专题55 非谓语动词的用法辨析（精讲课件）-备战2025年中考英语语法复习全攻略（全国通用）

非谓语动词之动名词 初中英语语法课件 ENGLISH LESSON 英 英 语 语 堂 堂 课 课 1 非谓语动词 三种形式 2 分词和不定式作宾语补足 不定式和动名词作宾语的区别 have+宾语+非谓语动词 不定式、动名词和分词作定语的区别 中考考点 3 01 不定式和动名词 作宾语的区别 不定式和动名词作宾语的区别   (1)有些动词后跟不定式或动名词作宾语时，其含义差异不大，如 begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer等。 5 Most elderly people want to continue to live/ living at home as long as they can. 大部分老年人都想尽可能继续在家里住下去。 They began to write/ writing down what the teacher had said. 他们开始记录老师所说的话。 不定式和动名词作宾语的区别 6  (2)有些(短语)动词后跟不定式或动名词作宾语时，其含义差别较大,如 remember, forget, go on, mean, try, regret等。 ①在 remember, forget, regret后 。 remember to do sth.记得去做某事(还没做) doing sth.记得做过某事(已做过，现在仍记得) forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(还没做) doing sth.忘记做过某事(已做过，但现在忘记了) 7 Please remember to post my letter. 请记着给我寄信。(“给我寄信”尚未做) I remember posting the letter. 我记得寄过那封信了。(“信”已经“寄了”) Don't forget to turn off the light before you leave the room. 你离开房间时不要忘记关灯。(长沙中考) I shall never forget meeting the famous professor. 我永远不会忘记遇到了那位著名的教授。 不定式和动名词作宾语的区别 8 to do sth.停止做某事,去做另一件事 doing sth.停止正在做的事 stop ②在 stop, go on 后 go on to do sth.做完一件事，接着做另一件事 go on doing sth.继续做原来的那件事 不定式和动名词作宾语的区别 9 They stopped to talk to me when they saw me. 他们看到我时，停下来跟我交谈。(“交谈”是“停下”后去做的) Stop complaining about the traffic. Just think about what we can do to improve it. 不要抱怨交通,还是想想我们能做些什么来改善交通吧。 (“抱怨”是正在做的事) 不定式和动名词作宾语的区别 10 to do sth.尽力做某事 doing sth.尝试做某事 try ③在 try后 The doctor tried to cure the woman of her illness, so he tried treating her with a new medicine. 那个医生尽力为这位女士治病，因此他试着用一种新药给她治疗。 Why not try working out the problem in another way? 为什么不尝试用别的方法解这道题目呢? 不定式和动名词作宾语的区别 11 to do sth . 打算做某事 doing sth.意味着做某事   mean ④在 mean后  I meant to go running this morning. 今天早上我本打算去跑步的。 Wasting time means killing life. 浪费时间就意味着浪费生命。 不定式和动名词作宾语的区别 12  (3)在表示“需要”的 need, want, require,后接不定式的被动式或动名词的主动式作宾语意义相同。 Your paper needs checking/ to be checked again. 你的试卷需要再检查一遍。 City construction wants designing/ to be designed carefully. 城市建设需要精心设计。 不定式和动名词作宾语的区别 13 02 分词和不定式 作宾语补足 分词和不定式 作宾语补足 现在分词、不定式作宾语补足语表示与宾语之间是逻辑上的主动关系。 强调动作的延续性或正在进行； 表示动作的被动或完成； 则强调动作的全过程，表明动作已经结束或即将开始。 现在分词 过去分词 不定式 15 I hear him singing in the next room. 我听到他正在隔壁房间唱歌。(“唱歌”这个动作正在进行) I heard the song sung. 我听到有人唱了这首歌。(表示被动) I heard him sing in the next room. 我听到他在隔壁房间唱歌了。(“唱歌”这个动作已经完成) 分词和不定式作宾语补足 16 03 不定式、动名词和分词作定语的区别 不定式、动名词和分词作定语的区别 (1)强调中心不同 动名词作定语表示它所修饰的词的用途，不存在逻辑上的主谓关系；现在分词作定语与被修饰词之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示动作正在进行。 18 There is a swimming pool at the back of the garden. 在花园的后面有一个游泳池。 There is a swimming girl in the pool. 游泳池里有一个正在游泳的女孩。 不定式、动名词和分词作定语的区别 说明 pool的用途 表示主动、进行 19  动名词作定语，常用来修英无生命的名词，此类定语不能改为定语从句。现在分词作定语，常用来修饰有生命的名词，不管前置或后置，均可以改为定语从句。 TIP 20 (2)位置不同 动名词作定语只能置于被修饰词的前面；而分词作定语时，一般单个分词前置，分词短语后置。 John wants to keep a hunting dog.约翰想养一条猎狗。 Mary raised her head to look for the singing bird. 玛丽抬起头来寻找那只正唱歌的鸟儿。 All the fallen leaves have been cleared away.  所有落叶都被清扫干净了。 不定式、动名词和分词作定语的区别 21  (3)时态意义不同 不定式作定语通常指将来的动作；现在分词作定语指正在进行的动作；过去分词作定语指已经完成的动作。 I have to work extra hours this evening, for I have three letters to write.我有三封信要写，今晚得加班。 Do you know the man sitting in the middle of the first row? 你认识坐在第一排中间的那个人吗? 不定式、动名词和分词作定语的区别 22 04 have+宾语+ 非谓语动词 have+宾语+非谓语动词 (1) have sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”,不定式往往表示一次性的具体动作，且强调动作已经完成或者尚未发生。 The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father. 士兵们让这个男孩背对着他爸爸站着。 动作由 the boy 发出 24 (2) have sb./ sth. doing sth.意为“让某人/物一直做某事”,现在分词表示这个动作往往具有持续、进行的含义。 The two men had their lights burning all night long. 那两个人让灯通宵亮着。 have+宾语+非谓语动词 强调 lights 进行的状态 25  (3) have sth. done 意为“让某人做某事”,相当于 ask sb. else to do sth.。过去分词表示这个动作由他人来完成，含有被动意义且强调动作已经完成。 The driver had his car washed once a week. 那位司机每周叫人洗一次他的车。 have+宾语+非谓语动词 wash 与 car构成 26 注 意 现在分词作定语表示正在进行的动作，变为定语从句时多用进行时态；及物动词的过去分词作定语，变为定语从句时多用被动语态；不及物动词的过去分词作定语，变为定语从句时常用主动的完成时态。 27 1．This morning Mum made me ________ some medicine because I had a cold. A．take B．to take C．taking D．took 2．Tom, your hair is too long. Would you please get your hair _______. A．be cut B．to cut C．cut D．cutting 3．— I often chat with my friends on the Internet. — You are so smart! Will you please tell me____? A．how to do B．how to do it C．how to use D．when can I use it 4．It’s not wise ______ think you are always right. A．of you B．for you C．for you to D．of you to 5．He is very serious. No one can make him___. A．laugh B．laughs C．to laugh D．laughing C A B A D practice 28 6．—Would you like __________ with me this afternoon?—Yes, __________. A．going shopping; I’d like to B．to go shopping; I like C．going shopping; I’d like D．to go shopping; I’d like to 7． Please tell Tom ______ too much noise. A．to make B．not to make C．to not make D．not make 8．She tried ________ Chinese in English classes. A．to not speak B．not to speak C．not speaking D．didn’t to speak 9．—I’m sorry I forgot __________ the letter for you! I’m really busy these days —It doesn’t matter, I’ll post it myself. A．to post B．posting C．post D．posted D B B A 29 11．The student is afraid _________ English with foreigners. A．to practice to speak B．to practice speaking C．practicing speaking D．of practicing to speak 12．Sarah always makes her son ________ his hands before eating. A．wash B．washed C．washing D．to wash 13．Houses in Wuxi are now ____ expensive that _____ many people can’t afford ____ them. A．such, such, to buy B．so, so, to buy C．such, so , buy D．so, such, buy 14．—_____ should your robot need_____ batteries? —Every two months. A．How soon, to be changed B．How long, to change C．How much, change D．How often, to change B A B D 30 THE END 双语幼儿园1班 31 奔跑吧蜗牛 杨烁 奔跑吧蜗牛, track 1, disc 0 Blues 200109.67 $$