林长春・中考真题)The man who ______ glasses is my English teacher.
A. wear B. wears C. wearing D. to wear
【答案】B
【解析】先行词是 “the man”,是单数,关系代词 who 在从句 “who ______ glasses” 中作主语,从句谓语动词用单数形式。句子描述的是现在的状态,用一般现在时,wear 的第三人称单数形式是 wears,所以选 B。A 选项 wear 是原形,不符合;C 选项 wearing 是现在分词,不能单独作谓语;D 选项 to wear 是动词不定式,不能作谓语。
19.(2024・内蒙古包头・中考真题)The people who ______ in the village are very friendly.
A. live B. lives C. living D. to live
【答案】A
【解析】先行词是 “the people”,是复数,关系代词 who 在从句 “who ______ in the village” 中作主语,所以从句谓语动词用复数形式。句子描述的是一般情况,用一般现在时,所以用 live,选 A。B 选项 lives 是第三人称单数形式;C 选项 living 是现在分词,不能单独作谓语;D 选项 to live 是动词不定式,不能作谓语。
20.(2023・广西南宁・中考真题)The boy who ______ football in the park is my brother.
A. play B. plays C. playing D. to play
【答案】B
【解析】先行词是 “the boy”,是单数,关系代词 who 在从句 “who ______ football in the park” 中作主语,所以从句谓语动词用单数形式。句子描述的是现在的动作,用一般现在时,play 的第三人称单数形式是 plays,所以选 B。A 选项 play 是原形,不符合;C 选项 playing 是现在分词,不能单独作谓语;D 选项 to play 是动词不定式,不能作谓语。
特殊先行词下关系词的选择
混淆原因:当先行词为特殊词,如不定代词(all, everything, nothing, something, anything 等)、被序数词或形容词最高级修饰的词、the only, the very 等修饰的词时,关系词的选择有特定规则,学生容易记错或忽略这些规则。
21.(2024・江苏南京・中考真题)Is there anything ______ I can do for you?
A. which B. that C. what D. who
【答案】B
【解析】先行词是不定代词 “anything”,当先行词是不定代词时,关系代词只能用 that,不能用 which,所以选 B。C 选项 what 不能引导定语从句;D 选项 who 指代人,不符合。
22.(2023・湖北襄阳・中考真题)This is the most interesting story ______ I have ever heard.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
【答案】B
【解析】先行词 “story” 被形容词最高级 “the most interesting” 修饰,此时关系代词要用 that,不能用 which,所以选 B。C 选项 what 不能引导定语从句;D 选项 who 指代人,不符合。
23.(2022・山东潍坊・中考真题)All ______ we need is enough money.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
【答案】B
【解析】先行词是不定代词 “all”,关系代词只能用 that,不能用 which,所以选 B。C 选项 what 不能引导定语从句;D 选项 who 指代人,不符合。
24.(2021・广东深圳・中考真题)This is the first book ______ I read this year.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
【答案】B
【解析】先行词 “book” 被序数词 “the first” 修饰,关系代词要用 that,不能用 which,所以选 B。C 选项 what 不能引导定语从句;D 选项 who 指代人,不符合。
25.(2024・浙江宁波・中考真题)He is the only one of the students ______ passed the exam.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
【答案】B
【解析】先行词 “the only one” 被 “the only” 修饰,关系代词要用 that,不能用 which,所以选 B。C 选项 what 不能引导定语从句;D 选项 who 指代人,在这种情况下,用 that 更合适,所以选 B。
26.(2023・四川德阳・中考真题)The last place ______ we visited in the trip was the Great Wall.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
【答案】B
【解析】先行词 “place” 被 “the last”(相当于序数词)修饰,关系代词要用 that,不能用 which,所以选 B。C 选项 what 不能引导定语从句;D 选项 who 指代人,不符合。
27.(2022・河南・中考真题)Everything ______ you told me is true.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
【答案】B
【解析】先行词是不定代词 “everything”,关系代词用 that,不能用 which,所以选 B。C 选项 what 不能引导定语从句;D 选项 who 指代人,不符合。
28.(2021・福建・中考真题)This is the best film ______ I have ever seen.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
【答案】B
【解析】先行词 “film” 被形容词最高级 “the best” 修饰,关系代词要用 that,不能用 which,所以选 B。C 选项 what 不能引导定语从句;D 选项 who 指代人,不符合。
29.(2024・海南・中考真题)He is the very person ______ I want to see.
A. which B. that C. what D. who
【答案】B
【解析】先行词 “person” 被 “the very” 修饰,关系代词要用 that,不能用 which,虽然先行词是人,但在这种情况下用 that 更合适,所以选 B。C 选项 what 不能引导定语从句;D 选项 who 在这种情况下不如 that 恰当。
A组 中考真题
1.(2024•乐山)﹣I'll never forget the experiences we had in the volunteer work last summer.
﹣Me too.The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun.( )
A.when B.who C.that
【答案】C
【分析】﹣我永远不会忘记去年夏天我们在志愿者工作中的经历。
﹣我也是。那三天很有意义,充满乐趣。
【解答】when当......的时候;who谁;that那。根据语境,可知后面"we had in the volunteer work last summer"(我们去年夏天参加的志愿者工作所拥有)是定语从句,修饰前面先行词"the experiences"(经历),先行词是事物,在从句中做had的宾语,关系代词用that或which。故选:C。
2.(2024•遂宁)﹣What kind of movies do you like best?
﹣I like the movies____make me feel happy and relaxed.( )
A.what B.which C.who D./
【答案】B
【分析】﹣你最喜欢什么类型的电影?
﹣我喜欢那些让我感到快乐和放松的电影。
【解答】what什么,不引导定语从句;which哪个,先行词通常是事物;who谁,先行词通常是人。/不填。定语从句先行词是movies"电影",用which引导。故选:B。
3.(2024•呼和浩特)Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those____grow up in the right family,while others believe that success mostly comes down to hard work.( )
A.who B. whose C.which D. whom
【答案】A
【分析】有些人认为成功只属于那些有天赋的人或者成长在合适家庭的人,而其他人则相信成功主要取决于努力工作。
【解答】who谁,引导定语从句时,先行词是人,在定语从句中充当主语;whose谁的;which哪一个;whom谁,在定语从句中充当宾语。本句的先行词是those(那些人),是指人的,定语从句缺少主语,所以用who引导定语从句。故选:A。
4.(2024•牡丹江)The "Kemusan" dance is an eye﹣catching dance performance ______ is quite popular these days.( )
A. who B. which C. whose
【答案】B
【分析】"Kemusan"舞蹈是一种非常引人注目的舞蹈表演,这些天来非常受欢迎。
【解答】who关系代词,指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。which关系代词,指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;whose关系代词,指人或物的,在定语从句中作定语。在这里,"which"引导的定语从句修饰先行词"dance",因为"dance"是指物,所以使用"which"。故选:B。
5.(2024•长春) As a science lover,I hope I can invent a bike ___________can fly in the sky.( )
A. where B. when C. which D. who
【答案】C
【分析】作为一个科学爱好者,我希望我能发明一辆能在天空中飞行的自行车。
【解答】题干包含定语从句。先行词是bike,空格处需填一个在定语从句中作主语且指代物的关系代词。where在定语从句中作地点状语;when在引导的定语从句中作时间状语;which在定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代物;who在定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代人。故选:C。
6.(2024•临夏州)A true friend is a person_____can help you when you are in trouble.( )
A.who B.whom C.whose D.which
【答案】A
【分析】一个真正的朋友是一个在你遇到困难时能够帮助你的人。
【解答】who引导定语从句,先行词是人,在从句中作主语或者宾语;whom引导定语从句,先行词为人,在从句中作宾语;whose引导定语从句,先行词为人或者物,在从句中作定语;which引导定语从句,先行词为物,在从句中作主语或者宾语。分析句子可知,本句是定语从句,先行词是person(人),关系词在从句中作主语,用who引导定语从句。故选:A。
7.(2024•西藏)Although my grandfather is over 90 years old,he still remembers the people he met when he was young.( )
A.who B.when C.where D.which
【答案】A
【分析】虽然我的祖父已经90多岁了,但他仍然记得他年轻时遇到的人。
【解答】who谁,指人;when什么时候;where在哪里;which哪一个。根据he still remembers the people"他仍然记得那些人"可知,定语从句用who引导,修饰先行词people,作宾语。故选:A。
8.(2024•泸州)A true friend is a person will always be there to share your laughter and tears.( )
A.what B.which C.who D.whom
【答案】C
【分析】真正的朋友是总是在那里和你分享喜悦和泪水的人。
【解答】A什么,引导名词性从句;B关系代词,指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;C关系代词,指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;D关系代词,指人,在定语从句中作宾语。先行词是person,指人,在定语从句中作主语。故选:C。
9.(2024•兴安盟)In difficult times,there are always national heroes ______ step up and bring people hope.( )
A.whom B.who C.which D.whose
【答案】B
【分析】在困难时期,总会有民族英雄挺身而出,给人们带来希望。
【解答】A谁,定语从句关系词,作宾语;B谁,定语从句关系词,现行词是人;C哪一个,定语从句关系词,先行词是物;D谁的,定语从句关系词,作定语。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导一个定语从句,修饰先行词heroes,且在从句中作主语,所以用关系代词who来引导该从句。故选:B。
B组 最新模拟题
1.(2025•郫都区模拟)As the old saying goes,anyone ______ makes no mistakes makes nothing.( )
A. which B.whom C. that
【答案】C
【分析】正如古老的谚语所说,任何不犯错误的人将一事无成。
【解答】A.which,关系代词,引导先行词指物的定语从句;B.whom,关系代词,引导先行词指人的定语从句,且在从句中作宾语;C.that,关系代词,引导先行词指人或物的定语从句。本题先行词anyone(任何人)指人,关系代词在从句中作主语,考虑用that引导。故选:C。
2.(2024•射洪市校级二模)Chengdu is a big city in we can learn ancient Shu culture and enjoy modern life in.( )
A.which B.who C.that D.whom
【答案】A
【分析】成都是一个大城市,在这里我们可以学习古老的蜀文化和享受现代生活。
【解答】which先行词为物;who先行词为人;that先行词为物/人;whom先行词为人。此处先行词是city,指物,且结合介词in,可知此处是"介词+which"引导的定语从句。故选:A。
3.(2024•凉州区三模)—What kind of books do you prefer?
—I prefer the ones me something to think about.( )
A.that gives B.which give
C.what give
【答案】B
【分析】—你喜欢什么样的书?—我更喜欢那些能让我思考一些东西的书。
【解答】that关系代词,修饰人或物;which关系代词,修饰物;what不能引导定语从句。定语从句的先行词是ones,指代复数名词"books",是表示物品的名词,在从句中作主语,故选择修饰物的关系代词,故排除C;先行词是复数,动词give应用原形。故选:B。
4.(2024•尤溪县校级模拟)I really like the family photo we took on my grandfather's 80th birthday.( )
A.who B.that C.what
【答案】B
【分析】我真的很喜欢我们在我爷爷80岁生日时拍的那张全家福。
【解答】who引导先行词是人的定语从句;that引导先行词是人或者物的定语从句,what不能引导定语从句。此句中先行词photo(照片)是物,用that引导定语从句。故选:B。
5.(2024•五华区校级三模)I have become good friends with some of the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year.( )
A.which B.where C.whom D.whose
【答案】C
【分析】我已经和我们学校的一些我在去年的英语演讲竞赛中遇见的学生成为了好朋友。
【解答】定语从句I met in the English speech contest last year中,明显在谓语动词met后面缺少表示sb.的宾语,可以排除A.which;先行词是some of the students,且在从句中met缺少宾语,所以可以排除关系副词where;whose作定语后接名词,而空格后是从句的主语I,所以排除D.whose。故选:C。
6.(2024•南岗区校级二模) I'd like to express my thanks to everyone served the community.( )
A.which B.who C.where
【答案】B
【分析】我想向每一位为社区服务的人表示感谢。
【解答】A.代词,指代物;B.代词,指代人;C.副词,表示"地点"。根据"I'd like to express my thanks to everyone…served the community.(我想向每一位为社区服务......人表示感谢。)"可知,此句是定语从句,先行词是everyone,不定代词,指人,在从句中作主语,应用关系代词who来引导定语从句。故选:B。
7.(2024•张家川县二模)—Do yo remember the beautiful teacher you met on your first day?
—Of course.She was kind to us,saying"Hello"with a smile in the hall.( )
A.that B.whose C.which D.what
【答案】A
【分析】—你还记得你在第一天遇到的那位漂亮老师吗?—当然记得。她对我们很友好,在大厅里微笑着和我们打招呼。
【解答】that引导定语从句,先行词为人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;whose引导定语从句,先行词为人或物,在从句中作定语;which引导定语从句,先行词为物,在从句中作主语或宾语;what不引导定语从句。根据"Do yo remember the beautiful teacher…you met on your first day?"(你还记得你在第一天遇到的那位漂亮老师吗?)可知,此处应用定语从句,先行词为"teacher",应用that引导定语从句。故选:A。
8.(2024•秦安县三模)Tu Youyou is the first Chinese____won the Nobel Prize in science.( )
A.whom B.which C.who D.whose
【答案】C
【分析】屠呦呦是第一个获得诺贝尔科学奖的中国人。
【解答】先行词first Chinese是人,在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词who引导定语从句。故选:C。
9.(2024•南岗区校级模拟)Not every child watches this video will become a scientist,but some may become interested in science.( )
A.whom B.who C.which
【答案】B
【分析】不是每个观看这段视频的孩子都会成为科学家,但有些孩子可能会对科学产生兴趣。
【解答】"Not every child...watches this video" 是一个定语从句,用来修饰先行词 "child"。在这个定语从句中,"watches this video" 是谓语部分,从句缺少主语。A 选项 whom:whom 在定语从句中只能作宾语,不能作主语,所以 A 选项不符合要求。B 选项 who:who 在定语从句中可作主语或宾语,这里修饰先行词 "child(指人)" 且在从句中作主语,符合语法规则。C 选项 which:which 用来修饰先行词是物的情况,而这里先行词是 "child(人)",所以 C 选项不正确。故选:B。
10.(2024•武威二模)Jack really likes the picture_____you drew the day before yesterday.( )
A.whom B.who C.which D.what
【答案】C
【分析】杰克真的很喜欢你前天画的那幅画。
【解答】whom谁,宾格,定语从句关系词;who谁,主格,定语从句关系词;which定语从句关系词;what什么。先行词是the picture指物,关系词用which,在定语从句中作宾语。故选:C。
11.(2024•武威二模)Behind each door you open are chances to learn new things.( )
A.that B.what C.when D.where
【答案】A
【分析】在你打开的每扇门后面,都是学习新事物的机会。
【解答】在定语从句中,that指人或物;when指地点;where指地点。根据空前和空后结构可知,定语从句是"door",关系代词用that。故选:A。
12.(2024•菏泽二模)Success will belong to those never say "impossible".( )
A.whom B.what C.who
【答案】C
【分析】成功将属于那些从不说"不可能"的人。
【解答】whom谁,作宾语;what什么,不引导定语从句;who谁,作主/宾语。定语从句先行词为those(那些),指人,且关系词在从句中作主语,应用who引导。故选:C。
13.(2024•临洮县二模) Linda is my best friend _______ always gives me a hand when I get into trouble.( )
A.what B.that C.when D.which
【答案】B
【分析】琳达是我最好的朋友,当我遇到麻烦时她总是帮助我。
【解答】A.what什么;B.that无实义,关系代词,代指主语或者宾语,指人或者物;C.when指代时间,关系副词;D.which关系代词,代指主语或者宾语,指物。根据分析句子"Linda is my best friend…always gives me a hand when I get into trouble.(琳达是我最好的朋友,当我遇到麻烦时她总是帮助我。)"可知,先行词是friend,从句缺主语,所以此处应该填入that。故选:B。
14.(2024•天祝县三模)The two boys play the piano well are my cousins.( )
A.which B.what C.whom D.who
【答案】D
【分析】那两个钢琴弹得很好的男孩是我的表兄弟。
【解答】which引导定语从句,先行词为物;what什么;whom引导定语从句,先行词是人,在从句中作宾语;who引导定语从句,先行词是人,在从句中作主语或者宾语;根据The two boys…play the piano well are my cousins.(那两个男孩......钢琴弹得很好是我的表兄弟。)可知,句子是定语从句,先行词The two boys(那两个男孩)指人,从句中作主语,因此关系词用who。故选:D。
15.(2024•鄂伦春自治旗一模)When I have difficulty in learning English,my teacher Miss Chen always gives me some advice can be useful.( )
A.that B.what C.who D.whose
【答案】A
【分析】当我在学习英语遇到困难时,我的老师陈小姐总是给我一些有用的建议。
【解答】A. "that"在定语从句中既可以指人也可以指物,在从句中可以作主语、宾语等成分。在句子"When I have difficulty in learning English,my teacher Miss Chen always gives me some advice that can be useful.(当我学英语遇到困难时,我的老师陈老师总是给我一些有用的建议。)"中,先行词是"advice"(物),"that"在定语从句"that can be useful"中作主语,符合定语从句关系词的用法。B. "what"不能引导定语从句,它常引导名词性从句(如主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等),在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语等成分,而此句是定语从句,所以该选项错误。C. "who"引导定语从句时,先行词是人,在从句中作主语或宾语。本题中先行词是"advice"(物),不是人,所以不能用"who",该选项错误。D. "whose"引导定语从句时,在从句中作定语,表所属关系,意为"……的",一般先行词是人或物。此句中定语从句"can be useful"不缺定语,"whose"不符合该从句的语法要求,所以该选项错误。根据对A、B、C、D选项的分析可知,"that"符合此定语从句中关系词的要求,能引导定语从句并在从句中作主语来修饰先行词"advice"。故选:A。
16.(2024•凉山州模拟) I love movies me something to think about.( )
A.which gives B.that give
C.who gives
【答案】B
【分析】我喜欢能让我有所思考的电影。
【解答】A. "which gives"中,"which"引导定语从句时可指物,在本句中先行词是"movies"(物),可以用"which"引导。但是"gives"是第三人称单数形式,而"movies(电影)"是复数,根据主谓一致原则,定语从句的谓语动词应该与先行词的数保持一致,所以"gives"形式错误,该选项错误。B. "that give"中,"that"引导定语从句时既可以指人也可以指物,这里先行词"movies"(物),可以用"that"引导。"give"是动词原形,与复数先行词"movies"在数上保持一致,符合主谓一致原则,"that give me something to think about"这个定语从句在语法上是正确的,该选项正确。C. "who gives"中,"who"引导定语从句时先行词是人,在从句中作主语或宾语,而本句的先行词是"movies"(物),不是人,所以不能用"who"引导,该选项错误。根据对A、B、C选项的分析可知,"that give"在语法上符合此句定语从句的要求,能正确引导定语从句并与先行词保持主谓一致。故选:B。
17.(2024•沙湾区模拟)The museum is free for people has a long history.( )
A./ B.who C.which
【答案】C
【分析】这个博物馆历史悠久,对人们免费开放。
【解答】who引导定语从句时,先行词指人;which引导定语从句时,先行词指物。在定语从句 "is free for people" 中,缺少主语,且先行词 "the museum(博物馆)" 指物。故选:C。
18.(2024•黄山二模)I'll never forget my classmates in high school used to give me a hand when I was in trouble.( )
A.who B.whom C.which D.what
【答案】A
【分析】我永远不会忘记高中时的同学,他们总是在我遇到困难时帮助我。
【解答】who引导定语从句,先行词是人,在句中作主语;whom引导定语从句,先行词是人,在句中作宾语;which引导定语从句,先行词是物,在句中作主语;what引导宾语从句。此句是定语从句,先行词是classmates(同班同学),是人,且此空在从句中作主语,用who引导。故选:A。
19.(2024•肇东市模拟) The Yangtze River is the first longest river lies in China.( )
A.which B.what C.that
【答案】C
【分析】长江是中国第一长河。
【解答】在定语从句中:which指物,that指人和物。没有what。本题的先行词是the first longest river(第一长河)被最高级修饰,关系代词只能用that。故选:C。
20.(2024•玄武区校级模拟)It was not until they arrived at the small village ______ they wanted to walk the dog ______ they found the dog missing.( )
A.where, when B.that, when
C.that, where D.where, that
【答案】D
【分析】直到他们到了想遛狗的小村庄,才发现狗不见了.
【解答】where引导从句时,常作地点状语;when引导从句时,常作时间状语;that引导从句时,在句中不充当成分.由题干可知,第一空要用where,在此作地点状语,相当于they wanted to walk the dog at the small village;第二空要用that,It was not until…that+从句,这是一个强调句式.因此选项D符合题意.句意为:直到他们到了想遛狗的小村庄,才发现狗不见了.故选:D.
(
1
/
29
)
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$