专题54 非谓语动词之分词（精讲课件）-备战2025年中考英语语法复习全攻略（全国通用）

非谓语动词之分词 初中英语语法课件 ENGLISH LESSON 英 英 语 语 堂 堂 课 课 1 动词分词‌是动词的一种形式，通常通过在动词的基本形式后加上-ing或-ed来构成。分词具有形容词、副词的功能，在句中可作定语、表语、补足语和状语等成分。其否定形式是在分词前加 not。 作表语 作宾语补足语 作定语 作状语 2 I found a beggar standing in front of the door. 我发现一个乞丐站在门前。 The shop has remained shut for a week. 这家商店关门一周了。 Not knowing her address, we couldn't get in touch with her. 由于不知道她的地址，我们无法和她取得联系。 现在分词作定语 过去分词作表语 not+现在分词 3 01 作表语 分词作表语 分词用作表语时可以被 very， rather 等副词修饰。现在分词作表语通常说明主语的性质、特征；过去分词作表语通常说明主语的状态或感受。 5 The result of the game is very surprising. 游戏的结果让人很惊讶。 We were greatly surprised at the news. 我们听到这个消息后深感意外。 The story is very interesting and encouraging. 这个故事非常有趣且鼓舞人心。 I am interested in pop music. 我对流行音乐感兴趣。 说明事物的特征. 说明人的感受 说明事物的特征 说明人的感受 6 现在分词作表语与动名词作表语的区别 worrying(事物)令人担忧的 worried(人)担心的,焦虑的 pleasing(事物)令人高兴的 pleased(人)快乐的,高兴的 surprising(事物)令人惊奇的 surprised (人)感到惊奇的 exciting (事物)令人兴奋的 excited(人)感到兴奋的 frightening(事物)令人害怕 frightened(人)感到害怕的 interesting(事物)有趣的 interested (人)感到有趣的 7 常用作表语的分词 现在分词作表语主要表示主语的性质或特征，而动名词作表语则是对主语内容的进一步说明和解释。 His job is interesting. 他的工作很有趣。（现在分词） His job is feeding the animals. 他的工作是喂养动物。（动名词） 8 02 作宾语补足语 分词作宾补 现在分词作宾语补足语说明宾语正在进行的动作或宾语的特性，与宾语之间是主动关系。过去分词作宾语补足语表示与宾语之间的被动关系、完成状态或动作由他人完成。 10 My mother kept me working all the week. 妈妈让我整个星期都在工作。 I heard him singing in the classroom. 我当时听到他正在教室里唱歌。 You should make yourself understood. 你应当使你自己得到别人的理解。 I will have my watch repaired. 我想把我的手表修一下。   主动、进行 主动、进行 被动意义 被动意义 11 分词作宾语补足语，如果前面的宾语是动作的发出者，用现在分词；如果前面的宾语是动作的承受者，用过去分词。 TIP 12 其后常跟分词作补足语的动词 see看 watch观看 notice 注意到 discover发现 smell 闻 feel感觉到 taste品尝 hear 听说 have 使 get使 find 发现 observe 观察 13 03 作定语 分词作定语 作定语的分词具有形容词的性质。单个的分词作定语常放在被修饰词的前面；分词短语作定语常放在被修饰词的后面。现在分词表示主动、进行意义；及物动词的过去分词作定语表示被动、完成意义，不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表示完成意义。 15 (1)单个分词作定语位于被修饰词之前。 I have got a running nose. 我流鼻涕。 It was shocking news to her. 这对她来说是一个令人震惊的消息。 单个现在分词充当前置定语，表示正在进行、主动的含义。  Please hand in your written exercises. 请上交你们的笔试练习题。 He is a retired worker. 他是一位退休工人。 单个过去分词充当前置定语，表示被动、完成的含义。 16  (2)分词短语作定语置于被修饰词之后。 Do you know the girl standing under the tree? 你认识站在树下面的那个女孩吗? Who were the guests invited to your party last night? 昨晚被邀请参加你晚会的那些客人是谁? 后置定语，表示主动、进行   后置定语，表示被动、完成 17 04 作状语 动名词作状语 分词在句中可作时间状语、原因状语、结果状语、条件状语、方式状语或伴随状语等。 19 Arriving home, he showed me a large bright clean room. 到家后，他把我领进了一个宽敞、明亮、洁净的房间。 Frightened by the noise outside, the little girl dared not sleep in her bedroom. 由于受到外面噪音的惊吓，这个小女孩不敢在她的卧室里睡觉了。 He fell off the bike, breaking his left leg. 他从自行车上掉下来，摔断了左腿。 时间状语 原因状语 结果状语 20 Seen from the hill, our school looks more beautiful. 从山上看，我们学校显得更美丽了。 He began to cry as if bitten by a snake. 他大叫起来，好像被蛇咬了似的。 A group of children were sitting around the teacher, playing games. 一群孩子围着老师，在做游戏。 条件状语 伴随状语 方式状语 21  分词充当原因状语一般置于句首；充当结果状语和目的状语时常置于句尾，且与主句用逗号隔开。 TIP 2 22 连词成句 1．we, girl, Vivien, spent, with, a, called, time ______________________________________________________. 2．girl, named, I, talked to, a, Delia _____________________________________________________. 3．sky, can, bird, you, a, in, flying, the, see ___________________________________________________ ? 4．is, there, running, on the playground, boy, a __________________________________________________. 5．standing around, we, in the street, four policemen, saw, the man __________________________________________________.  practice We spent time with a girl called Vivien I talked to a girl named Delia Can you see a bird flying in the sky There is a boy running on the playground We saw four policemen standing around the man in the street . 23 1．I noticed a young man ________ my purse. A．to steal B．steals C．stealing D．is stealing 2．Little Alice likes standing near the tank, ________ the fish inside. A．seeing B．watching C．to see D．to watch 3．—Look! There is a robot ________ noodles in that restaurant. —How wonderful! Robots are getting smarter. A．make B．made C．makes D．making 4．The girl ________ a pair of glasses is my best friend Jessie. A．wears B．wearing C．wore D．worn 5．There were several chemical factories _________ waste water into the stream. A．pour B．to pour C．pouring C B D C B 24 6．There ________ three men ________ in the road. A．are; walk B．is; walking C．are; walking D．is; walk 7．I found ______ too hard to understand what my English teacher said in class. I was very ________. A．that; frustrated B．it was; frustrating C．it; frustrated D．it’s; frustrated 8．After she got off the bus, she suddenly found that her purse was _________ . A．go B．gone C．going D．went 9．You were late again this morning. Was the head teacher ________ you? He always gets ________with this problem. A．angry with; bored B．get angry with; bored C．angry with; boring D．angry to; boring C C B A 25 10．In the Science Museum, the children are ________ to see so many things. A．surprised; amazed B．surprised; amazing C．surprising; amazing D．surprising; amazed 11．No one speaks to her, so she always feels ________. A．leaving out B．leave out C．left out D．leaves out 12．After hearing the news they got ________ and went downstairs. A．dress B．dresses C．dressing D．dressed 13．We got ______ when we went to different schools last term. A．separated B．separate C．separates D．separating 14．My house requires ________, so I must have it ________. A．painted, painting B．painting, painting C．painting, painted D．painted, painted B C D A C 26 THE END 双语幼儿园1班 27 奔跑吧蜗牛 杨烁 奔跑吧蜗牛, track 1, disc 0 Blues 200109.67 $$