必修第1册 Unit 2 Exploring English（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语一轮复习（外研版）

[对应学生用书P8] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．(2024·全国甲卷，听力)Students are reminded (提醒)not to carry sharp things such as knives and swords. 2．(2023·浙江1月卷)I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries，and my dad commented (评论) on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. 3．There is a vital place in public health for providing mental treatment in helping to correct these cognitive errors (错误). 4．I recommend a well­known Chinese film titled (给……加标题) Monkey King to you，which tells the fairy tale of Sun Wukong，the Monkey King. 5．As you come across new words，it is a very good method for you to guess their meanings from the context (语境).(建议信) Ⅱ.语境运用 1．He was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused people for a long time.(confuse) 2．I carried a small lantern and walked around the river.The light was reflected in the river and the reflection looked so beautiful.(reflect) 3．The report based on those figures shows that more basic facilities are in demand.Basically，there is a lot we can do to help.(base) 4．A creative artist should have creativity and imagination which can help him create works creatively．(create) 5．Experts and psychologists have been aware of the problem of phone addiction so they will work hard to increase public awareness of this problem.(aware) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．我在新学校里交朋友有困难。你能给我一些关于如何克服这个问题的建议吗？(求助信) I have trouble (in) making friends in a new school．Would you have any advice on how to overcome this? 2．这个城市以其美丽的天气而闻名。夏天不热，冬天也不太冷。(地点介绍) The city is famous for its beautiful weather.It is neither hot in summer nor too cold in winter． 3．见字如见人，那就是为什么我一直告诉你要改善你的书写。(建议信) A person's handwriting shows his/her personality. That's why I keep telling you to improve your handwriting． [对应学生用书P9] reflect vt.显示，反映；反射 vi.思考(☞reflection n.反射；反映；映像；沉思) (1)reflect on/upon sth反省/认真思考某事 (2)on/upon reflection　经过考虑后(改变看法) [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The vibrant colors of the flowers，the sunlight reflecting (reflect) off the water and the tranquil atmosphere all added color to the painting.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) ②We need to train ourselves to be better learners—to actively take part in the learning process and to reflect on/upon what we have learnt.(北师大必修三U9) ③As we walk the “path of life”，we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts，for quiet periods of reflection (reflect) can lead to personal improvement.(译林必修一U3) ④大卫低着头，静静地坐在地上，反思我刚才对他说的话。(动作描写) David lowered his head and sat on the ground quietly，reflecting on/upon what I said to him just now． contact v.联系，联络n.接触，联系 make contact with　与……进行来往；与……取得联系 keep in contact with　与……保持联系 lose contact with　与……失去联系 be in contact with　与……联系 be out of contact with　与……失去联系 [练透]　补全句子/完成句子 ①I pointed at my phone and asked him to give his phone number to me so that I could contact/ make contact with (取得联系) him when I came back here.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷，读后续写) ②I have kept in contact with/been in contact with (保持联系) my best friend by telephone for many years. ③我希望以上所提到的能帮助你，如果你有任何问题，请随时与我联系。 (建议信) I hope what I have mentioned above can help you and please feel free to contact me if you have any questions． likely adj.可能的，可能发生的(☞unlikely adj.不可能的) sb/sth be likely to do... 　某人/某物可能会…… It is likely that...　很可能…… not likely　绝不可能 [练透]　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①No editor is likely to tolerate (tolerate) a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) ②Even when an idea sounds entirely unlikely (likely)，there may be an aspect of it that is based on truth.(北师大必修三U9) ③通过这次展览，你可能会更好地了解中国传统的绘画艺术。(邀请信) a．It is likely that you can understand the art of traditional Chinese painting better through the exhibition. b．You are likely to understand the art of traditional Chinese painting better through the exhibition. remind v.提醒，使……想起(☞reminder n.提醒者，提醒物) remind sb of sth　提醒某人某事 remind sb to do sth　提醒某人做某事 remind (sb) that/wh­...　提醒(某人)…… [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close (close) the window in my car when rain is coming.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) ②It's been 33 years since Jim left the route，but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier.(2025·八省联考) ③The incredible splendor of heritage sites is a reminder (remind) of the power of nature and the genius of man.(译林选必三U4) ④春节是中国最重要的传统节日之一，它总是让我们想到家庭团聚。(传统文化) The Spring Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China，which always reminds us of the family reunion. intend v.计划；打算；旨在(☞intention n.意图，目的) (1)intend doing/to do sth　打算做某事 intend sb to do sth　打算让某人做某事 had intended to do sth　本来打算做某事 be intended to do sth/for sth　专门为(做)某事 (2)with an/the intention of　抱有……的目的 [练透]　单句语法填空/补全句子/同义句转换 ①Behind the simple style，however，is a serious message intended (intend) for everyone.(2023·全国甲卷) ②They had intended (intend) to remove the threat to the deer by setting up nature reserves，but in vain. ③How times have changed! Most people now have no intention (intend) of following in their parents' footsteps or even staying at one job for very long.(北师大选必三U7) ④Our school organized a 5­kilometer cross­country running race with the intention of (打算)improving our physical and mental strength.(活动介绍) →Our school organized a 5­kilometer cross­country running race，intended to improve our physical and mental strength．(过去分词短语作后置定语) base v.以……为基础(☞basic adj.基本的；基础的☞basis n.基础；根据) (1)base...on/upon... 　把……建立在……基础之上 be based on/upon　以……为基础；依据…… (2)on the basis of...　根据……；在……的基础上 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic (base) principles of photography in the wild.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) ②Based (base) on the earthquake that struck Tangshan in 1976，the movie After Shock is extremely striking. ③为了保持身心健康，你应该养成合理的作息习惯，定期锻炼。(建议信) In order to maintain physical and mental health，you should cultivate a reasonable work­rest practice and take exercise on a regular basis． aware adj.意识到的，明白的(☞awareness n.意识；认识) (1)be/become aware of　对……知道，明白；意识到…… be aware that...　意识到/体会到…… as far as I'm aware　据我所知 (2)arouse one's awareness of...　唤起某人……的意识 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The local authorities began to use the media to spread environmental awareness (aware) and encourage greater use of clean energy.(人教选必三U3) ②意识到所有人盯着我，我是如此紧张以至浑身冒汗。(心理描写) Aware of all the people staring at me，I was so nervous that I was sweating all over.(形容词短语作状语) come across偶然发现；被理解，被弄懂 come about　发生(常与how连用) come out　出现；出版，发表；开花 come up　被提及(无被动语态) come up with　想出；提出 come true　实现 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Families gather for big meals on Sundays，birthdays，and whatever other excuses they can come up with．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) ②They are treasures of American heritage.How did the national park system come about ? (2024·全国甲卷) ③当你在学习中遇到困难时，你最好向同学或老师寻求帮助。(建议信) You'd better turn to your classmates or teachers for help when you come across difficulty in your study. have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 教材原句：Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English? 你是否曾经问过自己为什么人们在学习英语方面有困难？ “have trouble (in) doing sth”中trouble 为不可数名词。表示“做某事有困难”的常见结构： (1)have difficulty/trouble/problems/a hard time (in) doing sth; (2)have difficulty/trouble/problems with sth。 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I've been studying English since primary school.I used to get high marks in English，but now I'm having a lot trouble with my listening.(人教必修一U5) ②我英语很好，因此我在和外国客人进行有效交流时没有任何困难。(申请信) I have a good command of English.Therefore，I have no trouble/difficulty in communicating with foreign guests efficiently. That/This is why...那/这就是……的原因 教材原句：That is why when the stars are out，they are visible，but when the lights are out，they are invisible. 那就是为什么星星出来时，它们可以被看到，但是当灯熄灭后，它们不能被看到。 (1)That/This is why...意为“那/这就是……的原因”(why从句用来表示结果)； (2)That's because...意为“那是因为……”(because从句表示原因)； (3)The reason why...is/was that...意为“……的原因是……”(表语从句常用that引导，而不用because)。 [练透]　单句语法填空/句式升级 ①Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future.That's why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats，which they don't usually like.(2024·全国甲卷) ②As we all know，reading classics is of great importance to us.This is because it can not only improve our studies but also enrich our everyday life. ③I have a good command of English and am easy to get along with.That's why I'm writing to apply for the job.(申请信) →The reason why I'm writing to apply for the job is that I have a good command of English and am easy to get along with. [对应学生用书P12] 　单句语法填空 1．Don't judge one based (base) on what you see.It's probably because he acts what he wants you to see. 2．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) I thought my pronunciation was the problem，so I explained again more slowly，but he still looked confused (confuse). 3．(2023·全国乙卷) The UK's obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected (reflect) through television scheduling. 4．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources (resource) and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. 5．Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness (aware) of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans. 6．It's a bad behavior (behave) to smoke in public places where smoking isn't allowed. 7．(2025·八省联考)Jacobs argues that urban communities are best placed to understand how their city functions，because city life is created(create) and sustained through their various interactions. 8．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled (title) “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner”． 9．Bob，who organised Live Aid，intended to raise (raise) money for the famine and it turned out to be a great success. 10．(2024·南昌二中期末)Scientific research has showed that daydreaming may improve your mental health and creativity (creative). 　短语填空 1．It looks as if you have a frog in your throat (说话困难)，making it difficult for you to speak clearly.Have you got a cold? 2．Please fill in/out your address (填写你的地址) at the bottom of the application form. 3．I came across an old friend (偶遇一位老朋友) in the street yesterday and we stopped to catch up on each other's lives. 4．Jerry rushed home immediately he heard the news，only to find that his houses had been burnt up/down (被烧毁) and all the furniture burnt out. 5．Many people are aware of (意识到) the importance of maintaining a healthy diet and regular exercise for their overall well­being. 　完成句子/句式升级 1．我读这封信很困难，因为他的书写很差。[have trouble (in) doing sth] I have trouble in reading the letter，for his handwriting is very bad. 2．读经典作品能够丰富我们的日常生活，减轻我们的压力。这就是我们应该多读经典作品的原因。(That/This is why...)(建议信) Reading classics can enrich our everyday life and relieve our pressure.This is why we should read more classics． 3．That hotel had neither Wi­Fi nor telephone services，which left a bad impression on us. →Neither did that hotel have Wi­Fi nor telephone services，which left a bad impression on us.(倒装句) [对应学生用书P13] Ⅰ.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 1．(2023·全国乙卷) By winning the Olympic all­around title，she became the first black woman to do so.冠军 2．(2023·全国甲卷)Head Chef David Thompson，who received a Michelin star for his London­based Thai restaurant of the same name，opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.办公地点在 …… 的；以 …… 为总部的 3．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Recognise all of your strengths.Write them down in a journal.Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness.认可，承认 Ⅱ.选出reflect的含义 A．显示；反映 B．反射　C．反思；回想 D．镜子等映出 1．When the sun's rays hit the earth，a lot of the heat is reflected back into space. B 2．On the way home he reflected that the interview had gone well and he nodded his head with satisfaction. C 3．(2023·浙江1月卷)In contrast to the court life and upper­class culture represented by the Forbidden City，the Summer Palace，and the Temple of Heaven，the hutongs reflect the culture of grassroots Beijingers. A 4．Her beautiful face was reflected in the mirror and she looked at herself，lost in thought. D 学校英文报正在开展以Learning English Beyond the Classroom 为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1．学习活动状况描述； 2．简单评论； 3．你的建议。 Ⅰ.利用本单元所学知识完成句子 1．如今，随着智能手机和电脑的普及，越来越多的学生选择以各种创造性的方式在课堂之外学习英语。 Nowadays，with the popularity of smartphones and computers，an increasing number of students are learning English beyond the classroom in various creative ways． 2．如图表中反映的那样，听英语歌曲和看英语电影的学生比例分别为65%和50%。(非限制性定语从句) As is reflected in the chart，the percentages of students who listen to English songs and who watch English movies are 65% and 50% respectively. 3．那些阅读英语书籍和浏览英语学习网站的学生仅占18%和12%。(现在分词短语作定语) Those reading English books and visiting English learning websites only account for 18% and 12%. 4．在我看来，过于依赖数字设备可能会产生负面影响。(动词­ing形式作主语) As far as I'm concerned，relying too much on digital devices may have negative effects． 5．由于他们缺乏自律，他们更有可能分心，在网上聊天或玩游戏。 For the lack of self­discipline，they are more likely to be distracted and then chat online or play games. 6．对学生来说，学习英语最有效的方法实际上是阅读英语书籍。 For students，the most efficient way to learn English is actually reading English books. 7．他们应该意识到，教师和家长也是他们可以利用的资源。 They should be aware that teachers and parents are also resources that they can make use of. Ⅱ.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇 One possible version： Learning English Beyond the Classroom There are many things we can do to learn English well.Nowadays，with the popularity of smartphones and computers，an increasing number of students are learning English beyond the classroom in various creative ways. As is reflected in the chart，the percentages of students who listen to English songs and who watch English movies are 65% and 50%respectively.However，those reading English books and visiting English learning websites only account for 18% and 12%. As far as I'm concerned，relying too much on digital devices may have negative effects.For the lack of self­discipline，they are more likely to be distracted and then chat online or play games.For students，the most efficient way to learn English is actually reading English books.In addition，they should be aware that teachers and parents are also resources that they can make use of. [情感细节描写]——恐惧、惊恐(二) 单词 afraid adj.害怕的；恐惧的　speechless adj.(因气愤、震惊、惊讶等)说不出话的，无语的　run away/flee 逃跑　choke/suffocate v.窒息　shrink/cower vi.蜷缩；畏缩　quiver vi.轻微颤动　shiver n.& vi.颤抖；哆嗦　uneasy adj.不安的；担忧的→uneasiness n.不安；担忧　horror n.恐怖；惊恐→horrible adj.可怕的；恐怖的 词块 be scared out of one's wits吓得魂不附体　be dead with fright 吓得要死　full of/filled with horror 充满恐惧　send a chill down/up sb's spine 令某人脊背发凉；令某人毛骨悚然　freeze with fear/terror/fright/horror 吓呆　knees knock with fright 因恐惧而双膝颤抖　knees feel weak 双膝发软　palms sweat 手心冒汗　in a cold sweat 出冷汗　sweat with fear 吓得直冒汗　one's throat tightens 某人的喉咙发紧　be overwhelmed by horror 非常恐惧　make one's blood run cold 令某人胆战心惊 句型 He was rooted to the spot.他呆住了，一动不动。 A slight feeling of fear slowly crept up on him.(无灵主语句)他慢慢感到一丝恐惧。 Fear swallowed her.她非常惊恐。 A wave of panic swept over her.(无灵主语句)一阵惊恐袭上她的心头。 At the sight of the fierce wolf，so scared did I feel that my throat tightened and my knees felt weak.(倒装句)看到那只凶猛的狼，我感到非常害怕，喉咙发紧，双膝发软。 She sweated with fear，standing there tongue­tied.她吓得大汗淋漓，站在那里说不出话来。 Her eyes were wide with terror.她惊恐地睁大了眼睛。 Her breaths came in quick gasps，and her heart was pounding so hard as if it were about to burst out of her chest.(夸张手法)她急促地喘着气，心脏怦怦直跳，就像要从胸口跳出来一样。 [语料运用]——与狼对峙 当那只邪恶的狼出现时，你几乎无法想象我们有多么惊慌。那可怕的情景确实吓到了我们，让我们脊背发凉。我极度害怕，感觉双腿颤抖，手掌冒汗。我旁边是我的儿子，他的心跳得如此厉害，仿佛要从胸膛里跳出来。看到狼那血盆大口，他吓得几乎要晕过去，站在那里说不出话来。一阵恐慌向我们袭来。我们如此害怕，以至于喉咙发紧，膝盖发软。 When the wicked wolf came up，hardly could you imagine how alarmed we were.The scary situation did scare us，1.sending a chill down/up our spine (现在分词短语作状语).2.Extremely frightened (形容词短语作状语)，I felt my legs quivering and my palms sweating.Beside me was my son，3.whose heart was pounding so hard as if it were about to burst out of his chest (非限制性定语从句)．Seeing the wolf's bloody mouth，he was nearly dead with fright，standing there tongue­tied.4.A wave of panic crept up on us (无灵主语句).5.So afraid did we feel that our throats tightened and our knees felt weak (so...that...的倒装句)． [对应学生用书P446] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·八省联考)Want to learn a new language or get A's in college exams? Previous studies have shown that exercise can help stimulate the areas of the brain that convert (转换) new information into long­term memory.A new study has taken this information one step further and found the best time when exercise can help maximize learning. Building upon past research that found exercise releases biochemicals that improve mental function，scientists at Radboud University and the University of Edinburgh conducted a study to determine when exercise was most beneficial to learning. Participants—72 healthy male and female adults—were first asked to perform a computer test that challenged their visual and spatial learning.After the test，all of the subjects watched nature documentaries，but two­thirds of them also exercised.Half of the exercisers did circuit training on an exercise bike for 35 minutes immediately after the test.The other half did the same exercise but not until four hours after they had been tested. Two days later，all of the participants returned to the lab for a recall test，and they were connected to MRI (磁共振成像) machines to assess their brain activity.The participants who exercised four hours after taking the computer test were able to recall what they had learned most accurately.Their brainwaves also showed more consistent levels of activity，indicating that their brains were less taxed to remember what they had learned. According to this research，the best time to exercise to improve learning is four hours after studying.But why? That's one question the researchers have yet to answer.Another question left unanswered is the level of exercise that might best improve learning.I've run enough marathons to prove the fact that my brain is anything but sharp during or after a tough workout.But the researchers noted that light workouts might not give the brain enough of a biochemical boost to improve learning. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究——锻炼可以帮助刺激大脑将新信息转化为长期记忆，以及可以有助于最大化提高学习效果的最佳时间。 1．What did the new study aim to explore? A．When exercise is best for learning. B．What biochemicals are good for health. C．How brainwaves should be measured. D．Which area of the brain is the most active. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第一段中“A new study has taken this information one step further and found the best time when exercise can help maximize learning.(一项新的研究更进一步找到了锻炼有助于最大化学习效果的最佳时间。)”可知，新研究旨在探索什么时候锻炼最有利于学习。故选A。 2．What were all the participants asked to do during the experiment? A．Train on bicycles. B．Do mathematics exercises. C．Play computer games. D．Watch films about nature. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第三段中“After the test，all of the subjects watched nature documentaries(测试后，所有受试者都观看了自然纪录片)”可知，实验要求所有受试者在实验过程中观看自然纪录片。故选D。 3．Why did the participants return to the lab two days later? A．To do a medical examination. B．To have their memory tested. C．To get their workouts recorded. D．To finish their previous tasks. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Two days later，all of the participants returned to the lab for a recall test(两天后，所有参与者返回实验室进行回忆测试)”可知，参与者两天后返回实验室是为了进行记忆测试。故选B。 4．What might the author's marathon running prove? A．The findings of the study are reliable. B．Long­distance runners are often smart. C．Studies on the marathon are not enough. D．Hard exercise may not sharpen the brain. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I've run enough marathons to prove the fact that my brain is anything but sharp during or after a tough workout.(我已经跑了足够多的马拉松来证明这样一个事实：在艰苦的锻炼过程中或之后，我的大脑一点也不敏锐。)”可知，作者通过自己跑马拉松的经历证明，剧烈的锻炼可能不会使大脑变得敏锐。故选D。 B (2024·南通调研测试)Ramírez Castañeda，a Colombian biologist，spends her time in the Amazon studying how snakes eat poisonous frogs without getting ill.Although her findings come in many shapes and sizes，she and her colleagues have struggled to get their biological discoveries out to the wider scientific community.With Spanish as her mother tongue，her research had to be translated into English to be published.That wasn't always possible because of budget or time—and it means that some of her findings were never published. “It's not that I'm a bad scientist，” she says.“It's just because of the language.” Castañeda is not alone.There is plenty of research in non­English­language papers that gets lost in translation，or is never translated.A research looked through more than 400，000 peer­reviewed papers in 16 different languages and found 1，234 studies providing evidence on biodiversity conservation which，because they weren't in English，may have been overlooked.These included Japanese­language findings on the effectiveness of relocating the endangered Blakiston's fish owl，the largest owl species. Some experts argue that for the sake of the bigger picture，scientific knowledge should converge (趋同) into one common language.Science is very globalized and becoming more so，so the use of a global language is enormous for that. Of course，scientists can work with an English partner，or use a translator—but this ultimately strengthens the cycle of dependency on the global north，leading to inequality in international influence.The specific meanings of words can also pose a problem in translation.For example，it is difficult to find in English one single word to describe forest snakes and frogs in the work Castañeda does with indigenous (本地的) communities in the Amazon. “So we're losing observations for science，too，” says Castañeda.“For me，it's not possible to just have everything translated into English.We need multilingual (用多种语言的) science，and we need people that feel comfortable doing science in their own languages.It could be possible to switch to a world where，say，Chinese，English and Spanish are the three languages of science，just as English，French and German were the languages of science in the 19th century.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章以哥伦比亚生物学家拉米雷斯·卡斯塔涅达遭遇的语言问题为例，揭示了目前有很多非英文论文无法被翻译。对此，一些专家主张科学知识应当转换为一个共同的语言——英语。但作者对此并不认同。作者认为这会导致国际影响力的不平等，并且有些专业术语很难用英语翻译。因此，作者希望建立一个多语种的科学世界。 5．What prevented Castañeda's discoveries from being more widely known? A．Poor management. B．The language barrier. C．Her bad reputation. D．Opposition from her colleagues. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“With Spanish as her mother tongue，her research had to be translated into English to be published.That wasn't always possible because of budget or time—and it means that some of her findings were never published.”可知，语言障碍阻止了卡斯塔涅达的发现被更广泛地了解。故选B。 6．What's the consequence of the dominant focus on English in scientific research? A．Inefficient wildlife conservation. B．A knowledge gap in the scientific world. C．A growing interest in non­English papers. D．Inadequate job opportunities for translators. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Of course，scientists can work with an English partner，or use a translator—but this ultimately strengthens the cycle of dependency on the global north，leading to inequality in international influence.”可推知，科学研究中以英语为主导的结果是最终会加强对北半球(一些国家)的依赖循环，导致国际影响力的不平等，因此这会在科学界产生知识鸿沟。故选B。 7．What does the author want to illustrate by mentioning forest snakes and frogs? A．The urgency to protect rare species. B．The need to adopt one global language. C．The challenges in translating scientific texts. D．The biodiversity on the South American continent. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“The specific meanings of words can also pose a problem in translation.For example，it is difficult to find in English one single word to describe forest snakes and frogs...”可知，作者以林蛇和林蛙为例，旨在说明一些科学研究中的文本比较难翻译，即存在挑战。故选C。 8．What is presented in the last paragraph of the text? A．A potential solution. B．A theoretical model. C．A popular belief. D．A global trend. 解析　A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It could be possible to switch to a world where，say，Chinese，English and Spanish are the three languages of science，just as English，French and German were the languages of science in the 19th century.”可知，本段主要介绍卡斯塔涅达希望建立一个多语种的科学世界来解决语言障碍问题。由此可知，本段在介绍一个潜在的解决方案。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2024·济南一模) Risks of Overtraining Getting into shape and training for an event such as a marathon requires long­lasting and intense physical commitment. 1 But the truth is，sometimes the very acts we do to get healthy can actually push us past our physical limits. Specifically，overtraining is a set of signs that occur when your body is not able to recover sufficiently before going into your next workout. 2 People tend to ignore them.Over time，the cycle of starting the next training session before allowing recovery causes breakdown of the very parts of the body that you work so hard to build up. The structures and systems of your body adapt to the demands you have placed on them before the rest time.If your workout slightly goes beyond your current ability，it will adapt toward what you did in a positive way. 3 Two main factors are necessary in recovery: nutrition and rest.Good nutrition，including water and protein intake，is extremely important，especially within 40 minutes of your workout. 4 Your body uses the nutrients you have given it during the rest time，especially sleep，to strengthen. One of the best ways to prevent overtraining is to focus on your morning resting heart rate. 5 Generally，you will detect an increase in your heart rate before the other signs show up.Tracking it in a log can be a great way to monitor your recovery. A．It's easy to measure and track. B．Allowing time for recovery is also essential. C．The problem is that they show up very gradually. D．Below are the signs and symptoms of overtraining. E．Listening to your body will assure you of your fitness goals. F．If far beyond，it'll take longer to adapt and may cause injury. G．We generally assume regular intense exercise is good for our health. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了过度训练的危害、恢复方式和预防措施。 1．解析　G　空前讲到了“为马拉松这样的项目强身健体和训练需要长期和高强度的身体投入”，而空后则是转折“但是事实上，我们为获得健康而做的事情实际上会推动我们超越身体的极限”。由此可见，空处讲到的应该是“长期和高强度的身体投入”是可取的，故G项“我们通常认为定期的高强度运动对我们的健康有益”符合语境，且G项中的“We generally assume”和空后的“the truth is”形成了明显的转折。 2．解析　C　空前讲到了“过度训练是指你的身体在下一次锻炼前不能充分恢复的一系列迹象”，而空后讲到了“人们往往会忽略它们”。由此可见，“一系列迹象”是不容易被人发现的，C项“问题是它们是逐渐出现的”说明了不易被人发现的原因，且C项中的“they”指代上文中的“a set of signs”，故选C。 3．解析　F　空前讲到了“如果你的锻炼稍微超出了你目前的能力，它将以一种积极的方式适应你的锻炼”，F项“如果远远超过(你目前的能力)，它将需要更长的时间来适应，而且可能造成伤害”与上文形成了递进关系，故F项符合语境。 4．解析　B　本段主旨句讲到了“Two main factors are necessary in recovery: nutrition and rest”，空前已经讲到了“nutrition”，因此，空处应该会讲到“rest”。B项“允许恢复的时间也是必要的”符合语境，且其中的“also”表明了空处与空前的递进关系。 5．解析　A　空前讲到了“focus on your morning resting heart rate”，空后讲到了“you will detect an increase in your heart rate”，因此，空处讲到的应该也是与关注和检测心率相关的内容，A项“它很容易被测量和跟踪”承上启下。A项中的“It”指的是上文中的“morning resting heart rate”。 Ⅲ.语法填空 (2025·八省联考)In 2010，the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the organization's six official languages.The goal was two­fold：1. (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six 2. (tongue). Language is the carrier of communication，the bridge of interaction between nations，3. the bond of understanding among civilizations.At the same time，a language and its individual 4. (write) forms make up the “soul” of a national tradition.Every language is worthy of respect and should 5. (treat) equally. The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform 6. the world to better understand China，but also 7. (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world. Today，more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems.Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 8. (improve) communication and cooperation between China and 9. rest of the world.As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture，the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history，its hard­working people，its development through 10. (innovate)，and its inclusiveness.China，on its part，will also embrace (拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了联合国设立语言日的目的及中文日的意义。 1．解析　to celebrate　考查非谓语动词。句意：目的是双重的：庆祝文化多样性，并促进所有六种语言的平等使用。本句谓语为was，此处为非谓语动词，应用celebrate“庆祝”的不定式，作目的状语，与to promote并列。故填to celebrate。 2．解析　tongues　考查名词的数。句意：同上。tongue“语言”为可数名词，由six修饰，应用复数形式。故填tongues。 3．解析　and　考查连词。句意：语言是沟通的载体，是国家间互动的桥梁，是文明间理解的纽带。the carrier of communication、the bridge of interaction between nations和the bond of understanding among civilizations为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 4．解析　written　考查形容词。句意：语言和它的书写形式组成了民族传统的“灵魂”。本空修饰名词forms，需用形容词written“书写的”，作前置定语。故填written。 5．解析　be treated　考查动词语态。句意：每一种语言都值得尊重，应该平等对待。主语Every language与动词treat“对待”构成被动关系，用be treated表示被动，且位于情态动词should后，be用原形。故填be treated。 6．解析　for　考查介词。句意：联合国中文日不仅为世界提供了一个更好地了解中国的独特平台，而且促进了世界范围内的语言和文化交流。表示“为某人/某物提供某物”用固定短语provide sth for sb/sth，本空用介词for，符合题意。故填for。 7．解析　promotes　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：联合国中文日不仅为世界提供了一个更好地了解中国的独特平台，而且促进了世界范围内的语言和文化交流。此处与provides并列作谓语，时态应用一般现在时，且主语为The UN Chinese Language Day，本空用promote“促进”的第三人称单数形式。故填promotes。 8．解析　improving　考查非谓语动词。句意：中文在促进中国与世界其他地区的交流与合作方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。此处作介词in的宾语，应用improve“提高”的动名词形式，作宾语。故填improving。 9．解析　the　考查冠词。句意：同上。the rest of...“……的其余部分”，为固定短语，本空用冠词the，符合题意。故填the。 10．解析　innovation　考查名词。句意：随着越来越多的外国人开始学习中文和体验中国文化，世界将更好地了解中国及其丰富的历史、勤劳的人民、通过创新实现的发展以及包容性。此处作介词through的宾语，应用名词innovation“创新”。故填innovation。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$