重点11 定语从句 - 备战2025年中考英语一轮巩固重点语法分类精练(全国通用）

重点11 定语从句 目录 （1）关系代词that,who,which,whom,whose,as引导的定语从句 1 （2）关系副词when,where,why引导的定语从句 2 分类精练 （1）关系代词that,who,which,whom,whose,as引导的定语 一、单选题 1．The hero in my heart is the one spreads ideas to encourage the people in need.（　　） A. where B. that C. which D. whom 2．Some of the courses _______ I took last term were very useful．（　　） A. that B. what C. who D. whom 3．I hate people _________don't help others when they are in trouble．（　　） A. who B. which C. whose D. where 4．The story ______ Lu Peng has just read is about a Gaokao top scorer from Zhejiang Province．（　　） A. who B. what C. which D. whose 5．—Do you know the disabled student from Sichuan Province used his feet to take notes as he prepared to take the gaokao？ —Of course.His name is Peng Chao.（　　） A. who B. whom C. which 6．She lives in a house ________ she built herself out of rubbish. A．where  B．that  C．why  D．how 7．This is the cage .（　　） A. Polly lives B. that Polly lives in it C. where Polly lives in D. that Polly lives in 8．I think the first lesson____________we are learning is very easy．（　　） A. that B. where C. who D. when 9．Being blind is something______most people can't imagine． We should help them．（　　） A. who B. what C. that D. whom 10．According to a recent study，adults______ often do housework might stay healthy into old age.（　　） A. when B. which C. who D. what 二、完成句子 1．上周，我参加了一个志愿者活动，去帮助那些有困难的人。 Last week，I took part in a voluntary activity to help those _____. 2．好朋友是在你困难和快乐时都对你忠诚的人。 A good friend is someone _____ in times of trouble and joy. 3．我们上次在杂志上看到的酒店是鲸鱼形状的。 The hotel _____ in the magazine last time is _____ a whale. 4．那些提前购买机票的旅客通常能得到好的折扣。 Those passengers _____ can often get a good discount. 5．上周，这个人的狗死于心脏病，他哭了好几天。 Last week，the man _____ a heart attack kept crying for days. 6．他是教我们英语的老师。 He is the teacher __________us English. 7．我更喜欢歌词很棒的歌曲。你呢？ I_____music_____has great lyrics._____you？ 8．我哥哥喜欢声音很大并且令人兴奋的音乐。 My brother likes music _____and exciting. 9．我喜欢穿得很酷的组合。 I like groups _____wear really _____clothes. 10．岳飞是一名爱国大将军。 Yue Fei was a general __________his country. 题型02 关系副词when,where,why引导的定语从句 一、单选题 1．This is the place we spent our happy childhood. A．that B．which C．where D．when 2．I love places __________the people are trying to save their environment. A．that B．where C．who D．which 3．The media today can draw public attention to situation__________ help is actually needed.（　　） A. that B. which C. where D. whose 4．I still remember the park we first met．（　　） A. that B. which C. where D. when 5．I don't know the hero _____ they are talking about， but I do know the city ______ he saved a lot of people.（　　） A. who； where B. which； where C. who； which D. that； which 6．Disney is an amusement park you can find all the normal attractions and Disney movies and characters．（　　） A. which B. where C. that D. when 7．-Is this the village you lived when you were young？ -Yes．I was born here．（　　） A. where B. which C. that D. what 8．I love places ______ the people are really friendly．（　　） A. where B. when C. who D. why 9．I don't know any places you can find a better job. A. where B. who C. which D. what 10．This is the primary school ________ I studied three years ago. A．where  B．when  C．that  D．which 二、完成句子 1．那是我10年前居住的房子。 That is the house ten years ago. 2．汤姆昨天查明了事故发生的原因。 Tom found out the the accident happened yesterday. 3．她开了一家可以在那里卖她的包的小商店。 She opened a small shop she her bags. 4．阿伦有很多次都差点儿因为事故丧命。 There were Aron almost lost his life because of accidents. 5．This is a village. My father worked in the village ten years ago.（把简单句改为包含定语从句的复合句） 6．他撒谎的原因是他害怕受到惩罚。 The he told a lie is that he was afraid of being punished. 7．那就是我喜欢《动物世界》的原因。 I love Animal World. 8．请告诉我你选择这个数字的原因。 Please tell me you choose this . 9．SFLS is a wonderful school. You can learn a lot there. （Combine the sentences. ） 10．in the river, Damin, control, he lives, and, works, his raft, where, can, with, his birds (连词成句) . 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重点11 定语从句 目录 （1）关系代词that,who,which,whom,whose,as引导的定语从句 1 （2）关系副词when,where,why引导的定语从句 8 分类精练 （1）关系代词that,who,which,whom,whose,as引导的定语 一、单选题 1．The hero in my heart is the one spreads ideas to encourage the people in need.（　　） A. where B. that C. which D. whom 【答案】B 【解析】我心中的英雄是传播思想以鼓励有需要的人的人。 根据题干，可知本句是定语从句，先行词是the one，指人，且在从句中作主语，用that引导定语从句。 故选：B。 2．Some of the courses _______ I took last term were very useful．（　　） A. that B. what C. who D. whom 【答案】A 【解析】我上学期学的一些课程很有用． 根据Some of the courses _______ I took last term were very useful，可知Some of the courses一些课程，这是一个表示物的先行词，所以要用that/which来引导定语从句，故选A． 3．I hate people _________don't help others when they are in trouble．（　　） A. who B. which C. whose D. where 【答案】A 【解析】我讨厌那些当别人身处困境时，不愿意帮忙的人． 答案：A 根据"don't help others when they are in trouble"修饰名词people，可知这是定语从句修饰先行词people（人），应用关系词who或whom，根据关系词在从句中处于谓语动词help之前做主语，可知应用who．故选A． 4．The story ______ Lu Peng has just read is about a Gaokao top scorer from Zhejiang Province．（　　） A. who B. what C. which D. whose 【答案】C 【解析】陆鹏刚刚读到的故事是关于浙江的高考状元． who指代人，做主语或宾语．whose谁的，作定语，既可以修饰人也可以修饰物．what什么．which哪个，物做主语．本题中指的是the story，所以应该用which． 故选：C。 5．—Do you know the disabled student from Sichuan Province used his feet to take notes as he prepared to take the gaokao？ —Of course.His name is Peng Chao.（　　） A. who B. whom C. which 【答案】A 【解析】-你知道来自四川省的残疾学生吗，当他准备高考时他用脚记笔记？ -当然。他的名字叫彭超。 A.关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；B.关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作宾语；C.关系代词，指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。先行词是student，在定语从句中作主语，指人。 故选：A。 6．She lives in a house ________ she built herself out of rubbish. A．where  B．that  C．why  D．how 【答案】B 【解析】句意：她住在自己用垃圾建造的房子里。 考查定语从句关系词。where先行词指地点，且在从句中作地点副词；that先行词指人或物，且在从句中作主语或宾语；why先行词the reason，且在从句中作状语；how如何，不引导定语从句。根据“a house ... she built herself out of rubbish”可知此处是定语从句，先行词a house是地点，但从句中缺少宾语，不能用where引导从句，要用that引导定语从句。故选B。 7．This is the cage .（　　） A. Polly lives B. that Polly lives in it C. where Polly lives in D. that Polly lives in 【答案】D 【解析】这就是Polly居住的鸟笼。 分析句式，题干设空处是一个定语从句，修饰先行词cage（鸟笼、笼子），结合选项，从句谓语live in表"居住在"，其后缺少宾语，因此应用关系代词that或which引导；D项表述符合语境。A项缺少介词in；B项it多余；C项where在从句中作状语；均不符合语境和句法结构。 故选：D。 8．I think the first lesson____________we are learning is very easy．（　　） A. that B. where C. who D. when 【答案】A 【解析】我认为我们学的第一课很容易． 定语从句中先行词为物，关系代词用that或which．根据先行词the first lesson可知，先行词为物， 故选：A． 9．Being blind is something______most people can't imagine． We should help them．（　　） A. who B. what C. that D. whom 【答案】C 【解析】C 考查定语从句．当先行词是不定代词时，引导词用that． 故选C． 10．According to a recent study，adults______ often do housework might stay healthy into old age.（　　） A. when B. which C. who D. what 【答案】C 【解析】根据最近的一项研究，经常做家务的成年人到老年可能会保持健康。 when当......时候；which哪个；who谁；what什么。先行词adults"成年人"，用who引导。 故选：C。 二、完成句子 1．上周，我参加了一个志愿者活动，去帮助那些有困难的人。 Last week，I took part in a voluntary activity to help those _____. 【答案】who were in trouble 【解析】上周，我参加了一个志愿者活动，去帮助那些有困难的人。 根据句意可知，空格部分意为"有困难的人"，用定语从句表示，those（那些）指人，用who引导定语从句，be in trouble为固定搭配，意为" 处于困境中"，结合Last week（上周）可知，句子用一般过去时，主语为复数，be动词用were。 故填：who were in trouble。 2．好朋友是在你困难和快乐时都对你忠诚的人。 A good friend is someone _____ in times of trouble and joy. 【答案】who is faithful to you 【解析】好朋友是在你困难和快乐时都对你忠诚的人。 根据句子结构及汉语提示可知，空处用于修饰代词someone作后置定语，意为"忠诚于你的"，可用who引导的定语从句来表达。who谁；is faithful to you对你忠诚。 故填：who is faithful to you。 3．我们上次在杂志上看到的酒店是鲸鱼形状的。 The hotel _____ in the magazine last time is _____ a whale. 【答案】(1)that/which we saw;(2)in the shape of; 【解析】我们上次在杂志上看到的酒店是鲸鱼形状的。 根据last time"上次"可知，时态为一般过去时，we saw我们看见，作定语修饰the hotel"酒店"，指物，关系代词用that或which，也可以省略，in the shape of……形状，介词短语。 故填：that/which we saw；in the shape of。 4．那些提前购买机票的旅客通常能得到好的折扣。 Those passengers _____ can often get a good discount. 【答案】who buy plane tickets in advance/that buy plane tickets in advance 【解析】那些提前购买机票的旅客通常能得到好的折扣。 根据所给句意可知，空白处表示"提前购买机票的"，应用定语从句；先行词passengers"旅客"表示人，可用who或that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语；购买机票buy plane tickets，此句为一般现在时，that/who指代的先行词Those passengers"那些旅客"为复数，buy"买"用原形；提前in advance。 故填：who buy plane tickets in advance/that buy plane tickets in advance。 5．上周，这个人的狗死于心脏病，他哭了好几天。 Last week，the man _____ a heart attack kept crying for days. 【答案】whose dog died of 【解析】上周，这个人的狗死于心脏病，他哭了好几天。 根据中英文对照可知，应在the man"这个人"后加定语从句引导词和分句主语"狗"，此处应用"whose dog"；分句谓语是"死于"，结合a heart attack"心脏病"可知，是死于内因，应用die of"因……而死"，句子描述过去的事情，动词用过去式。 故填：whose dog died of。 6．他是教我们英语的老师。 He is the teacher __________us English. 【答案】(1)who;(2)teaches; 【解析】他是教我们英语的老师。 根据中文，结合英语可知题干包含定语从句。从句的时态是一般现在时。先行词是the teacher，关系代词用who，谓语动词用teaches。 故答案为：who；teaches。 7．我更喜欢歌词很棒的歌曲。你呢？ I_____music_____has great lyrics._____you？ 【答案】(1)prefer;(2)that;(3)How about; 【解析】I prefer music that has great lyrics.How about you？ 根据题干，可知考查：prefer更喜欢；that引导定语从句；How about……怎么样？由句意可知时态是一般现在时。 故答案为prefer；that；How about． 8．我哥哥喜欢声音很大并且令人兴奋的音乐。 My brother likes music _____and exciting. 【答案】that is loud 【解析】我哥哥喜欢声音很大并且令人兴奋的音乐。 分析句子结构可知，music后是一个定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，指的是物，所以可以用that，结合语境可知要用一般现在时；"大声的"是loud。 故填that is loud。 9．我喜欢穿得很酷的组合。 I like groups _____wear really _____clothes. 【答案】(1)who;(2)cool; 【解析】我喜欢穿得很酷的组合。 "who"在从句中作主语，引导定语从句，修饰名词"groups"；"cool"为形容词"酷的"。 故答案为：who；cool。 10．岳飞是一名爱国大将军。 Yue Fei was a general __________his country. 【答案】(1)who/ that;(2)loved; 【解析】岳飞是一名爱国大将军。 分析句子结构可知此处是定语从句，先行词是general，先行词是人且在从句中做主语，定语从句用who/ that引导。love"爱"。主句是一般过去时，根据时态一致，从句也用一般过去时，故用loved。 故填：who/ that；loved。 题型02 关系副词when,where,why引导的定语从句 一、单选题 1．This is the place we spent our happy childhood. A．that B．which C．where D．when 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这就是我们度过快乐童年的地方。在定语从句中如果先行词在从句中作地点状语，则使用关系副词 where。故选C。 本题考查定语从句中关系副词的用法，注意分辨先行词的类型。 2．I love places __________the people are trying to save their environment. A．that B．where C．who D．which 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我喜欢人们努力保护环境的地方。先行词是places，并在定语从句中作地点状语。Where 在定语从句中用作关系副词，作状语，先行词一般指地点。根据句意，故答案为B。 考查定语从句中关系副词的用法。注意掌握关系副词在定语从句中的用法。 3．The media today can draw public attention to situation__________ help is actually needed.（　　） A. that B. which C. where D. whose 【答案】C 【解析】如今的媒体能够把公众的注意力都放在需要帮助的地方。 定语从句中先行词是situation，属于特殊的地点名词，从句主干完整，故situation在从句中做地点状语，故使用关系副词where. 故选：C。 4．I still remember the park we first met．（　　） A. that B. which C. where D. when 【答案】C 【解析】我仍然记得我们第一次见面的那个公园． 答案C． 句意：我仍然记得我们第一次见面的那个公园．分析句子结构，其中"_____we first met"是定语从句，先行词park 是地点名词，在定语从句中作状语，因此用where引导定语从句．故选：C。 5．I don't know the hero _____ they are talking about， but I do know the city ______ he saved a lot of people.（　　） A. who； where B. which； where C. who； which D. that； which 【答案】A 【解析】我不知道他们讨论的是哪个英雄，但是我知道他拯救了很多人的城市。 结合语境，第一句，要表达的是"我不知道他们讨论的是哪个英雄"，先行词是hero，英雄，所以关系词用who.第二句，要表达的是"但是我知道他拯救了很多人的城市。"，先行词是city，结合语境， 可知要用关系副词where. 故选：A。 6．Disney is an amusement park you can find all the normal attractions and Disney movies and characters．（　　） A. which B. where C. that D. when 【答案】B 【解析】迪斯尼乐园是一个娱乐性的公园，在这里你可以找到普通的景点和迪斯尼电影还有人物． which的意思是"哪一个"，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；where的意思是"在哪里"先行词是表地点的名词，并且在定语从句中作地点状语；that的意思是"那个"；when的意思是"什么时候"；根据先行词是"park"公园，在定语从句中作地点状语，因此可知这句话的意思是"迪斯尼乐园是一个娱乐性的公园，在这里你可以找到普通的景点和迪斯尼电影还有人物综上所述，故选B． 7．-Is this the village you lived when you were young？ -Yes．I was born here．（　　） A. where B. which C. that D. what 【答案】A 【解析】--这个是你小时候生活过的村庄吗？ --是的，我在那里出生的． where意思是"在哪里"引导定语从句，在定语从句中作状语，先行词是地点名词；which意思是"哪一个"引导定语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语，先行词是物；that意思是"那个"指人或指物，作主语或宾语；what不引导定语从句．根据空格前面的先行词是village，村庄，地点名词，又根据"you lived"live是不及物动词，因此可知引导词在从句中作状语，所以这句话的意思是"这个是你小时候生活过的村庄吗？"综上所述，故选：A。 8．I love places ______ the people are really friendly．（　　） A. where B. when C. who D. why 【答案】A 【解析】我喜欢人民真的友好的地方． 考查关系副词．where表示地点的关系副词；when表示地点的关系副词；why表示原因的关系副词，先行词必须是reason；places 是表示地点的先行词． 故选：A。 9．I don't know any places you can find a better job. A. where B. who C. which D. what 【答案】A 【解析】我不知道你能找到更好工作的任何地点。 根据观察和分析可知题干包含定语从句。先行词是places（地点），空格处填一个在从句中作地点状语的关系副词。who和which在引导定语从句中，都是作为关系代词使用，不能作状语；what不能引导定语从句；where可在引导的定语从句中作状语。 故选：A。 10．This is the primary school ________ I studied three years ago. A．where  B．when  C．that  D．which 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这是我三年前学习的小学。 考查定语从句关系词。where关系副词，先行词指地点，且在从句中作地点状语；when关系副词，先行词是时间，且在从句中作时间状语；that关系代词，先行词指人或物，且在从句中作主语或宾语；which关系代词，先行词指物，且在从句中作主语或宾语。根据“the primary school”可知先行词指地点，关系副词在从句中作地点状语，用where引导定语从句。故选A。 二、完成句子 1．那是我10年前居住的房子。 That is the house ten years ago. 【答案】 where I lived 【详解】对比中英文句子可知，空格处缺少“居住的”的英文表达，先行词为the house，并且在从句中作地点状语，所以用where引导定语从句，I“我”，live“居住”，根据“ten years ago”可知，从句时态为一般过去时，动词要用过去式。故填where；I；lived。 2．汤姆昨天查明了事故发生的原因。 Tom found out the the accident happened yesterday. 【答案】 reason why 【详解】根据中英文可知，此句是why引导的定语从句。原因：reason 。故填reason；why。 3．她开了一家可以在那里卖她的包的小商店。 She opened a small shop she her bags. 【答案】 where can sell 【详解】本句是定语从句，先行词“a small shop”是地点，因此用关系副词where；can“能够”；sell“卖”，情态动词后跟动词原形。故填where；can；sell。 4．阿伦有很多次都差点儿因为事故丧命。 There were Aron almost lost his life because of accidents. 【答案】 many times when 【详解】根据中英文可知，many times“很多次”，是句子的先行词，表示时间；定语从句成分完整，引导词在定语从句中充当时间状语，要用关系副词when。故填many；times；when。 5．This is a village. My father worked in the village ten years ago.（把简单句改为包含定语从句的复合句） 【答案】This is the village in which my father worked ten years ago./This is the village where my father worked ten years ago. 【详解】句意：这是一个村庄。我父亲十年前在村里工作。根据“This is a village. My father worked in the village ten years ago”可知，其变为定语从句时，先行词应为village，此时其为特指，故前面的a变为the。定语从句为“关系词+my father worked ten years ago”，由于从句不缺成分，先行词表地点，故应用in which或where引导从句，从句应放在先行词之后，主句为“This is the village”。故填This is the village in which my father worked ten years ago./This is the village where my father worked ten years ago. 6．他撒谎的原因是他害怕受到惩罚。 The he told a lie is that he was afraid of being punished. 【答案】 reason why 【详解】结合中英文提示可知，此处缺的是“原因”，英语是名词reason，此处是一个定语从句，先行词是reason，表示原因，所以关系词用why，故填reason why。 7．那就是我喜欢《动物世界》的原因。 I love Animal World. 【答案】That is why/That is the reason why 【详解】根据中文意思可知本题考查That is why/That is the reason why“那就是……的原因”。That is why中的why引导的是表语从句，而 That is the reason why中的why引导的是定语从句，先行词为reason，故填That is why/That is the reason why。 8．请告诉我你选择这个数字的原因。 Please tell me you choose this . 【答案】 the reason why number 【详解】……的原因：the reason why+从句；数字：number，用名词单数。故填the；reason；why；number。 9．SFLS is a wonderful school. You can learn a lot there. （Combine the sentences. ） 【答案】SFLS is a wonderful school where you can learn a lot there. 【详解】句意： SFLS是一所很棒的学校。你可以在那里学到很多东西。根据题干可知，第二小句中的there是指第一句中的SFLS这所学校，所以可以使用定语从句连接句子。先行词是school，引导词可以用where。故填SFLS is a wonderful school where you can learn a lot there. 10．in the river, Damin, control, he lives, and, works, his raft, where, can, with, his birds (连词成句) . 【答案】Damin can control his raft in the river where he lives and works with his birds 【详解】分析所给词及标点可知，此句为含有where引导的定语从句的陈述。Damin是主句的主语；can control是主句的谓语；his raft是主句的宾语；in the river作地点状语；where引导定语从句修饰先行词river；he lives and works with his birds是从句的主谓。故填Damin can control his raft in the river where he lives and works with his birds“大明可以控制他在生活和工作的河流中的筏子，并与他的鸟儿们一起协作”。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$