内容正文:
Unit 10 Lending a Helping Hand
Preparing for the Topic
词汇认知
1. ___________(v.) 给予,提供(帮助、支持等);借给;借出
2. ___________(adj.) 医疗的;医学的
3. ___________(adv.) 在很大程度上;大量地
4. ___________(n.) 志愿者;(v.) 自愿做
5. ___________(adv.) 在昨天;(n.) 昨天
6. ___________(n.) 网球
7. ____________________ (n.) 乒乓球运动
8. ___________(n.) 比赛;竞赛;(v.) 找相称的人(或物)
9. ___________(n.) 爸爸
10. ___________(n.) 检查,检验;考试
11. ___________(v.) 修理
12. ___________(adj.) 无偿的,义务性的;自愿的,志愿的,主动的
13. ___________(n.) 经历;经验;体验;(v.) 经历;体验
14. ___________(v.) 忘了带,丢下;离开;遗弃
15. ___________(n.) 钥匙;关键;(adj.) 最重要的;关键的
16. ___________(n.) 女儿
17. ___________(v.) 丢失;输掉(比赛等)
短语积累
1. ______________________k 打扫公园
2. ______________________ 提供医疗服务
3. ______________________ 举办社区派对
4. ___________ the snow ___________ the road 清扫道路积雪
5.______________________ tree planting 参加植树活动
6. ______________________ a ___________race 参加跑步比赛
7. ______________________ 志愿者活动
8. ______________________ 努力工作
9. ______________________ 前天
10. ______________________ 举办生日派对
11. ______________________ 积极参加
12. ___________sth. ___________ 把某物忘在家里
13. ___________sth. ___________ sth. 用某物做某事
14. ___________ one's ___________ back 在某人返回途中
15. ______________________ sb. 等待某人
16. do ______________________ 购物
17. ______________________ sb. 某人真好
18. ______________________ the door 敲门
19. just ______________________ 稍等片刻
20. ______________________ 进来
21. ______________________ help 主动提供帮助
22. ______________________ 寻找
句型归纳
1. ___________ ___________ you ___________ the day ___________ yesterday?前天你去哪里了?
2. ___________ ___________ you ___________ there?你在那里做了什么?
3. We ___________ in a ___________ activity ___________ clean ___________ the park.我们参加了一个志愿者活动,打扫了公园。
4. Liu Mei’s mother volunteered ______________________ medical services.刘梅的妈妈自愿提供医疗服务。
5. My grandpa ___________ the old people ___________ some cleaning.我爷爷帮助老人们做了一些清洁工作。
6. My dad gave ___________ ___________ ___________ .我爸爸提供了免费的医疗检查。
7. ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ yesterday?你昨天做了什么?
8. I ___________ part ___________ a volunteer ___________.我参加了一个志愿者活动。
9. Could you ___________ ___________?你能帮我吗?
10. ___________ ___________ ___________ your phone to ___________ my daughter?我可以用你的电话给我女儿打电话吗?
11. Would you ___________ ___________ and ___________ ___________ her at my home?你能进来在我家等她吗?
12. Mrs. Li ___________ her keys and phone ___________ home.李太太把钥匙和手机忘在家里了。
13. Xiao Ya ___________ her phone ___________ Mrs. Li.小雅把自己的手机借给了李太太。
14. ___________ up?怎么了?
15. That's very ___________ ___________ you.你真好。
16. ______________________.不用谢。
Exploring the Topic
词汇认知
1. ___________(v.) 采,摘;挑选
2. ___________(n.) 主人;东道主
3. ___________(n.) 标题,题目
4. ___________(adv.) 以前
5. ___________(adj.) 拥挤的
6. ___________(adj.) 重要的
7. ___________(n.) 镇;集镇
8. ___________(v.) 主动提供,主动给予(某事物)
9. Dr. (abbr.) 医生;博士
10. ___________(v.,n.) 闲聊;聊天
11. ___________(n.) 小孩;年轻人
12. ___________(adj.,pron.) 自己的,本人的;(v.) 拥有,有;承担;负责
13. ___________(n.) 卧室
14. ___________(pron.) 我的;(n.) 矿;矿井
15. ___________(pron.) 她的
16. ___________(pron.) 我们的
17. ___________(n.) 院子
18. ___________(pron.) 他们的,她们的,它们的
19. ___________(pron.,det.) 两个,两个都
20. ___________(v.) 切,割;(用刀等将某物)切成,割成;削减,缩减
短语积累
1. ___________ ___________ a ___________ day 在晴天到达
2. ___________ a warm ___________ 受到热烈欢迎
3. ___________ ___________ sb. ___________ 3 weeks 和某人相处三周
4. ___________ a lot of ___________玩得开心
5. ___________ up litter 捡垃圾
6. ___________ the street 扫街道
7. ______________________ a new community 搬到新社区
8. ___________ ___________ to sb. 向某人提供帮助
9. ___________ boxes ___________ the house 把箱子搬进房子
10. ___________ sb. the ___________ ___________school 给某人指路去学校
11. ______________________ the garden 清理花园
12. ___________ a ___________ party 举办欢迎派对
13. ___________ with ___________ 和邻居聊天
14. take ___________ in community ___________参加社区活动
15. feel ___________ and ___________ 感受到关爱
16. be ___________ ___________ sb. 对某人来说是新的
17. ___________ one's ___________ way 以自己的方式
18. ___________ playground 社区操场
19. ___________ ___________志愿工作
20. ___________ ___________ ___________ wild animals 为野生动物筹款
21. ___________ part in activities 参加活动
22. cut ___________ bad plants 修剪坏植物
23. a friend ___________ ___________ 我的一个朋友(双重所有格)
24. be ___________ ___________ 小心对待
25. have fun ___________ together 合作愉快
26. ___________ vegetables ___________ flowers 种植蔬菜和花卉
27. ___________ the plants 给植物浇水
句型归纳
1. He ___________ ___________ a ___________ day. 他在一个晴天到达。
2. They ___________ the rubbish ___________ the bags. 他们把垃圾放进袋子里。
3. He ___________ a lot of ___________there. 他在那里玩得很开心。
4. It was a ___________ ___________. 这是一项有意义的活动。
5. The Zhao family ___________ ___________ a new community ___________ week. 赵一家人上周搬到了一个新社区。
6. ___________ ___________ new ___________ them. 一切对他们来说都是新的。
7. Mr. Wang ___________ them ___________ boxes. 王先生帮他们搬箱子。
8. Dr. Li ___________ to ___________ up the garden. 李医生主动提出清理花园。
9. The community is a ___________ of ___________ and ___________ . 这个社区是一个充满爱和关怀的地方。
10. ___________ can I ___________ you? 我能帮你什么忙?
11. ___________ me show you ___________ . 让我带你四处看看。
12. We ___________very ___________here. 我们在这里感觉受到了热烈欢迎。
13. The ___________ are ___________ very nice. 邻居们都很友好。
14. ___________ ___________ your volunteer activity last ___________? 你上周末的志愿者活动怎么样?
15. ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ there? 你们在那里做了什么?
16. It was ___________ ! 太棒了!
17. We had fun ___________together. 我们一起工作很开心。
Developing the Topic
基础词汇
1. ___________(n.) 大事;公开活动
2. ___________(n.) 网站
3. ___________(n.) 护理;看护
4. ___________(n.) 长者;长辈
5. ___________(n.) 女士,女子
6. ___________(adj.) (good的比较级)较好的;更好的
短语积累
1. ___________ 搬到……
2. take part ___________ a ___________race 参加跑步比赛
3. ___________ money ___________ sb. 为某人筹款
4. ___________ money 募集资金
5. ___________ ___________ sth. ___________...从某处了解某事
6. community ___________社区网站
7. all ___________ of ___________ 各种各样的活动
8. have a wonderful ___________ 有一次很棒的经历
9. feel ___________ of 为……感到自豪
10. ___________ books ___________ children 与儿童分享书籍
11. be ___________ but ___________ 累但快乐
12. ___________ a ___________ home 在养老院
13. ___________ cards ___________ sb. 和某人打牌
14. ___________ the world a ___________ place 让世界更美好
15. ___________ ___________ 9:00 a.m. 上午9点到达
16. at ___________ ...___________ ...___________ 首先……接着……然后
17. ___________ ___________ about ___________ others 乐于助人的美好感受
18. tell sb. ___________ sth. 告诉某人某事
19. ___________ ___________ 合作
句型归纳
1. It was a volunteer activity ______________________ money ___________ the old people. 这是一项为老年人筹款的志愿者活动。
2. Kangkang ___________ ___________ after the race. 康康在比赛后感到疲惫。
3. He ___________ about the event ___________ the community ___________ . 他在社区网站上了解到了这个活动。
4. We ___________ there ___________ 9:00 a.m. 我们上午 9 点到达那里。
5. We ___________ her ___________ our school ___________ . 我们告诉她我们的学校生活。
6. She was very happy ___________ ___________ ___________us. 她很高兴和我们在一起。
7. I ___________ ___________ ___________ helping others. 帮助别人让我感觉很好。
8. Together, we can ___________ the ___________ _______ ___________ ___________. 我们可以一起让世界变得更美好。
Wrapping up the Topic
词汇认知
1. ___________(n.)(统称)住房,住宅
2. ___________(n.) 公共交通运输系统
3. ___________(adv.) 在附近;(adj.) 附近的
4. ___________(adj.) 公众的,大众的;公共的,公立的;(n.) 民众;百姓(the public)
5. ___________(n.) 大片空地;太空;空隙;空间
6. ___________(n.) 项目;物件
7. ___________(n.) 农场主;农人
8. ___________(n.) 农场;(v.) 务农,饲养
9. ___________(v.) 驾车送(人);驾驶,开车
10. ___________(n.) 商品,货品;运载的货物
11. ___________(n.) 商业;生意
12. ___________(adv.) 在早期;提前;(adj.) 早期的;早到的
短语积累
1. schools ___________附近的学校
2. public ___________公共安全
3. fresh ___________新鲜的商品
4. street ___________街道照明
5. green ___________绿地
6. ___________sb. ___________sth. 为某人提供某物
7. business ___________商业中心
句型归纳
1. Farmers ___________ ___________ the farms ___________ . 农民们来自附近的农场。
2. ___________ does she__________ ________ volunteer activities? 她对志愿者活动有什么看法?
3. What is her ___________ ________volunteer work? 她的志愿者工作计划是什么?
4. They all ___________ some ___________ ___________ . 他们都买了一些新鲜的商品。
5. They then ___________ them ___________ the market and ___________ ___________ people to shop. 然后他们把它们开车运到市场,等着人们来购物。
6. They ___________ us ___________ fresh goods, and ___________ the market a ___________ ___________ of our community. 他们为我们提供新鲜的商品,使这个市场成为我们社区的商业中心。
7. People ______ my community ___________ happy ___________ shop. 我们社区的人很高兴去购物。
8. They ___________ fresh fruit and ___________ early _______ the morning. 他们一大早就采摘新鲜的水果和蔬菜。
Pronunciation
元音
Letter
ear
eer
eir/ere
er
ew
igh
ing
Sound
/ɜː/
/ɪə(r)/
/eə/
/ɜː/
/ju:/
/aɪ/
/ɪŋ/
Word
early
learn
volunteercheer
their
there
her
term
new
few
right
high
sing
eating
辅音
Letter
ph
qu
Sound
/f/
/kw/
Word
photo
phone
quick
quiet
Grammar in Use
语法
1. Possessive pronouns 物主代词
2. The simple past tense (II) 一般过去时(II)
【考点1】 It snowed heavily last night. The boys worked very hard to clear the snow on the road this morning.昨晚下了很大的雪。今天早上男孩们非常努力地清理道路上的积雪。
【详解】
1. heavily(副词),修饰动词 snow,表示 “雪下得大”。
变形:heavily (副词)→heavy (形容词)
拓展:类似用法的副词还有 hard(rain/snow hard)、heavily(snow heavily)。
例句:It rained heavily yesterday.(= It rained hard yesterday.)
2. clear the snow(扫雪)
clear v. 清理,常见搭配:clear the table(收拾桌子)、clear the road(清路)。
近义词:clean up(强调彻底打扫)。
3. work hard to do sth.(努力做某事)
hard 在此为副词,修饰动词 worked。
变形:hard → harder(比较级)→ hardest(最高级)。
【典例】
1. It snowed heavily last night. (同义句转换)
There was a _____________ snow last night.
2. The students helped to ______ the classroom after the party.
A. clear up B. clean up C. clear away
2. The students ________________________(努力学习为了)pass the exam last term.
【考点2】Liu Mei’s mother volunteered to provide medical services for their community last Sunday. 刘梅的妈妈上周日自愿为他们的社区提供医疗服务。
【详解】
1. volunteer to do sth.(自愿做某事)
volunteer 可作名词(志愿者)或动词。
变形:volunteer → volunteered(过去式)→ volunteering(现在分词)。
2. provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth.(为某人提供某物)
例句:The school provides lunch for students. = The school provides students with lunch.
【典例】
1.My uncle often volunteers ____________ (teach) art in the community center.
2. The government provided tents for the earthquake victims.政府为地震灾民提供了帐篷。
= The government provided the earthquake victims ___________ tents.
【考点3】Many families took an active part in the community running race last Tuesday.上周二,许多家庭积极参加了社区跑步比赛。
【详解】
1.take an active part in(积极参加)
active adj. 积极的 → actively adv. 积极地。
同义短语:actively participate in。
辨析:take part in 与 join
take part in:参加活动(如比赛、会议)。
join:加入组织或团体(如俱乐部、球队)。
【典例】
1. She ______ the chess club last year and won first prize.
A. took part in B. joined C. joined in
2. We should take an __________ (act) role in protecting the environment.
3. 他们积极参与了社区清洁活动。
__________________________________the community cleaning activity.
【考点4】Could you help me? 你能帮我一下吗?
【详解】
Could you help me?(你能帮我吗?)
委婉请求帮助,比 “Can you help me?” 更礼貌。
同义表达:Would you mind helping me? / May I ask for your help?
【典例】
1. —______ you help me carry the box?
—Sure, no problem.
A. Can B. Could C. Must
2. 你能帮我找到丢失的猫吗?
____________________________ the lost cat?
【考点5】I left my keys and my phone at home. 我把钥匙和手机落在家里了。
【详解】
leave sth. + 地点(把某物落在某地) 例句:She left her umbrella on the bus.
辨析:leave(有意 / 无意落下)与 forget(忘记携带,后不接地点)。
left(leave 的过去式)
动词变形:leave → left → left
【典例】
1. She ______ her book in the classroom yesterday.
A. forgot B. left C. missed
2. ___________ (not leave) the door open. It’s cold outside.
3. 他把钱包落在餐厅了。
_____________________________________
【考点6】May I use your phone to call my daughter? 我可以用你的手机给我女儿打个电话吗?
【详解】
May I use your phone?(我可以用你的电话吗?)
礼貌请求许可,否定回答用 “No, you may not.” 或 “I’m afraid not.”。
其他请求句型:Can I borrow your pen? / Is it OK if I open the window?
【典例】
1. —______ I leave the room now?
—Yes, you may.
2. Can I use your dictionary? 我可以用你的字典吗?
= ______ I use your dictionary?
【考点7】Would you come in and wait for her at my home? 你能进来我家等她吗?
【详解】1.Would you...?(你愿意…… 吗?)
用法:礼貌提出邀请或建议,比 “Will you...?” 更委婉。还可以说Would you like to...?
回答:肯定回答用 “Yes, I’d love to.”,否定回答用 “I’d love to, but...”。
2.wait for sb.(等待某人)
搭配:wait for sb. to do sth.(等待某人做某事)
例句:We’re waiting for the teacher to arrive.
【典例】
1. 你愿意和我们一起参加社区活动吗?
______________________________________
2. They are waiting ______ the bus at the stop.
A. for B. to C. with
【考点8】That’s very kind of you. 你真是太好了。
【详解】That’s very kind of you.(你真好。),用于感谢对方的帮助或提议。
同义表达:It’s very nice of you. / Thank you for your kindness.
【典例】
1. —I’ll help you clean the room.
—______ very kind of you.
2. 你主动帮我复习功课,真是太好了。
_____________________________________
【考点9】Thank you very much for your help. 非常感谢你的帮助。
【详解】Thank you for...(因…… 感谢你)
用法:后接名词或动名词。
例句:Thank you for coming. / Thank you for your advice.
【典例】
1.Thank you for ________ (help) me with my homework.
2.Thanks for your support. 感谢你的支持。
= Thank you ________ ________ me.
【考点10】During the summer holiday, Wang Junfeng went to a summer school in Chicago. 暑假期间,王俊峰去芝加哥参加了暑期学校。
【详解】
1. 时间状语结构:
一般过去时标志词:during the summer holiday(时间状语)
同类结构:last week/yesterday + 过去式动词
易错点:went(go的过去式)不规则变化
2. 地点介词辨析:
in + 大城市(Chicago)
at + 小地点(at the station)
【典例】
1. Lucy ______ (go) to London last month.
2. He arrived ______ Beijing ______ a rainy day.
A. in; on B. at; in C. on; at
3. 翻译:去年夏天我参加了游泳俱乐部。(take part in)
_________________________________________
【考点11】 He arrived on a sunny day and got a warm welcome from his American host family. 他在一个晴天到达,并受到美国家庭的热烈欢迎。
【详解】1. 日期介词规则:
on + 具体某天(on Monday/on a rainy day)
易错:in the morning但on Monday morning
2. "get+名词"结构:
get a welcome 受到欢迎
get permission 获得许可
get attention 引起注意
3. 形容词修饰顺序:
warm welcome(观点形容词+名词)→ 不可说warmly welcome(副词错误修饰名词)
4. host family 寄宿家庭
【典例】
1. 改错:We had a party in a snow day → ______
2. 翻译:他得到了老师的表扬。(get...)
____________________________________________
3. She received a ______ (warm/warmly) hug.
【考点12】Most of the time, Wang Junfeng had classes in the morning and took part in different activities in the afternoon. 大多数时候,王俊峰上午上课,下午参加各种活动。
【详解】1. "most of the time"的特殊性:
作状语时无需介词:Most of the time we eat at home(对比:For most of the day)
2. 活动类动词短语对比:
take part in 活动/比赛
join 组织/团队
attend 会议/课程
【典例】
1. 重组句子:in / activities / the / took / they / part / afternoon / .
2. My brother wants to ______ the chess competition.
A. join B. attend C. take part in
【考点13】Years ago, my community was very old and crowded. Now, my community looks very beautiful. 多年前我的社区又旧又拥挤。现在我的社区看起来非常漂亮。
【详解】1. 今昔对比结构:
Years ago 一般过去时 描述过去状态
Now 一般现在时 说明现状
2. 感官动词look的用法:
look + adj.(表状态):look beautiful/tired 看起来美丽/疲惫
对比:look at + 名词(动作):look at the picture 看这张图片
【典例】
1.用years ago/now填空:
____________ there was a small park here. ____________ it becomes a shopping mall.
2.The soup ______ delicious. Let me taste it.
A. looks B. looks at C. sees
【考点14】Mr. Wang helped them carry boxes to their house. Mrs. Wang brought them some dishes. 王先生帮他们搬箱子到家里。王太太给他们带了些菜肴。
【详解】1. help的复合结构:help sb (to) do(中考高频考点,to可省略)
→ helped carry = helped to carry
2. 携带类动词对比:
bring 带来 bring sth to sb
take 带走 take sth from sb
【典例】
1. 改写句子:She helped me clean the room.
→ She helped me ____________ the room.
2. Please ______ the book to the library.
A. bring B. take C. carry
3.翻译:你能帮我拿这些袋子吗?(help...carry)
__________________________________
【考点15】Miss Gao showed Mrs. Zhao the way to the school. 高老师给赵太太指了去学校的路。
【详解】1. 双宾语结构:show sb sth = show sth to sb
→ showed her the way = showed the way to her
2.固定搭配:the way to + 地点(不可用for)
the answer to the question(同类结构)
3.职业身份提示:
teacher → 自然关联school(逻辑推理考点)
【典例】
1.同义句转换:Show me your ticket.
→ Show __________ __________ __________ __________.
2. 填空:This is the way ______ the museum.
3.根据职业补全:
Dr. Li is a __________________, so he works in the hospital.
【考点16】Last Sunday, we held a welcome party for the Zhaos in the community center.上周日,我们在社区中心为赵家举办了欢迎会。
【详解】1. 举办活动动词:
hold a party/meeting(正式举办)
have a party(非正式)
2.地点介词精准使用:
in the center(在内部)
at the center(在中心地点)
3.时态呼应:
Last Sunday → 一般过去时(held)
【典例】
1. We _________ (have) a sports meeting in the stadium yesterday.
2. The concert will be held _________ the city hall.
A. at B. in C. on
【考点17】My bike is red, and hers is black. 我的自行车是红色的,她的是黑色的。
【详解】1.物主代词分类:
形容词性物主代词→限定性(Determinative)→修饰名词 →my/your/their...
名词性物主代词→名词性(Nominal)→独立使用→mine/yours/theirs...
2. 使用规则:
名词性物主代词 = 限定性物主代词 + 名词
→ hers = her bike
→ ours = our community
【典例】
1.This isn't __________ (their/theirs) car. ________ (Their/Theirs) is over there.
2.改错:The blue pen is my. → ____________
3.翻译:这些书是我们的,那些是他们的。
_________________________________________
【考点18】 We grew lovely vegetables and beautiful flowers. 我们种植了可爱的蔬菜和美丽的花朵。
【详解】1.规则动词变化:
一般情况 +ed plant → planted
e结尾 +d live → lived
辅+y结尾 y→i+ed carry → carried
2. 时态标志词:
last weekend/yesterday + 过去式
【典例】
1. 写出过去式:sweep → ______, water → ______
2. They ______ (collect) money for charity last month.
3. 改错:She cutted the paper into shapes. → ______
【考点19】Did you take part in other activities? 你们参加了其他活动吗?
【详解】1. 一般疑问句结构:
Did + 主语 + 动词原形?
→ Yes, 主语 did./No, 主语 didn't.
2. 特殊疑问句结构:
What/Where/Who + did + 主语 + do?
→ What did people do?
【典例】
1. 改写疑问句:They planted trees.
→ ______ they ______ trees?
2.回答:Did you clean the park?
→ Yes, ______.
3. 翻译:上周日你们在社区中心做了什么?
________________________________________________
【考点20】Kangkang took part in a running race to collect money for the old people. 康康参加了为老年人筹款的跑步比赛。
【详解】1.目的状语结构:
to do表目的 → to collect money(不定式作目的状语)
for + 受益对象 → for the old people
常考易错点:
误用介词:collect money to the old people(×)→ for(√)
2.collect money 近义表达:raise money 筹钱
【典例】
1. 用正确介词填空:We raised money ___________ the homeless.
2. She will ______ the speech contest next week.
A. join B. take part in C. attend
3. 改错:They took part the charity sale yesterday. → _________________________________________
【考点21】He learnt about the event on the community website. 他通过社区网站了解到这个活动。
【详解】1.信息渠道介词搭配:
渠道 介词 示例
网站 on on the website
海报 from from a poster
朋友 through through friends
2.动词learn的拓展:
learn about(了解)
learn from(向...学习)
3.常考易错点:
介词误用:in the website(×)→ on(√)
动词混淆:knew the event(×)→ learnt about(√)
【典例】
1. I heard the news ______ the radio.
A. on B. in C. through
2. 翻译:我们从老师那里得知了比赛信息。
We _________ _________ the competition _________ our teacher.
3. 改错:She knew the concert from WeChat. → _________
【考点22】On March 5th, Lei Feng Day, I volunteered at a nursing home.
在3月5日雷锋日,我在养老院做志愿者。
【详解】1.时间状语结构:
On + 具体日期:固定搭配(不可用in/at)
节日作同位语:双逗号隔开补充说明日期
易错点:误用介词(× In March 5th → √ On March 5th)
2. 写作应用:正确格式:On [日期], [节日名称], [主句]
示例:On December 25th, Christmas Day, we held a party.
3. a nursing home 敬老院
【典例】
1.改错:We had a meeting in March 3rd. → ____________
2.翻译:在2024年5月1日劳动节,我们去了公园。
___________________________________
3.填空:______ a rainy afternoon, they arrived ______ London.
【考点23】At first, we cleaned the windows and swept the floor, then we visited some elders. 首先我们擦窗户、扫地,然后去探望老人。
【详解】1. 动作顺序表达:At first 起始动作→Then/Next 后续步骤→Finally 最终环节
2. 动词多样性:避免重复使用do: clean → sweep → visit → chat
【典例】
1. 排序动作链:① watered plants ② dug holes ③ planted trees → ________________
2. 用then连接句子:We cleaned the classroom. We decorated(装饰) the walls.
_______________________________________________________________
【考点24】Helpers keep us safe / keep our community clean. 志愿者保障我们的安全/保持社区清洁。
【详解】keep + 宾语 + 形容词:
keep + 对象 + 状态 “保持……” keep streets tidy 保持街道干净
keep + 对象 + from... “保护……免受……” keep children from danger 保护孩子们远离危险
【典例】
1.Volunteers help ____________ (we/us) recycle rubbish.
2. 改错:They keep the community safely. → ____________
【考点25】Where did she learn about the activity? – On the community website. 她在哪里了解到这个活动?—社区网站。
【详解】1.疑问词搭配:
What 具体事物/活动
Where 地点(website/poster)
When 时间(last month/at 3pm)
2.信息渠道表达:
渠道 介词
网站 on the website
公告栏 from the notice board
口口相传 through neighbors
【典例】
1.补全问题:__________ did she start volunteering? – Three years ago.
2.翻译:你通过什么方式得知环保活动的?
__________ did you __________ __________ the environmental activity?
3.改错:Where she learned about the event? → __________
【语法点1】Possessive pronouns 物主代词
【点拨】
物主代词用于表示所有关系,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两类。以下是它们的分类、用法及常见易错点解析:
一、形容词性物主代词(Possessive Adjectives)
形式:
单数:my(我的), your(你的), his(他的), her(她的), its(它的)
复数:our(我们的), your(你们的), their(他们的)
用法:必须修饰名词,不能单独使用。
例句:
This is my book. (这是我的书。)
Her cat is sleeping. (她的猫在睡觉。)
Their teacher is very kind. (他们的老师很友善。)
易错点:
❌ 错误:This is mine book.
✅ 正确:This is my book.
二、名词性物主代词(Possessive Pronouns)
形式:
单数:mine(我的), yours(你的), his(他的), hers(她的), its(它的)
复数:ours(我们的), yours(你们的), theirs(他们的)
用法:可以独立使用,无需接名词。
例句:
The red bag is mine. (红色的包是我的。)
Is this pen yours? (这支钢笔是你的吗?)
The house on the hill is theirs. (山上的房子是他们的。)
易错点:
❌ 错误:This is my.
✅ 正确:This is mine.
三、形容词性与名词性物主代词对比
类型 例句(形容词性) 例句(名词性)
第一人称单数(我) This is my pen. This pen is mine.
第二人称单数(你) Is this your bag? The bag is yours.
第三人称单数(他) His bike is blue. The blue bike is his.
易错点:
its 与it’s
its(形容词性物主代词):The dog wagged its tail. (狗摇了摇它的尾巴。)
it’s(缩写)= it is / it has:It’s raining. (下雨了。)
【典例】
1. 用形容词性物主代词填空:
This is ______ (I) notebook.
______ (He) sister is a doctor.
They lost ______ (they) keys. 2. 用名词性物主代词填空:
The blue car is ______ (we).
Is this phone ______ (you)? The cookies on the table are ______ (she). 3. 改错:
This is mines pencil. → ________________________
The book is your. → ________________________
Its raining outside. → ________________________
【语法点2】The simple past tense (II) 一般过去时(II)
【点拨】
be动词与实义动词的句式变化(一般疑问句、特殊疑问句)
一、be动词的一般过去时句式变化
形式:
肯定句:主语 + was/were + 其他。
否定句:主语 + was/were not + 其他。
一般疑问句:Was/Were + 主语 + 其他?
回答:Yes, 主语 + was/were. / No, 主语 + wasn’t/weren’t.
例句:
肯定句:She was at home yesterday. (她昨天在家。)
否定句:They were not (weren’t) happy. (他们不开心。)
一般疑问句:Were you late for school? (你上学迟到了吗?)
→ Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t.
特殊疑问句:
结构:疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 其他?
例:
Where was your brother last night? (你弟弟昨晚在哪里?)
Why were they angry? (他们为什么生气?)
二、实义动词的一般过去时句式变化
形式:
肯定句:主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他。
否定句:主语 + did not (didn’t) + 动词原形 + 其他。
一般疑问句:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
回答:Yes, 主语 + did. / No, 主语 + didn’t.
例句:
肯定句:He played basketball yesterday. (他昨天打篮球了。)
否定句:I didn’t watch TV last night. (我昨晚没看电视。)
一般疑问句:Did she clean her room? (她打扫房间了吗?)
→ Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t.
特殊疑问句:
结构:疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
例:
What did you do last weekend? (你上周末做了什么?)
Where did they go on holiday? (他们假期去了哪里?)
三、be动词 vs. 实义动词的疑问句对比
类型 be动词疑问句 实义动词疑问句
一般疑问句 Were you tired? Did you finish your homework?
特殊疑问句 Why was the door open? Where did they buy the cake?
注意:
be动词疑问句不需要助动词did,直接提前was/were。
实义动词疑问句必须用助动词did,且动词恢复原形。
四、常见错误与纠正
错误混淆be动词与实义动词:
❌ Did you was at home? → Were you at home?
❌ Was she played football? → Did she play football?
忘记动词恢复原形:
❌ Did you went to the park? → Did you go to the park?
【典例】
1. 将以下句子改为一般疑问句:
She was a teacher 5 years ago.
→ _________________________________
They visited the museum.
→ _________________________________
2. 对划线部分提问:
Tom watched a movie last night.
→ _________________________________
The keys were on the table.
→ _________________________________
3. 改错:
Did he was happy yesterday?
→ _________________________________
Where did she went?
→ _________________________________
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Unit 10 Lending a Helping Hand
Preparing for the Topic
词汇认知
1. lend (v.) 给予,提供(帮助、支持等);借给;借出
2. medical (adj.) 医疗的;医学的
3. heavily (adv.) 在很大程度上;大量地
4. volunteer (n.) 志愿者;(v.) 自愿做
5. yesterday (adv.) 在昨天;(n.) 昨天
6. tennis (n.) 网球
7. table tennis (n.) 乒乓球运动
8. match (n.) 比赛;竞赛;(v.) 找相称的人(或物)
9. dad (n.) 爸爸
10. exam (n.) 检查,检验;考试
11. repair (v.) 修理
12. voluntary (adj.) 无偿的,义务性的;自愿的,志愿的,主动的
13. experience (n.) 经历;经验;体验;(v.) 经历;体验
14. leave (v.) 忘了带,丢下;离开;遗弃
15. key (n.) 钥匙;关键;(adj.) 最重要的;关键的
16. daughter (n.) 女儿
17. lose (v.) 丢失;输掉(比赛等)
短语积累
1. clean up the park 打扫公园
2. provide medical services 提供医疗服务
3. have a community party 举办社区派对
4. clear the snow on the road 清扫道路积雪
5. take part in tree planting 参加植树活动
6. join in a running race 参加跑步比赛
7. volunteer activity 志愿者活动
8. work hard 努力工作
9. the day before yesterday 前天
10. hold a birthday party 举办生日派对
11. take an active part in 积极参加
12. leave sth. at home 把某物忘在家里
13. use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事
14. on one's way back 在某人返回途中
15. wait for sb. 等待某人
16. do some shopping 购物
17. be kind of sb. 某人真好
18. knock at the door 敲门
19. just a minute 稍等片刻
20. come in 进来
21. offer to help 主动提供帮助
22. look for 寻找
句型归纳
1. Where did you go the day before yesterday?前天你去哪里了?
2. What did you do there?你在那里做了什么?
3. We joined in a volunteer activity to clean up the park.我们参加了一个志愿者活动,打扫了公园。
4. Liu Mei’s mother volunteered to provide medical services.刘梅的妈妈自愿提供医疗服务。
5. My grandpa helped the old people do some cleaning.我爷爷帮助老人们做了一些清洁工作。
6. My dad gave free medical exams.我爸爸提供了免费的医疗检查。
7. What did you do yesterday?你昨天做了什么?
8. I took part in a volunteer activity.我参加了一个志愿者活动。
9. Could you help me?你能帮我吗?
10. May I use your phone to call my daughter?我可以用你的电话给我女儿打电话吗?
11. Would you come in and wait for her at my home?你能进来在我家等她吗?
12. Mrs. Li left her keys and phone at home.李太太把钥匙和手机忘在家里了。
13. Xiao Ya offered her phone to Mrs. Li.小雅把自己的手机借给了李太太。
14. What's up?怎么了?
15. That's very kind of you.你真好。
16. You're welcome.不用谢。
Exploring the Topic
词汇认知
1. pick (v.) 采,摘;挑选
2. host (n.) 主人;东道主
3. title (n.) 标题,题目
4. ago (adv.) 以前
5. crowded (adj.) 拥挤的
6. meaningful (adj.) 重要的
7. town (n.) 镇;集镇
8. offer (v.) 主动提供,主动给予(某事物)
9. Dr. (abbr.) 医生;博士
10. chat (v.,n.) 闲聊;聊天
11. kid (n.) 小孩;年轻人
12. own (adj.,pron.) 自己的,本人的;(v.) 拥有,有;承担;负责
13. bedroom (n.) 卧室
14. mine (pron.) 我的;(n.) 矿;矿井
15. hers (pron.) 她的
16. ours (pron.) 我们的
17. yard (n.) 院子
18. theirs (pron.) 他们的,她们的,它们的
19. both (pron.,det.) 两个,两个都
20. cut (v.) 切,割;(用刀等将某物)切成,割成;削减,缩减
短语积累
1. arrive on a sunny day 在晴天到达
2. get a warm welcome 受到热烈欢迎
3. stay with sb. for 3 weeks 和某人相处三周
4. have a lot of fun 玩得开心
5. pick up litter 捡垃圾
6. sweep the street 扫街道
7. move to a new community 搬到新社区
8. offer help to sb. 向某人提供帮助
9. carry boxes into the house 把箱子搬进房子
10. show sb. the way to school 给某人指路去学校
11. clean up the garden 清理花园
12. hold a welcome party 举办欢迎派对
13. chat with neighbors 和邻居聊天
14. take part in community activities 参加社区活动
15. feel love and care 感受到关爱
16. be new to sb. 对某人来说是新的
17. in one's own way 以自己的方式
18. community playground 社区操场
19. volunteer work 志愿工作
20. collect money for wild animals 为野生动物筹款
21. take part in activities 参加活动
22. cut out bad plants 修剪坏植物
23. a friend of mine 我的一个朋友(双重所有格)
24. be careful with 小心对待
25. have fun working together 合作愉快
26. grow vegetables and flowers 种植蔬菜和花卉
27. water the plants 给植物浇水
句型归纳
1. He arrived on a sunny day. 他在一个晴天到达。
2. They put the rubbish into the bags. 他们把垃圾放进袋子里。
3. He had a lot of fun there. 他在那里玩得很开心。
4. It was a meaningful activity. 这是一项有意义的活动。
5. The Zhao family moved to a new community last week. 赵一家人上周搬到了一个新社区。
6. Everything was new to them. 一切对他们来说都是新的。
7. Mr. Wang helped them carry boxes. 王先生帮他们搬箱子。
8. Dr. Li offered to clean up the garden. 李医生主动提出清理花园。
9. The community is a place of love and care. 这个社区是一个充满爱和关怀的地方。
10. How can I help you? 我能帮你什么忙?
11. Let me show you around. 让我带你四处看看。
12. We felt very welcome here. 我们在这里感觉受到了热烈欢迎。
13. The neighbors are all very nice. 邻居们都很友好。
14. How was your volunteer activity last weekend? 你上周末的志愿者活动怎么样?
15. What did you do there? 你们在那里做了什么?
16. It was great! 太棒了!
17. We had fun working together. 我们一起工作很开心。
Developing the Topic
基础词汇
1. event (n.) 大事;公开活动
2. website (n.) 网站
3. nursing (n.) 护理;看护
4. elder (n.) 长者;长辈
5. lady (n.) 女士,女子
6. better (adj.) (good的比较级)较好的;更好的
短语积累
1. move to 搬到……
2. take part in a running race 参加跑步比赛
3. collect money for sb. 为某人筹款
4. raise money 募集资金
5. learn about sth. from 从某处了解某事
6. community website 社区网站
7. all kinds of activities 各种各样的活动
8. have a wonderful experience 有一次很棒的经历
9. feel proud of 为……感到自豪
10. share books with children 与儿童分享书籍
11. be tired but happy 累但快乐
12. at a nursing home 在养老院
13. play cards with sb. 和某人打牌
14. make the world a better place 让世界更美好
15. arrive at 9:00 a.m. 上午9点到达
16. at first...next...then 首先……接着……然后
17. feel good about helping others 乐于助人的美好感受
18. tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事
19. work together 合作
句型归纳
1. It was a volunteer activity to collect money for the old people. 这是一项为老年人筹款的志愿者活动。
2. Kangkang felt tired after the race. 康康在比赛后感到疲惫。
3. He learnt about the event on the community website. 他在社区网站上了解到了这个活动。 12. It was a wonderful experience. 那是一次精彩的经历。
4. We arrived there at 9:00 a.m. 我们上午 9 点到达那里。
5. We told her about our school life. 我们告诉她我们的学校生活。
6. She was very happy to be with us. 她很高兴和我们在一起。
7. I felt good about helping others. 帮助别人让我感觉很好。
8. Together, we can make the world a better place. 我们可以一起让世界变得更美好。
Wrapping up the Topic
词汇认知
1. housing (n.)(统称)住房,住宅
2. transportation (n.) 公共交通运输系统
3. nearby (adv.) 在附近;(adj.) 附近的
4. public (adj.) 公众的,大众的;公共的,公立的;(n.) 民众;百姓(the public)
5. space (n.) 大片空地;太空;空隙;空间
6. item (n.) 项目;物件
7. farmer (n.) 农场主;农人
8. farm (n.) 农场;(v.) 务农,饲养
9. drive (v.) 驾车送(人);驾驶,开车
10. goods (n.) 商品,货品;运载的货物
11. business (n.) 商业;生意
12. early (adv.) 在早期;提前;(adj.) 早期的;早到的
短语积累
1. schools nearby 附近的学校
2. public safety 公共安全
3. fresh goods 新鲜的商品
4. street lighting 街道照明
5. green space 绿地
6. provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物
7. business center 商业中心
句型归纳
1. Farmers come from the farms nearby. 农民们来自附近的农场。
2. What does she think of volunteer activities? 她对志愿者活动有什么看法?
3. What is her plan for volunteer work? 她的志愿者工作计划是什么?
4. They all bought some fresh goods. 他们都买了一些新鲜的商品。
5. They then drive them to the market and wait for people to shop. 然后他们把它们开车运到市场,等着人们来购物。
6. They provide us with fresh goods, and make the market a business center of our community. 他们为我们提供新鲜的商品,使这个市场成为我们社区的商业中心。
7. People in my community felt happy to shop. 我们社区的人很高兴去购物。
8. They pick fresh fruit and vegetables early in the morning. 他们一大早就采摘新鲜的水果和蔬菜。
Pronunciation
元音
Letter
ear
eer
eir/ere
er
ew
igh
ing
Sound
/ɜː/
/ɪə(r)/
/eə/
/ɜː/
/ju:/
/aɪ/
/ɪŋ/
Word
early
learn
volunteercheer
their
there
her
term
new
few
right
high
sing
eating
辅音
Letter
ph
qu
Sound
/f/
/kw/
Word
photo
phone
quick
quiet
Grammar in Use
语法
1. Possessive pronouns 物主代词
2. The simple past tense (II) 一般过去时(II)
【考点1】 It snowed heavily last night. The boys worked very hard to clear the snow on the road this morning.昨晚下了很大的雪。今天早上男孩们非常努力地清理道路上的积雪。
【详解】
1. heavily(副词),修饰动词 snow,表示 “雪下得大”。
变形:heavily (副词)→heavy (形容词)
拓展:类似用法的副词还有 hard(rain/snow hard)、heavily(snow heavily)。
例句:It rained heavily yesterday.(= It rained hard yesterday.)
2. clear the snow(扫雪)
clear v. 清理,常见搭配:clear the table(收拾桌子)、clear the road(清路)。
近义词:clean up(强调彻底打扫)。
3. work hard to do sth.(努力做某事)
hard 在此为副词,修饰动词 worked。
变形:hard → harder(比较级)→ hardest(最高级)。
【典例】
1. It snowed heavily last night. (同义句转换)
There was a _____________ snow last night.
2. The students helped to ______ the classroom after the party.
A. clear up B. clean up C. clear away
2. The students ________________________(努力学习为了)pass the exam last term.
【参考答案】1. heavy 2. B 3.worked hard to
【考点2】Liu Mei’s mother volunteered to provide medical services for their community last Sunday. 刘梅的妈妈上周日自愿为他们的社区提供医疗服务。
【详解】
1. volunteer to do sth.(自愿做某事)
volunteer 可作名词(志愿者)或动词。
变形:volunteer → volunteered(过去式)→ volunteering(现在分词)。
2. provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth.(为某人提供某物)
例句:The school provides lunch for students. = The school provides students with lunch.
【典例】
1.My uncle often volunteers ____________ (teach) art in the community center.
2. The government provided tents for the earthquake victims.政府为地震灾民提供了帐篷。
= The government provided the earthquake victims ___________ tents.
【参考答案】1.to teach 2.with
【考点3】Many families took an active part in the community running race last Tuesday.上周二,许多家庭积极参加了社区跑步比赛。
【详解】
1.take an active part in(积极参加)
active adj. 积极的 → actively adv. 积极地。
同义短语:actively participate in。
辨析:take part in 与 join
take part in:参加活动(如比赛、会议)。
join:加入组织或团体(如俱乐部、球队)。
【典例】
1. She ______ the chess club last year and won first prize.
A. took part in B. joined C. joined in
2. We should take an __________ (act) role in protecting the environment.
3. 他们积极参与了社区清洁活动。
__________________________________the community cleaning activity.
【参考答案】1.B 2.active 3.They took an active part in
【考点4】Could you help me? 你能帮我一下吗?
【详解】
Could you help me?(你能帮我吗?)
委婉请求帮助,比 “Can you help me?” 更礼貌。
同义表达:Would you mind helping me? / May I ask for your help?
【典例】
1. —______ you help me carry the box?
—Sure, no problem.
A. Can B. Could C. Must
2. 你能帮我找到丢失的猫吗?
____________________________ the lost cat?
【参考答案】1.B 2.Could you help me find
【考点5】I left my keys and my phone at home. 我把钥匙和手机落在家里了。
【详解】
leave sth. + 地点(把某物落在某地) 例句:She left her umbrella on the bus.
辨析:leave(有意 / 无意落下)与 forget(忘记携带,后不接地点)。
left(leave 的过去式)
动词变形:leave → left → left
【典例】
1. She ______ her book in the classroom yesterday.
A. forgot B. left C. missed
2. ___________ (not leave) the door open. It’s cold outside.
3. 他把钱包落在餐厅了。
_____________________________________
【参考答案】1.B 2. Don’t leave 3.He left his wallet in the restaurant.
【考点6】May I use your phone to call my daughter? 我可以用你的手机给我女儿打个电话吗?
【详解】
May I use your phone?(我可以用你的电话吗?)
礼貌请求许可,否定回答用 “No, you may not.” 或 “I’m afraid not.”。
其他请求句型:Can I borrow your pen? / Is it OK if I open the window?
【典例】
1. —______ I leave the room now?
—Yes, you may.
2. Can I use your dictionary? 我可以用你的字典吗?
= ______ I use your dictionary?
【参考答案】1. May 2. May
【考点7】Would you come in and wait for her at my home? 你能进来我家等她吗?
【详解】
1.Would you...?(你愿意…… 吗?)
用法:礼貌提出邀请或建议,比 “Will you...?” 更委婉。还可以说Would you like to...?
回答:肯定回答用 “Yes, I’d love to.”,否定回答用 “I’d love to, but...”。
2.wait for sb.(等待某人)
搭配:wait for sb. to do sth.(等待某人做某事)
例句:We’re waiting for the teacher to arrive.
【典例】
1. 你愿意和我们一起参加社区活动吗?
______________________________________
2. They are waiting ______ the bus at the stop.
A. for B. to C. with
【参考答案】1.Would you like to join the community activity with us? 2.A
【考点8】That’s very kind of you. 你真是太好了。
【详解】
That’s very kind of you.(你真好。),用于感谢对方的帮助或提议。
同义表达:It’s very nice of you. / Thank you for your kindness.
【典例】
1. —I’ll help you clean the room.
—______ very kind of you.
2. 你主动帮我复习功课,真是太好了。
_____________________________________
【参考答案】1.That’s 2.It’s very kind of you to help me review my lessons.
【考点9】Thank you very much for your help. 非常感谢你的帮助。
【详解】
Thank you for...(因…… 感谢你)
用法:后接名词或动名词。
例句:Thank you for coming. / Thank you for your advice.
【典例】
1.Thank you for ________ (help) me with my homework.
2.Thanks for your support. 感谢你的支持。
= Thank you ________ ________ me.
【参考答案】1.helping 2.for supporting
【考点10】During the summer holiday, Wang Junfeng went to a summer school in Chicago. 暑假期间,王俊峰去芝加哥参加了暑期学校。
【详解】
1. 时间状语结构:
一般过去时标志词:during the summer holiday(时间状语)
同类结构:last week/yesterday + 过去式动词
易错点:went(go的过去式)不规则变化
2. 地点介词辨析:
in + 大城市(Chicago)
at + 小地点(at the station)
【典例】
1. Lucy ______ (go) to London last month.
2. He arrived ______ Beijing ______ a rainy day.
A. in; on B. at; in C. on; at
3. 翻译:去年夏天我参加了游泳俱乐部。(take part in)
_________________________________________
【参考答案】1. went 2.A 3.I took part in a swimming club last summer.
【考点11】 He arrived on a sunny day and got a warm welcome from his American host family. 他在一个晴天到达,并受到美国家庭的热烈欢迎。
【详解】
1. 日期介词规则:
on + 具体某天(on Monday/on a rainy day)
易错:in the morning但on Monday morning
2. "get+名词"结构:
get a welcome 受到欢迎
get permission 获得许可
get attention 引起注意
3. 形容词修饰顺序:
warm welcome(观点形容词+名词)→ 不可说warmly welcome(副词错误修饰名词)
4. host family 寄宿家庭
【典例】
1. 改错:We had a party in a snow day → ______
2. 翻译:他得到了老师的表扬。(get...)
____________________________________________
3. She received a ______ (warm/warmly) hug.
【参考答案】1. in→on 2.He got praise from his teacher. 3.warm
【考点12】Most of the time, Wang Junfeng had classes in the morning and took part in different activities in the afternoon. 大多数时候,王俊峰上午上课,下午参加各种活动。
【详解】
1. "most of the time"的特殊性:
作状语时无需介词:Most of the time we eat at home(对比:For most of the day)
2. 活动类动词短语对比:
take part in 活动/比赛
join 组织/团队
attend 会议/课程
【典例】
1. 重组句子:in / activities / the / took / they / part / afternoon / .
2. My brother wants to ______ the chess competition.
A. join B. attend C. take part in
【参考答案】1. They took part in the activities in the afternoon. 2. C
【考点13】Years ago, my community was very old and crowded. Now, my community looks very beautiful. 多年前我的社区又旧又拥挤。现在我的社区看起来非常漂亮。
【详解】
1. 今昔对比结构:
Years ago 一般过去时 描述过去状态
Now 一般现在时 说明现状
2. 感官动词look的用法:
look + adj.(表状态):look beautiful/tired 看起来美丽/疲惫
对比:look at + 名词(动作):look at the picture 看这张图片
【典例】
1.用years ago/now填空:
____________ there was a small park here. ____________ it becomes a shopping mall.
2.The soup ______ delicious. Let me taste it.
A. looks B. looks at C. sees
【参考答案】1. Years ago; Now 2. A
【考点14】Mr. Wang helped them carry boxes to their house. Mrs. Wang brought them some dishes. 王先生帮他们搬箱子到家里。王太太给他们带了些菜肴。
【详解】
1. help的复合结构:help sb (to) do(中考高频考点,to可省略)
→ helped carry = helped to carry
2. 携带类动词对比:
bring 带来 bring sth to sb
take 带走 take sth from sb
【典例】
1. 改写句子:She helped me clean the room.
→ She helped me ____________ the room.
2. Please ______ the book to the library.
A. bring B. take C. carry
3.翻译:你能帮我拿这些袋子吗?(help...carry)
__________________________________
【参考答案】1.to clean 2.B 3.Can you help me carry these bags?
【考点15】Miss Gao showed Mrs. Zhao the way to the school. 高老师给赵太太指了去学校的路。
【详解】
1. 双宾语结构:show sb sth = show sth to sb
→ showed her the way = showed the way to her
2.固定搭配:the way to + 地点(不可用for)
the answer to the question(同类结构)
3.职业身份提示:
teacher → 自然关联school(逻辑推理考点)
【典例】
1.同义句转换:Show me your ticket.
→ Show __________ __________ __________ __________.
2. 填空:This is the way ______ the museum.
3.根据职业补全:
Dr. Li is a __________________, so he works in the hospital.
【参考答案】1.your ticket to me 2.to 3.doctor
【考点16】Last Sunday, we held a welcome party for the Zhaos in the community center.上周日,我们在社区中心为赵家举办了欢迎会。
【详解】
1. 举办活动动词:
hold a party/meeting(正式举办)
have a party(非正式)
2.地点介词精准使用:
in the center(在内部)
at the center(在中心地点)
3.时态呼应:
Last Sunday → 一般过去时(held)
【典例】
1. We _________ (have) a sports meeting in the stadium yesterday.
2. The concert will be held _________ the city hall.
A. at B. in C. on
【参考答案】1.had 2.A
【考点17】My bike is red, and hers is black. 我的自行车是红色的,她的是黑色的。
【详解】
1.物主代词分类:
形容词性物主代词→限定性(Determinative)→修饰名词 →my/your/their...
名词性物主代词→名词性(Nominal)→独立使用→mine/yours/theirs...
2. 使用规则:
名词性物主代词 = 限定性物主代词 + 名词
→ hers = her bike
→ ours = our community
【典例】
1.This isn't __________ (their/theirs) car. ________ (Their/Theirs) is over there.
2.改错:The blue pen is my. → ____________
3.翻译:这些书是我们的,那些是他们的。
_________________________________________
【参考答案】1. their; Theirs 2.my → mine 3.These books are ours, and those are theirs.
【考点18】 We grew lovely vegetables and beautiful flowers. 我们种植了可爱的蔬菜和美丽的花朵。
【详解】
1.规则动词变化:
一般情况 +ed plant → planted
e结尾 +d live → lived
辅+y结尾 y→i+ed carry → carried
2. 时态标志词:
last weekend/yesterday + 过去式
【典例】
1. 写出过去式:sweep → ______, water → ______
2. They ______ (collect) money for charity last month.
3. 改错:She cutted the paper into shapes. → ______
【参考答案】1.swept; watered 2.collected 3.cutted → cut
【考点19】Did you take part in other activities? 你们参加了其他活动吗?
【详解】
1. 一般疑问句结构:
Did + 主语 + 动词原形?
→ Yes, 主语 did./No, 主语 didn't.
2. 特殊疑问句结构:
What/Where/Who + did + 主语 + do?
→ What did people do?
【典例】
1. 改写疑问句:They planted trees.
→ ______ they ______ trees?
2.回答:Did you clean the park?
→ Yes, ______.
3. 翻译:上周日你们在社区中心做了什么?
________________________________________________
【参考答案】
1.Did; plant
2.I did
3.What did you do at the community center last Sunday?
【考点20】Kangkang took part in a running race to collect money for the old people. 康康参加了为老年人筹款的跑步比赛。
【详解】
1.目的状语结构:
to do表目的 → to collect money(不定式作目的状语)
for + 受益对象 → for the old people
常考易错点:
误用介词:collect money to the old people(×)→ for(√)
2.collect money 近义表达:raise money 筹钱
【典例】
1. 用正确介词填空:We raised money ___________ the homeless.
2. She will ______ the speech contest next week.
A. join B. take part in C. attend
3. 改错:They took part the charity sale yesterday. → _________________________________________
【参考答案】
1.for
2.B
3.加介词:took part in
【考点21】He learnt about the event on the community website. 他通过社区网站了解到这个活动。
【详解】
1.信息渠道介词搭配:
渠道 介词 示例
网站 on on the website
海报 from from a poster
朋友 through through friends
2.动词learn的拓展:
learn about(了解)
learn from(向...学习)
3.常考易错点:
介词误用:in the website(×)→ on(√)
动词混淆:knew the event(×)→ learnt about(√)
【典例】
1. I heard the news ______ the radio.
A. on B. in C. through
2. 翻译:我们从老师那里得知了比赛信息。
We _________ _________ the competition _________ our teacher.
3. 改错:She knew the concert from WeChat. → _________
【参考答案】
1.A
2.We learnt about the competition from our teacher.
3.knew → learnt
【考点22】On March 5th, Lei Feng Day, I volunteered at a nursing home.
在3月5日雷锋日,我在养老院做志愿者。
【详解】
1.时间状语结构:
On + 具体日期:固定搭配(不可用in/at)
节日作同位语:双逗号隔开补充说明日期
易错点:误用介词(× In March 5th → √ On March 5th)
2. 写作应用:正确格式:On [日期], [节日名称], [主句]
示例:On December 25th, Christmas Day, we held a party.
3. a nursing home 敬老院
【典例】
1.改错:We had a meeting in March 3rd. → ____________
2.翻译:在2024年5月1日劳动节,我们去了公园。
___________________________________
3.填空:______ a rainy afternoon, they arrived ______ London.
【参考答案】
1.in → on
2.On May 1st, 2024, Labor Day, we went to the park.
3.On; in
【考点23】At first, we cleaned the windows and swept the floor, then we visited some elders. 首先我们擦窗户、扫地,然后去探望老人。
【详解】
1. 动作顺序表达:At first 起始动作→Then/Next 后续步骤→Finally 最终环节
2. 动词多样性:避免重复使用do: clean → sweep → visit → chat
【典例】
1. 排序动作链:① watered plants ② dug holes ③ planted trees → ________________
2. 用then连接句子:We cleaned the classroom. We decorated(装饰) the walls.
_______________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
1.②→③→①
2.We cleaned the classroom, then we decorated the walls.
【考点24】Helpers keep us safe / keep our community clean. 志愿者保障我们的安全/保持社区清洁。
【详解】
keep + 宾语 + 形容词:
keep + 对象 + 状态 “保持……” keep streets tidy 保持街道干净
keep + 对象 + from... “保护……免受……” keep children from danger 保护孩子们远离危险
【典例】
1.Volunteers help ____________ (we/us) recycle rubbish.
2. 改错:They keep the community safely. → ____________
【参考答案】
1.us
2.safely → safe
【考点25】Where did she learn about the activity? – On the community website. 她在哪里了解到这个活动?—社区网站。
【详解】
1.疑问词搭配:
What 具体事物/活动
Where 地点(website/poster)
When 时间(last month/at 3pm)
2.信息渠道表达:
渠道 介词
网站 on the website
公告栏 from the notice board
口口相传 through neighbors
【典例】
1.补全问题:__________ did she start volunteering? – Three years ago.
2.翻译:你通过什么方式得知环保活动的?
__________ did you __________ __________ the environmental activity?
3.改错:Where she learned about the event? → __________
【参考答案】
1.When
2.How did you learn about the environmental activity?
3.Where did she learn...
【语法点1】Possessive pronouns 物主代词
【点拨】
物主代词用于表示所有关系,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两类。以下是它们的分类、用法及常见易错点解析:
一、形容词性物主代词(Possessive Adjectives)
形式:
单数:my(我的), your(你的), his(他的), her(她的), its(它的)
复数:our(我们的), your(你们的), their(他们的)
用法:必须修饰名词,不能单独使用。
例句:
This is my book. (这是我的书。)
Her cat is sleeping. (她的猫在睡觉。)
Their teacher is very kind. (他们的老师很友善。)
易错点:
❌ 错误:This is mine book.
✅ 正确:This is my book.
二、名词性物主代词(Possessive Pronouns)
形式:
单数:mine(我的), yours(你的), his(他的), hers(她的), its(它的)
复数:ours(我们的), yours(你们的), theirs(他们的)
用法:可以独立使用,无需接名词。
例句:
The red bag is mine. (红色的包是我的。)
Is this pen yours? (这支钢笔是你的吗?)
The house on the hill is theirs. (山上的房子是他们的。)
易错点:
❌ 错误:This is my.
✅ 正确:This is mine.
三、形容词性与名词性物主代词对比
类型 例句(形容词性) 例句(名词性)
第一人称单数(我) This is my pen. This pen is mine.
第二人称单数(你) Is this your bag? The bag is yours.
第三人称单数(他) His bike is blue. The blue bike is his.
易错点:
its 与it’s
its(形容词性物主代词):The dog wagged its tail. (狗摇了摇它的尾巴。)
it’s(缩写)= it is / it has:It’s raining. (下雨了。)
【典例】
1. 用形容词性物主代词填空:
This is ______ (I) notebook. → my
______ (He) sister is a doctor. → His
They lost ______ (they) keys. → their
2. 用名词性物主代词填空:
The blue car is ______ (we). → ours
Is this phone ______ (you)? → yours
The cookies on the table are ______ (she). → hers
3. 改错:
This is mines pencil. → ________________________
答案:This is my pencil.
The book is your. → ________________________
答案:The book is yours.
Its raining outside. → ________________________
答案:It’s raining outside.
【语法点2】The simple past tense (II) 一般过去时(II)
【点拨】
be动词与实义动词的句式变化(一般疑问句、特殊疑问句)
一、be动词的一般过去时句式变化
形式:
肯定句:主语 + was/were + 其他。
否定句:主语 + was/were not + 其他。
一般疑问句:Was/Were + 主语 + 其他?
回答:Yes, 主语 + was/were. / No, 主语 + wasn’t/weren’t.
例句:
肯定句:She was at home yesterday. (她昨天在家。)
否定句:They were not (weren’t) happy. (他们不开心。)
一般疑问句:Were you late for school? (你上学迟到了吗?)
→ Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t.
特殊疑问句:
结构:疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 其他?
例:
Where was your brother last night? (你弟弟昨晚在哪里?)
Why were they angry? (他们为什么生气?)
二、实义动词的一般过去时句式变化
形式:
肯定句:主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他。
否定句:主语 + did not (didn’t) + 动词原形 + 其他。
一般疑问句:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
回答:Yes, 主语 + did. / No, 主语 + didn’t.
例句:
肯定句:He played basketball yesterday. (他昨天打篮球了。)
否定句:I didn’t watch TV last night. (我昨晚没看电视。)
一般疑问句:Did she clean her room? (她打扫房间了吗?)
→ Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t.
特殊疑问句:
结构:疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
例:
What did you do last weekend? (你上周末做了什么?)
Where did they go on holiday? (他们假期去了哪里?)
三、be动词 vs. 实义动词的疑问句对比
类型 be动词疑问句 实义动词疑问句
一般疑问句 Were you tired? Did you finish your homework?
特殊疑问句 Why was the door open? Where did they buy the cake?
注意:
be动词疑问句不需要助动词did,直接提前was/were。
实义动词疑问句必须用助动词did,且动词恢复原形。
四、常见错误与纠正
错误混淆be动词与实义动词:
❌ Did you was at home? → Were you at home?
❌ Was she played football? → Did she play football?
忘记动词恢复原形:
❌ Did you went to the park? → Did you go to the park?
【典例】
1. 将以下句子改为一般疑问句:
She was a teacher 5 years ago.
→ _________________________________
答案:Was she a teacher 5 years ago?
They visited the museum.
→ _________________________________
答案:Did they visit the museum?
2. 对划线部分提问:
Tom watched a movie last night.
→ _________________________________
答案:What did Tom do last night?
The keys were on the table.
→ _________________________________
答案:Where were the keys?
3. 改错:
Did he was happy yesterday?
→ _________________________________
答案:Was he happy yesterday?
Where did she went?
→ _________________________________
答案:Where did she go?
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