必修第1册 Unit 2 Sports and Fitness（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语一轮复习（北师大版）

主题语境：人与社会——体育与健康 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．I worried about my weight and tried every new diet (日常饮食) I read about online.(人教必修一U3) 2．Their perseverance paid off with an epic comeback against the defending champion (冠军) Brazil in the quarter­finals.(外研选必一U3) 3．Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system (系统) began to develop in one direction.(人教必修一U5) 4．Here are some of our favourites, to remind (使……想到) us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world！(外研必修一U2) 5．As a coach, she led the China women's volleyball team to medals (奖牌) at world championships and the Olympics.(人教必修一U3) Ⅱ.语境运用 1．A teacher should not show preference for any one of his pupils，but most teachers prefer to make friends with the polite students.(prefer) 2．He occupies an important position in a company, and is occupied with all kinds of activities, so his occupation brings him great fame and fortune.(occupy) 3．The boy is particularly interested in making model planes but he is not particular about what he eats.(particular) 4．Everyone knows the benefit of learning English and if you learn it well, it will be beneficial to your future career.It is reported that many graduates have benefited from having a good command of English.(benefit) 5．None of the students responded to her question; in other words, her question failed to get a response from any of the students.(respond) 6．In time of war, lots of money will be spent on defence and many measures will be taken to defend a country from being attacked.(defend) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．保护濒危动物对于人类来说不仅重要而且是必要的。(not only...but also...句型) Protecting endangered animals is not only important but also necessary for human beings． 2．感到孤独和无助，女孩痛哭起来。(动词­ing形式短语作状语) Feeling lonely and helpless, the girl cried bitterly. 3．我认为你没有意识到这对她是多么重要。(否定转移) I don't think you realize how important this is to her. 4．他傲慢的态度使得我们所有的人非常生气。(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语) His arrogant attitude made all of us very angry． 5．过马路时要注意汽车。(“连词＋分词”结构) Look out for cars when crossing the street． [日积月累·联想发散] 学校设施名词大集合 in＋名词＝副词 以­or结尾的形容词 ①campus校园 ②dormitory宿舍 ③canteen食堂；餐厅 ④laboratory实验室 ⑤gymnasium体育馆 ①in panic惊慌地 ②in particular特别；尤其 ③in relief如释重负地 ④in silence默默地 ⑤in debt欠债 ①senior高级的 ②junior低级的 ③superior更高的；更好的 ④inferior较差的；较低的 ⑤prior先前的；较早的 [核心单词] track n．轨道；足迹，踪迹；小道 vt.&vi.(tracked, tracked, tracking)追踪 (1)keep track of记录…… keep to the track顺着道儿走 on the track of跟踪，追赶，尾随 lose track of不了解，与……失去联系 thousands of miles of track 数千英里的轨道 follow one's tracks循着某人的足迹 be on the right/wrong track思路正确/错误；在正确/错误的轨道上 track and field田径运动 (2)track down追踪到 (3)track through 穿过去 ①We followed his tracks through the snow. ②Instead, she focused on reaching the shadow cast on the track by an oak tree up ahead.(2024·浙江首考) ③Previous methods for tracking (track) the population of polar bears haven't been employed. ④Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends' birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.(2022·全国乙卷) ⑤That's not the answer but you are on the right track. ⑥他们穿过森林，走过一条泥泞小路。 They passed a muddy track through the forest. balanced adj.均衡的　balance n. 均衡；权衡[C]pl. balances 天平；余额 vt.(balanced, balanced, balancing) 权衡；平衡 (1)keep/lose one's balance 保持/失去平衡 keep a balance between... and... 保持……与……的平衡 a sense of balance 平衡感 (2)balance A against B 权衡/斟酌/比较A和B balance between... and... 平衡……与…… ①These developments illustrate China's journey towards a modern and efficient transportation network that balances (balance) convenience with environmental responsibility.(2024·全国甲卷) ②It would be a good idea if you could keep a balanced (balance) diet to keep physically healthy.(应用文之建议信) ③A good sense of balance (良好的平衡感) is always useful when you are sailing. ④权衡利弊之后，大卫擦掉眼泪，挣扎着站起来，向起跑线走去，嘴角露出轻松的微笑。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写) After balancing/he balanced the advantages against the disadvantages，David wiped away the tears，struggled to his feet and made his way to the starting line，a relaxed smile appearing at the corners of his mouth. replacement n．替换的人(物)[replace vt. (replaced, replaced, replacing) 代替；取代；把……放回原处] (1)replace... with/by...　用……替换…… replace... as... 取代……而成为…… (2)take the place of sb＝take sb's place 代替某人 in place of 代替 ①Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced (replace)by mud over ice.(2022·全国乙卷) ②Talking online is no replacement (replace) for face­to­face communication. ③喜欢其他文化并向其学习是一件好事，但它们永远无法取代你自己的文化。 a．It's good to enjoy other cultures and learn from them, but they can never replace your own culture． b．It's good to enjoy other cultures and learn from them, but they can never take the place of your own culture． desire n．[C，U]渴望；欲望；渴求 vt. (desired, desired, desiring) 希望得到；想要 (1)desire to do sth 渴望做某事 desire sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 desire that...(should) do sth 渴望……做某事 (2)have a strong desire to do sth/for sth 迫切要做某事/急于得到某物 have no desire to do sth 不想做某事 ①Bangkok is a highly desirable (desire) destination for food lovers.(2023·全国甲卷) ②He desired that measures (should) be taken (take) to stop pollution. ③Friends are united by a shared love for the arts and for the university, and by a desire to be(be) part of a cultural community.(2025·八省联考) ④When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired (desire) research direction.(2023·北京卷) ⑤阅读是我生活中重要的一部分，阅读满足了我不断学习的愿望。 Reading is a vital part of my life, which satisfies my desire to keep learning． crowd n．人群；一群人；民众 vt.(crowded, crowded, crowding)挤满；使……拥挤 vi. 涌进；蜂拥而至 (1)a crowd of/crowds of一大群；很多 the crowd 人群 (2)crowd in (on) sb (想法、问题等)涌上(某人)心头；涌入(某人)脑海 crowd into 涌入 be crowded with 挤满 ①When we finally arrived, we sat in a crowded (crowd) waiting room.(2024·辽宁沈阳质量检测) ②Thousands of people have crowded into the small town, making it crowded with cars. ③太多不安的想法正涌入他的脑海。 Too many uncomfortable thoughts were crowding in/on him． defence n．防守队员；后卫 (1)in defence of为了保卫 (2)defend... from/against 保护……免受……伤害 defend sb with... 用……保护某人 (3)in one's defence 为某人辩护 ①“Small does not mean weak, sir，”she defended herself (she)． ②White blood cells help defend the body against infection. ③The fallen heroes have laid down their lives in defence of our motherland; it is now up to our generation to keep her safe. ④看到这条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。(读后续写之动作描写) a．Seeing the fierce snake, he rushed to defend his son like an arrow.(defend) b．Seeing the fierce snake, he rushed in defence of his son like an arrow.(defence) ⑤狼紧紧地追在他后面，他下了自行车，拿起一根棍子保护自己。(读后续写之动作描写) With the wolf running closely after him, he got off his bike and took up a stick in defence of himself．(defence) remind v．(reminded, reminded, reminding) 提醒，使……想起 remind sb of (doing) sth 提醒某人(做)某事/使某人想起(做)某事 remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事 remind (sb) that/how/what... 提醒(某人)…… ①Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind (remind) me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) ②In our childhood, it acted as a reminder (remind) of the importance of table manners. ③它提醒我们：善良、慷慨的帮助和爱会影响他人并得到回报，而美德本身就是一种回报。(读后续写之主旨升华) It reminds us/serves as a reminder that kindness, generous help and love will influence others and be rewarded and virtue is a reward itself. amazingly adv.惊人地；了不起地　amaze vt.(amazed，amazement)使大为吃惊，使惊奇 (1)be amazed at/by... 对……感到惊讶 be amazed to do sth 对做某事感到惊奇 (2)in amazement 惊讶地 to one's amazement 让某人惊讶的是 ①But cats are special creatures who possess amazing (amaze) vocalization skills.(2024·全国甲卷) ②Amazed (amaze) at my classmates' fluent spoken English, I was determined to be as good as they were. ③What amazes (amaze) me is how long she managed to hide it from us. 句式升级 ④The poor boy also donated some coins to the project.It made us amazed. →The poor boy also donated some coins to the project, which made us amazed．(非限制性定语从句) →What amazed us was that the poor boy also donated some coins to the project.(主语从句) occupy vt. (occupied, occupied, occupying) 占用；占领；占据；占去(时间) (1)occupy oneself with sth/in doing sth忙于(做)某事；专心于(做)某事 (2)be occupied in doing sth 忙于做某事 be occupied with sth 忙于某事 keep sb/oneself occupied 使某人/自己忙碌 ①Teaching occupies almost all her life. Sometimes, she is so occupied in working that she has no time for relaxation. With education occupying her mind, she cares little not relevant to her occupation．(occupy) ②She is occupied in putting (put) up family photos on the wall, while I am keeping myself occupied (occupy) by preparing supper. ③She is fully occupied with her work, so she spares no time for a holiday. 句式升级(按要求升级句③) ④She is so fully occupied with her work that she spares no time for a holiday. (结果状语从句) ⑤Fully occupied with her work, she spares no time for a holiday. (分词作状语) relieve vt.(relieved, relieved, relieving)减轻，缓解；解除 (1)relieve sb of... 解除某人……方面的负担 (2)to one's relief 令某人感到欣慰的是 with relief 宽慰地 in relief 如释重负；松了口气 give sb relief from pain 使某人减轻痛苦 for the relief of... 为了救济…… breathe a sigh of relief 松了一口气 sigh with relief 宽慰地舒一口气 What a relief! 可轻松了！ It is a relief to do sth 做某事很放心/舒心 ①With a lot of difficult problems settled, he smiled with relief. ②To their relief (relieve),with the guidance of father, they successfully made the breakfast.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) ③She became involved in social and relief (relieve) work among the refugees. ④The medicine greatly relieved (relief) him of his headache. ⑤看到他们回来我很欣慰。 I was relieved to see them back. strengthen v．(strengthened, strengthened, strengthening)加强 vi.&vt.(使)强健 build up one's strength/body 强身健体 strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点 with all one's strength 用尽全力 have the strength to do sth 有勇气/力气做某事 The strength of... is that... ……的优点是…… ①You can practice yoga to strengthen the immune system and build up strength and make your body stronger than it used to be.(strong) ②To strengthen (strength)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media.(2022·全国乙卷) ③Moreover, I watched videos online to strengthen (strength) what I learned in class.(2023·全国乙卷) ④Assess its strength (strengthen) and weakness. Raise objections (异议) and listen carefully to their replies. This method will require effort, but practice will make you better at it.(2024·九省联考) ⑤尽管我没有力气再爬，但是我最终用尽全力爬上山顶。 Though I didn't have the strength to climb any further, I finally made it to the top of the mountain with all my strength． particular n．尤其；特别 adj.特定的 be particular about/over 对……讲究/挑剔 be particular to do sth 特地做某事 in particular尤其；特别 ①The benefits of print reading particularly (particular) shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying (identify) the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) ②Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend to catch our attention because of their large size and variety.(2024·全国甲卷) ③She's very particular about/over what she wears. ④他对厨房非常讲究——每件东西都必须摆放在相应位置。(读后续写之场景描写) He was very particular about/over the kitchen — everything had to be perfectly in its place. benefit n.[C] (pl.benefits)& [U]好处，益处；利益；优势 vt.&vi.(benefited/ benefitted,benefited/benefitted,benefiting/benefitting) 有益于；有助于；受益 (1)benefit from/by... 从……中受益；得益于…… benefit sb 对某人有益 (2)be of (great) benefit to...＝be (very) beneficial to... 对……(非常)有益；(非常)有益于…… for the benefit of... 为了……的利益 ①Ultimately，I was introduced to a brochure about trees we usually see in life，which benefited (benefit)me a lot.(2023·浙江1月卷，应用文) ②However, if you're shopping for one, buying extra to benefit (benefit) from price reductions doesn't make sense.(2024·浙江首考) ③Sharing your feelings with someone you trust is of great benefit to your mental health. 句式转换(按要求改写句③) ④Sharing your feelings with someone you trust is greatly beneficial to your mental health. (beneficial adj.) ⑤Sharing your feelings with someone you trust greatly benefits your mental health. (benefit vt.) ⑥Your mental health benefits greatly from/by sharing your feelings with someone you trust. (benefit vi.) capable adj. 有能力的 (1)be capable of (doing)．.. 　有(做)……的能力 (2)a capacity to do/of (doing)．.. 有(做)……的能力 have a capacity of 有……容积/容量 ①I am perfectly capable of looking (look) after myself. ②The fuel tank has a capacity (capable) of 40 litres. ③我能说一口流利的英语，与外国游客交流没有困难。 a．With a capacity to speak/of speaking fluent English, I have no difficulty communicating with foreign visitors.(with复合结构) b．Capable of speaking fluent English, I have no difficulty communicating with foreign visitors.(形容词作状语) prevent v．(prevented, prevented, preventing) 阻挡，防止 表“阻止/禁止某人做某事”的搭配： 阻止某人做某事 ban/forbid sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事 ①She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent (prevent) an extinction­level event for humanity.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) ②Measures must be taken to stop the environment being polluted (pollute)． ③I was forbidden from meeting (meet) my net friends. ④我们必须竭尽全力阻止历史遗迹消失。 We must do our best to prevent/keep/stop these historic sites from disappearing． [点津]　在主动语态中，stop/prevent... from...中from可以省略；用于被动语态中from均不可省略。keep sb from doing sth中的from无论何时都不可省略。 amount n．数量；数额 v．(amounted, amounted, amounting)总计；相当于 (1)a large/small amount of＋不可数名词＋单数谓语动词 large/small amounts of＋不可数名词＋复数谓语动词 in amount 在数量上 (2)amount to 等于；相当于；意味着；总计；共计 ①Drinking a moderate amount of tea can help people relax, but don't drink too much because it may make you overexcited. ②When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it's on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms (confirm) this finding.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) ③Small amounts of caffeine—a cup or two of coffee a day—seem (seem) safe for most people. ④去年在这栋楼上花了大量资金。 Large amounts of money were spent on this building last year. sight n. 视野(同view) catch sight of望见；看到 lose sight of看不见 come into sight进入视野；映入眼帘 at first sight乍一看 at the sight of看到 out of sight看不到 in/within sight 在视野内 用sight的相关短语填空 ①I watched the car until it was out of sight． ②At the sight of my coming, he didn't stop laughing, which made me feel confused.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，读后续写) ③The theory is not as simple as you might think at first sight． ④一看到我来了，他就笑个不停，这使我很困惑。(读后续写之动作描写) At the sight of my coming, he didn't stop laughing which made me feel confused.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) response n．回答；答复 (1)in response to作为对……的答复/反应 make/give a response to对……作出回应/反应 make/give no response没有回应 (2)respond to回答，回复；对……作出反应 respond with应对；回复 respond that回答…… ①A similar process is at work in our response to information.(2024·浙江首考) ②The government should work out a good plan and make a quick response to massive destruction of their natural habitat. ③Simple and relatively harmless household objects can draw extreme fear responses (respond) from a bird.(2024·九省联考) ④我写这封信是为了回应你的广告。 I am writing in response to your advertisement． 词形转换 用所给词的正确形式填空，注意特殊词形变化 1．Kaplan seemed to be in (good) shape than either of us. 解析　better　考查固定结构be in good shape “健康状况良好”，根据句意应用比较级。 2．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)After harvest, users simply replace the plants a new pre­seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started. 解析　with　replace sth with...“用……替换……”为固定搭配。 3. Deep­learning AI has the capacity to analyse massive (amount) of data through multiple layers, imitating the complex networks of the human brain. (译林选必二U4) 解析　amounts　设空处考查名词，根据句子意思应填复数形式。 4．You should hand in your (apply) form ahead of the deadline. 解析　application　your是形容词性物主代词，修饰名词，且application form意思是“申请表”。 5．(2024·全国甲卷)Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train's (equip) allows for basic checkups. 解析　equipment。考查名词。由train's可知其后应用名词。equipment，意为“设备”，是不可数名词。 动词的形式变化和固定用法 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(注意不规则动词的形式变化) 1．Make sure the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts. 解析　that　考查固定结构make sure that “确保”。 2．I took advantage the good weather to paint the shed. 解析　of　考查固定结构take advantage of “利用”。 3．It was your encouragement and support that cheered me and helped me get through the hard times.(应用文之感谢信) 解析　up　考查固定结构cheer up “振作起来”。 4．Over half the people who (sign) up to do engineering were women. 解析　signed　设空处是定语从句的谓语动词，根据后面的were可以判断应用一般过去时。 5．Employees need to keep up the latest technical developments. 解析　with　考查固定结构keep up with “跟上；赶上”。 6．(2024·浙江首考)I think a point that many people lose sight is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule 解析　of　考查固定结构 lose sight of“看不见”。 7．The truck (crash) into the fence and maybe the engine was out of control. 解析　crashed　设空在句子中作谓语，根据后面的was可知应用一般过去时。 熟词生义 写出黑体词的汉语意思 1．The net weight of this jar of coffee is 180 grams.净的 2．I asked Benny to keep my son company while I went shopping.陪伴 3．We were first greeted with the barking by a pack of dogs, seven to be exact.一群 4．Six months after suffering our defeat on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to improve.失败 5．Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid­1980s.跟踪 6．On arrival at the city, too many uncomfortable thoughts were crowding in on her.涌上(心头) 7．If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you'll have no trouble answering these questions.敏锐的 8．Her account is correct in every particular so you can learn from it.细节 [短语和句型] in good/bad shape 健康状况良好/不佳 (1)in the shape of... 呈……的形状 in shape 健康状况好 in good/bad shape 身体健康/不健康；状态好/不好 take shape 使成形；形成 out of shape 健康状况不好；变形 (2)shape sth 影响/决定某物 be shaped like... 形状像…… ①I prefer vegetables to meat, which helps me keep in good shape. ②These little pens are in the shape of baseball bats. ③The island was originally circular in shape. ④我五岁生日的时候，妈妈给我烤了一个猴子形状的蛋糕。 For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake in the shape of a monkey． rather than 而不是 (1)rather than用作并列连词，连接两个平行结构，前后连接的词性通常一致； rather than后接动词时，动词形式通常一致，其前是不定式时， rather than后加动词原形 (2)主语A＋rather than＋主语B，谓语动词的数与主语A在人称和数上保持一致 (3)or rather确切地说 ①They all made warm evaluations when their fingertips perceived warmth rather than coolness (cool)． (2022·天津卷，改编) ②Thus, it may be worth bringing up issues with your friends, family members，or classmates rather than holding (hold) them back. ③It is better to communicate with your parents rather than just avoid (avoid) seeing them. ④首先，如果您能根据我们的英语口语水平搭配我们，而不是随意搭配，我们会感到很荣幸。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，应用文) To begin with, we'd feel privileged if you could match us according to our oral English levels, rather than pair us randomly． gather around聚集 (1)gather together 聚集 gather information/speed 搜集信息/加快速度 gather sb up 把某人扶起来 gather one's strength/courage 鼓起力气/使尽全身勇气 gather sb in one's arms 把某人抱在怀中 (2)around the corner 在拐角处 get around 传开 ①The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in number, would gather around her before she even had a chance to take the bag of rice out from her handbag.(2025·八省联考) ②If you see a car coming around the corner too fast, you might experience stress. ③Word did eventually get around, but some people were a bit slow to hear the news. ④我们聚在我们摘的苹果堆周围，有说有笑。(读后续写之活动介绍) We gathered around the pile of apples we had picked, laughing and talking. let sb down 使失望；辜负(别人的信任或期望) let... in/out 让……进来/出去 let out 释放；放走；发出(叫喊声等)；泄露(消息、秘密等)；透露 let go (of) 放手；放开；释放 let alone 更不用说；更谈不上 let off steam 发泄怒火，宣泄情绪 ①I assured him I would not let him down and he should only put his mind to getting better.(2022·浙江卷，读后续写) ②The theater was full so they refused to let in any more people. ③If you start to get upset, let go of the negative thoughts (放下消沉的想法) and deal with the problem. ④如果我能被录用为志愿者，我不会让你失望的。(应用文之推荐信) If admitted as a volunteer, I won't let you down. (省略句) pay off 取得成功；奏效 pay sth off 付清，偿清 pay sb off 付清工资后解雇；遣散 pay up 全部付清 pay for 付某物的钱；为某事物付出代价 pay back 还钱，回报 ①We got to the hotel, and I paid for the taxi. ②Every club member must pay up his membership money before the end of the season. ③At last, my hard work paid off—we were awarded an A, which gave me great satisfaction.(2022·浙江1月卷，读后续写) ④这次经历使我意识到努力总会有回报。(读后续写之主旨升华) The experience impressed on me that hard work will pay off one day. in case 以防万一 in case of... 假如……；万一…… in... case(s) 在……情况下 in this/that case 假使这样/那样的话 in any case 不管怎样；无论如何 in no case 决不(置于句首时部分倒装) as is often the case 这是常有的事 ①The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need medical assistance. ②I have often seen cases where students have some trouble getting along well with others. ③You may think of giving up study. In this case (在这种情况下), just think it over before making the decision. 句式升级(用非限制性定语从句升级句③) ④You may think of giving up study, in which case just think it over before making the decision. ⑤我决不会忘记他眼中的失望。(读后续写之神态描写) In no case shall I forget the disappointment in his eyes.(倒装句) keep up 保持；继续下去 keep up 继续下去，保持 keep on 继续 keep away from 避开，不接近 keep back 忍住；阻止；抑制；隐瞒 keep off (使)不接近；避开；挡住 keep out 留在外面，不进入 keep out of 使不进入…… keep sb from (doing) sth 阻止某人(做)某事 ①She was so moved that she couldn't keep back her tears. ②I hope the fine weather will keep up． ③Some paint will keep the wood from damage by water. ④She stamped her feet on the pavement to keep out the cold. ⑤我设法坚持节食，不吃甜食。 I managed to stick to the diet and keep off sweet foods． cheer up (使)高兴起来；(使)振作起来 (1)cheer sb up 使某人振作起来 cheer sb on 为某人加油 cheer for sb 为某人欢呼/加油/喝彩 (2)burst into cheers 欢呼起来 (3)cheerful adj. 高兴的；令人愉快的 ①It is wonderful to see you so cheerful (cheer)． ②Let's go to the football game and cheer for our favourite team. ③The crowd cheered the runners on as they started on the last lap of the race. ④老师的鼓励使她振作起来，她脸上露出喜色。(读后续写之情感描写) The teacher's encouragement cheered her up, and her face lit up with joy. ⑤她愉快地笑着和我打招呼，让我高兴起来。(读后续写之神态描写) She greeted me with a cheerful smile, which made me cheer up. make sure 确保 (1)make sure (that)．.. 确保；务必 make sure of/about (doing) sth 确保……；弄清楚…… (2)be sure of/about/that...对……有信心/有把握(主语自身的信念) be sure to do sth一定会做某事；务必要做某事(说话者对主语的判断或要求) ①We'd better start early so that we can arrive early at the station to make sure of getting (get) tickets. ②Please make sure of the cause of the accident and then report to the director. ③You are sure to succeed (success) if you go on working hard. I believe in you! ④如果你不确定答案，就说不。 If you are not sure of/about the answer, say no. take advantage of sth 利用某物 take (full) advantage of (充分)利用 to one's advantage＝to the advantage of sb 对某人有利 be of advantage to 对……有利 gain/win/have an/the advantage over 胜过，优于 be at an advantage 有利的，占优势 ①Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.(人教必修三) ②Anyone not familiar with the Internet is at a serious disadvantage. ③It would be to your advantage to prepare questions in advance. ④在你放弃目前的工作之前，你应该权衡利弊。 You should balance the advantages and/against the disadvantages before you give up your present job. 动名词作主语 (教材原句)Paul knew that being shorter than other players meant that he had to practise more.保罗知道自己比其他球员矮意味着他必须多练习。 (1)动名词直接位于句首作主语。 (2)用it作形式主语时，把动名词(真正主语)放在后面。动名词作主语时，不太常用it作形式主语，多用于某些形容词及名词之后。常见的能用于这种结构的形容词有：good, better, useless, senseless, worthwhile等。 ①Reading aloud is (be) very important for us to learn a foreign language. ②It was a waste of time reading (read) that book. ③Wearing (wear)ropes and straps like mountaineers, Zheng and his team took steps (step)down the cliff to loosen the compacted (压实的) soil and plant trees or grass seeds every day. ④去那里旅行会使你对中国文化有一个很好的了解。 Having a trip there will give you a good understanding of Chinese culture. ⑤在这种条件下工作不是一件愉快的事而是一件痛苦的事。 Working in these conditions is not a pleasure but a suffer． 祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句 (教材原句)And don't drink too much while running, or it'll make you feel sick.跑步时不要喝太多水，否则会让你感到不舒服。 在“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”句型中，祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句，陈述句表结果，多用一般将来时态。 (1)“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”中的祈使句与后面的陈述句是顺承关系。 (2)“祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句”相当于“if＋否定条件状语从句＋主句”。 ①Keep to the point, or we will never reach any decisions. ②Take a deep breath, and you will relieve your nervousness. ③If you tell me your problem in detail, I will help you solve it. ④如果你努力学习，你迟早会成功的。(应用文之建议信) a．Work hard, and you will succeed sooner or later. (祈使句＋and＋陈述句) b．If you work hard, you will succeed sooner or later. (含if条件句的复合句) 固定搭配和句式 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 1．His coach reminded him to do some warm­ups case he should hurt himself during the race. 解析　in　根据句子意思他的教练提醒他做热身运动， 以防在比赛中受伤。in case “以防， 万一”。 2．Citizens complained that large amounts money were wasted on repairing roads. 解析　of　考查固定结构 large amounts of “大量；许多”。 3．Standing on the stage, she was so nervous that her palms were (sweat)． 解析　sweaty　be动词后接形容词作表语。 4．Thinking that the boy gave a answer, the teacher was ．(satisfy) 解析　satisfying; satisfied　第一空处考查v.­ing, v．­ed的形容词的用法。第二空处考查v.­ing常用来修饰事物， v．­ed常用来修饰人。 5．Teaching is my work and every day I am (occupy) in preparing for lessons. 解析　occupied　考查固定结构be occupied in doing sth “忙于做某事”。 6．Would you like to tell me how the accident happened detail? 解析　in　考查固定结构in detail “详细地”。 短语填空 try out for；gather around；not...anymore；let sb down；pay off；give up；in particular；due to；in case；make sure 1．(2023·全国乙卷)I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment. 2．(2021·浙江卷)But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets busy in particular． 3．Though the task was difficult，we didn't give up halfway. 4．Put your dictionary where it is convenient for you in case you need some reference. 5．“Take your time and make sure you understand the instructions before starting the task，” said the teacher patiently.(读后续写之情感描写) 6．Over fifty boys came to try out for the football team. 7．I'm sure I won't let my parents down because I have made full preparations for the exam. 8．Seeing the coach，we gathered around to start our training. 9．I promise I will not play computer games secretly anymore． 10．At last we defeated the other team in the football match.Our hard practice paid off． 微写作 根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇 I prefer to play outdoor sports. In all the sports, jogging 1.in particular (尤其) has many benefits. Firstly, you don't need a gym membership or any equipment. Besides, it is not a competitive sport, so you needn't worry about 2.crashing into (碰撞) others and even the old 3.are capable of doing (有能力做) it. Jogging can help 4.relieve your stress (缓解你的压力) and reduce your blood pressure as well. But don't expect to lose weight by jogging overnight. 5.Make sure that (确保) you take a proper amount of exercise regularly and have 6.a balanced diet (均衡的饮食), and you will 7.be in good shape (身体状况良好). Then your sweat 8.pays off (有回报)． 应用文写作运用——广播稿(运动与健康) 用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作再背诵。 假定本周是你校的体育周，请你用英语为你校广播站写一篇题为“运动改变了我”的稿件，介绍你运动观念的转变。内容包括： 1.你之前的状态； 2.你运动的经历； 3.你的改变。 第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球 1．这周是我们学校的体育周。今天，我很荣幸能在此与大家分享体育的好处、我个人的经历和感受。 This week is sports week in our school. Today, I'm honored to be here to share with you the benefits of sports as well as my personal experiences and feelings about it． 2．我曾经讨厌而不是喜欢锻炼，因为锻炼让我出汗和疲惫。 I once hated rather than loved exercising because it made me sweaty and tired． 3．在尝试之后，我发现运动很有益。运动不仅能强身健体，还能使我们保持积极。 (普通表达)After trying it, I found sports beneficial.Sports not only strengthen our body, but also keep us positive． (满分表达)After trying it, I found sports beneficial. Not only do sports strengthen our body, but sports also keep us positive. (倒装) 4．我经常去慢跑，慢跑能缓解我的压力。坚持慢跑对我的健康有很大的帮助。 I often go jogging, which relieves my stress. Sticking to jogging makes a great difference to my fitness.(非限制性定语从句) 5．生命在于运动，让我们一起健身吧。 As life lies in movement, let's work out together． 第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目(恰当运用过渡衔接词汇，如moreover, however等) One possible version： Sports Have Changed Me This week is sports week in our school. Today, I'm honored to be here to share with you the benefits of sports as well as my personal experiences and feelings about it. I once hated rather than loved exercising because it made me sweaty and tired. However, after trying it, I found sports beneficial. Not only do sports strengthen our body, but sports also keep us positive. I often go jogging, which relieves my stress. Moreover, sticking to jogging makes a great difference to my fitness. As life lies in movement, let's work out together. 续写能力提升 [教材续写语料] 情感描写 动作描写 desire n．& v．渴望 disappointment n．失望；扫兴；沮丧 satisfaction n．满足，满意 relieve vt.减轻，缓解→relief n．减轻，缓解 awkward adj.令人尴尬的 amazingly adv.惊人地，了不起地→amazed adj. 大为惊奇的，惊讶的 cheer up (使)高兴起来，(使)振作起来 be fed up with厌烦的，不满的；无法再忍受的 let sb down使失望，辜负(别人的信任或期望) bite vi.& vt.咬 gather vi.& vt.聚集，聚合 pack vi.& vt.把……包起来；将……打包 clap vi.& vt.鼓掌，拍手 bounce vi.& vt.(使)弹起，(使)反弹 defend vi.& vt.保护，保卫 flow vi.流，流动 prevent vt.预防；阻止，阻挡 crowd n．人群vt.聚集；涌进 make sure确保；确信 keep up with跟上，保持同步 [续写语料运用] 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。 　　(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写)大卫咬了咬嘴唇，失望的泪水顺着他的脸流淌。他哭诉道：“我厌烦被其他人嘲笑。”我深情地把他抱在胸前，确信他是一个有恒心的男孩。我向他投去鼓励的微笑，为了缓解他的压力，我继续轻声说道：“如果你渴望挑战你自己，谁也不能阻止你奔跑。”令我欣慰的是，他同意地点点头。发令枪一响，其他孩子像箭一样冲上前，大卫尽力跟上他们。尽管有人怀疑他是否能到达终点线，但令人惊讶的是，没过多久，深受感动的观众就鼓掌鼓励他。他又惊讶又自豪，他终于征服了在场的每一个人，他的脸挂着像往常一样的咧嘴笑。他没有让我失望，一股欣慰的暖流涌入我的内心。 　　David 1.bit his lips, tears of 2.disappointment flowing down his face．He sobbed, “I 3.am fed up with being laughed at by others.” Affectionately, I 4.gathered him to my chest and made sure that he was a boy with perseverance. Casting an encouraging smile, I continued in a soft voice to 5.relieve his pressure, “If 6.you desire to challenge yourself, nobody can 7.prevent you from running.” 8.To my relief, he nodded in agreement. The instant the starter's gun shot, other children rushed forward like arrows and David tried his best to 9.keep up with them．While some people doubted whether he could reach the finishing line，10.amazingly, it wasn't long before the deeply­moved audience 11.clapped their hands to cheer him up. 12.Amazed and proud, he finally conquered everyone present and his face was broad with his usual big toothy smile. He didn't 13.let me down and 14.a flood of satisfaction crowded in on me. A级　阅读提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·甘肃白银阶段练习)At a summer camp, while you may have a long list of things to do during the day, you also need some evening activities. Night Hikes Night hikes are a fun evening activity for summer campers, especially older ones. Take a guided night hike, allowing yourself to experience nature in a different setting. Make sure that you wear appropriate clothes and always follow appointed paths. Plan the hike to ensure that you can return safely before it gets too late in the evening. Movie Nights Set up a screen and projector outdoors, and have a movie night under the stars.Prepare blankets, popcorn, and a comfortable spot for yourself to spread out and get comfortable. You should also consider other forms of seating, including chairs and picnic tables. It's also a good idea to check the forecast. If there is rain, have alternative indoor summer camp activities. Campfire Stories Gather around a campfire for storytelling. The goal is to entertain and help campers bond. Select stories that suit the age and interests of your audience. You can also share experiences and horror stories. However, speaking aloud around the campfire is sometimes a struggle. Prepare some familiar stories in advance. Campfire Rhythms Instead of stories, you may prefer campfire rhythms. Bring out the guitars, drums, and other instruments for a beautiful evening. You can perform traditional camp songs or learn something new for the evening. The easiest option is to select a variety of songs that cater to all ages and musical tastes. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在夏令营期间，除了白天的活动外，还可以安排哪些晚上的活动，并详细说明了每种活动的准备方法、注意事项以及可能带来的乐趣。 1．What should campers consider before taking night hikes? A．Dress and security. B．Bonding and entertainment. C．Audience's age and interests. D．Story selection and preparation. 解析　A　推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Take a guided night hike, allowing yourself to experience nature in a different setting. Make sure that you wear appropriate clothes and always follow appointed paths. Plan the hike to ensure that you can return safely before it gets too late in the evening.(参加一次有导游的夜间徒步旅行，让自己在不同的环境中体验大自然。一定要穿合适的衣服，走指定的路。计划好徒步旅行，确保你能在天黑前安全返回。)”可知，作者建议营员在参加夜间徒步之前应该考虑的是穿着和安全。故选A。 2．What can be learned about movie nights? A．They require attention to the weather. B．They are more popular than campfire stories. C．They take place in an indoor screening room. D．They offer various forms of free food services. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据文章第三段“It's also a good idea to check the forecast. If there is rain, have alternative indoor summer camp activities.(看一下天气预报也是个好主意。如果下雨，有其他的室内夏令营活动。)”可知，电影之夜需要注意天气情况。故选A。 3．Which of the following suits campers enjoying music most? A．Night hikes. B．Movie nights. C．Campfire stories. D．Campfire rhythms. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Instead of stories, you may prefer campfire rhythms. Bring out the guitars, drums, and other instruments for a beautiful evening. You can perform traditional camp songs or learn something new for the evening.(比起故事，你可能更喜欢篝火节奏。拿出吉他、鼓，和其他乐器，为一个美丽的夜晚。你可以表演传统的营地歌曲，或者在晚上学习一些新的东西。)”可知，“Campfire Rhythms”是与音乐相关的活动，适合喜欢音乐的营员。故选D。 B (2024·河北石家庄教学质检)When it comes to lowering blood pressure, studies have typically shown that aerobic(有氧的) exercises are best. Recent research suggests another type of physical activity is worth including as an effective tool to prevent and treat high blood pressure. Exercises that engage muscles without movement, such as wall squats and planks, may be best for lowering blood pressure, according to a large study published in July 2023 in the British Journal of Sports Medicine. This type of training is known as isometric exercises, according to the Mayo Clinic. Isometric muscle action happens when muscles contract but do not visibly change length, and the joints involved don't move, facilitating stability of the body. Isometric exercises can be done with weights or without, just relying on the body's own weight. “These findings provide a comprehensive data­driven framework to support the development of new exercise guideline recommendations for the prevention and treatment of high blood pressure，” said study coauthor Dr. Jamie O'Driscoll in a news release. The researchers looked into randomized controlled trials that had reported the effects of exercise interventions, lasting two or more weeks, on blood pressure between 1990 and February 2023. From a review of 270 trials with 15，827 participants, the researchers found that among HIIT (high intensity interval training), isometric exercises, aerobic exercises, dynamic resistance training and a combination of the latter two, isometric exercises led to the greatest reductions in blood pressure. It's also important to note that there are other lifestyle changes as well as exercise that can benefit your blood pressure. These include keeping to a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, cutting down on salt, not drinking too much alcohol and ensuring that you continue to take any prescribed medication. More research is needed to determine exactly why isometric exercises might be better for lowering blood pressure than other types of training, the authors said. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍一种能有效控制血压的锻炼活动——静力锻炼，即在不运动的情况下锻炼肌肉，促进身体稳定性。做该锻炼时可使用重物，也可不使用重物只依靠身体自身的重量。 4．What does the underlined part “isometric exercises” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Exercises that are done with extra weights. B．Exercises that involve visible muscle contraction. C．Exercises that focus on stability of the body. D．Exercises that engage muscles without movement. 解析　D　词义猜测题。根据画线部分后的“muscles contract but do not visibly change length, and the joints involved don't move, facilitating stability of the body”可知，静力锻炼指的是肌肉收缩但长度没有明显变化，并且所涉及的关节不移动，从而促进身体的稳定性，也就是说静力锻炼指的是身体不动但锻炼肌肉的锻炼。故选D。 5．How did the researchers carry out the study? A．By providing statistics. B．By interviewing experts. C．By doing experiments. D．By making comparisons. 解析　D　推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，研究人员调查了随机对照试验，这些试验报告了1990年至2023年2月期间持续两周或更长时间的运动干预对血压的影响。通过对15 827名参与者的270项试验的回顾，研究人员发现，在HIIT(高强度间歇训练)、静力锻炼、有氧运动、动态阻力训练和后两者的结合中，静力锻炼使血压降低幅度最大。也就是说研究人员是通过比较的方法进行这项研究的，故选D。 6．What do the authors suggest the future studies about isometric exercises focus on? A．Exploring the reasons for its effectiveness. B．Demonstrating its influence on mental health. C．Assessing its suitability for different populations. D．Determining its long­term impact on blood pressure. 解析　A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“More research is needed to... other types of training”可知，作者们认为未来需要更多的研究来确定为什么静力锻炼可能比其他类型的训练更能降低血压，即他们建议未来有关静力锻炼的研究应专注于探索它的有效性的原因，故选A。 7．What is the text mainly about? A．The benefits of aerobic exercises. B．The best exercise for blood pressure. C．The effects of various types of exercises. D．The importance of keeping a healthy lifestyle. 解析　B　主旨大意题。文章第一段告诉我们在降低血压方面，研究通常表明有氧运动是最好的。然后文章主要介绍了降低高血压的有效活动——静力锻炼的相关情况。研究表明，静力锻炼也许是降低血压的最好方式，故本文主要讲述控制血压的最佳活动，故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2025·湖南长沙阶段练习)Even professional athletes struggle to stay motivated. Waking up at 6 a．m. and hitting the gym daily isn't easy, regardless of how much you love what you do. 1 ， but it is how you respond to them that truly matters. To kick your procrastination (拖延) and stay focused, here are some things to keep in mind： Reassess your goals Do you feel inspired by your life plan, or is it time for a new one? Can you still accomplish these things in your current time frame? 2 ， if your goals aren't realistic or don't inspire you. This will help ensure that your goals are attainable and will help grow your motivation. Practice self­care Your motivation won't be as strong if you don't care for yourself. Things like struggling to sleep well impact your motivation level. But with a healthy and manageable self­care plan，you will take care of your mind and keep yourself motivated. You can practice tips like reading, exercising, or a hobby like painting. 3 ． Take motivation from others Talk to your friend or teacher to find inspiration. Be open­minded and learn how others find motivation. The methods they use might spark (引发) some motivation for you. 4 ， and listening to others might expand your perspective on how to gain it. 5 Sometimes, you don't want to do things because of your mood. You're in low spirits, and your motivation to accomplish things is poor. But what happens if you combine your task with an enjoyable activity? If you have to clean the house, try putting on your favorite playlist. As long as your fun doesn't distract you from your task, there's no rule saying you can't add some fun to spice things up. A．Reward yourself for your effort B．Life will always present obstacles C．Take a moment to pause and reflect D．Motivation comes from various sources E．Pair unwanted tasks with things you like F．It is whatever makes you feel refreshed and energetic G．It fuels the discipline necessary to accomplish your tasks [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了为了摆脱拖延症，保持专注而提出的一些建议。 1．解析　B　根据上文“Even professional athletes struggle to stay motivated. Waking up at 6 a．m. and hitting the gym daily isn't easy, regardless of how much you love what you do. (即使是职业运动员也很难保持积极性。无论你多么热爱自己的工作，每天早上6点起床去健身房都不容易。)”以及根据下文“but it is how you respond to them that truly matters (但真正重要的是你如何回应他们)”可知选项应总结上文且与下文为转折关系，B选项“生活中总会遇到障碍”切题。故选B。 2．解析　C　根据小标题“Reassess your goals (重新评估你的目标)”以及下文“if your goals aren't realistic or don't inspire you (如果你的目标不现实或者不能激励你)”可知，选项与下文为条件关系且应呼应小标题。故C选项“花点时间停下来反思一下”切题。故选C。 3．解析　F　根据上文“You can practice tips like reading, exercising, or a hobby like painting. (你可以练习一些技巧，比如阅读、锻炼，或者培养一个爱好，比如绘画。)”可知，选项应承接上文作出总结，故F选项“它是使你感到精力充沛和充满活力的任何事物”切题。故选F。 4．解析　D　根据上文“Talk to your friend or teacher to find inspiration. Be open­minded and learn how others find motivation. The methods they use might spark (引发) some motivation for you. (和你的朋友或老师谈谈，寻找灵感。保持开放的心态，学习别人是如何找到动力的。他们使用的方法可能会激发你的动力。)”以及根据下文“listening to others might expand your perspective on how to gain it (倾听别人的意见可能会扩大你对如何获得成功的看法)”可知，选项是对前文的总结，且与空后为并列关系，D选项“动力来自多种来源”切题。故选D。 5．解析　E　根据下文“Sometimes, you don't want to do things because of your mood. You're in low spirits, and your motivation to accomplish things is poor. But what happens if you combine your task with an enjoyable activity? (有时候，你不想做的事情是因为你的心情。你情绪低落，完成任务的动力也很差。但是，如果你把你的任务和一个令人愉快的活动结合起来，会发生什么呢？)”可知，本段主要在说将不喜欢的任务与喜欢的事物结合起来。故E选项“将不喜欢的任务与喜欢的事物结合起来”切题，适合为本段的小标题。故选E。 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2025·江西宜春阶段练习)Every afternoon for the past 11 years, AI Merritt, 83 years old, has been a reliable and cheery presence in his southeast Carlsbad neighbourhood, California. His doctor suggested he get more 1 after he had some heart trouble about 12 years ago. AI started to 2 around the local road and hills. At first, his rides were about five miles long, then 10 to 12 miles, and 3 the length of his outings grew. Since 2010, Merritt has been on a personal 4 to cycle the circumference (周长) of the earth—24，901 miles without even leaving his own neighbourhood. 5 ， over the years, he got to know many of his neighbours and send them 6 of love and kindness. “Every day I see him 7 on his bike. He is totally cheerful and takes time with everybody，” Keene said. “He gives us 8 and shows us how you can be in your 80s and still have a good time.” It was not until October 24 that the old man finally realized his 9 bicycle trips were as important to them as they were to him. At 3 p．m. that Sunday afternoon, nearly 200 people 10 near his home to surprise and congratulate him on the completion of his “round­the­world” adventure. As he rode down the hill towards his house, an 11 erupted from the crowd, who were 12 international flags and earth­shaped balloons. The outpouring of love 13 Merritt. Although Merritt has now 14 his cycling goal, he has no plans to change the 15 that has become the highlight of his life. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了83岁的AI Merritt在加州卡尔斯巴德社区坚持骑行11年的故事。 1．A.space B．workout C．care D．rest 解析　B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约12年前，他患有心脏病，医生建议他多锻炼。A.space空间；B.workout锻炼；C.care关心；D.rest休息。根据下文“At first, his rides were about five miles long”可知，Merritt开始骑行，因此医生是建议他多锻炼。故选B。 2．A.walk B．wander C．travel D．pedal 解析　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：AI开始在当地的道路和山丘上骑行。A.walk步行；B.wander徘徊；C.travel旅行；D.pedal骑自行车前进。根据下文“At first, his rides were about five miles long”可知，Merritt开始在当地骑行。故选D。 3．A.roughly B．gradually C．thoroughly D．totally 解析　B　考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，他的骑行距离大约是5英里，然后是10到12英里，渐渐地，他的骑行距离越来越长。A.roughly粗略地；B.gradually逐渐地；C.thoroughly彻底地；D.totally完全地。根据上文“At first, his rides were about five miles long, then 10 to 12 miles”和下文“the length of his outings grew”可知，此处是介绍Merritt骑行距离的增长，是从5英里发展到10到12英里，因此是渐渐地距离越来越长。故选B。 4．A.pursuit B．version C．competence D．phenomenon 解析　A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：自2010年以来，Merritt一直在追求在不离开自己的社区的情况下绕地球一周——24，901英里。A.pursuit追求；B.version版本；C.competence能力；D.phenomenon现象。根据下文“his cycling goal”可知，Merritt为自己设立了骑行的目标，因此是在追求骑行距离达到绕地球一周的24 901英里。故选A。 5．A.By coincidence B．In particular C．As a consequence D．On the contrary 解析　C　考查介词短语辨析。句意：因此，多年来，他认识了许多邻居，并向他们传递了爱和善良的信息。A.By coincidence巧合地；B.In particular尤其；C.As a consequence因此；D.On the contrary相反地。根据上文“to cycle the circumference (周长) of the earth—24，901 miles without even leaving his own neighbourhood”可知，Merritt想在不离开自己的社区的情况下绕地球一周24 901英里，下文叙述他认识了许多邻居是这件事带来的结果，应用As a consequence“因此”衔接。故选C。 6．A.message B．composition C．shape D．mixture 解析　A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，多年来，他认识了许多邻居，并向他们传递了爱和善良的信息。A.message信息；B.composition组成；C.shape形状；D.mixture混合物。根据上文“Every afternoon for the past 11 years, AI Merritt, 83 years old, has been a reliable and cheery presence in his southeast Carlsbad neighbourhood, California.”可知，过去11年以来，Merritt都是社区中可靠而愉快的存在，因此是向邻居们传递了爱和善良的信息。故选A。 7．A.turning out B．dropping by C．flying by D．taking in 解析　C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天我都看到他骑着自行车飞驰而过。A.turning out结果是；B.dropping by顺便访问；C.flying by飞驰；D.taking in吸收。根据下文“on his bike”可推知，社区里的Keene是看到Merritt骑着自行车飞驰而过。故选C。 8．A.celebration B．exception C．excuse D．inspiration 解析　D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给了我们灵感，告诉我们如何在80多岁的时候还能玩得开心。A.celebration庆祝；B.exception例外；C.excuse借口；D.inspiration灵感。根据下文“shows us how you can be in your 80s and still have a good time”可知，Merritt让大家知道如何在80多岁的时候还能玩得开心，因此是给了大家灵感。故选D。 9．A.annual B．daily C．monthly D．weekly 解析　B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到10月24日，老人才终于意识到，他每天骑自行车旅行对他们和他一样重要。A.annual每年的；B.daily每日的；C.monthly每月的；D.weekly每周的。根据上文“Every afternoon for the past 11 years, AI Merritt, 83 years old, has been a reliable and cheery presence in his southeast Carlsbad neighbourhood, California.”可知，Merritt每天下午都骑车，因此指每天的自行车之行。故选B。 10．A.gathered B．exposed C．included D．restored 解析　A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个星期天下午3点，将近200人聚集在他家附近，给他一个惊喜，祝贺他完成了他的“环球”冒险。A.gathered聚集；B.exposed暴露；C.included包含；D.restored恢复。根据下文“near his home to surprise and congratulate him on the completion of his ‘round­the­world’ adventure”可推知，这200人是聚集在Merritt家附近，打算给他惊喜，祝贺他完成了冒险。故选A。 11．A.apology B．emotion C．explosion D．applause 解析　D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他骑车下山回家时，人群中爆发出掌声，他们挥舞着国际旗帜和地球形状的气球。A.apology道歉；B.emotion情感；C.explosion爆炸；D.applause掌声。根据上文“to surprise and congratulate him on the completion of his ‘round­the­world’ adventure”可知，这200人是打算给他惊喜，祝贺他完成了冒险，因此会爆发出掌声。故选D。 12．A.handing B．releasing C．waving D．chasing 解析　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他骑车下山回家时，人群中爆发出掌声，他们挥舞着国际旗帜和地球形状的气球。A.handing递交；B.releasing释放；C.waving挥舞；D.chasing追逐。根据上文“to surprise and congratulate him on the completion of his ‘round­the­world’ adventure”可知，这200人是打算给他惊喜，祝贺他完成了冒险，因此会挥舞旗帜和气球。故选C。 13．A.discouraged B．astonished C．confused D．panicked 解析　B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱的流露让Merritt大吃一惊。A.discouraged使气馁；B.astonished使惊讶；C.confused使困惑；D.panicked使恐慌。根据上文“to surprise and congratulate him on the completion of his ‘round­the­world’ adventure”可知，这200人是悄悄地给他惊喜，对他表示祝贺，因此这份爱的流露会让事先不知道的Merritt感到吃惊。故选B。 14．A.dragged B．called C．achieved D．returned 解析　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管Merritt现在已经实现了他的骑行目标，但他没有计划改变已经成为他生活亮点的这一日常惯例。A.dragged拖动；B.called呼叫；C.achieved实现；D.returned返回。根据上文“congratulate him on the completion of his ‘round­the­world’ adventure”可知，Merritt现在已经实现了他的骑行目标。故选C。 15．A.routine B．regulation C．advantage D．impression 解析　A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管Merritt现在已经实现了他的骑行目标，但他没有计划改变已经成为他生活亮点的这一日常惯例。A.routine惯例；B.regulation规则；C.advantage优势；D.impression印象。根据上文“Every afternoon for the past 11 years, AI Merritt, 83 years old, has been a reliable and cheery presence in his southeast Carlsbad neighbourhood, California.”可知，每天下午Merritt都会在社区中骑自行车，因此指已经成为他生活亮点的这一日常惯例。故选A。 B级　写作规范练 Ⅰ.语法填空 (2025·江西九江开学考试)Go is the oldest surviving board game, which has a history nearly as complex as the game 1. (it). The earliest surviving reference to the game of Go, then known as Yi, is from the historical book Zuo Zhuan, 2. (write) in the 4th century BCE. Yet it is thought that the game 3. (date) back far earlier than that. Whatever its origins, Go had gained widespread 4. (popular) by the time of Confucius and Mencius, who both wrote about the game. It came to be associated with the scholarly classes, which 5. (consider) one of the four cultivated arts, along with calligraphy, painting, and playing the gu qin at that time. The game, 6. objective is to encircle the opponent's stones and surround the larger area on the board, is played today on a 19×19 grid (网格), and the earliest grid of such specifications can date back 7. the Sui dynasty. Still. it wasn't until Go was introduced to Korea and Japan 8. its rules and shape became standardized. It is from Japan that the game spread to the rest of the world. Despite its long history in East Asia, Go didn't catch on in the west until German engineer Oscar Korschelt published a 9. (detail) article on it in 1880, after having spent eight years 10. (work) in Japan. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了围棋在中国以及传播到世界的发展历史，并且介绍了其游戏规则。 1．解析　itself　考查代词。句意：围棋是现存最古老的棋类游戏，其历史几乎和围棋本身一样复杂。根据结构判断此处应该用反身代词作the game的同位语，指游戏本身，所以用反身代词。故填itself。 2．解析　written　考查非谓语动词。句意：现存最早的关于围棋的记载出自公元前4世纪的历史著作《左传》，当时被称为“弈”。在句中有谓语动词is，判断设空处应该填非谓语动词，修饰名词book，作定语，两者之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词。故填written。 3．解析　dates　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，人们认为这项运动的历史要早得多。在that引导的主语从句中the game是主语，句子缺少谓语动词，date back作谓语时应该用一般现在时，再根据主谓一致的原则判断应填动词的第三人称单数形式。故填dates。 4．解析　popularity　考查名词。句意：不管它的起源是什么，在孔子和孟子的时代，围棋已经得到了广泛的普及，他们都写过关于围棋的文章。句子的谓语是had gained，再根据空前的形容词widespread判断应填名词作宾语。故填popularity。 5．解析　was considered　考查时态和语态。句意：它与学术阶层联系在一起，被认为是四大文化艺术之一，与当时的书法、绘画和古琴齐名。根据主句的谓语动词“came”以及后面的时间状语“at that time”判断此处填动词的一般过去时，再根据句意可知，应该填被动形式，因为主语是which，指代Go，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填was considered。 6．解析　whose　考查定语从句。句意：这种游戏的目的是包围对手的棋子并包围棋盘上更大的区域，今天在19×19网格上进行，这种规格的最早网格可以追溯到隋朝。在非限制性定语从句中有名词objective，且和被修饰的先行词game之间存在所属关系，所以用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 7．解析　to　考查介词。句意：这种游戏的目的是包围对手的棋子并包围棋盘上更大的区域，今天在19×19网格上进行，这种规格的最早网格可以追溯到隋朝。date back to固定短语，语义为“追溯到……”。故填to。 8．解析　that　考查强调句。句意：然而，直到围棋传入韩国和日本，它的规则和形状才变得标准化。根据结构可知，此句是强调句型it is/was ＋强调部分＋that＋其他部分，被强调的部分是“not until Go was introduced to Korea and Japan”。故填that。 9．解析　detailed　考查形容词。句意：尽管围棋在东亚有着悠久的历史，但直到1880年德国工程师Oscar Korschelt在日本工作了8年后发表了一篇关于围棋的详细文章，它才在西方流行起来。设空处位于名词前，判断应该用形容词形式作定语。故填detailed。 10．解析　working　考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管围棋在东亚有着悠久的历史，但直到1880年德国工程师Oscar Korschelt在日本工作了8年后发表了一篇关于围棋的详细文章，它才在西方流行起来。sb spend some time doing sth为固定用法，表示“某人花费时间做某事”。故填working。 Ⅱ.应用文写作 (2025·山东青岛阶段练习)假设为了迎接世界骑行日，上周日你校开展了主题为“骑向绿色未来”的城市绿道骑行活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1．活动目的；2.活动内容；3.活动反响。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：世界骑行日 World Cycling Day 城市绿道 the Urban Greenway Cycling to a Greener Future One possible version： Cycling to a Greener Future Last Sunday, our school organized a cycling activity along the Urban Greenway with the theme “Cycling to a Greener Future” to celebrate World Cycling Day. The aim of this activity was to promote a low­carbon lifestyle and raise students' awareness of environmental protection. A large number of students actively participated.They cycled in groups, enjoying the beautiful natural scenery along the way and breathing the fresh air. During the ride, they also stopped from time to time to pick up garbage and put up posters to call on people to protect the environment. This activity was widely praised by all the participants. It not only enhanced students' physical fitness and teamwork spirit but also made them more determined to contribute to building a greener future. Ⅲ.读后续写 (2025·湖南长沙阶段练习)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Lauri, 59, and his son, Johnny, 28, set out to begin the first of three legs of the Ironman competition in Cambridge. They weren't the typical contestants. Johnny has cerebral palsy. His difficulty walking is caused by muscle weakness. Lauri would act as his arms and legs, literally carrying the weight of his son throughout the race. To qualify as having finished, contestants must complete 140 miles of swimming, bicycling, and running under 17 hours. From the day Johnny was born, Lauri refused to let his son's disabilities hold him back. Determined to show Johnny that he could pursue his dream of being an athlete when he was 15, Lauri signed him up with Team Triumph, an organization helping kids with disabilities engage in endurance sports. “It gave me a new perspective on life，” Johnny says. Johnny started practicing in racing, and Lauri wanted to be a part of it. Lauri began waking up at 4 a．m. so he could run while pushing Johnny in a personally­designed wheelchair called a racing chair. And Johnny tried so hard to walk using his walker for finishing the last minutes of the Ironman competition, so he may step over the finishing line with his father.“I wanted to fulfill his dreams，” Lauri said. The race began with a 2.4­mile swim in the Choptank River. Lauri helped Johnny into a kayak. With one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end to the kayak, Lauri eased himself into the water. Swimming while dragging another person is tough enough. The pair completed the swim in 90 minutes, and it was on to the next leg: a 112­mile bicycle ride. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Their specially­made bike has an additional back seat facing backward for Johnny. Then they set their sights on the final leg of the race with Johnny sitting in the racing chair. One possible version： Their specially­made bike has an additional back seat facing backward for Johnny. Lauri mounted the bike, feeling the added weight but also the shared purpose. They pedaled through the countryside, the wind rushing past them, the sun beating down. Johnny, despite his limitations, shouted encouragement to his father, their bond growing stronger with every mile. Lauri's legs burned with fatigue, but his heart swelled with pride and determination. Then they set their sights on the final leg of the race with Johnny sitting in the racing chair. Lauri pushed the chair with all his might, the finish line in sight. Johnny's face lit up with determination and joy, his eyes fixed on the goal ahead. The crowd cheered loudly, their support fueling the father­son duo's final push. As they crossed the line together, Lauri and Johnny were not just finishers of the Ironman, but true heroes of perseverance and love. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$