专题09 阅读理解之议论文15篇（浙江中考真题+中考模拟）-2025年中考英语逆袭冲刺中考模拟真题速递(浙江专用)

专题09 阅读理解之议论文15篇 (浙江中考真题+中考模拟) 浙江中考真题练 （2023·浙江·中考真题）Roger Federer, a world-famous sports star, quit(放弃) the 2020 Olympic Games to deal with his knee problem. It was a hard decision because no one wanted to be a quitter. But finding the courage to let go can be good for you. Nothing is fun all the time. Sticking at something difficult teaches us important skills like perseverance(毅力). However, learning to let go when things aren’t right is important too. Maybe your heart isn’t in playing the piano any more, or you only play football because your friends do and you want to try a different sport instead. Making the decision to walk away can free up time and energy to spend on something you really enjoy. In fact, studies show that letting go of goals you can’t reach, or don’t really want, can build up your confidence and help you lead a happier and healthier life. But how can you know it’s time to stop and move on? Eric Bean is an expert in sports psychology(心理学) who helps athletes and teams understand their feelings. He says, “Quitting is never a matter of black and white.” He suggests thinking carefully about why you aren’t enjoying something any more. Is it because you’ve argued with a teammate or can’t get on with a new art teacher? Talk about this with a trusted adult or friend. That can help you decide whether you should stay and stick, or quit and move on. Quitting doesn’t have to mean totally giving up, though. For example, playing an instrument might be more fun if you take away the pressure of exams. If you do decide to give up an activity, Bean suggests picking up another where you can still enjoy things like teamwork, creativity, and exercise. 1．The writer mentions “Roger Federer” in Paragraph 1 to show that ________. A．we should never give up B．we should get away from trouble C．it’s all right to stop and quit D．it’s difficult to win Olympic medals 2．According to Paragraph 2, learning to let go is important because we can ________. A．learn about perseverance B．have enough money to spend C．live a busier and fuller life D．feel more confident in ourselves 3．By saying the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3, Eric Bean means that ________. A．it’s not good to stick at things we don’t like B．we should think twice before quitting an activity C．we don’t have to take exams to show our true abilities D．it’s wiser to pick up a new hobby than to keep the old one 4．Which could be the best title for the passage? A．Knowing When to Stop B．Working Hard to Move on C．Learning How to Grow up D．Starting Early to Make Changes 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了人们应该知道何时停止。 1．推理判断题。根据“But finding the courage to let go can be good for you.”以及“In fact, studies show that letting go of goals you can’t reach, or don’t really want, can build up your confidence and help you lead a happier and healthier life.”可知，以“Roger Federer”为例是为了说明有时放弃也是好的，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“In fact, studies show that letting go of goals you can’t reach, or don’t really want, can build up your confidence and help you lead a happier and healthier life.”可知，放弃你无法达到的目标，或者你不想要的目标，可以建立你的信心，帮助你过上更快乐、更健康的生活。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“He suggests thinking carefully about why you aren’t enjoying something any more.”可知，他建议仔细思考为什么不再享受某件事，也就是建议人们三思而行，故选B。 4．最佳标题题。根据“Quitting doesn’t have to mean totally giving up, though.”和“But how can you know it’s time to stop and move on?”可知，本文主要讲述了人们应该知道何时停止，故选A。 浙江中考模拟真题练 （2025·浙江绍兴·模拟预测）Many people like going on holiday. It’s a good chance to relax, visit new places and see new things. But while planning a trip, you have to decide whether you want to travel with family or friends, or just alone. Traveling with family can be very cheap or even free, if parents pay. However, there may be many arguments. One friend told me that both she and her sister were in tears after arguing on holiday. In my own family, Dad always wants to go to a museum. Mom would like to stay in the hotel. My sister likes to buy clothes. As for me, the coffee shop is a great place. Traveling with friends would be fun. When you are traveling with friends, you do more different things than you do with family. It is a way to strengthen a friendship. You can learn more about your friends. You can become closer to each other. But money always plays an important role if you go on holiday with your friends. It is normal for you to have different budgets (预算). Besides, there is also a lot of compromise (妥协) while you’re planning where to stay and what to eat. When it comes to choosing whom to travel with, there is another choice: Traveling alone. Traveling alone has advantages (优点) over traveling with other people. For example, you do not have to compromise on your budget. You can choose what you want to do, and it’s easier for you to make new friends. ▲ Sometimes you may feel lonely and bored. And, when you want to go to the toilet at the bus station or airport, there is nobody to look after your things. 1．What decision do you have to make while you are planning a trip? A．Where to stay. B．What to eat. C．How to go. D．Who to go with. 2．What does the writer’s sister usually like to do during her trip? A．Go shopping. B．Stay in the hotel. C．Visit the museum. D．Relax in the café. 3．What does the underlined word “strengthen” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Test. B．Improve. C．End. D．Study. 4．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．Children are too young to travel alone. B．Here are some tips for traveling alone. C．Of course, traveling alone is not always good. D．If you travel alone, you must look after yourself. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要探讨了在计划旅行时，人们需要决定是与家人、朋友一起旅行还是独自旅行，并分别阐述了这三种旅行方式的优缺点。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“But while planning a trip, you have to decide whether you want to travel with family or friends, or just alone.”可知，在计划旅行时，你必须决定和谁一起去旅行。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“My sister likes to buy clothes.”可知，作者的姐姐在旅行中通常喜欢去购物。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据第三段“You can learn more about your friends. You can become closer to each other.”可知，和朋友一起旅行可以更多地了解朋友，彼此变得更亲近。由此可推测“strengthen a friendship”意为“增进友谊”，strengthen意思与improve“改善，增进”相近。test“测试”； end“结束”；study“学习，研究”都不符合题目要求，故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据空格后的“Sometimes you may feel lonely and bored. And, when you want to go to the toilet at the bus station or airport, there is nobody to look after your things.”可知，这里说的是独自旅行的一些不好的方面。C选项“当然，独自旅行并不总是好的”能引出下文独自旅行的弊端，符合语境。故选C。 （24-25九年级·浙江温州·阶段练习）Think about a remote control. Something so simple in function is seemingly capable of invisible magic to most of us. Only those with an engineering and electronics background probably have any real idea of why a remote control works. The rest of us just assume it should. And the longer a given technology exists, the more we take it for granted. Consider for a moment a split screen showing modern remote control users versus the first remote control users: the original users would be carefully aiming the remote directly at the television, reading the names of the buttons to find the right one, and intentionally pressing the button with a force that adds nothing to the effectiveness of the device. The modern users would be leaning on a sofa, pointing the remote any which way, and instinctively feeling for the button they desired, intuiting (凭直觉知道) its size, shape, and position on the remote. Humans are known for being handy with tools, so it is no surprise that we get so comfortable with our technology. However, as we become increasingly comfortable with how to use new technologies, we become less aware of how they work. Most people who use modern technology know nothing of its underlying science. They have spent neither mental nor financial resources on its development. And yet, rather than be humbled by its originality, we consumers often become unfairly demanding of what our technology should do for us. Many of the landmark inventions of the twentieth century followed predictable tracks: initial versions of each technology (television, video games, computers, cell phones, etc.) succeeded in impressing the general public. Then, these wonderful new inventions quickly became commonplace. Soon, the focus of consumer attitudes towards them changed from gratitude with respect to discriminating preference. Televisions needed to be bigger and have a higher resolution. Video games needed to be more realistic. Computers needed to be more powerful yet smaller in size. Cell phones needed to be smaller yet capable of performing other tasks such as taking pictures, accessing the Internet, and even playing movies. For children of the last twenty years born into this modern life, these technological marvels seem like elements of the periodic table: a given ingredient that is simply part of the universe. Younger generations don’t even try to imagine life without modern conveniences. They do not appreciate the unprecedented (史无前例的) technology that is in their possession; rather, they complain about the ways in which it fails to live up to ideal expectations. “My digital video recorder at home doesn’t allow me to program it from my computer at work.” “It’s taking too long for this interactive map to display on my portable GPS”. If it sounds as though we’re never satisfied, we aren’t. Of course, our complaints do actually motivate engineers to continually refine their products. After all, at the root of our tool-making instinct is the notion that “there must be a better way.” Thus, the shortcomings of any current version of technology are pinned on the limitations of its designers, and the expectation is that someone, somewhere is working on how to make the existing product even better. 1．The second paragraph is used to illustrate the idea that ________. A．modern humans do not pay enough attention to instructions B．remote controls have become far more effective over the years C．consumer behavior toward new forms of technology changes over time D．the first consumers of new technology used new devices with ease and comfort 2．The passage states that original users of remote controls likely did all of the following EXCEPT ________. A．aim the remote directly at the television B．feel instinctively for the desired button C．read the names of the buttons carefully D．use more strength pressing the button than is necessary 3．The author uses the underlined statement in Paragraph 6 most nearly to mean that ________ A．space exploration gives us most of our technology B．children learn technology while they learn chemistry C．consumers complain when modern conveniences break down D．consumers regard many technological inventions as unremarkable 4．The principal tone of the passage can best be described as ________. A．critical B．sympathetic C．frightened D．satisfied 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者认为一项技术存在的时间越长，人们就越认为它是理所当然的。批判人们对技术奇迹司空见惯，而且带有歧视性的追求态度，人们似乎永远都不会满足。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“And the longer a given technology exists, the more we take it for granted.”和第二段内容可知，消费者对现有的技术认为是理所当然的，因此第二段是用来说明“消费者对新技术形式的行为会随着时间的推移而改变”这一观点。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Consider for a moment a split screen showing modern remote control users versus the first remote control users: the original users would be carefully aiming the remote directly at the television, reading the names of the buttons to find the right one, and intentionally pressing the button with a force that adds nothing to the effectiveness of the device.”可知，最初使用遥控器的人可能做了把遥控器直接对准电视、仔细读按钮的名字以及按下按钮时要用力过大这些事情，再根据“The modern users would...and instinctively feeling for the button they desired”可知，B选项“本能地感受想要的按钮”是现代的用户做出的行为。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据上文“For children of the last twenty years born into this modern life”以及画线句后文“a given ingredient that is simply part of the universe. Younger generations don’t even try to imagine life without modern conveniences.”可知消费者对这些技术奇迹变得司空见惯，甚至觉得这些技术发明并不引人注目。即画线句子意思是“消费者认为许多技术发明并不引人注目”。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“If it sounds as though we’re never satisfied, we aren’t.”和“And the longer a given technology exists, the more we take it for granted.”可知，作者认为消费者永远不会满足，认为一项技术存在的时间越长，人们就越认为它是理所当然的，因此这篇文章的主要语气可以用“批判性”来形容。故选A。 （2025·浙江湖州·一模）For more than 100 years, going to the cinema with friends and family to watch brand-new films has been a tradition that lots of people have loved. Not only is it a great experience to sit in comfortable seats and eat popcorn, but it’s a chance to watch the latest films on the big screen. However, in recent years, some people have realised it’s easier and more convenient to watch films in their own home. What do you think? Are cinemas the best place to watch films? Yes—it’s an amazing experience Going to the cinema is a really fun activity to enjoy with friends and family. It’s a chance to leave the house, enjoy a film with other people, and even eat some delicious popcorn. Also, ________. The big screen and surround sound help you lose yourself in a film easily. Lots of films are specially made for the cinema and don’t feel the same on a TV or laptop. At home, distractions (分心) like stopping for a drink can make the experience bad. The cinema feels special and lets you truly enjoy the movie. No—they’re too expensive It can cost a lot of money to go to the cinema, especially when the whole family is going together. People don’t just have to pay for tickets but snacks and drinks too. Most popular films usually stay in the cinemas for around four weeks, and sometimes it doesn’t take long before they’re available on streaming (流媒体) services. There’s no need to see films at the cinema if they’ll be available to watch at home in a month or two. Streaming films is much easier too, because people have more control over when they watch the film and can pause (暂停) it whenever they like. 1．What has been a tradition loved by many people for over 100 years? A．Reading books in the library. B．Watching streaming films online. C．Going to the cinema with friends and family. D．Watching films at home with family members. 2．Which of the following can be put in the “________”? A．nothing is better than watching films at home B．nothing beats the experience of going to the cinema C．going to the cinema is the most expensive experience D．going to the cinema is just like watching movies at home 3．Which italic (斜体) word has the same meaning as the underlined word “available” in the last paragraph? A．Is the manager available for a meeting now? B．The information is available on the Internet. C．He’s afraid he isn’t available to help with the show. D．The problem is getting it all done in the time available. 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To explain the history of cinemas. B．To encourage more and more people to go to the cinema. C．To compare different kinds of films in cinemas and at home. D．To show different opinions towards cinema and home viewing. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要就电影院是否是看电影的最佳场所这一问题给出了两种不同的意见。 1．细节理解题。根据“For more than 100 years, going to the cinema with friends and family to watch brand-new films has been a tradition that lots of people have loved.”可知，100多年来，许多人喜爱的传统是和朋友和家人一起去看电影。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“Are cinemas the best place to watch films?”以及“Yes—it’s an amazing experience”可知，此处表示认为电影院是看电影的最佳场所，可推知，选项B“没有什么比去电影院的体验更好的了”符合语境。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Most popular films usually stay in the cinemas for around four weeks, and sometimes it doesn’t take long before they’re available on streaming (流媒体) services.”可知，大多数受欢迎的电影通常会在电影院上映四周左右，有时很快就会在流媒体服务上播放，所以划线部分的含义是“可获得的；可找到的”，根据选项可知，B项“这些信息可以在互联网上找到。”符合。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“What do you think? Are cinemas the best place to watch films?”、“Yes—it’s an amazing experience”以及“No—they’re too expensive”并通读全文可知，本文主要就电影院是否是看电影的最佳场所这一问题给出了两种不同的意见。故选D。 （2025·浙江·模拟预测）. “Let’s brainstorm together!” You might often hear your teachers ask you to have a group discussion to solve a problem. But is brainstorming really the best way to solve problems, especially creative ones? The Dutch company WeTransfer did a study of 20,000 people from 197 countries and regions. Most of these people work in creative jobs, such as writers, musicians and scientists. The results showed that brainstorming was often unhelpful for solving creative challenges. “It seems that while working together is important to bring an idea to life, it’s not very helpful for shaping ideas in the first place,” said Rob Alderson, WeTransfer’s editor-in-chief. If we give people enough time and space to think clearly, they can come up with better ideas, Alderson aded. Even Alex Osborn, the father of brainstorming, believed that spending time thinking alone was part of his own creative process. However, most companies don’t give their staff enough time and chances to prepare and develop their ideas on their own. Instead, they often hold too many meetings, which can hurt creativity. More than 40 percent of the people said meetings were harmful to good thinking. Spending time alone to think helps you come up with your own ideas and develop independent thinking. This is especially important when making decisions. Nearly 80 percent of the people in WeTransfer’s study said they trusted their own instincts (直觉) and research when deciding whether an idea was good. 1．What did WeTransfer’s research find out? A．People waste too much time brainstorming. B．Brainstorming brings creative people together. C．Brainstorming is needed to solve creative problems. D．Brainstorming isn’t very helpful for solving creative challenges. 2．Which idea might Alex Osborn agree with about coming up with good ideas? A．Working with others is important. B．Thinking on your own is helpful. C．Having discussions in meetings helps a lot. D．Asking for quick answers leads to better ideas. 3．What problems do some companies have according to Paragraph 5? A．Most of their staff can’t speak up. B．They don’t give their staff enough time to think. C．They don’t know how to hold a creative meeting. D．They care too much about their staff’s creativity. 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Better ideas come from thinking alone B．Think twice before making a decision C．Find someone and share your idea D．Brainstorming develops creativity 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了头脑风暴在解决创造性问题时的有效性。文章引用了WeTransfer公司对20,000名来自197个国家和地区从事创意工作的人的研究结果，指出头脑风暴在形成创意时并不十分有效，而独立思考则更有助于产生好的想法。文章还提到，许多公司未能给予员工足够的时间和空间进行独立思考，反而通过过多的会议抑制了创造力。 1．细节理解题。根据“The results showed that brainstorming was often unhelpful for solving creative challenges.”可知研究结果表明，头脑风暴在解决创造性挑战时往往没有帮助。因此头脑风暴对解决创造性问题并不十分有效。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“Even Alex Osborn, the father of brainstorming, believed that spending time thinking alone was part of his own creative process.”可知即使是头脑风暴之父Alex Osborn也认为，花时间独立思考是他自己创作过程的一部分。因此Alex Osborn认为独立思考有助于产生好的想法。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“However, most companies don’t give their staff enough time and chances to prepare and develop their ideas on their own.”可知然而，大多数公司没有给予员工足够的时间和机会来独立准备和发展他们的想法。因此许多公司未能给予员工足够的时间进行独立思考。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。根据“But is brainstorming really the best way to solve problems, especially creative ones?”以及文章整体内容可知本文的最佳标题应突出独立思考的价值。故选A。 （2024·浙江绍兴·模拟预测）On social media platforms such as Xiaohongshu, we’re seeing more posts with the tag lines “I will listen” and “listen to me.” A puzzled person may have trouble deciding on where to go on a vacation, which restaurant offers the best seafood or whether Huawei’s Mate 60 is a better buy than the iPhone 15. Write a post titled “I will listen” and it’s likely that a warm-hearted person will quickly reply with a suggestion. Now, the problem is, should you follow the advice of a complete stranger? Is his or her advice true or is it just a personal opinion? Opinions, after all, are not facts—they are just personal judgments. Still, it’s important to take different voices into consideration. Whenever I buy something online, I always read the comments (评论) posted by the last customers. If there are too many negative comments, I probably won’t consider buying it. On the other hand, if all of the comments are unusually positive, my doubtful brain takes over and I think the seller may be using comments to increase the sale of the product. Apart from online business posts, other “listen-to-me” posts cause a more complex problem. In these posts, people are often giving advice on traps (陷阱) and problems that could trouble other people. Personal problems such as relationships, job choices and even mental health are among the most common topics. Their suggestions may be truthful, but they don’t necessarily fit in with the special situation of others. For these big “topics”, it’s better to talk to friends, families, teachers and professional experts. Those people who are close to you know and care about you and will stay by your side, unlike an online poster you may never hear from again. The Internet is like a great “shop” for getting and exchanging information. But, as with any shop, let the buyer be more careful. 1．What mainly influences our deciding on products online according to the passage? A．The sales of products. B．The opinions from customers. C．The names of companies. D．The posters of shops. 2．How does the writer show his ideas about online shopping in Paragraph 3? A．By explaining the results. B．By telling stories. C．By raising questions. D．By comparing differences. 3．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 probably refer to? A．Suggestions. B．Topics. C．Problems. D．Posts. 4．In the writer’s opinion, it’s best to ________ when we shop online. A．make decisions as the online posts suggest B．communicate with the people who stay by our side C．avoid sharing personal problems on the Internet D．collect different opinions from different customers 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章主要讨论了在社交媒体平台上听取陌生人建议的利弊，并强调了在面对重要问题时，应优先考虑与身边亲近的人沟通。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“Whenever I buy something online, I always read the comments (评论) posted by the last customers.”（每当我在网上购买东西时，我总是会查看之前的顾客所发布的评论。）可知，作者在决定是否购买产品时，主要参考的是其他顾客的评论。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文中“If there are too many negative comments, I probably won’t consider buying it. On the other hand, if all of the comments are unusually positive, my doubtful brain takes over and I think the seller may be using comments to increase the sale of the product.”（如果负面评论太多，我很可能就不会考虑购买这件商品了。另一方面，如果所有评论都异乎寻常地积极正面，我就会心生疑虑，觉得卖家可能是在利用这些评论来提高产品的销量。） 可知，作者通过对比不同评论的情况来表达他对在线购物的看法。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据文中“Their suggestions may be truthful, but they don’t necessarily fit in with the special situation of others.” （他们的建议可能是中肯合理的，但they不一定适合其他人的特殊情况。）可知，此处的“they”指的是“suggestions”。故选A。 4．观点态度题。根据文中“For these big ‘topics’, it’s better to talk to friends, families, teachers and professional experts.”（对于这些重大“话题” 而言，最好与朋友、家人、老师以及专业人士聊一聊。） 可知，作者认为最好与身边亲近的人沟通。故选B。 （2025·浙江温州·模拟预测）。 People today are familiar with words, such as “going eco-friendly” and “sustainable lifestyle (可持续生活方式)”. Many people join “The Green Movement” and take nature-friendly lifestyles. However, there’s still a group of people who believe that going eco-friendly is only a short-term fashion and it isn’t going to last long. Many environmental organisations can prove that going eco-friendly is not only a fashion that lasts for a few months but a trend (趋势). These organisations pay close attention to different green causes and hold activities to increase people’s awareness on environmental problems. The use of sustainable products like bamboo straws and electric cars is another evidence to show going eco-friendly isn’t a show. The customers are willing to buy such products, and more and more companies invest (投资) money in the production. Starbucks gives their customers discounts if they bring their own bottles for drinks. The efforts that are made by companies and customers show a change in the attitudes of people towards taking a sustainable lifestyle. Meanwhile, some other people hold the view that people who take eco-friendly methods just want to improve their own image. They won’t keep the lifestyle for a long time. For example, some people post videos on the Internet and pretend they live in a zero-waste life. However, going eco-friendly isn’t a kind of fashion or a way to get others’ attention. For those who follow their zero-waste lifestyles over years, it’s about a promise that can only come with a true change in attitudes towards caring for the earth. What’s worse, some customers go eco-friendly only because they think it’s popular. Today, buying recycled clothes is highly encouraged. It’s common to walk past the shops that claim to sell clothing made from recycled materials. However, many companies use only a small number of recycled materials, as low as 1%, to make their “eco-friendly” clothes. A lot of customers are cheated by the advertisements of such big companies. All of these suggest that going eco-friendly is all about looking the part, and nothing more. The call to save the earth seems to remain for a while. It’s hoped that all the efforts for environmental protection will go a long way so that our future generations can have a better living environment. 1．What might be the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 2．What can people do to have a sustainable lifestyle? A．Change the attitude towards the fast food. B．Collect evidence about going eco-friendly. C．Take their own bottles when they buy drinks. D．Record daily lives and post videos on the Internet. 3．What does the writer mean by the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5? A．Customers need to learn more ways of going eco-friendly. B．People have to change the attitudes towards recycled clothes. C．Some people don’t take going eco-friendly as a long-term lifestyle. D．More activities should be held by big companies to save the world. 4．Which of the following can best express the message (启示) of the passage? A．Solve different problems in different ways. B．Protecting the nature is protecting ourselves. C．Be careful of the information from the media. D．Saving the earth needs every effort all the time. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。章主要论述了关于“环保”存在两种观点，一种认为是长期趋势，一种觉得是短期时尚，通过列举不同方面的事例展开讨论，最后呼吁环保需持续努力。 1．篇章结构题。文章第一段提出有两种观点，一种认为环保是长期趋势，一种认为是短期时尚；第二段阐述环保是趋势的证据；第三段又提及有人认为环保只是改善自身形象，不会长久；第四段强调环保不是时尚或博关注；第五段指出一些公司在环保方面弄虚作假；最后一段呼吁环保需持续努力。总分总结构，先提出两种观点，中间分别论述，最后总结呼吁。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Starbucks gives their customers discounts if they bring their own bottles for drinks.”可知，人们买饮料时自带瓶子是一种可持续生活方式的做法。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据第五段划线句子“All of these suggest that going eco - friendly is all about looking the part, and nothing more.”结合前文提到一些公司在环保产品上弄虚作假，很多顾客被欺骗，说明有些人只是表面上环保，并非将环保作为长期生活方式。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。文章通过论述环保存在的各种现象，最后呼吁希望环保努力能长久，让后代有更好环境，即拯救地球需要一直努力。故选D。 （2024·浙江·模拟预测）I don’t agree with laws concerning ages of drinking alcohol (酒精), driving, and gambling in the United Sates. These laws about young people’s freedom don’t make sense and they are different from place to place. I think many should be changed. In 1984 the United States government passed a law that set the legal (合法的) age for drinking alcohol at 21. I don’t agree with this. I consider a person to be an adult at 18. I think 18 should be the legal drinking age. The legal voting (选举) age used to be 21, but now it is 18, and I hope it will gradually move even lower. Young people should be allowed to choose their leaders. I think anyone who wants to vote should be allowed to. The legal ages for driving and gambling don’t make sense, because they are different from place to place. In many states the driving age is 16, in others 15. The gambling age is 21 in Colorado, 18 in New York. I can’t understand the reasons for these variations. The legal age of marriage is 18, except for Nebraska where it is 19 and Mississippi where it is 21. In Iran, the age for men is 15 and women 13, while in Senegal it is 20 for men and 16 for women. I don’t understand why it is necessary to set an age at all. Finally, I think young people should work together to address the situation. Write to your leaders in the government and let them know how you feel! 1．This reading is mainly about ________. A．the ages at which various activities are allowed by law B．why many legal ages don’t make sense and should be changed C．how young people can lower the legal ages D．how different United States laws are from those of other countries 2．In the United States, different states have different legal ages for ________. A．voting B．drinking alcohol C．passing laws D．driving 3．For whom is the legal age of marriage the youngest? A．Men in Mississippi. B．Women in Senegal. C．Women in Iran. D．Women in Nebraska. 4．From the passage we can learn that ________. A．legal ages are sometimes changed B．leaders never listen to young people C．all countries have the same legal ages D．the reasons for legal ages are easy to understand 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了有些法律条文限制对年龄的限制没有意义，作者呼吁年轻人要团结起来共同解决这一问题。 1．主旨大意题。阅读全文，本文主要讲了为什么许多法定年龄没有意义，应该修改。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“The legal ages for driving and gambling don’t make sense, because they are different from place to place.”可知驾驶和赌博的法定年龄并不合理，因为不同的地方有不同的规定。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段“In Iran, the age for men is 15 and women 13”可知在伊朗，男性15岁可以结婚，女性13岁可以结婚。因此法定结婚年龄最低的是伊朗女性。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段“The legal voting (选举) age used to be 21, but now it is 18”可知法定选举年龄过去是21岁，现在是18岁。由此推断，法定年龄有时会改变。故选A。 （2023·浙江宁波·一模）Who made decisions for you when you were a kid? Yes, your parents. As a kid, your parents made decisions about everything from the breakfast you had in the morning to the pajamas (睡衣) you wore at night.And it’s a good thing because kids are not old enough to take care of themselves and make careful decisions on their own. But finally, kids grow up and become teens. And part of being a teen is developing your own identity (身份) —one that is separate from your parents. It’s totally normal for teens to create their own opinions, thoughts, and values about life. It’s what prepares them for adulthood . But as you change and grow into this new person, your parents may have difficulties adjusting (调整).They aren’t used to the new you yet一they only know you as a kid. In most families, this kind of change can cause a lot of fights between teens and parents. You want to cover your walls with posters. They don’t understand why you don’t like your Kiddie wallpaper anymore.You think it’s OK to hang out at them all everyday after school, while they would rather you play a sport. Clashes like these are very common between teens and parents. Teens get angry because they feel parents don’t respect them and aren’t giving them space to do what they like, and parents get angry because they disagree with the teen’s decisions. The basic reason is that your parents will always try to protect you and keep you safe, no matter how old you are. 1．When kids develop their own identity, they may _______. A．make careful decisions alone B．stop depending on their parents C．decide all things just by their parents D．have their own ideas and values 2．The underlined word “Clashes” in Paragraph 4 means “______” A．choices B．praises C．fights D．discussions 3．The last paragraph mainly talks about _______. A．the decisions that teens and parents make B．the reasons why teens and parents fight C．the choices that teens and parents make D．the changes that teens and parents have 4．Which of the following might be the writer's opinion? A．Parents have the right to control their kids’ life. B．Parents should let their kids make decisions by themselves . C．Kids and the parents should understand and respect each other. D．Kids should be allowed to have enough space to do what they like. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要分析了青少年成长的心理变化以及和父母之间争斗的原因，最后建议青少年和父母之间应该互相理解和尊重。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“And part of being a teen is developing your own identity (身份) —one that is separate from your parents. It’s totally normal for teens to create their own opinions, thoughts, and values about life.”可知，当孩子们形成自己的身份时，青少年会形成自己的身份，包括自己的观点、想法和价值观。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段“You think it’s OK to hang out at them all everyday after school, while they would rather you play a sport. Clashes like these are very common between teens and parents.”可知，你觉得每天放学后和他们一起出去玩很好，而他们却宁愿你参加一项运动。像这样的冲突在青少年和父母之间很常见。故划线单词“Clashes”意为“冲突”，与fights意思相近。故选C。 3．段落大意题。根据最后一段可知，本段主要描述了家长和青少年之间争执的原因是因为他们有不同的观点和期望，并且父母想要保护孩子。故选B。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文建议青少年和父母之间应该互相理解和尊重，以避免不必要的争执。这表明作者的观点是孩子和父母应该相互理解和尊重。故选C。 （2023·浙江·一模）An affirmation is a strong and positive statement (陈述) of something that is said as a fact. Statements you make to yourself, such as, “I’m a good dancer” or “I can’t draw”, are self-affirmations. They matter because you hear your own voice all the time. So if you tell yourself you’re good at something, you’re more likely to have a go. Affirmations can help you or they can hold you back. Maria Evans, a coach for young people, says everyone has a voice inside their head that tries to protect them from risks. “It can stop us from doing things that feel big but exciting, like trying out for the school play or the basketball team. You don’t try so you never know what you are able to do, making you feel regret,” Instead, using positive self-affirmations builds your confidence. Evans says, “The sooner you can start telling yourself positive things, the more enjoyable your life will be.” To make your affirmation, think about the positive way you want to be or feel. For example, you may want to be brave or feel you can improve at Math. Now put that in a sentence and say “I am brave” or “I can get better at Math”. Avoid using negative (消极的) words, because if you say “I don’t feel scared” your brain hears the word “scared”. By focusing (聚焦) on the positive, your brain hears what you want to feel. Also, if the affirmation is short and snappy it will be easier to remember. Grace, 15, shares her self-affirmation, “When I’m feeling down and I have to do something like a test, I know that it’s useful to try and turn that around by saying to myself, ‘I am filled with energy, I can do anything I put my mind to, I am capable.’” 1．Why are self-affirmations important to us according to Paragraph 1? A．They pass on secret messages. B．They are facts telling the truth. C．They have great influence on us. D．They help us get special abilities. 2．What does the underlined part “a voice inside their head” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．A kind word. B．A serious idea. C．A wrong statement. D．A negative affirmation. 3．Which of the following is the right way to make an affirmation? A．Try to use simple and positive words. B．Write down how you feel in a sentence. C．Pay attention to what you hear in your brain. D．Think about both the good and bad sides of an event. 4．What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage? A．To advise us to live an enjoyable life. B．To show us the power of positive thoughts. C．To encourage us to have a big dream for future. D．To teach us a useful way to change our feelings. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了自我肯定的积极意义。 1．推理判断题。根据“An affirmation is a strong and positive statement (陈述) of something that is said as a fact. Statements you make to yourself, such as, ‘I’m a good dancer’ or ‘I can’t draw’, are self-affirmations. They matter because you hear your own voice all the time. So if you tell yourself you’re good at something, you’re more likely to have a go.”可知，自我肯定的话语很重要，是因为你总是听见自己的声音，如果你告诉自己很擅长某个东西，你就可能去尝试，说明它们对我们的影响很大。 故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Maria Evans, a coach for young people, says everyone has a voice inside their head that tries to protect them from risks.”可知，这位年轻人的教练说道，每个人的头脑里都有一个声音，试图保护他们免受风险。因此a voice inside their head意为一种消极的肯定，即“a negative affirmation”。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Also, if the affirmation is short and snappy it will be easier to remember.”可知，简短和活泼的肯定话语更容易记住，说明要尽量使用简单积极的话语。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据“An affirmation is a strong and positive statement (陈述) of something that is said as a fact. Statements you make to yourself, such as, ‘I’m a good dancer’ or ‘I can’t draw’, are self-affirmations. They matter because you hear your own voice all the time. So if you tell yourself you’re good at something, you’re more likely to have a go.”可知，本文主要向我们展示积极思想的力量。故选B。 （24-25九年级上·浙江温州·期末）Which is more important in your mind, looking fashionable or feeling comfortable? You may find many people choose style over comfort and some even go to extremes (极端) to follow fashion. But we should remember: being fashionable isn’t everything. It’s more important to be healthy. Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So, they start extreme diets that are not good for their health. They might not eat meals or eat too little, which can make them feel sick. Is it a healthy way to live? Also, many girls wear shoes with very high heels (鞋跟). They might think high heels make them look taller. But these shoes can hurt their feet and make it hard to walk comfortably, and they can increase the risk of falls. Some even wear the clothes that influence blood circulation (循环) making it hard to breathe. Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health? Besides, some boys and girls spend a lot of time and money changing their hair colour. The material they use to change hair colours is usually harmful to their health. To make their hair straight or curly, they also use tools that are hot enough to burn their hair. But using these tools too often or at very high temperatures can make the hair dry or even burnt. Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money? So, let’s think again: what’s really important? Is it fashion or is it our well-being? Remember, health comes first. Instead of following extreme diets, let’s eat properly and exercise every day. And instead of spending a lot of time choosing clothes, we could use the time to do fun things with friends. Clothes or hairstyles don’t tell us anything about a person’s character. Your value is not decided by your appearance, but by who you are as a person. 1．Which is the reason for some people to go on extreme diets? A．They want to save time. B．They need to save money. C．They expect to look good. D．They hope to stay healthy. 2．Why does the writer ask a question in each paragraph? A．To ask for help from readers. B．To describe problems more clearly. C．To tell how to spend time and money. D．To lead readers to think about the topic. 3．What does the underlined word “well-being” mean in the last paragraph? A．Growth. B．Health. C．Warmth. D．Wealth. 4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Being yourself is important. B．Choosing clothes is amazing. C．Looking good is wonderful. D．Eating healthily is necessary. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要介绍了当今人们为了追求时尚过一种不健康的生活方式，个人的价值不是由你的外表决定的，而是由个人决定的，健康的生活才是最重要的。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So, they start extreme diets that are not good for their health.”可知，有些人为了看起来好看，开始了极端的饮食。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s more important to be healthy.”以及每一段的问题可知，作者提出这些问题是为了引导读者思考“健康更重要”这个主题。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Is it a healthy way to live?”第三段“Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health?”及第四段“Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money?”可知，作者提出的每个观点都是围绕“健康”和“时尚”哪一个更重要，所以well-being指的是“健康”。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“But we should remember: being fashionable isn’t everything. It’s more important to be healthy.”以及“Your value is not decided by your appearance, but by who you are as a person.”可知，个人的价值不是由你的外表决定的，而是由个人决定的，做自己很重要。故选A。 （24-25九年级上·浙江·期末）. Reshi completed a 12-page children’s book, Alice and Sparkle, with the help of a chatbot called ChatGPT. A chatbot is a computer program that uses artificial intelligence (AI) to imitate human thinking and writing. The book’s text was produced using it, and Reshi created illustrations (插图) using another AI program, Midjourney, which uses special computation (计算) rules to translate words into images. When Reshi posted the book online, it became very popular with children. Some people praised Reshi for being clever. However, not everyone was happy. Some artists criticized the book. They said the pictures were of poor quality, and more importantly, the way the pictures were made was a big problem. Midjourney works by searching through millions of images on the internet. It uses algorithms to find patterns in these images and make new ones. The problem is, Midjourney takes images from artists’ work without asking for permission. Some companies have already started using AI instead of human workers. For example, an AI robot told jokes at a comedy club instead of a person. The San Francisco Ballet also used AI-created images for advertising a ballet show called The Nutcracker. Many artists and writers are worried about their jobs. They fear that if AI can create art and writing for less money, people may not pay them for their work. Josephine, a journalist who makes money from writing, says, “I love writing, but it’s troubling to see people looking for cheaper choices instead of supporting real human writers.” There is a real concern about protecting the work of artists and writers who could have their creations used by AI programs. The technology industry that develops these tools should involve artists in the process of making them. 1．The passage is most likely to be taken from a ________. A．newspaper B．science fiction C．storybook D．travel guide 2．What does the underlined word “algorithms” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Creative ideas. B．Millions of pictures. C．Useful tools. D． Computation rules. 3．In Paragraph 4, the writer shows the popularity of using AI by ________. A．listing numbers B．giving examples C．making comparisons D．showing opinions 4．What’s the writer’s attitude towards Reshi’s event? A．Supportive. B．Uncaring. C．Critical. D．Changeable. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文讨论了艺术家和作家对使用人工智能（AI）程序创作作品的担忧，特别是在Reshi使用AI程序完成儿童读物《Alice and Sparkle》的情况下。AI创作引发了对创意作品被未经授权使用以及对艺术家和作家生计的威胁的担忧。 1．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讨论了AI技术对创作行业的影响，并引用了多方观点，这种讨论性及广泛受众的特点，符合报纸报道风格，故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Midjourney, which uses special computation (计算) rules to translate words into images.”可知， Midjourney，它使用特殊的计算规则将单词翻译成图像，结合“It uses algorithms to find patterns in these images and make new ones. ”可知，它就是用这种算法规则在这些图像中寻找模式，并制作新的图像，所以划线单词表示“运算规则”，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“For example, an AI robot told jokes at a comedy club instead of a person. The San Francisco Ballet also used AI-created images for advertising a ballet show called The Nutcracker.”可知，作者是通过举例说明的，故选B。 4．观点态度题。根据“There is a real concern about protecting the work of artists and writers who could have their creations used by AI programs. The technology industry that develops these tools should involve artists in the process of making them.”以及作者在文中提及一些艺术家的批评并指出了技术对艺术行业可能的威胁，可知，作者对Reshi事件有批评的态度。故选C。 （24-25九年级上·浙江绍兴·期末）Nature and culture are often seen as opposite ideas. What belongs to nature cannot be the result of human activities and, on the other hand, cultural development is achieved against nature. However, this is not the only opinion on the relationship between nature and culture. Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species. Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle against human nature. We are born with wild natures, such as eating and behaving in a disorganized way or acting selfishly. Education uses culture as a way to get us out of our widest natures; it is thanks to culture that the human species could learn to adapt, progress and raise itself above and beyond other species. Over the past century and a half, however, studies in the history of human development have shown that the formation of culture is part of the biological adaptation. Consider, for example, hunting. It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits. At the same time, the development of weapons is related to that adaptation—from rocks and stones to a set of hunting tools, and from hunting tools to rules relating to the proper use of weapons. Hunting also seems to be responsible for a whole set of bodily abilities, such as balancing on one foot. Just think of how this very simple thing is closely related to dance, a key expression of human culture. It is then clear that biological development and cultural development are closely tied. The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shell, so do we bring along our culture. However, culture is also passed on among people of the same times or among people belonging to different populations. We can learn how to make jiaozi even if we were born from Russian parents in Paris just as we can learn how to speak English even if none of our family or friends speaks that language. 1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly intended to tell readers? A．Nature teaches humans how to adapt to rules. B．Humans are supposed to be well organized. C．Culture pushes the human species to progress. D．Culture is part of the development of human nature. 2．Why does the writer take “hunting” for example? A．To show how culture develops as humans adapt to the environment. B．To underline the importance of tools in humans’ struggle for life. C．To suggest some possible ways of changing humans’ living habits. D．To explain why there is a need to call for the proper use of weapons. 3．According to the last paragraph, we know culture ________. A．should be valued B．can be developed C．should be respected D．can be spread 4．What is the writer’s opinion on the nature-culture relationship? A．Culture and nature are separate yet balanced. B．Nature and culture are different but connected. C．Culture depends much on nature to progress. D．Nature follows the unwritten rules set by culture. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。自然和文化常常被视为对立的观点，但是人类发展的研究表明，文化，无论是作为一种反对自然的努力还是自然的努力，都是人类物种发展的一部分。生物的发展和文化的发展是紧密相连的，文化的传播似乎与我们血液中的东西直接相关。 1．段落大意题。根据“Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle against human nature”和“it is thanks to culture that the human species could learn to adapt, progress and raise itself above and beyond other species” 可知，本段想告诉读者，教育利用文化帮助人类克服自身的原始天性，文化推动人类进步。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“Consider, for example, hunting. It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits”可推测，作者以“狩猎”为例是为了展示文化是如何随着人类对环境的适应而发展的。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood”及后段的例举可知，文化具有传播性，可以在不同的人群间传播。故选D。 4．观点态度题。根据“Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species” 可推测，作者认为自然和文化之间是对立且密切联系的。故选B。 （24-25九年级下·浙江宁波·开学考试）The Internet lets everyone share their ideas, seemingly creating a more open and colorful world. However, have you ever felt like you’re in your own small world? Everything you hear or see just makes you more sure of what you already think. In fact, most people are now in what is called an “echo chamber (回音室)”—also known as an information cocoon (信息营房)—a place where your own ideas keep coming back to you, and you don’t hear any different ones. This isn’t something new and it’s happening a lot more now. Echo chambers are like “rooms” on the internet where everyone agrees with you. Think about how people used to sit around a fire, telling stories that made everyone else all nod and smile. The internet is our modern-day fire. Social media platforms (平台) know exactly what we like. That’s thanks to very smart algorithms (算法). These algorithms watch what we do on the internet to show us more information that matches our interests. Being in an echo chamber makes us feel good. However, this can make our opinions and thinking very rigid (僵化的) and make it hard for us to understand people who think differently. Luckily, there are ways to break free from echo chambers. One big step is to challenge ourselves by looking for information from different sources (来源). Also, ask questions about where the information you’ve found comes from, double-check facts and be open-minded. 1．What does an “echo chamber” do to people? A．It sends different voices to people. B．It makes people look and think more widely. C．It helps people improve their ideas. D．It mirrors their beliefs and prevents new thoughts 2．How do “echo chambers” come into being? A．Different people sometimes think similarly. B．Internet users don’t like new information. C．Online platforms shape people’s interests through algorithms. D．Algorithms pick information that matches people’s preferences. 3．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．How to meet challenges online. B．How to stay away from the internet. C．Ways to get out of echo chambers. D．The bad sides of echo chambers. 4．What is one way to break out of an echo chamber, according to the article? A．Only talk to people who agree with you. B．Pay no attention to ideas that are different from yours. C．Look for information from different sources and check if it’s true. D．Always follow what most people think. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文讨论了网络上的“回音室”现象，它如何影响我们对信息的接受、思维方式的僵化，并提出了一些摆脱这种现象的方法，如寻找多样化的信息来源、核实信息的真实性等。 1．推理判断题。根据文章中的信息“‘echo chamber (回音室)’—also known as an information cocoon (信息营房)—a place where your own ideas keep coming back to you, and you don’t hear any different ones....where everyone agrees with you” 可知，在回音室这个地方，每个人都同意你的观点，你自己的想法不断反馈给你，你听不到任何不同的想法。因此，“回音室”不断反映自我的观点，并阻碍了新的思考。 故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“Social media platforms (平台) know exactly what we like… thanks to very smart algorithms… show us more information that matches our interests.”可知，这些算法筛选出符合用户喜好的信息，造成了信息的单一。故选D。 3．段落大意题。根据“Luckily, there are ways to break free from echo chambers.”可知，最后一段主要描述了如何摆脱回音室效应的方法。 故选C。 4．细节理解。根据“challenge ourselves by looking for information from different sources (来源). Also, ask questions about where the information you’ve found comes from, double-check facts and be open-minded.”可知，通过查找不同来源的信息并核实其真实性来打破回音室效应。故选C。 （24-25九年级下·浙江温州·开学考试）Do you often compare yourself to other people? Are you happy when you compare yourself to your friend? Comparisons (比较) can help to make decisions but they can also pull you into a comparison trap (陷阱). Why is it so easy to compare yourself to others? Whether it’s the number of goals (进球) you’ve scored at football or how many books you’ve read, it’s easy to compare yourself to someone else. Scientists say it helps humans learn from each other, live happily together and achieve more. Although comparing can be good for you, it’s not always helpful and you can find yourself stuck in a comparison trap. This is when you always compare yourself to others and base your feelings on how well they seem to be doing. _____________ Becky is a child therapist (someone who helps children understand their feelings). She tells The Week Junior that comparisons can make us feel good and bad about ourselves. “Comparing up” means seeing someone doing better than you and using that to push yourself and try harder. However, she says, “Sometimes it can make you feel rubbish about yourself and knock your confidence.” “Comparing down” is when you see someone who seems like they’re not doing as well as you. This might make you feel you’re doing well,” says Becky, “but it can also stop you wanting to improve.” Get away from the comparison trap If your feelings depend on what other people are doing, “Spend time with friends who make you confident but not compare yourself to them,” suggests Becky. Find some people that make you laugh or show you lovely places. Finally, pay attention to your own success and how you can improve. “The best person you can compete with is yourself,” says Becky. 1．How does the writer start to introduce the topic in paragraph 1? A．By telling stories. B．By asking questions. C．By giving examples. D．By sharing experiences. 2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A．Reading a lot of books. B．Comparing yourself to others. C．Scoring goals at football. D．Feeling good about yourself. 3．Which of the following can be put in the __________ in paragraph 4? A．Can comparisons be good for you? B．Would you like to compare to others? C．How can you stop comparing? D．Why are comparisons important to you? 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To advise readers not to push themselves. B．To help readers build up confidence again. C．To share different comparisons with readers. D．To encourage readers to make healthy comparisons. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了在我们的生活中，我们经常容易陷入比较陷阱，从而影响自己。我们应该关注自己，和自己比较。 1．细节理解题。根据“Do you often compare yourself to other people? Are you happy when you compare yourself to your friend?”可知，作者问大家是否经常把自己和别人比较，当比较时，我们是否很开心，通过这两个问题，引出作者接下来要阐述的观点。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“it’s easy to compare yourself to someone else”和“Although comparing can be good for you”可知，此处指的是科学家认为与他人比较有助于人类相互学习，快乐地生活在一起，并取得更多成就。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“She tells The Week Junior that comparisons can make us feel good and bad about ourselves.”可知，本段主要说比较可以让我们感觉良好或糟糕。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Do you often compare yourself to other people? Are you happy when you compare yourself to your friend? Comparisons (比较) can help to make decisions but they can also pull you into a comparison trap (陷阱).”可知，本文主要讲述与他人比较会让我们陷入比较陷阱里，这会影响我们自己，我们应该健康的比较。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题09 阅读理解之议论文15篇 (浙江中考真题+中考模拟) 浙江中考真题练 （2023·浙江·中考真题）Roger Federer, a world-famous sports star, quit(放弃) the 2020 Olympic Games to deal with his knee problem. It was a hard decision because no one wanted to be a quitter. But finding the courage to let go can be good for you. Nothing is fun all the time. Sticking at something difficult teaches us important skills like perseverance(毅力). However, learning to let go when things aren’t right is important too. Maybe your heart isn’t in playing the piano any more, or you only play football because your friends do and you want to try a different sport instead. Making the decision to walk away can free up time and energy to spend on something you really enjoy. In fact, studies show that letting go of goals you can’t reach, or don’t really want, can build up your confidence and help you lead a happier and healthier life. But how can you know it’s time to stop and move on? Eric Bean is an expert in sports psychology(心理学) who helps athletes and teams understand their feelings. He says, “Quitting is never a matter of black and white.” He suggests thinking carefully about why you aren’t enjoying something any more. Is it because you’ve argued with a teammate or can’t get on with a new art teacher? Talk about this with a trusted adult or friend. That can help you decide whether you should stay and stick, or quit and move on. Quitting doesn’t have to mean totally giving up, though. For example, playing an instrument might be more fun if you take away the pressure of exams. If you do decide to give up an activity, Bean suggests picking up another where you can still enjoy things like teamwork, creativity, and exercise. 1．The writer mentions “Roger Federer” in Paragraph 1 to show that ________. A．we should never give up B．we should get away from trouble C．it’s all right to stop and quit D．it’s difficult to win Olympic medals 2．According to Paragraph 2, learning to let go is important because we can ________. A．learn about perseverance B．have enough money to spend C．live a busier and fuller life D．feel more confident in ourselves 3．By saying the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3, Eric Bean means that ________. A．it’s not good to stick at things we don’t like B．we should think twice before quitting an activity C．we don’t have to take exams to show our true abilities D．it’s wiser to pick up a new hobby than to keep the old one 4．Which could be the best title for the passage? A．Knowing When to Stop B．Working Hard to Move on C．Learning How to Grow up D．Starting Early to Make Changes 浙江中考模拟真题练 （2025·浙江绍兴·模拟预测）Many people like going on holiday. It’s a good chance to relax, visit new places and see new things. But while planning a trip, you have to decide whether you want to travel with family or friends, or just alone. Traveling with family can be very cheap or even free, if parents pay. However, there may be many arguments. One friend told me that both she and her sister were in tears after arguing on holiday. In my own family, Dad always wants to go to a museum. Mom would like to stay in the hotel. My sister likes to buy clothes. As for me, the coffee shop is a great place. Traveling with friends would be fun. When you are traveling with friends, you do more different things than you do with family. It is a way to strengthen a friendship. You can learn more about your friends. You can become closer to each other. But money always plays an important role if you go on holiday with your friends. It is normal for you to have different budgets (预算). Besides, there is also a lot of compromise (妥协) while you’re planning where to stay and what to eat. When it comes to choosing whom to travel with, there is another choice: Traveling alone. Traveling alone has advantages (优点) over traveling with other people. For example, you do not have to compromise on your budget. You can choose what you want to do, and it’s easier for you to make new friends. ▲ Sometimes you may feel lonely and bored. And, when you want to go to the toilet at the bus station or airport, there is nobody to look after your things. 1．What decision do you have to make while you are planning a trip? A．Where to stay. B．What to eat. C．How to go. D．Who to go with. 2．What does the writer’s sister usually like to do during her trip? A．Go shopping. B．Stay in the hotel. C．Visit the museum. D．Relax in the café. 3．What does the underlined word “strengthen” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Test. B．Improve. C．End. D．Study. 4．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．Children are too young to travel alone. B．Here are some tips for traveling alone. C．Of course, traveling alone is not always good. D．If you travel alone, you must look after yourself. （24-25九年级·浙江温州·阶段练习）Think about a remote control. Something so simple in function is seemingly capable of invisible magic to most of us. Only those with an engineering and electronics background probably have any real idea of why a remote control works. The rest of us just assume it should. And the longer a given technology exists, the more we take it for granted. Consider for a moment a split screen showing modern remote control users versus the first remote control users: the original users would be carefully aiming the remote directly at the television, reading the names of the buttons to find the right one, and intentionally pressing the button with a force that adds nothing to the effectiveness of the device. The modern users would be leaning on a sofa, pointing the remote any which way, and instinctively feeling for the button they desired, intuiting (凭直觉知道) its size, shape, and position on the remote. Humans are known for being handy with tools, so it is no surprise that we get so comfortable with our technology. However, as we become increasingly comfortable with how to use new technologies, we become less aware of how they work. Most people who use modern technology know nothing of its underlying science. They have spent neither mental nor financial resources on its development. And yet, rather than be humbled by its originality, we consumers often become unfairly demanding of what our technology should do for us. Many of the landmark inventions of the twentieth century followed predictable tracks: initial versions of each technology (television, video games, computers, cell phones, etc.) succeeded in impressing the general public. Then, these wonderful new inventions quickly became commonplace. Soon, the focus of consumer attitudes towards them changed from gratitude with respect to discriminating preference. Televisions needed to be bigger and have a higher resolution. Video games needed to be more realistic. Computers needed to be more powerful yet smaller in size. Cell phones needed to be smaller yet capable of performing other tasks such as taking pictures, accessing the Internet, and even playing movies. For children of the last twenty years born into this modern life, these technological marvels seem like elements of the periodic table: a given ingredient that is simply part of the universe. Younger generations don’t even try to imagine life without modern conveniences. They do not appreciate the unprecedented (史无前例的) technology that is in their possession; rather, they complain about the ways in which it fails to live up to ideal expectations. “My digital video recorder at home doesn’t allow me to program it from my computer at work.” “It’s taking too long for this interactive map to display on my portable GPS”. If it sounds as though we’re never satisfied, we aren’t. Of course, our complaints do actually motivate engineers to continually refine their products. After all, at the root of our tool-making instinct is the notion that “there must be a better way.” Thus, the shortcomings of any current version of technology are pinned on the limitations of its designers, and the expectation is that someone, somewhere is working on how to make the existing product even better. 1．The second paragraph is used to illustrate the idea that ________. A．modern humans do not pay enough attention to instructions B．remote controls have become far more effective over the years C．consumer behavior toward new forms of technology changes over time D．the first consumers of new technology used new devices with ease and comfort 2．The passage states that original users of remote controls likely did all of the following EXCEPT ________. A．aim the remote directly at the television B．feel instinctively for the desired button C．read the names of the buttons carefully D．use more strength pressing the button than is necessary 3．The author uses the underlined statement in Paragraph 6 most nearly to mean that ________ A．space exploration gives us most of our technology B．children learn technology while they learn chemistry C．consumers complain when modern conveniences break down D．consumers regard many technological inventions as unremarkable 4．The principal tone of the passage can best be described as ________. A．critical B．sympathetic C．frightened D．satisfied （2025·浙江湖州·一模）For more than 100 years, going to the cinema with friends and family to watch brand-new films has been a tradition that lots of people have loved. Not only is it a great experience to sit in comfortable seats and eat popcorn, but it’s a chance to watch the latest films on the big screen. However, in recent years, some people have realised it’s easier and more convenient to watch films in their own home. What do you think? Are cinemas the best place to watch films? Yes—it’s an amazing experience Going to the cinema is a really fun activity to enjoy with friends and family. It’s a chance to leave the house, enjoy a film with other people, and even eat some delicious popcorn. Also, ________. The big screen and surround sound help you lose yourself in a film easily. Lots of films are specially made for the cinema and don’t feel the same on a TV or laptop. At home, distractions (分心) like stopping for a drink can make the experience bad. The cinema feels special and lets you truly enjoy the movie. No—they’re too expensive It can cost a lot of money to go to the cinema, especially when the whole family is going together. People don’t just have to pay for tickets but snacks and drinks too. Most popular films usually stay in the cinemas for around four weeks, and sometimes it doesn’t take long before they’re available on streaming (流媒体) services. There’s no need to see films at the cinema if they’ll be available to watch at home in a month or two. Streaming films is much easier too, because people have more control over when they watch the film and can pause (暂停) it whenever they like. 1．What has been a tradition loved by many people for over 100 years? A．Reading books in the library. B．Watching streaming films online. C．Going to the cinema with friends and family. D．Watching films at home with family members. 2．Which of the following can be put in the “________”? A．nothing is better than watching films at home B．nothing beats the experience of going to the cinema C．going to the cinema is the most expensive experience D．going to the cinema is just like watching movies at home 3．Which italic (斜体) word has the same meaning as the underlined word “available” in the last paragraph? A．Is the manager available for a meeting now? B．The information is available on the Internet. C．He’s afraid he isn’t available to help with the show. D．The problem is getting it all done in the time available. 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To explain the history of cinemas. B．To encourage more and more people to go to the cinema. C．To compare different kinds of films in cinemas and at home. D．To show different opinions towards cinema and home viewing. （2025·浙江·模拟预测）. “Let’s brainstorm together!” You might often hear your teachers ask you to have a group discussion to solve a problem. But is brainstorming really the best way to solve problems, especially creative ones? The Dutch company WeTransfer did a study of 20,000 people from 197 countries and regions. Most of these people work in creative jobs, such as writers, musicians and scientists. The results showed that brainstorming was often unhelpful for solving creative challenges. “It seems that while working together is important to bring an idea to life, it’s not very helpful for shaping ideas in the first place,” said Rob Alderson, WeTransfer’s editor-in-chief. If we give people enough time and space to think clearly, they can come up with better ideas, Alderson aded. Even Alex Osborn, the father of brainstorming, believed that spending time thinking alone was part of his own creative process. However, most companies don’t give their staff enough time and chances to prepare and develop their ideas on their own. Instead, they often hold too many meetings, which can hurt creativity. More than 40 percent of the people said meetings were harmful to good thinking. Spending time alone to think helps you come up with your own ideas and develop independent thinking. This is especially important when making decisions. Nearly 80 percent of the people in WeTransfer’s study said they trusted their own instincts (直觉) and research when deciding whether an idea was good. 1．What did WeTransfer’s research find out? A．People waste too much time brainstorming. B．Brainstorming brings creative people together. C．Brainstorming is needed to solve creative problems. D．Brainstorming isn’t very helpful for solving creative challenges. 2．Which idea might Alex Osborn agree with about coming up with good ideas? A．Working with others is important. B．Thinking on your own is helpful. C．Having discussions in meetings helps a lot. D．Asking for quick answers leads to better ideas. 3．What problems do some companies have according to Paragraph 5? A．Most of their staff can’t speak up. B．They don’t give their staff enough time to think. C．They don’t know how to hold a creative meeting. D．They care too much about their staff’s creativity. 4．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Better ideas come from thinking alone B．Think twice before making a decision C．Find someone and share your idea D．Brainstorming develops creativity （2024·浙江绍兴·模拟预测）On social media platforms such as Xiaohongshu, we’re seeing more posts with the tag lines “I will listen” and “listen to me.” A puzzled person may have trouble deciding on where to go on a vacation, which restaurant offers the best seafood or whether Huawei’s Mate 60 is a better buy than the iPhone 15. Write a post titled “I will listen” and it’s likely that a warm-hearted person will quickly reply with a suggestion. Now, the problem is, should you follow the advice of a complete stranger? Is his or her advice true or is it just a personal opinion? Opinions, after all, are not facts—they are just personal judgments. Still, it’s important to take different voices into consideration. Whenever I buy something online, I always read the comments (评论) posted by the last customers. If there are too many negative comments, I probably won’t consider buying it. On the other hand, if all of the comments are unusually positive, my doubtful brain takes over and I think the seller may be using comments to increase the sale of the product. Apart from online business posts, other “listen-to-me” posts cause a more complex problem. In these posts, people are often giving advice on traps (陷阱) and problems that could trouble other people. Personal problems such as relationships, job choices and even mental health are among the most common topics. Their suggestions may be truthful, but they don’t necessarily fit in with the special situation of others. For these big “topics”, it’s better to talk to friends, families, teachers and professional experts. Those people who are close to you know and care about you and will stay by your side, unlike an online poster you may never hear from again. The Internet is like a great “shop” for getting and exchanging information. But, as with any shop, let the buyer be more careful. 1．What mainly influences our deciding on products online according to the passage? A．The sales of products. B．The opinions from customers. C．The names of companies. D．The posters of shops. 2．How does the writer show his ideas about online shopping in Paragraph 3? A．By explaining the results. B．By telling stories. C．By raising questions. D．By comparing differences. 3．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 probably refer to? A．Suggestions. B．Topics. C．Problems. D．Posts. 4．In the writer’s opinion, it’s best to ________ when we shop online. A．make decisions as the online posts suggest B．communicate with the people who stay by our side C．avoid sharing personal problems on the Internet D．collect different opinions from different customers （2025·浙江温州·模拟预测）。 People today are familiar with words, such as “going eco-friendly” and “sustainable lifestyle (可持续生活方式)”. Many people join “The Green Movement” and take nature-friendly lifestyles. However, there’s still a group of people who believe that going eco-friendly is only a short-term fashion and it isn’t going to last long. Many environmental organisations can prove that going eco-friendly is not only a fashion that lasts for a few months but a trend (趋势). These organisations pay close attention to different green causes and hold activities to increase people’s awareness on environmental problems. The use of sustainable products like bamboo straws and electric cars is another evidence to show going eco-friendly isn’t a show. The customers are willing to buy such products, and more and more companies invest (投资) money in the production. Starbucks gives their customers discounts if they bring their own bottles for drinks. The efforts that are made by companies and customers show a change in the attitudes of people towards taking a sustainable lifestyle. Meanwhile, some other people hold the view that people who take eco-friendly methods just want to improve their own image. They won’t keep the lifestyle for a long time. For example, some people post videos on the Internet and pretend they live in a zero-waste life. However, going eco-friendly isn’t a kind of fashion or a way to get others’ attention. For those who follow their zero-waste lifestyles over years, it’s about a promise that can only come with a true change in attitudes towards caring for the earth. What’s worse, some customers go eco-friendly only because they think it’s popular. Today, buying recycled clothes is highly encouraged. It’s common to walk past the shops that claim to sell clothing made from recycled materials. However, many companies use only a small number of recycled materials, as low as 1%, to make their “eco-friendly” clothes. A lot of customers are cheated by the advertisements of such big companies. All of these suggest that going eco-friendly is all about looking the part, and nothing more. The call to save the earth seems to remain for a while. It’s hoped that all the efforts for environmental protection will go a long way so that our future generations can have a better living environment. 1．What might be the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 2．What can people do to have a sustainable lifestyle? A．Change the attitude towards the fast food. B．Collect evidence about going eco-friendly. C．Take their own bottles when they buy drinks. D．Record daily lives and post videos on the Internet. 3．What does the writer mean by the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5? A．Customers need to learn more ways of going eco-friendly. B．People have to change the attitudes towards recycled clothes. C．Some people don’t take going eco-friendly as a long-term lifestyle. D．More activities should be held by big companies to save the world. 4．Which of the following can best express the message (启示) of the passage? A．Solve different problems in different ways. B．Protecting the nature is protecting ourselves. C．Be careful of the information from the media. D．Saving the earth needs every effort all the time. （2024·浙江·模拟预测）I don’t agree with laws concerning ages of drinking alcohol (酒精), driving, and gambling in the United Sates. These laws about young people’s freedom don’t make sense and they are different from place to place. I think many should be changed. In 1984 the United States government passed a law that set the legal (合法的) age for drinking alcohol at 21. I don’t agree with this. I consider a person to be an adult at 18. I think 18 should be the legal drinking age. The legal voting (选举) age used to be 21, but now it is 18, and I hope it will gradually move even lower. Young people should be allowed to choose their leaders. I think anyone who wants to vote should be allowed to. The legal ages for driving and gambling don’t make sense, because they are different from place to place. In many states the driving age is 16, in others 15. The gambling age is 21 in Colorado, 18 in New York. I can’t understand the reasons for these variations. The legal age of marriage is 18, except for Nebraska where it is 19 and Mississippi where it is 21. In Iran, the age for men is 15 and women 13, while in Senegal it is 20 for men and 16 for women. I don’t understand why it is necessary to set an age at all. Finally, I think young people should work together to address the situation. Write to your leaders in the government and let them know how you feel! 1．This reading is mainly about ________. A．the ages at which various activities are allowed by law B．why many legal ages don’t make sense and should be changed C．how young people can lower the legal ages D．how different United States laws are from those of other countries 2．In the United States, different states have different legal ages for ________. A．voting B．drinking alcohol C．passing laws D．driving 3．For whom is the legal age of marriage the youngest? A．Men in Mississippi. B．Women in Senegal. C．Women in Iran. D．Women in Nebraska. 4．From the passage we can learn that ________. A．legal ages are sometimes changed B．leaders never listen to young people C．all countries have the same legal ages D．the reasons for legal ages are easy to understand （2023·浙江宁波·一模）Who made decisions for you when you were a kid? Yes, your parents. As a kid, your parents made decisions about everything from the breakfast you had in the morning to the pajamas (睡衣) you wore at night.And it’s a good thing because kids are not old enough to take care of themselves and make careful decisions on their own. But finally, kids grow up and become teens. And part of being a teen is developing your own identity (身份) —one that is separate from your parents. It’s totally normal for teens to create their own opinions, thoughts, and values about life. It’s what prepares them for adulthood . But as you change and grow into this new person, your parents may have difficulties adjusting (调整).They aren’t used to the new you yet一they only know you as a kid. In most families, this kind of change can cause a lot of fights between teens and parents. You want to cover your walls with posters. They don’t understand why you don’t like your Kiddie wallpaper anymore.You think it’s OK to hang out at them all everyday after school, while they would rather you play a sport. Clashes like these are very common between teens and parents. Teens get angry because they feel parents don’t respect them and aren’t giving them space to do what they like, and parents get angry because they disagree with the teen’s decisions. The basic reason is that your parents will always try to protect you and keep you safe, no matter how old you are. 1．When kids develop their own identity, they may _______. A．make careful decisions alone B．stop depending on their parents C．decide all things just by their parents D．have their own ideas and values 2．The underlined word “Clashes” in Paragraph 4 means “______” A．choices B．praises C．fights D．discussions 3．The last paragraph mainly talks about _______. A．the decisions that teens and parents make B．the reasons why teens and parents fight C．the choices that teens and parents make D．the changes that teens and parents have 4．Which of the following might be the writer's opinion? A．Parents have the right to control their kids’ life. B．Parents should let their kids make decisions by themselves . C．Kids and the parents should understand and respect each other. D．Kids should be allowed to have enough space to do what they like. （2023·浙江·一模）An affirmation is a strong and positive statement (陈述) of something that is said as a fact. Statements you make to yourself, such as, “I’m a good dancer” or “I can’t draw”, are self-affirmations. They matter because you hear your own voice all the time. So if you tell yourself you’re good at something, you’re more likely to have a go. Affirmations can help you or they can hold you back. Maria Evans, a coach for young people, says everyone has a voice inside their head that tries to protect them from risks. “It can stop us from doing things that feel big but exciting, like trying out for the school play or the basketball team. You don’t try so you never know what you are able to do, making you feel regret,” Instead, using positive self-affirmations builds your confidence. Evans says, “The sooner you can start telling yourself positive things, the more enjoyable your life will be.” To make your affirmation, think about the positive way you want to be or feel. For example, you may want to be brave or feel you can improve at Math. Now put that in a sentence and say “I am brave” or “I can get better at Math”. Avoid using negative (消极的) words, because if you say “I don’t feel scared” your brain hears the word “scared”. By focusing (聚焦) on the positive, your brain hears what you want to feel. Also, if the affirmation is short and snappy it will be easier to remember. Grace, 15, shares her self-affirmation, “When I’m feeling down and I have to do something like a test, I know that it’s useful to try and turn that around by saying to myself, ‘I am filled with energy, I can do anything I put my mind to, I am capable.’” 1．Why are self-affirmations important to us according to Paragraph 1? A．They pass on secret messages. B．They are facts telling the truth. C．They have great influence on us. D．They help us get special abilities. 2．What does the underlined part “a voice inside their head” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．A kind word. B．A serious idea. C．A wrong statement. D．A negative affirmation. 3．Which of the following is the right way to make an affirmation? A．Try to use simple and positive words. B．Write down how you feel in a sentence. C．Pay attention to what you hear in your brain. D．Think about both the good and bad sides of an event. 4．What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage? A．To advise us to live an enjoyable life. B．To show us the power of positive thoughts. C．To encourage us to have a big dream for future. D．To teach us a useful way to change our feelings. （24-25九年级上·浙江温州·期末）Which is more important in your mind, looking fashionable or feeling comfortable? You may find many people choose style over comfort and some even go to extremes (极端) to follow fashion. But we should remember: being fashionable isn’t everything. It’s more important to be healthy. Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So, they start extreme diets that are not good for their health. They might not eat meals or eat too little, which can make them feel sick. Is it a healthy way to live? Also, many girls wear shoes with very high heels (鞋跟). They might think high heels make them look taller. But these shoes can hurt their feet and make it hard to walk comfortably, and they can increase the risk of falls. Some even wear the clothes that influence blood circulation (循环) making it hard to breathe. Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health? Besides, some boys and girls spend a lot of time and money changing their hair colour. The material they use to change hair colours is usually harmful to their health. To make their hair straight or curly, they also use tools that are hot enough to burn their hair. But using these tools too often or at very high temperatures can make the hair dry or even burnt. Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money? So, let’s think again: what’s really important? Is it fashion or is it our well-being? Remember, health comes first. Instead of following extreme diets, let’s eat properly and exercise every day. And instead of spending a lot of time choosing clothes, we could use the time to do fun things with friends. Clothes or hairstyles don’t tell us anything about a person’s character. Your value is not decided by your appearance, but by who you are as a person. 1．Which is the reason for some people to go on extreme diets? A．They want to save time. B．They need to save money. C．They expect to look good. D．They hope to stay healthy. 2．Why does the writer ask a question in each paragraph? A．To ask for help from readers. B．To describe problems more clearly. C．To tell how to spend time and money. D．To lead readers to think about the topic. 3．What does the underlined word “well-being” mean in the last paragraph? A．Growth. B．Health. C．Warmth. D．Wealth. 4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Being yourself is important. B．Choosing clothes is amazing. C．Looking good is wonderful. D．Eating healthily is necessary. （24-25九年级上·浙江·期末）. Reshi completed a 12-page children’s book, Alice and Sparkle, with the help of a chatbot called ChatGPT. A chatbot is a computer program that uses artificial intelligence (AI) to imitate human thinking and writing. The book’s text was produced using it, and Reshi created illustrations (插图) using another AI program, Midjourney, which uses special computation (计算) rules to translate words into images. When Reshi posted the book online, it became very popular with children. Some people praised Reshi for being clever. However, not everyone was happy. Some artists criticized the book. They said the pictures were of poor quality, and more importantly, the way the pictures were made was a big problem. Midjourney works by searching through millions of images on the internet. It uses algorithms to find patterns in these images and make new ones. The problem is, Midjourney takes images from artists’ work without asking for permission. Some companies have already started using AI instead of human workers. For example, an AI robot told jokes at a comedy club instead of a person. The San Francisco Ballet also used AI-created images for advertising a ballet show called The Nutcracker. Many artists and writers are worried about their jobs. They fear that if AI can create art and writing for less money, people may not pay them for their work. Josephine, a journalist who makes money from writing, says, “I love writing, but it’s troubling to see people looking for cheaper choices instead of supporting real human writers.” There is a real concern about protecting the work of artists and writers who could have their creations used by AI programs. The technology industry that develops these tools should involve artists in the process of making them. 1．The passage is most likely to be taken from a ________. A．newspaper B．science fiction C．storybook D．travel guide 2．What does the underlined word “algorithms” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Creative ideas. B．Millions of pictures. C．Useful tools. D． Computation rules. 3．In Paragraph 4, the writer shows the popularity of using AI by ________. A．listing numbers B．giving examples C．making comparisons D．showing opinions 4．What’s the writer’s attitude towards Reshi’s event? A．Supportive. B．Uncaring. C．Critical. D．Changeable. （24-25九年级上·浙江绍兴·期末）Nature and culture are often seen as opposite ideas. What belongs to nature cannot be the result of human activities and, on the other hand, cultural development is achieved against nature. However, this is not the only opinion on the relationship between nature and culture. Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species. Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle against human nature. We are born with wild natures, such as eating and behaving in a disorganized way or acting selfishly. Education uses culture as a way to get us out of our widest natures; it is thanks to culture that the human species could learn to adapt, progress and raise itself above and beyond other species. Over the past century and a half, however, studies in the history of human development have shown that the formation of culture is part of the biological adaptation. Consider, for example, hunting. It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits. At the same time, the development of weapons is related to that adaptation—from rocks and stones to a set of hunting tools, and from hunting tools to rules relating to the proper use of weapons. Hunting also seems to be responsible for a whole set of bodily abilities, such as balancing on one foot. Just think of how this very simple thing is closely related to dance, a key expression of human culture. It is then clear that biological development and cultural development are closely tied. The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shell, so do we bring along our culture. However, culture is also passed on among people of the same times or among people belonging to different populations. We can learn how to make jiaozi even if we were born from Russian parents in Paris just as we can learn how to speak English even if none of our family or friends speaks that language. 1．What is Paragraph 2 mainly intended to tell readers? A．Nature teaches humans how to adapt to rules. B．Humans are supposed to be well organized. C．Culture pushes the human species to progress. D．Culture is part of the development of human nature. 2．Why does the writer take “hunting” for example? A．To show how culture develops as humans adapt to the environment. B．To underline the importance of tools in humans’ struggle for life. C．To suggest some possible ways of changing humans’ living habits. D．To explain why there is a need to call for the proper use of weapons. 3．According to the last paragraph, we know culture ________. A．should be valued B．can be developed C．should be respected D．can be spread 4．What is the writer’s opinion on the nature-culture relationship? A．Culture and nature are separate yet balanced. B．Nature and culture are different but connected. C．Culture depends much on nature to progress. D．Nature follows the unwritten rules set by culture. （24-25九年级下·浙江宁波·开学考试）The Internet lets everyone share their ideas, seemingly creating a more open and colorful world. However, have you ever felt like you’re in your own small world? Everything you hear or see just makes you more sure of what you already think. In fact, most people are now in what is called an “echo chamber (回音室)”—also known as an information cocoon (信息营房)—a place where your own ideas keep coming back to you, and you don’t hear any different ones. This isn’t something new and it’s happening a lot more now. Echo chambers are like “rooms” on the internet where everyone agrees with you. Think about how people used to sit around a fire, telling stories that made everyone else all nod and smile. The internet is our modern-day fire. Social media platforms (平台) know exactly what we like. That’s thanks to very smart algorithms (算法). These algorithms watch what we do on the internet to show us more information that matches our interests. Being in an echo chamber makes us feel good. However, this can make our opinions and thinking very rigid (僵化的) and make it hard for us to understand people who think differently. Luckily, there are ways to break free from echo chambers. One big step is to challenge ourselves by looking for information from different sources (来源). Also, ask questions about where the information you’ve found comes from, double-check facts and be open-minded. 1．What does an “echo chamber” do to people? A．It sends different voices to people. B．It makes people look and think more widely. C．It helps people improve their ideas. D．It mirrors their beliefs and prevents new thoughts 2．How do “echo chambers” come into being? A．Different people sometimes think similarly. B．Internet users don’t like new information. C．Online platforms shape people’s interests through algorithms. D．Algorithms pick information that matches people’s preferences. 3．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．How to meet challenges online. B．How to stay away from the internet. C．Ways to get out of echo chambers. D．The bad sides of echo chambers. 4．What is one way to break out of an echo chamber, according to the article? A．Only talk to people who agree with you. B．Pay no attention to ideas that are different from yours. C．Look for information from different sources and check if it’s true. D．Always follow what most people think. （24-25九年级下·浙江温州·开学考试）Do you often compare yourself to other people? Are you happy when you compare yourself to your friend? Comparisons (比较) can help to make decisions but they can also pull you into a comparison trap (陷阱). Why is it so easy to compare yourself to others? Whether it’s the number of goals (进球) you’ve scored at football or how many books you’ve read, it’s easy to compare yourself to someone else. Scientists say it helps humans learn from each other, live happily together and achieve more. Although comparing can be good for you, it’s not always helpful and you can find yourself stuck in a comparison trap. This is when you always compare yourself to others and base your feelings on how well they seem to be doing. _____________ Becky is a child therapist (someone who helps children understand their feelings). She tells The Week Junior that comparisons can make us feel good and bad about ourselves. “Comparing up” means seeing someone doing better than you and using that to push yourself and try harder. However, she says, “Sometimes it can make you feel rubbish about yourself and knock your confidence.” “Comparing down” is when you see someone who seems like they’re not doing as well as you. This might make you feel you’re doing well,” says Becky, “but it can also stop you wanting to improve.” Get away from the comparison trap If your feelings depend on what other people are doing, “Spend time with friends who make you confident but not compare yourself to them,” suggests Becky. Find some people that make you laugh or show you lovely places. Finally, pay attention to your own success and how you can improve. “The best person you can compete with is yourself,” says Becky. 1．How does the writer start to introduce the topic in paragraph 1? A．By telling stories. B．By asking questions. C．By giving examples. D．By sharing experiences. 2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A．Reading a lot of books. B．Comparing yourself to others. C．Scoring goals at football. D．Feeling good about yourself. 3．Which of the following can be put in the __________ in paragraph 4? A．Can comparisons be good for you? B．Would you like to compare to others? C．How can you stop comparing? D．Why are comparisons important to you? 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To advise readers not to push themselves. B．To help readers build up confidence again. C．To share different comparisons with readers. D．To encourage readers to make healthy comparisons. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$