选择性必修第2册 Unit 5 Education（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语一轮复习（北师大版）

主题语境：人与自我——教育创新 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Some of these copies are now regarded as precious (珍贵的) works of art in their own right.(译林选必一U3) 2．If you have friends who are good­looking or have a great fashion sense, it can feel like you are living in their shadow (阴影)．(译林必修一U4) 3．All of us have had dreams of one kind or another and work often enables us to pursue (追求) those dreams.(译林选必四U3) 4．Spending some time in the gym is of vital (极其重要的) importance to astronauts' health.(译林选必三U2) 5．An interview is a conversation between an employer and a potential employee, which allows the interviewer to assess (评估) the job applicant to see if he or she is suitable for the position.(译林选必四U3) Ⅱ.语境运用 1．His account of what happened was consistent (consistence)． 2．From his earliest years he showed exceptional (exception) ability in mechanics. 3．She was the only thing that made life bearable (bear)． 4．It is simpler and quicker to use than conventional (convention) methods. 5．He provided a detailed analysis (analyse) of the situation. 6．The storm tends to hit our city，and we will observe the tendency of it closely.(tend) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．我已经讲得很清楚了，任何人都不准在此吸烟。(it作形式宾语) I have made it clear that nobody is allowed to smoke here. 2．小女孩很着急，开始发抖。毕竟，这是她第一次登上舞台。[It is/was the＋序数词＋time(that)．..] The little girl was anxious and began to tremble.After all，it was the first time that she had been on the stage． 3．没有你的及时治疗，我不可能活下来。(含蓄条件句) Without your timely treatment，I wouldn't have survived． 4．随着越来越多的森林被破坏，一些动植物正面临灭绝的危险。(with复合结构) With more and more forests damaged，some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out. [日积月累·联想发散] 特别“不规则”的名词复数小结 与“灾难”有关的名词集锦 “环境，情况”名词家族 ①medium→media 媒体 ②datum→data 数据 ③bacterium→bacteria 细菌 ④criterion→criteria 标准 ⑤phenomenon→phenomena 现象 ①disaster 灾难 ②flood 洪灾 ③drought 旱灾 ④catastrophe 大灾难 ⑤earthquake 地震 ⑥tsunami 海啸 ①environment 环境，自然环境 ②circumstance 环境；情况 ③surroundings (周围的)环境/事物 ④condition 状况，情况 ⑤situation 形势，情况 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[核心单词] consistent adj. 一贯的，一致的 (1)be consistent with... 和……一致/与……相符 (2)consist mainly/largely of... 主要由……组成 consist in＝lie in 在于；取决于 (3)be made up of/be composed of 由……组成 ①Her work is sometimes good, but the problem is that she's not consistent (consist)． ②We do not consider his behaviour to be consistent with the holding of a high­ranking job. ③Happiness does not consist in how many possessions you own. ④人生主要由快乐和悲伤组成，而快乐在于奋斗。 Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow while happiness consists in struggle. ⑤最近，我校图书馆一个新布置的区域，包括八个小组学习室，已经向我们学生开放。(应用文之邀请信) Recently, a newly­furnished section, consisting of/made up of/composed of/comprised of eight Group Learning Rooms, has been open to us students in our school library. sympathy n. 同情，同情心 (1)have/feel sympathy for sb同情某人 express/offer sympathy 表达/表示同情 get sympathy from sb 得到某人的同情 (2)be/feel sympathetic to/towards 同情…… ①Actually, they felt great sympathy for the victims in the accident. ②Our boss has sympathy for the poor, that is, he is sympathetic to people at a disadvantage.(sympathy) ③I thought I'd got some sympathy from my parents. ④我对考试被抓到作弊的学生完全不同情。 I have/feel absolutely no sympathy for students who are caught cheating in exams. insist vi. (insisted, insisted, insisting) 坚持；坚持主张 (1)insist on/upon (doing) sth 坚持(做)某事 (2)insist＋that从句，从句用陈述语气，表“坚持；坚决认为……” (3)insist (that) sb/sth (should) do，从句用should do形式，should可省略，表“坚持主张；坚决要求” ①David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within a few kilometers.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) ②His friends insisted that he was (be) not involved in the accident and that he (should) be set (set) free. ③学生会坚决要求每个参与者按时到达大厅。 The Student Union insists that every participant (should) arrive at the hall on time． ④只有当我们坚持经常锻炼身体时我们才能保持身心健康。(应用文之建议信) Only when we insist on working out regularly can we keep healthy physically and mentally. expand vi.&vt. (expanded, expanded, expanding) (使)扩大；增加 expand into 发展成；扩展到 expand on/upon 详细阐述；详述 expand one's knowledge/horizons 拓展知识/开阔视野 ①One in four adults (adult) say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding (expand)their cookery knowledge and skills，and young people are also getting more interested in cooking.(2023·全国乙卷) ②I don't quite understand your explanation. Can you expand on/upon it? ③我们上周五参加了一个志愿者活动，该活动开阔了我们的视野。 We took part in a voluntary activity last Friday, which expanded our horizons． disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的 (1)be disappointed to do sth因做某事而失望 be disappointed at/by sth 对某事感到失望 be disappointed that... 对……感到失望/沮丧 be disappointed with/in sb 对某人失望 (2)disappoint sb 使某人失望/沮丧 (3)to one's disappointment 使某人失望的是 in disappointment 失望地 ①Hearing this，he lowered his eyes，obviously disappointed (disappoint). (读后续写之情感描写) ②Overcome with bitter disappointment (disappoint) at his failing to pass the exam，he locked himself in the room. (读后续写之心理描写) 句式升级 ③To their disappointment，they failed to cook a Mother's Day breakfast at the first attempt.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写) a．What made them disappointed/What disappointed them was that they failed to cook a Mother's Day breakfast at the first attempt. (用what引导的主语从句) b．They failed to cook a Mother's Day breakfast at the first attempt, which made them disappointed/which disappointed them．(定语从句) ④他因未能获奖而失望地把自己锁在房间里。(读后续写之情感描写) Disappointed at his failing to win a prize, he locked himself in his room. abstract adj. 抽象的 n. 抽象；概要 v. (abstracted, abstracted, abstracting) 把……抽象出；写摘要 (1)in the abstract 抽象地；理论上 abstract knowledge/principles 理论知识/抽象原理 (2)abstract...from...从……中摘要……/提取要点 ①Money is something that she never thinks about except in the abstract. ②We may talk of beautiful things but beauty itself is abstract (美本身是抽象的)． ③老师让我们提炼出论证的要点。 The teacher asked us to abstract the main points from the argument． circumstance n. 境况，状况；情况，情形 under/in the circumstances在此情况下 under/in no circumstances 决不；无论如何都不(位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装) ①It might not be a perfect solution, but it's the best I can do under/in the circumstances. ②Under no circumstances did I expect that I would meet so many problems when I decided to take the job. ③无论什么情况下我们都不要放弃自己的信仰。 Under/In no circumstances should we give up our beliefs. approve vt. (approved, approved, approving) 赞成；赞许；批准 (1)approve sth 通过/批准某事 approve of (sb/sb's) doing sth赞同/同意(某人)做某事 (2)win one's approval 得到某人的批准/同意 give (one's) approval to 同意；批准 ①If the plan is approved (approve), everything will go smoothly. ②Catherine's mother will never approve of her leaving school this year. ③My father nodded approvingly and gave his approval to my decision to go to the farm again.(approve)(2021·浙江卷) ④我真诚地希望您能同意我的计划。 I sincerely hope you can approve of/give approval to my plan. abandon vt. (abandoned, abandoned, abandoning) 放弃；抛弃 n. 放任；放纵 (1)abandon oneself to (doing) sth/be abandoned to (doing) sth 陷入/沉湎于(做)某事 abandon (doing) sth 放弃(做)某事 abandon sb 抛弃/遗弃某人 abandon sp 离开某地 (2)with abandon 放纵地；放任地 ①I will never abandon reaching (reach) the top of the“mountain”because I want to be successful in life. ②The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned (abandon)．(2022·全国乙卷) ③A nearby theater was showing a documentary (纪录片) about several local animal shelters that were helping to save abandoned(abandon) dogs across the country.(2025·八省联考) ④我们可以纵情地唱歌、跳舞、大笑，忘却生活中的烦恼。 We can sing, dance, and laugh with abandon, forgetting the troubles in our lives. urge vt. (urged, urged, urging) 强烈要求，敦促 n．冲动；强烈的愿望 (1)the urge to do sth 做某事的渴望 have an urge to do sth 渴望做某事 (2)urge sth/sb on 催促某物/某人前进 urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事 urge that...(should) do sth 极力主张……做某事 It is urged that...(should) do sth 坚决要求……做某事 ①But learning that we'll be randomly paired to do the oral practice，I feel an urge to express (express) my different voice，hoping that this wouldn't offend you.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，应用文) ②Because of all this extra time, there was no sense of urgency (urgent) to do my schoolwork immediately. ③Dr. King's office responds to all emergencies and urgent (urge) calls. ④我有一种强烈的冲动，想看看眼前闪现的那些随机的东西！ (读后续写之情绪描写) I had a strong urge to look at/see the random things that were being flashed before my eyes! ⑤我们必须敦促更多人去反思他们不合适的行为并且做出改变。(2022·全国甲卷) →We must urge more people to reflect on their own improper behavior and make changes.(urge sb to do sth) →We must urge that more people (should) reflect on their own improper behavior and make changes.(urge that...) respected adj. 受尊敬的，受敬重的 (1)respect sb for sth 因某事而尊重某人 (2)show/have respect for...尊敬/重视…… out of respect for...出于对……的尊敬 in this/that respect 在这/那方面 in respect of/with respect to 关于；至于 (3)give/send one's respects to sb 向某人问候 ①According to his students, he is a hard­working and respectable (respect) teacher. ②Yang Zhenning, a respected/respectable (respect) Nobel Prize­winning physicist, became the first Chinese­American scientist to return to China after the US just lifted the ban on visits (visit) to China in 1971.(2023·陕西宝鸡模拟) ③I have no respect for my father, who is still up to his old tricks. ④他们让我感受到重视和尊重，无论我的艺术能力水平如何。(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷，读后续写) They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. owe vt. (owed, owed, owing) 欠(钱或人情)；把……归功于……；有……是由于 (1)owe sb sth＝owe sth to sb 欠某人某物 owe...to...把……归功于…… owe it to sb that...多亏某人…… (2)owing to 因为；由于 ①He owes his good health to his healthy lifestyle. ②Mary will take care of the baby—she owes (owe) me a favour. ③He owes it to his father that he has been so successful. ④我无法和你去旅行，应该向你道歉。(应用文之道歉信) I owe an apology to you/owe you an apology for being unable to travel with you. vital adj. 极其重要的，必不可少的 be vital to/for... 对……至关重要 It is vital to do sth 做某事很重要 It is vital that...(should) do sth 做某事是十分重要的 be of vital importance 至关重要 ①It's also vital to look (look) back on the process to see what you did well and where improvements are still needed.(译林选必四U3) ②Reading is vitally (vital) important in language learning. ③至关重要的是我们从失败中吸取教训。 a．It's vital that we (should) learn a lesson from failure. b．It is of vital importance that we (should) learn a lesson from failure. 词形转换 用所给词的正确形式填空，注意特殊词形变化 1．(2022·全国甲卷)June 8th was officially named by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day. (obvious), it attaches great importance to ocean protection. 解析　Obviously　分析句子结构可知，设空在句中作状语，应填副词。故填Obviously。 2．We are working on the (assume) that the techniques are safe. 解析　assumption　分析句子结构可知，设空作介词on的宾语，故填assumption。 3．The English­speaking community does not hesitate about absorbing foreign words into its daily vocabulary. In fact, there have never been any formal academic (restrict) on new borrowed words. (译林选必四U2) 解析　restriction　academic是形容词，修饰名词，故填restriction。 4．In each place we went, we experienced wonderful local dishes, from Guangdong's elegant dim sum —small servings of food in bamboo steamers—to the (exception)stewed noodles in Henan. (人教选必二U3) 解析　exceptional　名词前面应用形容词修饰，故填exceptional。 5．Graduates are inspired to think outside the box and innovate, breaking free from (convention) methods. 解析　conventional　句意：毕业生们被激励去打破常规思维和创新，摆脱传统的方法。methods前应用形容词来修饰，故填conventional。 动词的形式变化和固定用法 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(注意不规则动词的形式变化) 1．Canada has been (consistent) ranked by the United Nations as one of the best countries to live in，and visitors are always welcome! (译林选必三U1) 解析　consistently　根据句子结构可知此处应用副词，故填consistently。 2．Importantly，after its application，there must then follow a review process of (analyse)，evaluation and improvement so that your comprehension of the world becomes a continuous process. (译林选必四U4) 解析　analysis　设空在句中作介词of的宾语，应填名词。故填analysis。 3．The audience showed its (approve) by cheering for the comedian loudly. 解析　approval　its是形容词性物主代词，后面接名词，故填approval。 4．He found the dullness of his work scarcely (bear)． 解析　bearable　根据句意“他觉得他的工作枯燥乏味，简直无法忍受”可知，考查find＋宾语＋宾补，指工作令人无法忍受，故填bearable。 5．The young writer said he should owe his success his teacher's encouragement. 解析　to　考查固定结构。owe...to “把……归功于”。故填to。 熟词生义 写出黑体词的汉语意思 1．Many people are in sympathy with your views.同意，赞同 2．Rank the states in the order of size.排列 3．I wish that you could grasp this opportunity to learn traditional Chinese culture further.抓紧，抓住 4．I repeated the question and waited for her to expand.细谈，详谈 5．Although the job takes a significant amount of time，most students agree that the experience is worth it.大量的；相当数量的 6．The plan to abstract 8 million gallons of water from the river has proved to be practical.抽取 [短语和句型] connect...with...把……与……联系起来 (1)connect...to/with/and... 把……与……连接起来 (2)be connected with与……有联系 (3)in connection with与……相关 have connection with与……有联系 ①Two days later, all of the participants returned to the lab for a recall test, and they were connected to MRI (磁共振成像) machines to assess their brain activity.(2025·八省联考) ②Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection (connect)． ③We often connect his name with the significant invention. ④下一次我将给你们举一些与英语学习有关的例子。 Next time I'll give you some examples in connection with English study． hold up 举起；支撑；耽搁；持械抢劫 hold out 伸出；坚持 hold down 控制，压制，保持低水平 hold back 阻挡；犹豫；抑制 hold off 推迟；克服 hold on to sth 抓住某物 hold on 不挂断，等一下 ①A thief ran off with hundreds of pounds yesterday after holding up a gas station. ②Hold on a minute! Isn't that your brother's superb car over there? ③If an overweight person is having a large portion, I'll hold down a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. ④我们必须坚持，不能被困难吓倒。 We must hold out and mustn't be frightened by the difficulties. regardless of 不管，不顾 (1)regardless of强调“认为……不重要，从而不加以重视或考虑”，其后可接n./pron./v.­ing和whether/what引导的宾语从句。 (2)despite/in spite of意为“尽管；不管”，其后一般不接从句，而接n./pron./v.­ing。 (3)with regard to关于；至于 regard...as...把……视为…… ①For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style.(2022·北京卷) ②In spite of his parents' disapproval, he got married to the girl. ③Stop regarding yourself as the victim. ④尽管他是个普通的门卫，我很尊重他。 Despite/In spite of/Regardless of the fact that he is an ordinary doorkeeper, I show great respect for him. ⑤不管有多大的挑战，为了给妹妹赢一双新鞋，阿里决定参加跑步比赛。尽管在比赛中意外摔倒，阿里还是站了起来，冲向终点线。(读后续写之动作描写) Regardless of great challenges, Ali was determined to take part in the running race to win a new pair of shoes for his younger sister.In spite of/Despite an unexpected fall during the race, Ali jumped to his feet and dashed towards the finish line. put forward 提出 put up with　忍受，容忍 put off 推迟，延期 put up 举起；建起；张贴；留宿 put out 熄灭，扑灭 put down 放下；写下；镇压 put aside 不考虑；储存 put on 穿上；上演 ①Public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) ②Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.(2023·全国甲卷) ③To make your argument more convincing, you should put forward more supporting information. ④你在露营时必须克服许多不便。 There are many inconveniences that you have to put up with while camping. in most cases 在大多数情况下 in case 以防万一，假使，如果 in no case 决不(位于句首，句子要用部分倒装) in any case 无论如何，不管怎样 in case of 假使，如果 in this/that case 假使这样/那样的话 It is often the case that 通常情况下…… as is often the case ……是常有的事 ①It is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. ②There is no simple answer, as is often the case in science. ③In case of fire, ring the alarm bell. ④正如语言学习一样，学习汉语也需要练习。(话题写作之语言学习) As is always the case with language learning, learning Chinese also demands practice. (定语从句) It/This is/was the＋序数词＋time (that)．.. (教材原句)It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word—a word for something she couldn't touch. 这是海伦第一次理解这么复杂的词——表示她无法触摸的东西的词。 (1)“This/It is/was the＋序数词＋time＋that从句”，表示“这是第(一/二/……)次……”。其中， that引导的是定语从句，在口语中常省略。从句通常用现在完成时或过去完成时。 (2)It is time (for sb) to do sth表示“是该(某人)做某事的时候了”。 (3)It is (high/about) time＋that...表示“该做……”， that从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”或动词的过去式， should不可省略。 ①For most of the children, it was the first time in their lives that they had watched (watch) a movie on such a“giant” screen，as there is no cinema in the village.(2023·河北保定模拟) ②On this special day, it's time for you to stop (stop) behaving like a child and to act as an adult. ③该是我们采取有效措施控制环境污染的时候了。 It is high time that we took/should take effective measures to control environmental pollution. get＋宾语＋过去分词作宾补 (教材原句)Helen's parents got a superb teacher recommended to them, a woman named Anne Sullivan. 海伦的父母经人推荐，聘请了一位名叫安妮·莎莉文的优秀老师。 (1)该句中got作谓语，a superb teacher作宾语，recommended to them作宾补。其中，宾语和宾补之间为动宾关系，表示被动，构成“vt.＋宾语＋过去分词”结构。 (2)可以用于该结构的动词常常是表示感官的动词，如find, see, notice, watch, hear, feel等，以及使役动词，如have, get, keep, leave, make等。此外want, like等表示想或好恶的词也有此用法。 ①The headmaster wants to get the schoolyard expanded (expand)． ②I was extremely glad to hear my plan approved (approve) of. ③Don't leave the facilities exposed (expose) to strong sunshine for long, which will damage them. ④让她兴奋的是，她发现周围的环境改善了很多。 To her excitement, she found the surroundings improved a lot． it作形式宾语 (教材原句)I thought it strange that my teacher could not show me love. 我感到奇怪，为什么老师不能告诉我什么是爱。 (1)句中it为形式宾语，strange为形容词作宾语补足语，that从句为真正的宾语。 (2)当think, make, find, feel, consider等动词后面是不定式或从句作宾语，并且宾语带有补语时，通常用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语置于宾补后，构成句式：主语＋谓语＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语。 ①I think it very important that we take part in the discussion. ②They felt it hard to finish the work in such a short time. ③I think it my honor to be invited (invite) to speak here. ④我发现很难把发生的一切解释给他听。 I found it difficult to explain to him what had happened. 固定搭配和句式 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 1．These plants have a tendency (grow) in the more rural areas. 解析　to grow　根据句意“这些植物倾向于生长在较偏远的地区”可知，应用不定式。故填to grow。 2．In summary, what you say should be consistent what you do, otherwise others will not believe in you.(应用文之建议信) 解析　with　考查固定结构。be consistent with “与……一致/相符”。故填with。 3．I don't feel difficult to understand English programs. 解析　it　分析句子结构可知，考查it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式，故填it。 4．I urged that we (take) immediate measures to prevent such things happening again. 解析　(should) take　urge后面接that引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，故填(should) take。 5．We must assume him (be) innocent until he is proved guilty. 解析　to be　句意：在他被证明有罪之前，我们必须认为他是无辜的。动词assume的含义是“假定；假设；认为”，表示“认为某人是”，通常用assume sb to be结构，故填to be。 短语填空 lay stress on; adapt to; be worthy of; put forward; expose to; at one's own pace; put away; approach to; be based on; to start with 1．The computer will give students the opportunity to learn at their own pace． 2．To start with, we'd better calm down to find out what the problems of learning English really are. 3．High school students should lay stress on learning knowledge instead of playing computer games. 4．This book is worthy of being read/to be read. 5．Being exposed to direct sunlight too much can easily get you sunburnt. 6．“Yes, Mom，” replied Cheryl as she slowly put away her doll and other toys. 7．Here I'd like to put forward three suggestions to solve the problem of traffic jam. 8．Your grade will be based on four papers and a final exam. 9．Facing up to your problems rather than running away from them is the best approach to working things out. 10．You'd better master some basic Chinese in advance，making it easy for you to adapt to the new life in Beijing.(应用文之建议信) 微写作 根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇 Education is exceptionally vital in facilitating individual development and 1.promoting social progress (促进社会进步). It helps cultivate creative minds and develope 2.sympathy for (对……的同情) fellow men. Some people think that teaching means 3.expanding students' vocabularies (扩大学生的词汇量), and that making students understand 4.abstract concepts (抽象概念) to cope with all kinds of assessments. Teaching is much more complex than this. 5.It is apparent that (很明显) not all students are brilliant, which implies that teachers have to try all methods to get knowledge understood by slow students. In conclusion, education 6.is beneficial to (对……有益) mankind. 应用文写作运用——回复信(文化交流) 用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作再背诵。 假定你是李华，你的英国好友David想参加一个为期一年的交换生项目，可以到中国留学一年。考虑到自己从未在中国生活过， David犹豫要不要参加，并发邮件征询你的意见。请你用英语给他回一封邮件，内容包括：1.到中国留学的益处；2.可能面临的困难；3.你的建议。 第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球 1．参加这个项目将使你接触中国文化。 Participating/Engaging in this programme will get you exposed to Chinese culture. (动名词短语作主语) 2．你将获得新的友谊。与许多西方国家相比，在中国生活、饮食和旅游费用比较低。 You will gain new friendships. Compared with many Western countries, it's less expensive to live, eat and travel in China． 3．不可否认的事实是，你可能会遇到诸如想家，适应新的环境和学习一门新的语言等困难。 One cannot deny the fact that you may encounter difficulties such as suffering from homesickness, adapting to the new surroundings and learning a new language. 4．通过你的努力和他人的帮助，我相信一切会变得更好，最终你会觉得舒适自在。 With your efforts and others' help, I'm certain everything will change for the better and you will end up feeling at home． 5．总之，抓住这个机会参加这个项目。 In summary, grasp the opportunity and get involved in this programme. 第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目(恰当运用过渡衔接词汇，如furthermore, however等) One possible version： Dear David， That's really good news! As far as I am concerned, participating/engaging in this programme will get you exposed to Chinese culture. Furthermore, you will gain new friendships. Last but not least, compared with many Western countries, it's less expensive to live, eat and travel in China. One cannot deny the fact that you may encounter difficulties, such as suffering from homesickness, adapting to the new surroundings and learning a new language. However, with your efforts and others' help, I'm certain everything will change for the better and you will end up feeling at home. In summary, grasp the opportunity and get involved in this programme. Yours， Li Hua 续写能力提升 [教材续写语料] 情感描写 动作描写 环境描写 sympathy n．同情；支持，赞同 unbearable adj.不堪忍受的 painful adj.疼痛的；令人痛苦的 puzzle v．迷惑；苦苦思索→puzzled adj.迷惑的 disappointed adj.失望的，灰心的 excitement n．兴奋，刺激 gently adv.温柔地；轻轻地 grasp vt.抓紧；理解；急忙抓住 approve vt.赞成，同意 urge vt.敦促，催促；强烈要求 stream n．小溪 surrounding adj.周围的，附近的 circumstance n．条件；环境 shadow n．影子；阴影 [续写语料运用] 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。 　　从斜坡上滚下来，我的头撞得生疼。然而，周围灌木丛中的蚊子更令人难以忍受。环顾四周，我感到迷惑。熟悉的房子就在小溪的另一边，但我不知道我在哪里。我设法根据太阳和树的阴影分辨方向，然后决定涉水过河。突然，我失去了平衡，摔倒了。就在那时，我听到一个声音温柔地说：“别害怕。抓住我的手。” 　　Rolling down a slope，I got 1.a painful bump on the head.However，the mosquitoes in 2.the surrounding bushes were 3.more unbearable．Looking around，I 4.felt puzzled．The familiar house was just 5.on the other side of the stream，but I didn't know where I was.I managed to figure out directions according to the sun and 6.shadows of trees，and then decided to wade across the stream.Suddenly，I lost my balance and fell down.Just then，I 7.heard a voice saying gently，“Don't be afraid.8.Grasp my hand．” A级　阅读提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·山西大同阶段练习)A study from Concordia's Applied Linguistics Lab suggests that most people are usually overly harsh on themselves when speaking in a second language. PhD student Rachael Lindberg and her co­authors build on the previous understanding of individuals' metaperception (元知觉)—a person's idea of how they are perceived by others. The idea that people frequently underestimate how likable they are, known as the liking gap, is well­established. But this study is the first to examine it in second­language speakers following a conversation in English. The researchers recruited 76 English as a second language university students and paired them into roughly equal numbers of female­female, male­male, and female­male pairs, each with different first language backgrounds. The pairs were given short texts to read and discuss for 10 minutes. Participants were then asked to complete forms rating their interaction on scales of 0－100. The questionnaire was divided into three parts. The first part asked the participants to rate their partner along three dimensions: their overall impression of their partner, their partner's speaking skills and their behavior. The second part asked them to answer similar questions, but this time from a metaperception perspective. Participants were asked to consider their partner's impressions of them, their speaking skills, and their behavior. The last part asked about potential future academic and social interactions. Would they like to participate in study groups, share class notes or spend time outside the classroom with their partner? “In all pairings, people underestimated how much they were liked，” Lindberg explained. These findings can have important implications for students at universities like Concordia, which have high numbers of international students whose first language is not English. “This insecurity could potentially have consequences for their academic and social integration，” Lindberg said. “An unwillingness to seek out interactions with other students because they think they will not be liked can create a barrier. This perspective could limit potentially beneficial interactions that could foster meaningful relationships and development of their second language skills.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Concordia大学关于第二语言使用者自我感知与实际受喜爱程度之间差异的研究。 1．What does the author think of the study? A．Complex. B．Original. C．Puzzling. D．Costly. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第一段中“But this study is the first to examine it in second­language speakers following a conversation in English.(但是，这项研究是首次在第二语言使用者在进行英语对话后对其进行考察。)”可知，作者认为这项研究具有原创性。故选B。 2．Why did the researchers give short texts to the participants? A．To test their English levels. B．To discover their shared interest. C．To offer them topics to talk about. D．To calm them down quickly. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第二段中“The pairs were given short texts to read and discuss for 10 minutes.(这些配对的参与者被给予简短的文本阅读并讨论10分钟。)”可知，研究人员给参与者提供短文是为了让他们有话题进行讨论，即为了给他们提供讨论的话题。故选C。 3．What is the result of the three­part questionnaire? A．The participants underrated their likability. B．The participants' friendship developed fast. C．The participants' sense of insecurity was cleared away. D．The participants' speaking skills were greatly improved. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第三段中“‘In all pairings, people underestimated how much they were liked，’ Lindberg explained.(‘在所有配对中，人们都低估了自己被喜欢的程度，’林德伯格解释道。)”可知，参与者普遍低估了对方对自己的好感度。故选A。 4．How can these findings help international students? A．Recognizing their shortcomings. B．Feeling secure in university. C．Leaving a good impression on others. D．Being more confident in interactions. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据最后一段“These findings can have important implications for students at universities like Concordia, which have high numbers of international students whose first language is not English. ‘This insecurity could potentially have consequences for their academic and social integration，’ Lindberg said. ‘An unwillingness to seek out interactions with other students because they think they will not be liked can create a barrier. This perspective could limit potentially beneficial interactions that could foster meaningful relationships and development of their second language skills.’(这些发现对于像康考迪亚大学这样拥有大量国际学生的学校具有重要意义，这些国际学生的母语并非英语。‘这种不安全感可能会影响他们的学术和社会融入，’林德伯格说。‘由于认为自己不会受欢迎而不愿意与其他学生互动，可能会形成障碍。这种观点可能会限制那些可能促进有意义的关系建立及第二语言技能发展的有益互动。’)”可知，国际学生在交流中担心不被喜欢而不愿与其他学生交流，这种观念可能会限制有益的互动，这些发现可以帮助国际学生意识到他们可能过于担心自己的表现，从而在交流互动中更加自信。故选D。 B (2025·河北邢台开学考试)What constitutes a quality education? Today, quality is most often measured through the PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) standardized tests—and countries are ranked accordingly. The higher on that list, the better your education would be. But do these results and rankings still relate to what really matters today—and tomorrow? At first glance, the relationship between PISA and economic performance doesn't seem too hard to pinpoint. Connections between high PISA rankings and “hard” variables such as GDP, performance, productivity—these are easy enough to draw up. But if we agree that the success of modern­day economies is based on more than children's ability to read, write and domaths, what other variables might we draw up and how might we assess their presence? The rapid changes we're experiencing in our societies are having a substantial impact on the likelihood that our children will find a satisfying path when they are older. Our society is changing dramatically. Rather than pinpointing the single role they'll play, children may have to prepare for a series of roles, more so than we have been used to. Each developing child passes through our school system to reach their full potential as an adult in society. The current version of our education system requires each child to be measured against the same standards. We must all fit these particular norms, working towards meeting those specific criteria (标准). Are we not wasting an awful amount of potential and harming both ourselves and society? We are entering an age when computers, robots and artificial intelligence will start to outperform humans in skills we score children against today: computation, applied writing, organization, decision tree­based problem solving. Replacing humans in such jobs makes as much economic sense as the replacement of horses by cars once did. In healthcare, in the service industry, this is already happening and there is every reason to believe it will continue. Roles likely to avoid such robotization for some time yet are those that centre around those precise qualities that make us unmistakably human: inventiveness, creativity, sympathy, entrepreneurialism, lateral thinking, cultural sensitivity, to name a few. What if we gave these more emphasis in schools? [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。作者探讨了教育质量的真正含义以及PISA 测试是否能够全面评估教育质量。 5．What is the main purpose of PISA tests? A．To predict future job market trends. B．To evaluate the creativity of students. C．To measure a country's economic levels. D．To assess students' academic performance. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第一段“What constitutes a quality education? Today, quality is most often measured through the PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) standardized tests—and countries are ranked accordingly.(什么是素质教育？今天，质量通常是通过PISA(国际学生评估项目)标准化测试来衡量的，各国也相应地进行排名。)”可知，PISA测试的主要用途是评估学生的学术表现，故选D。 6．The author implies that the current education system may be failing to ． A．prepare students for standardized tests B．ensure all students meet the same criteria C．compare different countries' economic bases D．adapt students to society's complexity and diversity 解析　D　推理判断题。根据第三段“Rather than pinpointing the single role they'll play, children may have to prepare for a series of roles, more so than we have been used to.(孩子们可能需要为一系列的角色做准备，而不是确定他们将扮演的单一角色，这比我们过去习惯的角色要多。)”以及第四段“The current version of our education system requires each child to be measured against the same standards. We must all fit these particular norms, working towards meeting those specific criteria (标准). Are we not wasting an awful amount of potential and harming both ourselves and society？(我们现行的教育体系要求用同样的标准来衡量每个孩子。我们都必须符合这些具体规范，努力达到这些具体标准。我们是不是浪费了大量的潜力，伤害了我们自己和社会？)”可知，如今的社会要求孩子为一系列角色作准备，而不是以前的单一角色，但如今的教育体系还是用同样的标准来衡量每个孩子，即作者暗示当前的教育体系可能未能适应社会复杂性和多样性，故选D。 7．What's the author's attitude towards the development of AI in various industries? A．Unclear. B．Favorable. C．Doubtful. D．Dismissive. 解析　B　观点态度题。根据倒数第二段“In healthcare, in the service industry, this is already happening and there is every reason to believe it will continue.(在医疗保健和服务行业，这种情况已经发生，而且有充分的理由相信这种情况将继续下去。)”可知，作者对AI在各行业的发展持赞成态度，故选B。 8．What does the author mainly intend to convey through the text? A．Education should facilitate a broader set of skills. B．Economic indicators are sufficient to assess education. C．The PISA test is a reliable way to measure education quality. D．Lifelong learning is no longer necessary in the modern world. 解析　A　推理判断题。根据第三段“The rapid changes we're experiencing in our societies are having a substantial impact on the likelihood that our children will find a satisfying path when they are older. Our society is changing dramatically. Rather than pinpointing the single role they'll play, children may have to prepare for a series of roles, more so than we have been used to.(我们的社会正在经历的快速变化对我们的孩子长大后找到一条令人满意的道路的可能性产生了重大影响。我们的社会正在发生巨大的变化。孩子们可能需要为一系列的角色做准备，而不是确定他们将扮演的单一角色，这比我们过去习惯的要多。)”，结合文章作者讨论了PISA 测试与教育质量的关系，并提出教育应该更加注重培养学生的一系列技能，可知作者主要想通过这篇文章传达教育应该培养更广泛的技能。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2025·黑龙江佳木斯阶段练习)How to Improve Handwriting Why good handwriting is important? Whatever we write, it should be written in a good and impressive way because it leaves a positive impression on a reader. 1 You are advised to do as follows. If you are writing something, you should have the proper grip (紧握) while writing. First of all, hold the pen properly and then start writing it 2 After knowing the mistake just try to correct it. At the beginning, you can take your time writing the paragraph, but one week after completing that you should increase your speed. And as you start practicing, the grip will be set. Practice shapes the students who are having problems writing the letters. They should practice shapes. Practicing shapes will play a vital role in improving your handwriting. It doesn't matter whether your writing is simple or cursive (连笔的). 3 Whenever you write, write with the proper flow. For example, if you are writing one paragraph, you should touch the words you are writing properly to the line. 4 5 While practicing, you need to give proper gaps, and increase your speed. Do practice a lot! A．You need to practice daily. B．Don't be afraid of making mistakes. C．The way of writing should be proper. D．You need to find a good way to write the words. E．Learning how to make your handwriting good is not that hard. F．It should not happen that your words are going below or above the line. G．Observe the way of writing each letter, and see where you are making mistakes. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何提高书写水平。 1．解析　E　根据上文“Whatever we write, it should be written in a good and impressive way because it leaves a positive impression on a reader.(无论我们写什么，都应该用一种好的、令人印象深刻的方式来写，因为它会给读者留下积极的印象。)”以及下文“You are advised to do as follows.(建议您执行以下操作。)”可知，选项应承接上下文，表达只要执行以下操作就不难书写，E选项“学习如何使你的字写得好并不难”切题。故选E。 2．解析　G　根据下文“After knowing the mistake just try to correct it.(在知道错误之后，试着改正它。)”可知，选项承接下文说的应是关于出错的问题。故G选项“观察每个字母的书写方式，看看你在哪里出错”切题。故选G。 3．解析　C　根据上文“It doesn't matter whether your writing is simple or cursive (连笔的)．(无论你写的是简单的还是连笔的都不重要。)”可知，不管书写形式是什么样的，但要保证你书写的恰当性。C选项“写作的方式要恰当”切题，总结上文。故选C。 4．解析　F　根据上文“Whenever you write, write with the proper flow. For example, if you are writing one paragraph, you should touch the words you are writing properly to the line.(无论何时写作，都要用适当的流程来写作。例如，如果你正在写一段话，你应该把你正在写的单词正确地放在一行。)”可知，选项承接上文继续强调单词的位置。F选项“单词不应该在横线上或者下”切题。故选F。 5．解析　A　空处位于句首，是本段主题句，根据下文“While practicing, you need to give proper gaps, and increase your speed. Do practice a lot！(练习的时候，你需要适当的间隔，提高你的速度。一定要多多练习！)”可知，本段主要讲要练习。故A选项“你需要每天练习”切题，适合作本段的标题。故选A。 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2025·河南信阳质量检测)In 1996, at the age of 27, Wil Smith began his academic journey as a freshman at Maine's Bowdoin College, shortly after he had 1 his service in the Navy. Despite the challenges, he 2 himself and his one­year­old daughter, Olivia, for this new chapter in their lives. Years later, now a teenager, Olivia sat with her father to 3 on their shared experiences during those “college years”． “You weren't part of my original plan as a 4 ，” Wil admitted to Olivia. “I had a feeling that if Bowdoin College knew about you, they might not let me enroll. 5 ， I kept it a secret.” To 6 ends meet, Wil took on a job at a local store, working the night shift as a cleaner. “There were times I had to bring you to work and 7 you in the closet，” Wil laughed, recalling. “The stress and lack of food probably caused me to 8 around 27 pounds. I couldn't afford enough for both of us.” He continued, “My basketball teammates were the first to help babysit. I'd 9 returning from class to find four big guys and an 18­month­old causing chaos in the room.” Olivia inquired, “Did you ever feel 10 about bringing me to class？” “It was a bit awkward，” Wil confessed. “Sometimes, the 11 way to cope was to come in, see you 12 ， and then return to my studies.” In 2000, Wil 13 from Bowdoin, and on that memorable day, all his classmates rose to give him a standing applause. “I recall walking with you, my head resting on your shoulder，” Olivia said with a 14 . “I truly 15 your strength, and I love you.” “I find my strength in you，” Wil replied. “I always have, and I always will.” [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了主人公威尔·史密斯和女儿回忆大学时光的故事。 1．A.completed B．initiated C．extended D．considered 解析　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：1996年，27岁的威尔·史密斯在海军服完役后不久，作为缅因州鲍登学院的一名新生，开始了他的学术之旅。A.completed结束；B.initiated开始；C.extended延伸，扩大；D.considered考虑。根据上文“In 1996, at the age of 27, Wil Smith began his academic journey as a freshman at Maine's Bowdoin College”提到开始了他的学术之旅，由此可知，此处应表示27岁的威尔·史密斯从海军退役，结束了服役生涯。故选A。 2．A.prepared B．withdrew C．proceeded D．risked 解析　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临种种挑战，他还是让自己和一岁的女儿奥利维亚做好了迎接人生新篇章的准备。A.prepared准备；B.withdrew提取；C.proceeded继续进行；D.risked冒风险。根据句意以及下文“and his one­year­old daughter, Olivia, for this new chapter in their lives”由此可知，此处应表示他还是让自己和一岁的女儿奥利维亚做好了迎接人生新篇章的准备。故选A。 3．A.reflect B．depend C．contribute D．predict 解析　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年以后，现在已经是十几岁的奥利维亚和她的父亲坐在一起，回忆他们在“大学时代”的共同经历。A.reflect仔细思考；B.depend依靠；C.contribute贡献；D.predict预测。根据下文“their shared experiences during those ‘college years’”由此可知，此处应表示奥利维亚和她的父亲坐在一起，回忆他们在“大学时代”的共同经历。故选A。 4．A.colleague B．roommate C．acquaintance D．classmate 解析　B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔向奥利维亚承认：“你不在我作为室友的最初计划中。”A.colleague同事；B.roommate室友；C.acquaintance熟人；D.classmate同学。根据上文“shared experiences during those ‘college years’”可推知，此处应表示威尔一开始没打算让女儿做自己的室友。故选B。 5．A.However B．Otherwise C．Therefore D．Besides 解析　C　考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，我保守了这个秘密。A.However然而；B.Otherwise否则；C.Therefore因此；D.Besides此外。根据上文提到的威尔一开始没打算让女儿做自己的室友，由此可知，此处应表示因此，威尔保守了这个秘密。故选C。 6．A.earn B．make C．achieve D．fulfill 解析　B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了维持生计，威尔在当地一家商店找了一份夜班清洁工的工作。A.earn挣钱；B.make使得；C.achieve获得；D.fulfill实现。根据下文“Wil took on a job at a local store, working the night shift as a cleaner”提到威尔在当地一家商店找了一份夜班清洁工的工作，由此可知，此处应表示为了维持生计，威尔找了一份工作。make ends meet“使收支平衡”。故选B。 7．A.hide B．find C．liberate D．feed 解析　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：“有好几次我不得不带你去上班，把你藏在壁橱里，”威尔笑着回忆道。A.hide躲藏；B.find发现；C.liberate解放；D.feed喂养。根据上文“There were times I had to bring you to work”以及上下文语境可知，此处应表示好几次威尔把女儿带去上班，把女儿藏在壁橱里。故选A。 8．A.gain B．possess C．reduce D．promote 解析　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：压力和缺乏食物可能导致我减掉了大约27磅。A.gain获得；B.possess拥有；C.reduce减少；D.promote促进。根据上文“The stress and lack of food”由此可知，此处应表示压力和缺乏食物可能导致威尔减掉了大约27磅。故选C。 9．A.appreciate B．imagine C．forget D．sustain 解析　B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想象着放学回来发现四个大家伙和一个18个月大的孩子在教室里制造混乱。A.appreciate欣赏；B.imagine想象；C.forget忘记；D.sustain维持。根据下文“...returning from class to find four big guys and an 18­month­old causing chaos in the room”由此可知，此处应表示威尔想象着放学回来发现四个大家伙和一个18个月大的孩子在教室里制造混乱。故选B。 10．A.thrilled B．frightened C．nervous D．ashamed 解析　D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：奥利维亚问：“你带我来上课有没有感到羞愧吗？”A.thrilled激动的；B.frightened害怕的；C.nervous紧张的；D.ashamed羞愧的。根据下文“It was a bit awkward”由此可知，此处应表示奥利维亚问威尔是否感到羞愧。故选D。 11．A.entire B．special C．terrible D．only 解析　D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时候，唯一的应对办法就是进来，威尔看到女儿睡着了，然后继续学习。A.entire完全的；B.special特殊的；C.terrible糟糕的；D.only唯一的。根据句意以及下文“way to cope was...”由此可知，此处指的是唯一的应对办法。故选D。 12．A.asleep B．disappointed C．weeping D．studying 解析　A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时候，唯一的应对办法就是进来，看到你睡着了，然后继续学习。A.asleep睡着的；B.disappointed失望的；C.weeping落泪的；D.studying学习。根据下文“and then return to my studies.”提到继续学习，由此可知，此处应表示威尔看到女儿睡着了，然后继续学习。故选A。 13．A.benefited B．graduated C．learned D．retired 解析　B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：2000年，威尔从鲍登学院毕业，在那个值得纪念的日子里，他所有的同学起立为他鼓掌。A.benefited收益；B.graduated毕业；C.learned学习；D.retired退休。根据下文“...from Bowdoin, and on that memorable day, all his classmates rose to give him a standing applause.”提到所有的同学起立为他鼓掌。由此可知，此处应表示威尔从鲍登学院毕业。故选B。 14．A.hurry B．giggle C．sigh D．frown 解析　B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我记得和你一起散步，我的头靠在你的肩膀上，”奥利维亚咯咯地笑着说。A.hurry匆忙；B.giggle咯咯地笑；C.sigh叹气；D.frown皱眉。根据上文“I recall walking with you, my head resting on your shoulder”由此可知，此处应表示奥利维亚咯咯地笑着说。故选B。 15．A.admit B．increase C．evaluate D．admire 解析　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的很钦佩你的力量，我爱你。A.admit承认；B.increase增加；C.evaluate评估；D.admire钦佩。根据句意以及下文“...your strength, and I love you.”由此可知，此处应表示奥利维亚很钦佩爸爸的力量。故选D。 B级　写作规范练 Ⅰ.语法填空 (2025·山东淄博模拟)The Analects of Confucius (《论语》) records the words and deeds of the ancient Chinese philosopher Confucius, 1. (write) somewhere between the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period more than 2，000 years ago. It 2. (highlight) the political and moral ideas of Confucius and Confucianism. Ren is a core concept in the book adopted by Confucius with original meaning of loving others. 3. (represent) a high moral standard, it includes all virtues. Confucius stresses that self­discipline is 4. must for practicing the rules of propriety (礼) and achieving ren. Society has developed greatly and huge changes 5. (occur) as well after the birth of the Analects of Confucius. Nevertheless, it contains lots of ideas beyond the passage of time, some of 6. are still relevant today. For example, Confucius analyzes the relationship between learning and thinking by saying that learning without thinking leads to confusion while thinking without learning ends in puzzlement. Besides, the Analects of Confucius also 7. (vivid) shows the images of Confucius's students. Zi Lu is straightforward, Zi Gong is smart, and Yan Hui is mild and capable. Confucius insists on treating students 8. individuals to achieve full potential, which is consistent with some of the modern 9. (education) thoughts. The Analects of Confucius is a fine example of world literature, and the publication of its 10. (version) in various languages will further enhance cultural exchanges between China and the world. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了儒家经典作品《论语》的主要内容，及其超越时间流逝在今天依然适用的思想理念。 1．解析　written　考查非谓语动词。句意：《论语》记载了中国古代哲学家孔子的言行，成书于2000多年前的春秋战国时期。本句谓语为records，此处为非谓语动词，且write“编写”和The Analects of Confucius为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用write的过去分词形式，作后置定语。故填written。 2．解析　highlights　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它突出了孔子和儒学的政治和道德思想。空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语是It，highlight“突出”应用第三人称单数形式。故填highlights。 3．解析　Representing　考查非谓语动词。句意：它代表着崇高的道德标准，包括所有的美德。本句谓语为includes，此处为非谓语动词，represent“代表”和it逻辑上是主谓关系，应用represent的现在分词形式，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Representing。 4．解析　a　考查冠词。句意：孔子强调自律是行礼成仁的一个必要条件。此处泛指“一个必要条件”，应用不定冠词，且must的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 5．解析　have occurred　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：《论语》问世后，社会发展迅速，发生了巨大的变化。occur“发生”。空处作and后句子的谓语，结合“Society has developed greatly”可知，and后的句子用现在完成时，且主语huge changes为复数，助动词用have。故填have occurred。 6．解析　which　考查定语从句。句意：然而，它包含了许多超越时间流逝的思想，其中一些在今天仍然相关。空处和空前的some of构成“代词＋of＋关系代词”的结构，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词ideas，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 7．解析　vividly　考查副词。句意：此外，《论语》也生动地展示了孔子学生的形象。空处修饰动词shows，应用vivid的副词形式vividly“生动地”，作状语。故填vividly。 8．解析　as　考查介词。句意：孔子坚持把学生当作个体来对待，以充分发挥学生的潜能，这与现代一些教育思想是一致的。此处用固定短语treat sb as，意为“将某人视为”，表示把学生当作个体来对待。故填as。 9．解析　educational　考查形容词。句意：孔子坚持把学生当作个体来对待，以充分发挥学生的潜能，这与现代一些教育思想是一致的。本空用形容词educational“教育的”，作前置定语，修饰名词thoughts。故填educational。 10．解析　versions　考查名词的数。句意：《论语》是世界文学的典范，多种语言版本的出版将进一步促进中国与世界的文化交流。空处作of的宾语，结合“in various languages”可知，可数名词version“版本”应用复数形式。故填versions。 Ⅱ.应用文写作 (2025·河北邢台开学考试)假定你是校英语社社长李华，原定于下周举行的英语戏剧比赛因故推迟，请给担任评委的外教Mr Johnson写封邮件，内容包括： 1．表示歉意；2.推迟原因及后续调整。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Mr Johnson， Yours， Li Hua One possible version： Dear Mr Johnson， With utter sincerity, I'm writing to extend my apology for the postponement of the English Drama Performance Competition, which otherwise would be held next Friday. Out of our expectations, a lecture of vital importance will fall on next Friday, which unavoidably conflicts with our initial arrangement, making many competitors unavailable to the contest. Therefore, the contest has to be put off to next Sunday night. Would it be convenient for you? I apologize again for any inconvenience it may bring to you and your understanding will be highly appreciated. Looking forward to your attendance! Yours， Li Hua Ⅲ.读后续写 (2025·重庆开学考试)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Summer vacation finally arrived, and with the pressure of exams off my shoulders, I could finally rest. Unfortunately, my daydreaming was interrupted by my mother's announcement. She and my father had decided to take me to Uncle John's farm in the countryside. Being born and raised in the city, I had absolutely no clue about farm life. In my mind, I pictured waking up at dawn with cows biting my sleeves (袖子). I begged my parents to let me stay home, but it was no use. They claimed that farm life would teach me far more important things than any book on my shelf, which I thought was nonsense. Therefore, on a sleepy morning, we packed our suitcases into the car trunk and drove off at daybreak. Even though I was low­spirited throughout the ride, the moment the car entered the farm's gates, I wondered at the scenery. It looked like an oil painting, with a few cows feeding freely on a pasture (牧场) in the distance. Uncle John and Aunt Alice happily showed us around and introduced us to the animals. Aunt Alice pointed at a sheep that was moving slower than the others and said, “She's about to give birth. Do you want to see the baby lambs？” I nodded. That night, after eating dinner around a campfire, we settled into our wooden beds and fell into a sleep. Suddenly, I felt somebody shaking my shoulders. I opened my eyes; it was Aunt Alice! She excitedly told me that the lambs were here. I quickly got up and raced toward the barn (谷仓). There they were! The mother sheep was lying on the straw, and three newborn lambs huddled (蜷缩) next to her, drinking milk. Uncle John was already there, but he looked worried. “What's wrong？” I asked. “Look at that little one; it's not strong enough.” Uncle John pointed at the smallest lamb. It was true; the two other lambs were much bigger and took up all the space. The little one tried its best but still got pushed out. Uncle John said, “It's probably not going to survive.” 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 I knew instantly that I had to help that lamb. Soon, it was the end of summer vacation, and we had to go back home. One possible version： I knew instantly that I had to help that lamb. I asked Uncle John if there was anything I could do. He suggested I feed the little lamb some milk directly to give it more strength. With his guidance, I carefully held the bottle to the lamb's mouth. It eagerly drank, and after a while, it seemed to gain some vitality. Seeing its feeble attempts to stand become stronger, I felt a sense of accomplishment and warmth spreading inside me. This experience taught me that every life is precious and deserves our care. Soon, it was the end of summer vacation, and we had to go back home. As I packed my belongings, I couldn't help but think about the little lamb and how it had grown stronger during my stay. Uncle John informed me that the lamb was now healthy and lively, thanks to our efforts. Saying goodbye to the farm, I realized that this trip had been more than just an escape from books; it had been a lesson in life. I learned about responsibility, compassion, and the beauty of nature. As we drove away, I knew that a part of my heart would always remain on that farm, with the lambs and the memories of a summer that had changed me forever. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$