精品解析：上海市建平中学2024-2025学年高三下学期3月考试英语试卷

2024学年度第二学期高三3月教学质量检测英语学科 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Rise of Skiing as a Winter Olympic Sport The first Winter Olympics, held in Chamonix, France in 1924, included just three skiing events: cross-country skiing, Nordic combined, and military patrol (now known as biathlon). Today, skiing is one of the most popular winter sports in the Olympics, with athletes from around the world ____1____ (involve) in a wide variety of events. The Olympics provide a unique platform for athletes, ____2____ they showcase their skills and inspire future generations of skiers. Skiing has had a significant impact on the Winter Olympics, both in terms of popularity and revenue. Skiing events are ____3____ the most popular events in the Winter Olympics, with millions of people tuning in to watch the competitions. Skiing also generates a significant amount of revenue for the Olympics, as it attracts sponsors and viewers from around the world. Technology has played a significant role in the evolution of skiing in the Olympics. Advancements in skiing equipment, such as skis, boots, and helmets, have allowed athletes ____4____ (push) the boundaries of what is possible on the slopes. However, technology has also led to controversy in skiing, as some athletes have been accused of using performance- ____5____ (enhance) technology to gain an advantage over their competitors. The International Ski Federation (FIS) has implemented strict rules to ensure that the sport remains fair and competitive. As skiing continues to evolve, it is likely that new events ____6____ (add) to the Olympic program. Some experts predict that skiing events will become ____7____ (extreme) as athletes push the limits of what is possible on the slopes, while ____8____ suggest that skiing events may become more environmentally sustainable as host countries seek to minimize the environmental impact of the Olympics. Regardless of ____9____ the future holds, one thing is certain: skiing will continue to be a major part of the Winter Olympics, _____10_____ it provides a unique combination of athleticism, skill, and artistry. Skiing is not only a sport, but also a way to experience the beauty of the world around us. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. additionally B. alike C. applauded D. appetite E. cooperative F. divide G. engage H. fueled I. layered J. marriage K. reimagined Success of “Ne Zha 2” Spotlights Appeal, Artistry, Creativity of Chinese Culture The runaway success of “Ne Zha 2” is the first film to generate $1 billion dollars in a single market and the first non-Hollywood title to join the billion-dollar club. It is a masterclass in cultural reinvention and has been ____11____for its combination of tradition and innovation. The film reinvents the tale of Nezha, a rebellious boy-god from Chinese folklore. Director Jiaozi has expanded the narrative scope, introducing complex dynamics, ____12____ storytelling and a richly textured world. The film appeals to young and old audiences ____13____. Its exploration of universal themes— the defiance in the face of power, the struggle against fate, and the embrace of self-confidence— has struck a chord with viewers, making it a rare cinematic achievement that goes beyond cultural ____14____. Equally impressive is the film’s technical brilliance. “Ne Zha 2” represents a quantum leap in China’s animation industry, boasting visuals and effects that parallel those of Hollywood blockbusters. With around 2, 000 special effects shots and contributions from 138 animation studios, the film showcases the ____15____ power of China’s creative ecosystem. Breathtaking scenes, such as the exciting battle at Tianyuan Ding and the transformation of Nezha’s physical form, are not just technique but also narrative devices that enhance the emotional depth of the story. This ____16____ of artistry and technology exemplifies the significant advancement of China’s film industry. The success of “Ne Zha 2” also highlights the growing ____17____ for homegrown content among Chinese audiences. In recent years, there has been growing interest in traditional culture, ____18____ by a sense of national pride and a desire for stories that resonate with local identities. Films like “Ne Zha 2” arc part of a natural renaissance where ancient tales are ____19____ through a modern lens. This trend speaks to a deeper shift in China’s cultural landscape, where creativity and tradition are combined to create works that are locally meaningful and globally appealing. Undoubtedly, “Ne Zha 2” is more than just a film; it’s a cultural milestone. Its success reflects the dynamism of China’s creative industries, the enduring appeal of its cultural heritage, and the potential for Chinese stories to _____20_____ audiences all over the world. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The mental pain of failure itself can stimulate you to become better at the activity in which you lack proficiency — if you can reframe the negative experiences as a(n) ____21____ of personal growth. This is what researchers found in 2022 when they conducted a field experiment at an improvisation (即兴表演) club. One group of amateur improvisers was ____22____ to actively seek the feeling of awkwardness. The scholars found that, compared with improvisers who were not given this instruction, the first group was more engaged in the exercise. Instead of seeing the discomfort as something to avoid, they saw it as ____23____ to the process and leaned into it. Another helpful way to turn the discomfort of failure into a source of ____24____ is what psychologists call “action rumination”. Ruminating on failure is widely recognized to be a destructive waste of time, because this type of reflection ____25____ what failure says about one as a person and questioning self-worth. Action rumination is different. It involves ____26____ the exact missteps that one made and how they could be ____27____ in the future. Scholars have shown that thinking through something you have done poorly in this ____28____ corrective way can lead to learning and improvement ____29____ frustration and shame. The research is clear that although we hate to fail, doing so can be beneficial for learning a new skill and mastering an old one. This has ____30____ for how to improve ordinary life. ____31____ you can put failure — or unsatisfactory performance, at least — to good use in many areas of life. If you’re a student, take a class fundamentally ____32____ your area of skills and interests, knowing that the struggle to cope with a very novel challenge may improve studying what you do like. Delight in the difficulty of it and analyze the mistakes you make — and you will almost certainly find that you’re doing even better at your ____33____ subject. The ____34____ principle can even be applied to happiness. None of us wants to be unhappy. But inviting sources of unhappiness in life can be extremely beneficial. ____35____ not to be afraid of fear, anger, or sadness. They are normal and natural parts of life after all. Dealing with them openly, though uncomfortable, will improve your skills at doing so. And if you let them, they will help you appreciate the joys of life all the more. 21. A. target B. example C. consequence D. indicator 22. A. assisted B. directed C. obliged D. forbidden 23. A. superior B. optional C. temporary D. central 24. A. pride B. inspiration C. progress D. encouragement 25. A. centers on B. arises from C. relies on D. differs from 26. A. replaying B. celebrating C. simplifying D. ignoring 27. A. recalled B. remedied C. overlooked D. repeated 28. A. randomly B. passively C. deliberately D. impulsively 29. A. as opposed to B. in terms of C. on account of D. in case of 30. A. reasons B. substitutes C. requirements D. implications 31. A. On the contrary B. In other words C. As a result D. In general 32. A. based on B. close to C. different from D. linked to 33. A. compulsory B. tough C. hated D. preferred 34. A. avoid-success B. embrace-failure C. delay-success D. criticize-failure 35. A. Resolve B. Pretend C. Promise D. Swear Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Constructed on a highland overlooking the city of Granada, Spain, the palace of Alhambra is situated in a natural wonderland. At the base of the highland, the Darro River flows to the north, defending the palace. Its structure features solid city walls, which are tall and thick and can effectively resist enemy attacks. Its elevated buildings could keep watch over the city and its surroundings, serving as strongholds for signal transmission. The Alhambra was built chiefly between 1238 and 1358 as a royal palace and military complex of the Emirate of Granada, a Muslim state. Alhambra is derived from the Arabic “al-Hamra”, meaning “the red one”. The reddish color comes from the iron oxide in the local clay used for the construction. As a royal city, the Alhambra contained at least six major palaces, most of them located along the northern edge where they commanded views over Granada. The most famous and best-preserved palaces are the main attraction to visitors today. Outside the Alhambra walls is the Generalife, a former royal estate and summer palace accompanied by historic and modern landscaped gardens. The last king of Granada laid down his arms to the Spanish troops in January 1492, without the Alhambra itself being attacked. Most of the Muslim-style buildings were well-preserved. Christopher Columbus, who witnessed the surrender of Granada, presented his plans for an expedition across the Atlantic to the king of Spain. In April, they signed the contract which set the terms for the expedition which landed in America later that year. Between 1810 and 1812 Granada was seized by Napoleon’s army. The French troops occupied the Alhambra as a fortified position and renovated the palace for military purposes, causing significant damage to the monument. In 1821, an earthquake caused further damage. In 1830, the American writer Washington Irving lived in Granada and wrote his Tales of the Alhambra, which played a major role in arousing international interest in southern Spain and in its Islamic-era history. In 1870 the Alhambra was declared a National Monument of Spain and the state set a budget for its conservation. Later, in 1984, the Alhambra was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and it is now one of the most popular tourist destinations in Spain. 36. According to the first two paragraphs, what can be inferred about the Alhambra? A. It integrates defensive advantages with natural landscape. B. It was built far away from Granada to avoid attacks. C. It is located near a river for easier access to water. D. Its construction materials were sourced from abroad. 37. The underlined word “fortified” means “________”. A beautifully decorated B. strengthened for defense C. open to the public D. temporarily abandoned 38. Which of the following statements about the Alhambra is TRUE? A. Its name originates from its geographical location and artistic appeal. B. It was nominated as a heritage site due to Columbus’ achievement. C The peaceful transition of power in 1492 protected the palace. D. Its architectural design mainly reflects Christian influences. 39. Which one is the best title of the article? A. The ups and downs of Granada B. Historical facts about the Alhambra C. Conflicts between Spain and France D. Architectural achievements in Spain (B) WHAT IS NEWS LITERACY? News literacy is the ability to determine the credibility of news and other information and recognize the standards of fact-based journalism. It is an essential 21st century skill, the core of any media literacy, digital literacy or civics program. Organizational values We are living in the most challenging and complex information landscape in history. News literacy education empowers people with skills to successfully navigate this landscape. People who are exposed to the NILP’s programs learn how to identify what they can trust, share and act on, and they become better informed, more engaged and more equal participants in the civic life of their community, their country and the world. Learn about four factors you should consider when evaluating the credibility of a claim. FACTOR 1: AUTHENTICITY Is it authentic? The digital age has made creating, sharing and accessing information easier than ever before, but it’s also made it easier to manipulate everything from social media posts to photos, videos and screenshots. The ability to determine whether something you see online is genuine is a fundamental fact-checking skill. FACTOR 2: SOURCE Has it been posted or confirmed by a credible source? Not all sources of information are created equal, but it can be easy to glaze over the significant differences while scrolling through feeds online. Standards-based news organizations have guidelines to ensure accuracy, fairness, transparency and accountability. While these sources aren’t perfect, they’re far more credible and reliable than sources that have no such standards. Viral rumors that confirm one’s perspectives and beliefs or that repeatedly appear in social media feeds can feel true, but if no credible source of information has confirmed a given claim, it’s best to stay alert. FACTOR 3: EVIDENCE Is there evidence that proves the claim? Misinformation lacks sound evidence by its very nature - but it often tricks people into either overlooking that fact or into accepting faulty evidence. Many false claims are groundless statements, while others present digital fakes and out-of-context elements for support. Evaluating the strength of evidence for a claim is a key fact-checking skill. FACTOR 4: REASONING Is it based on solid reasoning? Misinformation is often designed to exploit our cognitive biases and vulnerability to logical errors. These blind spots in our rational thinking can make baseless conclusions feel valid or even undeniable — particularly when they reinforce one’s beliefs, attitudes and values. Learning to logic-check claims is an important element in verifying information. 40 Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. The presence of evidence automatically makes a claim credible. B. Checking the authenticity of a claim is optional in news literacy practices. C. Misinformation is difficult to detect because it always presents logically sound arguments. D. News literacy is a component of digital literacy to help individuals identify trustworthy online information. 41. A group of students in JP is very interested in FACTOR ________ and has created the following poster. A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 42. Who would find this passage most useful? A. Educators wanting to develop news literacy skills. B. Politicians aiming to improve their public image. C. Professional journalists seeking advanced interview techniques. D. Social media strategists looking to write eye-catching headlines. (C) One of the universe’s most fascinating wonders is the variability of timekeeping: seconds pass slightly faster on a mountain than in a valley; a free-falling clock on the moon, compared to Earth, runs about 56 microseconds faster each day, a small but significant divide over time. NASA and its international partners are now working to establish a new “time scale” for the moon, accounting for these differences, rather than simply creating a lunar time zone. Humans have long relied on natural timekeepers like sundials and lunar phases. However, since the appearance of mechanical clocks in the 14th century, precision has become vital. Albert Einstein’s theories of relativity further complicated timekeeping by revealing that gravity slows time. General relativity explains that massive objects, like Earth, bend space-time, causing time to pass more slowly closer to their surface. This phenomenon has been confirmed by atomic clocks, which measure time using atomic oscillation (振荡) and tick slower near Earth’s surface. To manage these complexities, scientists use a global network of atomic clocks to create Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), averaging readings to ensure accuracy. However, time behaves even more unpredictably far from Earth, where gravity weakens and motion affects its passage, according to Einstein’s special relativity. Spacecraft already navigate these challenges using onboard oscillators to maintain their own time while correlating with Earth’s UTC. For example, missions to Pluto or the Kuiper Belt rely on ground stations but also use their own time scales for navigation. GPS satellites, orbiting 12, 550 miles above Earth, have provided valuable data by comparing the atomic clocks to Earth-bound ones, helping scientists refine timekeeping for lunar missions. Creating a lunar time scale involves accurately measuring time on the moon while ensuring it can be related back to Earth time. To achieve precision, scientists plan to use a network of clocks on the moon, potentially combining atomic clocks for long-term stability and crystal oscillators for short-term accuracy. These clocks could be placed in lunar orbit or on the surface, with costs ranging from millions of dollars to hundreds of millions of dollars. This network will support LunaNet, a lunar navigation and communication system similar to Earth’s internet and GPS. Establishing this framework requires international collaboration, with NASA and the European Space Agency leading efforts. However, gaining agreement from non-allied nations remains a challenge. Precision timekeeping is crucial not only for scientific understanding but also for mission infrastructure. By applying lessons from Earth, scientists aim to create a reliable lunar time scale, paving the way for future missions to Mars and beyond. As Cheryl Gramling of NASA noted, mastering lunar timekeeping will prepare humanity for deeper exploration of the solar system. 43. According to the article, why do seconds pass slightly faster on a mountain than in a valley? A. Because the closer to massive objects, the stronger gravity’s effect on time is. B. Because atomic clocks are less accurate when they are near Earth’s surface. C. Because Earth’s rotation squeezes gravity more intensely at lower altitudes. D. Because atmospheric pressure extends gravitational bending of time at higher altitudes. 44. The author mentions GPS satellites in paragraph 4 to ________. A highlight what the limitations of atomic clocks in space are B. argue that GPS technology will be directly used for lunar missions in the future C. illustrate that lunar timekeeping will be even simpler than the earth’s GPS system D. give an example of how timekeeping challenges in space were addressed 45. What challenge may scientists encounter when they set up LunaNet? A. The accuracy of placing the clocks in lunar orbit. B. The correlation of atomic clocks with crystal oscillators. C. The difficulty of reaching an agreement among all countries. D. The high cost of a lunar navigation and communication system. 46. What does the article suggest about lunar timekeeping? A. It is an ultimate goal shared by NASA and its allied nations. B. It is a significant pursuit but with few practical applications. C. It will establish a lunar time zone different from that on Earth. D. It is an important step towards future space exploration. Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. How to love what you do “FIND YOUR PASSION!” This is an inspiring saying, but is it good advice? “Finding” a passion implies that it already exists and is simply waiting to be discovered. ____47____ They often begin with a spark of curiosity about a subject and later, through a process involving repeated engagement, positive experiences and increased knowledge, people come to personally value that content or activity and internalize it. What was at first interesting becomes an interest. If these qualities continue to intensify, a passion can emerge. In several studies, we and our colleagues have found that misunderstanding this idea can discourage people. Fortunately, our latest research reveals that there are ways to correct course and cultivate a more open, accurate perspective about interest. To study these ideas, we use a framework of “fixed” and growth mindsets. In school, thinking of one’s intellectual abilities as fixed can be harmful, whereas believing one can develop and grow skills supports greater learning. ____48____ People who think interest and passions are relatively unchangeable have a fixed mindset of interest. In contrast, people who view interests and passions as developed have a growth mindset of interest. The latter comes with many advantages. A fixed mindset of interest, for example, may hold back exploration and creativity. ____49____ We have also found that people with a fixed mindset of interest tend to expect their passions to come easily to them. Those with a growth mindset maintained their new-found interest despite the difficulty. So how can we foster a growth mindset of interest? Realize that passions aren’t waiting to be “found. ” Take an active role in developing them. ____50____ A growth mindset will help you remain open and curious. The saying “Find something you love to do, and you’ll never have to work a day in your life” needs updating. If you work at loving what you do, you might become more creative and resilient. A Indulge your curiosities and don’t expect new pursuits to always be easy or exciting. B. Students with a growth mindset often hold interests in arts, humanities and social science. C. Plus, those with a fixed mindset are less likely than those with a growth mindset to generate novel solutions that integrate different disciplines. D. Now, we argue for a separate but related idea. E. But science tells us that passions are developed. F. Think about your interests and passions as fixed rather than cultivated. Ⅲ. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Crown-of-Thorns Starfish and the Great Barrier Reef (大堡礁) Native to the Indo-Pacific, crown-of-thorns starfish can serve as important predators (捕食者) in healthy reef ecosystems, feeding on fast-growing corals and allowing time for slower ones to develop instead. But problems arise when starfish populations explode. The animals typically have a regular rise and fall cycle, but since the 1960s, scientists have noted an alarming increase in the size and frequency of outbreaks of the predators, which can grow up to half a meter wide. A 2012 study looking at the 27-ycar decline of coral populations on the Great Barrier Reef blamed crown-of-thorns for about 40% of coral mortality. Over the years, several outbreaks have significantly damaged the Great Barrier Reef. In response, scientists launched a killing program in 2012 to try and control starfish numbers across vast reef areas. Despite critics, studies have shown some positive outcomes. Recent research indicates that coral cover increased in regions where the killing starfish took place, suggesting it may have been effective in supporting reef recovery. In certain areas, the coral cover grew by up to 44% from 2016 to 2022. Some experts, however, are unconvinced that the killing offers a long-term solution. Concerns have been raised about the approach’s effectiveness in the face of more significant challenges, such as climate change and global warming. Crown-of-thorns starfish, though damaging in large numbers, play a natural role in controlling coral growth, and their population booms are often linked to human activity like agricultural pollutants. Though the program has shown some success, experts emphasize that addressing the root causes of starfish population boom, like pollution and climate change, is essential for the long-term survival of coral reefs. Researchers are also exploring alternative methods such as using natural predators and early detection systems to provide sustainable solutions. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 在这部电视剧中，他的表演浑然天成，备受赞誉。(appreciate) (汉译英) 53. 选择性培育的作物被改造得面目全非，使它们看起来与野生的祖先完全不同。 (which) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. 当你遇到意想不到的挑战时，当务之急是找到问题的关键和解决对策，而不是坐在那里自怨自艾。 (rather than) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 55. 太极(Tai Chi)是中华民族传统文化之瑰宝，其动作柔缓，但能以突然爆发的力量将对手击退。(feature) (汉译英) V. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你是明启中学的高三学生李明，你学校的校报专栏”Pictures talk” 提供了两幅图片，并向广大师生征文。你有感而发，想向该专栏投稿。你的文章必须包含： 1. 对图片的简要描述; 2. 你的看法。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年度第二学期高三3月教学质量检测英语学科 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Rise of Skiing as a Winter Olympic Sport The first Winter Olympics, held in Chamonix, France in 1924, included just three skiing events: cross-country skiing, Nordic combined, and military patrol (now known as biathlon). Today, skiing is one of the most popular winter sports in the Olympics, with athletes from around the world ____1____ (involve) in a wide variety of events. The Olympics provide a unique platform for athletes, ____2____ they showcase their skills and inspire future generations of skiers. Skiing has had a significant impact on the Winter Olympics, both in terms of popularity and revenue. Skiing events are ____3____ the most popular events in the Winter Olympics, with millions of people tuning in to watch the competitions. Skiing also generates a significant amount of revenue for the Olympics, as it attracts sponsors and viewers from around the world. Technology has played a significant role in the evolution of skiing in the Olympics. Advancements in skiing equipment, such as skis, boots, and helmets, have allowed athletes ____4____ (push) the boundaries of what is possible on the slopes. However, technology has also led to controversy in skiing, as some athletes have been accused of using performance- ____5____ (enhance) technology to gain an advantage over their competitors. The International Ski Federation (FIS) has implemented strict rules to ensure that the sport remains fair and competitive. As skiing continues to evolve, it is likely that new events ____6____ (add) to the Olympic program. Some experts predict that skiing events will become ____7____ (extreme) as athletes push the limits of what is possible on the slopes, while ____8____ suggest that skiing events may become more environmentally sustainable as host countries seek to minimize the environmental impact of the Olympics. Regardless of ____9____ the future holds, one thing is certain: skiing will continue to be a major part of the Winter Olympics, _____10_____ it provides a unique combination of athleticism, skill, and artistry. Skiing is not only a sport, but also a way to experience the beauty of the world around us. 【答案】1. involved 2. where 3. among 4. to push 5. enhancing 6. will be added 7. more extreme 8. others 9. what 10. because 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了滑雪作为冬季奥运会项目的发展历程及其在奥运会中的重要性，并探讨了未来滑雪运动可能的发展方向。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，滑雪是奥运会中最受欢迎的冬季运动之一，来自世界各地的运动员参与了各种各样的项目。本句为with的复合结构，athletes与involve为被动关系，用拿过去分词作宾语补足语。故填involved。 【2题详解】 考查关系副词。句意：奥运会为运动员提供了一个独特的平台，在这里他们展示自己的技能并激励未来的滑雪者。先行词为“platform”，在定语从句中作地点状语，关系副词为where。故填where。 【3题详解】 考查介词。句意：滑雪项目是冬季奥运会中最受欢迎的项目之一，数百万人观看比赛。此处需要一个介词表示“在……之中”，强调滑雪项目在众多项目中的地位，用among。故填among。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：滑雪装备的进步，如滑雪板、靴子和头盔，使运动员能够突破在斜坡上可能的极限。allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事，不定式作宾补。故填to push。 【5题详解】 考查形容词。句意：然而，技术也引发了滑雪中的争议，因为一些运动员被指控使用增强性能的技术来获得优势。performance-enhancing意为“增强性能的”，为形容词作定语。故填enhancing。 【6题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：随着滑雪的不断发展，新的项目很可能会被加入到奥运会中。表示将来要发生的动作，用一般将来时，主语与谓语为被动关系。故填will be added。 【7题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：一些专家预测，随着运动员斜坡上的极限，滑雪项目将变得更加极限，而其他人则认为，随着主办国努力减少奥运会对环境的影响，滑雪项目可能会变得更加环保。根据句意可知，此处需要一个形容词比较级，表示“更加极限”。故填more extreme。 【8题详解】 考查代词。句意：一些专家预测，随着运动员斜坡上的极限，滑雪项目将变得更加极限，而其他人则认为，随着主办国努力减少奥运会对环境的影响，滑雪项目可能会变得更加环保。此处需要一个代词与“some experts”形成对比，表示“其他人”。故填others。 【9题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：无论未来如何，有一件事是确定：滑雪将继续成为冬季奥运会的重要组成部分，因为它提供了运动能力、技巧和艺术性的独特结合。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，连接词为what。故填what。 【10题详解】 考查连词。句意：无论未来如何，有一件事是确定的：滑雪将继续成为冬季奥运会的重要组成部分，因为它提供了运动能力、技巧和艺术性的独特结合。表示“直接”原因，用连词because。故填because。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. additionally B. alike C. applauded D. appetite E. cooperative F. divide G. engage H. fueled I. layered J. marriage K. reimagined Success of “Ne Zha 2” Spotlights Appeal, Artistry, Creativity of Chinese Culture The runaway success of “Ne Zha 2” is the first film to generate $1 billion dollars in a single market and the first non-Hollywood title to join the billion-dollar club. It is a masterclass in cultural reinvention and has been ____11____for its combination of tradition and innovation. The film reinvents the tale of Nezha, a rebellious boy-god from Chinese folklore. Director Jiaozi has expanded the narrative scope, introducing complex dynamics, ____12____ storytelling and a richly textured world. The film appeals to young and old audiences ____13____. Its exploration of universal themes— the defiance in the face of power, the struggle against fate, and the embrace of self-confidence— has struck a chord with viewers, making it a rare cinematic achievement that goes beyond cultural ____14____. Equally impressive is the film’s technical brilliance. “Ne Zha 2” represents a quantum leap in China’s animation industry, boasting visuals and effects that parallel those of Hollywood blockbusters. With around 2, 000 special effects shots and contributions from 138 animation studios, the film showcases the ____15____ power of China’s creative ecosystem. Breathtaking scenes, such as the exciting battle at Tianyuan Ding and the transformation of Nezha’s physical form, are not just technique but also narrative devices that enhance the emotional depth of the story. This ____16____ of artistry and technology exemplifies the significant advancement of China’s film industry. The success of “Ne Zha 2” also highlights the growing ____17____ for homegrown content among Chinese audiences. In recent years, there has been growing interest in traditional culture, ____18____ by a sense of national pride and a desire for stories that resonate with local identities. Films like “Ne Zha 2” arc part of a natural renaissance where ancient tales are ____19____ through a modern lens. This trend speaks to a deeper shift in China’s cultural landscape, where creativity and tradition are combined to create works that are locally meaningful and globally appealing. Undoubtedly, “Ne Zha 2” is more than just a film; it’s a cultural milestone. Its success reflects the dynamism of China’s creative industries, the enduring appeal of its cultural heritage, and the potential for Chinese stories to _____20_____ audiences all over the world. 【答案】11. C 12. I 13. B 14. F 15. E 16. J 17. D 18. H 19. K 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了电影《哪吒2》的成功，强调了中国文化的吸引力、艺术性和创造力，以及中国电影产业的进步。 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：它是文化再造的大师级作品，因其将传统与创新相结合而备受赞誉。根据 “its combination of tradition and innovation.”可知，表示“称赞”，选项中“applauded”符合题意。本句为现在完成时的被动语态。故填C。 【12题详解】 考查形容词。句意：导演饺子扩展了叙事范围，引入了复杂的动态、层次分明的故事讲述和一个丰富多彩的世界。表示“层次分明的”，“layered”符合题意，作定语。故填I。 【13题详解】 考查副词。句意：这部电影岁年轻和年长的观众同样具有吸引力。表示“同样地”，“alike”符合题意，作状语。故填B。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：它探索了普遍的主题——面对权力的反抗、与命运的斗争以及自信的拥抱——引起了观众的共鸣，使其成为超越文化分歧的罕见电影成就。表示“分歧”，“divide”符合题意。作宾语。故填F。 【15题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这部电影有来自138家动画工作室的约2000个特效镜头和贡献，展示了中国创意生态系统的合作力量。“cooperative”符合题意，表示“合作的”作定语。故填E。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：艺术与技术的结合体现了中国电影产业的显著进步。，表示“结合”。“marriage”符合题意。作宾语。故填J。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：《哪吒2》的成功也凸显了中国观众对本土内容日益增长的需求。表示“需求”，“appetite”符合题意。作宾语。故填D。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：近年来，人们对传统文化的兴趣日益增长，这种兴趣是由民族自豪感和对与本土身份产生共鸣的故事的渴望所推动的。表示“被推动”，“fueled”符合题意。与上文为被动关系，用过去分词。故填H 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：像《哪吒2》这样的电影是自然复兴的一部分，在这个复兴中，古老的故事通过现代镜头被重新想象。表示“被重新想象”，“reimagined”符合题意。本句为一般现在时的被动语态。故填K。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：它的成功反映了中国创意产业的活力、其文化遗产的持久吸引力以及中国故事吸引全世界观众的潜力。表示“吸引”，“engage”符合题意。to后接动词不定式。故填G。 II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. The mental pain of failure itself can stimulate you to become better at the activity in which you lack proficiency — if you can reframe the negative experiences as a(n) ____21____ of personal growth. This is what researchers found in 2022 when they conducted a field experiment at an improvisation (即兴表演) club. One group of amateur improvisers was ____22____ to actively seek the feeling of awkwardness. The scholars found that, compared with improvisers who were not given this instruction, the first group was more engaged in the exercise. Instead of seeing the discomfort as something to avoid, they saw it as ____23____ to the process and leaned into it. Another helpful way to turn the discomfort of failure into a source of ____24____ is what psychologists call “action rumination”. Ruminating on failure is widely recognized to be a destructive waste of time, because this type of reflection ____25____ what failure says about one as a person and questioning self-worth. Action rumination is different. It involves ____26____ the exact missteps that one made and how they could be ____27____ in the future. Scholars have shown that thinking through something you have done poorly in this ____28____ corrective way can lead to learning and improvement ____29____ frustration and shame. The research is clear that although we hate to fail, doing so can be beneficial for learning a new skill and mastering an old one. This has ____30____ for how to improve ordinary life. ____31____ you can put failure — or unsatisfactory performance, at least — to good use in many areas of life. If you’re a student, take a class fundamentally ____32____ your area of skills and interests, knowing that the struggle to cope with a very novel challenge may improve studying what you do like. Delight in the difficulty of it and analyze the mistakes you make — and you will almost certainly find that you’re doing even better at your ____33____ subject. The ____34____ principle can even be applied to happiness. None of us wants to be unhappy. But inviting sources of unhappiness in life can be extremely beneficial. ____35____ not to be afraid of fear, anger, or sadness. They are normal and natural parts of life after all. Dealing with them openly, though uncomfortable, will improve your skills at doing so. And if you let them, they will help you appreciate the joys of life all the more. 21. A. target B. example C. consequence D. indicator 22. A. assisted B. directed C. obliged D. forbidden 23. A. superior B. optional C. temporary D. central 24. A. pride B. inspiration C. progress D. encouragement 25. A. centers on B. arises from C. relies on D. differs from 26. A. replaying B. celebrating C. simplifying D. ignoring 27. A. recalled B. remedied C. overlooked D. repeated 28. A. randomly B. passively C. deliberately D. impulsively 29. A. as opposed to B. in terms of C. on account of D. in case of 30. A. reasons B. substitutes C. requirements D. implications 31. A. On the contrary B. In other words C. As a result D. In general 32. A. based on B. close to C. different from D. linked to 33. A. compulsory B. tough C. hated D. preferred 34. A. avoid-success B. embrace-failure C. delay-success D. criticize-failure 35. A. Resolve B. Pretend C. Promise D. Swear 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现失败可以使人变得更好，人们不应该在回避不舒服的事情，而是把它看作是过程的核心，并倾向于它。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：失败本身带来的精神痛苦能够激励你在自己不熟练的活动中变得更好——如果你能将这些负面经历重新定义为个人成长的一个标志。A. target目标；B. example例子；C. consequence结果；D. indicator标志。根据上文“The mental pain of failure itself can stimulate you to become better at the activity in which you lack proficiency”可知，失败本身带来的精神痛苦能够激励你在自己不熟练的活动中变得更好，说明消极经历可以作为个人成长的一个标志。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一组业余即兴表演者被要求积极寻找尴尬的感觉。A. assisted帮助；B. directed指导，要求；C. obliged迫使；D. forbidden禁止。根据上文“This is what researchers found in 2022 when they conducted a field experiment at an improvisation club.(这是研究人员在2022年在一个即兴表演俱乐部进行现场实验时发现的)”可知，本句主要说明研究开展的经过，即一组业余即兴表演者被要求积极寻找尴尬的感觉。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们没有把不舒服看作是要避免的事情，而是把它看作是过程的核心，并倾向于它。A. superior更好的；B. optional可选择的；C. temporary暂时的；D. central中心的。根据上文“Instead of seeing the discomfort as something to avoid”可知，表演者没有把不舒服看作是要避免的事情，而是把它看作是过程的核心。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一种将失败带来的不适转化为进步源泉的有效方法是心理学家所说的“行动反刍”。A. pride骄傲；B. inspiration灵感；C. progress进步；D. encouragement鼓励。根据上文“The scholars found that, compared with improvisers who were not given this instruction, the first group was more engaged in the exercise.(学者们发现，与没有得到这种指导的即兴表演者相比，第一组人更投入到练习中)”可知，寻找不适感觉的表演者更加投入，说明将失败带来的不适转化为进步源泉，故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：人们普遍认为对失败反复思考是对时间的毁灭性浪费，因为这种类型的反思集中在失败对一个人的影响和对自我价值的质疑上。A. centers on集中于，以……为中心；B. arises from由……引起；C. relies on依靠；D. differs from不同于。根据上文“Ruminating on failure is widely recognized to be a destructive waste of time”以及下文“what failure says about one as a person and questioning self-worth”可知，对失败的反复思考是浪费时间，因为这种类型的反思集中在失败对一个人的影响和对自我价值的质疑上。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它包括重述自己所犯的错误，以及未来如何补救。A. replaying重述，重放；B. celebrating庆祝；C. simplifying简化；D. ignoring忽视。根据上文“Action rumination is different.(行动反刍是不同的)”可知，本句主要是在解释行动反刍的概念，结合下文“the exact missteps that one made”指行动反刍重述自己所犯的错误，故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它包括重述自己所犯的错误，以及未来如何补救。A. recalled回想起；B. remedied纠正，补救；C. overlooked忽略；D. repeated重复。根据上文“the exact missteps that one made and how they could be”以及上文提到行动反刍与对失败的反复思考不同，说明行动反刍主要针对的是未来如何补救自己的错误，而不是浪费时间思考失败。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：学者们已经证明，用这种“故意”纠正的方式来思考你做得不好的事情可以带来学习和进步，而不是沮丧和羞愧。A. randomly随机地；B. passively被动地；C. deliberately故意地；D. impulsively冲动地。根据上文“the exact missteps that one made and how they could be”可知，行动反刍是有意识地反思自己的错误，即“故意”纠正自己的错误。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：学者们已经证明，用这种“故意”纠正的方式来思考你做得不好的事情可以带来学习和进步，而不是沮丧和羞愧。A. as opposed to而不是；B. in terms of就……而言；C. on account of由于，因为；D. in case of万一。根据上文“corrective way can lead to learning and improvement”可知，这种“故意”纠正的方式来思考你做得不好的事情可以带来学习和进步，而不是沮丧和羞愧。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对如何改善日常生活具有启示意义。A. reasons理由；B. substitutes替代品；C. requirements要求；D. implications启示，暗示。根据下文“you can put failure — or unsatisfactory performance, at least — to good use in many areas of life”引申到了如何改善生活，说明行动反刍对如何改善日常生活具有启示意义。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：换句话说，你可以在生活的许多方面充分利用失败——或者至少是不令人满意的表现。A. On the contrary相反；B. In other words换句话说；C. As a result因此；D. In general通常。下文“you can put failure — or unsatisfactory performance, at least — to good use in many areas of life”主要是在解释如何对改善日常生活具有启示意义，即换句话说，你可以在生活的许多方面充分利用失败——或者至少是不令人满意的表现。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：如果你是一名学生，选择一门与你的技能和兴趣领域完全不同的课程，要知道努力应对一个非常新奇的挑战可能会促进你学习自己喜欢的东西。A. based on基于；B. close to几乎，接近；C. different from不同于；D. linked to连接，与……有联系。根据下文“a very novel challenge”可知，建议选择和技能和兴趣领域完全不同的课程，从新奇的挑战中学习，故选C。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：享受它的困难，分析你犯的错误——你几乎肯定会发现你在你更喜欢的科目上做得更好。A. compulsory义务的，强制的；B. tough艰难的；C. hated令人讨厌的；D. preferred更喜欢的，偏爱的。呼应上文“a very novel challenge may improve studying what you do like”可知，享受困难，分析错误会让你在你更喜欢的科目上做得更好。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：拥抱失败的原则甚至也适用于幸福。A. avoid-success回避成功；B. embrace-failure接受失败；C. delay-success推迟成功；D. criticize-failure批评失败。根据上文“you can put failure — or unsatisfactory performance, at least — to good use in many areas of life”可知，文章主要说明的是要接纳自己的失败，从失败中进行反思，故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：下定决心不要害怕恐惧、愤怒或悲伤。A. Resolve决定；B. Pretend假装；C. Promise承诺；D. Swear咒骂。根据下文“not to be afraid of fear, anger, or sadness”以及“They are normal and natural parts of life after all. Dealing with them openly, though uncomfortable, will improve your skills at doing so. And if you let them, they will help you appreciate the joys of life all the more.(毕竟，它们是生活中正常而自然的一部分。尽管会让人不舒服，但公开地处理这些问题会提高你处理这些问题的技巧。如果你让他们这样做，他们会帮助你更加欣赏生活的乐趣)”可知，建议下定决心不要害怕恐惧、愤怒或悲伤。故选A。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Constructed on a highland overlooking the city of Granada, Spain, the palace of Alhambra is situated in a natural wonderland. At the base of the highland, the Darro River flows to the north, defending the palace. Its structure features solid city walls, which are tall and thick and can effectively resist enemy attacks. Its elevated buildings could keep watch over the city and its surroundings, serving as strongholds for signal transmission. The Alhambra was built chiefly between 1238 and 1358 as a royal palace and military complex of the Emirate of Granada, a Muslim state. Alhambra is derived from the Arabic “al-Hamra”, meaning “the red one”. The reddish color comes from the iron oxide in the local clay used for the construction. As a royal city, the Alhambra contained at least six major palaces, most of them located along the northern edge where they commanded views over Granada. The most famous and best-preserved palaces are the main attraction to visitors today. Outside the Alhambra walls is the Generalife, a former royal estate and summer palace accompanied by historic and modern landscaped gardens. The last king of Granada laid down his arms to the Spanish troops in January 1492, without the Alhambra itself being attacked. Most of the Muslim-style buildings were well-preserved. Christopher Columbus, who witnessed the surrender of Granada, presented his plans for an expedition across the Atlantic to the king of Spain. In April, they signed the contract which set the terms for the expedition which landed in America later that year. Between 1810 and 1812 Granada was seized by Napoleon’s army. The French troops occupied the Alhambra as a fortified position and renovated the palace for military purposes, causing significant damage to the monument. In 1821, an earthquake caused further damage. In 1830, the American writer Washington Irving lived in Granada and wrote his Tales of the Alhambra, which played a major role in arousing international interest in southern Spain and in its Islamic-era history. In 1870 the Alhambra was declared a National Monument of Spain and the state set a budget for its conservation. Later, in 1984, the Alhambra was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and it is now one of the most popular tourist destinations in Spain. 36. According to the first two paragraphs, what can be inferred about the Alhambra? A. It integrates defensive advantages with natural landscape. B. It was built far away from Granada to avoid attacks. C. It is located near a river for easier access to water. D. Its construction materials were sourced from abroad. 37. The underlined word “fortified” means “________”. A. beautifully decorated B. strengthened for defense C. open to the public D. temporarily abandoned 38. Which of the following statements about the Alhambra is TRUE? A. Its name originates from its geographical location and artistic appeal. B. It was nominated as a heritage site due to Columbus’ achievement. C. The peaceful transition of power in 1492 protected the palace. D. Its architectural design mainly reflects Christian influences. 39. Which one is the best title of the article? A. The ups and downs of Granada B. Historical facts about the Alhambra C. Conflicts between Spain and France D. Architectural achievements in Spain 【答案】36. A 37. B 38. C 39. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了西班牙格拉纳达的阿尔罕布拉宫的历史、建筑特点及其在历史事件中的角色。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Constructed on a highland overlooking the city of Granada, Spain, the palace of Alhambra is situated in a natural wonderland. At the base of the highland, the Darro River flows to the north, defending the palace. Its structure features solid city walls, which are tall and thick and can effectively resist enemy attacks. Its elevated buildings could keep watch over the city and its surroundings, serving as strongholds for signal transmission.(阿尔罕布拉宫建在俯瞰西班牙格拉纳达市高地上，位于一个自然奇观中。高地底部，达罗河向北流淌，守护着宫殿。其结构特点是坚固的城墙，高大而厚实，能有效抵御敌人的攻击。其高耸的建筑可以俯瞰城市及其周边，作为信号传输的据点)”可知，阿尔罕布拉宫结合了防御优势与自然景观。故选A。 【37题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文四段“The French troops occupied the Alhambra as a fortified position and renovated the palace for military purposes, causing significant damage to the monument.(法国军队将阿尔罕布拉宫作为一个fortified据点占领，并为军事目的翻新宫殿，对纪念碑造成了重大损害。）可知，为军事目的翻新宫殿，法国军队将阿尔罕布拉宫作为一个防御据点占领。所以“fortified”意为“加强防御”。故选B。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The last king of Granada laid down his arms to the Spanish troops in January 1492, without the Alhambra itself being attacked. Most of the Muslim-style buildings were well-preserved.(1492年1月，格拉纳达的最后一位国王向西班牙军队投降，阿尔罕布拉宫本身并未受到攻击。大部分穆斯林风格的建筑都保存完好)”可知,1492年的和平权力交接保护了宫殿。故选C。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，文章主要介绍了阿尔罕布拉宫的历史、建筑特点及其在历史事件中的角色。选项B（关于阿尔罕布拉宫的历史事实）为最佳标题，故选B。 (B) WHAT IS NEWS LITERACY? News literacy is the ability to determine the credibility of news and other information and recognize the standards of fact-based journalism. It is an essential 21st century skill, the core of any media literacy, digital literacy or civics program. Organizational values We are living in the most challenging and complex information landscape in history. News literacy education empowers people with skills to successfully navigate this landscape. People who are exposed to the NILP’s programs learn how to identify what they can trust, share and act on, and they become better informed, more engaged and more equal participants in the civic life of their community, their country and the world. Learn about four factors you should consider when evaluating the credibility of a claim. FACTOR 1: AUTHENTICITY Is it authentic? The digital age has made creating, sharing and accessing information easier than ever before, but it’s also made it easier to manipulate everything from social media posts to photos, videos and screenshots. The ability to determine whether something you see online is genuine is a fundamental fact-checking skill. FACTOR 2: SOURCE Has it been posted or confirmed by a credible source? Not all sources of information are created equal, but it can be easy to glaze over the significant differences while scrolling through feeds online. Standards-based news organizations have guidelines to ensure accuracy, fairness, transparency and accountability. While these sources aren’t perfect, they’re far more credible and reliable than sources that have no such standards. Viral rumors that confirm one’s perspectives and beliefs or that repeatedly appear in social media feeds can feel true, but if no credible source of information has confirmed a given claim, it’s best to stay alert. FACTOR 3: EVIDENCE Is there evidence that proves the claim? Misinformation lacks sound evidence by its very nature - but it often tricks people into either overlooking that fact or into accepting faulty evidence. Many false claims are groundless statements, while others present digital fakes and out-of-context elements for support. Evaluating the strength of evidence for a claim is a key fact-checking skill. FACTOR 4: REASONING Is it based on solid reasoning? Misinformation is often designed to exploit our cognitive biases and vulnerability to logical errors. These blind spots in our rational thinking can make baseless conclusions feel valid or even undeniable — particularly when they reinforce one’s beliefs, attitudes and values. Learning to logic-check claims is an important element in verifying information. 40. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A. The presence of evidence automatically makes a claim credible. B. Checking the authenticity of a claim is optional in news literacy practices. C. Misinformation is difficult to detect because it always presents logically sound arguments. D. News literacy is a component of digital literacy to help individuals identify trustworthy online information. 41. A group of students in JP is very interested in FACTOR ________ and has created the following poster. A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 42. Who would find this passage most useful? A. Educators wanting to develop news literacy skills. B. Politicians aiming to improve their public image. C. Professional journalists seeking advanced interview techniques. D. Social media strategists looking to write eye-catching headlines. 【答案】40. D 41. B 42. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新闻素养的重要性及评估信息可信度的四个因素：真实性、来源、证据和推理。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“News literacy is the ability to determine the credibility of news and other information and recognize the standards of fact-based journalism. It is an essential 21st century skill, the core of any media literacy, digital literacy or civics program. (新闻素养是指判断新闻及其他信息可信度，并识别基于事实的新闻报道标准的能力。它是 21 世纪的一项必备技能，也是任何媒介素养、数字素养或公民教育课程的核心。)”可知，新闻素养是判断新闻和其他信息可信度的能力，是数字素养的核心部分。因此，选项D“News literacy is a component of digital literacy to help individuals identify trustworthy online information. (新闻素养是数字素养的一部分，有助于个人识别网上可靠的信息)”是正确的。故选D。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据图片中的标题“Is it credible? -- Four steps for you (它可信吗？——给你四个步骤)”和海报中给出的四个步骤可知，海报主要围绕信息来源的可信度展开，与列出的四个因素中的第二个因素“FACTOR 2: SOURCE Has it been posted or confirmed by a credible source? (因素 2：来源 它是由可靠的来源发布或证实的吗？)相符，可以推断出学生们对“来源”这个因素非常感兴趣，并且为此制作了一张海报。因此，选项B“2”是正确的。故选B。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据Organizational values部分的“News literacy education empowers people with skills to successfully navigate this landscape. People who are exposed to the NILP’s programs learn how to identify what they can trust, share and act on, and they become better informed, more engaged and more equal participants in the civic life of their community, their country and the world. (新闻素养教育赋予人们相应技能，使其能够成功应对这一复杂的信息环境。接触过新闻素养教育项目（NILP）的人学会了如何辨别哪些信息是他们可以信任、分享并依此行动的内容。并且，他们在自己所在社区、国家乃至全球的公民生活中，变得见闻更加广博、参与度更高，也成为了更加平等的参与者。)”结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了新闻素养的概念、组织价值观以及评估信息可信度的四个因素，这些内容对于想要培养新闻素养技能的教育工作者来说最有用。故选A。 (C) One of the universe’s most fascinating wonders is the variability of timekeeping: seconds pass slightly faster on a mountain than in a valley; a free-falling clock on the moon, compared to Earth, runs about 56 microseconds faster each day, a small but significant divide over time. NASA and its international partners are now working to establish a new “time scale” for the moon, accounting for these differences, rather than simply creating a lunar time zone. Humans have long relied on natural timekeepers like sundials and lunar phases. However, since the appearance of mechanical clocks in the 14th century, precision has become vital. Albert Einstein’s theories of relativity further complicated timekeeping by revealing that gravity slows time. General relativity explains that massive objects, like Earth, bend space-time, causing time to pass more slowly closer to their surface. This phenomenon has been confirmed by atomic clocks, which measure time using atomic oscillation (振荡) and tick slower near Earth’s surface. To manage these complexities, scientists use a global network of atomic clocks to create Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), averaging readings to ensure accuracy. However, time behaves even more unpredictably far from Earth, where gravity weakens and motion affects its passage, according to Einstein’s special relativity. Spacecraft already navigate these challenges using onboard oscillators to maintain their own time while correlating with Earth’s UTC. For example, missions to Pluto or the Kuiper Belt rely on ground stations but also use their own time scales for navigation. GPS satellites, orbiting 12, 550 miles above Earth, have provided valuable data by comparing the atomic clocks to Earth-bound ones, helping scientists refine timekeeping for lunar missions. Creating a lunar time scale involves accurately measuring time on the moon while ensuring it can be related back to Earth time. To achieve precision, scientists plan to use a network of clocks on the moon, potentially combining atomic clocks for long-term stability and crystal oscillators for short-term accuracy. These clocks could be placed in lunar orbit or on the surface, with costs ranging from millions of dollars to hundreds of millions of dollars. This network will support LunaNet, a lunar navigation and communication system similar to Earth’s internet and GPS. Establishing this framework requires international collaboration, with NASA and the European Space Agency leading efforts. However, gaining agreement from non-allied nations remains a challenge. Precision timekeeping is crucial not only for scientific understanding but also for mission infrastructure. By applying lessons from Earth, scientists aim to create a reliable lunar time scale, paving the way for future missions to Mars and beyond. As Cheryl Gramling of NASA noted, mastering lunar timekeeping will prepare humanity for deeper exploration of the solar system. 43. According to the article, why do seconds pass slightly faster on a mountain than in a valley? A. Because the closer to massive objects, the stronger gravity’s effect on time is. B. Because atomic clocks are less accurate when they are near Earth’s surface. C. Because Earth’s rotation squeezes gravity more intensely at lower altitudes. D. Because atmospheric pressure extends gravitational bending of time at higher altitudes. 44. The author mentions GPS satellites in paragraph 4 to ________. A. highlight what the limitations of atomic clocks in space are B. argue that GPS technology will be directly used for lunar missions in the future C. illustrate that lunar timekeeping will be even simpler than the earth’s GPS system D. give an example of how timekeeping challenges in space were addressed 45. What challenge may scientists encounter when they set up LunaNet? A. The accuracy of placing the clocks in lunar orbit. B. The correlation of atomic clocks with crystal oscillators. C. The difficulty of reaching an agreement among all countries. D. The high cost of a lunar navigation and communication system. 46. What does the article suggest about lunar timekeeping? A. It is an ultimate goal shared by NASA and its allied nations. B. It is a significant pursuit but with few practical applications. C. It will establish a lunar time zone different from that on Earth. D. It is an important step towards future space exploration. 【答案】43. A 44. D 45. C 46. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了科学家们如何应对时间在宇宙中的变化，特别是为月球建立新的时间尺度，以支持未来的太空探索任务。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Albert Einstein’s theories of relativity further complicated timekeeping by revealing that gravity slows time.General relativity explains that massive objects, like Earth, bend space-time, causing time to pass more slowly closer to their surface.(阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的相对论揭示了重力会减慢时间，从而使计时变得更加复杂。广义相对论解释，像地球这样的大质量物体会弯曲时空，导致时间在其表面附近流逝得更慢)”可知，靠近大质量物体时，重力对时间的影响更强，因此山谷中的时间比山顶流逝得更慢。选项A（因为越靠近大质量物体，重力对时间的影响越强）符合文意，故选A。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“GPS satellites, orbiting 12, 550 miles above Earth, have provided valuable data by comparing the atomic clocks to Earth-bound ones, helping scientists refine timekeeping for lunar missions.(GPS卫星在地球上空12,550英里处运行，通过将原子钟与地球上的原子钟进行比较，提供了宝贵的数据，帮助科学家改进月球任务的时间测量)”可知，作者提到GPS卫星是为了举例说明如何在太空中应对时间测量的挑战。故选D。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“Establishing this framework requires international collaboration, with NASA and the European Space Agency leading efforts. However, gaining agreement from non-allied nations remains a challenge.(建立这一框架需要国际合作，由NASA和欧洲航天局牵头。然而，获得非盟国的同意仍然是一个挑战)”可知，科学家在建立LunaNet时可能遇到的挑战是难以达成国际共识。故选C。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Precision timekeeping is crucial not only for scientific understanding but also for mission infrastructure. By applying lessons from Earth, scientists aim to create a reliable lunar time scale, paving the way for future missions to Mars and beyond.(精确的时间测量不仅对科学理解至关重要，对任务基础设施也至关重要。通过应用地球上的经验，科学家们旨在创建一个可靠的月球时间尺度，为未来火星及更远的任务铺平道路)”可知，月球时间测量是未来太空探索的重要一步。故选D。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. How to love what you do “FIND YOUR PASSION!” This is an inspiring saying, but is it good advice? “Finding” a passion implies that it already exists and is simply waiting to be discovered. ____47____ They often begin with a spark of curiosity about a subject and later, through a process involving repeated engagement, positive experiences and increased knowledge, people come to personally value that content or activity and internalize it. What was at first interesting becomes an interest. If these qualities continue to intensify, a passion can emerge. In several studies, we and our colleagues have found that misunderstanding this idea can discourage people. Fortunately, our latest research reveals that there are ways to correct course and cultivate a more open, accurate perspective about interest. To study these ideas, we use a framework of “fixed” and growth mindsets. In school, thinking of one’s intellectual abilities as fixed can be harmful, whereas believing one can develop and grow skills supports greater learning. ____48____ People who think interest and passions are relatively unchangeable have a fixed mindset of interest. In contrast, people who view interests and passions as developed have a growth mindset of interest. The latter comes with many advantages. A fixed mindset of interest, for example, may hold back exploration and creativity. ____49____ We have also found that people with a fixed mindset of interest tend to expect their passions to come easily to them. Those with a growth mindset maintained their new-found interest despite the difficulty. So how can we foster a growth mindset of interest? Realize that passions aren’t waiting to be “found. ” Take an active role in developing them. ____50____ A growth mindset will help you remain open and curious. The saying “Find something you love to do, and you’ll never have to work a day in your life” needs updating. If you work at loving what you do, you might become more creative and resilient. A. Indulge your curiosities and don’t expect new pursuits to always be easy or exciting. B. Students with a growth mindset often hold interests in arts, humanities and social science. C. Plus, those with a fixed mindset are less likely than those with a growth mindset to generate novel solutions that integrate different disciplines. D. Now, we argue for a separate but related idea. E. But science tells us that passions are developed. F. Think about your interests and passions as fixed rather than cultivated. 【答案】47. E 48. D 49. C 50. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了“找到激情”这一观点，指出激情并非天生，而是可以通过努力和培养来发展的。 【47题详解】 根据上文““Finding” a passion implies that it already exists and is simply waiting to be discovered. (“找到”激情意味着它已经存在，只是在等待被发现)”以及后文“They often begin with a spark of curiosity about a subject and later, through a process involving repeated engagement, positive experiences and increased knowledge, people come to personally value that content or activity and internalize it. What was at first interesting becomes an interest. If these qualities continue to intensify, a passion can emerge. (他们通常从对一个主题的好奇开始，后来，通过一个过程，包括反复参与，积极的经历和增加的知识，人们个人开始重视内容或活动，并将其内化。起初有趣的事情变成了一种兴趣。如果这些品质持续增强，激情就会浮现。)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，上文提到激情天然已经存在，后文则说明激情是一个探索的过程，故E选项“但是科学告诉我们，激情是培养出来的。”符合语境，故选E。 【48题详解】 根据上文“To study these ideas, we use a framework of “fixed” and growth mindsets. In school, thinking of one’s intellectual abilities as fixed can be harmful, whereas believing one can develop and grow skills supports greater learning. (为了研究这些想法，我们使用了“固定”和成长型思维模式的框架。在学校里，认为一个人的智力是固定的可能是有害的，而相信一个人可以发展和增长技能有助于更好的学习。)”以及后文“People who think interest and passions are relatively unchangeable have a fixed mindset of interest. In contrast, people who view interests and passions as developed have a growth mindset of interest. (那些认为兴趣和激情是相对不可改变的人有一种固定的兴趣心态。相反，那些认为兴趣和激情是成熟的人有一种兴趣成长心态。)”可知，上文提到“认为一个人的智力是固定的可能是有害的，而相信一个人可以发展和增长技能有助于更好的学习”，本句为过渡句，引出后文关于兴趣和激情关系的观点。故D选项“现在，我们争论一个独立但相关的观点。”符合语境，故选D。 【49题详解】 根据上文“The latter comes with many advantages. A fixed mindset of interest, for example, may hold back exploration and creativity. (后者有很多优点。例如，固定的兴趣心态可能会阻碍探索和创造力。)”以及后文“We have also found that people with a fixed mindset of interest tend to expect their passions to come easily to them. Those with a growth mindset maintained their new-found interest despite the difficulty. (我们还发现，有固定兴趣心态的人倾向于期望他们的激情来得容易。那些拥有成长型思维模式的人，尽管困难重重，仍然保持着他们新发现的兴趣。)”可知，本句主要是针对固定心态和成长性心态进行对比，故C选项“另外，固定心态的人比成长型心态的人更不可能产生整合不同学科的新颖解决方案。”符合语境，故选C。 【50题详解】 根据上文“So how can we foster a growth mindset of interest? Realize that passions aren’t waiting to be “found. ” Take an active role in developing them. (那么，我们如何培养兴趣的成长心态呢？要意识到激情不是等着被“发现”的。在发展这些方面发挥积极作用。)”以及后文“A growth mindset will help you remain open and curious. (成长型心态会帮助你保持开放和好奇。)”可知，本句承接上文，说明如何培养激情的具体方式与保持开放和好奇有关。故A选项“满足你的好奇心，不要期望新的追求总是容易或令人兴奋的。”符合语境，故选A。 Ⅲ. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Crown-of-Thorns Starfish and the Great Barrier Reef (大堡礁) Native to the Indo-Pacific, crown-of-thorns starfish can serve as important predators (捕食者) in healthy reef ecosystems, feeding on fast-growing corals and allowing time for slower ones to develop instead. But problems arise when starfish populations explode. The animals typically have a regular rise and fall cycle, but since the 1960s, scientists have noted an alarming increase in the size and frequency of outbreaks of the predators, which can grow up to half a meter wide. A 2012 study looking at the 27-ycar decline of coral populations on the Great Barrier Reef blamed crown-of-thorns for about 40% of coral mortality. Over the years, several outbreaks have significantly damaged the Great Barrier Reef. In response, scientists launched a killing program in 2012 to try and control starfish numbers across vast reef areas. Despite critics, studies have shown some positive outcomes. Recent research indicates that coral cover increased in regions where the killing starfish took place, suggesting it may have been effective in supporting reef recovery. In certain areas, the coral cover grew by up to 44% from 2016 to 2022. Some experts, however, are unconvinced that the killing offers a long-term solution. Concerns have been raised about the approach’s effectiveness in the face of more significant challenges, such as climate change and global warming. Crown-of-thorns starfish, though damaging in large numbers, play a natural role in controlling coral growth, and their population booms are often linked to human activity like agricultural pollutants. Though the program has shown some success, experts emphasize that addressing the root causes of starfish population boom, like pollution and climate change, is essential for the long-term survival of coral reefs. Researchers are also exploring alternative methods such as using natural predators and early detection systems to provide sustainable solutions. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The crown-of-thorns starfish, native to the Indo-Pacific, plays a crucial role in healthy reef ecosystems by controlling coral growth. However, population explosions since the 1960s have caused significant damage to the Great Barrier Reef, contributing to 40% of coral mortality. A 2012 killing program showed some success in reef recovery, but experts argue it is not a long-term solution. Addressing root causes like pollution and climate change, along with exploring alternative methods, is essential for the reef’s survival. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。棘冠海星原产于印度太平洋，通过控制珊瑚生长在健康的珊瑚礁生态系统中起着至关重要的作用。然而，自20世纪60年代以来，珊瑚数量的激增对大堡礁造成了严重破坏，造成了40%的珊瑚死亡。2012年的一项捕杀计划在珊瑚礁恢复方面取得了一些成功，但专家认为这不是一个长期的解决方案。解决污染和气候变化等根本原因，以及探索替代方法，对珊瑚礁的生存至关重要。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Native to the Indo-Pacific, crown-of-thorns starfish can serve as important predators (捕食者) in healthy reef ecosystems, feeding on fast-growing corals and allowing time for slower ones to develop instead. ②The animals typically have a regular rise and fall cycle, but since the 1960s, scientists have noted an alarming increase in the size and frequency of outbreaks of the predators, which can grow up to half a meter wide. A 2012 study looking at the 27-ycar decline of coral populations on the Great Barrier Reef blamed crown-of-thorns for about 40% of coral mortality. ③In response, scientists launched a killing program in 2012 to try and control starfish numbers across vast reef areas. ④Some experts, however, are unconvinced that the killing offers a long-term solution. ⑤Though the program has shown some success, experts emphasize that addressing the root causes of starfish population boom, like pollution and climate change, is essential for the long-term survival of coral reefs. Researchers are also exploring alternative methods such as using natural predators and early detection systems to provide sustainable solutions. 2.缜密构思 。将1、2、3和4、5点进行总结 3.遣词造句 The crown-of-thorns starfish, native to the Indo-Pacific, plays a crucial role in healthy reef ecosystems by controlling coral growth. However, population explosions since the 1960s have caused significant damage to the Great Barrier Reef, contributing to 40% of coral mortality. A 2012 killing program showed some success in reef recovery, but experts argue it is not a long-term solution. Addressing root causes like pollution and climate change, along with exploring alternative methods, is essential for the reef’s survival. 【点睛】[高分句型1] However, population explosions since the 1960s have caused significant damage to the Great Barrier Reef, contributing to 40% of coral mortality.（运用了现在分词作状语） [高分句型2] A 2012 killing program showed some success in reef recovery, but experts argue it is not a long-term solution.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 在这部电视剧中，他的表演浑然天成，备受赞誉。(appreciate) (汉译英) 【答案】In this TV series, his acting is completely natural and highly appreciated. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“在这部电视剧中”短语为in this TV series；表示“他的表演”翻译为his acting；表示“浑然天成”应用be completely natural；表示“备受赞誉”应用be highly appreciated。为一般现在时。故翻译为In this TV series, his acting is completely natural and highly appreciated. 53. 选择性培育的作物被改造得面目全非，使它们看起来与野生的祖先完全不同。 (which) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Selectively bred crops have been transformed beyond recognition, which makes them appear entirely different from their wild progenitors. 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和短语。表示“选择性培育的作物”用selectively bred crops，作主语；表示“改造”用动词transform，与主语构成被动关系，且表示过去对现在的影响用现在完成时的被动语态；表示“面目全非”为beyond recognition；后跟which引导的非限制性定语从句；表示“使……”为make sth. do；表示“完全不同”可用appear entirely different from；表示为“野生的祖先”their wild progenitors。故填Selectively bred crops have been transformed beyond recognition, which makes them appear entirely different from their wild progenitors. 54. 当你遇到意想不到的挑战时，当务之急是找到问题的关键和解决对策，而不是坐在那里自怨自艾。 (rather than) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When you encounter unexpected challenges, the priority is to find the key to the problem and solutions, rather than sit around feeling sorry for yourself. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态，短语和非谓语动词。根据句意用一般现在时。本句为when引导的时间状语从句，从句谓语动词为“遇到 encounter ；“意想不到的挑战”为unexpected challenges，作宾语。主句主语为“当务之急”可译为the priority，是单数，谓语动词用is，“找到问题的关键和解决的对策”作表语，用不定式形式，译为to find the key to the problem and solutions，the key to“……的关键”，rather than“而不是”，连接并列不定式作表语，可省略不定式符号，接动词原形，sit around“闲坐”，“自怨自艾”译为feel sorry for yourself，用现在分词形式作伴随状语，故答案为When you encounter unexpected challenges, the priority is to find the key to the problem and solutions, rather than sit around feeling sorry for yourself. 55. 太极(Tai Chi)是中华民族传统文化之瑰宝，其动作柔缓，但能以突然爆发的力量将对手击退。(feature) (汉译英) 【答案】Tai Chi, the treasure of traditional Chinese culture, features slow and gentle movements which, however, can defeat the opponent with sudden strength. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语、时态和从句。本句描述客观事实，用一般现在时。Tai Chi为主语；表示“是中华民族传统文化之瑰宝”可用名词短语the treasure of traditional Chinese culture作同位语；动词feature“以……为特色”作谓语，主谓一致，用单数形式，表示“其动作柔缓”为features slow and gentle movements；表示“但能以突然爆发的力量将对手击退”可用which非限制性定语从句，“打败”是defeat，作从句谓语动词，“对手”是 opponent，作从句宾语，“用突然爆发的利用”是 with sudden strength，副词however表示转折。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为Tai Chi, the treasure of traditional Chinese culture, features slow and gentle movements which, however, can defeat the opponent with sudden strength. V. Guided Writing 56 Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你是明启中学的高三学生李明，你学校的校报专栏”Pictures talk” 提供了两幅图片，并向广大师生征文。你有感而发，想向该专栏投稿。你的文章必须包含： 1. 对图片的简要描述; 2. 你的看法。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】In the first picture, a young man tries repeatedly to shoot arrows at a target but fails to hit the center. He looks frustrated and wonders whether all his efforts mean failure. In the second picture, the man gives up and throws his bow and arrows into a trash can, leaving the target behind. From my perspective these two pictures show that failure is part of the process towards success. The man who keeps trying may feel disappointed, but this is how one learns and grows. If we give up too soon, we will never know how close we might have been to our goals. Therefore, it is essential to learn from mistakes and keep making progress. As long as we persevere, every “failure” becomes a valuable lesson leading us closer to success in the end. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生需在学校的校报专栏”Pictures talk” 提供了两幅图片，并向广大师生征文。你有感而发，想向该专栏投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 沮丧的：frustrated→disappointed 放弃：give up→abandon 目标：goal→target 重要的：essential→important 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Therefore, it is essential to learn from mistakes and keep making progress. 拓展句：Therefore, it is essential that we should learn from mistakes and keep making progress.. 【点睛】[高分句型1] He looks frustrated and wonders whether all his efforts mean failure. (运用了whether引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2] As long as we persevere, every “failure” becomes a valuable lesson leading us closer to success in the end. (运用了as long as引导的条件状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$