专题07 阅读理解之说明文15篇（浙江中考真题+中考模拟）-2025年中考英语逆袭冲刺中考模拟真题速递(浙江专用)

专题07 阅读理解之说明文15篇 (浙江中考真题+中考模拟) 浙江中考真题练 （2024·浙江·中考真题）Every year, lots of animals around the world go on migrating (迁徙 ) journeys. Some need to find food, others are looking for somewhere to produce and raise their young. Migrations can be long and difficult for animals, but new research on birds has found that farmland along the way can help their progress. In spring, hundreds of thousands of birds living near Lake Poyang, in China, fly north to Siberia, Russia. On the way, they find places to stop and eat to keep their energy levels up for the long journey. Some birds, such as geese, eat young grass that starts to grow at the beginning of the season. This food can last for only a few weeks. And rising temperatures caused by climate change can sometimes make the grass grow earlier than usual. This means that some birds are arriving too late to eat the grass. As more land is used for farming, the natural wetlands where birds like to search for food are disappearing, too. A team of researchers have recently chosen to follow 246 birds, including geese and tundra swans, that are flying from Lake Poyang to Siberia. They find that the birds have changed their diets to adapt (适应) to the environments they pass through. As well as eating grass from the wetlands along the way, the birds are also eating seeds (种子) dropped by farmers. The researchers believe that seeds will become a more important part of migrating birds’ diets as more natural wetlands disappear. They suggest that if farmers use different ways of harvesting, such as using machines that leave behind more seeds in fields, it could help to feed migrating birds. However, they also say wetlands must be protected, so the birds can enjoy different foods during their long journeys. 1．Which can be a reason for animal migration according to Paragraph 1? A．Raising their babies. B．Enjoying the journey. C．Sending food to others. D．Taking care of the old. 2．What problem might the birds meet when flying from Lake Poyang to Siberia? A．There is no grass growing along the way. B．There is a sudden drop in temperature on the way. C．Fewer natural wetlands are left for them to find food. D．Some of the birds set out early and eat too much grass. 3．How do the birds adapt to the environments they pass through? A．By changing their diets. B．By changing the way they fly. C．By making their homes in wetlands. D．By making fiends with farmers. 4．What can be the best title of the text? A．Stop killing, stop polluting B．Save water, save life C．Bids help harvesting work D．Farms help migrating birds 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了农田如何帮助迁徙的鸟类。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Some need to find food, others are looking for somewhere to produce and raise their young.”可知，动物迁徙的原因之一是为了繁殖和抚养后代。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“As more land is used for farming, the natural wetlands where birds like to search for food are disappearing, too.”可知，鸟类在迁徙途中可能面临的问题是自然湿地的减少，导致觅食困难。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“They find that the birds have changed their diets to adapt (适应) to the environments they pass through.”可知，鸟类通过改变饮食来适应经过的环境。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。根据文章内容，尤其是第一段“farmland along the way can help their progress”以及第四段“seeds will become a more important part of migrating birds’ diets”可知，文章主要讲述了农田如何帮助迁徙的鸟类。故选D。 （2024·浙江·中考真题）If you are looking for somewhere special to visit in London, we may have the answer for you: Sir John Soane’s Museum. The museum is one of London’s best-kept secrets, and it’s well worth a visit. Sir John, a great architect (建筑师), lived in London during the 18th century (1753—1837), and the amazing thing is that his house is exactly the same as he left it. In fact, visiting the house is just like stepping back in time. There are three floors which are open to the public. You can start on the first floor. This was Sir John’s work area. You can ask the guards about the paintings on the walls as they tell you something about this family and life. And don’t worry about the guards as they are really nice and helpful. Next, you can go downstairs to the ground floor. Here you can see his rich collection of paintings. For example, there is a series (系列) of interesting paintings about 18th century life in London. Now comes the last part, the underground floor. It’s full of thousands of valuable objects, such as sculptures (雕塑) and models of famous buildings from all over the world. Walking around this part of the house is a bit like being on a treasure hunt, as you can find things hidden away in secret corners. Anyway, you’ll have to go there yourself to see. Sir John Soane’s Museum is a very small place. It’s only about ten minutes’ walk from the British Museum. There is a free hour-long guided tour every Saturday at 2:30 pm, but the best thing is just to walk about by yourself. So now you know where to go next time you’re in London. We guarantee that it’s an experience you won’t forget! 1．Why is Sir John Soane’s Museum special according to Paragraph 1? A．It is the oldest museum in London. B．There is a time machine in it. C．It is kept the same as Sir John left it. D．There are lots of secret boxes in it. 2．In which order does the writer advise people to visit the museum? ①the underground floor ②the ground floor ③the first floor A．①②③ B．②①③ C．①③② D．③②① 3．What can be seen on the ground floor of the museum? A．A series of interesting paintings. B．Pictures of Sir John and his family. C．A valuable collection of sculptures. D．Models of famous buildings in the world. 4．What does the underlined word “guarantee” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．hear B．decide C．promise D．remember 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了约翰·索恩爵士博物馆。 1．细节理解题。根据“and the amazing thing is that his house is exactly the same as he left it”可知令人惊奇的是，他的房子和他离开时一模一样。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“You can start on the first floor...Next, you can go downstairs to the ground floor...Now comes the last part, the underground floor.”可知先参观二楼，然后下楼到一楼，最后到地下楼层。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Here you can see his rich collection of paintings. For example, there is a series (系列) of interesting paintings about 18th century life in London”可知在这里你可以看到他丰富的绘画收藏，例如，有一系列关于18世纪伦敦生活的有趣画作。故选A。 4．词义猜测题。根据“We guarantee that it’s an experience you won’t forget!”可知是保证这是一次你不会忘记的经历，故此处划线部分和promise意义相近。故选C。 浙江中考模拟真题练 （24-25九年级下·浙江温州·开学考试）。 A young boy is crying because his ear hurts. Then a man comes out of the forest. He carries some juice from a white fungus. Carefully, he puts the juice into the boy’s ear. In some rainforest villages of South America, that’s how earaches are cured! Rainforest doctors, called shamans, use many kinds of plants as medicines. They make tea from one type of red vine (藤蔓). It cures stomachaches. Yellow flowers from another plant are used to treat snakebite. The leaves of a particular plant in the rainforest can be made into a kind of medicine to help reduce the pain of cuts. Local shamans have used the curing power of plants for thousands of years. Learning from the Shamans Today, scientists from all over the world want to learn what these shamans know about plant medicines. They are racing to find the secrets of the rainforest before the plants disappear. And the rainforest are disappearing fast. Every year, people cut down an area of rainforest as large as Florida. Sometimes they want to use the land for farms. Sometimes they cut down the trees and sell the wood. Now the scientists travel by boat or on foot to tiny rainforest villages. Then they spend long hours making their way through the hot and humid forest with the local shamans. The shamans show the scientists which plants can be used as cures. Saving the Rainforest One U.S. company has already found an important new medicine. It comes from a plant found in the rainforest of Ecuador. This kind of medicine may soon be used to cure lung infections (肺部感染) in kids. Rainforest plants might cure many bad diseases, such as cancer and AIDS. So medicine companies are working to save the rainforests. When people buy medicines made from the rainforest plants, part of the money will go to help save the rainforests. If the rainforests survive, someday you may find cures in your home that are made from white fungus and red vines. 1．How does the writer lead in the topic of the passage? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving an example. C．By answering a question. D．By expressing opinions. 2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．Many rainforest plants are used as medicines. B．The rainforests in the US are disappearing fast. C．Local shamans can cure different kinds of diseases. D．There’re many plants in the rainforests of South America. 3．What do scientists do to learn from the shamans? A．Enter the race to find the secrets of the rainforest. B．Found companies to study the plants in the rainforest. C．Travel to rainforest villages to help save the rainforest. D．Travel with the shamans to learn about the cures of the plants. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Rainforest Doctors B．Rainforest Medicines C．The Medicine Companies D．The Surviving Rainforest 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了热带雨林医生，也被称为萨满，使用多种热带雨林中的植物作为药物治病。 1．细节理解题。根据“A young boy is crying because his ear hurts. Then a man comes out of the forest. He carries some juice from a white fungus. Carefully, he puts the juice into the boy’s ear.”可知，文章开头用一个孩子耳痛，被一种白色真菌汁液治好的具体事例，引出文章主题。故选B。 2．主旨大意题。根据第二段可知，该段主要介绍了多种雨林植物可被用来治病，如红藤治疗胃痛、黄花治疗蛇咬伤等。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Then they spend long hours making their way through the hot and humid forest with the local shamans. The shamans show the scientists which plants can be used as cures.”可知，科学家们亲自去热带雨林，和当地巫医一起进入雨林，向巫医学习植物的药用价值。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了热带雨林医生，使用多种热带雨林中的植物作为药物治病。因此选项B“热带雨林的药物”符合文章主题。故选B。 （24-25九年级下·浙江金华·阶段练习）。 From social relationships to work challenges, Chinese people are turning to DeepSeek to deal with different personal matters. They describe sharing their thoughts and receiving helpful responses (回应) from the popular chatbot. As a rising trend on social media, AI therapy (疗法) is changing the way people look for mental health support. But can AI really replace a human therapist (治疗学家)? Around the world, 45 percent of people who needed mental health care in 2024 did not receive it, with problems including cost and being short of providers, according to Huntington Psychological (心理) Services. Daniel Lowd, a professor at the University of Oregon, believes AI could help solve the absence of therapy services. “If people can find some support and thoughts by talking to Chatbots, then I think that’s wonderful,” Lowd told Newsweek. Li Yong, a doctor at the Jiangsu Province Hospital, agreed with Lowd, saying that AI meets people’s needs for emotional support. By using basic knowledge of psychotherapy, DeepSeek can help with some mental problems through comforting responses. However, he points out that AI cannot completely replace experts because the human touch is important for therapeutic services. Therapists develop a deeper understanding of people’s emotions and needs through communication, which allows them to offer more helpful treatment plans. The use of AI in psychotherapy also has made people question if its answers can be trusted. “AI chatbots will respond as therapists if asked, without any of the management, training or responsibility of a human counselor (顾问),” Richard Lachman, a professor told Newsweek. Experts believe the key to AI therapy lies in proper government management. Wysa, for example, is a mental health app that offers therapeutic conversations with an AI chatbot. In 2022, it worked with the UK’s National Health Service, following a list of strict standards. As AI becomes more a part of our lives, understanding its influence on human psychology means finding a balance between what’s helpful and what’s dangerous, Euronews reported. 1．How does the writer develop the first paragraph? A．By giving an example. B．By telling a story. C．By comparing two facts. D．By imagining a scene. 2．How can AI help in mental health care according to Daniel Lowd? A．By offering more medical costs. B．By solving the absence of therapy services. C．By training professional teachers. D．By replacing all human therapists. 3．Why does Li Yong believe AI cannot fully replace human therapists? A．Because AI chatbots are short of basic knowledge of psychotherapy. B．Because AI chatbots cannot provide comforting responses. C．Because Human therapists better understand emotions and needs. D．Because Human therapispts can follow strict government rules well. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．The importance of the management for AI therapy. B．The influence of AI chatbots in human psychology. C．The introduction to a popular mental health app. D．The differences between AI and human therapists. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，探讨了AI疗法在心理健康领域的应用，包括其现状、作用、局限性以及面临的问题和解决办法。 1．细节理解题。根据“From social relationships to work challenges, Chinese people are turning to DeepSeek to deal with different personal matters. They describe sharing their thoughts and receiving helpful responses (回应) from the popular chatbot.”可知，作者通过举例中国人使用DeepSeek处理个人事务这一情况，引出AI疗法这一话题。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Daniel Lowd, a professor at the University of Oregon, believes AI could help solve the absence of therapy services.”可知，Daniel Lowd认为AI可以帮助解决治疗服务缺失的问题。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“However, he points out that AI cannot completely replace experts because the human touch is important for therapeutic services. Therapists develop a deeper understanding of people’s emotions and needs through communication, which allows them to offer more helpful treatment plans.”可知，李勇认为人类治疗师能通过沟通更深入地理解人们的情绪和需求，所以AI不能完全取代人类治疗师。故选C。 4．段落大意题。根据“Experts believe the key to AI therapy lies in proper government management.”可知，最后一段主要强调了对AI疗法进行管理的重要性。故选A。 （24-25九年级下·浙江金华·阶段练习）。 The lion dance is an important art form in China. It is performed at many festivals, especially Chinese New Year. Many believe it brings good luck and prevents bad spirits. It is a way to create a festive atmosphere (气氛). The dance is often performed by two artists dressed in a lion costume. The one in the front is the head and front limbs. The one behind is the back and hind legs. As the dance includes many difficult movements, the artists need to practice kung fu to perform it well. The lion dance experienced a peak (巅峰) in popularity during the Tang Dynasty, when it was one of the court dances. But its history dates back longer. Historical records show that it was being performed as early as the Han Dynasty. The dance’s origins are not certain. Some say an emperor dreamed of a strange animal after a war. He wanted to know what it was. His advisors told him that this animal was a lion. The emperor thought it was a gift from heaven and asked people to make this animal. The “lion models” were used in the future battles to encourage soldiers. Others say that the lion dance had to do with Emperor Zhang of Han. At that time, a lion was sent to the emperor. It was so difficult to control that it ended up being beaten to death by court servants. To avoid being punished, two servants dressed up as the lion and copied its behavior. As time goes by, two kinds of lion dances developed, the northern and the southern. The northern lion looks more real, while the southern lion looks more like a dragon. The northern lion makes great use of its prancing legs. The southern lion makes dramatic head thrusts to the sound of drums and gongs. Whichever form it takes, it stands for power and wisdom in Chinese culture. 1．What does the second paragraph mainly tell us? A．What the lion dance is about. B．How people perform the lion dance. C．Where the lion dance is performed. D．Why people create the lion dance. 2．What can be learned about the lion dance? A．It is performed on Christmas Day. B．It experiences a very hard time. C．It develops two kinds in North China. D．It is a symbol of power and wisdom. 3．Why did the writer mention two emperors? A．To deacribe the emperors’ fear to the lion. B．To show the emperors’ love to the dance. C．To show the beginning of the Lion Dance. D．To tell the importance of the Lion Dance. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．A Tradition of Good Luck and Courage B．A Dance of Freedom and Beauty C．An Animal of Speed and Power D．An Emperor of Power and Wisdom 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国传统文化中的舞狮艺术。 1．主旨大意题。根据“The dance is often performed by two artists dressed in a lion costume.”及本段内容可知，本段主要讲述了舞狮的表演方式。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Whichever form it takes, it stands for power and wisdom in Chinese culture.”可知，舞狮在中国文化中象征着力量和智慧。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“The dance’s origins are not certain. Some say an emperor dreamed of a strange animal after a war. He wanted to know what it was. His advisors told him that this animal was a lion.”及“Others say that the lion dance had to do with Emperor Zhang of Han.”可知，文章提到两位皇帝是为了说明舞狮的起源。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了中国传统文化中的舞狮艺术，它象征着好运和勇气，并且在中国文化中具有重要地位。故选A。 （2025·浙江·模拟预测）①That future is almost here. “I think it’s going to happen. Definitely in ten years...and hopefully much, much faster,” said Sebastian Thrun in 2021. At that time, or Electronic Vertical Take-Off and Landing vehicle (车辆). ②Flying to work or school sounds unbelievable. Not only is it fun to fly, but “There would never be traffic again, because the sky is very, very large.” says Thrun. He also thinks eVTOLs could be greener than common cars. “We go much faster, we go in a straight line, we fly on less energy.” he says. ③So far, though, flying cars haven’t taken off as a product. Will their day come? There are still many problems to solve. Their high price means most people won’t be able to afford one. So, many developers are aiming to make them self-flying—no human pilot needed. ④Another problem is space. Most aircraft need long runways to take off and land. Lifting straight up and down like a helicopter solves this problem. But eVTOLs still need special spaces, called vertiports, for take-off and landing. Finding places to put these could be tricky, especially in crowded cities. But maybe some could go on top of buildings. ⑤What do you think? Would you enjoy riding to school or to visit a friend in a self-flying taxi? Are flying cars a good idea, or should we find other ways to get around in the near future? 1．What is Sebastian Thrun’s opinion about eVTOLs? A．They may cause serious traffic jams in the sky. B．They won’t be invented in the coming ten years. C．It may take much more time to travel by eVTOLs. D．They save energy and help protect the environment. 2．Why are some developers aiming to make self-flying cars? A．To make them cheaper. B．To provide more space. C．To solve safety problems. D．To compete with common cars. 3．What does the underlined word “tricky” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．convenient B．funny C．difficult D．necessary 4．What is the possible structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了飞行汽车的前景、优缺点。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“‘There would never be traffic again, because the sky is very, very large.’ says Thrun. He also thinks eVTOLs could be greener than common cars. ‘We go much faster, we go in a straight line, we fly on less energy.’”可知Thrun认为这种飞行车既节省能源又环保。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“ Their high price means most people won’t be able to afford one. So, many developers are aiming to make them self-flying—no human pilot needed.”开发者希望通过自动驾驶降低飞行汽车的成本。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“But eVTOLs still need special spaces, called vertiports, for take-off and landing. Finding places to put these could be tricky, especially in crowded cities.”可知，evtol仍然需要特殊的空间，用于起飞和降落，尤其是在拥挤的城市，由此推知，“tricky”意为“棘手的、困难的”。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。第一段引出话题，第二段讨论其优势，第三、四段阐述面临的问题，第五段总结、发问。故选C。 （24-25九年级下·浙江宁波·阶段练习）On April 18 each year, people all over the world celebrate the International Day for Monuments and Sites (国际古迹遗址日). In China, young people are realizing the importance of their history and culture. Many are even doing their best to show the respect (敬重). Finding new artifacts (文物) Xu Danyang, a 29-year-old archaeologist, found an amazing bronze statue (铜像) at the Sanxingdui site in Sichuan. In 2021, he dug out this statue. In the beginning, his team thought it was a bird. But as they continued the digging, they had a surprise. It turned out to be a statue of a man, about 16 cm high. It shows a man kneeling with his head turned, and it surprises everyone who sees it. Making maps for protection Wu Yunjie who was born in the 1990s found a new way—by making a special map to show the best cultural sites in China. He visits places in person and adds them to his map, making sure we all remember them. He marked almost 10,000 places like old temples, towers, bridges and houses. Each site with colorful marks showed how special and important they are. Now, Wu asks for help from people online to make his map better and better. And he hopes to share this amazing map with everyone who respects history and culture soon. Making explanations (解释) fun Zhang Bin is a 31-year-old tour guide at Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum Site Museum in Xi’an, Shaanxi. He works to answer visitors’ questions about the famous Terracotta Warriors (兵马俑) and shares all of his knowledge about them. Zhang often uses the traditional Chinese performance art of Xiangsheng to explain them. He is doing something meaningful for the site. 1．How many ways are mentioned to protect and promote Chinese cultural sites in this passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．Why were Xu Danyang and his team surprised at the bronze statue? A．Because the statue was scared with his head turned. B．Because the statue is much smaller than they expected. C．Because the statue changed from a bird into a kneeling child. D．Because the statue which they thought was a bird turned out to be a man. 3．What does Wu Yunjie do to make his map of Chinese cultural sites? ①He marks sites on his map.  ②He visits places in person. ③He asks for help online.        ④He answers visitors’ questions. A．①②④ B．①②③ C．②③④ D．①③④ 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Spreading Traditional Chinese Art B．Introducing Chinese Cultural Sites C．Respecting History with Action D．Developing Chinese Art together 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了人们是如何保护中国文化遗址的。 1．细节理解题。根据“Finding new artifacts (文物)”“Making maps for protection”及“Making explanations (解释) fun”可知，一共提到了三种方式。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“In the beginning, his team thought it was a bird. But as they continued the digging, they had a surprise. It turned out to be a statue of a man,”可知，他们感到惊讶是因为他们认为是一只鸟的雕像结果是一个人。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“He visits places in person and adds them to his map, making sure we all remember them.”“He marked almost 10, 000 places”及“Now, Wu asks for help from people online to make his map better and better.”可知，他亲自参观了一些地方并将它们添加到他的地图上，他标记了近10000个地方，在网上寻求帮助。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。根据“In China, young people are realizing the importance of their history and culture. Many are even doing their best to show the respect (敬重).”可知，本文主要讲述了在中国年轻人正在意识到历史和文化的重要性许多人甚至尽最大努力表示尊重，故“以行动尊重历史”符合本文标题。故选C。 （24-25九年级下·浙江金华·阶段练习）It was 10 p.m. on a Wednesday night. Fourteen-year-old Li Gong sat at his desk and stared at a blank sheet of paper. Li had to write a 600-word book report and the deadline was the next day. The problem? He hadn’t read the book. Li opened an AI app on his computer and entered the words “Book report, 600 words, The Old Man and the Sea.” In less than a minute, the boy had his book report. Several days later, Li was called into his teacher’s office. Unfortunately, his teacher was very familiar with computers and AI apps. One of the apps examined his students’ writing to find cheating (作弊). Li had been caught! But his teacher was kind. Instead of punishing the boy, he explained that while AI apps were a helpful shortcut (捷径) for some things, there was no shortcut to learning. Learning how to write well has great value to understanding a subject and expressing your own ideas about it. An AI app depends on a collection of information that someone has uploaded onto a computer system. A specially trained algorithm (算法) processes the information to produce the type of writing someone might need. It’s useful for writing business emails, legal documents and even news reports, but it’s not useful for expressing your personal ideas and thoughts. Writing is the most difficult of all the language skills. You need to be good at grammar and have a good vocabulary. Writing also requires you to think clearly. For example, Li Gong was supposed to read Earnest Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea and find out what it was about. It’s a sad story, but what does it all mean? If Li had read the book and written the book report, he would have learned a lot and had the satisfaction of expressing his own ideas about the story. That’s something AI can not do. 1．Why was Li Gong called into his teacher’s office? A．He had the best book report in class. B．He missed the deadline for his book report. C．His teacher wanted to praise him for his report. D．His report was found as cheating through an AI app. 2．What lesson did the teacher want to teach Li Gong? A．AI apps are useless for students. B．Punishment is necessary for cheating. C．Shortcuts like AI can’t replace the value of learning. D．Writing book reports is a waste of time for students. 3．According to the passage, in which situation might AI apps be helpful? A．Writing a personal diary. B．Creating a business email. C．Discussing feelings in a poem. D．Expressing someone’s own ideas. 4．What may the writer of the passage agree with? A．It’s necessary to read books for schoolwork. B．It’s important to use grammar and vocabulary in writing. C．AI can think clearly and express freely on the computer. D．AI can’t meet the satisfaction of expressing one’s own ideas about a story. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了李功如何通过AI应用完成作业，以及他的老师如何教导他正确使用AI应用的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Several days later, Li was called into his teacher’s office. Unfortunately, his teacher was very familiar with computers and AI apps. One of the apps examined his students’ writing to find cheating (作弊). Li had been caught!”可知，他被老师发现他的报告是通过AI应用完成的。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“Instead of punishing the boy, he explained that while AI apps were a helpful shortcut (捷径) for some things, there was no shortcut to learning. Learning how to write well has great value to understanding a subject and expressing your own ideas about it.”可知，老师想要告诉李功：学习没有捷径，学习如何写得好对理解一个主题和表达你自己的想法有很大的价值，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“It’s useful for writing business emails, legal documents and even news reports, but it’s not useful for expressing your personal ideas and thoughts.”可知，它对于写商务邮件、法律文件甚至新闻报道很有用，但它不适合表达你的个人想法和观点。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“If Li had read the book and written the book report, he would have learned a lot and had the satisfaction of expressing his own ideas about the story. That’s something AI cannot do.”可知，如果李功读了这本书，写了报告书，他会学到很多东西，并满足于表达自己对这个故事的想法，这是人工智能无法做到的，所以人工智能无法满足于表达自己对故事的想法。故选D。 （24-25九年级下·浙江金华·阶段练习）A few years ago, I did research on moss (苔藓) to make a living. Once I accidentally mentioned my job to my barber, he laughed at me. Then every time I got my haircut, he couldn’t get past it. My example certainly isn’t a one off situation. Researchers across all fields of science have had similar experiences. But I feel plant scientists are forced to go through such situations especially regularly. Many people ask me why I am not doing more “useful” studies on things like cancer or dementia. My answer to their questions is simple. Plant science can help feed the world. Millions of people worldwide die of hunger every year. It’s not that we aren’t producing enough food; it’s just that we are wasting a lot of it. Plant science can help to reduce this waste. One example is apples that brown slower. They are less likely to be thrown away. Plants can also help us protect our environment. They are important in our fight against climate change. Moreover, discoveries in plant science have also paved the way for studies in many other areas of science. In short, plant science isn’t useless at all. At an event at a local secondary school, I was surprised to learn that none of the teenagers aged from 14 to 15 could recognize the rice plant. This perhaps shows the level of interest in plants among today’s young people. It’s very worrying. If students aren’t interested in plants, they are unlikely to study them in the future. They will never know how important plant science is. Schools could and should do more to change their ideas. The Rocket Science campaign (活动) was a great example. It saw six hundred thousand children become space biologists. The pupils sowed and grew seeds that later spent six months on the International Space Station. Such events are able to arouse students’ interest in plant science. Unfortunately, there are too few of them. Plant science is much more useful than many people think. I hope that more people, especially young students, will take a second look at it. 1．What do we know according to paragraph 1? A．The barber always laughed at her terrible haircut. B．Studying moss was the only way she made a living. C．Plant scientists are usually looked down by others. D．None of researchers has similar experiences like her. 2．The writer thinks plant science is useful for the following reasons EXCEPT ________? A．it reduces food waste. B．it fights against climate change C．it supports other fields in science D．it produces enough food 3．What does the underlined word “recognize” mean in paragraph 3? A．Tell. B．Cook. C．Grow. D．Water. 4．What does the writer hope for in the future? A．People will no longer think science is useless B．More people will pay attention to plants in nature. C．Plant science will be more useful than other fields of science. D．Young Students will become more interested in plant science. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了植物科学的好处，鼓励人们对植物科学感兴趣。 1．推理判断题。根据“Once I accidentally mentioned my job to my barber, he laughed at me. Then every time I got my haircut, he couldn’t get past it.”可知，作者提到自己的工作时，被人嘲笑了，由此推断植物科学家通常被别人轻视。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Plant science can help feed the world....Plant science can help to reduce this waste... Plants can also help us protect our environment.”可知，植物科学可以帮助减少食物浪费，而不是生产足够的食物。故选D。 3．词义猜测题。根据“I was surprised to learn that none of the teenagers aged from 14 to 15 could recognize the rice plant. This perhaps shows the level of interest in plants among today’s young people. It’s very worrying”可知，年轻人对植物不感兴趣，所以他们认不出这种水稻，故此处划线部分表示“识别，辨认”和tell意义相近。故选A。 4．观点态度题。根据最后一段“I hope that more people, especially young students, will take a second look at it.”可知，作者希望更多年轻人对植物科学产生兴趣。故选D。 （24-25九年级下·浙江金华·阶段练习）Twenty years ago, when Andrew Westbrook was in college, he had a hard time staying focused in class. He certainly had the ability to focus—when he got lost in a good book, for example, thinking felt effortless. But when it came to some other tasks, thinking felt like pulling teeth. Westbrook managed to graduate in the end. Now he is a neuroscientist (神经学家). His research is shaking up old ideas about why we struggle with certain tasks. For years, scientists thought that mentally tiring tasks like writing and solving math problems required more energy than easier ones like looking out the window. As a result, these harder tasks would make us run out of fuel—and lose focus—more quickly. But the brain is a complex machine. It’s always doing heavy lifting. Even when you’re just looking around a room, your brain is dealing with lots of information (from your eyes) and using lots of energy. But we don’t think of such tasks as hard work, do we? According to Westbrook’s studies, we often think certain tasks are harder than they really are. “When you are thinking about doing a difficult task, it often feels much worse than when you are actually doing it,” Westbrook says. But this early “mental hurdle (障碍)” can lead us to put off the task or even avoid it altogether. “If we can get over this hurdle, thinking will become easier,” he adds. Westbrook’s team has found ways to help us do just that. For one, he suggests focusing on the benefits of completing the task rather than the effort it takes. We can also try to get into a mental state called “flow (心流).” When people are in this state, they seem not to care how hard the task is. One key to entering to “flow” is to reduce uncertainty. Before writing a book report, for example, you can set yourself a time limit. How much can you get done in 15 minutes? Finally, it can help to make these mentally tiring tasks a habit. Try doing them at the same time and place every day of week. After a few weeks, focusing on these tasks won’t just feel easier—it will be easier. 1．When Andrew Westbrook was in college, he found it hard to ________. A．focus on certain tasks B．find interesting books C．understand his classes D．stay focused on any activity 2．According to Westbrook’s studies, which of the following is TRUE? A．All tasks required the same amount of mental effort. B．Harder tasks would make us lose focus more quickly. C．Looking around the room could be as tiring as writing tasks. D．We put off some certain tasks because it is too difficult to finish. 3．According to the passage, who might it easier to enter “flow”? A．Jim, 40, a creative art designer always works in a quiet environment. B．Susan, 30, a manager in a big company usually set a time limit or a clear goal. C．Lucy, 35, a housewife often tries to get everything done in 15 minutes. D．David, 15, a middle-school student seldom put off hard tasks until the last minute. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of passage? A．①②/③④/⑤⑥/⑦ B．①/②③④/⑤⑥/⑦ C．①②/③④⑤/⑥⑦ D．①/②③④/⑤/⑥⑦ 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了神经学家Andrew Westbrook对人们在某些任务上难以集中注意力的研究，挑战了旧有的观点，并提出了帮助人们克服心理障碍、更轻松完成任务的方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“Twenty years ago, when Andrew Westbrook was in college, he had a hard time staying focused in class. He certainly had the ability to focus—when he got lost in a good book, for example, thinking felt effortless. But when it came to some other tasks, thinking felt like pulling teeth.”可知，Andrew Westbrook在大学时，发现很难在某些任务上集中注意力，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Even when you’re just looking around a room, your brain is dealing with lots of information (from your eyes) and using lots of energy. But we don’t think of such tasks as hard work, do we?”可知，句中表述四处看看房间和写作任务一样累人，因为大脑都在处理大量信息并消耗大量能量，只是我们不认为四处看房间是一项艰巨的任务，故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“One key to entering to ‘flow’ is to reduce uncertainty. Before writing a book report, for example, you can set yourself a time limit. How much can you get done in 15 minutes?”可知，进入“心流”状态的一个关键是减少不确定性，比如给自己设定一个时间限制。Susan是一个大公司的经理，通常会设定时间限制或明确的目标，这有助于她减少不确定性，更容易进入“心流”状态，故选B。 4．篇章结构题。根据全文内容可知，文章的结构如下：①②段介绍了Andrew Westbrook在大学时的经历以及他现在作为神经学家对人们在某些任务上难以集中注意力的研究；③④⑤段阐述了科学家过去的观点以及大脑的复杂性，说明即使是简单的任务大脑也在消耗大量能量，此外Westbrook的研究还发现，即我们常常认为某些任务比实际更难，这种“心理障碍”会导致我们拖延或避免任务；⑥⑦段提出了解决上述问题的方法和策略，帮助我们克服心理障碍、更轻松完成任务的方法，包括关注完成任务的好处、进入“心流”状态以及养成习惯。因此，正确的结构是①②/③④⑤/⑥⑦，故选C。 （2024·浙江·模拟预测）Being able to play a musical instrument is without doubt, useful, You can entertain (使快乐) guests with a piano piece at a dinner, or make friends by joining a band. Besides, those who play musical instruments have often been found to perform better on cognitive tests (认知测试). Some studies compared the cognitive ability of musicians and non-musicians. Their findings showed that musical training could bring small but important cognitive benefits.  ▲ , these studies had short monitoring (监测) periods. This made it impossible to find out if these cognitive changes remained throughout a person’s lifetime. Judith Okely at Edinburgh University found a way to solve the problem. In 1947, the Scottish government tested the intelligence (智力) of almost every 11-year-old child in the country. In 1997, Dr Okely’s team contacted (联系) 1091 of those children and tested their intelligence once more between 2004 and 2007. The study continues and the participants (参与者) need to take a cognitive test every three years. In 2017, Katie Overy, also at Edinburgh University asked the original (最初的) participants about their musical experiences over the years. The participants were asked how many instruments they played and what their training was like. They were also asked to record how many years of regular practice they had had and what performance level they had reached. A total of 366 participants provided useful information and 117 mentioned that they had some degree of experience with musical instruments. All in all, the researchers have found that there is a close relationship between the playing of an instrument and a person’s change in cognitive ability. Moreover, the longer people practice playing an instrument, the more likely they are to show a positive cognitive change over the course of their lives. The influence is small, but it remains important. 1．Which of the following can best fill in the blank ▲ in Paragraph 2? A．Also B．However C．Though D．What’s more 2．What does the underlined word “problem” refer to? A．The studies were made in only one country. B．The studies were done over a short period of time. C．The studies didn’t have enough adult participants. D．The studies only included professional musicians. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．It took Dr Okely’s team five years to test the 1091 participants. B．Kids are asked to take an intelligence test every year in Scotland. C．In 2017, less than one third of the 366 participants had musical experiences. D．Over 300 participants thought that learning to play an instrument was helpful. 4．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A．Music can sometimes change the way people see things. B．People’s cognitive ability has something to do with their ages. C．People’s cognitive ability is difficult to change in a short time. D．More practice in playing an instrument can help improve one’s cognition. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要讨论了演奏乐器与认知能力之间的关系。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“Their findings showed that musical training could bring small but important cognitive benefits.”以及“these studies had short monitoring (监测) periods.”可知，前部分指出音乐训练带来认知益处，后部分指出研究存在监测周期短的缺陷，前后为转折关系。因此需用表转折的“However然而”连接。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据第二段“these studies had short monitoring periods. This made it impossible to find out if these cognitive changes remained throughout a person’s lifetime”可知，提到了这些研究监测周期短，导致无法确定认知变化是否持续一生。Judith Okely通过长期跟踪数据解决了这一问题。故problem指代“研究时间过短”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“A total of 366 participants provided useful information and 117 mentioned that they had some degree of experience with musical instruments.”可知，366人中117人有音乐经验，计算可知117/366≈32% (约1/3)，故选C。 4．段落大意题。根据最后一段“All in all, the researchers have found that there is a close relationship between the playing of an instrument and... it remains important.”可知，本段主要讲了练习乐器时间越长，认知能力越可能积极变化，也就是说更多练习有助于提高认知。故选D。 （2025·浙江温州·一模）。 Every summer, thousands of swamp sparrows (沼泽麻雀) sing songs in the North America’s wetlands. These special brown birds only know a few songs, but they sing them very well. In fact, their song list hasn’t changed much for hundreds of years. Like humans, baby swamp sparrows learn songs from their elders. “Swamp sparrows just make few mistakes when they learn their songs.” says biologist Robert Lachlan. Actually, they copy the music so well that it stays the same from the elder to the young. “Just like children, the sparrows don’t remember every song they hear,” Lachlan says. “They just pick up the songs they hear most often. It’s an example of what scientists call ‘conformist bias’.” Until recently, this learning ability was thought to be special only to humans. Between 2008 and 2009, Lachlan’s team recorded the songs of 615 swamp sparrows across the northeastern United States. The study found that only 2% of these sparrows sang a different song, while the other sparrows sang songs just from their list. “The song-types that you hear in the wetland of North America today may have been there 1,000 years ago.” says Lachlan. However, another team found that a few sparrows changed their song list in recent years. Now scientists are exploring the influence of losing habitat (栖息地) on songbirds. Man-made barriers—such as cities, roads and plantations—can break up a bird population into a number of isolated (孤立的) groups. It stops birds from sharing their songs with each other. “The findings are really exciting.” says scientist Andrew Farnsworth. He hopes that future research will start from these studies. For example, scientists might learn how other animals keep their cultural traditions alive. Farnsworth adds, “It’s really cool to think this could happen in other animals too.” 1．What is special about swamp sparrows? A．They can sing many songs. B．They learn songs from humans. C．They help elders make new songs. D．They keep the same song list for years. 2．What is “conformist bias” in Paragraph 3? A．A song list. B．A science team. C．A learning ability. D．A human tradition. 3．Why did a few sparrows change their song list recently? A．Man-made buildings break the birds up. B．The changes of weather in North America. C．People hunt a large number of swamp sparrows. D．Swamp sparrows stay in the wetland all the year. 4．What can be the best title of the text? A．Copy music from birds B．Protect traditional songs C．The 1000-year bird songs D．The home-losing animals 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了沼泽麻雀（swamp sparrows）的一种独特现象，即它们多年来保持着相同的歌曲列表，并且这种学习能力过去被认为只有人类才具备。 1．细节理解题。根据“These special brown birds only know a few songs, but they sing them very well. In fact, their song list hasn’t changed much for hundreds of years.”可知，沼泽麻雀的特别之处在于它们多年来保持着相同的歌曲列表。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“They just pick up the songs they hear most often. It’s an example of what scientists call ‘conformist bias’.”可知，“conformist bias”指的是沼泽麻雀倾向于学习最常听到的歌曲，这是一种学习能力上的倾向。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Now scientists are exploring the influence of losing habitat (栖息地) on songbirds. Man-made barriers—such as cities, roads and plantations—can break up a bird population into a number of isolated groups. It stops birds from sharing their songs with each other.”可知，人造建筑等障碍将鸟类分隔成孤立的群体，阻止了它们相互分享歌曲，导致一些沼泽麻雀改变了歌曲列表。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。根据文章主要讲述了沼泽麻雀多年来保持相同歌曲列表的奇特现象，以及近年来一些沼泽麻雀改变歌曲列表的原因，可以推断出最佳标题是“The 1000-year bird songs”（千年的鸟歌），因为它突出了沼泽麻雀歌曲列表的古老和持久性。故选C。 （2025·浙江温州·一模）。 Lake Bled is one of the most beautiful places in northwestern Slovenia, a country in Europe. It is at the bottom of the Julian Alps Mountains. And it only takes about half an hour to get there by car from the capital, Ljubljana. The beauty of the area attracts visitors from all over the world. Visitors to the lake can find a lot of activities to do. Besides taking long walks around the lake, you can take a visit to Bled Island in the middle of the lake. That’s the most popular part. You can get there by taking a traditional Pletna boat or rowing a small boat by yourself. After you reach the island, you can visit the Church of Oswald, ring the wishing bell and climb up the clock tower. Next, you can head to Bled Castle. The castle is built on a hill by the lake and offers beautiful views over the lake and the town of Bled. You can learn the story and significance of the area in the castle. There is a museum in the upper courtyard (庭院). You can discover the history of Lake Bled and enjoy historical artworks there. Nature lovers should hike to Ojstrica. It stands high above Lake Bled. The climb to Ojstrica takes about 20 minutes. It is short but dangerous. There is a chair at the top of Ojstrica, where you can enjoy the most wonderful view of Lake Bled. For where to stay, you can get a room at Carman Guest House. It offers great scenery of Bled Island. Also, it is only a short walk from the town center. You can find many shops and restaurants there. So if you are looking for somewhere for your next trip, Lake Bled is truly a place worth visiting. 1．Where is Lake Bled? A．At the top of the Alps. B．In the southwest of Europe. C．Near the capital, Ljubljana. D．In the middle of Slovenia. 2．What can visitors do on Bled Island? A．Visit the church. B．Stay in the hotel. C．Do some shopping. D．Learn about the history. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．It is very easy for visitors to hike to Ojstrica. B．Carman Guest House is far away from the town center. C．Visitors can buy some artworks in the museum in Bled Castle. D．Visitors can enjoy the best view of the lake at the top of Ojstrica. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?(①= paragraph 1) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了布莱德湖作为斯洛文尼亚西北部的一个美丽景点，其地理位置、吸引游客的特色活动、周边的重要景点以及住宿推荐。 1．细节理解题。根据“It is at the bottom of the Julian Alps Mountains. And it only takes about half an hour to get there by car from the capital, Ljubljana.”可知，布莱德湖位于朱利安阿尔卑斯山脚下，从首都卢布尔雅那开车到那里只需要大约半个小时。因此，布莱德湖靠近首都卢布尔雅那。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“After you reach the island, you can visit the Church of Oswald, ring the wishing bell and climb up the clock tower.”可知，游客到达岛上后可以参观奥斯瓦尔德教堂、敲响许愿钟并爬上钟楼。因此，游客在布莱德岛上可以参观教堂。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“There is a chair at the top of Ojstrica, where you can enjoy the most wonderful view of Lake Bled.”可知，在Ojstrica山顶有一把椅子，游客可以在那里欣赏到布莱德湖最美的景色。因此，我们可以推断出游客可以在Ojstrica山顶欣赏到湖的最佳景色。故选D。 4．篇章结构题。文章首先介绍了布莱德湖的基本信息（主要部分），然后详细描述了围绕布莱德湖的各项活动（次要分支），如参观布莱德岛、前往布莱德城堡、徒步前往Ojstrica等。文章还提到了住宿选择（另一个次要分支），最后一段总结全文。故选B。 （24-25九年级下·浙江杭州·阶段练习）We can’t clearly remember since when we started to take our mobile phones to a dinner table. This happens a lot, especially when we eat out. Once a dish comes, instead of lifting our chopsticks, we take out our mobile phones and click. Later, we post the photos onto WeChat, waiting to be “liked”. Then we check our mobile phones from time to time during the meal, to see whether we get “likes” or not. We may seem abstracted at dinner. Does that sound familiar (熟悉的) to you? Do you do that often? If not, how do you feel when others do that when having dinner with you? A recent study shows that what we are used to doing is not so good. Spending time taking photos of food makes the food less pleasant. To test this, some researchers did an experiment. Some people were asked to take photos before they could enjoy food. As a result, it showed that the more photos they took, ▲ . So, why not stop taking photos and just enjoy the food in front of you? Besides the scientific result, there are also some other bad influences of taking photos of food before meals. After posting the photos onto the Internet, one will not be able to control himself and check his mobile phone many times. “Does everyone like my photos? I hope a lot of people like them!” It seems that your mobile phone secretly calls your name all the time, even when you are with real people. Also, others may think that you think your “likes” are more important, but they themselves less. So, next time you go out to have dinner with your family or friends, how about not taking photos of food? Let the food be delicious as it is and share your life with people around you. Trust me, it will be a wonderful time. 1．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3? A．the less cheerful they became B．the more interested they were in the food C．the less delicious the food seemed to them D．the more “liked” they got on WeChat 2．What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 4? A．People often treat mobiles as real people. B．People regard mobiles as their secret friends. C．People often make phone calls when they get together. D．People pay more attention to mobiles than to real people. 3．Which of the following is the writer’s opinion? A．We take out our mobiles and click when a dish comes. B．We check our mobiles from time to time during the meal. C．Spending time taking photos of food makes the food less pleasant. D．Some people were asked to take photos before they could enjoy food. 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Taking photos of food can bring us a wonderful life. B．We can take photos of delicious food and share them with others. C．We should have dinner with our family and friends at home. D．We should enjoy life with people around us instead of taking photos of food. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了人们在外出吃饭时总是带着手机，花时间拍照使食物的美味性降低。因此作者建议我们应该和周围的人一起享受生活，而不是拍食物的照片。 1．推理判断题。根据第三段“Spending time taking photos of food makes the food less pleasant.”及“As a result, it showed that the more photos they took, …. So, why not stop taking photos and just enjoy the food in front of you?”可知，他们拍的照片越多，他们觉得食物越不好。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据第四段“It seems that your mobile phone secretly calls your name all the time, even when you are with real people.”及上下文可知，即使和真实的人在一起也会更关心手机里的人的信息，因此人们更关注手机而不是真人。故选D。 3．观点态度题。根据最后一段“So, next time you go out to have dinner with your family or friends, how about not taking photos of food? Let the food be delicious as it is and share your life with people around you. Trust me, it will be a wonderful time.”可知，作者不赞成给食物拍照，认为花时间给食物拍照会让食物变得不那么令人愉快。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“So, next time you go out to have dinner with your family or friends, how about not taking photos of food? Let the food be delicious as it is and share your life with people around you. Trust me, it will be a wonderful time.”可知，我们应该和周围的人一起享受生活，而不是拍食物的照片。故选D。 （24-25九年级下·浙江杭州·阶段练习）Could you imagine being in a car driven by a computer, not a human? Recently, China has made a big step toward self-driving technology. Since August, 2022, driver less taxis can run on roads in Wuhan, Chongqing, Shenzhen… Why do we develop self-driving cars? Self-driving cars give us many benefits (好处). They use computers to sense the things around them and make better use of space. This means fewer traffic jams and better parking of cars. For disabled or blind people, self-driving cars can also help them get around more easily. According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, each year more than 135 million people are killed on roads around the world. Many more get hurt. Self-driving cars could reduce road accidents by 90 percent and save governments a lot of money. The main cause of car accidents is human error. By using computers, self-driving cars don’t make poor decisions or lose focus like humans do. But self-driving cars aren’t perfect. If something unexpected on the road happens, self-driving cars can’t react (反应) as fast as a human driver could. Also, during weather events like heavy snow, self-driving cars would be difficult to see the lines on the road. It might lead to an accident. The car’s computer system could also get hacked (非法入侵) by someone, causing it to crash or change its destination (目的地). It’s clear that there is a lot of work to do to make self-driving cars a common and safe sight on roads. And China is taking the lead in making this happen. 1．The underlined word “error” is similar to ________. A．mind B．mistake C．idea D．advice 2．Why can self-driving cars help reduce road accidents? A．Because there will be fewer traffic jams. B．Because they can correct human mistakes while driving. C．Because their computers don’t “lose focus” like humans do. D．Because their computers know all road accidents ahead of time. 3．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The weaknesses of self-driving cars. B．The benefits of having a human driver. C．How road accidents usually happen. D．How the computers in self-driving cars work. 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．Self-driving cars might cause accidents on sunny days. B．Self-driving cars are already commonly seen in China. C．Self-driving cars often change their ways and bring lots of problems. D．China is trying to make self-driving cars safer and more common. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了自动驾驶汽车的发展、优点和不足之处。 1．词句猜测题。根据“The main cause of car accidents is human error.”及“By using computers, self-driving cars don’t make poor decisions or lose focus like humans do.”可知，车祸的主要原因是人为失误。通过使用计算机，自动驾驶汽车不会像人类那样做出糟糕的决定或失去注意力。划线词的意思是“失误”，“error”指人类驾驶中的“错误”，与mistake 同义，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“By using computers, self-driving cars don’t make poor decisions or lose focus like humans do.”可知，自动驾驶汽车的电脑不会像人类一样分心或犯错，因此减少事故，故选C。 3．段落大意题。根据“But self-driving cars aren’t perfect.”可知，第四段主要讨论自动驾驶汽车的缺陷，故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“It’s clear that there is a lot of work to do to make self-driving cars a common and safe sight on roads. And China is taking the lead in making this happen.”可知，中国正努力推动自动驾驶汽车的普及与安全发展，故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题07 阅读理解之说明文15篇 (浙江中考真题+中考模拟) 浙江中考真题练 （2024·浙江·中考真题）Every year, lots of animals around the world go on migrating (迁徙 ) journeys. Some need to find food, others are looking for somewhere to produce and raise their young. Migrations can be long and difficult for animals, but new research on birds has found that farmland along the way can help their progress. In spring, hundreds of thousands of birds living near Lake Poyang, in China, fly north to Siberia, Russia. On the way, they find places to stop and eat to keep their energy levels up for the long journey. Some birds, such as geese, eat young grass that starts to grow at the beginning of the season. This food can last for only a few weeks. And rising temperatures caused by climate change can sometimes make the grass grow earlier than usual. This means that some birds are arriving too late to eat the grass. As more land is used for farming, the natural wetlands where birds like to search for food are disappearing, too. A team of researchers have recently chosen to follow 246 birds, including geese and tundra swans, that are flying from Lake Poyang to Siberia. They find that the birds have changed their diets to adapt (适应) to the environments they pass through. As well as eating grass from the wetlands along the way, the birds are also eating seeds (种子) dropped by farmers. The researchers believe that seeds will become a more important part of migrating birds’ diets as more natural wetlands disappear. They suggest that if farmers use different ways of harvesting, such as using machines that leave behind more seeds in fields, it could help to feed migrating birds. However, they also say wetlands must be protected, so the birds can enjoy different foods during their long journeys. 1．Which can be a reason for animal migration according to Paragraph 1? A．Raising their babies. B．Enjoying the journey. C．Sending food to others. D．Taking care of the old. 2．What problem might the birds meet when flying from Lake Poyang to Siberia? A．There is no grass growing along the way. B．There is a sudden drop in temperature on the way. C．Fewer natural wetlands are left for them to find food. D．Some of the birds set out early and eat too much grass. 3．How do the birds adapt to the environments they pass through? A．By changing their diets. B．By changing the way they fly. C．By making their homes in wetlands. D．By making fiends with farmers. 4．What can be the best title of the text? A．Stop killing, stop polluting B．Save water, save life C．Bids help harvesting work D．Farms help migrating birds （2024·浙江·中考真题）If you are looking for somewhere special to visit in London, we may have the answer for you: Sir John Soane’s Museum. The museum is one of London’s best-kept secrets, and it’s well worth a visit. Sir John, a great architect (建筑师), lived in London during the 18th century (1753—1837), and the amazing thing is that his house is exactly the same as he left it. In fact, visiting the house is just like stepping back in time. There are three floors which are open to the public. You can start on the first floor. This was Sir John’s work area. You can ask the guards about the paintings on the walls as they tell you something about this family and life. And don’t worry about the guards as they are really nice and helpful. Next, you can go downstairs to the ground floor. Here you can see his rich collection of paintings. For example, there is a series (系列) of interesting paintings about 18th century life in London. Now comes the last part, the underground floor. It’s full of thousands of valuable objects, such as sculptures (雕塑) and models of famous buildings from all over the world. Walking around this part of the house is a bit like being on a treasure hunt, as you can find things hidden away in secret corners. Anyway, you’ll have to go there yourself to see. Sir John Soane’s Museum is a very small place. It’s only about ten minutes’ walk from the British Museum. There is a free hour-long guided tour every Saturday at 2:30 pm, but the best thing is just to walk about by yourself. So now you know where to go next time you’re in London. We guarantee that it’s an experience you won’t forget! 1．Why is Sir John Soane’s Museum special according to Paragraph 1? A．It is the oldest museum in London. B．There is a time machine in it. C．It is kept the same as Sir John left it. D．There are lots of secret boxes in it. 2．In which order does the writer advise people to visit the museum? ①the underground floor ②the ground floor ③the first floor A．①②③ B．②①③ C．①③② D．③②① 3．What can be seen on the ground floor of the museum? A．A series of interesting paintings. B．Pictures of Sir John and his family. C．A valuable collection of sculptures. D．Models of famous buildings in the world. 4．What does the underlined word “guarantee” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．hear B．decide C．promise D．remember 浙江中考模拟真题练 （24-25九年级下·浙江温州·开学考试）。 A young boy is crying because his ear hurts. Then a man comes out of the forest. He carries some juice from a white fungus. Carefully, he puts the juice into the boy’s ear. In some rainforest villages of South America, that’s how earaches are cured! Rainforest doctors, called shamans, use many kinds of plants as medicines. They make tea from one type of red vine (藤蔓). It cures stomachaches. Yellow flowers from another plant are used to treat snakebite. The leaves of a particular plant in the rainforest can be made into a kind of medicine to help reduce the pain of cuts. Local shamans have used the curing power of plants for thousands of years. Learning from the Shamans Today, scientists from all over the world want to learn what these shamans know about plant medicines. They are racing to find the secrets of the rainforest before the plants disappear. And the rainforest are disappearing fast. Every year, people cut down an area of rainforest as large as Florida. Sometimes they want to use the land for farms. Sometimes they cut down the trees and sell the wood. Now the scientists travel by boat or on foot to tiny rainforest villages. Then they spend long hours making their way through the hot and humid forest with the local shamans. The shamans show the scientists which plants can be used as cures. Saving the Rainforest One U.S. company has already found an important new medicine. It comes from a plant found in the rainforest of Ecuador. This kind of medicine may soon be used to cure lung infections (肺部感染) in kids. Rainforest plants might cure many bad diseases, such as cancer and AIDS. So medicine companies are working to save the rainforests. When people buy medicines made from the rainforest plants, part of the money will go to help save the rainforests. If the rainforests survive, someday you may find cures in your home that are made from white fungus and red vines. 1．How does the writer lead in the topic of the passage? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving an example. C．By answering a question. D．By expressing opinions. 2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．Many rainforest plants are used as medicines. B．The rainforests in the US are disappearing fast. C．Local shamans can cure different kinds of diseases. D．There’re many plants in the rainforests of South America. 3．What do scientists do to learn from the shamans? A．Enter the race to find the secrets of the rainforest. B．Found companies to study the plants in the rainforest. C．Travel to rainforest villages to help save the rainforest. D．Travel with the shamans to learn about the cures of the plants. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Rainforest Doctors B．Rainforest Medicines C．The Medicine Companies D．The Surviving Rainforest （24-25九年级下·浙江金华·阶段练习）。 From social relationships to work challenges, Chinese people are turning to DeepSeek to deal with different personal matters. They describe sharing their thoughts and receiving helpful responses (回应) from the popular chatbot. As a rising trend on social media, AI therapy (疗法) is changing the way people look for mental health support. But can AI really replace a human therapist (治疗学家)? Around the world, 45 percent of people who needed mental health care in 2024 did not receive it, with problems including cost and being short of providers, according to Huntington Psychological (心理) Services. Daniel Lowd, a professor at the University of Oregon, believes AI could help solve the absence of therapy services. “If people can find some support and thoughts by talking to Chatbots, then I think that’s wonderful,” Lowd told Newsweek. Li Yong, a doctor at the Jiangsu Province Hospital, agreed with Lowd, saying that AI meets people’s needs for emotional support. By using basic knowledge of psychotherapy, DeepSeek can help with some mental problems through comforting responses. However, he points out that AI cannot completely replace experts because the human touch is important for therapeutic services. Therapists develop a deeper understanding of people’s emotions and needs through communication, which allows them to offer more helpful treatment plans. The use of AI in psychotherapy also has made people question if its answers can be trusted. “AI chatbots will respond as therapists if asked, without any of the management, training or responsibility of a human counselor (顾问),” Richard Lachman, a professor told Newsweek. Experts believe the key to AI therapy lies in proper government management. Wysa, for example, is a mental health app that offers therapeutic conversations with an AI chatbot. In 2022, it worked with the UK’s National Health Service, following a list of strict standards. As AI becomes more a part of our lives, understanding its influence on human psychology means finding a balance between what’s helpful and what’s dangerous, Euronews reported. 1．How does the writer develop the first paragraph? A．By giving an example. B．By telling a story. C．By comparing two facts. D．By imagining a scene. 2．How can AI help in mental health care according to Daniel Lowd? A．By offering more medical costs. B．By solving the absence of therapy services. C．By training professional teachers. D．By replacing all human therapists. 3．Why does Li Yong believe AI cannot fully replace human therapists? A．Because AI chatbots are short of basic knowledge of psychotherapy. B．Because AI chatbots cannot provide comforting responses. C．Because Human therapists better understand emotions and needs. D．Because Human therapispts can follow strict government rules well. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．The importance of the management for AI therapy. B．The influence of AI chatbots in human psychology. C．The introduction to a popular mental health app. D．The differences between AI and human therapists. （24-25九年级下·浙江金华·阶段练习）。 The lion dance is an important art form in China. It is performed at many festivals, especially Chinese New Year. Many believe it brings good luck and prevents bad spirits. It is a way to create a festive atmosphere (气氛). The dance is often performed by two artists dressed in a lion costume. The one in the front is the head and front limbs. The one behind is the back and hind legs. As the dance includes many difficult movements, the artists need to practice kung fu to perform it well. The lion dance experienced a peak (巅峰) in popularity during the Tang Dynasty, when it was one of the court dances. But its history dates back longer. Historical records show that it was being performed as early as the Han Dynasty. The dance’s origins are not certain. Some say an emperor dreamed of a strange animal after a war. He wanted to know what it was. His advisors told him that this animal was a lion. The emperor thought it was a gift from heaven and asked people to make this animal. The “lion models” were used in the future battles to encourage soldiers. Others say that the lion dance had to do with Emperor Zhang of Han. At that time, a lion was sent to the emperor. It was so difficult to control that it ended up being beaten to death by court servants. To avoid being punished, two servants dressed up as the lion and copied its behavior. As time goes by, two kinds of lion dances developed, the northern and the southern. The northern lion looks more real, while the southern lion looks more like a dragon. The northern lion makes great use of its prancing legs. The southern lion makes dramatic head thrusts to the sound of drums and gongs. Whichever form it takes, it stands for power and wisdom in Chinese culture. 1．What does the second paragraph mainly tell us? A．What the lion dance is about. B．How people perform the lion dance. C．Where the lion dance is performed. D．Why people create the lion dance. 2．What can be learned about the lion dance? A．It is performed on Christmas Day. B．It experiences a very hard time. C．It develops two kinds in North China. D．It is a symbol of power and wisdom. 3．Why did the writer mention two emperors? A．To deacribe the emperors’ fear to the lion. B．To show the emperors’ love to the dance. C．To show the beginning of the Lion Dance. D．To tell the importance of the Lion Dance. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．A Tradition of Good Luck and Courage B．A Dance of Freedom and Beauty C．An Animal of Speed and Power D．An Emperor of Power and Wisdom （2025·浙江·模拟预测）①That future is almost here. “I think it’s going to happen. Definitely in ten years...and hopefully much, much faster,” said Sebastian Thrun in 2021. At that time, or Electronic Vertical Take-Off and Landing vehicle (车辆). ②Flying to work or school sounds unbelievable. Not only is it fun to fly, but “There would never be traffic again, because the sky is very, very large.” says Thrun. He also thinks eVTOLs could be greener than common cars. “We go much faster, we go in a straight line, we fly on less energy.” he says. ③So far, though, flying cars haven’t taken off as a product. Will their day come? There are still many problems to solve. Their high price means most people won’t be able to afford one. So, many developers are aiming to make them self-flying—no human pilot needed. ④Another problem is space. Most aircraft need long runways to take off and land. Lifting straight up and down like a helicopter solves this problem. But eVTOLs still need special spaces, called vertiports, for take-off and landing. Finding places to put these could be tricky, especially in crowded cities. But maybe some could go on top of buildings. ⑤What do you think? Would you enjoy riding to school or to visit a friend in a self-flying taxi? Are flying cars a good idea, or should we find other ways to get around in the near future? 1．What is Sebastian Thrun’s opinion about eVTOLs? A．They may cause serious traffic jams in the sky. B．They won’t be invented in the coming ten years. C．It may take much more time to travel by eVTOLs. D．They save energy and help protect the environment. 2．Why are some developers aiming to make self-flying cars? A．To make them cheaper. B．To provide more space. C．To solve safety problems. D．To compete with common cars. 3．What does the underlined word “tricky” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．convenient B．funny C．difficult D．necessary 4．What is the possible structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． （24-25九年级下·浙江宁波·阶段练习）On April 18 each year, people all over the world celebrate the International Day for Monuments and Sites (国际古迹遗址日). In China, young people are realizing the importance of their history and culture. Many are even doing their best to show the respect (敬重). Finding new artifacts (文物) Xu Danyang, a 29-year-old archaeologist, found an amazing bronze statue (铜像) at the Sanxingdui site in Sichuan. In 2021, he dug out this statue. In the beginning, his team thought it was a bird. But as they continued the digging, they had a surprise. It turned out to be a statue of a man, about 16 cm high. It shows a man kneeling with his head turned, and it surprises everyone who sees it. Making maps for protection Wu Yunjie who was born in the 1990s found a new way—by making a special map to show the best cultural sites in China. He visits places in person and adds them to his map, making sure we all remember them. He marked almost 10,000 places like old temples, towers, bridges and houses. Each site with colorful marks showed how special and important they are. Now, Wu asks for help from people online to make his map better and better. And he hopes to share this amazing map with everyone who respects history and culture soon. Making explanations (解释) fun Zhang Bin is a 31-year-old tour guide at Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum Site Museum in Xi’an, Shaanxi. He works to answer visitors’ questions about the famous Terracotta Warriors (兵马俑) and shares all of his knowledge about them. Zhang often uses the traditional Chinese performance art of Xiangsheng to explain them. He is doing something meaningful for the site. 1．How many ways are mentioned to protect and promote Chinese cultural sites in this passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．Why were Xu Danyang and his team surprised at the bronze statue? A．Because the statue was scared with his head turned. B．Because the statue is much smaller than they expected. C．Because the statue changed from a bird into a kneeling child. D．Because the statue which they thought was a bird turned out to be a man. 3．What does Wu Yunjie do to make his map of Chinese cultural sites? ①He marks sites on his map.  ②He visits places in person. ③He asks for help online.        ④He answers visitors’ questions. A．①②④ B．①②③ C．②③④ D．①③④ 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Spreading Traditional Chinese Art B．Introducing Chinese Cultural Sites C．Respecting History with Action D．Developing Chinese Art together （24-25九年级下·浙江金华·阶段练习）It was 10 p.m. on a Wednesday night. Fourteen-year-old Li Gong sat at his desk and stared at a blank sheet of paper. Li had to write a 600-word book report and the deadline was the next day. The problem? He hadn’t read the book. Li opened an AI app on his computer and entered the words “Book report, 600 words, The Old Man and the Sea.” In less than a minute, the boy had his book report. Several days later, Li was called into his teacher’s office. Unfortunately, his teacher was very familiar with computers and AI apps. One of the apps examined his students’ writing to find cheating (作弊). Li had been caught! But his teacher was kind. Instead of punishing the boy, he explained that while AI apps were a helpful shortcut (捷径) for some things, there was no shortcut to learning. Learning how to write well has great value to understanding a subject and expressing your own ideas about it. An AI app depends on a collection of information that someone has uploaded onto a computer system. A specially trained algorithm (算法) processes the information to produce the type of writing someone might need. It’s useful for writing business emails, legal documents and even news reports, but it’s not useful for expressing your personal ideas and thoughts. Writing is the most difficult of all the language skills. You need to be good at grammar and have a good vocabulary. Writing also requires you to think clearly. For example, Li Gong was supposed to read Earnest Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea and find out what it was about. It’s a sad story, but what does it all mean? If Li had read the book and written the book report, he would have learned a lot and had the satisfaction of expressing his own ideas about the story. That’s something AI can not do. 1．Why was Li Gong called into his teacher’s office? A．He had the best book report in class. B．He missed the deadline for his book report. C．His teacher wanted to praise him for his report. D．His report was found as cheating through an AI app. 2．What lesson did the teacher want to teach Li Gong? A．AI apps are useless for students. B．Punishment is necessary for cheating. C．Shortcuts like AI can’t replace the value of learning. D．Writing book reports is a waste of time for students. 3．According to the passage, in which situation might AI apps be helpful? A．Writing a personal diary. B．Creating a business email. C．Discussing feelings in a poem. D．Expressing someone’s own ideas. 4．What may the writer of the passage agree with? A．It’s necessary to read books for schoolwork. B．It’s important to use grammar and vocabulary in writing. C．AI can think clearly and express freely on the computer. D．AI can’t meet the satisfaction of expressing one’s own ideas about a story. （24-25九年级下·浙江金华·阶段练习）A few years ago, I did research on moss (苔藓) to make a living. Once I accidentally mentioned my job to my barber, he laughed at me. Then every time I got my haircut, he couldn’t get past it. My example certainly isn’t a one off situation. Researchers across all fields of science have had similar experiences. But I feel plant scientists are forced to go through such situations especially regularly. Many people ask me why I am not doing more “useful” studies on things like cancer or dementia. My answer to their questions is simple. Plant science can help feed the world. Millions of people worldwide die of hunger every year. It’s not that we aren’t producing enough food; it’s just that we are wasting a lot of it. Plant science can help to reduce this waste. One example is apples that brown slower. They are less likely to be thrown away. Plants can also help us protect our environment. They are important in our fight against climate change. Moreover, discoveries in plant science have also paved the way for studies in many other areas of science. In short, plant science isn’t useless at all. At an event at a local secondary school, I was surprised to learn that none of the teenagers aged from 14 to 15 could recognize the rice plant. This perhaps shows the level of interest in plants among today’s young people. It’s very worrying. If students aren’t interested in plants, they are unlikely to study them in the future. They will never know how important plant science is. Schools could and should do more to change their ideas. The Rocket Science campaign (活动) was a great example. It saw six hundred thousand children become space biologists. The pupils sowed and grew seeds that later spent six months on the International Space Station. Such events are able to arouse students’ interest in plant science. Unfortunately, there are too few of them. Plant science is much more useful than many people think. I hope that more people, especially young students, will take a second look at it. 1．What do we know according to paragraph 1? A．The barber always laughed at her terrible haircut. B．Studying moss was the only way she made a living. C．Plant scientists are usually looked down by others. D．None of researchers has similar experiences like her. 2．The writer thinks plant science is useful for the following reasons EXCEPT ________? A．it reduces food waste. B．it fights against climate change C．it supports other fields in science D．it produces enough food 3．What does the underlined word “recognize” mean in paragraph 3? A．Tell. B．Cook. C．Grow. D．Water. 4．What does the writer hope for in the future? A．People will no longer think science is useless B．More people will pay attention to plants in nature. C．Plant science will be more useful than other fields of science. D．Young Students will become more interested in plant science. （24-25九年级下·浙江金华·阶段练习）Twenty years ago, when Andrew Westbrook was in college, he had a hard time staying focused in class. He certainly had the ability to focus—when he got lost in a good book, for example, thinking felt effortless. But when it came to some other tasks, thinking felt like pulling teeth. Westbrook managed to graduate in the end. Now he is a neuroscientist (神经学家). His research is shaking up old ideas about why we struggle with certain tasks. For years, scientists thought that mentally tiring tasks like writing and solving math problems required more energy than easier ones like looking out the window. As a result, these harder tasks would make us run out of fuel—and lose focus—more quickly. But the brain is a complex machine. It’s always doing heavy lifting. Even when you’re just looking around a room, your brain is dealing with lots of information (from your eyes) and using lots of energy. But we don’t think of such tasks as hard work, do we? According to Westbrook’s studies, we often think certain tasks are harder than they really are. “When you are thinking about doing a difficult task, it often feels much worse than when you are actually doing it,” Westbrook says. But this early “mental hurdle (障碍)” can lead us to put off the task or even avoid it altogether. “If we can get over this hurdle, thinking will become easier,” he adds. Westbrook’s team has found ways to help us do just that. For one, he suggests focusing on the benefits of completing the task rather than the effort it takes. We can also try to get into a mental state called “flow (心流).” When people are in this state, they seem not to care how hard the task is. One key to entering to “flow” is to reduce uncertainty. Before writing a book report, for example, you can set yourself a time limit. How much can you get done in 15 minutes? Finally, it can help to make these mentally tiring tasks a habit. Try doing them at the same time and place every day of week. After a few weeks, focusing on these tasks won’t just feel easier—it will be easier. 1．When Andrew Westbrook was in college, he found it hard to ________. A．focus on certain tasks B．find interesting books C．understand his classes D．stay focused on any activity 2．According to Westbrook’s studies, which of the following is TRUE? A．All tasks required the same amount of mental effort. B．Harder tasks would make us lose focus more quickly. C．Looking around the room could be as tiring as writing tasks. D．We put off some certain tasks because it is too difficult to finish. 3．According to the passage, who might it easier to enter “flow”? A．Jim, 40, a creative art designer always works in a quiet environment. B．Susan, 30, a manager in a big company usually set a time limit or a clear goal. C．Lucy, 35, a housewife often tries to get everything done in 15 minutes. D．David, 15, a middle-school student seldom put off hard tasks until the last minute. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of passage? A．①②/③④/⑤⑥/⑦ B．①/②③④/⑤⑥/⑦ C．①②/③④⑤/⑥⑦ D．①/②③④/⑤/⑥⑦ （2024·浙江·模拟预测）Being able to play a musical instrument is without doubt, useful, You can entertain (使快乐) guests with a piano piece at a dinner, or make friends by joining a band. Besides, those who play musical instruments have often been found to perform better on cognitive tests (认知测试). Some studies compared the cognitive ability of musicians and non-musicians. Their findings showed that musical training could bring small but important cognitive benefits.  ▲ , these studies had short monitoring (监测) periods. This made it impossible to find out if these cognitive changes remained throughout a person’s lifetime. Judith Okely at Edinburgh University found a way to solve the problem. In 1947, the Scottish government tested the intelligence (智力) of almost every 11-year-old child in the country. In 1997, Dr Okely’s team contacted (联系) 1091 of those children and tested their intelligence once more between 2004 and 2007. The study continues and the participants (参与者) need to take a cognitive test every three years. In 2017, Katie Overy, also at Edinburgh University asked the original (最初的) participants about their musical experiences over the years. The participants were asked how many instruments they played and what their training was like. They were also asked to record how many years of regular practice they had had and what performance level they had reached. A total of 366 participants provided useful information and 117 mentioned that they had some degree of experience with musical instruments. All in all, the researchers have found that there is a close relationship between the playing of an instrument and a person’s change in cognitive ability. Moreover, the longer people practice playing an instrument, the more likely they are to show a positive cognitive change over the course of their lives. The influence is small, but it remains important. 1．Which of the following can best fill in the blank ▲ in Paragraph 2? A．Also B．However C．Though D．What’s more 2．What does the underlined word “problem” refer to? A．The studies were made in only one country. B．The studies were done over a short period of time. C．The studies didn’t have enough adult participants. D．The studies only included professional musicians. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．It took Dr Okely’s team five years to test the 1091 participants. B．Kids are asked to take an intelligence test every year in Scotland. C．In 2017, less than one third of the 366 participants had musical experiences. D．Over 300 participants thought that learning to play an instrument was helpful. 4．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A．Music can sometimes change the way people see things. B．People’s cognitive ability has something to do with their ages. C．People’s cognitive ability is difficult to change in a short time. D．More practice in playing an instrument can help improve one’s cognition. （2025·浙江温州·一模）。 Every summer, thousands of swamp sparrows (沼泽麻雀) sing songs in the North America’s wetlands. These special brown birds only know a few songs, but they sing them very well. In fact, their song list hasn’t changed much for hundreds of years. Like humans, baby swamp sparrows learn songs from their elders. “Swamp sparrows just make few mistakes when they learn their songs.” says biologist Robert Lachlan. Actually, they copy the music so well that it stays the same from the elder to the young. “Just like children, the sparrows don’t remember every song they hear,” Lachlan says. “They just pick up the songs they hear most often. It’s an example of what scientists call ‘conformist bias’.” Until recently, this learning ability was thought to be special only to humans. Between 2008 and 2009, Lachlan’s team recorded the songs of 615 swamp sparrows across the northeastern United States. The study found that only 2% of these sparrows sang a different song, while the other sparrows sang songs just from their list. “The song-types that you hear in the wetland of North America today may have been there 1,000 years ago.” says Lachlan. However, another team found that a few sparrows changed their song list in recent years. Now scientists are exploring the influence of losing habitat (栖息地) on songbirds. Man-made barriers—such as cities, roads and plantations—can break up a bird population into a number of isolated (孤立的) groups. It stops birds from sharing their songs with each other. “The findings are really exciting.” says scientist Andrew Farnsworth. He hopes that future research will start from these studies. For example, scientists might learn how other animals keep their cultural traditions alive. Farnsworth adds, “It’s really cool to think this could happen in other animals too.” 1．What is special about swamp sparrows? A．They can sing many songs. B．They learn songs from humans. C．They help elders make new songs. D．They keep the same song list for years. 2．What is “conformist bias” in Paragraph 3? A．A song list. B．A science team. C．A learning ability. D．A human tradition. 3．Why did a few sparrows change their song list recently? A．Man-made buildings break the birds up. B．The changes of weather in North America. C．People hunt a large number of swamp sparrows. D．Swamp sparrows stay in the wetland all the year. 4．What can be the best title of the text? A．Copy music from birds B．Protect traditional songs C．The 1000-year bird songs D．The home-losing animals （2025·浙江温州·一模）。 Lake Bled is one of the most beautiful places in northwestern Slovenia, a country in Europe. It is at the bottom of the Julian Alps Mountains. And it only takes about half an hour to get there by car from the capital, Ljubljana. The beauty of the area attracts visitors from all over the world. Visitors to the lake can find a lot of activities to do. Besides taking long walks around the lake, you can take a visit to Bled Island in the middle of the lake. That’s the most popular part. You can get there by taking a traditional Pletna boat or rowing a small boat by yourself. After you reach the island, you can visit the Church of Oswald, ring the wishing bell and climb up the clock tower. Next, you can head to Bled Castle. The castle is built on a hill by the lake and offers beautiful views over the lake and the town of Bled. You can learn the story and significance of the area in the castle. There is a museum in the upper courtyard (庭院). You can discover the history of Lake Bled and enjoy historical artworks there. Nature lovers should hike to Ojstrica. It stands high above Lake Bled. The climb to Ojstrica takes about 20 minutes. It is short but dangerous. There is a chair at the top of Ojstrica, where you can enjoy the most wonderful view of Lake Bled. For where to stay, you can get a room at Carman Guest House. It offers great scenery of Bled Island. Also, it is only a short walk from the town center. You can find many shops and restaurants there. So if you are looking for somewhere for your next trip, Lake Bled is truly a place worth visiting. 1．Where is Lake Bled? A．At the top of the Alps. B．In the southwest of Europe. C．Near the capital, Ljubljana. D．In the middle of Slovenia. 2．What can visitors do on Bled Island? A．Visit the church. B．Stay in the hotel. C．Do some shopping. D．Learn about the history. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．It is very easy for visitors to hike to Ojstrica. B．Carman Guest House is far away from the town center. C．Visitors can buy some artworks in the museum in Bled Castle. D．Visitors can enjoy the best view of the lake at the top of Ojstrica. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?(①= paragraph 1) A． B． C． D． （24-25九年级下·浙江杭州·阶段练习）We can’t clearly remember since when we started to take our mobile phones to a dinner table. This happens a lot, especially when we eat out. Once a dish comes, instead of lifting our chopsticks, we take out our mobile phones and click. Later, we post the photos onto WeChat, waiting to be “liked”. Then we check our mobile phones from time to time during the meal, to see whether we get “likes” or not. We may seem abstracted at dinner. Does that sound familiar (熟悉的) to you? Do you do that often? If not, how do you feel when others do that when having dinner with you? A recent study shows that what we are used to doing is not so good. Spending time taking photos of food makes the food less pleasant. To test this, some researchers did an experiment. Some people were asked to take photos before they could enjoy food. As a result, it showed that the more photos they took, ▲ . So, why not stop taking photos and just enjoy the food in front of you? Besides the scientific result, there are also some other bad influences of taking photos of food before meals. After posting the photos onto the Internet, one will not be able to control himself and check his mobile phone many times. “Does everyone like my photos? I hope a lot of people like them!” It seems that your mobile phone secretly calls your name all the time, even when you are with real people. Also, others may think that you think your “likes” are more important, but they themselves less. So, next time you go out to have dinner with your family or friends, how about not taking photos of food? Let the food be delicious as it is and share your life with people around you. Trust me, it will be a wonderful time. 1．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3? A．the less cheerful they became B．the more interested they were in the food C．the less delicious the food seemed to them D．the more “liked” they got on WeChat 2．What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 4? A．People often treat mobiles as real people. B．People regard mobiles as their secret friends. C．People often make phone calls when they get together. D．People pay more attention to mobiles than to real people. 3．Which of the following is the writer’s opinion? A．We take out our mobiles and click when a dish comes. B．We check our mobiles from time to time during the meal. C．Spending time taking photos of food makes the food less pleasant. D．Some people were asked to take photos before they could enjoy food. 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Taking photos of food can bring us a wonderful life. B．We can take photos of delicious food and share them with others. C．We should have dinner with our family and friends at home. D．We should enjoy life with people around us instead of taking photos of food. （24-25九年级下·浙江杭州·阶段练习）Could you imagine being in a car driven by a computer, not a human? Recently, China has made a big step toward self-driving technology. Since August, 2022, driver less taxis can run on roads in Wuhan, Chongqing, Shenzhen… Why do we develop self-driving cars? Self-driving cars give us many benefits (好处). They use computers to sense the things around them and make better use of space. This means fewer traffic jams and better parking of cars. For disabled or blind people, self-driving cars can also help them get around more easily. According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, each year more than 135 million people are killed on roads around the world. Many more get hurt. Self-driving cars could reduce road accidents by 90 percent and save governments a lot of money. The main cause of car accidents is human error. By using computers, self-driving cars don’t make poor decisions or lose focus like humans do. But self-driving cars aren’t perfect. If something unexpected on the road happens, self-driving cars can’t react (反应) as fast as a human driver could. Also, during weather events like heavy snow, self-driving cars would be difficult to see the lines on the road. It might lead to an accident. The car’s computer system could also get hacked (非法入侵) by someone, causing it to crash or change its destination (目的地). It’s clear that there is a lot of work to do to make self-driving cars a common and safe sight on roads. And China is taking the lead in making this happen. 1．The underlined word “error” is similar to ________. A．mind B．mistake C．idea D．advice 2．Why can self-driving cars help reduce road accidents? A．Because there will be fewer traffic jams. B．Because they can correct human mistakes while driving. C．Because their computers don’t “lose focus” like humans do. D．Because their computers know all road accidents ahead of time. 3．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The weaknesses of self-driving cars. B．The benefits of having a human driver. C．How road accidents usually happen. D．How the computers in self-driving cars work. 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．Self-driving cars might cause accidents on sunny days. B．Self-driving cars are already commonly seen in China. C．Self-driving cars often change their ways and bring lots of problems. D．China is trying to make self-driving cars safer and more common. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$