必修第2册 Unit 5 Humans and Nature（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语一轮复习（北师大版）

主题语境：人与自然——灾害与防范 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Over the next 20 years, thousands of engineers and workers rescued (挽救) 22 temples and countless cultural relics.(人教必修二U1) 2．A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate (气候)．(人教选必三U3) 3．Much is being done to protect wildlife (野生生物), but if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life.(人教必修二U2) 4．Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures (措施) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.(人教选必三U3) 5．Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster (灾难), people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.(人教必修一U4) Ⅱ.语境运用 1．We were shocked at the shocking news that he died suddenly yesterday.(shock) 2．Mastering some basic skills will greatly increase your chances of survival．Luckily, I survived the terrible car crash last week and I was the only survivor of the accident.(survive) 3．After seeing the frightening film, the frightened boy was too frightened to walk home alone in the dark.(frighten) 4．Children are always curious about everything they see and hear.They will ask all kinds of questions curiously．To meet their curiosity, we'd better answer them patiently.(curiosity) 5．The people in the flooded area fought bravely against the natural disaster.Their bravery deserved to be praised.(brave) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．他的一举一动好像他做了一件什么了不起的事似的。(as if) He acted as if he had done something great. 2．你提供的服务越好，得到的小费就越多。(the＋比较级……， the＋比较级……) The better service you offer, the more tip you will get. 3．他哭的原因是他对结果非常失望。(the reason why...is that...) The reason why he cried is that he was very disappointed at the result. 4．然后最激动人心的时刻到来了。(完全倒装句) Then came the most exciting moment． 5．我们的祖先最先发明了火药。(动词不定式作定语) Our forefathers were the first to invent gunpowder． [日积月累·联想发散] “优缺点”都想到 盘点后缀or表示人的名词 “in＋n.＋of”结构大集合 ①strength 优势 weakness 劣势 ②advantage 优势；长处 disadvantage 劣势；弱点 ③virtue 优点 shortcoming 缺点 ①competitor 竞争者；对手 ②inventor 发明家 ③editor 编辑 ④translator 翻译家 ⑤operator 操作员 ⑥director 指挥；导演 ①in honour of 为了纪念 ②in search of 寻找 ③in memory of 为了纪念 ④in favor of 支持；赞同 ⑤in place of 代替；取代 ⑥in view of 鉴于；考虑到 [核心单词] flood n. 洪水，水灾 v. (flooded, flooded, flooding) 淹没，(使)泛滥，挤满，充满 (1)in flood泛滥，(河水)上涨 a flood of大量 (2)flood in/into大量涌入 be flooded with 充满 flood sb out (洪水)迫使某人离开家园 flood sb with questions 用大量的问题问某人 ①The room was at once flooded with light. ②Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see，and their answer is often the same.(2023·全国甲卷) ③We can't cross the meadow there because the river is in flood. ④就在那一刻，有一种又惊又喜的感觉涌上我的心头。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，读后续写) It was at that moment that I felt a sense of happiness mixed with surprise flooded into my mind． comment n. 评论，意见 v. (commented, commented, commenting) 评论，注释 make a comment/comments on/about 对……做出评论 without comment 不予评论 no comment 无可奉告 offer comments提意见 ask for comments征求意见 ①A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere.(2023·浙江1月卷) ②Make comments (comment) only on the subjects you know well. ③Don't offer comments (comment) if you cannot understand the real meaning of life. ④他的评论让我觉得很奇怪。 His comment struck me as strange. shock vt. (shocked, shocked, shocking)使震惊；使难以置信 (1)to one's shock令某人震惊的是 be a shock to使……吃惊 (2)be shocked at/by对……感到震惊 be shocked to do sth做某事很震惊 ①In her first PE class, Eva was shocked (shock) when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside.(2024·浙江首考) ②All the students felt shocked (shock) after hearing the news. ③The bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in.Elli and I were shocked.(读后续写之情绪描写) →The bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in, which shocked Elli and me/which made Elli and me shocked．(定语从句) →What shocked Elli and me was that the bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in.(主语从句) ④这位老妇人听说她的儿子在河中淹死了很震惊。(读后续写之情绪描写) The old lady was shocked to hear the news that her son had drowned in the river. escape vi.&vt. (escaped, escaped, escaping)逃离；逃避 (1)escape (doing) sth逃避(做)某事 escape from 从……逃脱；逃避 sth(the name/date/title等) escapes sb 某人记不起某事(名字/日期/名称等) escape sb's attention/notice 逃过某人的注意 (2)a narrow escape 九死一生；死里逃生 ①The adult bees were angry and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.(2023·浙江1月卷) ②You are fortunate enough to escape being killed (kill) in the accident. Now, the escaped (escape) driver has been arrested. ③There's gas escaping (escape) from the pipe. Can you smell it? ④最后，我们九死一生，幸运地没有被那头饥饿的北极熊伤害到。(读后续写之心理描写) At last，we had a narrow escape，fortunately escaping being hurt by the hungry polar bear. survive vi.&vt. (survived, survived, surviving)活下来，幸存 survive sth 幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来 survive on...依靠……生存下来 survive from... 从……中存活/流传下来 A survive(s) B (by...)A比B活得长(……) ①Life isn't about how to survive (survive) the storm；it's about learning to dance in the rain. (读后续写之升华句) ②Membership in a group plays an important function in ensuring their safety and improving their chances of survival (survive) from attacks by predators.(2024·九省联考) ③The activity enables us to have a good knowledge of the old custom which has survived (survive) into the twenty­first century. 句式升级(用非谓语动词作定语升级句③) ④The activity enables us to have a good knowledge of the old custom surviving into the twenty­first century． ⑤She remained energetic and survived her husband by 10 years (比她丈夫多活了十年)． ⑥没有海洋，任何生物都无法生存，包括人类。(2022·全国甲卷，书面表达) Without the oceans, no living things would survive, humans included. [点津]　不能说He survived from/after/in the accident. curious adj. 好奇的 (1)be curious about... 对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth渴望/好奇地做某事 (2)out of curiosity出于好奇 with curiosity 好奇地 meet/satisfy one's curiosity 满足某人的好奇心 ①Trade and curiosity (curious) have often formed the foundation of mankind's greatest achievements.(人教选必四U3) ②It is normal for children to be curious about everything.They will ask many questions curiously and we should answer them patiently to meet their curiosity．(curious) ③I was curious to know (know) more about it, so I went to the library to consult books. 句式升级(用形容词短语作状语升级句③) ④Curious to know more about it, I went to the library to consult books. ⑤如果你对我们学校的历史感兴趣，你一定不要错过这个机会！(应用文之邀请信) If you are curious about the history of our school，you mustn't miss the chance! equal adj. 相等的；相同的 (1)be equal to (doing) sth 能胜任；比得上；等于 feel equal to doing sth 感觉有能力做某事 (2)A equals B (in...)A(在……方面)比得上B (3)without equal/have no equal 无与伦比 (4)be of equal importance/be equally important 同样重要 ①But equally (equal) important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called (call) “shallowing hypothesis (假说)”．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) ②Prices should become more stable when supply equals (equal) demand. ③Every language is worthy of respect and should be treated equally(equal)．(2025·八省联考) ④我确信我能胜任做这个国画展的志愿者。(应用文之申请信) I am convinced that I am equal to being a volunteer for the Chinese painting exhibition. rescue n．&vt. (rescued, rescued, rescuing)营救；救援 (1)rescue...from...把……从……营救出 (2)come to one's rescue 来营救某人 (3)rescuer n. 救援者；救助者 ①My classmate rescued me from an embarrassing situation. ②A wealthy businessman came to their rescue (来援救他们) with a generous donation. ③是这个勇敢的年轻人将那个可怜的老人从着火的房子中救出来的。 It was the brave young man that rescued the poor old man from the burning house. trap vt. (trapped, trapped, trapping) 困住；使陷入危险中 (1)trap sb into (doing) sth 使某人陷入(做)某事的圈套；使某人中计 be/get trapped in... 被困在……中 (2)lay/set a trap for...为……设下圈套 fall/walk into a trap落入圈套 be caught in a trap落入圈套 ①If I ever get trapped (trap) outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly no longer be able to connect me with my keys.(2024·浙江首考) ②The old man was trapped into buying (buy) a second­hand TV set. ③我读英语时，经常被一些不认识的单词难住。 I'm often trapped in some unfamiliar/unknown words when reading English. ④大楼倒塌时，几十个人被困在瓦砾中。 Dozens of people were trapped in the rubble when the building collapsed. attempt n．&vt. (attempted, attempted, attempting) 努力，尝试；企图 (1)make an attempt to do/at doing sth 试图做某事 at the first attempt 第一次尝试 in an attempt to do sth 为了做某事；努力做某事 (2)attempt to do sth 努力做某事；企图做某事 ①The annual arrival (arrive) of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve (improve) the situation.(2024·全国甲卷) ②The plan was so impractical that no attempt was made (make) to realize it. ③A man is being questioned in relation to the attempted (attempt) murder last night. ④我们第一次尝试没能把爆米花卖出去，这使我们既沮丧又悲伤。(读后续写之情绪描写) We failed to sell popcorn at the first attempt，which made us depressed and sad. loss n. 丧失；死亡 ①I am at a loss how to find my lost wallet, so I have to turn to you for help. (lose) ②Looking back, I feel I wouldn't be able to ride a bike if I had lost heart (失去信心)． ③He was lost in reading (专心读书) so that he didn't notice his friend coming. 句式升级(按要求升级句③) ④Losing himself in reading, he didn't notice his friend coming. (现在分词作状语) ⑤Lost in reading, he didn't notice his friend coming. (过去分词作状语) damage n. 伤害，损伤，损害 v. (damaged, damaged, damaging) 损害，毁坏 (1)do/cause damage to 对……造成损害 (2)damage one's health 损害某人的健康 ①The flood did a lot of damage to the crops. ②Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam, I fell onto the stones, damaging (damage) a nerve in my hand.(2021·全国甲卷) ③A terrible fire broke out on Sunday night, leaving the Henderson Tower seriously damaged (damage)．(译林选必二U1) ④吸烟严重损害你的健康。 Smoking damages your health badly. measure vt. (measured, measured, measuring)估量，衡量；测量 (1)measure...by... 用……来衡量…… be measured by/in... 用……来衡量/计算 measure sb for sth 给某人量(衣服)尺寸 (2)take measures/steps/action to do sth采取措施做某事 make sth to sb's measure 照某人的尺寸做 ①The government has struggled to come up with measures to address (address) the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging (arrange) doctor's appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice (practice) medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk.(2024·全国甲卷) ②It's generally acknowledged that education shouldn't be measured (measure) only by examination results. ③She was being measured (measure) for her wedding dress when I called her. ④We rode along the river measuring (measure) over 500 meters long until we finally reached the farm.(2023·浙江卷，读后续写) ⑤我们必须采取有效措施来保护海洋免受进一步的污染。(2022·全国甲卷，书面表达) Effective measures must be taken to protect the oceans from being further polluted. [点津]　(1)measure表“措施”时，应用复数形式； (2)measure表“有……长(宽、高等)”时，是系动词，后跟测量的结果，不用于被动语态及进行时态。 process n．过程，进程 v. (processed, processed, processing) 加工，处理 (1)in the process 与此同时，在进程中 be in the process of (doing) sth 在(做)某事的过程中；在进行……中 (2)processed food 加工过的食品 (3)process into 列队进入 ①The administration is in the process of drawing up a peace plan. ②Grocery stores sell many processed (process) foods. ③The students processed into the lecture hall. ④他一直在不断地改写他的材料。 He was in a continuous process of rewriting his material. protection n. 保护；防护 (1)under the protection of在……的保护下 (2)protect...from...保护……不受；使……免于…… protect...against...防止……遭受…… ①This hat can give protection from the sun. ②Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental protection (protect)．(2022·全国甲卷) ③Exercise will not only lower blood pressure but possibly protect against heart attacks. ④他举起手臂去保护他的孩子免受伤害。 He raised his arm to protect his child from being hurt. breathe vi.&vt. (breathed, breathed, breathing)呼吸 (1)breathe in/out 吸气/呼气 breathe a sigh of relief 如释重负；松了口气 (2)hold one's breath 屏住呼吸 catch one's breath 喘息；平复呼吸 lose one's breath 喘不过气来 take a deep breath 深呼吸 take sb's breath away 令某人惊叹 out of breath 上气不接下气 (3)breathtaking adj. 激动人心的；惊人的；令人惊叹的 ①Soon Eva began to breathe (breath) hard, with her heart pounding and legs shaking.(2024·浙江首考) ②When we paused to catch our breath (breathe), Steve got down on one knee.(2022·全国甲卷) ③We had great difficulty breathing (breathe), for the air was thin. ④I can hold my breath (屏住呼吸) for about one minute. ⑤我们上气不接下气地到了山顶，从山顶眺望，景色美得令人惊叹。(读后续写之动作描写) Out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain, from where the view took our breath away． base n. 基地，大本营，基础 vt. (based, based, basing)以……为基础 (1)以……为基础/依据 (2)on the basis of... 根据……；在……的基础上 ①It is important for us to master some basic (base) living skills to prepare us for our future life.(2023·全国乙卷) ②The film was based on a true story (以真实的故事为基础) and it turned out to be a huge hit. 句式升级(按要求升级句②) ③The film which/that was based on a true story turned out to be a huge hit. (定语从句) ④Based on a true story, the film turned out to be a huge hit. (分词短语作状语) prove vt. (proved, proved, proving)证明；证实 (1)prove sth to sb 向某人证明某事 prove (to be)＋n./adj. 原来是，证明是 It is proved that... 据证明……，据证实…… (2)There's (no) proof that... (没)有证据证明…… ①It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, has proved/has proven (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public.(2021·浙江卷) ②At least one thing proved true (truth): the color wouldn't wash out.(2023·全国乙卷) ③People have proved that eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. 句式升级(用主语从句升级句③) ④It has been proved that eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. [点津]　当prove作为系动词，表示“证明是，结果是……”时，无被动语态，要用主动形式表示被动意义。 observe vt. (observed, observed, observing)观察；注意 (1)observe sb do sth 观察某人做某事(全过程) observe sb doing sth 观察某人正在做某事 observe sb/sth done... 观察到某人/物被……(被动的动作) observe the traffic rules 遵守交通规则 observe the Spring Festival 庆祝春节 (2)under observation 正在被观察 ①She is a careful observer with an outstanding ability of observation. However, when observing the unique style of the painting, she failed to see the notice on the wall, saying “Please observe the rule and do not come close.”(observe) ②When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing (observe) how nature solved problems.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) ③When walking the dog, she observed a man running (run) along the street. ④在泰山之巅，人们兴奋地观看太阳从海上升起。(读后续写之景色描写) On the top of Mountain Tai, people excitedly observed the sun rising from the sea. harmless adj. 无害的 (1)be harmful/harmless to... 对……有/无害 (2)harm sth 损害某物 harm one's health/image/reputation 损害某人的健康/形象/名誉 (3)do/cause harm to sb＝do/cause sb harm 对某人造成损害/伤害 There is no harm in doing sth 做某事没有害处 mean no harm 没有恶意 ①The bacteria are harmless to humans. ②I would not want to deny their harmless (harm) pleasure. ③There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful (harm) gases，such as carbon dioxide.(2023·全国乙卷) ④There is no harm in doing that. ⑤众所周知，沉溺于手机有害健康。(应用文之倡议书) What is known is that being addicted to cellphones does harm to/is harmful to/harms health. 词形转换 用所给词的正确形式填空，注意特殊词形变化 1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The reason why you should show up is that you have made full (prepare) for this event. 解析　preparations　make preparations for“为……作准备”为固定搭配。 2．(2021·天津卷)Music and art, when used in hospitals, help to improve the conditions of patients by reducing stress, (anxious) and blood pressure. 解析　anxiety　设空处与stress和blood pressure并列，应用名词anxiety。 3．He worked hard overseas, attempting to achieve his (ambitious) of becoming a millionaire. 解析　ambition　his是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词。 4．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an (explore)，not as a complete highway. 解析　exploration　设空前面有不定冠词an, 后应接名词。 5．(2023·浙江1月卷)I watched the humming bird hovering gracefully in the air and smiled with relief—this tiny creature was back to her old lively and (cheer) self! 解析　cheerful　应用形容词修饰名词self。 6．(2023·全国甲卷)Their recovery has been so successful that the U．S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de­list grizzlies，which would loosen legal (protect) and allow them to be hunted. 解析　protection　由形容词legal作定语可知此处应用名词。 动词的形式变化和固定用法 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(注意不规则动词的形式变化) 1．The lecture hall is (crowd) with people who attempt to know more about ecology. 解析　crowded　be crowded with是固定结构，意为“挤满……”。 2．(2025·八省联考)I managed to find the street the theater was on, but when I turned the corner, I stopped shock. In front of the theater were a group of bikers—very big, tough­looking bikers. 解析　in　in shock“吃惊”，为固定搭配。 3．It is a pity that the kangaroo didn't escape the hunter's shot. 解析　from　escape from是固定结构，意思是“从……逃脱”。 4．Walking alone in the jungle with the horrible sounds around her, the girl was (frighten)． 解析　frightened　根据句意“女孩感到害怕”，应用­ed结尾的形容词。 5．(2021·全国甲卷)The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that (survive) China's long history. 解析　has survived　设空在定语从句中作谓语，根据语境应用现在完成时。 6．We can rule out that the dogs simply distinguish between the pictures (base) on a simple cue, such as the sight of teeth. 解析　based　be based on是固定结构，意为“以……为基础”，设空处考查非谓语作定语，故填based。 熟词生义 写出黑体词的汉语意思 1．It was a shame for me to be lectured in front of the whole class.训斥 2．The emperor conferred(授予) a title on the brave soldier.头衔，称号 3．He is seeking a large sum of damages from the airline for personal injury.赔偿金 4．“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house，” says Kathryn Whitehead.提出 5．Several of those who survived the accident have been taken to hospital in a state of shock.休克 6．I'm sorry, but your name escapes me.被遗忘 [短语和句型] turn one's back (on sb/sth) 对……置之不理，对……撒手不管 turn in　上交；交还；归还 turn on 打开 turn off 关掉；截断 turn up 到场，来到；开大 turn around 转身 turn down 拒绝；调小 turn out 出席；生产；证明是 ①An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) ②He tried to join the army but was turned down because of poor health. ③I turned up the volume and stood staring at the radio, holding my breath and waiting for the first notes of the song.(译林选必一U2) ④我们假定了每一个人都会应邀出席并就此作出安排。 We are working on the assumption that everyone invited will turn up． run out 用完；耗尽 (1)run out of 　用完，耗尽 (2)run for 竞选 run to sb 向某人求助 run into 撞上 run away 跑开 run across 偶然发现；不期而遇 (3)use up 用完，耗尽 ①The earth's resources are running (run) out at an alarming rate. ②We thought it would be best to go home before our money ran (run) out. ③I have run out of patience with her. ④我已经失去了所有的耐心，我开始勃然大怒。(读后续写之情绪描写) I had run out of all my patience and I began to explode with anger. break down 停止运转，出故障 break in破门而入；打断(谈话等) break away from脱离，挣脱 break into强行闯入；突然……起来 break out (战争，火灾)爆发 break up(使)破碎；分手；分裂；(被)拆分 break off突然中止；结束(关系) ①He lost his job and his marriage broke up. Misfortunes never come alone. ②Someone broke into my car and stole the radio. ③She broke away from him and ran to the door. ④I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down．(2024·九省联考) ⑤听到这个消息，他崩溃了，眼泪从脸颊流下来。(读后续写之神态描写) He broke down at the news, tears pouring down his cheeks. ⑥我父亲小心翼翼地把南瓜切开，我的头终于从南瓜中出来了。(读后续写之动作描写) My father carefully cut the pumpkin open, so I finally had my head break away from it． be home to 是……的产地/栖息地/发源地 at home and abroad国内外 feel at home感觉舒适，不拘束 make oneself at home别客气，别拘束 be the home of是……的产地/发源地/栖息地 ①They feel at home with each other. ②The gardens are beautifully laid out with two lakes, which are home to a vast collection of fish.(2025·八省联考) ③Australia is the home of kangaroos. ④国内外报纸都不理会这一事件。 Newspapers at home and abroad ignored the incident. as if...“仿佛……，好像……”，引导方式状语从句 (教材原句)I felt sick, as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream.我觉得恶心，好像在梦中从山顶上掉下来似的。 当从句描述的情况是事实时，从句中的谓语动词需用陈述语气；当从句描述的情况与事实不符时，从句中的谓语动词需用虚拟语气。使用虚拟语气时，as if从句的谓语动词形式分为三种情况： 与现在事实不符，用过去式(be动词用were)； 与过去事实不符，用had＋过去分词； 与将来事实不符，用would/could/might/should＋动词原形。 ①After singing some songs, the competitors danced onto the green field, waving their arms in the air as if they were (be) eagles.(人教必修三U1) ②Robert behaved as if nothing had happened (happen)． ③在明亮的阳光下，湖面看起来好像点缀着闪闪发光的钻石。(读后续写之景色描写) In the bright sunlight the surface of the lake looks as if it were dotted with shining diamonds. ④他张开嘴好像要说什么。 He opened his mouth as if he would say something． 完全倒装 (教材原句)Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.接着漆黑的极地冬天来临了。 (1)here, there, now, then等地点或时间副词位于句首，谓语动词是be, come, go, remain, lie, run等，且主语为名词时，句子用完全倒装。 (2)表示运动方向的副词out, in, up, down, away等位于句首，谓语是表示运动的动词，且主语为名词时，句子用完全倒装。 (3)such作表语，位于句首，意为“……就是如此”，句子用完全倒装。 (4)表示地点的介词短语位于句首或强调地点或为保持句子平衡，且句子的谓语是表示存在意义的动词(lie, stand, exist, live, sit等)时，句子用完全倒装。 (5)作表语的形容词、分词或介词短语位于句首时，句子用“表语＋连系动词＋主语”结构。 ①There comes (come) the last bus. ②In front of the classroom stands (stand) a tall tree. ③There is (be) some money in my pocket. ④几个星期后，当我几乎忘记比赛的时候，传来了消息。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，读后续写) A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news． [点津]　(1)在完全倒装句式中，谓语动词的数要与后面主语的数一致。 (2)完全倒装的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不用倒装。 固定搭配和句式 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 1．(2023·全国甲卷)I was about 13 an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder's Sophie's World. 解析　when　此处为when引导的时间状语从句。 2．The reason I love western music is that the piece of music has inspired me a lot when I am in difficulty. 解析　why　the reason why...is/was that是固定结构，意为“……的原因是”。 3．With my money running ， I have to ask my sister to do me a favour by lending me a few dollars. 解析　out　run out是固定结构，意为“用完；耗尽”。 4．To make matters worse, his vehicle broke at a location where no help was accessible. 解析　down　break down 是固定结构，意为“坏了；抛锚”。 5．The old man stood quietly there with his eyes focused on the picture, (lose) in thought.(读后续写之情绪描写) 解析　lost　be lost in thought是固定结构，意为“陷入深思”。设空处考查非谓语动词，故填lost作状语。 6．In addition, taking a deep (breathe) before taking an exam can help you relieve your stress. 解析　breath　take a deep breath是固定结构，意为“深吸一口气”。 短语填空 make use of; carry on; stay away from; breathe in; run out; break down; make progress; in preparation for; be made up of; be based on 1．You can make use of your spare time to do the work. 2．The doctor told him to stay away from such foods and drinks. 3．It can't be more harmful to breathe in such polluted air. 4．The food has run out so his children are hungry. 5．Let's collect new material in preparation for the experiment. 6．I hope we can make progress in the coming year. 7．Her bravery has given him the will to carry on with his life and his work. 8．My car broke down suddenly when I was driving along the road. 9．Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain, which is made up of five lines. (人教选必三U5) 10．The report is based on the analysis of these problems. 微写作 根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇 In fact, it was out of curiosity that I attended the lecture given by a 1.famous explorer (著名的探险家), who had just returned from a 2.distant continent (偏远的大陆). Expecting to hear many horrible experiences and mysteries, I went to the site cheerfully. He indeed shared some stories, in one of which his vehicle 3.broke down (抛锚) in the polar area because the gas 4.had run out (耗尽) in the snowstorm, he 5.attempted to (试图) call for rescue through the phone, but it proved useless. Cold and hungry, he was faced with death several times. Luckily, he found shelter in a nearby base 6.where he got necessary help for survival (在那里他获得了生存的必要帮助)． 应用文写作运用——短文(人与植物) 用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作再背诵。 假定你校英语报专栏“植物的奥秘”向同学们征稿。请你以“Mysterious soybeans”为题写一篇文章投稿，内容包括：1.大豆的用途；2.你对大豆的看法。 第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球 1．大豆被认为原产于中国，后来被带到西方国家。 Soybeans are believed to be native to China and later brought to the West. 2．大豆作为最丰富和最便宜的蛋白质来源之一，在今天的许多食物中充当肉类替代品。 As one of the richest and cheapest sources of protein, soybeans serve as a meat substitute in many foods today. 3．它们也是人和动物的饮食中的必需品。 They are also a must in the diet of people and animals． 4．大豆油还用于肥皂、油漆和墨水等其他产品之中。 Soybean oil is used in other products like soaps, paints and inks as well. 5．大豆已经与战争、森林砍伐和气候变化有联系，这是人类不恰当使用大豆的结果。 Soybeans have been linked to wars, deforestation and climate change, which is the result of human beings' improper use of them. 6．如果使用得当，大豆大有益处。 (普通表达)If they are used properly, soybeans can be of great benefit． (满分表达)If used properly, soybeans can be of great benefit. (省略句) 第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目(恰当运用过渡衔接词汇，如additionally, moreover等) One possible version： Mysterious soybeans Soybeans are believed to be native to China and later brought to the West. As one of the richest and cheapest sources of protein, soybeans serve as a meat substitute in many foods today. Additionally, they are also a must in the diet of people and animals. Moreover, soybean oil is used in other products like soaps, paints and inks as well. Soybeans have been linked to wars, deforestation and climate change, which is the result of human beings' improper use of them. Personally, if used properly, soybeans can be of great benefit. 续写能力提升 [教材续写语料] 情感描写 动作描写 环境描写 shocked adj.震惊的 frightened adj.害怕的，受惊的 curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地 anxiously adv.焦急地；担忧地 cheerful adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的 on the edge of在……边缘；某事快要发生(尤指不好的事) at a loss感到迷惑；不知所措 turn one's back on 对……置之不理 float vi.浮；漂 escape vt.& vi.逃离；逃避 observe v．观察；看到 rescue n．& vt.营救；救援 trap vt.困住；使陷入困境 breathe vt.呼吸，呼气 break down停止运转，出故障；(情感等)失控 flood n．洪水v.(使)灌满水；淹没 eruption n．喷发；爆发 wave n．波浪，海浪 crowded adj.拥挤的；充满的 landscape n．风景，景色 shelter n．遮蔽(物)，庇护(处) [续写语料运用] 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。 　　大雨倾盆，街道被水淹没。约翰正在公交站点躲雨，这时他看到一辆汽车在深水中抛锚了。一个孩子好奇地打开车窗观察外面拍打车门的波浪。司机和乘客被困在了车里。吓坏了的母亲想抱着孩子从车里逃出来。突然，不知所措的她滑倒了，她处于崩溃的边缘，似乎漂浮在绝望的世界里。约翰震惊之余，立刻跑去救援。齐胸深的水让他呼吸困难，但他怎么能对这对溺水的母子置之不理呢？ 　　It was pouring and streets 1.were flooded. John 2.was taking shelter from the rain at the bus stop when he saw a car break down in deep water.A child 3.opened the window curiously to observe the waves beating the door outside.The driver and the passengers 4.were trapped in the car. 5.The frightened mother wanted to escape from the car with the child in her arms. Suddenly, being 6.at a loss，she slipped and was 7.on the edge of breaking down．It seemed as if 8.she were floating in the world of helplessness. 9.Shocked，John immediately 10.came to their rescue. The chest­deep water 11.made it hard for him to breathe，but how could he 12.turn his back on the drowning mother and son？ A级　阅读提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·八省联考) East Yorkshire Attractions Burnby Hall Gardens & Museum The Balk, Pocklington YO42 2QF Tel：01759 307125 The gardens are beautifully laid out with two lakes, which are home to a vast collection of fish. We also have Stewart Museum, a children's playground, a book & gift shop, and tearooms. Sunday band concerts and events are available throughout the year. Open：10：00 a．m. to 5：30 p．m. Prices：Adults ￡4.65, Seniors ￡3.95, Children ￡2.50 Goole Museum Carlisle Street, Goole DN14 5DS Tel：01405 768963 The museum explores the colourful history of the town and port of Goole, with plenty of hands­on exhibits for younger visitors. The temporary exhibition gallery has a wide range of art, craft (工艺) and local history exhibitions which changes every month. Open：10：00 a．m. to 5：00 p．m. Admission Free Sledmere House Sledmere, Driffield YO25 3XG Tel：01377 236637 Sledmere House is one of Yorkshire's most attractive houses. We have an award­winning garden, a military museum, a children's play area, and a café & gift shop. Organ music is played on Thursday afternoons. Open：11：30 a．m. to 3：30 p．m. Prices：Adults ￡8.00, Seniors ￡6.00, Children ￡3.00 Bridlington Bird & Animal Park Bridlington, East Yorkshire YO15 3QF Tel：01262 673653 The family­run park is set in a wonderful woodland environment. It offers daily shows of pig racing. We also have a range of birds and other animals to offer a fun­filled day out for families. Open：10：00 a．m. to 5：00 p．m. Prices：Adults ￡4.50, Seniors ￡4.00, Children ￡3.50 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国东约克郡的四个景点，主要包括其地理位置、联系方式、景点活动、开放时间及票价等信息。 1．Which attraction hosts temporary exhibitions? A．Goole Museum. B．Burnby Hall Gardens & Museum. C．Sledmere House. D．Bridlington Bird & Animal Park. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据Goole Museum部分中“The temporary exhibition gallery has a wide range of art craft (工艺) and local history exhibitions which changes every month. (临时展览馆有各种各样的艺术工艺和当地历史展览，每个月都有变化。)”可知，古尔博物馆(Goole Museum)举办临时展览。故选A。 2．What can tourists do at Sledmere House? A．Feed a wide range of animals. B．Watch a band concert on Sunday. C．Explore the history of the town. D．Enjoy organ music on Thursday. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据Sledmere House部分中“Organ music is played on Thursday afternoons. (管风琴音乐在星期四下午演奏。)”可知，在Sledmere House游客们可以在周四欣赏管风琴音乐。故选D。 3．What is the ticket price for children at Bridlington Bird & Animal Park? A．￡2.50. B．￡3.00. C．￡3.50. D．￡4.00. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据Bridlington Bird & Animal Park部分Prices中的“Children ￡3.50 (儿童3.50英镑)”可知，布里德灵顿鸟类和动物公园的儿童票价是3.5英镑。故选C。 B (2025·江西九江开学考试)Plants are known to respond to seasonal changes by budding (发芽), leafing, and flowering. As climate change stands to shift these so­called phenological (物候的) stages in the life cycle of plants, access to data about phenological changes—from many different locations and in different plants—can be used to draw conclusions about the actual consequences of climate change. However, conducting such analyses require a large amount of data and data collection of this scale would be unthinkable without the help of citizen scientists. “Mobile apps like Flora Incognita could help solve this issue. The app allows users to identify unknown wild plants within a matter of seconds. When I take a picture of a plant with the app, the observation is recorded with the exact location as well as a time stamp，” says the first author Karin Mora, research fellow at Leipzig University. Although satellite data also records the phenology of entire ecosystems from above, they do not provide information about the processes taking place on the ground. The researchers developed an algorithm (算法) that draws on almost 10 million observations of nearly 3，000 plants species identified in Germany by users of Flora Incognita. The data show that each individual plant has its own cycle as to when it begins a flowering or growth phase. Furthermore, the scientists were able to show that group behaviour arises from the behaviour of individuals. From this, they were able to conclude ecological patterns and investigate how these change with the seasons. For example, ecosystems by rivers differ from those in the mountains, where phenological events start later. It is known that climate change is causing seasonal shifts—for example, spring is arriving earlier and earlier. How this affects the relationship between plants and pollinating insects and therefore potentially also food security is still being subject to further research. The new algorithm can now be used to better analyse the effects of these changes on the plant world. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个研究小组开发了一种算法，这种算法可以分析来自Flora Incognita应用程序的观测数据，以判断气候变化对植物的影响。 4．What is the significance of data about phenological changes? A．It can serve as the indicator of weather. B．It can help people to select the best seeds. C．It can show the actual effects of climate change. D．It can be used to change the life cycle of plants. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第一段中“As climate change stands to shift these so­called phenological (物候的) stages in the life cycle of plants, access to data about phenological changes—from many different locations and in different plants—can be used to draw conclusions about the actual consequences of climate change. (由于气候变化改变了植物生命周期中所谓的物候阶段，获取来自许多不同地点和不同植物的物候变化数据，可以用来得出关于气候变化实际后果的结论。)”可知，物候变化数据的意义在于它能反映气候变化的实际影响。故选C。 5．What does the underlined part “this issue” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Collecting data. B．Sorting out species. C．Identifying plants. D．Checking climate change. 解析　A　词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句的上一段“However, conducting such analyses require a large amount of data and data collection of this scale would be unthinkable without the help of citizen scientists. (然而，进行这样的分析需要大量的数据，如果没有公民科学家的帮助，这种规模的数据收集是不可想象的。)”和画线部分的上文“Mobile apps like Flora Incognita could help solve (像Flora Incognita这样的移动应用程序可以帮助解决)”可知，文中先提到需要收集大规模的数据，然后提到如Flora Incognita这样的移动应用程序可以发挥解决的作用，由此可知，程序解决的是收集数据的问题，画线部分指代的是收集数据。故选A。 6．What conclusion did researchers draw using the new algorithm? A．Spring is becoming longer and longer. B．All plants have their own growth cycle. C．Group behaviour affects individual behaviour. D．Ecological patterns in different areas are similar. 解析　B　细节理解题。根据第五段中“The data show that each individual plant has its own cycle as to when it begins a flowering or growth phase. (数据显示，每一株植物都有自己的开花或生长周期。)”可知，研究人员利用新算法得出的结论是，所有植物都有自己的生长周期。故选B。 7．What is the passage mainly about? A．How citizen scientists use mobile apps to collect data. B．How climate change is affecting the growth of plants. C．How a plant app helps identify the impact of climate change. D．How Flora Incognita allows users to identify unknown wild plants. 解析　C　主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第五段中“The researchers developed an algorithm (算法) that draws on almost 10 million observations of nearly 3，000 plants species identified in Germany by users of Flora Incognita. (研究人员开发了一种算法，该算法利用了Flora Incognita用户在德国发现的近3000种植物的近1000万份观察结果。)”可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员利用开发的新算法分析来自Flora Incognita应用程序中的观测数据，以判断气候变化对植物的影响。故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2024·福建福州质量检测)There are a lot of strategies for visiting a museum and avoiding “museum tiredness”. Consider what is mentioned below in planning. 1 Regardless of a museum's size, you'll get tired quickly if you try to look closely at every object displayed. Likewise, most museums provide lots of information about the objects on view. So don't try to read everything. 2 “Tombstone” labels are very brief and provide facts about the artist, their country, etc. There may be a number, which the museum uses to register the object, usually according to when it became a part of the collection, and a credit line that indicates the donor. Object labels are placed next to many objects. 3 The approach used to write museum labels has been much debated among art historians and museum professionals. 4 Ask for a map, or have museum staff suggest highlights in the collection or special exhibitions. Many museums have special tours, audioguides, or downloadable apps that point you to these objects. Some people recommend setting a specific amount of time for your visit (1 or 2 hours). 5 In addition to benches in the galleries, most museums have a cafe, a shop, a sculpture courtyard or gardens where you can hang out and relax for a bit. A．You'll likely meet with two types of labels. B．You are sure to make the most of your experience. C．It's always a good idea to stop by the information desk. D．It would also be wise to plan frequent breaks in the galleries. E．Note that these might not be artworks that you find appealing. F．If you live near, consider frequent visits to the changed exhibitions. G．These aim to give information not always obvious about the artwork. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何有效地参观博物馆。 1．解析　B　空处所在段落第一句提到避免“博物馆疲劳”的多种策略，并且空处前一句讲到让读者考虑下文所提到的规划建议，所以空后应该是考虑下文建议所带来的结果。B项“你一定会尽情享受你的经历”符合语境。故选B。 2．解析　A　空后分别介绍了“‘Tombstone’ labels”与“Object labels”两种标签的具体信息，所以A项“你可能会遇到两种类型的标签”与下文逻辑连贯，构成了总分关系。故选A。 3．解析　G　空前句子第一次提到“Object labels”，所以空处应该是对这种标签的详细介绍。G项“这些旨在提供一些关于艺术品的并不总是显而易见的信息”衔接上文。另外，选项中的代词“These”与空前的“Object labels”存在指代关系，也加强了两句间的衔接。故选G。 4．解析　C　段落主旨句。空处所在的段落从篇章结构角度看，应该和第二、四段并列，都是避免“博物馆疲劳”的具体策略。结合空后的内容可知，C项“去咨询台总是一个好主意”用来表达建议，符合段落大意。故选C。 5．解析　D　根据空后的逻辑信号词“In addition to”可知，空处应该会提到介词to后面所接的宾语benches in the galleries。D项“计划在画廊里经常休息也是明智的”中的galleries与空后的“galleries”为原词复现。故选D。 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2025·八省联考)I liked to go and watch the sunset at my local park, which was a seaside area in Karachi. There, I would always see the same elderly lady 1 the pigeons (鸽子). The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in 2 ， would gather around her before she even had a 3 to take the bag of rice out from her handbag. It was the same each day, part of her 4 ． I found that 5 her perform this ordinary task with such 6 was both calming and beautiful. On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her 7 spot to feed the birds. But, as she 8 the bench (长凳) to sit down, her necklace (项链) fell to the ground. I was sitting on the grass nearby waiting for the sun to set. Noticing that, I 9 to get it back for her. 10 ， before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the 11 picked up the necklace, 12 to the bench, and dropped it on her lap. I couldn't 13 my eyes. The old lady, also 14 ， began laughing quietly to herself. I was 15 with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to watching the sunset. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者喜欢去一个海滨地区的公园看日落，常看到一位老妇人喂鸽子。一个特别的晚上，老妇人的项链掉落，一只鸽子竟捡起项链放回到她的腿上，这让作者和老妇人都很吃惊，也都非常欣喜。 1．A.feeding B．pursuing C．training D．collecting 解析　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，我总是看到同一位老妇人喂鸽子。A.feeding喂养；B.pursuing追求；C.training训练；D.collecting收集。根据下文“On this particular evening, the lady arrived at her 7 spot to feed the birds.”可知，作者是看到同一位老妇人喂鸽子。故选A。 2．A.age B．size C．weight D．number 解析　D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：鸟儿的数量通常在10到15只左右，甚至在她有机会从手提包里拿出那袋米之前，它们就会聚集在她周围。A.age年龄；B.size尺寸；C.weight重量；D.number数量。根据上文“usually around 10 to 15”可推知，此处是介绍这群鸽子的数量，指通常在10到15只左右。故选D。 3．A.wish B．chance C．plan D．reason 解析　B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.wish愿望；B.chance机会；C.plan计划；D.reason原因。根据上文“The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in 2 ， would gather around her”和下文“to take the bag of rice out from her handbag”可推知，此处是描述鸽子迅速聚集在老妇人周围的场景，应该是不等她有机会从手提包里拿出那袋米，鸽子就聚集起来了。故选B。 4．A.job B．project C．routine D．dream 解析　C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天都是一样的，这是她日常生活的一部分。A.job工作；B.project项目；C.routine常规；D.dream梦想。根据上文“It was the same each day”可知，这件事每天都是一样的，由此可知，这成了老妇人的常规惯例，即她日常生活的一部分。故选C。 5．A.watching B．helping C．making D．hearing 解析　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现，看着她如此热情地完成这项平凡的任务，既平静又美丽。A.watching观看；B.helping帮助；C.making制作；D.hearing听见。根据上文“There, I would always see the same elderly lady 1 the pigeons (鸽子)．”可知，作者总是看老妇人做这件事，由此可知，是看着她完成这项平凡的任务让作者觉得平静又美丽。故选A。 6．A.confidence B．enthusiasm C．flexibility D．precision 解析　B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.confidence信心；B.enthusiasm热情；C.flexibility灵活性；D.precision精确性。根据上文“It was the same each day”可知，这件事每天都是一样的，由此可知，老妇人对此倾注了热情，因此一直坚持着。故选B。 7．A.original B．parking C．hiding D．usual 解析　D　考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：在这个特别的晚上，这位女士来到她平常的地方喂鸟。A.original原始的；B.parking停车；C.hiding躲藏；D.usual平常的。根据上文“It was the same each day”可知，这件事每天都是一样的，由此可知，老妇人是来到平常的地方喂鸟。故选D。 8．A.repaired B．approached C．shared D．supported 解析　B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当她走近长凳坐下时，她的项链掉在了地上。A.repaired修理；B.approached靠近；C.shared分享；D.supported支持。根据老妇人是来公园喂鸽子的情境，以及下文“the bench (长凳) to sit down”可推知，此处指她走近长凳坐下。故选B。 9．A.slipped in B．ran away C．got up D．turned around 解析　C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：注意到这一点，我起身去帮她拿回来。A.slipped in溜进；B.ran away逃跑；C.got up起身；D.turned around转身。根据上文“I was sitting on the grass nearby waiting for the sun to set.”可知，作者坐在附近的草地上，等待太阳落山，由此可知，作者看到老妇人的项链掉落后，起身去帮她拿回来。故选C。 10．A.However B．Afterwards C．Gradually D．Fortunately 解析　A　考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我到达之前，鸟群中的一只鸽子捡起了项链，飞到长凳上，把它放在她的腿上。A.However然而；B.Afterwards之后；C.Gradually逐渐地；D.Fortunately幸运地。根据下文“before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the 11 picked up the necklace, 12 to the bench, and dropped it on her lap”可知，一只鸽子捡起项链，归还给了老妇人，这与作者原本的行为形成转折，应用However“然而”衔接上下文。故选A。 11．A.sea B．tree C．pair D．group 解析　D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.sea海洋；B.tree树；C.pair一对；D.group群。根据上文“The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in 2 ， would gather around her”可知，这是聚集在老妇人周围的那群鸽子中的一只。故选D。 12．A.walked B．stuck C．pointed D．flew 解析　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.walked行走；B.stuck卡住；C.pointed指向；D.flew飞。根据上文“one of the pigeons”和下文“dropped it on her lap”可推知，鸽子应该是飞到长凳上，再把项链放在老妇人的腿上。故选D。 13．A.lift B．cover C．believe D．close 解析　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。A.lift举起；B.cover覆盖；C.believe相信；D.close关闭。根据上文“before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the 11 picked up the necklace, 12 to the bench, and dropped it on her lap”可知，老妇人经常喂的鸽子居然帮她捡回项链，这是令人难以置信的事，因此作者不敢相信自己的眼睛。故选C。 14．A.satisfied B．surprised C．annoyed D．frightened 解析　B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老太太也很吃惊，开始静静地笑了起来。A.satisfied满意的；B.surprised惊讶的；C.annoyed恼怒的；D.frightened害怕的。根据上文“before I reached it, one of the pigeons from the 11 picked up the necklace, 12 to the bench, and dropped it on her lap”和“also”可知，看到自己经常喂的鸽子居然捡回项链，老妇人的反应和作者是一样的，感到非常惊讶。故选B。 15．A.caught B．hit C．left D．met 解析　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我脸上露出了灿烂的笑容，高高兴兴地继续看日落。A.caught抓住；B.hit击打；C.left剩下；D.met遇见。根据下文“with a huge smile on my face and happily went back to watching the sunset”可知，作者见到这一情景，内心是高兴的，脸上应该是有灿烂的笑容，即露出了灿烂的笑容，短语be left with意为“使处于(某种状态)”，表示在某种情况下，剩下有某些东西或某种感觉。故选C。 B级　写作规范练 Ⅰ.语法填空 (2025·甘青宁三省联考)In the most southwestern part of China, the mountainous Yunnan province, you can see wild tea trees 1. have stood there for thousands of years. Since the Han dynasty, these trees, or more specifically their leaves, 2. (use) to make special varieties of black tea and to this day Yunnan remains one of the most important tea­producing regions. The region of Yunnan, 3. (consider) to be the birthplace of tea, proves particularly suitable 4. the growth of tea trees because of its geographical characteristics. While the climate is generally mild and humid, and rain falls regularly, the landscape 5. (range) from snow­capped mountains in the north to subtropical low­altitudes(亚热带低海拔地区) in the southeast. Tea leaves harvested from the wild tea trees growing there have several 6. (benefit). Having lived for hundreds, if not thousands of years, these ancient trees have taken in many minerals and nutrients from rich soil, 7. (add) the complexity and uniqueness of the flavor of the tea. Also, these trees have not been subjected to pesticides or artificial fertilizers. Sadly, over the last decades, 8. number of ancient tea trees still in 9. (exist) has been on a stable decline. To keep up with demand and the production processes, many of the tea trees have been cut in half for more branches and leaves in an effort to produce bigger harvests. However, this practice obviously isn't in the best interest of the tree 10. (it), ultimately leading to the death of many of these ancient trees. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国云南省的野生茶树及其重要性，包括这些茶树的悠久历史、地理条件对茶树生长的影响、茶叶的益处，以及近年来古茶树数量减少的问题。 1．解析　that/which　考查定语从句。句意：在中国最西南部的云南省，你可以看到已经屹立了数千年的野生茶树。“ have stood there for thousands of years”为定语从句，修饰先行词“wild tea trees”，且该定语从句缺少主语，又因为先行词指物，所以应用关系代词that或which引导该定语从句，且在从句中作主语。故填that/which。 2．解析　have been used　考查动词的时态和语态。句意：自汉朝以来，这些树木，或者更具体地说，它们的叶子，被用来制作特殊品种的红茶，直到今天，云南仍然是最重要的茶叶产区之一。根据时间状语“Since the Han dynasty”可知，此处描述的是从过去某一时间点开始一直持续到现在的情况，时态应用现在完成时；又因为主语“these trees, or more specifically their leaves”与use“使用”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数，助动词用have。故填have been used。 3．解析　considered　考查非谓语动词。句意：云南地区，被认为是茶的发源地，由于其地理特征，特别适合茶树的生长。“ (consider) to be the birthplace of tea”为定语，修饰The region of Yunnan，且consider“认为”与“The region of Yunnan”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以应用过去分词形式，作定语。故填considered。 4．解析　for　考查固定短语。句意：云南地区，被认为是茶的发源地，由于其地理特征，特别适合茶树的生长。be suitable for为固定短语，意为“适合”。故填for。 5．解析　ranges　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：虽然气候普遍温和湿润，雨水定期降落，但景观从北部的雪山到东南部的亚热带低海拔地区各不相同。range from...to...“范围从……到……”。“ (range) from snow­capped mountains in the north to subtropical low­altitudes in the southeast”为主句，且描述的是客观事实，所以时态应用一般现在时；又因为主语the landscape为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填ranges。 6．解析　benefits　考查名词的数。句意：从那里生长的野生茶树采摘的茶叶有几种好处。benefit为可数名词，意为“好处”，且前面有several修饰，所以应用复数形式。故填benefits。 7．解析　adding　考查非谓语动词。句意：这些古树已经存活了数百年，甚至数千年，它们从肥沃的土壤中吸收了许多矿物质和养分，增加了茶叶风味的复杂性和独特性。“ (add) the complexity and uniqueness of the flavor of the tea”为状语，且add“增加”与逻辑主语these ancient trees之间是主谓关系，所以应用现在分词形式作状语。故填adding。 8．解析　the　考查冠词。句意：令人遗憾的是，在过去的几十年里，仍然存在的古茶树数量一直在稳定下降。the number of为固定短语，意为“……的数量”，所以本空应填不定冠词the。故填the。 9．解析　existence　考查名词。句意：令人遗憾的是，在过去的几十年里，仍然存在的古茶树数量一直在稳定下降。exist为动词，意为“存在”，此处应用其名词形式existence作介词in的宾语。故填existence。 10．解析　itself　考查代词。句意：然而，这种做法显然不符合树木自身的最佳利益，最终导致了许多这些古树的死亡。此处作介词of的宾语，指代“the tree”，所以应用itself “它自己”。故填itself。 Ⅱ.应用文写作 (2025·内蒙古赤峰阶段练习)假定你是李华，你校高三年级上周去当地自然保护区进行了为期一天的研学活动。请你给英国笔友 Bruce 写一封电子邮件分享这次经历，内容包括： 1．你的研学见闻；2.你的感想。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Bruce， I am writing to share with you our study trip to the local nature reserve last Friday. Yours sincerely， Li Hua One possible version： Dear Bruce， I am writing to share with you our study trip to the local nature reserve last Friday. It was such a fascinating experience! We spent the whole day exploring the diverse ecosystem and learning about the importance of nature reserves in preserving biodiversity. During the trip, we observed various species of birds and plants that thrive in the nature reserve. Our guide explained how nature reserves help filter pollutants from the air and protect water and soil from erosion. We even collected water samples and examined microorganisms under microscopes, which was educational. Personally, I was deeply impressed by the peaceful atmosphere and the harmony between humans and nature in the nature reserves. It made me realize how crucial it is to conserve such habitats for future generations. Looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours sincerely， Li Hua Ⅲ.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Sweat dripped from Callie's face as she helped her big brother Briggs load hay bales (干草捆) onto the conveyor (输送机). She wasn't strong enough to lift them herself, but she could at least help drag them into place. The machine chattered noisily while it carried the bales up to the hayloft, where Callie's dad stacked them. All was quiet when Callie went inside to feed the horses. But as she filled the water buckets, she thought she heard a faint meow from the hayloft. She climbed the steps to the loft and listened. The sound seemed to be coming from behind the bales. She ran to get her dad and Briggs. Briggs cocked his head. “It's coming from outside，” he determined. “Just a bird in a tree.” Callie's dad agreed. “How do you know for sure？” Callie said. “I guess we've just got better ears than you，” Briggs joked. But Callie wasn't convinced. She checked the hayloft again after supper. “Are you stuck in there, kitty？” she said, pressing an ear to the bales. Callie raced back to the house. “I heard it again, Dad! Will you please listen once more？” “All right, Cal，” her dad said, turning off the TV. “I'll go check while you get ready for bed.” A few minutes later, Dad poked his head into Callie's room. “The only thing I heard out there was a screech owl，” he said. “So stop worrying.” “OK, Dad，” Callie said. “Thanks for checking.” But she woke in the night thinking about what she'd heard. What if a kitten was trapped behind the bales? She lay on her back, wondering what to do. Finally, she grabbed a flashlight and crept into the barn. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Once in the barn, she shined the flashlight's beam toward the ladder. Finally, Callie picked up the scared kitten from the corner of the hayloft. One possible version： Once in the barn, she shined the flashlight's beam toward the ladder. Her heart pounding, Callie climbed up to the hayloft. She moved carefully between the hay bales, listening intently. Suddenly, she heard a faint meow coming from a far corner. Excited but cautious, Callie inched her way towards the sound, moving hay bales aside one by one. As she neared the source, the meowing grew louder and more desperate. Finally, behind the last bale, she spotted a tiny black and white kitten, its eyes wide with fear. Finally, Callie picked up the scared kitten from the corner of the hayloft. She cradled it gently in her arms, the little kitten shivering all over. It struggled against her, seemingly relieved to be found. Callie carefully made her way down the ladder and rushed back to the house. She woke her father and brother, proudly showing them the kitten and explaining how she had trusted her instincts. Her family was amazed and proud of her persistence. She decided to name the kitten“Lucky” and vowed to care for it until they could find its owner or, if necessary, give it a permanent home on their farm. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$