易错点08 主从复合句(五大易错点+易错通关练)-备战2025年中考英语考试易错题(浙江专用)

易错点08 主从复合句 目录 Group 1 宾语从句的时态、语序与连接词 Group 2 宾语从句中的省略问题 Group 3 状语从句的种类、引导词与时间问题 Group 4 定语从句的先行词、关系词及其作用 Group 5 主语从句、表语从句与同位语从句的基本用法 宾语从句的时态、语序与连接词 要素 要　点 举　例 时态 主句是现在时,从句根据实际情况确定 I think (that) spring is a great season. 通常情况下,主句是过去时,从句用过去的某种时态 She said she would come to my party. 从句表示客观真理时,总是用一般现在时 The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth. 语序 从句一律用陈述语序,即“主语+谓语”结构 引导 词 that(在口语或非正式文体中常省略) He tells me (that) he is going shopping this Sunday. whether、if(在口语中常用if) Let’s see if/whether we can find out some information about that city. who、what、which、when、 where、 how、why等 Do you know when the shop opens every day? 1．My brother hopes I ________ a card for him as his birthday present. A．to buy B．to buying C．buys D．can buy 2．She hopes _________ in Nanjing University after she finishes high school. A．she can study B．her to study C．studies D．she to study 3．—Do you know ________ Miss Liu can join the school leavers’ party next week? —She will if she is free. A．when B．who C．whether D．how 4．—I’m planning to take a trip to Paris. Do you know ________? —It usually rains a lot. You’d better take an umbrella. A．what the weather is like there B．how the weather is like there C．what is the weather like there D．how is the weather there 5．The boy asked his mother ______ go skating on the frozen lake. A．if could he B．whether he could C．how he could D．that he can 6．The company thought that DeepSeek ________ the way people work and live. A．has changed B．was changing C．would change D．will change 7．—What were you and the teacher talking about? —He wondered ________. A．why was I late again B．where I would visit this summer C．what I have done D．how could I know the answer. 8．From the book, my brother learned that the moon _________ around the earth. A．is moving B．moved C．moves D．has moved 9．Our teacher told us that sound _________faster in water than in the air. A．travels B．traveled C．was traveling D．has traveled 10．—Do you know ________ to see the film — Return to the Dust (隐入尘烟)? —Yes, you can go to Spring Cinema. A．where can we go B．where we can go C．when shall we go D．when we shall go 11．Do you know ________ he lives? A．where does B．where C．which does D．which city 12．— I’d like to visit Kate tomorrow. Do you know ________? — Sorry, I don’t know her address, either. A．why she lives there B．why does she live there C．where does she live D．where she lives 13．I don’t think he’s ever been to the Monkey Island, ________? A．isn’t he B．hasn’t he C．has he D．do I 14．— I don’t think Lucy will come today, ________ she? — ________, she won’t. She is ill and stays at home A．won’t; No B．will; No C．won’t; Yes D．will; Yes 15．The teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound. A．travels B．traveled C．would travel D．is traveling 宾语从句中的省略问题 1.that的省略与否 　　that引导宾语从句时, 在句中不充当任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去。但如果是由and连接两个并列的宾语从句时,第二个宾语从句前的that不可省略。如: He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you. 2.句子的语序 由who、whom、which、whose、what、when、where、why、how、whoever、whichever等引导的宾语从句,应注意从句的语序要用陈述语序。例如: Can you explain why he didn’t come to the party last Sunday? 【拓展】 (1)think、believe、imagine、suppose等动词引导的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式,即将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中。 I don’t think the food here agrees with me. We don’t believe he stole money from the shop. (2)动词 doubt 用在疑问句或否定句中时,其后宾语从句常用 that 作连接词;用在肯定句中时,连接词用 whether 或 if 皆可,而不用 that。 Do you doubt that he will win the match? I don’t doubt that he can do a good job of it. He often doubts whether/if he is adequate as a father. 16．The saying “Getting to know each other is the first step in making new friends” tells us ________. A．who we need B．how to make friends C．what a friend is like D．where we should go 17．No one tells us ________, so we need your help. A．how we should do B．how to do it C．what should we do D．what to do it 18．The math problem is so difficult, and I really don’t know ________. A．how to do it B．how to do C．what to do it D．which to do 19．—Could you show me ________ use the sweeping robot? —No problem. A．what to B．how to C．when to D．where to 20．The real fact is that many customers (顾客) just don’t know who __________ solve problems with house qualities. A．to complain to to B．to complain to C．to complain D．complained 21．There are different kinds of books in Xinhua bookstore. I don’t know ________. A．what to buy B．which to buy C．how to buy D．where to buy 22．He didn’t know English at all, so he can’t understand ______ the machine. A．what to control B．to control what C．how to control D．to control how 23．Could you tell me where ________ the bank? A．to find B．can I find C．how to find D．find 24．I wasn’t sure what ________ for my school project, so I asked my dad what I should do. A．write B．writing C．wrote D．to write 25．—Tom, can you tell me ________ an e-mail to you? —Of course. It’s easy. A．how can I send B．how I could send C．how to send D．what to send 26．One of these small men began talking to me, but I didn’t know __________. A．when to say B．what to say C．how to say D．what to say it 27．I have got a new laptop, but I don’t know ________ it. A．what to use B．which one to use C．why to use D．how to use 28．I ______ that he’s a hardworking teacher． A．never doubt B．always doubt C．seldom ask D．often wonder 29．Would you please tell me ______ this book? A．where you bought B．where did you buy C．where you buy D．where do you buy 30．——Could you tell me ? ——Glad to help. A．if I have been to the Great Wall B．where did he study C．how I can get to the post office D．what’s your name 状语从句的种类、引导词与时间问题 一、 状语从句的分类 分　类 引导词 举　例 时间状语从句 when/while/as(当……时), before(在……之前), after(在……之后), since(自从), until(直到……为止), as soon as(一……就……) I was doing my homework when he came in. He waited until Mr Black came back yesterday. 条件状语从句 if(如果),as long as(只要),unless(除非) I’ll go to the park if it is fine tomorrow. Unless bad weather stops me, I go for a walk every day. 原因状语从句 because(因为),since(既然),as(由于) I like English because it’s very useful. Since everyone is here, let’s begin our class. 目的状语 从句 so that(以便,为了),in order that(为了) She came to my home so that she could borrow my bike. 结果状语 从句 so that(结果是),so/such. . . that(如此……以至于……) It’s so cold outside that nobody wants to go out. 让步状语 从句 though/although(尽管,虽然),even if(即使),whatever(无论什么), wherever(无论哪里),whenever(无论何时)等 Though they are poor, they are very happy. I won’t mind even if he doesn’t come here. 比较状语 从句 than(比……),as. . . as(和……一样……),not as/so. . . as(不如……) He doesn’t run so/as fast as Bill. John is taller than his brother. 二、 状语从句的时态 1.‌主句与从句时态一致‌ ‌一般情况‌：主句和从句时态需逻辑一致，例如主句为过去时，从句通常也用过去相关时态‌。 例：When I ‌saw‌ him, he ‌was reading‌ a book.（过去时+过去进行时）‌ 特殊情况：表示客观真理或自然现象时，从句用一般现在时，不受主句时态影响‌。 例：The teacher told us that light ‌travels‌ faster than sound.（主句过去时，从句一般现在时）‌ 2.‌时间状语从句中的“主将从现”‌ 若主句为一般将来时，‌时间状语从句‌（由 when/after/before/as soon as 等引导）用一般现在时代替将来时‌。 例：I ‌will call‌ you when I ‌arrive‌ in Beijing.（主句将来时，从句一般现在时）‌ 3.‌条件状语从句中的“主情从现”‌ 若主句含情态动词（can/must/should 等）或将来时，‌条件状语从句‌（由 if/unless 引导）用一般现在时‌。 例：If it ‌rains‌ tomorrow, we ‌will stay‌ at home.（从句一般现在时，主句将来时）‌ 31．—May I play with my dog? —I am afraid not. You can’t play with it ________ you finish your homework A．when B．until C．after D．because 32．________ the famous professor entered the lecture hall, everyone stood up and clapped their hands ________ the professor felt welcomed and respected. A．While; so that B．As; as if C．While; as if D．As; so that 33．You can soon get out of practice ________ you play it every day. A．since B．though C．if D．unless 34．—If Kate _________ back, tell her to come to my office, please. —OK, I ________. A．comes; will B．comes; do C．will come; will D．will come; do 35．________ the prices are a little higher at that supermarket, we like to go shopping there anyway. A．Even though B．As long as C．Since D．Unless 36．You should try to keep calm __________ happens to you. A．wherever B．no matter which C．however D．no matter what 37．________ it was rainy, no students were late for school. A．But B．And C．Because D．Although 38．—_______ heavy the snow that is falling in Changzhou is! How can we go to work today? —_______ it is snowing heavily, let’s walk instead of driving. A．What; Because B．What a; Since C．How; Since D．How; Though 39．She didn’t walk so fast ________ she was sure nobody was following him. A．and B．since C．until D．so 40．________ many people like to eat junk food, they should really eat more fruit and vegetables ________ they can be healthy. A．Until; because B．Although; / C．Although; so that D．So that; although 41．The movie Kung Fu Panda 4 is ________ exciting ________ all my classmates went to see it. A．not; until B．such; that C．so; that D．not; unless 42．The students asked ________ many questions that the new teacher felt ________ confused. A．such; such B．such; so C．so; such D．so; so 43．______ I know, tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains. A．As far as B．As well as C．As soon as D．As much as 44．After the war, a new school was put up ________ there had once been a theater. A．that B．where C．which D．when 45．—Which do young people prefer, music or sports? —Both. Music is ______ sports. A．as popular as B．not as popular as C．more popular than D．less popular than 定语从句的先行词、关系词及其作用 先行词 关系词 作　用 举　例 人 that, who, whom 主语或宾语 Do you know the girl who/that is wearing a red coat?(作主语) I don’t know the girl who/that/whom you are waiting for. (作宾语) 物 that, which 主语或宾语 The schoolbag that/which is on the desk is mine. (作主语) The school that/which we visited is very beautiful. (作宾语) 人 whose 定语 The boy whose mother is a teacher studies very hard. 物 whose 定语 The house whose window is open is very nice. 时间 when 状语 I still remember the day when you came here. 地点 where 状语 This is the factory where my father works. 原因 why 状语 Do you know the reason why he was late? 【注意】 (1)当关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持主谓一致。 The train which has just left is for Shenzhen. 刚开走的火车是开往深圳的。 (2)当先行词被序数词、最高级、不定代词或the only、the last、the same等词修饰时,引导词一般用that,而不用which。 It is one of the most beautiful faces (that) I have ever seen. 这是我见过的最漂亮的面孔之一。 46．New York is the state ________ Donald John Trump was born in. A．when B．where C．who D．which 47．The man ________ is playing the guitar is a famous musician. A．who B．which C．what D．where 48．I like to visit a place ___________ history is long. A．which B．whose C．that D．where 49．This is the only film ________ I’ve long wished to see. A．which B．that C．who D．whom 50．—Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader, on CCTV? —Sure. It’s a great TV program ________ brings the habit of reading back into the public. A．who B．that C．what D．/ 51．—Which city is the one ________there is a Mountain Bijia? —Jinzhou A．that B．which C．where D．what 52．A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand? ” A．that B．which C．where D．who 53．They had two valuable things that ________. A．they like it very much B．they’re proud of it C．they’re proud of D．they’re proud 54．Yesterday Li Ming went to the village ________ he lived five years ago. A．when B．which C．where D．that 55．— What makes your middle school life colorful and meaningful? —The friendships and learning abilities ________ I’ve got. A．who B．which C．what D．whose 56．—Do you know the UN Chinese Language Day? —Of course. The date is on the same day with Guyu to pay tribute (致敬) to Cangjie ________ is said to be the inventor of Chinese characters. A．what B．who C．when D．where 57．I bought two pens last week, ________ writes easily. A．both of which B．neither of which C．both of them D．neither of them 58．—Have you seen the documentary named A Bite of China (《舌尖上的中国》)? —Yeah! It’s the funniest one _________ I have ever seen. A．that B．what C．who D．which 59．Mr. Martin ________ is smoking is looking for ________ he lost yesterday. A．whom; which B．who; what C．that; who D．which; where 60．I can never forget the day ________ we worked together and the day ________ we spent together. A．when; which B．what; that C．which; when D．on which; when 英语主语从句、表语从句与同位语从句基本用法‌ ‌一、主语从句‌ 1.‌定义‌：从句在句中充当主语，说明“谁”或“什么”是动作的执行者或描述对象。 2‌结构‌ (1)‌直接主语从句‌ What he said is true. （他说的是真的。） Whether we can win depends on teamwork. （我们能否赢取决于团队合作。） (2)‌形式主语（it）‌ It is clear that she loves music. （很明显她热爱音乐。） It doesn’t matter where we go. （我们去哪儿不重要。） 3.‌连接词‌ ‌疑问词‌（what, who, when, where, why, how）、‌whether‌（是否）、‌that‌（无意义，仅引导从句） ‌注意‌： （1）‌that 不可省略 ❌ He is late is annoying. ✅ That he is late is annoying. （他迟到很烦人。） （2）‌避免头重脚轻‌，多用 it 作形式主语： ✅ It is surprising that he passed the exam. （他通过了考试令人惊讶。） ‌二、表语从句（Predicative Clause）‌ 1.‌定义‌：从句位于系动词后，说明主语的性质、状态或内容。 2.‌结构‌：‌主语 + 系动词（be, seem, appear）+ 表语从句‌ The truth is that he lied. （事实是他撒谎了。） My question is why you refused the offer. （我的问题是你为何拒绝提议。） 3.‌连接词‌ ‌疑问词‌（what, who, when, why, how）、‌whether‌（是否）、‌that‌（无意义，可省略口语中） ‌注意‌： （1）‌系动词后的 that 可省略‌（口语中）： ✅ The problem is (that) we have no time. （问题是我们没时间。） （2）‌区分表语从句和简单句‌ ❌ My idea is help him. ✅ My idea is that we should help him. （我的想法是我们应该帮他。） ‌三、同位语从句（Appositive Clause）‌ 1‌定义‌：从句对前面的抽象名词进行解释，说明其具体内容。 2.‌结构‌：‌抽象名词（fact, idea, news, promise） + 同位语从句‌ The fact that he failed shocked everyone. （他失败的事实震惊了所有人。） I have no idea where she lives. （我不知道她住在哪儿。） 3.‌连接词‌：‌that‌（最常见，不可省略）、‌whether‌（是否）、‌疑问词‌（what, when, why 等） ‌注意‌：‌区分同位语从句和定语从句‌ （1）同位语从句：解释名词内容（无成分缺失）： The news that he won the game is true. （他赢了比赛的消息是真的。） （2）定语从句：修饰名词（从句缺成分）： The news (that) he told us is true. （他告诉我们的消息是真的。that 作宾语可省略。） （3）‌只能用 that 的情况‌： ✅ The hope that he will come gives me strength. （他会来的希望给了我力量。） ‌四、三种从句对比总结 ‌类型‌ ‌位置‌ ‌功能‌ ‌连接词‌ ‌主语从句‌ 句首或形式主语 it 后 充当主语 what, whether, that, 疑问词 ‌表语从句‌ 系动词后 说明主语内容 that, whether, 疑问词 ‌同位语从句‌ 抽象名词后 解释名词具体内容 that, whether, 疑问词（少用） 例句： （1）‌主语从句‌ What you need is more practice. （你需要的是更多练习。） It is possible that the meeting will be delayed. （会议可能推迟。） （2）‌表语从句‌ The trouble is that we lack money. （问题是我们缺钱。） That is how the story ends. （这就是故事的结局。） （3）‌同位语从句‌ I heard the news that our team won. （我听到了我们队赢的消息。） His doubt whether she is honest makes her angry. （他怀疑她是否诚实，这让她生气。） 61．________ makes the school famous is ________ more than 98% of the students have been admitted to universities. A．What; because B．That; because C．That; what D．What; that 62．________ surprised us most was the way he spoke. A．Which B．It C．What D．That 63．—________ I will take part in this English contest is still not decided. —You should make up your mind. We don’t have more time. A．If B．Whether C．Which D．What 64．It is uncertain ________ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. A．that B．what C．how D．whether 65．________ your father wants to know is ________ getting on with your studies. A．What; how are you B．That; how you are C．How; that you are D．What; how you are 66．The question is ________ the film is worth seeing. A．if B．what C．whether D．how 67．—Do you know why he failed（失败）? —I think that’s ________ he was too careless. A．because B．why C．so D．for 68．The reason ________ I have to go is ________ my mother is ill in bed. A．why, why B．why, because C．why, that D．that, because 69．The reason why they are closing the factory is ________ they cannot get enough raw materials. A．for B．because C．the fact D．that 70．I’ll be an astronaut. That’s ________ I’ll be. A．which B．what C．who D．whose 71．There is ________ computers are very useful in technology and business. A．no doubt which B．no doubt when C．no doubt that D．no doubt how 72．There is no doubt _________ the book The Diary of a Young Girl is ________ again and again. A．whether; well worth reading B．that; well worth reading C．that; very worth to read D．if; very worth to read 73．One of the men held the view ________ the book said was right. A．that what B．what that C．that D．whether 74．Do you have any idea ________ is actually going on in the classroom? A．that B．what C．as D．which 75．His suggestion ________to see the art exhibition interested every one of us. A．that we should go B．which we go C．that we would go D．when we go 1 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 易错点08 主从复合句 目录 Group 1 宾语从句的时态、语序与连接词 Group 2 宾语从句中的省略问题 Group 3 状语从句的种类、引导词与时间问题 Group 4 定语从句的先行词、关系词及其作用 Group 5 主语从句、表语从句与同位语从句的基本用法 宾语从句的时态、语序与连接词 要素 要　点 举　例 时态 主句是现在时,从句根据实际情况确定 I think (that) spring is a great season. 通常情况下,主句是过去时,从句用过去的某种时态 She said she would come to my party. 从句表示客观真理时,总是用一般现在时 The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth. 语序 从句一律用陈述语序,即“主语+谓语”结构 引导 词 that(在口语或非正式文体中常省略) He tells me (that) he is going shopping this Sunday. whether、if(在口语中常用if) Let’s see if/whether we can find out some information about that city. who、what、which、when、 where、 how、why等 Do you know when the shop opens every day? 1．My brother hopes I ________ a card for him as his birthday present. A．to buy B．to buying C．buys D．can buy 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我弟弟希望我能给他买一张卡片作为他的生日礼物。 考查宾语从句。根据“My brother hopes I...a card for him as his birthday present.”可知，hope后接省略引导词that的宾语从句，从句部分缺少谓语，故排除A和B；时态为一般现在时，主语为I，故排除C；D项“能买”符合。故选D。 2．She hopes _________ in Nanjing University after she finishes high school. A．she can study B．her to study C．studies D．she to study 【答案】A 【解析】句意：她希望高中毕业后能去南京大学学习。 考查宾语从句。分析选项，hope sb. to do sth.为错误表达，排除B和D；分析句子结构可知，“She hopes”是主句，“… in Nanjing University after she finishes high school”是宾语从句，此宾语从句缺少主语和谓语动词；“studies”是动词三单形式，不能直接用作主语，排除C；“she can study”中“she”是主语，“can study”是谓语动词，符合语境。故选A。 3．—Do you know ________ Miss Liu can join the school leavers’ party next week? —She will if she is free. A．when B．who C．whether D．how 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你知道刘老师下周是否能参加毕业生派对吗？——如果她有空她会来的。 考查宾语从句连接词。when何时；who谁；whether是否；how怎样。根据“Do you know…party next week?”和答语可知，此处询问的是刘老师是否能参加毕业生派对，故选C。 4．—I’m planning to take a trip to Paris. Do you know ________? —It usually rains a lot. You’d better take an umbrella. A．what the weather is like there B．how the weather is like there C．what is the weather like there D．how is the weather there 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我计划去巴黎旅行。你知道那里的天气怎么样吗？——那里经常下雨。你最好带把伞。 考查宾语从句的语序。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，即主语在前，谓语在后，选项C和D均为疑问句，故排除；询问天气用What’s the weather like...?或How’s the weather...?，在宾语从句中，what the weather is like there语序正确。故选A。 5．The boy asked his mother ______ go skating on the frozen lake. A．if could he B．whether he could C．how he could D．that he can 【答案】B 【解析】句意：男孩问他母亲是否可以去结冰的湖上滑冰。 考查宾语从句。从句的语序应为陈述句语序，排除A项；主句是一般过去时，从句也用过去的时态，排除D项；C项“how he could”表示“如何”，不符合句意；“whether”常用于引导表示“是否”的宾语从句，符合句意和语法规则。故选B。 6．The company thought that DeepSeek ________ the way people work and live. A．has changed B．was changing C．would change D．will change 【答案】C 【解析】句意：公司认为DeepSeek将改变人们的工作和生活方式。 考查动词时态。has changed已经改变，现在完成时；was changing正在改变，过去进行时；would change将会改变，过去将来时；will change将会改变，一般将来时。根据句中的“thought”可知，从句要用过去的时态，排除A/D选项，此处指的是“DeepSeek将会改变人们的工作和生活方式”，此处应用过去将来时，故选C。 7．—What were you and the teacher talking about? —He wondered ________. A．why was I late again B．where I would visit this summer C．what I have done D．how could I know the answer. 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你和老师刚才在讨论什么？——他想知道今年夏天我会去哪里参观。 考查宾语从句。根据“He wondered...”可知，此处为宾语从句，语序为陈述语序，故排除A和D；根据“wondered”可知，主句时态为一般过去时，宾语从句的时态也应为过去的某种时态，C为现在完成时。故选B。 8．From the book, my brother learned that the moon _________ around the earth. A．is moving B．moved C．moves D．has moved 【答案】C 【解析】句意：从书中，我的弟弟了解到月球绕着地球转。 考查宾语从句的时态。根据“my brother learned that the moon…around the earth.”可知，该句是宾语从句，月球绕着地球转是客观事实，所以从句用一般现在时，故选C。 9．Our teacher told us that sound _________faster in water than in the air. A．travels B．traveled C．was traveling D．has traveled 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们的老师告诉我们，声音在水中比在空气中传播得快。 考查时态。句子是宾语从句，从句描述的是客观事实，故从句仍用一般现在时，主语是sound，谓语动词用单三。故选A。 10．—Do you know ________ to see the film — Return to the Dust (隐入尘烟)? —Yes, you can go to Spring Cinema. A．where can we go B．where we can go C．when shall we go D．when we shall go 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你知道我们可以去哪里看电影《隐入尘烟》吗？——是的，你可以去春天电影院。 考查宾语从句。根据“Do you know ...”可知，此处为宾语从句，宾语从句应当遵循陈述句语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”，排除A和C，结合答语“Yes, you can go to Spring Cinema.” 可知，问句问的是地点，而不是时间，需用where引导宾语从句。故选B。 11．Do you know ________ he lives? A．where does B．where C．which does D．which city 【答案】B 【解析】句意：你知道他住在哪里吗？ 考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述语序，排除A、C；根据“Do you know ... he lives?”可知询问住在哪里，用“where”引导从句。D项缺少介词“in”。故选B。 12．— I’d like to visit Kate tomorrow. Do you know ________? — Sorry, I don’t know her address, either. A．why she lives there B．why does she live there C．where does she live D．where she lives 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——我想明天去看凯特。你知道她住在哪里吗？——对不起，我也不知道她的地址。 考查宾语从句。根据“Sorry, I don’t know her address, either.”可知，该句是宾语从句，应该使用陈述语气，排除B和C两个选项；结合“Sorry, I don’t know her address, either.”可知，设空处是对地点提问，故选D。 13．I don’t think he’s ever been to the Monkey Island, ________? A．isn’t he B．hasn’t he C．has he D．do I 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我认为他从没去过猴岛，对吧？ 考查反意疑问句。反义疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”。陈述句是宾语从句，且是“否定前移”的结构，所以从句是否定句。反意疑问句和宾语从句保持一致，反问部分用肯定，排除AB选项；从句是现在完成时，所以应用助动词has，故选C。 14．— I don’t think Lucy will come today, ________ she? — ________, she won’t. She is ill and stays at home A．won’t; No B．will; No C．won’t; Yes D．will; Yes 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 我想露西今天不会来了，是吗？—— 对，她不会。她病了，呆在家里。 考查宾语从句的反意疑问句。根据“I don’t think”可知，反意疑问句看宾语从句部分；再者根据否定前移和“Lucy will come today”可知，第一空“will”符合句意；根据“she won’t”可知，“No”符合句意。故选B。 15．The teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound. A．travels B．traveled C．would travel D．is traveling 【答案】A 【解析】句意：老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快。 考查动词时态。travel是动词，意为“旅行，传播”；宾语从句阐述的是科学事实，故用一般现在时。主语light是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故选A。 宾语从句中的省略问题 1.that的省略与否 　　that引导宾语从句时, 在句中不充当任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去。但如果是由and连接两个并列的宾语从句时,第二个宾语从句前的that不可省略。如: He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you. 2.句子的语序 由who、whom、which、whose、what、when、where、why、how、whoever、whichever等引导的宾语从句,应注意从句的语序要用陈述语序。例如: Can you explain why he didn’t come to the party last Sunday? 【拓展】 (1)think、believe、imagine、suppose等动词引导的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式,即将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中。 I don’t think the food here agrees with me. We don’t believe he stole money from the shop. (2)动词 doubt 用在疑问句或否定句中时,其后宾语从句常用 that 作连接词;用在肯定句中时,连接词用 whether 或 if 皆可,而不用 that。 Do you doubt that he will win the match? I don’t doubt that he can do a good job of it. He often doubts whether/if he is adequate as a father. 16．The saying “Getting to know each other is the first step in making new friends” tells us ________. A．who we need B．how to make friends C．what a friend is like D．where we should go 【答案】B 【解析】句意：“相互了解是结交新朋友的第一步”这句话告诉我们如何交朋友。 考查宾语从句的简化。who we need我们需要谁；how to make friends如何交朋友；what a friend is like朋友是什么样的；where we should go我们应该去哪里。根据“Getting to know each other is the first step in making new friends”可知，交朋友要先相互了解，此处是告诉人们如何交朋友，应用how引导宾语从句，可以简化为“how+动词不定式结构”。故选B。 17．No one tells us ________, so we need your help. A．how we should do B．how to do it C．what should we do D．what to do it 【答案】B 【解析】句意：没有人告诉我们怎么做，所以我们需要你的帮助。 考查不定式和宾语从句。how we should do错误形式；how to do it如何去做；what should we do我们应该做什么；what to do it错误形式。分析句子结构可知，空处是“tells”的宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序，根据“ so we need your help”可知，我们需要帮助，可推知没有人告诉我们该怎么做。故选B。 18．The math problem is so difficult, and I really don’t know ________. A．how to do it B．how to do C．what to do it D．which to do 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这道数学题太难了，我真不知道怎么做。 考查宾语从句的简化。do为及物动词，后应接宾语。how不能充当宾语，故排除B项；C项中，do已有宾语it，故不能用what，应排除；结合“The math problem is so difficult,”可知，应该说这道题太难，不知道如何做。故选A。 19．—Could you show me ________ use the sweeping robot? —No problem. A．what to B．how to C．when to D．where to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你能给我展示一下如何使用这个扫地机器人吗？——没问题。 考查疑问词+动词不定式。根据“...use the sweeping robot.’”及答句可知，空处是如何使用扫地机器人，疑问词用how。how +to do为特殊用法，在句中作宾语。故选B。 20．The real fact is that many customers (顾客) just don’t know who __________ solve problems with house qualities. A．to complain to to B．to complain to C．to complain D．complained 【答案】A 【解析】句意：事实是，许多顾客根本就不知道要向谁申诉来解决房屋质量问题。 考查疑问词+to do结构及动词不定式用法。根据分析句子结构可知，需用who+to do结构。在句中作宾语，complain to sb.表示“向某人申诉”，who to complain to表示“向谁申诉”，再根据“don’t know who...solve problems with house qualities.”可知，solve problems...为目的状语，要用不定式表目的。故选A。 21．There are different kinds of books in Xinhua bookstore. I don’t know ________. A．what to buy B．which to buy C．how to buy D．where to buy 【答案】B 【解析】句意：新华书店里许多不同种类的书，我不知道买哪一本。 考查宾语从句的用法。know后跟一个宾语从句，当从句中省略主语和助动词时，可用特殊疑问词+to do来代替。根据“There are different kinds of books in Xinhua bookstore.”可知，因书的种类多，所以不知道买哪一本，故用which to buy。故选B。 22．He didn’t know English at all, so he can’t understand ______ the machine. A．what to control B．to control what C．how to control D．to control how 【答案】C 【解析】句意：他根本不懂英语，所以他不知道如何控制这台机器。 考查宾语从句的简化。根据“he can’t understand”可知，该句是宾语从句，当从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构，结合“the machine.”可知，应该是如何操控机器。故选C。 23．Could you tell me where ________ the bank? A．to find B．can I find C．how to find D．find 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你能告诉我在哪里可以找到银行吗？ 考查宾语从句。分析题干可知，此处考查宾语从句。从句应用陈述句语序，所以此处应是“where I can find”，或者可以简化为“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构，即“where to find”。故选A。 24．I wasn’t sure what ________ for my school project, so I asked my dad what I should do. A．write B．writing C．wrote D．to write 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我不确定我的学校作业该写些什么，所以我问我爸爸我该写什么。 考查非谓语动词。根据“I wasn’t sure”可知，what引导宾语从句，此时可用“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构，故此处应用动词不定式to write。故选D。 25．—Tom, can you tell me ________ an e-mail to you? —Of course. It’s easy. A．how can I send B．how I could send C．how to send D．what to send 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——汤姆，你能告诉我怎样给你发送一份电子邮件吗? ——当然了，很简单。 考查宾语从句的简化。题干中，tell me后需要接宾语补足语，宾语从句的语序需用陈述语序，选项A不对，可排除；主句时态是一般现在时，从句时态无需用过去时，选项B可排除；根据“ It’s easy.”可知很容易，因此是询问怎样发邮件，应用how引导的宾语从句，可简化为“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构。故选C。 26．One of these small men began talking to me, but I didn’t know __________. A．when to say B．what to say C．how to say D．what to say it 【答案】B 【解析】句意：其中一个矮个子男人开始跟我说话，但我不知道说什么。 考查疑问词加不定式的用法。when to say何时说；what to say说什么；how to say如何说；what to say it错误表达。根据“One of these small men began talking to me, but I didn’t know...”可知，空处指我不知道“说什么”，需what to say，在句中作宾语。故选B。 27．I have got a new laptop, but I don’t know ________ it. A．what to use B．which one to use C．why to use D．how to use 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我刚刚买了一个新笔记本电脑，但我不知道如何使用它。 考查疑问词+to do用法。what to use用什么；which one to use用哪一个；why to use为什么用；how to use如何用。根据“but I don’t know...it”可知，空处指“如何用”，how to use it是“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”的复合结构，作动词know的宾语。故选D。 28．I ______ that he’s a hardworking teacher． A．never doubt B．always doubt C．seldom ask D．often wonder 【答案】A 【解析】考查间接引语。根据that 引导的肯定陈述句可排除B,C和D. 29．Would you please tell me ______ this book? A．where you bought B．where did you buy C．where you buy D．where do you buy 【答案】A 【解析】考查间接引语。特殊疑问句作宾语从句要改变语序，故排除B和D。再根据时态排除C。 30．——Could you tell me ? ——Glad to help. A．if I have been to the Great Wall B．where did he study C．how I can get to the post office D．what’s your name 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：英语宾语从句中一般用陈述语序。根据下文，我很乐意帮忙。可知上文问的是，你能告诉我我怎样能到达车站？故选C。 状语从句的种类、引导词与时间问题 一、 状语从句的分类 分　类 引导词 举　例 时间状语从句 when/while/as(当……时), before(在……之前), after(在……之后), since(自从), until(直到……为止), as soon as(一……就……) I was doing my homework when he came in. He waited until Mr Black came back yesterday. 条件状语从句 if(如果),as long as(只要),unless(除非) I’ll go to the park if it is fine tomorrow. Unless bad weather stops me, I go for a walk every day. 原因状语从句 because(因为),since(既然),as(由于) I like English because it’s very useful. Since everyone is here, let’s begin our class. 目的状语 从句 so that(以便,为了),in order that(为了) She came to my home so that she could borrow my bike. 结果状语 从句 so that(结果是),so/such. . . that(如此……以至于……) It’s so cold outside that nobody wants to go out. 让步状语 从句 though/although(尽管,虽然),even if(即使),whatever(无论什么), wherever(无论哪里),whenever(无论何时)等 Though they are poor, they are very happy. I won’t mind even if he doesn’t come here. 比较状语 从句 than(比……),as. . . as(和……一样……),not as/so. . . as(不如……) He doesn’t run so/as fast as Bill. John is taller than his brother. 二、 状语从句的时态 1.‌主句与从句时态一致‌ ‌一般情况‌：主句和从句时态需逻辑一致，例如主句为过去时，从句通常也用过去相关时态‌。 例：When I ‌saw‌ him, he ‌was reading‌ a book.（过去时+过去进行时）‌ 特殊情况：表示客观真理或自然现象时，从句用一般现在时，不受主句时态影响‌。 例：The teacher told us that light ‌travels‌ faster than sound.（主句过去时，从句一般现在时）‌ 2.‌时间状语从句中的“主将从现”‌ 若主句为一般将来时，‌时间状语从句‌（由 when/after/before/as soon as 等引导）用一般现在时代替将来时‌。 例：I ‌will call‌ you when I ‌arrive‌ in Beijing.（主句将来时，从句一般现在时）‌ 3.‌条件状语从句中的“主情从现”‌ 若主句含情态动词（can/must/should 等）或将来时，‌条件状语从句‌（由 if/unless 引导）用一般现在时‌。 例：If it ‌rains‌ tomorrow, we ‌will stay‌ at home.（从句一般现在时，主句将来时）‌ 31．—May I play with my dog? —I am afraid not. You can’t play with it ________ you finish your homework A．when B．until C．after D．because 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我可以跟我的狗玩儿吗？——恐怕不行。直到你完成作业，你才能跟它玩。 考查连词辨析。when当……时；until 直到……为止；after 在……之后；because因为。根据“I am afraid not. You can’t play with it… you finish your homework.”可知，此处是not...until“直到……才……，表示直到你完成作业，你才能跟它玩。 故选B。 32．________ the famous professor entered the lecture hall, everyone stood up and clapped their hands ________ the professor felt welcomed and respected. A．While; so that B．As; as if C．While; as if D．As; so that 【答案】D 【解析】句意：当著名教授走进礼堂时，大家都站了起来，掌声雷动，教授感到自己受到了热烈的欢迎和尊敬。 考查连词辨析。While当……的时候，通常用来表示两个动作在一段时间内同时发生，强调的是时间段，从句动作是持续性的；As当……的时候，可以表示两个动作在某个具体时间点同时发生，也可表示两个动作随时间推移同时进行，从句动作可以是持续性的，也可以是短暂性的；so that为了，以便；as if仿佛，好像。根据句意可知，第一空表示“当……的时候”，且“entered the lecture hall”和“stood up and clapped their hands”动作是在某个时间点同时进行的，因此用as。第二空表示“为了”。故选D。 33．You can soon get out of practice ________ you play it every day. A．since B．though C．if D．unless 【答案】D 【解析】句意：除非你每天都练习，否则你很快就会退步。 考查连词辨析。since自从；though尽管；if如果；unless除非。根据“You can soon get out of practice...you play it every day.”可知，此处表示除非你每天都练习，否则很快就会退步，unless引导条件状语从句。故选D。 34．—If Kate _________ back, tell her to come to my office, please. —OK, I ________. A．comes; will B．comes; do C．will come; will D．will come; do 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——如果凯特回来，请告诉她来我的办公室。——好的，我会的。 考查时态用法。根据“If Kate”可知，第一空所在句子为条件状语从句；在条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时表示将来，主语为“Kate”，故动词应用单三形式，即“comes”。根据“OK, I…”可知，是答应之后就告诉她，时态应为一般将来时，结构为will+动词原形，此处省略动词。故选A。 35．________ the prices are a little higher at that supermarket, we like to go shopping there anyway. A．Even though B．As long as C．Since D．Unless 【答案】A 【解析】句意：尽管那家超市的价格有点高，我们还是喜欢去那里购物。 考查从属连词辨析。Even though尽管；As long as只要；Since自从；Unless除非。根据“...the prices are a little higher at that supermarket, we like to go shopping there anyway.”可知，前后构成让步关系，用Even though引导让步状语从句，故选A。 36．You should try to keep calm __________ happens to you. A．wherever B．no matter which C．however D．no matter what 【答案】D 【解析】句意：无论发生什么，你应该尽力保持冷静。 考查连词词义辨析。wherever无论在哪里；no matter which无论哪一个；however无论怎样；no matter what无论什么。根据句意这里需要填的是“无论什么”，D项“no matter what”的用法符合题意，故选D。 37．________ it was rainy, no students were late for school. A．But B．And C．Because D．Although 【答案】D 【解析】句意：虽然雨下得很大，但是没有一个学生上学迟到。 本题考查连词的用法。But但是；And和；Because由于；Although虽然。这是一个含有让步状语从句的主从复合句，让步状语从句在句首时用although引导。故选D。 38．—_______ heavy the snow that is falling in Changzhou is! How can we go to work today? —_______ it is snowing heavily, let’s walk instead of driving. A．What; Because B．What a; Since C．How; Since D．How; Though 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——常州下的雪可真大啊！今天我们怎么去上班？——既然雪下得很大，我们走路就不开车了。 考查感叹句和连词。What引导感叹句，后加名词短语；How引导感叹句，后加形容词或副词；because因为；since既然；though尽管。heavy是形容词，故用how引导感叹句；根据“it is snowing heavily, let’s walk instead of driving.”可知，既然下大雪，那就不开车了，用since表示显而易见的原因。故选C。 39．She didn’t walk so fast ________ she was sure nobody was following him. A．and B．since C．until D．so 【答案】B 【解析】句意：她没有走得那么快，因为她确信没有人跟着他。 考查连词辨析。and和；since因为；until直到……为止；so因此。根据“She didn’t walk so fast”可知，因为确信没有人跟着她，所以走得很慢，前果后因，用since引导原因状语从句。本题易错选为until，not ... until意为“直到……才”，若其引导时间状语从句，fast应改为slowly。故选B。 40．________ many people like to eat junk food, they should really eat more fruit and vegetables ________ they can be healthy. A．Until; because B．Although; / C．Although; so that D．So that; although 【答案】C 【解析】句意：尽管许多人喜欢吃垃圾食物，但是他们真地应该吃更多的水果和蔬菜以便于他们能健康。 考查让步状语从句和目的状语从句。although尽管，不与but连用；until直到；because因为；so that以便。第一个空，根据“many people like to eat junk food”许多人喜欢吃垃圾食品，及“they should really eat more fruit and vegetables”他们真的应该多吃水果和蔬菜，可知应该是“虽然”，用Although引导让步状语从句；第二个空，根据“they should really eat more fruit and vegetables”他们真的应该多吃水果和蔬菜，及“they can be healthy”他们才能健康，可知应该是“以便”，用so that引导目的状语从句。故选C。 41．The movie Kung Fu Panda 4 is ________ exciting ________ all my classmates went to see it. A．not; until B．such; that C．so; that D．not; unless 【答案】C 【解析】句意：电影《功夫熊猫4》是如此令人兴奋，以至于我所有的同学都去看了它。 考查连词短语辨析。not... until...“直到……才”，表示直到某个时间点或事件发生，另一个动作才会发生；such... that...“如此……以至于”，“such”后接名词短语；so... that...“如此……以至于”，“so”后接形容词或副词；not... unless“除非……否则不”，表示条件关系。由exciting“令人激动的”是形容词，“all my classmates went to see it”可知，此处表示电影令人兴奋的程度导致同学们都去看了，应用“so... that”引导结果状语从句。 故选C。 42．The students asked ________ many questions that the new teacher felt ________ confused. A．such; such B．such; so C．so; such D．so; so 【答案】D 【解析】句意：学生们问了很多问题，新老师感到很困惑。 考查副词用法。such“如此，这样”，修饰名词；so“很……”，修饰形容词或副词。第一空，空后有“many”，应用so，此处是so...that引导结果状语从句，排除A和B；第二空，空后confused“困惑的”，形容词，应用副词so修饰confused，在句中作状语，排除C。故选D。 43．______ I know, tea plants are grown on the sides of mountains. A．As far as B．As well as C．As soon as D．As much as 【答案】A 【解析】句意：据我所知，茶树被种在山坡上。A. As far as据...; B. As well as除…之外（也）; C. As soon as 一...就...; D. As much as与...一样多。 故选A。 点睛：As far as 作从属连词,意为“就……来说”、“在……范围内”, 引导状语从句, 强调程度或范围, 从句中动词常用know, see, concern等, 相当于so far as.。 44．After the war, a new school was put up ________ there had once been a theater. A．that B．where C．which D．when 【答案】B 【解析】句意：战争后一所新的学校在以前那里是个剧院的地方建立起来。 考查状语从句。that引导从句无意义；where哪里，引导地点状语从句；which哪一个；when何时。分析句子可知横线上的词在句中作地点状语。故选B。 45．—Which do young people prefer, music or sports? —Both. Music is ______ sports. A．as popular as B．not as popular as C．more popular than D．less popular than 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——年轻人更喜欢音乐还是运动？——都喜欢。音乐和运动一样受欢迎。 考查形容词原级。根据答语中的“Both”可知音乐和运动同样受到年轻人喜爱，故使用as ... as表示“和……一样……”，中间用形容词原级。故选A。 定语从句的先行词、关系词及其作用 先行词 关系词 作　用 举　例 人 that, who, whom 主语或宾语 Do you know the girl who/that is wearing a red coat?(作主语) I don’t know the girl who/that/whom you are waiting for. (作宾语) 物 that, which 主语或宾语 The schoolbag that/which is on the desk is mine. (作主语) The school that/which we visited is very beautiful. (作宾语) 人 whose 定语 The boy whose mother is a teacher studies very hard. 物 whose 定语 The house whose window is open is very nice. 时间 when 状语 I still remember the day when you came here. 地点 where 状语 This is the factory where my father works. 原因 why 状语 Do you know the reason why he was late? 【注意】 (1)当关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持主谓一致。 The train which has just left is for Shenzhen. 刚开走的火车是开往深圳的。 (2)当先行词被序数词、最高级、不定代词或the only、the last、the same等词修饰时,引导词一般用that,而不用which。 It is one of the most beautiful faces (that) I have ever seen. 这是我见过的最漂亮的面孔之一。 46．New York is the state ________ Donald John Trump was born in. A．when B．where C．who D．which 【答案】D 【解析】句意：纽约是唐纳德·约翰·特朗普出生的州。 考查定语从句。when关系副词，指代时间；where关系副词，指代地点；who关系代词，指代人，通常作主语；which关系代词，指代物，通常作主语或宾语。该句是为定语从句，“where”是关系副词，引导定语从句时本身包含地点含义（相当于“in which”），因此从句中无需再加“in”，从句部分先从词是“state”，且“Donald John Trump was born in”缺少介词“in”的宾语，需用关系代词which充当该宾语。故选D。 47．The man ________ is playing the guitar is a famous musician. A．who B．which C．what D．where 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在弹吉他的男人是一位著名音乐家。 考查定语从句关系词。根据“The man ... is playing the guitar is a famous musician.”可知，此处先行词是人，应用that或者who修饰。故选A。 48．I like to visit a place ___________ history is long. A．which B．whose C．that D．where 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我喜欢参观历史悠久的地方。 考查定语从句。which用来指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；whose用来指人或物，作定语；that先行词是物，在从句中作主语或宾语；where是关系副词，在从句中指地点。根据“I like to visit a place”以及“history”可知，此处表示所属关系，即“这个地方的历史”，填关系代词whose。故选B。 49．This is the only film ________ I’ve long wished to see. A．which B．that C．who D．whom 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这是我一直想看的唯一一部电影。 考查定语从句。which引导定语从句时，先行词指物；that引导定语从句时，先行词指物或人；who引导定语从句时，先行词指人；whom引导定语从句时，先行词指人。分析题干可知，空处是定语从句的关系词，先行词是film，指物，所以排除选项C和D；先行词film被the only修饰，所以此定语从句应用that引导。故选B。 50．—Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader, on CCTV? —Sure. It’s a great TV program ________ brings the habit of reading back into the public. A．who B．that C．what D．/ 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——您喜欢中央电视台每周播出的谈话节目《朗读者》吗？——当然。这是一个很棒的电视节目，它让公众重新养成了阅读的习惯。 考查定语从句。who谁；that在定语从句中无实意；what什么。分析句子可知，此处先行词为“program”，指的是物，从句部分缺少主语，应用that或which引导定语从句。故选B。 51．—Which city is the one ________there is a Mountain Bijia? —Jinzhou A．that B．which C．where D．what 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——哪个城市有一座笔架山？——锦州。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处需要关系词引导定语从句，再由“there is a Mountain Bijia”可知，从句中不缺主干部分，因此此处为关系副词。故选C。 52．A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand? ” A．that B．which C．where D．who 【答案】C 【解析】句意：一个手还在流血的男人匆匆走进来问道:“附近有医院吗？我的手受伤了，能不能弄到药？” 考查定语从句引导词。that引导定语从句时，先行词为人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语，前面不可以加介词；which引导定语从句时，先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语，前面可跟介词；where引导定语从句时，先行词为地点，在从句中作状语；who引导定语从句时，先行词为人，在从句中作主语。此句先行词为“a hospital”，表示地点，“around”在此处为副词，此处应是说附近有没有医院，要在医院里治疗，先行词在句中作状语。故选C。 53．They had two valuable things that ________. A．they like it very much B．they’re proud of it C．they’re proud of D．they’re proud 【答案】C 【解析】句意：他们有两样珍贵的东西，他们为之感到骄傲。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“that... ”部分是定语从句，修饰先行词“things”，结合句意可知指“喜欢/引以为豪的东西”，先行词做宾语，故定语从句中不能重复出现宾语。选项AB中的“it”是宾语，为多余部分；选项D缺少of，短语不完整；选项C中“be proud of”的宾语即先行词“things”。故选C。 54．Yesterday Li Ming went to the village ________ he lived five years ago. A．when B．which C．where D．that 【答案】C 【解析】句意：昨天李明去了他五年前住过的村子。 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此句是定语从句，从句成分完整，village是先行词，表示地点，这里应用where引导定语从句，关系副词在定语从句中充当地点状语。故选C。 55．— What makes your middle school life colorful and meaningful? —The friendships and learning abilities ________ I’ve got. A．who B．which C．what D．whose 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——是什么让你的中学生活丰富多彩的和有意义的？ ——我得到的友谊和学习能力。 考查定语从句的先行词。who用于指代先行词是人的定语从句；which用于指代先行词是物的定语从句；what用于引导名词性从句；whose主要用于指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。根据答句“The friendships and learning abilities…I’ve got.”可知，先行词是The friendships and learning abilities属于物，所以先行词是which。故选B。 56．—Do you know the UN Chinese Language Day? —Of course. The date is on the same day with Guyu to pay tribute (致敬) to Cangjie ________ is said to be the inventor of Chinese characters. A．what B．who C．when D．where 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你知道联合国汉语日吗？——当然。这一天与谷雨向仓颉致敬的日子是同一天，仓颉据说是汉字的发明者。 考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选B。 57．I bought two pens last week, ________ writes easily. A．both of which B．neither of which C．both of them D．neither of them 【答案】B 【解析】句意：上周我买了两支钢笔，两支都不好写。 考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子可知，本句是非限制性定语从句，先行词pens指物，故应用关系代词which引导，排除C和D；根据“writes easily”可知，此处应用代词neither，表示“两者都不”。故选B。 58．—Have you seen the documentary named A Bite of China (《舌尖上的中国》)? —Yeah! It’s the funniest one _________ I have ever seen. A．that B．what C．who D．which 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你看过那部叫做《舌尖上的中国》的纪录片吗？——看过！那是我看过的最有趣的纪录片。 考查定语从句的引导词。此题需要关系代词作从句的宾语；先行词“one”指代上文的纪录片，且被最高级修饰，关系代词只能用that。故选A。 59．Mr. Martin ________ is smoking is looking for ________ he lost yesterday. A．whom; which B．who; what C．that; who D．which; where 【答案】B 【解析】句意：吸烟的马丁先生正在寻找昨天丢失的东西。 考查定语从句和宾语从句的引导词。第一个空考查定语从句的引导词，先行词Mr. Martin指人，应用关系代词who在定语从句中做主语；第二个空考查宾语从句，设空处的引导词在宾语从句中作动词lost的宾语，应用what来指代马丁先生丢失的东西。故选B。 60．I can never forget the day ________ we worked together and the day ________ we spent together. A．when; which B．what; that C．which; when D．on which; when 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我永远不会忘记我们一起工作的那一天和我们一起度过的那一天。 考查定语从句。when什么时候；which哪一个；what什么；that那，那个。根据“I can never forget the day ... we worked together”可知，第一空指一起工作的那一天，关系词在从句中充当时间状语，故应用when；再根据“the day ... we spent together”可知，第二空是做spend的宾语，应用which。故选A。 英语主语从句、表语从句与同位语从句基本用法‌ ‌一、主语从句‌ 1.‌定义‌：从句在句中充当主语，说明“谁”或“什么”是动作的执行者或描述对象。 2‌结构‌ (1)‌直接主语从句‌ What he said is true. （他说的是真的。） Whether we can win depends on teamwork. （我们能否赢取决于团队合作。） (2)‌形式主语（it）‌ It is clear that she loves music. （很明显她热爱音乐。） It doesn’t matter where we go. （我们去哪儿不重要。） 3.‌连接词‌ ‌疑问词‌（what, who, when, where, why, how）、‌whether‌（是否）、‌that‌（无意义，仅引导从句） ‌注意‌： （1）‌that 不可省略 ❌ He is late is annoying. ✅ That he is late is annoying. （他迟到很烦人。） （2）‌避免头重脚轻‌，多用 it 作形式主语： ✅ It is surprising that he passed the exam. （他通过了考试令人惊讶。） ‌二、表语从句（Predicative Clause）‌ 1.‌定义‌：从句位于系动词后，说明主语的性质、状态或内容。 2.‌结构‌：‌主语 + 系动词（be, seem, appear）+ 表语从句‌ The truth is that he lied. （事实是他撒谎了。） My question is why you refused the offer. （我的问题是你为何拒绝提议。） 3.‌连接词‌ ‌疑问词‌（what, who, when, why, how）、‌whether‌（是否）、‌that‌（无意义，可省略口语中） ‌注意‌： （1）‌系动词后的 that 可省略‌（口语中）： ✅ The problem is (that) we have no time. （问题是我们没时间。） （2）‌区分表语从句和简单句‌ ❌ My idea is help him. ✅ My idea is that we should help him. （我的想法是我们应该帮他。） ‌三、同位语从句（Appositive Clause）‌ 1‌定义‌：从句对前面的抽象名词进行解释，说明其具体内容。 2.‌结构‌：‌抽象名词（fact, idea, news, promise） + 同位语从句‌ The fact that he failed shocked everyone. （他失败的事实震惊了所有人。） I have no idea where she lives. （我不知道她住在哪儿。） 3.‌连接词‌：‌that‌（最常见，不可省略）、‌whether‌（是否）、‌疑问词‌（what, when, why 等） ‌注意‌：‌区分同位语从句和定语从句‌ （1）同位语从句：解释名词内容（无成分缺失）： The news that he won the game is true. （他赢了比赛的消息是真的。） （2）定语从句：修饰名词（从句缺成分）： The news (that) he told us is true. （他告诉我们的消息是真的。that 作宾语可省略。） （3）‌只能用 that 的情况‌： ✅ The hope that he will come gives me strength. （他会来的希望给了我力量。） ‌四、三种从句对比总结 ‌类型‌ ‌位置‌ ‌功能‌ ‌连接词‌ ‌主语从句‌ 句首或形式主语 it 后 充当主语 what, whether, that, 疑问词 ‌表语从句‌ 系动词后 说明主语内容 that, whether, 疑问词 ‌同位语从句‌ 抽象名词后 解释名词具体内容 that, whether, 疑问词（少用） 例句： （1）‌主语从句‌ What you need is more practice. （你需要的是更多练习。） It is possible that the meeting will be delayed. （会议可能推迟。） （2）‌表语从句‌ The trouble is that we lack money. （问题是我们缺钱。） That is how the story ends. （这就是故事的结局。） （3）‌同位语从句‌ I heard the news that our team won. （我听到了我们队赢的消息。） His doubt whether she is honest makes her angry. （他怀疑她是否诚实，这让她生气。） 61．________ makes the school famous is ________ more than 98% of the students have been admitted to universities. A．What; because B．That; because C．That; what D．What; that 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这所学校之所以出名，是因为98%以上的学生被大学录取。 考查名词性从句。第一空作主句的主语，句子不完整用what充当主语；第二空所在句为表语从句，句子是完整的，因此用that引导表语从句。故选D。 62．________ surprised us most was the way he spoke. A．Which B．It C．What D．That 【答案】C 【解析】句意：最令我们惊讶的是他说话的方式。 考查主语从句。Which哪一个；It它；What什么，作主语宾语；That无意义，起连接作用。此句为主系表结构，was之前为主语从句；主语从句中，谓语为surprised，因此空处作主语，指“令我们惊讶的内容”。故选C。 63．—________ I will take part in this English contest is still not decided. —You should make up your mind. We don’t have more time. A．If B．Whether C．Which D．What 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我是否参加这次英语比赛还没有决定。——你应该下定决心。我们没有更多的时间。 考查主语从句连接词。If是否；Whether是否；Which哪个；What什么。根据“is still not decided”可知还没决定是否参加比赛，此处引导主语从句且处于句首，用Whether而不用If。故选B。 64．It is uncertain ________ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. A．that B．what C．how D．whether 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这种药会产生什么样的副作用还不确定，尽管大约有两千名病人服用过。 考查主语从句。此句是一个主语从句，此空在从句作主语，应用连接代词what引导主语从句，表示“什么样的副作用”，故选B。 65．________ your father wants to know is ________ getting on with your studies. A．What; how are you B．That; how you are C．How; that you are D．What; how you are 【答案】D 【解析】句意：你父亲想知道的是你学习进展如何。 考查主语从句和表语从句。“…your father wants to know”是主语从句，缺少动词know的宾语，故用代词what，故排除B、C项；“…getting on with your studies”是表语从句，应用陈述语序，故排除A项中“how are you”的疑问语序。故选D。 66．The question is ________ the film is worth seeing. A．if B．what C．whether D．how 【答案】C 【解析】句意：问题是这部电影是否值得一看。 考查宾语从句连接词。if是否/如果；what什么；whether是否；how如何。根据“the film is worth seeing.”可知，是指这部电影是否值得一看。此句是表语从句，whether可以引导主语、表语、同位语从句，而if通常只能引导宾语从句和条件状语从句。故选C。 67．—Do you know why he failed（失败）? —I think that’s ________ he was too careless. A．because B．why C．so D．for 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你知道他为什么失败吗？——我认为那是因为他太粗心了。 考查表语从句。because因为；why为什么；so所以；for因为，为了。根据“Do you know why he failed（失败）?”可知此处在解释原因，that’s because...“那是因为……”。故选A。 68．The reason ________ I have to go is ________ my mother is ill in bed. A．why, why B．why, because C．why, that D．that, because 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我不得不走了的原因是我的母亲生病卧床。 考查定语从句和表语从句。第一空前the reason后接从句，应是定语从句，先行词是“reason”, 关系词使用why；第二空前是“is”后接表语从句，“my mother is ill in bed.”是一个事实，引导词使用that。故选C。 69．The reason why they are closing the factory is ________ they cannot get enough raw materials. A．for B．because C．the fact D．that 【答案】D 【解析】句意：他们关闭工厂的原因是他们得不到足够的原材料。 考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是表语从句，从句不缺少任何成分，用that引导表语从句，故选D。 70．I’ll be an astronaut. That’s ________ I’ll be. A．which B．what C．who D．whose 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我将成为一名宇航员。这就是我要做的。 考查连词辨析。which哪一个；what什么；who谁；whose谁的。根据“I’ll be an astronaut.”可知这里表示的是职业，因此应用what引导表语从句，表示“我将要做的职业”，故选B。 71．There is ________ computers are very useful in technology and business. A．no doubt which B．no doubt when C．no doubt that D．no doubt how 【答案】C 【解析】句意：毫无疑问，计算机在技术和商业上非常有用。 考查连词。which哪一个；when何时；that无意义；how怎样；根据“computers are very useful in technology and business.”可知，这是陈述句，表达的是“毫无疑问地”，应用no doubt that，故选C。 72．There is no doubt _________ the book The Diary of a Young Girl is ________ again and again. A．whether; well worth reading B．that; well worth reading C．that; very worth to read D．if; very worth to read 【答案】B 【解析】句意：毫无疑问，《一个少女的日记》这本书非常值得一读再读。 考查同位语从句连接词和形容词短语固定搭配。whether是否；that作为从句引导词无含义；if不用于同位语从句；well worth reading非常值得阅读；观察第二空选项和空格前的“is”可知考查的是worth的固定用法be worth doing，排除CD。根据“There is no doubt that”句型和后文可知，从句内容不缺成分，第一空后面引导的是同位语从句，且句子意思无含义缺失。故选B。 73．One of the men held the view ________ the book said was right. A．that what B．what that C．that D．whether 【答案】A 【解析】句意：其中一个人认为书里说的是对的。 考查同位语从句。“the book said was right”是同位语从句，解释名词view“观点”的内容，用“that”引导，在同位语从句中，“said”缺少宾语，故用“what”表示“……的”，故选A。 74．Do you have any idea ________ is actually going on in the classroom? A．that B．what C．as D．which 【答案】B 【解析】句意：你知道教室里发生了什么吗？ 考查连词辨析。根据句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个同位语从句。that没有意义，在从句中也不做成分；what什么，在从句中作主语或宾语；as不引导名词性从句；which哪一个。根据句子结构可知，从句中缺少主语，结合句意what的意思合适。故选B。 75．His suggestion ________to see the art exhibition interested every one of us. A．that we should go B．which we go C．that we would go D．when we go 【答案】A 【解析】句意：他关于去看艺术展的建议使我们每个人都很感兴趣。 考查同位语从句辨析。根据句子结构，空格前名词suggestion和空格处所在的从句是平等同位关系，从句是对suggestion进行解释说明，所以是一个同位语从句。同位语从句的引导词不能用which，排除B选项。suggestion表示“建议”，当表示建议，坚持，要求等名词后接同位语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气“that+主语+should+动词原形”，其中should可省略，所以空格处填that we should go。故选A。 1 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$