精品解析：上海市格致中学2023-2024学年第二学期高三第一次测验英语试题

格致中学二〇二四学年度第二学期第一次测验 高三年级英语试卷 (测试105分钟内完成，总分115分，试后交答题卷) I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the following passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. While this year’s Spring Festival box office broke records and was the source of a major boost in consumer spending nationwide, authorities also made gains in their campaign ___1___ film piracy (盗版行为). ___2___ the latest campaign was launched in January, more than 40 people have been detained (拘留) on suspicion of unauthorized filming, pirating recordings and illegal distribution of this year’s Spring Festival blockbusters, according to official data released Sunday. The campaign ___3___ (run) by the National Copyright Administration, the China Film Administration, the Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Culture and Tourism at the moment. It aims to crack down on piracy in the film industry and raise public awareness of copyright protection. By Feb 20, authorities had removed nearly 2.3 million web links ___4___ infringed on (侵犯) the copyrights of recent box office hits. They also banned or restricted 4,116 online accounts for repeatedly violating copyright laws, officials said. In Jinhua, Zhejiang province, police detained 11 people ___5___ (suspect) of setting up websites and apps to distribute pirated copies of blockbusters such as Ne Zha 2 and Creation of the Gods II: Demon Force for profit. The suspects earned more than 14 million yuan ($1.9 million) combined. With the animated film Ne Zha 2 now ranked seventh on the all-time global box office chart, authorities have also targeted unauthorized commercial use of ___6___characters. “Movies are the result of the hard work of creators. Piracy and illegal broadcasting are like cancer in the film industry, severely ___7___(restrain) its healthy development,” said Lai Chunlei, a lawyer at Beijing Huazi Law Firm. China’s Criminal Law states that individuals who pirate films for profit will be sentenced to up to three years in prison and fined. If the illegal earnings are substantial or the offense is considered severe, the maximum sentence ___8___ (impose) can be seven years. “___9___ it is unauthorized recording or selling pirated copies, both acts violate film copyrights,” Lai said. “Violators of both crimes ___10___ be strictly punished to maintain order in the film market.” Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. export B. universal C. placed D. steady E. postpone F. inferior G. risk H. sophisticated I. alertness J. tagged K. immortality Why matcha, made from green tea, is the drink of the moment? It was a freezing winter’s day in London as customers jostled (拥挤) in a tiny station of Blank Street, a coffee-shop chain. You might have expected them to pick up a warming cappuccino. Instead, many ___11___ orders for iced matcha lattes, which arrived in shades of green, cream (white-chocolate flavour) or purple (blueberry). Such is the craze for matcha that fans are willing to ___12___ frostbite to get their hands on one. Blank Street claims that it sells some form of the green-tea-based drink “every four seconds” from its 80-odd shops in Britain and America. In Japan, the world’s leading producer of matcha, the ___13___ value of tea in 2023 rose by 33% from the previous year. The global market for matcha-based products is worth around $4.24 billion and will grow around 53% by 2029, predicts the Business Research Company, a consultancy. Matcha is also big on social media: videos ___14___ Matcha on TikTok have more than 15bn views. Fans share recipes and teach their followers how to tell a high-quality matcha powder from a(n) ___15___ one. Asia is responsible for more than 40% of matcha consumption: as well as going into bottled, pre-mixed drinks, the powder is used in ice cream, biscuits and mochi (rice cakes). Matcha is made from ground leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant. Interestingly, the ___16___ tea culture flourished in China during the Tang Dynasty. Myoan Eisai, a Japanese monk, came across it while travelling there in the 12th century; he brought seeds back to Japan and wrote a book advocating green tea’s benefits, describing it as “the elixir (灵丹妙药) of ___17___”. Matcha later spread through Japanese polite society with the rise of chanoyu, or the tea ceremony. What explains the drink’s newfound popularity outside Asia? Matcha experts tout it as a healthier alternative to coffee. Some studies suggest that green tea’s antioxidants (抗氧化物) can help ___18___ cardiovascular disease, improve gut health and speed up metabolism. It also gives a ___19___ boost of energy, compared with the surge and crash of a cup of coffee. A coffee contains around 100-200 milligram of caffeine; a matcha contains around 70 milligram, as well as L-theanine, an amino acid, which together improve concentration and ___20___. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. If you’re chained to your phone and unhappy about it, you might consider receiving smartphone notifications (通知) at set ___21___ throughout the day rather than as they come. Researchers at Duke University and Georgetown University found that study participants who received notifications set to arrive only three times a day reported better moods, higher ___22___, and greater feelings of control over their phones. In comparison with participants who received notifications as usual and another group of participants who received no notifications at all, study participants also ___23___ their phones less often. In total, 237 smartphone owners living in India participated in the study. Participants downloaded an Android app developed by the researchers that regulated the ___24___ of phone notifications. Respondents also were asked to report in a daily diary ___25___ measures including: “concentration, distraction, stress, anxiety, mood, productivity, social connectedness, and work enjoyment -- as well as phone-specific ___26___: feeling of being interrupted by notifications, sense of missing out on notifications, sense of control over phone, social pressure to ___27___ others, phone overuse, and intentional phone checking.” Participants were informed that they could always ___28___ their notifications by opening individual apps. And the authors give their further explanation, “___29___, we only controlled the delivery of notifications (e.g., to the lock screen), rather than preventing messages from being accessed at all.” “Compared to those in the control condition (notifications as usual), participants whose notifications were set three-times-a-day felt more ___30___, productive, in a better mood, and in greater control of their phones,” the researchers write, noting that this group also reported lower stress levels. “In contrast, participants who did not receive notifications at all ___31___ few of those benefits, but experienced higher levels of anxiety and ‘___32___ of missing out’ (FoMO).” They’ve released the app, called Daywise, for personal use through Google Play. But Daywise has been only ___33___ on the Android platform so far. “Unlike the app Android, iOS (short for Internetwork Operating System) doesn’t allow ___34___ party developers to control notifications to a degree we’d like for setting to work in a nuanced (细微的) manner,” DayWise creator Ranjan Jagannathan told us. “Till we’re able to do this ___35___ enough, we will not be able to build a powerful version of Daywise for iOS. We are working for it.” 21. A. spots B. periods C. lengths D. intervals 22. A. standard B. productivity C. pay D. expectation 23. A. exchange B. replace C. unlock D. unfold 24. A. delivery B. transfer C. assignment D. flow 25. A. strict B. distinct C. various D. dramatic 26. A. information B. outcomes C. atmosphere D. motivations 27. A. approve of B. compete with C. make out D. respond to 28. A. operate B. access C. unload D. maintain 29. A. Above all B. In addition C. In other words D. On the other hand 30. A. attentive B. respectful C. distracted D. considerate 31. A. seized B. harvested C. offered D. weighed 32. A. sense B. delight C. intention D. fear 33. A. responsible B. reliable C. available D. reversible 34. A. leading B. related C. major D. third 35. A. flexibly B. rapidly C. formally D. automatically Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Chinese Teapot Escaping from British Museum Goes Viral Chinese state media has praised a viral video series telling the story of a jade teapot coming to life and fleeing the British Museum to make its way back home. The set of three short videos, entitled Escape from the British Museum, shows the teapot turning into a young woman in a green dress, who then engages a London-based Chinese journalist to help her reunite with her family. It appears to have struck a chord (弦) in China after first being released by independent vloggers on Douyin. By Monday evening, it had reportedly received more than 310 million views. The plot line taps into growing Chinese criticism of the British Museum after reports last month that more than 1,500 priceless objects, including gold jewelry, semi-precious stones and glass, were missing, stolen or damaged. In August the state media Global Times called for the return of Chinese artifacts from the museum “free of charge” in the wake of the controversy. “The huge holes in the management and security of cultural objects in the British Museum exposed by this scandal (丑闻) have led to the collapse of a long-standing and widely circulated claim that ‘foreign cultural objects are better protected in the British Museum’,” it said. It strongly supported the video series for touching on a “powerful message” about the importance of cultural heritage and reflecting “Chinese people’s desiring for the repatriation of the Chinese cultural relics.” State broadcaster CCTV also gave the short films a glowing review saying: “We are very pleased to see Chinese young people are passionate about history and tradition... We are also looking forward to the early return of Chinese artifacts that have been displayed overseas.” The museum scandal made headlines around the world and reawakened earlier demands by the Chinese media to restore the country’s relics. The new three-part show has triggered a wave of nationalism among viewers, with many praising the creative plot that reduced them to tears by showing how the teapot experienced the happiness of returning to China to see pandas and watch a flag-raising ceremony on Tiananmen Square. 36. What excuse does Britain give for keeping other nations’ cultural objects in its museum? A. It has taken possession of these objects by all lawful means. B. These objects are safer and taken better care of in its museum. C. It is requested by other nations to protect their cultural objects. D. These objects may come to life, flee their countries and go viral. 37. What does the underlined word “repatriation”(Para.3) probably mean? A. Repair. B. Reflection. C. Reserve. D. Return. 38. Which of the following can we infer from the passage? A. China had already demanded the restoration of its cultural relics before the scandal. B. The museum’s awful management and security systems are involved in the scandal. C. The Britain Museum is under pressure to return the cultural relics to China sooner or later. D. A London-based Chinese journalist has contributed a lot to the viral three-part video series. 39. What’s the purpose of the passage? A. To appeal to Britain to return China’s cultural objects. B. To introduce a viral video series about a fleeing jade teapot. C. To arouse readers’ concern about Chinese cultural objects abroad. D. To praise Chinese young people’s passion for history and tradition. (B) With the fragrance industry expected to be worth an enormous $92 billion by 2024, there is big money to be made from scents. As the fashion and marketing industry moves away from targeting men and women and onto a more inclusive, non-gendered approach, fragrance companies are doing the exact same-creating products that can be worn happily by all genders. The smells we’re drawn to are inherently universal, across all genders and including all noses. With this in mind, we tested our noses against three of the brands that have made a play for gender neutrality. Eccentric Molecules The unique selling point of Eccentric Molecules is that it's designed to smell completely different on every wearer, reacting with our natural scents to create a unique blend. With potential for sharing with a loved one, their packaging is a practical if a little unromantic, simple bottle. Still, upon opening their best seller "Molecule 01", the journey begins. Upon first spray, the overwhelming scent is of alcohol, but it soon settles into a barely-there smell that recalls soft leather and feels surprisingly soothing on skin. Top Scent: Molecule 01, ￡72 for 100ml Clean Reserve Clean Reserve smells like it sounds-bright, fresh scents that would appeal to those who prefer light smell. It is also perfect for keeping in your gym or day bag to freshen up yourself. Packaging feels weighty and luxurious — without compromising sustainability — the bottle is made from sustainability -managed forest : wood and even the alcohol is derived from corn. Top Scent: Rain, £82 for100ml Laboratory Perfumes Packaged in chemistry-class bottles, this brand's latest collection is strongly inspired by Britain and its natural abundance of herbs and flowers. What results are grown-up, powerful scents. Our clear favourites from the collection couldn't be more different —“Samphire” is a refreshing coastal scent mixed with rose, while “Atlas” is a strong blend of wine and tobacco, an easy signature scent for day and night with minimal reapplication needed. Top Scent: Atlas, £65 for 100ml 40. The purpose of paragraph 1 is ______. A. to analyze how smells influence us B. to sell the idea of non-gendered fragrance C. to inform the readers of a latest fashion trend D. to justify the development of fragrance industry 41. The common feature of Eccentric Molecules and Clean Reserve is ______. A. practical and simple packaging B. sustainable packaging made from wood C. a soft and light scent D. smelling totally different on every user 42. For a customer who prefer strong mature smells that lasts a whole day, which product should he choose? A. Molecule 01. B. Rain. C. Samphire. D. Atlas. (C) The Ebro Delta, in Spain, famous as a battleground during the Spanish Civil War, is now the setting for a different contest, one that is pitting rice farmers against two enemies: the rice-eating giant apple snail, and rising sea levels. What happens here will have a bearing on the future of European rice production and the overall health of southern European wetlands. Located on the Mediterranean just two hours south of Barcelona, the Ebro Delta produces 120 million kilograms of rice a year, making it one of the continent's most important rice-growing areas. As the sea creeps into these fresh-water marshes, however, rising salinity (盐分) is holding up rice production. At the same time, this sea-water also kills off the greedy giant apple snail, an introduced pest that feeds on young rice plants. The most promising strategy has become to use one foe against the other. The battle is currently being waged on land, in greenhouses at the University of Barcelona. Scientists working under the banner “Project Neurice” are seeking varieties of rice that can withstand the increasing salinity without losing the absorbency that makes European rice ideal for traditional Spanish and Italian dishes. “The project has two sides,” says Xavier Serrat, Neurice project manager and researcher at the University of Barcelona, “the short-term fight against the snail, and a mid- to long-term fight against climate change. But the snail has given the project greater urgency.” Originally from South America, the snails were accidentally introduced into the Ebro Delta by Global Aquatic Technologies, a company that raised the snails for fresh-water aquariums, but failed to prevent their escape. For now, the giant apple snail’s presence in Europe is limited to the Ebro Delta. But the snail continues its march to new territory, says Serrat. “The question is not whether it will reach other rice-growing areas of Europe, but when.” Over the next year and a half, investigators will test the various strains of salt-tolerant rice they’ve bred. In 2018, farmers will plant the varieties with the most promise in the Ebro Delta and Europe's other two main rice-growing regions — along the Po in Italy, and France's Rhone. A season in the field will help determine which, if any, of the varieties are ready for commercialization. As an EU-funded effort, the search for salt-tolerant varieties of rice is taking place in all three countries. Each team is crossbreeding a local European short-grain rice with a long-grain Asian variety that carries the salt-resistant gene. The scientists are breeding successive generations to arrive at varieties that incorporate salt tolerance but keep about 97 percent of the European rice genome (基因组). 43. What may be the most effective strategy for rice farmers to employ in fighting their enemies? A. Striking the weaker enemy first. B. Eliminating the enemy one by one. C. Killing two birds with one stone. D. Using one evil to combat the other. 44. What do we learn about “Project Neurice”? A. Its goals will have to be realized at a cost. B. It aims to increase the yield of Spanish rice. C. Its immediate priority is to bring the pest under control. D. It tries to kill the snails with the help of climate change. 45. What does Neurice project manager say about the giant apple snail? A. It can survive only on southern European wetlands. B. It will invade other rice-growing regions of Europe. C. It multiplies at a speed beyond human imagination. D. It was introduced into the rice fields on purpose. 46. What is the ultimate goal of the EU-funded program? A. Cultivating ideal salt-resistant rice varieties. B. Increasing the absorbency of the Spanish rice. C. Introducing Spanish rice to the rest of Europe. D. Popularizing the rice crossbreeding technology. Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Nobel economics prize goes to professor for research on the workplace gender gap The Nobel economics prize was awarded Monday to Harvard University professor Claudia Goldin for research that has advanced the understanding of the gender gap in the labor market. ___47___ Goldin is just the third woman to win the prize out of 93 economics laureates. Claudia Goldin has studied 200 years of women’s participation in the workplace, showing that despite continued economic growth, women’s pay did not continuously catch up to men’s and a divide still exists despite women gaining higher levels of education than men. “___48___ But when I look at the numbers, I think something has happened in America, that we, in the 1990s, our labor force participation rate for women was the highest in the world, and now it isn’t the highest in the world,” Goldin told The Associated Press. “We have to step back and ask questions about piecing together the family, the home, together with the marketplace and employment,” she said. Goldin’s research does not offer solutions, but it allows policymakers to tackle the entrenched problem, said economist Randi Hjalmarsson, a member of the Nobel committee. “___49___ And therefore, there is no single policy,” Hjalmarsson said. “It’s a complicated policy question because if you don’t know the underlying reason, a certain policy won’t work.” However, “by finally understanding the problem and calling it by the right name, we will be able to pave a better route forward,” Hjalmarsson said. Goldin said that what happens in people’s homes reflects what happens in the workplace, with women often taking jobs that allow them to be on call at home work that often pays less. “Ways in which we can even things out or to create more couple equity also leads to more gender equality,” she said. Goldin had to become a data “detective” as she sought to fill in missing data for her research. ___50___ “So how did Claudia Goldin overcome this missing data challenge? She had to be a detective to dig through the archives to find novel data sources and creative ways to use them to measure these unknowns,” Hjalmarsson added. A. She explains the source of the gap, and how it’s changed over time and how it varies with the stage of development. B. The Nobel committee credits Goldin with finding missing data to better explain continuing differences between both the pay and work involvement, or participation, of men and women. C. I’ve always been an optimist. D. I looked at women whose jobs went uncounted, such as those who worked on farms alongside their husbands or made clothing at home. E. The announcement went a tiny step to closing the Nobel committee’s own gender gap. F. For parts of history, systematic labor market records did not exist, and, if they did, information about women was missing. III. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Want to be a Smart Gift Giver? During all kinds of holidays, millions of people will buy gifts for loved ones, which is great except that tons of those people will make the same glaring mistake, and buy the wrong gifts. What’s going on? Gift buying has become a deceivingly selfish pursuit. We don’t actually look for things people want to receive. Instead, we tend to look for things that we want to give. It’s a subtle, but pretty significant problem. Research has shown that givers tend to value the gifts they buy considerably more than receivers. Gifts are valued roughly 10 to 33 percent less by receivers than what givers paid for them. Joel Waldfogel noted this in Scroogenomics: Why You Shouldn’t Buy Presents for the Holidays, his 2009 book on gift-giving. The difference seems to come from a simple misplaced belief that thoughtful presents are the best presents. They are not. In fact, they might just be the worst presents. The more thought you put into a present, the more likely you are to stray from buying what the person you are buying the presents for actually wants. In other words, people let their gift-giving egos (自我) get in the way of great presents, especially when the receiver is someone they want to show they know really well. Fortunately, the answer to our collective insistence on guessing what people want is simple: stop it. If that’s too impersonal, there’s another helpful rule of thumb (经验之谈). Instead of buying restrictive gifts, like gift cards for specific stores, buy gifts that allow for flexibility, like gift cards that can be used more broadly (or, better yet, cash). People tend to prefer gift cards to actual gifts, and cash to both, Steffel explained. Steffel’s latest research, which focuses on gift card giving, points to exactly this point -- that versatility (用途广泛) is the key to better gift giving. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 雷军成功将小米科技打造成全球知名的智能设备品牌。(transform) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 53. 春运期间，在这场大规模乘客流动的背后，是坚守岗位的敬业的维修工人。（Behind）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 54. 自去年11月中国对韩国游客实行免签证政策以来，越来越多的韩国人利用这一政策来上海度周末。（advantage）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 55. 在名为“秧歌机器人”的表演中，机器人用灵活的机械臂在空中旋转手绢，营造出一种令人目眩的视觉效果，将表演推向高潮。(spin, which) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ V. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你校学生会正开展主题为“The first job I want to take”的英语征文比赛，请你撰文参加（文中请不要出现真实的校名和人名）。你的征文内容需包括： 1.离开校园、步入社会后，你想从事的第一份职业是什么； 2.你想从事这份职业的原因（可从个人特点、职业价值等方面进行阐述）。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 格致中学二〇二四学年度第二学期第一次测验 高三年级英语试卷 (测试105分钟内完成，总分115分，试后交答题卷) I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the following passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. While this year’s Spring Festival box office broke records and was the source of a major boost in consumer spending nationwide, authorities also made gains in their campaign ___1___ film piracy (盗版行为). ___2___ the latest campaign was launched in January, more than 40 people have been detained (拘留) on suspicion of unauthorized filming, pirating recordings and illegal distribution of this year’s Spring Festival blockbusters, according to official data released Sunday. The campaign ___3___ (run) by the National Copyright Administration, the China Film Administration, the Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Culture and Tourism at the moment. It aims to crack down on piracy in the film industry and raise public awareness of copyright protection. By Feb 20, authorities had removed nearly 2.3 million web links ___4___ infringed on (侵犯) the copyrights of recent box office hits. They also banned or restricted 4,116 online accounts for repeatedly violating copyright laws, officials said. In Jinhua, Zhejiang province, police detained 11 people ___5___ (suspect) of setting up websites and apps to distribute pirated copies of blockbusters such as Ne Zha 2 and Creation of the Gods II: Demon Force for profit. The suspects earned more than 14 million yuan ($1.9 million) combined. With the animated film Ne Zha 2 now ranked seventh on the all-time global box office chart, authorities have also targeted unauthorized commercial use of ___6___characters. “Movies are the result of the hard work of creators. Piracy and illegal broadcasting are like cancer in the film industry, severely ___7___(restrain) its healthy development,” said Lai Chunlei, a lawyer at Beijing Huazi Law Firm. China’s Criminal Law states that individuals who pirate films for profit will be sentenced to up to three years in prison and fined. If the illegal earnings are substantial or the offense is considered severe, the maximum sentence ___8___ (impose) can be seven years. “___9___ it is unauthorized recording or selling pirated copies, both acts violate film copyrights,” Lai said. “Violators of both crimes ___10___ be strictly punished to maintain order in the film market.” 【答案】1. against 2. Since 3. is being run 4. that##which 5. suspected 6. the 7. restraining 8. imposed 9. Whether 10. should##must##shall 【解析】 【导语】文章围绕春节档电影反盗版专项整治行动展开，介绍了行动的发起主体、阶段性成果、典型查处案例、整治延伸方向以及相关法律惩处规定与业内人士的观点。 【1题详解】 考查介词。句意：今年春节档票房刷新纪录、强力提振全国消费的同时，监管部门打击电影盗版的专项行动也取得了成效。根据“film piracy”可知，此空是介词against，构成campaign against...的固定搭配，表示“针对……的抵制/打击行动”。 【2题详解】 考查连词。句意：自从最新专项行动于1月启动以来，已有超40人因涉嫌非法摄录、盗版录制、非法传播春节档大片被拘留。根据“have been detained”以及句意可知，此空是连词Since，引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……以来”。 【3题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：该专项行动目前由国家版权局、电影局、公安部、文化和旅游部联合开展。根据时间状语“at the moment”以及单数主语campaign与run的动宾关系可知，此空是现在进行时的被动语态is being run。 【4题详解】 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：截至2月20日，监管方已下架近230万条侵犯热门票房影片版权的网络链接。此空引导定语从句，修饰先行词web links(指物)，此空作从句主语，用that或which。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：浙江金华警方拘留了11名涉嫌搭建网站和APP牟利传播《哪吒 2》《封神第二部：战火西岐》等大片盗版资源的人员。句中已有谓语detained，此空应是非谓语。people与suspect是动宾关系，此空是过去分词suspected，作后置定语，表示“被怀疑的”。 【6题详解】 考查冠词。句意：随着动画电影《哪吒 2》位列全球影史票房第七，监管部门也瞄准了对该影片角色的未经授权商业使用。此处特指《哪吒 2》的角色，用定冠词the。 【7题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：盗版和非法传播就像电影行业的癌症，严重阻碍行业健康发展。逗号前句子完整，Piracy and illegal broadcasting与restrain是主谓关系，此空是现在分词restraining，作状语。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如果非法获利数额巨大或情节严重，最高可判处七年有期徒刑。句中已有谓语can be，此空应是非谓语。sentence与impose是动宾关系，此处是imposed，作后置定语。 【9题详解】 考查连词。句意：无论是未经授权摄录还是售卖盗版拷贝，两种行为都侵犯电影版权。根据“or”可知，此处是whether...or...的句式，表示“无论是……还是……”。 【10题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：两类违法行为都必须受到严厉惩处，以维护电影市场秩序。根据“be strictly punished”以及句意可知，此空用情态动词shall/must/should均可，shall用于正式法律语境表强制要求，must语气强硬表必须，should表应当。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. export B. universal C. placed D. steady E. postpone F. inferior G. risk H. sophisticated I. alertness J. tagged K. immortality Why matcha, made from green tea, is the drink of the moment? It was a freezing winter’s day in London as customers jostled (拥挤) in a tiny station of Blank Street, a coffee-shop chain. You might have expected them to pick up a warming cappuccino. Instead, many ___11___ orders for iced matcha lattes, which arrived in shades of green, cream (white-chocolate flavour) or purple (blueberry). Such is the craze for matcha that fans are willing to ___12___ frostbite to get their hands on one. Blank Street claims that it sells some form of the green-tea-based drink “every four seconds” from its 80-odd shops in Britain and America. In Japan, the world’s leading producer of matcha, the ___13___ value of tea in 2023 rose by 33% from the previous year. The global market for matcha-based products is worth around $4.24 billion and will grow around 53% by 2029, predicts the Business Research Company, a consultancy. Matcha is also big on social media: videos ___14___ Matcha on TikTok have more than 15bn views. Fans share recipes and teach their followers how to tell a high-quality matcha powder from a(n) ___15___ one. Asia is responsible for more than 40% of matcha consumption: as well as going into bottled, pre-mixed drinks, the powder is used in ice cream, biscuits and mochi (rice cakes). Matcha is made from ground leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant. Interestingly, the ___16___ tea culture flourished in China during the Tang Dynasty. Myoan Eisai, a Japanese monk, came across it while travelling there in the 12th century; he brought seeds back to Japan and wrote a book advocating green tea’s benefits, describing it as “the elixir (灵丹妙药) of ___17___”. Matcha later spread through Japanese polite society with the rise of chanoyu, or the tea ceremony. What explains the drink’s newfound popularity outside Asia? Matcha experts tout it as a healthier alternative to coffee. Some studies suggest that green tea’s antioxidants (抗氧化物) can help ___18___ cardiovascular disease, improve gut health and speed up metabolism. It also gives a ___19___ boost of energy, compared with the surge and crash of a cup of coffee. A coffee contains around 100-200 milligram of caffeine; a matcha contains around 70 milligram, as well as L-theanine, an amino acid, which together improve concentration and ___20___. 【答案】11. C 12. G 13. A 14. J 15. F 16. B 17. K 18. E 19. D 20. I 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍抹茶风靡全球的现状、发展历史以及其相较于咖啡的健康优势。 【11题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：相反，许多顾客点了冰抹茶拿铁。固定搭配place orders意为“下单、点餐”，全文为过去时态，谓语用placed。 【12题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：抹茶热潮十分火爆，爱好者甘愿冒着冻伤的风险也要买到一杯。be willing to do sth.“愿意做某事”，本空用risk“冒险”的原形。 【13题详解】 考查名词。句意：在抹茶主产国日本，2023年茶叶出口额较上一年上涨33%。根据“value of tea in 2023 rose by 33%”可知，此处指茶叶出口价值，export“出口”，符合贸易语境。 【14题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：抹茶在社交媒体上也很受欢迎：抖音上带有抹茶标签的视频播放量超150亿次。videos和tag是被动关系，用过去分词tagged作后置定语。 【15题详解】 考查形容词。句意：爱好者们分享制作配方，还教粉丝们如何区分优质抹茶粉和劣质抹茶粉。空前high-quality表示高品质的，前后形成对比，本空用形容词inferior“劣质的”，作定语。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：有趣的是，普遍的茶文化在中国唐朝时期蓬勃发展。根据“flourished in China during the Tang Dynasty”可知，茶文化在中国唐朝变得普遍，universal意为“普遍的、广泛普及的”，修饰茶文化。故填universal。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：他将绿茶称作长生不老的灵丹妙药。根据“the elixir (灵丹妙药) of”可知，immortality意为“永生，不朽”，契合灵丹妙药的寓意。 【18题详解】 考查动词原形。句意：研究表明绿茶抗氧化剂有助于延缓心血管疾病。help后可接省略to的不定式，且根据cardiovascular disease可知，用postpone“延缓，推迟”，符合健康语境。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：与一杯咖啡带来的能量激增和骤降相比，抹茶还能提供稳定的能量提升。根据“boost of energy, compared with the surge and crash of a cup of coffee”可知，用形容词steady“平稳的”，和后文骤升骤降形成对比。 【20题详解】 考查名词。句意：一杯咖啡含有大约100至200毫克的咖啡因；一杯抹茶含有大约70毫克咖啡因，同时还含有L-茶氨酸（一种氨基酸），这两者共同作用，可以提高注意力和警觉性。根据空前的concentration and可知，本空用alertness，意为“警觉性”，与concentration并列。 II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. If you’re chained to your phone and unhappy about it, you might consider receiving smartphone notifications (通知) at set ___21___ throughout the day rather than as they come. Researchers at Duke University and Georgetown University found that study participants who received notifications set to arrive only three times a day reported better moods, higher ___22___, and greater feelings of control over their phones. In comparison with participants who received notifications as usual and another group of participants who received no notifications at all, study participants also ___23___ their phones less often. In total, 237 smartphone owners living in India participated in the study. Participants downloaded an Android app developed by the researchers that regulated the ___24___ of phone notifications. Respondents also were asked to report in a daily diary ___25___ measures including: “concentration, distraction, stress, anxiety, mood, productivity, social connectedness, and work enjoyment -- as well as phone-specific ___26___: feeling of being interrupted by notifications, sense of missing out on notifications, sense of control over phone, social pressure to ___27___ others, phone overuse, and intentional phone checking.” Participants were informed that they could always ___28___ their notifications by opening individual apps. And the authors give their further explanation, “___29___, we only controlled the delivery of notifications (e.g., to the lock screen), rather than preventing messages from being accessed at all.” “Compared to those in the control condition (notifications as usual), participants whose notifications were set three-times-a-day felt more ___30___, productive, in a better mood, and in greater control of their phones,” the researchers write, noting that this group also reported lower stress levels. “In contrast, participants who did not receive notifications at all ___31___ few of those benefits, but experienced higher levels of anxiety and ‘___32___ of missing out’ (FoMO).” They’ve released the app, called Daywise, for personal use through Google Play. But Daywise has been only ___33___ on the Android platform so far. “Unlike the app Android, iOS (short for Internetwork Operating System) doesn’t allow ___34___ party developers to control notifications to a degree we’d like for setting to work in a nuanced (细微的) manner,” DayWise creator Ranjan Jagannathan told us. “Till we’re able to do this ___35___ enough, we will not be able to build a powerful version of Daywise for iOS. We are working for it.” 21. A. spots B. periods C. lengths D. intervals 22. A. standard B. productivity C. pay D. expectation 23. A. exchange B. replace C. unlock D. unfold 24. A. delivery B. transfer C. assignment D. flow 25. A. strict B. distinct C. various D. dramatic 26. A. information B. outcomes C. atmosphere D. motivations 27. A. approve of B. compete with C. make out D. respond to 28. A. operate B. access C. unload D. maintain 29. A. Above all B. In addition C. In other words D. On the other hand 30. A. attentive B. respectful C. distracted D. considerate 31. A. seized B. harvested C. offered D. weighed 32. A. sense B. delight C. intention D. fear 33. A. responsible B. reliable C. available D. reversible 34. A. leading B. related C. major D. third 35. A. flexibly B. rapidly C. formally D. automatically 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了杜克大学和乔治城大学的研究人员发现，那些每天只收到三次通知的研究参与者表示，他们的情绪更好，工作效率更高，对手机的控制感也更强。文章还介绍了这项研究开展的过程，以及一款名为Daywise的应用程序，可以设置手机每天的通知次数。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你被手机拴住了，而且不开心，你可以考虑在一天中设置接收智能手机的通知的间隔时间段，而不是一有消息就通知。A. spots地点；B. periods周期；C. lengths长度；D. intervals间隔。根据后文“ study participants who received notifications set to arrive only three times a day reported better moods”可知是建议设置接收手机通知的间隔时间段，故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：杜克大学和乔治城大学的研究人员发现，那些每天只收到三次通知的研究参与者表示，他们的情绪更好，工作效率更高，对手机的控制感也更强。A. standard标准；B. productivity生产率；C. pay支付；D. expectation期待。根据前后文语境“better moods, higher …, and greater feelings of control over their phones”可知，此处是在列举每天只接受三次通知的好处，包括情绪更好，工作效率更高，对手机的控制感也更强。后文“productive”也是提示。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与那些照常收到通知的参与者和另一组完全没有收到通知的参与者相比，研究参与者解锁手机的频率也更低。A. exchange交换；B. replace取代；C. unlock解锁，开启；D. unfold打开。根据后文“their phones less often”可知因为设置了每天只接受三次通知，所以参与者解锁手机的频率也更低。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：参与者下载了研究人员开发的一款监管手机通知发送的安卓应用程序。A. delivery发送，交付；B. transfer转让；C. assignment任务；D. flow流动。根据后文“of phone notifications”可知是一款监管手机通知发送的安卓应用程序。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：参与者还被要求在每日日记中报告各种衡量标准，包括：注意力、分心、压力、焦虑、情绪、生产力、社会联系和工作乐趣——以及手机特有的后果：被通知打断的感觉、错过通知的感觉、对手机的控制感、回应他人的社会压力、手机过度使用和故意查看手机。A. strict严格的；B. distinct明显的；C. various多样的；D. dramatic戏剧的。根据后文“concentration, distraction, stress, anxiety, mood, productivity, social connectedness, and work enjoyment”可知衡量标准很多样。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：参与者还被要求在每日日记中报告各种衡量标准，包括：注意力、分心、压力、焦虑、情绪、生产力、社会联系和工作乐趣——以及手机特有的后果：被通知打断的感觉、错过通知的感觉、对手机的控制感、回应他人的社会压力、手机过度使用和故意查看手机。A. information信息；B. outcomes后果，产出；C. atmosphere气氛；D. motivations动机。结合后文“feeling of being interrupted by notifications, sense of missing out on notifications”可知是指手机对人产生的后果，故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：参与者还被要求在每日日记中报告各种衡量标准，包括：注意力、分心、压力、焦虑、情绪、生产力、社会联系和工作乐趣——以及手机特有的后果：被通知打断的感觉、错过通知的感觉、对手机的控制感、回应他人的社会压力、手机过度使用和故意查看手机。A. approve of赞成；B. compete with与……竞争；C. make out理解；D. respond to回答。根据前后文“social pressure to…others”结合常识，可知收到消息，意味着就要回复别人，所以是回应他人的社会压力。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：参与者被告知，他们可以随时打开各自的应用程序访问通知。A. operate操作；B. access访问，接近；C. unload卸货；D. maintain维持。根据后文“their notifications by opening individual apps”可知参与者可以随时打开各自的应用程序访问通知。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：作者给出了他们的进一步解释，“换句话说，我们只控制了通知的传递，比如锁屏，而根本没有阻止消息被访问。”A. Above all首先；B. In addition此外；C. In other words换句话说；D. On the other hand另一方面。结合上文“And the authors give their further explanation”可知进一步解释，也就是“换句话说”。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究人员写道：“与对照组(像往常一样通知)相比，每天通知三次的参与者感觉更专心、工作效率更高、心情更好，对手机的控制也更强。”研究人员还指出，这一组的压力水平也更低。A. attentive专心的；B. respectful恭敬的；C. distracted心烦意乱的；D. considerate体贴的。根据后文“productive”可知工作效率更高，说明每天通知三次的参与者更加专心。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“相比之下，完全没有收到通知的参与者这些好处收获很少，但经历了更高程度的焦虑和‘害怕错过’(FoMO)。”A. seized抓住；B. harvested收获；C. offered提议；D. weighed衡量。根据后文“few of those benefits”可知是指收获好处。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“相比之下，完全没有收到通知的参与者这些好处收获很少，但经历了更高程度的焦虑和‘害怕错过’(FoMO)。”A. sense感觉；B. delight高兴；C. intention意图；D. fear恐惧。结合上文“higher levels of anxiety and”以及后文“of missing out”可知没有收到通知的参与者高度焦虑且害怕错过消息。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但目前Daywise只支持Android系统。A. responsible负责的；B. reliable可靠的；C. available可获得的；D. reversible可逆的。根据后文“on the Android platform so far”可知这种应用目前只能在Android系统上获得。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：DayWise的开发者Ranjan Jagannathan表示:“与Android应用不同，iOS不允许第三方开发者细微控制通知。A. leading领导的；B. related有关系的；C. major主要的；D. third第三的。结合后文“developers to control notifications”以及常识，可知iOS系统通常不允许第三方开发者来控制手机通知。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：除非我们能够足够灵活地做到这一点，否则我们将无法为iOS开发一个强大的Daywise版本。A. flexibly灵活地；B. rapidly迅速地；C. formally正式地；D. automatically自动地。结合后文“we will not be able to build a powerful version of Daywise for iOS.”可知，开发者除非能够灵活地做到控制iOS系统的通知，否则无法为iOS开发一个强大的Daywise版本。故选A。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Chinese Teapot Escaping from British Museum Goes Viral Chinese state media has praised a viral video series telling the story of a jade teapot coming to life and fleeing the British Museum to make its way back home. The set of three short videos, entitled Escape from the British Museum, shows the teapot turning into a young woman in a green dress, who then engages a London-based Chinese journalist to help her reunite with her family. It appears to have struck a chord (弦) in China after first being released by independent vloggers on Douyin. By Monday evening, it had reportedly received more than 310 million views. The plot line taps into growing Chinese criticism of the British Museum after reports last month that more than 1,500 priceless objects, including gold jewelry, semi-precious stones and glass, were missing, stolen or damaged. In August the state media Global Times called for the return of Chinese artifacts from the museum “free of charge” in the wake of the controversy. “The huge holes in the management and security of cultural objects in the British Museum exposed by this scandal (丑闻) have led to the collapse of a long-standing and widely circulated claim that ‘foreign cultural objects are better protected in the British Museum’,” it said. It strongly supported the video series for touching on a “powerful message” about the importance of cultural heritage and reflecting “Chinese people’s desiring for the repatriation of the Chinese cultural relics.” State broadcaster CCTV also gave the short films a glowing review saying: “We are very pleased to see Chinese young people are passionate about history and tradition... We are also looking forward to the early return of Chinese artifacts that have been displayed overseas.” The museum scandal made headlines around the world and reawakened earlier demands by the Chinese media to restore the country’s relics. The new three-part show has triggered a wave of nationalism among viewers, with many praising the creative plot that reduced them to tears by showing how the teapot experienced the happiness of returning to China to see pandas and watch a flag-raising ceremony on Tiananmen Square. 36. What excuse does Britain give for keeping other nations’ cultural objects in its museum? A. It has taken possession of these objects by all lawful means. B. These objects are safer and taken better care of in its museum. C. It is requested by other nations to protect their cultural objects. D. These objects may come to life, flee their countries and go viral. 37. What does the underlined word “repatriation”(Para.3) probably mean? A. Repair. B. Reflection. C. Reserve. D. Return. 38. Which of the following can we infer from the passage? A. China had already demanded the restoration of its cultural relics before the scandal. B. The museum’s awful management and security systems are involved in the scandal. C. The Britain Museum is under pressure to return the cultural relics to China sooner or later. D. A London-based Chinese journalist has contributed a lot to the viral three-part video series. 39. What’s the purpose of the passage? A. To appeal to Britain to return China’s cultural objects. B. To introduce a viral video series about a fleeing jade teapot. C. To arouse readers’ concern about Chinese cultural objects abroad. D. To praise Chinese young people’s passion for history and tradition. 【答案】36. B 37. D 38. A 39. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了关于一只逃跑的玉壶的短视频在网络迅速走红，并引起中国官方媒体《环球时报》和中央电视台的报道和评价。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段““The huge holes in the management and security of cultural objects in the British Museum exposed by this scandal(丑闻) have led to the collapse of a long-standing and widely circulated claim that ‘foreign cultural objects are better protected in the British Museum’,” it said.(“这次丑闻暴露出大英博物馆在文物管理和安全方面的巨大漏洞，导致了长期以来广泛流传的‘外国文物在大英博物馆得到更好的保护’的说法的崩溃，”它说)”可推知，英国把其他国家的文物存放在自己的博物馆里的理由是：它声称这些文物在它的博物馆里更安全，能得到了更好的照顾。故选B。 【37题详解】 词句猜测题。根据常识和划线词所在句“Chinese people’s yearning for the repatriation of the Chinese cultural relics.(中国人民渴望中国文物的repatriation。)”中“Chinese people’s yearning for”可推知，中国人民渴望着这些珍贵文物的“回归”。划线词repatriation与return同义。故选D。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The museum scandal made headlines around the world and reawakened earlier demands by the Chinese media to restore the country’s relics. (博物馆的丑闻成为世界各地的头条新闻，并重新唤起了中国媒体早些时候要求归还中国文物的呼声)”可知，这一次大英博物馆文物丢失和损坏的丑闻重新唤起中国媒体要求归还中国文物的呼声。由此推知，在此之前中国已经要求大英博物馆。故选A。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，结合文章标题“Chinese Teapot Escaping from British Museum Goes Viral (“从大英博物馆逃跑的中国茶壶”在社交媒体上走红)”和文中内容可知，本文主要介绍了关于一只逃跑的玉壶的短视频在网络迅速走红，并引起中国官方媒体《环球时报》和中央电视台的报道和评价。所以“介绍一个关于‘逃跑的玉壶’的视频系列”是文章的写作目的。故选B。 (B) With the fragrance industry expected to be worth an enormous $92 billion by 2024, there is big money to be made from scents. As the fashion and marketing industry moves away from targeting men and women and onto a more inclusive, non-gendered approach, fragrance companies are doing the exact same-creating products that can be worn happily by all genders. The smells we’re drawn to are inherently universal, across all genders and including all noses. With this in mind, we tested our noses against three of the brands that have made a play for gender neutrality. Eccentric Molecules The unique selling point of Eccentric Molecules is that it's designed to smell completely different on every wearer, reacting with our natural scents to create a unique blend. With potential for sharing with a loved one, their packaging is a practical if a little unromantic, simple bottle. Still, upon opening their best seller "Molecule 01", the journey begins. Upon first spray, the overwhelming scent is of alcohol, but it soon settles into a barely-there smell that recalls soft leather and feels surprisingly soothing on skin. Top Scent: Molecule 01, ￡72 for 100ml Clean Reserve Clean Reserve smells like it sounds-bright, fresh scents that would appeal to those who prefer light smell. It is also perfect for keeping in your gym or day bag to freshen up yourself. Packaging feels weighty and luxurious — without compromising sustainability — the bottle is made from sustainability -managed forest : wood and even the alcohol is derived from corn. Top Scent: Rain, £82 for100ml Laboratory Perfumes Packaged in chemistry-class bottles, this brand's latest collection is strongly inspired by Britain and its natural abundance of herbs and flowers. What results are grown-up, powerful scents. Our clear favourites from the collection couldn't be more different —“Samphire” is a refreshing coastal scent mixed with rose, while “Atlas” is a strong blend of wine and tobacco, an easy signature scent for day and night with minimal reapplication needed. Top Scent: Atlas, £65 for 100ml 40. The purpose of paragraph 1 is ______. A. to analyze how smells influence us B. to sell the idea of non-gendered fragrance C. to inform the readers of a latest fashion trend D. to justify the development of fragrance industry 41. The common feature of Eccentric Molecules and Clean Reserve is ______. A. practical and simple packaging B. sustainable packaging made from wood C. a soft and light scent D. smelling totally different on every user 42. For a customer who prefer strong mature smells that lasts a whole day, which product should he choose? A. Molecule 01. B. Rain. C. Samphire. D. Atlas. 【答案】40. B 41. C 42. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同香水的特点。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“As the fashion and marketing industry moves away from targeting men and women and onto a more inclusive, non-gendered approach, fragrance companies are doing the exact same-creating products that can be worn happily by all genders.(随着时尚和营销行业从瞄准男性和女性转向一种更具包容性、非性别化的方式，香水公司正在做完全相同的创造性产品，所有性别都可以快乐地使用)”可知，本段的主要目的就是推销非性别化香水理念。故选择B项。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。第一个方框内“Upon first spray, the overwhelming scent is of alcohol, but it soon settles into a barely-there smell that recalls soft leather and feels surprisingly soothing on skin.(第一次喷洒时，压倒性的气味是酒精，但它很快就变成了一种几乎没有的气味，让人想起柔软的皮革，皮肤感觉异常光滑)”及第二个方框内“Clean Reserve smells like it sounds-bright, fresh scents that would appeal to those who prefer light smell.(Clean Reserve闻起来像明亮，新鲜的气味，会吸引那些喜欢淡气味的人)”可知，两种香水的共同点是，柔软和味道淡。故选择C项。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三个方框内“while “Atlas” is a strong blend of wine and tobacco, an easy signature scent for day and night with minimal reapplication needed.(而“Atlas”是一种强烈的混合了酒和烟草的特色鲜明的气味能持续一整天，很少需要再次使用)”可知，“Atlas”适合喜欢气味强烈且持久香水的人士。故选择D项。 (C) The Ebro Delta, in Spain, famous as a battleground during the Spanish Civil War, is now the setting for a different contest, one that is pitting rice farmers against two enemies: the rice-eating giant apple snail, and rising sea levels. What happens here will have a bearing on the future of European rice production and the overall health of southern European wetlands. Located on the Mediterranean just two hours south of Barcelona, the Ebro Delta produces 120 million kilograms of rice a year, making it one of the continent's most important rice-growing areas. As the sea creeps into these fresh-water marshes, however, rising salinity (盐分) is holding up rice production. At the same time, this sea-water also kills off the greedy giant apple snail, an introduced pest that feeds on young rice plants. The most promising strategy has become to use one foe against the other. The battle is currently being waged on land, in greenhouses at the University of Barcelona. Scientists working under the banner “Project Neurice” are seeking varieties of rice that can withstand the increasing salinity without losing the absorbency that makes European rice ideal for traditional Spanish and Italian dishes. “The project has two sides,” says Xavier Serrat, Neurice project manager and researcher at the University of Barcelona, “the short-term fight against the snail, and a mid- to long-term fight against climate change. But the snail has given the project greater urgency.” Originally from South America, the snails were accidentally introduced into the Ebro Delta by Global Aquatic Technologies, a company that raised the snails for fresh-water aquariums, but failed to prevent their escape. For now, the giant apple snail’s presence in Europe is limited to the Ebro Delta. But the snail continues its march to new territory, says Serrat. “The question is not whether it will reach other rice-growing areas of Europe, but when.” Over the next year and a half, investigators will test the various strains of salt-tolerant rice they’ve bred. In 2018, farmers will plant the varieties with the most promise in the Ebro Delta and Europe's other two main rice-growing regions — along the Po in Italy, and France's Rhone. A season in the field will help determine which, if any, of the varieties are ready for commercialization. As an EU-funded effort, the search for salt-tolerant varieties of rice is taking place in all three countries. Each team is crossbreeding a local European short-grain rice with a long-grain Asian variety that carries the salt-resistant gene. The scientists are breeding successive generations to arrive at varieties that incorporate salt tolerance but keep about 97 percent of the European rice genome (基因组). 43. What may be the most effective strategy for rice farmers to employ in fighting their enemies? A. Striking the weaker enemy first. B. Eliminating the enemy one by one. C. Killing two birds with one stone. D. Using one evil to combat the other. 44. What do we learn about “Project Neurice”? A. Its goals will have to be realized at a cost. B. It aims to increase the yield of Spanish rice. C. Its immediate priority is to bring the pest under control. D. It tries to kill the snails with the help of climate change. 45. What does Neurice project manager say about the giant apple snail? A. It can survive only on southern European wetlands. B. It will invade other rice-growing regions of Europe. C. It multiplies at a speed beyond human imagination. D. It was introduced into the rice fields on purpose. 46. What is the ultimate goal of the EU-funded program? A. Cultivating ideal salt-resistant rice varieties. B. Increasing the absorbency of the Spanish rice. C. Introducing Spanish rice to the rest of Europe. D. Popularizing the rice crossbreeding technology. 【答案】43. D 44. C 45. B 46. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了西班牙埃布罗三角洲的水稻种植面临福寿螺入侵和海平面上升的双重威胁，科学家通过培育耐盐水稻品种来应对。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“As the sea creeps into these fresh-water marshes, however, rising salinity (盐分) is holding up rice production. At the same time, this sea-water also kills off the greedy giant apple snail, an introduced pest that feeds on young rice plants. The most promising strategy has become to use one foe against the other.(然而，随着海水渗入这些淡水沼泽，盐分的升高正在抑制水稻产量。与此同时，海水也杀死了贪婪的巨型苹果螺——这是一种外来害虫，以幼嫩的水稻植株为食。最有前景的策略变成了利用一个敌人去对付另一个敌人。)”可知，最有效的策略是利用海水杀死福寿螺的同时培育耐盐水稻，即以敌制敌。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中““The project has two sides,” says Xavier Serrat, Neurice project manager and researcher at the University of Barcelona, “the short-term fight against the snail, and a mid- to long-term fight against climate change. But the snail has given the project greater urgency.”(项目负责人、巴塞罗那大学研究员哈维尔・塞拉特表示：“这项研究分为两部分，短期目标是治理福寿螺，中长期目标是应对气候变化。而虫害问题让整个项目变得更加紧迫。”)”可知，该项目当前的优先事项是控制害虫。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“But the snail continues its march to new territory, says Serrat. “The question is not whether it will reach other rice-growing areas of Europe, but when.”(但塞拉特说，这种蜗牛仍在向新领地进军。“问题不在于它是否会到达欧洲其他水稻种植区，而在于何时。”)”可知，福寿螺将会入侵欧洲其他水稻产区。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“As an EU-funded effort, the search for salt-tolerant varieties of rice is taking place in all three countries. Each team is crossbreeding a local European short-grain rice with a long-grain Asian variety that carries the salt-resistant gene. The scientists are breeding successive generations to arrive at varieties that incorporate salt tolerance but keep about 97 percent of the European rice genome (基因组).(这项研究由欧盟出资，三个国家同步开展耐盐水稻育种工作。各国团队将欧洲本土短粒米，与携带耐盐基因的亚洲长粒米进行杂交。科研人员不断繁育后代，最终培育出既具备耐盐特性，又保留约 97% 欧洲水稻原有基因组的新品种。)”可知，欧盟资助项目的最终目标是培育理想的耐盐水稻品种。 Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Nobel economics prize goes to professor for research on the workplace gender gap The Nobel economics prize was awarded Monday to Harvard University professor Claudia Goldin for research that has advanced the understanding of the gender gap in the labor market. ___47___ Goldin is just the third woman to win the prize out of 93 economics laureates. Claudia Goldin has studied 200 years of women’s participation in the workplace, showing that despite continued economic growth, women’s pay did not continuously catch up to men’s and a divide still exists despite women gaining higher levels of education than men. “___48___ But when I look at the numbers, I think something has happened in America, that we, in the 1990s, our labor force participation rate for women was the highest in the world, and now it isn’t the highest in the world,” Goldin told The Associated Press. “We have to step back and ask questions about piecing together the family, the home, together with the marketplace and employment,” she said. Goldin’s research does not offer solutions, but it allows policymakers to tackle the entrenched problem, said economist Randi Hjalmarsson, a member of the Nobel committee. “___49___ And therefore, there is no single policy,” Hjalmarsson said. “It’s a complicated policy question because if you don’t know the underlying reason, a certain policy won’t work.” However, “by finally understanding the problem and calling it by the right name, we will be able to pave a better route forward,” Hjalmarsson said. Goldin said that what happens in people’s homes reflects what happens in the workplace, with women often taking jobs that allow them to be on call at home work that often pays less. “Ways in which we can even things out or to create more couple equity also leads to more gender equality,” she said. Goldin had to become a data “detective” as she sought to fill in missing data for her research. ___50___ “So how did Claudia Goldin overcome this missing data challenge? She had to be a detective to dig through the archives to find novel data sources and creative ways to use them to measure these unknowns,” Hjalmarsson added. A. She explains the source of the gap, and how it’s changed over time and how it varies with the stage of development. B. The Nobel committee credits Goldin with finding missing data to better explain continuing differences between both the pay and work involvement, or participation, of men and women. C. I’ve always been an optimist. D. I looked at women whose jobs went uncounted, such as those who worked on farms alongside their husbands or made clothing at home. E. The announcement went a tiny step to closing the Nobel committee’s own gender gap. F. For parts of history, systematic labor market records did not exist, and, if they did, information about women was missing. 【答案】47. E 48. C 49. A 50. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了周一，诺贝尔经济学奖被授予哈佛大学教授克劳迪娅·戈尔丁(Claudia Goldin)，以表彰她在促进对劳动力市场性别差距的理解方面所做的研究。 【47题详解】 根据上文“The Nobel economics prize was awarded Monday to Harvard University professor Claudia Goldin for research that has advanced the understanding of the gender gap in the labor market.”（周一，诺贝尔经济学奖被授予哈佛大学教授克劳迪娅·戈尔丁(Claudia Goldin)，以表彰她在促进对劳动力市场性别差距的理解方面所做的研究。）可知，讲的是诺贝尔经济学奖的授予者克劳迪娅·戈尔丁，以表彰她所做出的贡献。结合选项E项“The announcement went a tiny step to closing the Nobel committee’s own gender gap.（这一宣布为缩小诺贝尔委员会自身的性别差距迈出了一小步。）”可知，承接上文内容，为上文内容的语意递进，该句中的The announcement指的就是上文中提到的表彰事情。故选E项。 【48题详解】 根据下文“But when I look at the numbers, I think something has happened in America, that we, in the 1990s, our labor force participation rate for women was the highest in the world, and now it isn’t the highest in the world”（但当我看到这些数字时，我认为美国发生了一些事情，我们，在20世纪90年代，我们的女性劳动力参与率是世界上最高的，现在它不是世界上最高的。）可知，由but引起转折，说明现在女性劳动力参与不是很理想的状况，由此可推知，空格处内容为相反的意思，为正面积极的看法。结合选项C项“I’ve always been an optimist.（我一直是个乐观主义者。）”符合此推断，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选C项。 【49题详解】 根据上文“Goldin’s research does not offer solutions, but it allows policymakers to tackle the entrenched problem, said economist Randi Hjalmarsson, a member of the Nobel committee.”（诺贝尔委员会成员、经济学家兰迪·哈马松(Randi Hjalmarsson)说，戈尔丁的研究并没有提供解决方案，但它使政策制定者能够解决这个根深蒂固的问题。）可知，讲的是戈尔丁的研究没有提供解决方案，但是作出了一些积极的影响。结合选项A项“She explains the source of the gap, and how it’s changed over time and how it varies with the stage of development.（她解释了差距的来源，以及它是如何随着时间的推移而变化的，以及它是如何随着发展阶段而变化的。）”可知，为具体说明做出影响的内容，上下文紧密连接，为上文的语意递进。故选A项。 【50题详解】 根据上文“Goldin had to become a data “detective” as she sought to fill in missing data for her research.”（戈尔丁不得不成为一名数据“侦探”，因为她试图为她的研究填补缺失的数据。）以及下文“So how did Claudia Goldin overcome this missing data challenge? ”（那么Claudia Goldin是如何克服数据缺失的挑战的呢？）可知，上下文都讲的是关于数据缺失的内容。结合选项F项“For parts of history, systematic labor market records did not exist, and, if they did, information about women was missing.（在历史上的某些时期，系统的劳动力市场记录并不存在，即使存在，关于女性的信息也缺失了。）”可知，和上下文内容意思一致，都是讲的关于数据缺失的内容，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 III. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Want to be a Smart Gift Giver? During all kinds of holidays, millions of people will buy gifts for loved ones, which is great except that tons of those people will make the same glaring mistake, and buy the wrong gifts. What’s going on? Gift buying has become a deceivingly selfish pursuit. We don’t actually look for things people want to receive. Instead, we tend to look for things that we want to give. It’s a subtle, but pretty significant problem. Research has shown that givers tend to value the gifts they buy considerably more than receivers. Gifts are valued roughly 10 to 33 percent less by receivers than what givers paid for them. Joel Waldfogel noted this in Scroogenomics: Why You Shouldn’t Buy Presents for the Holidays, his 2009 book on gift-giving. The difference seems to come from a simple misplaced belief that thoughtful presents are the best presents. They are not. In fact, they might just be the worst presents. The more thought you put into a present, the more likely you are to stray from buying what the person you are buying the presents for actually wants. In other words, people let their gift-giving egos (自我) get in the way of great presents, especially when the receiver is someone they want to show they know really well. Fortunately, the answer to our collective insistence on guessing what people want is simple: stop it. If that’s too impersonal, there’s another helpful rule of thumb (经验之谈). Instead of buying restrictive gifts, like gift cards for specific stores, buy gifts that allow for flexibility, like gift cards that can be used more broadly (or, better yet, cash). People tend to prefer gift cards to actual gifts, and cash to both, Steffel explained. Steffel’s latest research, which focuses on gift card giving, points to exactly this point -- that versatility (用途广泛) is the key to better gift giving. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Although many people buy gifts during holidays, some may choose the wrong gifts. They buy what they want to give instead of what recipients prefer. As research shows, recipients value / appreciate gifts far less than givers. Actually, thoughtful presents turn out the worst ones. Therefore, stopping buying gifts or picking flexible ones, preferably cash, may work. 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。虽然很多人在节日期间买礼物，但有些人可能选错了礼物。他们买的是他们想给的东西，而不是受赠者喜欢的东西。研究表明，受赠者对礼物的重视程度远远低于送礼者。实际上，体贴的礼物往往是最糟糕的。因此，停止购买礼物或选择灵活的礼物，最好是现金，可能会奏效。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①During holidays, many people will buy gifts for loved ones but they may buy the wrong gifts. ②We don’t actually look for things people want to receive but choose things that we want to give. ③Research has shown that givers tend to value the gifts they buy considerably more than receivers. ④Some believe that thoughtful presents are the best presents. In fact, they might just be the worst presents. ⑤Buying gifts that allow for flexibility is a good idea. People prefer cash to gift cards and actual gifts. 2.缜密构思 将第1、2、3、4三个要点进行整合。将5保留， 3.遣词造句 Although many people buy gifts during holidays, some may choose the wrong gifts. They buy what they want to give instead of what recipients prefer. As research shows, recipients value / appreciate gifts far less than givers. Actually, thoughtful presents turn out the worst ones. Therefore, stopping buying gifts or picking flexible ones, preferably cash, may work. 【点睛】[高分句型1] ：They buy what they want to give instead of what recipients prefer. 运用两个what引导的宾语从句对第二段进行了概括，两个从句由instead of连接，用法高级。 [高分句型2]：As research shows, recipients value / appreciate gifts far less than givers.运用as引导的非限制性定语从句概括了第三段的内容，且从句中用了比较级，表达高级。 [高分句型3]：Therefore, stopping buying gifts or picking flexible ones, preferably cash, may work.运用动名词做主语总结了最后一段的内容。 IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 雷军成功将小米科技打造成全球知名的智能设备品牌。(transform) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Lei Jun has successfully transformed Xiaomi Technology into a world-famous smart device brand. 【解析】 【详解】表示“成功地”用副词successfully，作状语；表示“将……打造成”用固定搭配transform...into...，强调动作的影响，用现在完成时has transformed；“小米科技”是专有名词Xiaomi Technology，作宾语；表示“全球知名的”用形容词world-famous，作定语；表示“智能设备品牌”用smart device brand，作宾语。 53. 春运期间，在这场大规模乘客流动的背后，是坚守岗位的敬业的维修工人。（Behind）(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Behind the large-scale passenger flow during the Spring Festival travel rush are dedicated/devoted maintenance workers who/that stick to their posts. 【解析】 【详解】方位介词短语behind置于句首，需使用完全倒装结构，语序为介词短语+be动词+主语；“这场大规模乘客流动”译为the large-scale passenger flow ，充当behind的宾语；“春运”译为the Spring Festival travel rush，充当状语；句子主语为“敬业的维修工人”，译为dedicated/devoted maintenance workers，“坚守岗位的”作后置定语修饰workers，用定语从句表达，其中先行词workers在从句充当主语，要用关系代词who或that引导，“坚守岗位”译为stick to their posts；句子描述的是客观事实，且主语为复数，所以be动词用are。 54. 自去年11月中国对韩国游客实行免签证政策以来，越来越多的韩国人利用这一政策来上海度周末。（advantage）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Since China implemented the visa-free policy for South Korean tourists last November, more and more South Koreans have taken advantage of this policy to spend their weekends in Shanghai. 【解析】 【详解】“自……以来”是since引导的时间状语从句标志，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时；“去年11月以来”表达为last November，“中国”为China，作从句主语，“对韩国游客”表达为for South Korean tourists，“实行”表达为implement，作从句谓语，“免签证政策”表达为the visa-free policy，作从句宾语，“越来越多的韩国人”表达为more and more South Koreans，作主句主语，“利用”用固定搭配take advantage of，作谓语，“这一政策”表达为this policy，作宾语，“来上海度周末”表达为to spend their weekends in Shanghai，作目的状语，注意句首单词首字母需大写。 55. 在名为“秧歌机器人”的表演中，机器人用灵活的机械臂在空中旋转手绢，营造出一种令人目眩的视觉效果，将表演推向高潮。(spin, which) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 In the performance named Yangko Robots, robots spin handkerchiefs in the air with their flexible robotic arms, which creates a dazzling visual effect and brings the performance to a climax. 【解析】 【详解】“在表演中”作状语，译为in the performance，“名为‘秧歌机器人’的”为过去分词作后置定语，修饰performance，译为named Yangko Robots；根据句意可知，句子描述的是客观事实，所以要用一般现在时；主语是“机器人”robots，为复数，谓语“旋转”应用原形spin，宾语是“手绢”handkerchiefs，“在空中”作状语，译为in the air,“用灵活的机械臂”作状语，译为with their flexible robotic arms；后半句“营造视觉效果、推向高潮”是前面整件事带来的结果，用which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前文整个主句的内容，作主语看作单数，谓语动词“营造”用三单creates，“令人目眩的视觉效果”译为a dazzling visual effect，作creates的宾语；并列谓语动词“将表演推向高潮”译为brings the performance to a climax。 V. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你校学生会正开展主题为“The first job I want to take”的英语征文比赛，请你撰文参加（文中请不要出现真实的校名和人名）。你的征文内容需包括： 1.离开校园、步入社会后，你想从事的第一份职业是什么； 2.你想从事这份职业的原因（可从个人特点、职业价值等方面进行阐述）。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The first job I want to take after graduation from college is a doctor. The reasons are as follows. Firstly, the new coronavirus has brought suffering and misfortune to many people all over the world, which gives me the idea of being a doctor. I hope to contribute to people’s health in the future. Secondly, I am a person who likes to challenge myself. Although it is very hard to study medicine, I like the challenges it brings and make great efforts to study it well. Thirdly, as a doctor, I can eliminate the pain and relieve the discomfort of others, which will bring me a sense of accomplishment. In summary, being a doctor can realize my dream. I will study hard, enter a good medical university, continue to practice and strive to become an excellent doctor. 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达是一篇征文。你校学生会正开展主题为“The first job I want to take”的英语征文比赛，请你撰文参加。 【详解】这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来。动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，不能遗漏要点：1.离开校园、步入社会后，你想从事的第一份职业是什么；2.你想从事这份职业的原因（可从个人特点、职业价值等方面进行阐述）。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。根据写作要点我们可以初步确定文章可能使用到的词汇和短语及句子有：The first job I want to take after graduation from college is a doctor. The reasons are as follows. the new coronavirus，contribute to people’s health in the future，challenge myself，make great efforts，eliminate the pain and relieve the discomfort of others，a sense of accomplishment，Being a doctor can realize my dream. study hard，enter a good medical university， strive to become an excellent doctor。可以使用的衔接词：1.表文章结构顺序：First of all，Firstly/First，Secondly/Second… And then，Finally，In the end，At last，Above all。2.表并列补充关系：What is more，Besides，Moreover，Furthermore，In addition，as well as，not only…but (also)。通过词汇铺垫，我们就很容易地行文了，文章写完之后要检查文中是否存在拼写或语法错误。 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了主从复合句：Firstly, the new coronavirus has brought suffering and misfortune to many people all over the world, which gives me the idea of being a doctor. Thirdly, as a doctor, I can eliminate the pain and relieve the discomfort of others, which will bring me a sense of accomplishment.这两句话运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句；Although it is very hard to study medicine, I like the challenges it brings and make great efforts to study it well. 这句话运用了although引导的让步状语从句。使用了一些固定词组，如： as follows，contribute to，make great efforts，realize my dream。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $