精品解析：广东省广州市培正中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中英语试题

2023学年第二学期期中高二级英语 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The most innovative libraries around the world Some libraries use unique architecture to encourage visitors to explore the shelves and settle down with a new book, or use roving libraries to bring books to hard-to-reach populations. No matter how they achieve it, these novel libraries are keeping the magic of reading alive. Beach Library (Albena Bulgaria) Reading a book on the beach is a classic, and in Bulgaria, one library encourages tourist to do just that. The white, weather resistant shelves lined up not far from the surf feature 6,000 books in 15 languages so every visitor can find the perfect read to enjoy while bathed in the sunshine. The Camel Library Service (North Eastern Province, Kenya) To fight low literacy rates in the desert of Kenya, the government created a movable library composed of nine camels bringing books to villages. The library travels four days a week serving the region. Currently the service focuses on children, but with more funding they plan to increase their reach both in distance and the titles they carry. Seikei University Library (Tokyo, Japan) Libraries are usually known for their quiet atmosphere, but this one encourages conversation. The library was designed with space-age, free-standing sound proofed pods (吊舱) to respect those who need uninterrupted study, while also being beneficial to other methods of learning; they serve as perfect spots for study groups and lively discussions. Macquarie University Library (Sydney, Australia) A surprising combination of cutting-edge and sustainable, this building, featuring a green roof, was made from recycled and designed to imitate the look of a eucalyptus tree. It is also state of the art, using robots to bring requested books to the front desk. 1. Who is more likely to visit the Camel Library? A. The government officials. B. Kids in the desert of Kenya C. The local villagers in the region. D. Fundraisers of this service. 2. What makes Seikei University Library different from other libraries? A. Its quiet reading atmosphere. B. Its unique design of space-age. C. Its freedom of lively discussions. D. Its weather resistant shelves. 3. Which library is a good example of going green? A. Beach Library. B. The Camel Library Service C. Seikei University Library. D. Macquarie University Library 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四座世界上最具创新性的图书馆。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“To fight low literacy rates in the desert of Kenya, the government created a movable library composed of nine camels bringing books to villages.(为了解决肯尼亚沙漠地区的低识字率问题，政府创建了一个由九头骆驼组成的移动图书馆，将书籍送到村庄)”可知，肯尼亚沙漠的孩子更有可能参观骆驼图书馆。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Libraries are usually known for their quiet atmosphere, but this one encourages conversation.(图书馆通常以其安静的氛围而闻名，但这家图书馆鼓励交谈)”可知，不同之处是热烈讨论的自由。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“A surprising combination of cutting-edge and sustainable, this building, featuring a green roof, was made from recycled and designed to imitate the look of a eucalyptus tree.(这座建筑令人惊讶地结合了尖端和可持续发展，以绿色屋顶为特色，由可回收利用的材料制成，旨在模仿桉树的外观)”可知，麦考瑞大学图书馆是环保的好例子。故选D。 B We all know eating ultra-processed foods that make our lives easier — such as sauces, and frozen pizza — isn’t good for our health. Studies have found they can raise our risk of obesity, heart problems, diabetes and cancer. They may even shorten our lives. Now, a new study has revealed eating more ultra-processed foods may contribute to overall cognitive decline, including the brain executive functioning — the ability to process information and make decisions. “While in need of further study, the new results are quite compelling and emphasize the critical role for proper nutrition in preserving and promoting brain health and reducing risk for brain diseases,“ said Tanzi, professor at Harvard Medical School. He was not involved in the study but he said in his book, “They, are, very high in sugar, salt and fat, promoting systemic inflammation, perhaps the most major threat to healthy aging. Meanwhile, since they are convenient and quick, they also replace fiber foods important for maintaining the health and balance of bacteria in your gut,” he added, “which is particularly important for brain health and reducing risk of age-related brain diseases like Alzheimer’ The study, presented at the 2022 Alzheimer’s Association International Conference, followed over 10,000 Brazilians for 10 years. “In Brazil, ultra-processed foods make up 25% to 30% of total calorie intake. We have McDonald’s and Burger King. It is not very different from many other Western countries,” said coauthor Dr. Suemoto. Ultra-processed foods are defined as ”industrial formulations of food substances containing little or no whole foods and typically include flavorings, colorings and other chemical additives“ according to the study. “People consuming over 20% of daily calories from processed foods had a 28% faster decline in global cognition and a 25% faster decline in executive functioning compared to people who not,” said study coauthor Natalia. Those in the study who ate the most ultra-processed foods ware “more likely to be younger, women, White, had higher education and incomes, and were more likely to have never smoked,” the study found. “People need to know they should cook more,” Suemoto said. “And it’s worth it because you’re going to protect your heart and guard your brain,” she added. 4. What does the underlined word “compelling” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Convincing. B. Surprising. C. Suspicious. D. Invaluable. 5. What do we know from the passage? A. Whoever never cooks is sure to develop Alzheimer. B. Ultra-processed foods only affect your executive function. C. Tanzi is the first to find the problem with Ultra-processed foods. D. Brazilians’calorie intake is not different from most westerners. 6. Who is likely to eat more ultra-processed foods? A. An old beggar. B. A heavy smoker. C. A young professor. D. A low-income man. 7. What’s the main idea of this passage? A. Ultra-processed foods can harm your health. B. Fiber foods can reduce the risk of Alzheimer. C. Fiber foods may maintain the balance of bacteria. D. Ultra-processed foods will lead to cognitive decline. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，吃更多的超加工食品可能会导致整体认知能力下降，包括大脑执行功能——处理信息和做出决定的能力。文章解释了研究开展的过程、发现以及人们对此研究的看法。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“While in need of further study”以及后文“and emphasize the critical role for proper nutrition in preserving and promoting brain health and reducing risk for brain diseases”可知，while引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”，为让步转折关系，说明虽然还需要进一步的研究，但新的研究结果相当令人信服，并强调了适当的营养在保护和促进大脑健康、降低大脑疾病风险方面的关键作用。故画线词意思是“令人信服的”。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In Brazil, ultra-processed foods make up 25% to 30% of total calorie intake. We have McDonald’s and Burger King. It is not very different from many other Western countries(在巴西，超加工食品占总热量摄入的25%至30%。我们有麦当劳和汉堡王。它与许多其他西方国家没有太大不同)”可知，巴西人的卡路里摄入量与大多数西方人没有什么不同。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Those in the study who ate the most ultra-processed foods ware “more likely to be younger, women, White, had higher education and incomes, and were more likely to have never smoked,” the study found.(研究发现，研究中食用超加工食品最多的人“更可能是年轻人、女性、白人、受过高等教育和收入较高的人，而且更可能从不吸烟”)”可知，一位年轻的教授可能会吃更多的超加工食品。故选C。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Now, a new study has revealed eating more ultra-processed foods may contribute to overall cognitive decline, including the brain executive functioning — the ability to process information and make decisions.(现在，一项新的研究表明，吃更多的超加工食品可能会导致整体认知能力下降，包括大脑执行功能——处理信息和做出决定的能力)”结合文章解释了研究开展的过程、发现以及人们对此研究的看法。可知，这篇文章的主旨是超加工食品会导致认知能力下降。故选D。 C At its annual general assembly in Vienna last month, the European Geosciences Union (EGU) did something unusual. The chair of its awards committee, Thomas Blunier, presented a breakdown, by gender, of prize nominees (被提名者) and nominators (提名者) since 2014. The data were revealing. Although women make up 37% of the society’s members, they made just 20% of nominations suggesting that women are less likely to nominate than men. The data also showed that people tend to favour their own gender when making nominations-with men most likely to nominate other men. This is clearly a problem, but awareness of the situation opens the door to fixing it. Although women are still under-represented in EGU nominations, their share of awards is now approaching their representation among EGU members, thanks to corrective measures taken by the organization? s awards committee. The EGU is distinct from most other scientific societies that do not make nomination data public, though it is necessary for the fairness among prizewinners. Some other efforts are under way to make prizes fairer. In mathematics, for example, the International Mathematical Union has introduced guidelines to make nominators and award-committee members aware of unconscious bias. Many prize nomination forms now include statements encouraging nominators to consider diversity. The committees that award Nobel prizes have told Nature that they are attempting to increase diversity in nominees and that the proportion of women nominated is rising. Prize-givers need to widen their nomination pools. In 2019, Nature suggested that award organizers might cast their nets wider when seeking nominations by approaching networks that include academies of science in low and middle-income countries. This is still not happening on the scale that it needs to. Sadly, these measures will not make science prizes match global diversity, at least not straight away. Many prizes are based on work carried out decades ago, when the barriers to entering science were even higher than they are today for people from under-represented groups and countries. At the very least, professional societies must ensure that their nomination pools are representatives of their communities. Greater transparency and a wider, more diverse pool of nominees increase the chance of awards rewarding excellence, rather than enlarging existing networks of fame. 8. What is the purpose of showing the data from the EGU? A. To show the gender balance among its members. B. To encourage females to nominate other females. C. To reflect that women have been ignored in awards. D. To reveal the significant impact from gender awareness. 9. What efforts have been made to promote the fairness among the prizewinners? A. Publicizing the nomination data. B. Widening the application pools by nominees. C. Introducing guidelines on increasing diversity. D. Casting the nets wider when seeking nominations. 10. What does the author hold in the last paragraph? A. Existing nomination pools are not transparent. B. Professional societies must make a difference. C. The barriers to entering science will not be higher. D. Science has kept up with the global trend of diversity. 11. Which of the following might be the best title for this text? A. European Geosciences Union: An Nontraditional Model B. Diversity in Science Prizes: Why is Progress So Slow? C. Progress in Science: Nomination Shows Justice for All D. The Way to Gender Diversity: Difficult, Delicate but Destined 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。我们真的足够了解科学奖项的公平性和合理性吗?在科学奖项的遴选过程中，不公布提名细节，这使得女性和弱势群体在获奖中未得到充分代表。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据关键词 EGU定位到第一段中的“Although women make up 37% of the society’s members, they made just 20% of nominations suggesting that women are less likely to nominate than men. The data also showed that people tend to favour their own gender when making nominations-with men most likely to nominate other men.(尽管女性在协会成员中占37% ，但她们只获得了20% 的提名，这表明女性获得提名的可能性低于男性。数据还显示，人们在提名时往往偏爱自己的性别，而男性最有可能提名其他男性)”可知，女性比男性更不可能被提名，即女性在奖项中被忽略了。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The EGU is distinct from most other scientific societies that do not make nomination data public, though it is necessary for the fairness among prizewinners.(EGU 不同于其他大多数科学协会，这些科学协会都不公开提名数据。尽管它对于获奖者之间的公平是必要的)”可知，EGU会把获奖者的提名数据公开，这样做对于获奖者之间的公平是必要的。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“At the very least, professional societies must ensure that their nomination pools are representatives of their communities. Greater transparency and a wider, more diverse pool of nominees increase the chance of awards rewarding excellence, rather than enlarging existing networks of fame.(至少，专业协会必须确保他们的提名名单代表它们的社区。更大的透明度和更广泛、更多样化的提名人群，增加了奖励优秀人才的机会，而不是扩大现有的名人网络)”可知，作者认为，在提名方面，专业协会要有所作为，即要保证提名名单代表它们的社区，要有更大的透明度和更广泛、更多样化的提名人群，增加了奖励优秀人才的机会。故选B。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章第一段提到上个月在维也纳举行的年度大会上，欧洲地球科学联盟委员会主席托马斯•布卢尼耶（Thomas Blunier）公布了自2014年以来按性别分列的获奖者和提名者名单，名单显示女性在奖项提名中被忽略了。进而在下面的文章中提到为了使得奖项的设置更公平化，许多的团体已经做出了努力。遗憾的是，这些措施不会使科学奖项与全球多样性相匹配，至少不会马上匹配。因而文章的标题可以为科学奖的多样性：为什么进展如此缓慢？故选B。 D A recent study has found that using wood for construction instead of concrete and steel can reduce emissions. But Tim Searchinger at Princeton University says many of these studies are based on the false foundation that harvesting wood is carbon neutral (碳中和). “Only a small percentage of the wood gets into a timber (木料) product, and a part of that gets into a timber product that can replace concrete and steel in a building,” he says. Efficiencies vary in different countries, but large amounts of a harvested tree are left to be divided into parts, used in short-lived products like paper or burned for energy, all of which generate emissions. In a report for the World Resources Institute, Searchinger and his colleagues have modelled how using more wood for construction would affect emissions between 2010 and 2050, accounting for the emissions from harvesting the wood. They considered various types of forests and parts of wood going towards construction. They also factored in the emissions savings from replacing concrete and steel. Under some circumstances, the researchers found significant emissions reductions. But each case required what they considered an unrealistically high portion of the wood going towards construction, as well as rapid growth only seen in warmer places, like Brazil. In general, they found a large increase in global demand for wood would probably lead to rising emissions for decades. Accounting for emissions in this way, the researchers reported in a related paper that increasing forest harvests between 2010 and 2050 would add emissions equal to roughly 10 percent of total annual emissions. Ali Amiri at Aalto University in Finland says the report’s conclusions about emissions from rising demand are probably correct, but the story is different for wood we already harvest. “Boosting the efficiency of current harvests and using more wood for longer lived purposes than paper would cut emissions,” he says. “We cannot just say we should stop using wood.” 12. What is wrong with previous researches according to Searchinger? A. They got wrong statistics. B. They included too many factors. C. They used an incorrect concept. D. They were applied in limited countries. 13. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The process of the new research. B. The background of the new study. C The challenge of the new research. D. The achievements of the new study. 14. When will the emissions drop off greatly according to the new study? A When wood grows slowly. B. When wood is used to make paper. C. When wood is used to build a house. D. When wood is harvested in countries like Brazil. 15. What is Ali Amiri’s attitude toward the new result? A. Favorable. B. Doubtful. C. Critical. D. Objective. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。新的研究表明，用木材建造的建筑可能并不像想象中的那么环保。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“But Tim Searchinger at Princeton University says many of these studies are based on the false foundation that harvesting wood is carbon neutral (碳中和).(但普林斯顿大学的Tim Searchinger表示，许多研究都是基于一个错误的基础，即砍伐木材是碳中和的)”可知，许多这样的研究都基于一个错误的概念，即采伐木材就是碳中和。故选C项。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“In a report for the World Resources Institute, Searchinger and his colleagues have modelled how using more wood for construction would affect emissions between 2010 and 2050, accounting for the emissions from harvesting the wood. They considered various types of forests and parts of wood going towards construction. They also factored in the emissions savings from replacing concrete and steel.(在世界资源研究所的一份报告中，Searchinger和他的同事们模拟了2010年至2050年间，使用更多的木材进行建筑将如何影响排放，并考虑到了砍伐木材的排放量。他们考虑了各种类型的森林和用于建筑的部分木材。他们还考虑到了更换混凝土和钢材所节省的排放量)”可知，第二段主要介绍新研究的过程。故选A项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Under some circumstances, the researchers found significant emissions reductions. But each case required what they considered an unrealistically high portion of the wood going towards construction, as well as rapid growth only seen in warmer places, like Brazil.(在某些情况下，研究人员发现了显著的减排。但每一种情况都需要他们认为不切实际的高比例木材用于建筑，以及只有在巴西等温暖地区才能看到的快速增长)”可知，用木材建造建筑会导致碳排放量显著减少，只是前提条件比较苛刻。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ali Amiri at Aalto University in Finland says the report’s conclusions about emissions from rising demand are probably correct, but the story is different for wood we already harvest. “Boosting the efficiency of current harvests and using more wood for longer lived purposes than paper would cut emissions,” he says. “We cannot just say we should stop using wood.”(芬兰阿尔托大学的阿里·阿梅里说，该报告关于需求增长导致的排放的结论可能是正确的，但我们已经收获的木材的情况不同。他说：“提高当前收成的效率并将更多的木材用于比纸张更长久的用途将减少排放。我们不能只是说我们应该停止使用木材。”)”可知，Ali Amiri对此研究结果有一定的肯定性，但是他又表示我们不能说我们就应该停止使用木材。故他对此研究结果从正反两方面都进行了说明，其态度是客观公正的。故选D项。 第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Keep current with facts about electric cars Sales of electric vehicles (EV) grew 40 percent last year worldwide. Stateside, nearly a third of drivers want their next car to be electric. ____16____ Almost 100 pure-electric vehicles are set to come into the market by the end of 2024. Many manufacturers, including GM, Jeep, and Volvo, have promised to offer fully electric lineups before this decade is done. ____17____ Tesla's upcoming reimagined Roadster will start at $200,000, while Tesla's current cheapest model is $41,000. Plenty of other EVs are even more affordable. Chevy, Nissan, and Hyundai all offer models for around S30,000. When assessing the cost of an EV, keep in mind that some models will even qualify you for a federal tax credit (联邦税收抵免) of up to $7,500. ____18____ A typical EV owner spends between $6,000 and $10,000 less than a conventional car owner on vehicle maintenance. One reason: EVs don’t have transmissions or clutches, two of the costliest parts to repair. There are about 22,000 public charging ports nationwide, a number that is expected to be more than three times by 2023. But for most EV owners, charging at home is the way to go. ____19____ The average EV gets about 250 miles from a full charge, which is far less than the distance most gas-powered cars can go on a full tank. But EVs are catching up. Tesla comes the closest. Its newer 2021 version gets closer to 500. ____20____ BMW makes a fast-charging system that adds about 60 miles of drive time in about six minutes. A. They'll have options. B. But electric cars are nothing new. C. Then there are the long-term savings. D. Chargingg technology is also improving. E. Some EVs are still eye-wateringly expensive. F. The battery is usually the entire floor of the vehicle. G. It takes longer, but you can do it overnight when electricity is cheapest. 【答案】16. A 17. E 18. C 19. G 20. D 【解析】 【分析】文章是一篇说明文，介绍了当今电动汽车的现状，以及未来的发展趋势。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Stateside, nearly a third of drivers want their next car to be electric.”（在美国，有大约三分之一司机的下一辆汽车会选择电动车）和下文“Almost 100 pure-electric vehicles are set to come into the market by the end of 2024.”（到2024年末，有将近100辆纯电动汽车进入市场）可知，选项承接上文，说明消费者面临的选择更多了。They指代的是上文的drivers。故A选项“因此他们会有更多的选择”切题。故选A。 【17题详解】 根据下文“Tesla's upcoming reimagined Roadster will start at $200,000, while Tesla's current cheapest model is $41,000.”（特斯拉即将推出的新款Roadster起价为20万美元，而特斯拉目前最便宜的车型为4.1万美元）可知，选项承接下文说明现在的电动车价格都很贵。E选项“一些电动汽车仍然昂贵得令人瞠目结舌”，和下文呼应，故选E。 【18题详解】 根据下文“A typical EV owner spends between $6,000 and $10,000 less than a conventional car owner on vehicle maintenance.（一个普通的电动汽车车主在汽车维护上的花费比普通汽车车主少6000到10000美元）可知，将电动车主和传统车主花费的钱对比，凸显电动汽车花费的少。故C选项“而且还能长期的省钱”呼应下文，故选C。 【19题详解】 根据上文“But for most EV owners, charging at home is the way to go.”（对大多数电动车车主来说，在家充电会是一个好办法）可知，选项这里要介绍在家充电的好处，故G选项“这会花更多的时间，但是你可以在电费最便宜的时候充一整晚”切题。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据上文“The average EV gets about 250 miles from a full charge, which is far less than the distance most gas-powered cars can go on a full tank. But EVs are catching up. Tesla comes the closest. Its newer 2021 version gets closer to 500.”（电动汽车的平均充电里程约为250英里，远低于大多数汽油动力汽车在油箱加满后的行驶里程。但电动汽车正在迎头赶上。特斯拉最接近。新的2021版本接近500英里）可知，选项承接上文说明技术在不断进步。故D选项“充电技术还在不断创新”切题。且呼应下文BMW公司对于充电方面所付出的努力和创新。故选D项。 第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分。) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In the summer of 2015, Brian Peterson and his wife, had just moved to California. Outside the couple’s apartment, a homeless man often yelled on the street corner. One day, Peterson was reading the book Love Does, when his quiet was ___21___ by the homeless man. Inspired by the book’s ___22___ message, Peterson then decided to go out and ___23___ himself. In that first conversation, Peterson learned that the man’s name was Matt Faris. He’d moved to California to pursue a career in ___24___ , but he soon fell on ___25___ difficulties and ended up living on the street. The story touched Peterson, a ___26___ of the Cleveland College of Art, who hadn’t picked up a paintbrush in eight years. ___27___ , he found himself asking if he could paint Faris’s portrait. Faris said yes. This ___28___ sparked Peterson to found Faces of Mankind, a nonprofit organization that focused on painting and ___29___ portraits of those who are unhoused. Peterson put half the money into a “love account” to help his ___30___ get back on their feet. Many people use the funds for ___31___ — medical care, clothes or food, but Faris chose to ___32___ his musical dream. When the album was delivered to Faris, the man finally couldn’t contain his emotions and ___33___ in Peterson’s arms. Over the years, Peterson has discovered that the buyers begin to see the homeless ___34___. They mention that they tend to connect and develop friendship with someone they might have otherwise ___35___ . 21. A. challenged B. defeated C. disturbed D. settled 22. A. caring B. depressing C. hopeless D. powerful 23. A. accuse B. delight C. declare D. introduce 24. A. business B. music C. medicine D. painting 25. A. academic B. emotional C. financial D. physical 26. A. designer B. graduate C. professor D. student 27. A. Desperately B. Unwillingly C. Deliberately D. Unexpectedly 28. A. encounter B. conflict C. reunion D. negotiation 29. A. donating B. exhibiting C. distributing D. selling 30. A. artists B. employees C. models D. neighbors 31. A. preparations B. necessities C. recreations D. requirements 32. A. accomplish B. postpone C. approach D. purchase 33. A. clapped B. laughed C. screamed D. wept 34. A. cautiously B. differently C. openly D. bravely 35 A. accompanied B. deserted C. overlooked D. supported 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。彼得森在一次和一名名叫法瑞斯的流浪汉的交流中受到启发，决定成立了一个名为“人类面孔”的非营利组织，专注于为无家可归者绘画和出售肖像，并资助他们，这一举动也帮助法瑞斯完成了自己的音乐梦想。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，彼得森正在读《爱有意义》这本书，这时他的安静被一个无家可归的人打扰了。A. challenged挑战；B. defeated打败；C. disturbed打扰；D. settled定居。根据“by the homeless man”和“his quiet”可知，此处是指他的安静被一个无家可归的人打扰了。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到书中关怀信息的启发，彼得森决定走出去介绍自己。A. caring关怀他人的；B. depressing令人沮丧的；C. hopeless无望的；D. powerful有力量的。根据“Peterson was reading the book Love Does”可知，此处是指受到书中关怀信息的启发。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到书中关怀信息的启发，彼得森决定走出去介绍自己。A. accuse控告；B. delight使高兴；C. declare宣布；D. introduce介绍。根据后文“In that first conversation(在那次第一次对话中)”可知，此处是指决定走出去介绍自己。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他搬到加利福尼亚去追求音乐事业，但很快就陷入了经济困难，最后流落街头。A. business生意；B. music音乐；C. medicine药；D. painting绘画。根据后文“his musical dream(他的音乐梦想)”可知，此处是指去追求音乐事业。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他搬到加利福尼亚去追求音乐事业，但很快就陷入了经济困难，最后流落街头。A. academic学术的；B. emotional情绪的；C. financial经济的；D. physical物理的。根据“and ended up living on the street”可知，此处是指陷入了经济困难。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个故事触动了毕业于克利夫兰艺术学院的彼得森，他已经八年没有拿起画笔了。A. designer设计师；B. graduate毕业生；C. professor教授；D. student学生。根据“who hadn’t picked up a paintbrush in eight years”可知，此处是指克利夫兰艺术学院的毕业生。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，他发现自己问他是否可以画法瑞斯的肖像。A. Desperately不顾一切地；B. Unwillingly不愿意地；C. Deliberately故意地；D. Unexpectedly出乎意料地。根据“who hadn’t picked up a paintbrush in eight years”和“he found himself asking if he could paint Faris’s portrait”可知，此处是指出乎意料。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一邂逅促使彼得森成立了一个名为“人类面孔”的非营利组织，专注于为无家可归者绘画和出售肖像。A. encounter邂逅；B. conflict冲突；C. reunion重逢；D. negotiation协商。根据前文“In that first conversation, Peterson learned that the man’s name was Matt Faris.(在第一次谈话中，彼得森得知那个人的名字叫马特·法瑞斯。)”和“sparked Peterson to found Faces of Mankind”可知，此处是指这一邂逅。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一邂逅促使彼得森成立了一个名为“人类面孔”的非营利组织，专注于为无家可归者绘画和出售肖像。A. donating捐赠；B. exhibiting展览；C. distributing分配；D. selling售卖。根据后文“Peterson put half the money(彼得森把一半的钱放在)”可知，此处是指出售肖像。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：彼得森把一半的钱存入了一个“爱心账户”，以帮助他的模特重新站起来。A. artists艺术家；B. employees员工；C. models模特；D. neighbors邻居。根据前文“focused on painting and selling portraits of those who are unhoused”可知，此处是指帮助他的模特（被画的人）重新站起来。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多人用这笔钱购买必需品——医疗、衣服或食物，但法瑞斯选择完成他的音乐梦想。A. preparations准备；B. necessities必需品；C. recreations娱乐；D. requirements要求。根据“medical care, clothes or food”可知，此处是指购买必需品。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人用这笔钱购买必需品——医疗、衣服或食物，但法瑞斯选择完成他的音乐梦想。A. accomplish完成；B. postpone推迟；C. approach接近；D. purchase购买。根据后文“When the album was delivered to Faris(当专辑送到法瑞斯手里时)”可知，此处是指法瑞斯选择完成他的音乐梦想。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当专辑送到法瑞斯手中时，他终于控制不住自己的情绪，在彼得森的怀里哭了起来。A. clapped拍手；B. laughed大笑；C. screamed尖叫；D. wept哭泣。根据“the man finally couldn’t contain his emotions”可知，此处是指在彼得森的怀里哭了起来。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：多年来，彼得森发现买家开始以不同的方式看待无家可归者。A. cautiously谨慎地；B. differently不同地；C. openly公开地；D. bravely勇敢地。根据“the buyers begin to see the homeless”和后文“They mention that they tend to connect and develop friendship with someone they might have otherwise(他们提到，他们倾向于与他们原本可能……的人建立联系并发展友谊)”可知，此处是指买家开始以不同的方式看待无家可归者。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们提到，他们倾向于与他们原本可能忽视的人建立联系并发展友谊。A. accompanied陪伴；B. deserted舍弃；C. overlooked忽视；D. supported支持。根据“might have otherwise”可知，此处是指他们原本可能忽视的人。故选C。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese netizens are passionately discussing the “Kong Yiji mindset,” ____36____ term inspired by an influential figure in modern Chinese literature and used to refer to college ____37____ (graduate) who consider themselves above manual labor. ____38____(set) a few years after the fall of the Qing Dynasty, the story starts with Kong Yiji being ridiculed by the working-class customers in the tavern he frequents for continuing to wear his long scholar’s gown, even though he never passed the imperial exam ____39____ could have landed him a decent job back in the past. As The Paper, a Chinese media company based in Shanghai, writes, “Kong Yiji would rather steal than do ____40____ he considers a menial job(粗活)just to make money. This is relatable in the eyes of some, who think their academic qualifications didn’t lead to the job they wanted or deserved.” The related term, “Kong Yiji mindset,” refers to those who see Kong in ____41____ (they) as they face the pressures of a job market that can’t keep up with the record-breaking number of college graduates. Kong is a ____42____ (sympathy) figure to some recent college graduates whose reality is not living up to expectations. Some netizens are concerned that education itself may one day be seen as superfluous (多余的). “When we were young, we ____43____ (tell) to study hard, and when we grew up, we would become astronauts and scientists,” a Weibo user commented. “Now it has become study hard to screw screws, to be a cleaner, to collect junk. It’s not that I look down on those professions—every profession is respectable— ____44____ it is strange that the wind is blowing in this direction.” In recent years, China has been pushing to expand vocational education as a means to solve the surplus of college graduates. However, the transition remains challenging as the prejudices _____45_____blue-collar jobs lingers. 【答案】36. a 37. graduates 38. Set 39. that##which 40. what 41. themselves 42. sympathetic 43. were told 44. but 45. against 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是“孔乙己心态”以及人们对此的看法。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：中国网民正在热烈讨论“孔乙己心态”，这个词的灵感来自中国现代文学中一位有影响力的人物，用来指那些认为自己高于体力劳动的大学毕业生。term为可数名词，此处为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 【37题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：中国网民正在热烈讨论“孔乙己心态”，这个词的灵感来自中国现代文学中一位有影响力的人物，用来指那些认为自己高于体力劳动的大学毕业生。graduate为可数名词，根据后文从句谓语动词consider为原形可知应用复数形式。故填graduates。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：故事发生在清朝灭亡几年后，孔乙己在他经常光顾的酒馆里被劳动阶级的顾客嘲笑，因为他没有通过科举考试，即使在过去，科举考试可以让他得到一份体面的工作。分析句子结构可知逻辑主语story与set构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。首字母大写。故填Set。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：故事发生在清朝灭亡几年后，孔乙己在他经常光顾的酒馆里被劳动阶级的顾客嘲笑，因为他没有通过科举考试，即使在过去，科举考试可以让他得到一份体面的工作。此处为定语从句修饰先行词the imperial exam，在从句中作主语，指物，故填that/which。 【40题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：孔乙己宁愿偷东西，也不愿为了赚钱而做他认为卑微的工作。引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指事情应用what。故填what。 【41题详解】 考查代词。句意：与之相关术语“孔乙己心态”，指的是那些面对就业市场压力的“孔乙己”，就业市场无法满足破纪录的大学毕业生数量。此处指college graduates“他们自己”应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：对于一些现实不如预期的应届大学毕业生来说，孔是一个令人同情的人物。修饰名词figure应用形容词sympathetic，作定语。故填sympathetic。 【43题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：当我们小的时候，我们被告知要努力学习，当我们长大了，我们要成为宇航员和科学家。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文When we were young可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为we，谓语用复数。故填were told。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：我并不是看不起那些职业——每一种职业都是值得尊敬的——但奇怪的是，风向竟然朝这个方向发展。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：然而，由于对蓝领工作偏见仍然存在，这种转变仍然具有挑战性。表示“对……偏见”可知短语为prejudice against。故填against。 第三部分 写作(共三节，满分50分) 第一节 应用文(满分15分) 46. 为了有效引导高中生正确面对各种身心的压力，你校最近邀请了美国教育专家Dr. Smith做了主题为“高中生如何养成良好的心理状态”的讲座。假定你是校英语报的记者，请你为校英语报写一篇活动报道。主要内容如下： 1. 活动过程； 2. 活动反响。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Recently, I had the opportunity to interview Dr. Smith, a renowned American education expert, on the topic of fostering a positive mindset among high school students. Dr. Smith emphasized the importance of maintaining a balance between academic pressure and personal well-being. He highlighted the significance of self-care practices such as regular exercise, adequate sleep, and mindfulness techniques. According to Dr. Smith, cultivating hobbies and spending quality time with friends and family can also greatly contribute to a healthy mental state. I came to realize that achieving academic success in high school shouldn’t come at the expense of mental health. Dr. Smith’s insights serve as a reminder for students to prioritize their well-being while striving for excellence. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为校英语报写一篇关于“高中生如何养成良好的心理状态”讲座活动的报道。 【详解】1.词汇积累 机会：opportunity→chance 培养：foster→develop 以……为代价：at the expense of→at the cost of 实现：achieve→realize 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Recently, I had the opportunity to interview Dr. Smith, a renowned American education expert, on the topic of fostering a positive mindset among high school students. 拓展句：Recently, I had the opportunity to interview Dr. Smith, who is a renowned American education expert, on the topic of fostering a positive mindset among high school students. 【点睛】[高分句型1] According to Dr. Smith, cultivating hobbies and spending quality time with friends and family can also greatly contribute to a healthy mental state. (运用了动名词作主语) [高分句型2] I came to realize that achieving academic success in high school shouldn’t come at the expense of mental health. (运用了that引导宾语从句) 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一篇完整的故事。 Looking back at my life, I found that the most important event occurred when I was in 4th grade. From the beginning of the semester, I started learning dancing every Saturday, but I didn’t do well in the first few months. Mrs. Smith, my dancing teacher, also my music teacher in my school, kept teaching me and helped me with every movement. But it always enhanced too slowly. I began to give up and canceled this class. A few days later, we had a music class at school. We sang songs while Mrs. Smith was playing piano. The beautiful melody suffused the whole classroom. Everyone was very earnest, looking up the teacher and following the rhythm. Although I was not good at sharing, I was singing really hard. All the things in this classroom seemed very harmonious. We had a free class after singing. We just sat on our chairs and talked to each other. And Mrs. Smith started to talk about the school choir that she led very well. I’ve seen some members before, who are excellent and graceful. I was imagining if one day I join in the school choir that will be really awesome: we have competitions every month; we do great performance every time; we get popular in our school. Those were just my imagination. I don’t think one day I can be one of the dancers. Just then, Mrs. Smith said my name in the class, “Angelina was in my dancing class. She was really hard-working and tough. I hope she could rejoin in my class and practice more to be a member of the school choir.” Everyone turned back and looked at me with amazed faces. I turned tomato red. Mrs. Smith was pleased to laugh. We had a really silent moment. And then the bell rang, the students began to leave. There’s a girl walking up to me with some of her friends. Her name is Carrie, who is a piano player and also recommended to join the school choir. She faced me, and said to her friends: “Do you think she can really join the school choir? It’s unbelievable!” Her friends threw her a faint smile. I didn’t even react for this brief moment, and they left. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Within the time, I felt that there’s a strong force striking my pride. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Finally, because of my perseverance and efforts, I joined the school choir. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: Within the time, I felt that there’s a strong force striking my pride. Carrie’s words echoed in my mind, and I couldn’t shake off the feeling of doubt she had planted. However, instead of letting it discourage me, I decided to use it as motivation. I started practicing even harder, dedicating extra hours to perfecting my dance moves and vocal skills. Mrs. Smith noticed my determination and offered to give me private lessons after school. Paragraph 2: Finally, because of my perseverance and efforts, I joined the school choir. The day I received the acceptance letter, I felt a surge of pride and accomplishment. Carrie and her friends were surprised, but they couldn’t deny the improvement I had made. Performing with the choir was an unforgettable experience, and it taught me the value of hard work and believing in oneself. Mrs. Smith’s encouragement and my relentless practice had paid off, and I realized that I could achieve anything I set my mind to. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者四年级的时候十分不自信，在参加了史密斯老师的课后，老师肯定了作者的努力，但是遭到了钢琴演奏者嘉莉的怀疑。于是作者更加努力证明自己，最终加入了合唱团。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“在这段时间里，我感到有一股强大的力量冲击着我的自尊心”可知，第一段可描写作者因为对方的怀疑而加倍努力。 ②由第二段首句内容“最后，由于我的坚持和努力，我加入了学校合唱团”可知，第二段可描写作者成功加入合唱团后的心理活动和感悟。 2.续写线索：自尊心被冲击——更加努力——被合唱团录取——嘉莉惊讶——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①决定：decide/resolve ②使用：use/take advantage of ③注意到：notice/take notice of 情绪类 ①难忘：unforgettable/memorable ②不屈不挠：relentless/ persevering 【点睛】[高分句型1] Mrs. Smith’s encouragement and my relentless practice had paid off, and I realized that I could achieve anything I set my mind to.(运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] Performing with the choir was an unforgettable experience, and it taught me the value of hard work and believing in oneself.(运用了动名词作主语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023学年第二学期期中高二级英语 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The most innovative libraries around the world Some libraries use unique architecture to encourage visitors to explore the shelves and settle down with a new book, or use roving libraries to bring books to hard-to-reach populations. No matter how they achieve it, these novel libraries are keeping the magic of reading alive. Beach Library (Albena, Bulgaria) Reading a book on the beach is a classic, and in Bulgaria, one library encourages tourist to do just that. The white, weather resistant shelves lined up not far from the surf feature 6,000 books in 15 languages so every visitor can find the perfect read to enjoy while bathed in the sunshine. The Camel Library Service (North Eastern Province, Kenya) To fight low literacy rates in the desert of Kenya, the government created a movable library composed of nine camels bringing books to villages. The library travels four days a week serving the region. Currently the service focuses on children, but with more funding they plan to increase their reach both in distance and the titles they carry. Seikei University Library (Tokyo, Japan) Libraries are usually known for their quiet atmosphere, but this one encourages conversation. The library was designed with space-age, free-standing sound proofed pods (吊舱) to respect those who need uninterrupted study, while also being beneficial to other methods of learning; they serve as perfect spots for study groups and lively discussions. Macquarie University Library (Sydney, Australia) A surprising combination of cutting-edge and sustainable, this building, featuring a green roof, was made from recycled and designed to imitate the look of a eucalyptus tree. It is also state of the art, using robots to bring requested books to the front desk. 1. Who is more likely to visit the Camel Library? A. The government officials. B. Kids in the desert of Kenya C. The local villagers in the region. D. Fundraisers of this service. 2. What makes Seikei University Library different from other libraries? A. Its quiet reading atmosphere. B. Its unique design of space-age. C. Its freedom of lively discussions. D. Its weather resistant shelves. 3. Which library is a good example of going green? A. Beach Library. B. The Camel Library Service C. Seikei University Library. D. Macquarie University Library B We all know eating ultra-processed foods that make our lives easier — such as sauces, and frozen pizza — isn’t good for our health. Studies have found they can raise our risk of obesity, heart problems, diabetes and cancer. They may even shorten our lives. Now, a new study has revealed eating more ultra-processed foods may contribute to overall cognitive decline, including the brain executive functioning — the ability to process information and make decisions. “While in need of further study, the new results are quite compelling and emphasize the critical role for proper nutrition in preserving and promoting brain health and reducing risk for brain diseases,“ said Tanzi, professor at Harvard Medical School. He was not involved in the study but he said in his book, “They, are, very high in sugar, salt and fat, promoting systemic inflammation, perhaps the most major threat to healthy aging. Meanwhile, since they are convenient and quick, they also replace fiber foods important for maintaining the health and balance of bacteria in your gut,” he added, “which is particularly important for brain health and reducing risk of age-related brain diseases like Alzheimer’ The study, presented at the 2022 Alzheimer’s Association International Conference, followed over 10,000 Brazilians for 10 years. “In Brazil, ultra-processed foods make up 25% to 30% of total calorie intake. We have McDonald’s and Burger King. It is not very different from many other Western countries,” said coauthor Dr. Suemoto. Ultra-processed foods are defined as ”industrial formulations of food substances containing little or no whole foods and typically include flavorings, colorings and other chemical additives“ according to the study. “People consuming over 20% of daily calories from processed foods had a 28% faster decline in global cognition and a 25% faster decline in executive functioning compared to people who not,” said study coauthor Natalia. Those in the study who ate the most ultra-processed foods ware “more likely to be younger, women, White, had higher education and incomes, and were more likely to have never smoked,” the study found. “People need to know they should cook more,” Suemoto said. “And it’s worth it because you’re going to protect your heart and guard your brain,” she added. 4. What does the underlined word “compelling” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Convincing. B. Surprising. C. Suspicious. D. Invaluable. 5. What do we know from the passage? A. Whoever never cooks is sure to develop Alzheimer. B. Ultra-processed foods only affect your executive function. C. Tanzi is the first to find the problem with Ultra-processed foods. D. Brazilians’calorie intake is not different from most westerners. 6. Who is likely to eat more ultra-processed foods? A. An old beggar. B. A heavy smoker. C. A young professor. D. A low-income man. 7. What’s the main idea of this passage? A. Ultra-processed foods can harm your health. B Fiber foods can reduce the risk of Alzheimer. C Fiber foods may maintain the balance of bacteria. D. Ultra-processed foods will lead to cognitive decline. C At its annual general assembly in Vienna last month, the European Geosciences Union (EGU) did something unusual. The chair of its awards committee, Thomas Blunier, presented a breakdown, by gender, of prize nominees (被提名者) and nominators (提名者) since 2014. The data were revealing. Although women make up 37% of the society’s members, they made just 20% of nominations suggesting that women are less likely to nominate than men. The data also showed that people tend to favour their own gender when making nominations-with men most likely to nominate other men. This is clearly a problem, but awareness of the situation opens the door to fixing it. Although women are still under-represented in EGU nominations, their share of awards is now approaching their representation among EGU members, thanks to corrective measures taken by the organization? s awards committee. The EGU is distinct from most other scientific societies that do not make nomination data public, though it is necessary for the fairness among prizewinners. Some other efforts are under way to make prizes fairer. In mathematics, for example, the International Mathematical Union has introduced guidelines to make nominators and award-committee members aware of unconscious bias. Many prize nomination forms now include statements encouraging nominators to consider diversity. The committees that award Nobel prizes have told Nature that they are attempting to increase diversity in nominees and that the proportion of women nominated is rising. Prize-givers need to widen their nomination pools. In 2019, Nature suggested that award organizers might cast their nets wider when seeking nominations by approaching networks that include academies of science in low and middle-income countries. This is still not happening on the scale that it needs to. Sadly, these measures will not make science prizes match global diversity, at least not straight away. Many prizes are based on work carried out decades ago, when the barriers to entering science were even higher than they are today for people from under-represented groups and countries. At the very least, professional societies must ensure that their nomination pools are representatives of their communities. Greater transparency and a wider, more diverse pool of nominees increase the chance of awards rewarding excellence, rather than enlarging existing networks of fame. 8. What is the purpose of showing the data from the EGU? A. To show the gender balance among its members. B. To encourage females to nominate other females. C. To reflect that women have been ignored in awards. D. To reveal the significant impact from gender awareness. 9. What efforts have been made to promote the fairness among the prizewinners? A. Publicizing the nomination data. B. Widening the application pools by nominees. C. Introducing guidelines on increasing diversity. D. Casting the nets wider when seeking nominations. 10. What does the author hold in the last paragraph? A. Existing nomination pools are not transparent. B. Professional societies must make a difference. C. The barriers to entering science will not be higher. D. Science has kept up with the global trend of diversity. 11. Which of the following might be the best title for this text? A. European Geosciences Union: An Nontraditional Model B Diversity in Science Prizes: Why is Progress So Slow? C. Progress in Science: Nomination Shows Justice for All D. The Way to Gender Diversity: Difficult, Delicate but Destined D A recent study has found that using wood for construction instead of concrete and steel can reduce emissions. But Tim Searchinger at Princeton University says many of these studies are based on the false foundation that harvesting wood is carbon neutral (碳中和). “Only a small percentage of the wood gets into a timber (木料) product, and a part of that gets into a timber product that can replace concrete and steel in a building,” he says. Efficiencies vary in different countries, but large amounts of a harvested tree are left to be divided into parts, used in short-lived products like paper or burned for energy, all of which generate emissions. In a report for the World Resources Institute, Searchinger and his colleagues have modelled how using more wood for construction would affect emissions between 2010 and 2050, accounting for the emissions from harvesting the wood. They considered various types of forests and parts of wood going towards construction. They also factored in the emissions savings from replacing concrete and steel. Under some circumstances, the researchers found significant emissions reductions. But each case required what they considered an unrealistically high portion of the wood going towards construction, as well as rapid growth only seen in warmer places, like Brazil. In general, they found a large increase in global demand for wood would probably lead to rising emissions for decades. Accounting for emissions in this way, the researchers reported in a related paper that increasing forest harvests between 2010 and 2050 would add emissions equal to roughly 10 percent of total annual emissions. Ali Amiri at Aalto University in Finland says the report’s conclusions about emissions from rising demand are probably correct, but the story is different for wood we already harvest. “Boosting the efficiency of current harvests and using more wood for longer lived purposes than paper would cut emissions,” he says. “We cannot just say we should stop using wood.” 12. What is wrong with previous researches according to Searchinger? A. They got wrong statistics. B. They included too many factors. C. They used an incorrect concept. D. They were applied in limited countries. 13. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The process of the new research. B. The background of the new study. C. The challenge of the new research. D. The achievements of the new study. 14. When will the emissions drop off greatly according to the new study? A. When wood grows slowly. B. When wood is used to make paper. C. When wood is used to build a house. D. When wood is harvested in countries like Brazil. 15. What is Ali Amiri’s attitude toward the new result? A. Favorable. B. Doubtful. C. Critical. D. Objective. 第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Keep current with facts about electric cars Sales of electric vehicles (EV) grew 40 percent last year worldwide. Stateside nearly a third of drivers want their next car to be electric. ____16____ Almost 100 pure-electric vehicles are set to come into the market by the end of 2024. Many manufacturers, including GM, Jeep, and Volvo, have promised to offer fully electric lineups before this decade is done. ____17____ Tesla's upcoming reimagined Roadster will start at $200,000, while Tesla's current cheapest model is $41,000. Plenty of other EVs are even more affordable. Chevy, Nissan, and Hyundai all offer models for around S30,000. When assessing the cost of an EV, keep in mind that some models will even qualify you for a federal tax credit (联邦税收抵免) of up to $7,500. ____18____ A typical EV owner spends between $6,000 and $10,000 less than a conventional car owner on vehicle maintenance. One reason: EVs don’t have transmissions or clutches, two of the costliest parts to repair. There are about 22,000 public charging ports nationwide, a number that is expected to be more than three times by 2023. But for most EV owners, charging at home is the way to go. ____19____ The average EV gets about 250 miles from a full charge, which is far less than the distance most gas-powered cars can go on a full tank. But EVs are catching up. Tesla comes the closest. Its newer 2021 version gets closer to 500. ____20____ BMW makes a fast-charging system that adds about 60 miles of drive time in about six minutes. A. They'll have options. B. But electric cars are nothing new. C. Then there are the long-term savings. D. Chargingg technology is also improving. E. Some EVs are still eye-wateringly expensive. F. The battery is usually the entire floor of the vehicle. G. It takes longer but you can do it overnight when electricity is cheapest. 第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分。) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In the summer of 2015, Brian Peterson and his wife, had just moved to California. Outside the couple’s apartment, a homeless man often yelled on the street corner. One day, Peterson was reading the book Love Does, when his quiet was ___21___ by the homeless man. Inspired by the book’s ___22___ message, Peterson then decided to go out and ___23___ himself. In that first conversation, Peterson learned that the man’s name was Matt Faris. He’d moved to California to pursue a career in ___24___ , but he soon fell on ___25___ difficulties and ended up living on the street. The story touched Peterson, a ___26___ of the Cleveland College of Art, who hadn’t picked up a paintbrush in eight years. ___27___ , he found himself asking if he could paint Faris’s portrait. Faris said yes. This ___28___ sparked Peterson to found Faces of Mankind, a nonprofit organization that focused on painting and ___29___ portraits of those who are unhoused. Peterson put half the money into a “love account” to help his ___30___ get back on their feet. Many people use the funds for ___31___ — medical care, clothes or food, but Faris chose to ___32___ his musical dream. When the album was delivered to Faris, the man finally couldn’t contain his emotions and ___33___ in Peterson’s arms. Over the years, Peterson has discovered that the buyers begin to see the homeless ___34___. They mention that they tend to connect and develop friendship with someone they might have otherwise ___35___ . 21. A. challenged B. defeated C. disturbed D. settled 22. A. caring B. depressing C. hopeless D. powerful 23. A. accuse B. delight C. declare D. introduce 24. A. business B. music C. medicine D. painting 25. A. academic B. emotional C. financial D. physical 26. A. designer B. graduate C. professor D. student 27. A. Desperately B. Unwillingly C. Deliberately D. Unexpectedly 28. A. encounter B. conflict C. reunion D. negotiation 29. A. donating B. exhibiting C. distributing D. selling 30. A. artists B. employees C. models D. neighbors 31. A. preparations B. necessities C. recreations D. requirements 32. A. accomplish B. postpone C. approach D. purchase 33. A. clapped B. laughed C. screamed D. wept 34. A. cautiously B. differently C. openly D. bravely 35. A. accompanied B. deserted C. overlooked D. supported 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese netizens are passionately discussing the “Kong Yiji mindset,” ____36____ term inspired by an influential figure in modern Chinese literature and used to refer to college ____37____ (graduate) who consider themselves above manual labor. ____38____(set) a few years after the fall of the Qing Dynasty, the story starts with Kong Yiji being ridiculed by the working-class customers in the tavern he frequents for continuing to wear his long scholar’s gown, even though he never passed the imperial exam ____39____ could have landed him a decent job back in the past. As The Paper, a Chinese media company based in Shanghai, writes, “Kong Yiji would rather steal than do ____40____ he considers a menial job(粗活)just to make money. This is relatable in the eyes of some, who think their academic qualifications didn’t lead to the job they wanted or deserved.” The related term, “Kong Yiji mindset,” refers to those who see Kong in ____41____ (they) as they face the pressures of a job market that can’t keep up with the record-breaking number of college graduates. Kong is a ____42____ (sympathy) figure to some recent college graduates whose reality is not living up to expectations. Some netizens are concerned that education itself may one day be seen as superfluous (多余的). “When we were young, we ____43____ (tell) to study hard, and when we grew up, we would become astronauts and scientists,” a Weibo user commented. “Now it has become study hard to screw screws, to be a cleaner, to collect junk. It’s not that I look down on those professions—every profession is respectable— ____44____ it is strange that the wind is blowing in this direction.” In recent years, China has been pushing to expand vocational education as a means to solve the surplus of college graduates. However, the transition remains challenging as the prejudices _____45_____blue-collar jobs lingers. 第三部分 写作(共三节，满分50分) 第一节 应用文(满分15分) 46. 为了有效引导高中生正确面对各种身心的压力，你校最近邀请了美国教育专家Dr. Smith做了主题为“高中生如何养成良好的心理状态”的讲座。假定你是校英语报的记者，请你为校英语报写一篇活动报道。主要内容如下： 1. 活动过程； 2. 活动反响。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一篇完整的故事。 Looking back at my life, I found that the most important event occurred when I was in 4th grade. From the beginning of the semester, I started learning dancing every Saturday, but I didn’t do well in the first few months. Mrs. Smith, my dancing teacher, also my music teacher in my school, kept teaching me and helped me with every movement. But it always enhanced too slowly. I began to give up and canceled this class. A few days later, we had a music class at school. We sang songs while Mrs. Smith was playing piano. The beautiful melody suffused the whole classroom. Everyone was very earnest, looking up the teacher and following the rhythm. Although I was not good at sharing, I was singing really hard. All the things in this classroom seemed very harmonious. We had a free class after singing. We just sat on our chairs and talked to each other. And Mrs. Smith started to talk about the school choir that she led very well. I’ve seen some members before, who are excellent and graceful. I was imagining if one day I join in the school choir that will be really awesome: we have competitions every month; we do great performance every time; we get popular in our school. Those were just my imagination. I don’t think one day I can be one of the dancers. Just then, Mrs. Smith said my name in the class, “Angelina was in my dancing class. She was really hard-working and tough. I hope she could rejoin in my class and practice more to be a member of the school choir.” Everyone turned back and looked at me with amazed faces. I turned tomato red. Mrs. Smith was pleased to laugh. We had a really silent moment. And then the bell rang, the students began to leave. There’s a girl walking up to me with some of her friends. Her name is Carrie, who is a piano player and also recommended to join the school choir. She faced me, and said to her friends: “Do you think she can really join the school choir? It’s unbelievable!” Her friends threw her a faint smile. I didn’t even react for this brief moment, and they left. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Within the time, I felt that there’s a strong force striking my pride. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Finally, because of my perseverance and efforts, I joined the school choir. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$