必修第1册 Unit 1 Life Choices（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语一轮复习（北师大版）

主题语境：人与自我——人生选择 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．To begin with, many students who study abroad face great economic pressure (压力)．(人教选必二U2) 2．After I attended your summer camp about health and lifestyle (生活方式) choices, I realised I hardly ever felt well, either physically or mentally.(人教选必三U2) 3．Last year, I had the chance to study at a British secondary (中级的) school as an exchange student.(译林必修一U1) 4．By reading books of all kinds, from legends to historical stories, he familiarized himself with classical Chinese culture, and more importantly, he acquired the wisdom of previous (先前的) generations.(译林选必一U4) 5．The wedding ceremony took place in a brightly decorated hotel room.There were hundreds of guests, all dressed up in formal (正式的)，colourful clothes.(译林必修二U3) Ⅱ.语境运用 1．We agree to find an attractive place to relax ourselves. Xiamen is a good tourist attraction. Apart from good restaurants, large numbers of visitors are attracted by its mild climate every year.(attract) 2．From their appearance，we cannot tell the differences between the twins，but the ways they walk are different．And they also differ in their voices.(differ) 3．The main advantages of bag is convenient to carry，freeing both hands，and provides convenience for going out.(convenient) 4．The soldier got injured in the battle and suffered a serious injury in the left ankle.(injure) 5．Varieties of after­class activities will be held, varying from the English corner to the literature club. So we students can get various experiences.(vary) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．熬夜太晚对我们的健康是有害的。(动词­ing形式短语作主语) Staying up too late is bad for our health. 2．没有空气和水，植物是不可能活的。(“It is＋形容词＋to do sth”句型) It is impossible for plants to live without air and water. 3．看着照片，我不禁怀念我快乐的童年时光。(动词­ing形式短语作状语) Looking at the photos, I couldn't help missing my happy childhood. 4．让他父母如此兴奋的事是他在比赛中得了第一名。(what引导主语从句) What made his parents so excited was that he got the first in the match. 5．我的愿望是毕业后参军。(动词不定式短语作表语) My wish is to join the army after graduation. [日积月累·联想发散] “因此”家族 “扩展”动词知多少 加后缀ment构成的名词面面观 ①therefore adv. ②so conj. ③thus adv. ④consequently adv. ⑤as a result ①expand使变大；伸展 ②extend延伸；扩展 ③spread展开；传播 ④enlarge扩大；扩展 ⑤broaden使变宽 ①develop→development发展 ②equip→equipment装备 ③move→movement移动 ④establish→establishment建立 ⑤employ→employment雇用 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[核心单词] differ vi.(differed, differed, differing)不同；不一样；有区别 (1)differ from... 与……不同 differ in... 在……方面不同 differ with sb about/on sth 与某人在某事上有异议 agree to differ 同意各自保留不同意见 beg to differ 很抱歉，不敢苟同 (2)be different from... 与……不同 (3)make a/no difference(to...) (对……)有/无影响 ①I am sorry I differ with you about this question. ②The two brothers are like each other in appearance but differ widely in their tastes. ③Different (differ) from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.(2023·全国甲卷) ④直到那时，我才意识到，只要一个小小的行动，你就能改变一个人的生活。(读后续写之主旨升华) Only then did I realize with one small action you can make a difference to a person's life. ⑤该节日旨在促进文化交流，吸引了来自不同国家的人们。(2022·浙江1月卷) The festival, aiming to promote cultural exchanges, appealed to people from different countries． ⑥有时仅是一件小小的善举也能产生巨大的影响，它使得这个世界更加美丽和谐。(读后续写之主旨升华) Sometimes only a small act of kindness can make a great difference，making the world more beautiful and harmonious. senior adj.级别(或地位)高的；高级水平的 n．较……年长的人；级别(或地位)较高者 be senior to 比……年长/资历深/职位高 ①Although my elder sister is only senior to me by two years，she always behaves as if she could organise everything properly. ②Tickets at the gate are $10，$7 for seniors (age 55 and up)．老年人 ③The stories are then passed to the senior duty eaitor and the assistant editor.级别(或地位)高的 ④聊了一会儿之后，我知道他比我大三岁。 a．After chatting for a while，I knew that he was three years senior to me.(senior) c．After chatting for a while，I knew that he was three years older than me.(old) b．After chatting for a while，I knew that he was senior to/older than me by three years. [点津]　有些形容词本身就含有“比……更……”之意，不与than搭配，要与介词to连用，这样的形容词还有junior，prior，inferior，superior。 schedule n. 日程表；计划表 (1)ahead of/behind schedule提前/逾期 on schedule按时；准时 (2)be scheduled for...预定在……时间 be scheduled to do sth 预定/安排做某事 as scheduled如期；按照预定时间 ①We should work extra hours on the project to complete it on schedule or even ahead of schedule. ②Your interview is scheduled for this Friday from 7 p．m. to 9 p．m., with the theme “The advantages of using mind­maps”．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷，应用文) ③The class meeting, whose theme is about traditional Chinese culture, will be scheduled (schedule) to be held next Friday. ④按照计划，你将在本周五晚上7点接受我们的节目“Talk and Talk”的采访。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷，应用文) As scheduled, you'll give an interview on our program “Talk and Talk” at 7 p．m. this Friday. expectation n. 预料；期待；预期 (1)beyond one's expectations出乎某人的意料 in (the) expectation of 预料；期望；指望 in the expectation that... 预计/期望…… live/come up to one's expectations 不负某人所望；达到某人的期望 (2)expect (sb) to do sth 期待(某人)做某事 be expected to do sth 预计做某事；被期待做某事 ①He expects that his parents will give him lots of love instead of high expectations; otherwise he will be loaded with great pressure.(expect) ②The amazing scenery of the Summer Palace is beyond expectation. ③Instead of getting down to a new task as I had expected (expect), he examined the previous work again. ④The students seemed to expect(expect) another boring and dull English lesson, some dropping their eyes and some whispering in the back rows.(2023·湖北联考) ⑤决心不辜负父母的期望，我必须全力以赴。 Determined to live up to my parents' expectations, I have to go all out. ⑥我相信我的热情和投入一定不会辜负您的期望。(应用文之申请信) I am convinced that my enthusiasm and devotion will come/live up to your expectations． confident adj. 有信心的；自信的 (1)be confident of (doing) sth　对(做)某事有把握 be confident that 从句 相信…… (2)have/lose confidence in 对……有/失去信心 (a)lack of/lack confidence in 对……缺乏信心 gain/win/earn one's confidence 赢得某人的信任 put confidence in sb 信任某人 ①The football team is confident of winning (win) the World Cup. ②As a matter of fact, it is my teacher's words that filled me with confidence (confident)．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) ③Since June 2017, right before the arrival (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident (confidence) speaking English.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) ④看到他自信的笑容，我松了一口气。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写) Seeing his confident smiles, I sighed in relief. pressure n．压力 (1)the pressure of work 工作压力 under pressure在压力下；承受压力 reduce pressure减轻压力 lighten the pressure减轻压力 put sb under pressure置某人于压力之下 put pressure on sb给某人施加压力 air/water/blood pressure气压/水压/血压 (2)be pressed for time时间紧迫；时间不够 ①In order to relieve the pressure (press) resulting from our studies, I went to Xinxing Farm to pick some oranges together with my classmates last weekend. ②Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) ③As we all know, with the development of economy, people have to face various pressures (press)．(2024·山东潍坊一模) ④He changed his mind under the pressure from others. ⑤你最近学习低效可能是压力大导致的。(应用文之劝慰信) Too much pressure may account for your recent low efficiency in study. recover (recovered, recovered, recovering) vi. 恢复健康；康复 vt.重新获得，寻回；恢复(能力、知觉、情绪等) (1)recover from...从……中康复/恢复 recover oneself 镇定下来 recover sth 重新获得/找回某物 recover one's strength/confidence/balance恢复体力/自信/平衡 (2)make a full/good recovery from... 从……中完全恢复/康复得很好 ①The doctor says he is recovering faster than expected and that sunshine, fresh air and proper rest will do good to his recovery．(recover) ②Four paintings stolen from the museum have been recovered (recover) so far. ③It didn't take long before he recovered himself (镇定下来) enough to speak calmly. ④我们都非常想念你，祝你早日康复。(应用文之慰问信) We all miss you very much and wish you a quick and complete recovery． unfortunately adv. 不幸地；令人遗憾地 (1)try one's fortune碰运气 make a fortune发财，赚大钱 (2)be fortunate in (doing) sth (做)某事很幸运 be fortunate to do sth幸运地做某事 It is fortunate (for sb) that... (对某人来说)……是幸运的 ①He went to America to seek his fortune and imagined he would be very fortunate, but unfortunately, he couldn't even make ends meet.(fortune) ②He was unfortunate (fortunate) to lose in the final round. ③Fortunately (fortunate) for him, he was very soon offered another job. ④在中国，孩子们会收到红包，希望在新的一年里带来好运。(应用文之节日介绍) In China, children are given money in a red envelope to bring good fortune in the New Year. ⑤最后，我们九死一生，幸运地逃过了被那头饥饿的北极熊伤害。 (读后续写之故事结局) At last, we had a narrow escape, fortunately escaping being hurt by the hungry polar bear. challenging adj. 富有挑战性的 (1)a challenging task一个具有挑战性的任务 (2)face the challenge面对挑战 accept/take up a challenge 接受挑战 challenge sb to sth向某人挑战某事 ①The biggest challenge in our lives is to challenge ourselves to overcome the challenging problems.(challenge) ②Not surprisingly, adapting to this new lifestyle can be challenging (challenge)．(2022·天津卷) ③A friend has been sending me articles on how quantum computers might help solve some of the biggest challenges (challenge) we face as humans. (2022·北京卷) ④一种挑战的感觉完全压倒了我。问题是：我能胜任吗？ There was a sense of challenge that completely overtook me. The question remained: Was I up to it？(2022·浙江卷，读后续写) arise vi. (arose, arisen, arising)(问题或困难)出现，发生；起身；起床 (1)arise作“出现，发生”之意时，主语多为抽象名词，如problem, question, quarrel, argument等，无被动语态 (2)arise from/out of...由……产生/引起；从……中产生 写出各动词的过去式和过去分词 ①rise vi. (升起；起身；增长；上升) rose; risen ②raise vt. (举起；唤起；提高；饲养；筹集) raised; raised ③arouse vt. (唤醒；激起) aroused; aroused 用arise/rise/arouse/raise的适当形式完成语段 ④Raised in a poor family, he found everything in the outside world aroused his curiosity. However, as time went by, many problems arose. When the sun rose in the east, he arose/rose from his bed and began to deal with them. various adj. 各种各样的，各种不同的 (1)for various reasons 由于种种原因 (2)a (wide) variety of＝ (wide) varieties of种类繁多的 (3)vary from... to...从……到……不等 vary between... and... 在……到……之间变动 vary with... 随着……变化 ①The artist has painted the scene from various viewpoints, each painting varies with the seasons.(vary) ②A wide variety (vary) of flowers were shown in the park last week. ③Jacobs argues that urban communities are best placed to understand how their city functions, because city life is created and sustained through their various(vary) interactions.(2025·八省联考) ④它覆盖了各种各样的话题来吸引高中生，作为一个无声的朋友引领我们进入外面的世界。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，应用文) It covers a wide variety of topics to attract senior students, leading us into the outer world as a silent friend. [点津]　a variety of意为“多种多样的……”，“a variety of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数； the variety of意为“……的品种，种类”，“the variety of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 range n．山脉；排；(变化等的)幅度；一系列；(知识等的)范围；射程；种类 v. (ranged, ranged, ranging)排列；分布；(在一定范围内)变化，变动 (1)a (wide/full) range of...　一系列…… in/within range 在范围内 beyond/out of one's range 某人能力达不到的 at close range 近距离 (2)range from... to...　包括……到……之间 range between...and... 在……和……范围内变动 ①My classmates ranged from those kids with pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. (2022·浙江卷) ②It came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different grades of gratitude. (2021·全国乙卷) ③The topics ranging (range) widely, all the performers proved active in the discussion. ④One way to see birds at close range (近距离) is to attract them into your own garden. ⑤他有一系列的兴趣，从游泳到听音乐都有。 a．He has a wide range of interests, which range from swimming to listening to music. (非限制性定语从句) b．He has a wide range of interests, ranging from swimming to listening to music. (分词作定语) ⑥随着这个体育场的落成，各种体育赛事得以举行，包括从乒乓球、足球到赛跑等。(应用文之介绍信) With the stadium set up，a wide range of sports events are able to be held, ranging from ping pong, football to running competitions． convenient adj. 方便的，便利的 (1)It is convenient (for sb) to do sth (某人)方便做某事 A be convenient for B A离B很近 when it be convenient for/to sb 某人方便的时候 (2)for convenience 为了方便起见 at one's convenience 在某人方便时 at one's earliest convenience 尽早 ①The hotel is conveniently situated close to the beach. You can book your room at your convenience. In this resort, you can enjoy all the comfort and conveniences of modern tourism.(convenient) ②The talk will last about an hour, and you can decide on a date at your convenience (convenient)．(2022·北京卷) ③It's really convenient for us to do (do) some group projects. Why not ask our group members to go and experience it？(2022·浙江卷) ④如能尽早回复，我将不胜感激。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，应用文) I would appreciate it if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience. ⑤我想知道您是否方便参加这个节目。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷，应用文) I am wondering whether it is convenient for you to take part in the programme. [点津]　convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用物作主语或用it作形式主语。 addict n. 对……着迷的人 addicted adj. 入了迷的；上了瘾的 (1)a work/TV/sports addict 工作狂/电视迷/热爱运动的人 (2)be/become/get addicted to (doing) sth 沉溺于(做)某事 (3)addiction to (doing) sth (做)某事的瘾/恶习 ①She is a TV addict and watches as much as she can. She is so addicted to various TV series that she has no interest in her study. Her mother has urged her to fight her addiction．(addict) ②I found my son addicted (addict) to online games，which made me boil with anger.(读后续写之愤怒描写) ③Some students are addicted to playing (play) cellphones, so they can not concentrate on school and family life. 句式升级(用分词作状语升级句③) ④Addicted to playing cellphones, some students can not concentrate on school and family life. aim n. 目的；意图 v．(aimed, aimed, aiming) 瞄准；旨在 vi.力求达到 (1)achieve one's aim 达到某人的目的；实现某人的目标 with the aim of 以……为目标；意在/旨在 (2)旨在做某事 ①That's why this issue (期) of Writer's Digest aims to help (help) you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you're doing. (2024·全国甲卷) ②Marked on 22 April, Earth Day is an annual event aiming (aim) to raise public awareness about environmental protection. ③It shows that local governments should have a professional and qualified team, which can offer scientific project evaluation, to avoid aimless (aim) development. ④上周末，我参加了学生会举办的活动，该活动旨在让我们更多地了解我们周围的植物。(2023·浙江首考，报道) a．Last weekend, I took part in an event held by the Student Union, which is aimed at educating us more about plants surrounding us/whose aim is to educate us more about plants surrounding us. (which/whose引导的定语从句) b．Last weekend, I took part in an event held by the Student Union, aimed at educating us more about plants surrounding us. (非谓语动词) c．Last weekend, I took part in an event held by the Student Union, with the aim of educating us more about plants surrounding us. (介词短语) distance v. (distanced, distanced, distancing) 使与……保持距离，间距，撇清和……的关系 n．[C] & [U]距离，间距；远处；冷淡 in the distance　在远处 from a distance 从远处 at a distance (of...) 在……远的地方；距离稍远 within walking/driving distance 步行/开车可及 keep sb at a distance 与某人疏远；与某人保持距离 ①To Eva, “a mile” was used to describe long distances (distance)．(2024·浙江首考，读后续写) ②Experts suggest increasing your running distance (distant) by no more than 10% each week.(2024·九省联考) ③There are lots of restaurants within walking distance (步行即可到达)． ④使我失望的是，我的朋友变得对我冷淡了。 What makes me disappointed is that my friend has become distant towards me/has kept me at a distance． stress n. 压力；忧虑；紧张 v．(stressed, stressed, stressing) 强调；重读；(使)焦虑不安 (1)under stress 在压力之下 lay/place/put great stress on 强调…… cause stress 引起压力 reduce stress减轻压力 suffer from stress承受压力 deal with stress应付压力 (2)stress sth/that... 强调…… It is stressed that... 必须着重指出 ①She lays great stress on punctuality. ②Janet's been under a lot of stress since her mother's illness. ③Research shows it makes us happier，less stressed (stress) and even more optimistic.(2023·全国甲卷) ④It must be stressed (stress) that the disease is very rare. ⑤演讲前的那一阵子他感到十分紧张。 He was being stressed before he gave his lecture. ⑥这个谈话节目旨在帮助学生通过轻松的谈话来释放压力。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷，应用文) This talk show aims to help students release stress through relaxing talks. suffer vt.&vi. (suffered, suffered, suffering)遭受(痛苦)；忍受；经历 suffer pain/injury/hardship/damage 遭受痛苦/伤害/苦难/破坏 suffer defeat/loss/poverty/punishment 遭受失败/损失/贫困/惩罚 suffer from the fire/war/flood/a headache/a heart attack 遭受火灾/战争/洪水之苦/头疼/心脏病 ①He became interested (interest) in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered (suffer) from terrible back pain. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) ②The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered (suffer) the greatest water shortage. ③生活中总有一些起起伏伏，但是正是苦难让我们更加坚强。(读后续写之主旨升华) There are always some ups and downs in our lives，but it is the suffering that makes us stronger．(强调句型) [点津]　suffer 用作不及物动词，后常接from，表示“受……之苦；患某种疾病”。 reduce vt.(reduced, reduced, reducing)减少；降低；缩小 (1)reduce by... 减少了……(by表示幅度) reduce to... 减少到……(to表示结果) reduce sb/sth to使陷入(更坏的)境地；使沦落到……地步 reduce sb to doing sth使某人落魄到做某事 be reduced to (doing) sth沦落到(做)某事的地步 (2)increase to增长到 increase by增加了 ①The cost reduced by 30% after employing his new method. ②Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction (reduce) by limiting garbage cans and avoiding (avoid) single­use plastic. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) ③All the buildings in the town have been reduced to rubble. ④The attentions of the media reduced (reduce) her to tears. ⑤去年房价提高了百分之四十。 Last year the price of housing increased by 40%. seek vt.&vi.(sought, sought, seeking)寻找；追求；探求，探索；试图 seek sth from sb 向某人请求/寻求某物 seek to do sth (正式)试图做某事 seek out 找到；找出 seek one's fortune 寻找发财的机会 seek advice/help 寻求建议/帮助 ①Both men were happy to withdraw from contemporary life，seeking (seek) a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of their lives.(外研选必三 U5) ②Scientists have been seeking to understand (understand) the mystery. ③They must seek out a solution to the problem. ④如果你有任何问题，你可以随时向我求助。 If you have any question, don't hesitate to seek help from me. (应用文之建议信) power n. 电；电力；电量 (1)in power 当权 come to/into power掌权；上台 do all/everything in one's power to do sth某人竭尽全力做某事 beyond one's power超出某人的能力 have the power to do sth 有做某事的能力 be in/within one's power to do sth 某人有权力/有能力做某事 (2)be powered by... 由……提供动力；由……供电 ①However, if this is not possible, they will fight with their powerful (power) beaks to defend themselves.(2024·九省联考) ②It's beyond the power of the court to make such a decision. ③The government has been in power for two years. ④You have the power to build (build) a happy and healthy life full of good habits！(人教选必三 U2) ⑤虽然他已经掌权20年了，但他仍然是一位强有力的领导人。 Though he has been in power for two decades, he remains a powerful leader． ⑥我会尽我所能做好本职工作。 I will do everything in my power to perform well in my job. ⑦All the participants tried their best to reach the finish line.(应用文之申请信) →All the participants did everything in their power to reach the finish line. [点津]　高考阅读理解中经常出现由power及其派生词powered构成的合成词和语块，如2020高考试题中出现的：willpower n．意志力；battery­powered adj.电池供电的； self­powered adj.自供电的；mixed­power adj.混合动力的；power station发电站；power source电源；power plant发电厂；electric power电力。 inspire vt. (inspired, inspired, inspiring)鼓舞，鼓励，激励，激发 (1)inspire sb to do sth激励某人做某事 inspire... in sb 激发/激励某人的…… inspire confidence/hope in sb 激起某人的信心/燃起某人的希望 (2)draw inspiration from 从……中获取灵感 ①These small studies provide inspiration (inspire)and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) ②Two years later, a six­meter­tall pavilion, inspired (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built (build) at the Firs Garden, just 10 minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) ③The audience was carried away by his inspiring (inspire) speech. ④他那充满爱心的无私品质激励着我变得更富有同情心，更体贴人。(应用文之推荐信) His loving and selfless quality has inspired me to become more sympathetic and considerate． apply (applied, applied, applying) vi. 申请；请求；适用；应用 vt. 使专心致志 (1)apply... to... 把……应用于……；涂/敷/擦……到……上(to为介词) apply to (介词)．.. 适用于…… apply (to...) for...(向……)申请…… apply oneself to (doing) sth 专心(做)某事 (2)application n. 应用；适用性，实用性；申请；用法；用途 ①He has to apply for a permit and we have to find him a job. ②The applicant is applying himself to filling out the application form to explain that he can adapt to the new environment.(apply) ③After applying a little ointment to his hand, Jeff soon applied himself to cleaning (clean)up the kitchen.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，读后续写) ④如果您感兴趣，请发送申请邮件至MissZhao@sina.com给赵小姐。(应用文之邀请信) If you are interested，please send an application email to Miss Zhao at MissZhao@sina.com. eager adj. 热切的；渴望的 (1)be eager for sth 渴望某物 be eager to do sth渴望做某事 be eager that...(should) do sth渴望……(从句多用虚拟语气) (2)be anxious for sth渴望得到某物 be anxious about sth/for sb为……担心 be anxious to do sth急切地做某事 ①I am not so eager to get (get) a new car now, because the prices have gone up. ②Now, I am not so eager for your coming to town as I was. ③We listened eagerly (eager), for he brought news of our families. ④我直视着诗人的眼睛，急切地想知道真相。(读后续写之心理描写) I looked at the poet straight in the eyes and wanted to know the truth with eagerness． ⑤我知道你渴望学习做一道中国菜，我写信给你推荐一道。(应用文之推荐信) Knowing that you're eager to learn to cook a Chinese dish, I'm writing to recommend one to you. sort n. 种；种类；类型 vt.(sorted, sorted, sorting) 整理；把……分类 (1)all sorts of(＝all kinds of) 各种各样的…… sort of(＝kind of)稍微；有点儿(常位于动词或形容词之前作状语，表程度) a certain sort of 某种…… various sorts of 各种各样的…… (2)sort by 排序方式 sort... into... 把……分成…… sort oneself out恢复正常；解决个人问题 ①They sorted the oranges into large ones and small ones. ②Let's leave the two of them to sort themselves out． ③You can sort by type, name, or description. ④I sort of thought you might say that. ⑤All we need is a small piece of land where we can plant various sorts of fruit trees. ⑥新方法适用于解决各种各样不同的问题。 The new approach has been applied to solving all sorts of different problems. supply n. 供应；供给 v．(supplied, supplied, supplying)供应，供给；补充；满足 (1)a large supply of... 大量供应…… be in short supply 供应短缺 (2)supply sth to sb/sth ＝supply sb/sth with sth 向某人/某物提供某物 (3)provide sb with sth ＝provide sth for sb为某人提供某物 supply and demand 供求关系 ①What will happen when food and petrol supplies (supply) run low? ②Now we supply power to nine­tenths of the city's homes. ③He supplied me with the answer. ④Supply and demand (供求关系) can be affected by a number of variables as discussed earlier. ⑤战争期间许多药品供应短缺。 Many drugs were in short supply during the war. attract vt. (attracted, attracted, attracting) 吸引；引起注意 (1)attract one's attention/interest吸引某人的注意力/兴趣 attract sb to sth 吸引某人关注某事 attract sb to sp 吸引某人到某地 be attracted by 被……迷住；被……吸引 (2)a tourist attraction 旅游景点 (3)be attractive to... 对……有吸引力 ①This tourist attraction shows a deep cultural heritage and attracts tourists from all over the world.(attract) ②These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive (attract) or eye­catching features.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) ③If a pet cat is hungry, it will keep meowing to attract (attract) attention and find food.(2024·全国甲卷) ④在去郊外的路上，路边都是野花，吸引了Lucas的注意。 On the way to the countryside, the roadside was full of wild flowers, which attracted Lucas' attention． ⑤北京最吸引我的是那里有许多旅游景点。(应用文之游记) What attracts me most in Beijing is that there are many tourist attractions. contribution n．贡献 (1)contribute... to... 捐助……给……；向……投稿 contribute to 有助于；导致；促成；向……捐款/投稿 (2)make a contribution/contributions to... 为……做贡献 ①The writer personally contributed ￡5，000 to the earthquake fund last week and all his contributions were gratefully received.(contribute) ②China, on its part, will also embrace (拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions(contribute) to the international community.(2025·八省联考) ③Entries should consist of an original piece of writing, focusing (focus) on the theme of food waste and showing how we can contribute to its reduction.(2024·九省联考) ④在我看来，经常读英文报纸的确有助于提高我的英语水平。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，应用文) In my opinion，reading the English newspaper regularly does contribute to improving my English level． intend vt.(intended, intended, intending) 计划；打算；想要 (1)intend doing/to do sth打算做某事 intend sb to do sth 打算让某人做某事 had intended to do sth 本打算做某事 (2)be intended for... 专为……而设计；专供……使用的 be intended to be/do... 为……打算(或设计)的 (3)with an/the intention of...打算…… ①He intended to start a business after graduation, and his parents thought highly of his intention．(intend) ②Behind the simple style，however，is a serious message intended (intend)for everyone.(2023·全国甲卷) ③Fearful that he might have an intention to harm (harm) her, Helen started to run.(2022·北京卷) ④我们学校组织了一场五公里的越野跑比赛，目的是增强我们的身心健康。(应用文之报道) Our school organised a five­kilometer cross­country running race with the intention of improving our physical and mental health． adapt v．(adapted, adapted, adapting) (使)适合；改装；改编；改写 vi.(使)适应 (1)adapt (oneself) to...适应…… (2)adapt... from... 根据……改编…… adapt... for...把……改写/改编成…… ①The Chinese classical novel A Dream of Red Mansions has been adapted for several TV series but the adaptations lose some of its original beauty because the actors and actresses who have adapted to modern life can't really get accustomed to the traditional ways of life in ancient times.(adapt) ②By making the workforce more adaptable (adapt) and skilled, he hopes to attract foreign investment. ③我不仅要适应美国的生活方式，还要帮助他们更好地了解中国文化。(应用文之建议信) a．I will not only adapt/adjust myself to the American lifestyle but also help them understand the Chinese culture better. b．Not only will I adapt/adjust to the American lifestyle, but I will also help them understand the Chinese culture better.(倒装句) entertainment n. 娱乐；消遣 (1)to one's entertainment/to the entertainment of sb 使某人高兴的是 a form of entertainment 一种娱乐形式 (2)entertain sb to sth 用某物招待某人 entertain sb with sth 用某物使某人快乐 entertain oneself 自娱自乐 ①Much to our entertainment, our English teacher always entertains us with his entertaining stories and jokes.(entertain) ②It presents live entertainment (entertain), including (include)pop, rock, folk, jazz, musicals, dance, world music, films and classical music.(2022·全国甲卷) ③读书是一种娱乐的方式，它能使你的心情变得更快乐。 Reading is a form of entertainment, it can make your heart things more happy. ④他在饭馆里招待我们吃海鲜。 He entertained us to some fresh seafood at a restaurant. 词形转换 用所给词的正确形式填空，注意特殊词形变化 1．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Also, there is a (convenience) app that provides growing data in real time. 解析　convenient　作app的定语，应用形容词形式。 2．(2022·全国乙卷)Overall, the results are quite interesting, indicating that language learning can be integrated with personal hobbies and (entertain)． 解析　entertainment　分析句子结构可知，空处所填词与and前的hobbies并列，作介词with的宾语， 所以要用entertain的名词形式。 3. (previous)，water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river. (人教选必三U3) 解析　Previously空处在句中作状语，位于句首首字母大写，所以填Previously。 4．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner, (experience) or advanced walker to enjoy the (challenge) of Carlow's mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks. 解析　experienced; challenges　第一空处与advanced并列，作定语；根据句子意思，第二空处应用复数形式。 5. (2024·陕西宝鸡模拟) (suffer) is the most (power) teacher of life and every setback is a test for us. 解析　Suffering；powerful　第一空处作主语应用名词，根据句子意思应用名词suffering，句首首字母应大写。第二空处修饰名词要用形容词，故填powerful。 6．(2023·浙江1月卷，改编)Last weekend, I participated in a “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” activity (organise)by our Students' Union. 解析　organised　organise与逻辑主语activity是动宾关系，因此activity后用过去分词作定语。 7．She used the shadows to navigate the school hallways, find her classes, and even locate the school's (vary) facilities. 解析　various　facilities是名词复数， 应用形容词修饰。 8．The voluntary organisation is (aim) at helping people to reduce stress. 解析　aimed　考查固定结构。be aimed at “旨在……”。 动词的形式变化和固定用法 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(注意不规则动词的形式变化) 1．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt，most are eager (try) something new. 解析　to try　考查固定用法。be eager to do “急切/渴望做……”。 2．Lily applied to be an editor at the press after she graduated university. 解析　from　考查固定用法。graduate from “毕业于……”。 3．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷，应用文)Intended (enrich) students' school life, our program features the fun of English. 解析　to enrich　be intended to do sth “打算做某事”，故填to enrich。 4．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Campbell's point is to wake up those responsible AI—the technology companies and world leaders—so they are on the same page all the experts currently developing it. 解析　for; as　第一空处responsible for... “对……负责”在句中作those的后置定语；第二空处为固定搭配the same...as。 5．These guys got into many bad habits, (range) from smoking to taking drugs. 解析　ranging　考查非谓语动词。 range与many bad habits是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。 熟词生义 写出黑体词的汉语意思 1．Legal action is being taken to recover the money.重新获得 2．They scored five goals in the first half of the match.进球得分 3．He is a graduate of Beijing University.毕业生 4．His work experiences equipped him to deal with all kinds of people.与……打交道 5．Three children were removed from school for bad behaviors.开除 6．And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.使陷入窘境；使沦落 [短语和句型] all in all 总而言之， 总的来说 above all 最重要的是；首先 not at all一点儿都不；完全不 after all毕竟；最终，终究 first of all首先，第一 in all总共，总计 ①He has his faults, but, all in all he has the competence to solve the problem. ②In all, 80 examinations were conducted for the project between January and September，2019.(2021·天津3月卷) ③First of all, you must take good care of your little sister. ④总之，任何语言都不足以表达我的感激之情。(应用文之感谢信) All in all, no words are strong enough to convey how grateful I am. in other words 换句话说 in a/one word 总之，简言之 beyond words 难以言表 keep one's word 遵守诺言 break one's word 失信；不守诺言 eat one's words 收回前言；食言 word came that 有消息说…… have words with sb与某人争吵 word for word 逐字地 ①In other words, with hard work any difficulty can be overcome. ②If you break my camera, I'll have words (word) with you. ③In a word, we'll provide you with all good service. ④有消息说我校要举办演讲比赛，因此我写信请你帮忙。 (应用文之求助信) Word came that a speech contest would be held in our school, so I'm writing to ask you to do me a favour. tend to do sth易于做某事 (1)tend (to) 照顾；照料 tend towards...有……的趋势；倾向于…… tend on/upon照顾，照管 (2)a tendency to...倾向于 have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的倾向 ①I tend to travel (travel) with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way.(2023·全国乙卷) ②Linda has to tend on/upon her master to make a living. ③There is a tendency (tend) to shut museums or shops at a moment's notice. ④英国的季节和气候趋于极端。 The English seasons and climate tend towards extremes． due to 由于……；因为……(一般用作表语和状语) be due to do/for sth 预定/计划(做)某事 be due to sb 应支付/给予/归于某人 ①His new book is due to be published (publish) next month. ②The car is due for its annual service again. ③Due to the lack of scientific proof (由于缺乏科学证据) concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud­seeding companies.(2024·浙江首考) ④这个项目的成功在很大程度上在于所有成员的努力。 The project's success is due largely to the hard work of all the members． [点津]　(1)due当“预定的，预期的”讲时，构成短语be due to，其中to为不定式符号，后接动词原形。 (2)due to当“因为，由于”讲时，to为介词，与其意义相同的短语还有because of, owing to, on account of, as a result of和thanks to等。 give up 放弃；认输；戒掉；让出 give up sth to sb 把某物让给某人 give in (to...) (向……)屈服；(向……)让步 give back 归还；回报 give away 送掉；分发；泄漏；出卖 give off 发出(气味、光、热等) give out 分发；发出(光、热、信号等)；公布；耗尽；精疲力竭 give up on sb 对某人表示绝望；对某人不再抱希望 ①Seeing his face filled with anxiety, I knew David would give up participating in the cross­country team.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) ②Has he given back the tools he borrowed from you? ③Please give your examination papers in to the teacher when you finish. ④If plastic and rubber are burnt, they'll give off poisonous gases. ⑤决不向任何困难屈服；继续努力，总有一天你会成功的。(应用文之劝慰信) Never give in to any difficulties; keep trying and you will make it one day. ⑥简的精力已经耗尽了。她的脚像灌了铅一样沉重，她瘫坐在树旁，失控地哭起来。(读后续写之动作描写) Jane's energy had given out．Her feet felt as heavy as lead and she slumped beside a tree，weeping without control. deal with 处理，安排；对付，应付；论及，涉及；与……打交道；做买卖 (1)deal in 经营 make a deal 成交；达成交易 (2)do with sth 处理某事(常与what连用) deal with 表“处理；对付”时，常与how连用 (3)a great/good deal of 大量的……；很多的…… ①The themes of traditional (tradition) fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life.(2023·全国甲卷) ②They have learned how to deal with various persons. ③Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom.(2024·全国甲卷) ④Eva decided to use the same trick to deal (deal) with the school building.(2024·浙江首考) ⑤他吓呆了，一动不动地站着，不知道如何应付这个情况。(读后续写之情感描写) Frozen with fear, he stood rooted to the spot, unknowing how to deal with the situation． look forward to 期望；盼望(to是介词) (1)look forward to中的to为介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语 look forward向前看(其后接不定式表目的) (2)含介词to，后接动名词的动词短语还有： apply oneself to 专心致志于 lead to/contribute to导致/有助于 get down to...开始认真做…… be devoted to专心于 be used/accustomed to习惯于 object to/be opposed to反对 adjust/adapt to适应 ①In conclusion，we all look forward to attending (attend) your class, where we can take the chance to improve our oral English.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) ②The day he had been looking forward to came (come) at last. ③He looked forward to see (see) whether there was a familiar face in the crowd. ④We look forward to welcoming (welcome) you as we showcase the creativity (creative) of the Harvard arts community through performances (performance), art exhibitions and art­making activities.(2024·全国甲卷) ⑤我们盼望着有更多这样的精彩活动。(应用文之满分作文) We look forward to more wonderful activities like this. ⑥我们期待您的参与和创意提交。(2024·九省联考) We look forward to your participation and creative submissions． so that引导目的状语从句 (教材原句)I am always attentive in all classes and think actively, so that I can have more free time to do other things that I'm interested in after school.我在所有课上总是专心听讲并积极思考，这样放学后我就有更多可支配的时间做我感兴趣的其他事情。 ①George had so little money that he had to get a job. ②It was such a bad accident that several people got injured. ③They are such interesting books that we all want to read them. ④此次进攻来得如此突然，敌人没有时间逃跑。 So sudden was the attack that the enemy had no time to escape. ⑤我们应该早睡早起，这样我们才能精力充沛地上课。(2024·安徽芜湖质量检测) We are supposed to go to bed early and get up early so that we can attend classes full of energy． ⑥I read the newspaper every week to keep track of what is happening outside. →I read the newspaper every week so that I can keep track of what is happening outside．(目的状语从句) →I read the newspaper every week in order that I can keep track of what is happening outside．(目的状语从句) →I read the newspaper every week for/with the purpose of keeping track of what is happening outside．(动词­ing短语) not＋形容词/副词/代词构成部分否定句 (教材原句)However, not everything lived up to Zhang Tian's hopes. 但是，不是每件事都像张天希望的那样。 (1)all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, always, whole, entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用时，无论not位于何处，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。 (2)no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere等表示否定意义的词与肯定式谓语一起使用时构成全部否定。 ①Of course, not everyone who looks (look) up is paying attention in class. ②This flower is not seen (see) everywhere. ③Both the windows are (be) not open. ④事实上，不是所有的网络资源都对我们有益。(2021·全国乙卷，书面表达) a．Actually, not all the online resources are beneficial to us. b．Actually, all the online resources are not beneficial to us. 固定搭配和句式 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 1．(2024·全国甲卷)Born just before WWⅡ， my grandmother experienced an (entire) different childhood lifestyle from mine. She did not have a chance (go) to school. 解析　entirely　to go　第一空句中different是形容词，需用副词修饰；第二空为have a chance to do sth结构。 2．To organise the activity properly, we need to seek (profession) help. 解析　professional　seek后面接名词help 作宾语，名词前应用形容词修饰。 3．(2024·福建龙岩检测)What counts is that I can't wait to earn some pocket money to prove my (independent)． 解析　independence　形容词性物主代词my后要加名词。 4．(2023·全国甲卷)Both efforts were overturned due lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed. 解析　to　根据句意可知，空处后面的内容表示原因，due to“由于”为固定搭配。 5．(2023·全国乙卷)One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident expanding their cookery knowledge and skills. 解析　about　be confident about“对……自信”，故填about。 6．(2023·全国甲卷)Known as a Chinese writer and politician in the Song Dynasty, Fan Zhongyan was highly appreciated because he made great (contribute)to society. 解析　contributions　考查固定短语make contributions to “对……做出贡献”。 7．(2023·全国乙卷)Once we found the place，it was (stress)getting lights and cameras set up in the (limit) time. 解析　stressful；limited　第一空句中的was是系动词，作表语用形容词stressful；第二空后的time为名词，用形容词limited“有限的”作定语。 8．We doubt whether he has the competence to complete the (challenge) task. 解析　challenging　此处表示“具有挑战性的工作”，故用形容词challenging修饰名词task。 9．(2022·全国甲卷，书面表达)In addition, take an active part in the (volunteer)activities (launch)by the ocean organizations. 解析　voluntary；launched　第一空后的activities是名词，需用形容词修饰； 第二空前的activities后应用过去分词短语作定语。 10．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)“And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so we can interact with it，” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study. 解析　that　此处为so that引导目的状语从句。 短语填空 as well as; be attentive in; drag oneself away from; due to; from time to time; get ahead; give up; in other words; in person; live up to 1．Working hard helps you to get ahead in your studies. 2．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. 3．He was economical with the truth, in other words, he lied. 4．She gave up her job to join her father' company. 5．The painter signed his name at the bottom of his painting in person． 6．Study says that exercise is good for your body as well as your mind. 7．As students, we should always be attentive in our lessons in class. 8．Can you drag yourself away from the TV program for a minute? 9．The class lives up to its reputation of being exciting and interesting. 10．Tim talks with his online friends living in the US on the phone from time to time． 微写作 根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇 After 1.graduating from (毕业于) stressful senior high school, students 2.look forward to (期盼) entering the campus of colleges, where they will experience an entirely different lifestyle. Actually, many will have a tough time to 3.adapt to (适应) living independently. They will face many problems, such as what 4.necessities (必需品) to buy and how to 5.deal with (处理) conflicts. Many think they should enjoy the leisure time by 6.surfing the Internet (上网) and thus they are totally 7.addicted (沉溺于) to social media. However, others have definitely clear goals. They don't stay with their laptops all day long for entertainment. Instead, they study hard to update their knowledge and even serve as volunteers to 8.make contributions/a contribution to (对……做出贡献) society. 9.Due to (因为， 由于) their efforts, they become more 10.confident (自信的)． 应用文写作运用——短文(自我介绍) 用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文写作再背诵。 你校英文报正在举办以“认识自我，完善自我”为主题的英语征文活动，请你给校报投稿，内容包括：1.你的优点；2.你的不足；3.如何完善。 第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球 1．我们都有自己的优点和缺点。我也不例外。 We all have our strengths and weaknesses. I am no exception. 2．我是一个外向、独立的高中生。 I am an outgoing and independent senior high school student. 3．我精力充沛、自信，从不害怕失败，所以就我个人而言，我能克服生活抛给我的任何具有挑战性的事情。 I am dynamic, confident, and never frightened of failure, so personally I can overcome any challenging things life might throw at me. 4．我发现自己是如此的沉迷于网上冲浪，以至于导致尴尬的时刻或令人失望的表现。(so... that... ) I find that I am so addicted to surfing the Internet that I create awkward moments or disappointing performance. 5．为了改掉坏习惯，我会制定检查清单和任务清单。只有这样我才能更好地集中精力。 To remove the bad habit, I shall make check lists and to­do lists. Only in this way can I concentrate better. (倒装句) 6．我期待变得比以前更好。 I am looking forward to becoming better than I have ever been. 第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目(恰当运用过渡衔接词汇，如moreover, however等) One possible version： We all have our strengths and weaknesses. I am no exception. I am an outgoing and independent senior high school student. Moreover, I am dynamic, confident, and never frightened of failure, so personally I can overcome any challenging things life might throw at me. However, I find that I am so addicted to surfing the Internet that I create awkward moments or disappointing performance. To remove the bad habit, I shall make check lists and to­do lists. Only in this way can I concentrate better. I am looking forward to becoming better than I have ever been. 续写能力提升 [教材续写语料] 情感描写 动作描写 stressed adj.焦虑不安的 tension n．紧张；焦虑 eager adj.热切的；盼望的 laughter n．笑(声) pressure n．压力 confident adj.自信的→confidence n．自信，信心；信赖 dynamic adj.充满活力的；精力充沛的 recover vi.恢复健康，康复 drag v．拖，拉；缓慢移动；拖着(脚或腿)走 suffer from遭受(痛苦) remove vt.移走；去掉 seek v．寻求；请求 be responsible for负责 deal with对付，应付，处理 reduce vt.减少；降低；缩小 flash vi.& vt.闪现，闪过 arise vi.(问题或困难)出现，发生 chat vt.& vi.闲谈，聊天 [续写语料运用] 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。 　　一天，我得到消息，我的搭档患了重病。既紧张又担心，我像箭一样冲往医院。意识到我必须独自负责我们的项目，我的压力很大，以至于我心里七上八下。我没有信心应付这巨大的挑战。我几乎要哭了，可怕的想法在我的脑海中浮现。为了缓解我的焦虑，我的搭档向我投来信任的眼神，并说道：“作为一个充满活力的男孩，你有能力完成我们的项目。无论何时出现难题，你可以寻求我的帮助。”他的话消除了我的焦虑，使我渴望在我们的项目中发挥作用，我多么希望他早日康复。 　　One day, I got the word that my partner 1.suffered from a serious illness. 2.Stressed and worried, I dashed to the hospital like an arrow. Realizing that I must 3.be responsible for our project independently, I was 4.under so great pressure that I had butterflies in my stomach. 5.I had no confidence to deal with this tremendous challenge. I 6.was almost reduced to tears, with terrible thoughts 7.flashing in my mind. To 8.relieve my tension, my partner cast a trusting look at me and remarked, “9.Being a dynamic boy, you have the competence to finish our project. Whenever something difficult arises, you can seek my help.” His words removed my anxiety，making me 10.eager to play a part in our project. 11.How I expect him to recover soon. A级　阅读提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·湖北武汉模拟)Here are some dictionaries to share with you for English learning. Verbal Advantage It is the most comprehensive, accessible, and effective vocabulary­building program available today. What exactly is a “verbal advantage”？ In short, a “verbal advantage” is the ability to use words in a precise and powerful manner, to communicate clearly, correctly, and effectively in every situation. In this book, I intend to turn your ability with words into mastery. Dictionary of Common Errors It provides learners and teachers of English with a practical guide to common errors and their correction. Arranged alphabetically (按字母顺序) for ease of use, the entries deal with those errors that regularly appear in the written English of learners at the intermediate level of proficiency and above. Each error is accompanied by a correction and a short, simple explanation. Merriam­Webster's Vocabulary Builder It is designed to achieve 2 goals: to add a large number of words to your permanent working vocabulary, and to teach the most useful word­building roots to help you continue expanding your vocabulary in the future. To achieve these goals, it employs an approach that takes into account how people learn and remember. Word Power Made Easy It is the complete handbook for building a superior vocabulary, which enables you to speak and write with confidence, read more effectively and efficiently, learn quickly, develop social contacts, and increase your earning power. Pay special attention to the Chapter Review! Are the words still fresh in your mind? Do you remember the meaning of each word studied in the previous sessions? In these Reviews, you are not only testing your learning but also tightening up any areas in which you discover gaps, weaknesses, or forgetfulness. [语篇解读]　这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了有助于英语学习者学习英语的4本词典。 1．What does the Dictionary of Common Errors offer to its users? A．A collection of idiomatic expressions. B．An alphabetical list of advanced vocabulary. C．A comprehensive history of the English language. D．A handy guide to frequently made errors and their corrections. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第三段“It provides learners and teachers of English with a practical guide to common errors and their correction. (它为英语学习者和教师提供了一份常见错误和纠正错误的实用指南。)” 可知，这本词典是常见错误及如何纠正错误的实用指南。故选D。 2．According to the passage, in which dictionary can we learn English roots? A．Verbal Advantage. B．Word Power Made Easy. C．Merriam­Webster's Vocabulary Builder. D．Dictionary of Common Errors. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第四段“It is designed to achieve 2 goals: to add a large number of words to your permanent working vocabulary, and to teach the most useful word­building roots to help you continue expanding your vocabulary in the future. (它的目的是实现两个目标：增加大量的单词到你的永久工作词汇，并教最有用的构词根，以帮助你在未来继续扩大你的词汇量。)”可知，第三本词典可以教会英语学习者词根，从而帮助拓宽词汇量。故选C。 3．What can we learn from this passage? A．Going over the learned words is recommended for English learning. B．Memorizing words alphabetically is the best way to build vocabulary. C．English learners at intermediate level seldom make mistakes in writing. D．All the 4 dictionaries intend to promote learners' grammatical competence. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据最后一段“Pay special attention to the Chapter Review! Are the words still fresh in your mind? Do you remember the meaning of each word studied in the previous sessions? In these Reviews, you are not only testing your learning but also tightening up any areas in which you discover gaps, weaknesses, or forgetfulness. (要特别注意章节回顾！这句话还在你的脑海里吗？你还记得前几节课学过的每个单词的意思吗？在这些复习中，你不仅是在测试你的学习，也是在加强你发现的差距、弱点或健忘的地方。)”可知，复习对于英语学习很有益处。故选A。 B (2025·八省联考)Jim Johnson, a mail carrier, was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland, Westhaven and Westover Hills neighborhoods, just north of downtown Wilmington, where he delivered much more than the mail. He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball. When he wasn't doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns(草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise. Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on. In many communities, that trust is won every day when life­saving medicine, greeting cards, social security checks, college acceptance letters—even the bills—appear in mailboxes in front of the houses. After more than three decades, Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other. He drove a boxy postal truck to North DuPont Road for the first unofficial stop of the day. Butch, a dog who belonged to one of the neighbors, was waiting just like every day before. And just like every day before, he got into the jump seat and they were off. On the route, Jim and Butch had become inseparable. Now, the dog and the mailman would ride off to retirement together. At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own. There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories. It's been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier. That's what the postal service means to us. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了邮递员吉姆·约翰逊在工作中热心帮助邻里，与大家建立了深厚感情，在他退休33年后，作者依然记得他，表达了对他的怀念。 4．What do we know about Jim Johnson from the first paragraph? A．He's open­minded. B．He's sharp­eyed. C．He's warm­hearted. D．He's strong­willed. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第一段中“He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball. When he wasn't doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns (草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise.(他知道所有孩子和他们宠物的名字；他把杂货搬进来；他注意到那些没锁的门，提供园艺方面的建议，还教了几个小男孩曲球的艺术。当他不做这些事情的时候，吉姆会跑过棋盘状的绿色草坪，以确保当地的邮政服务不会达不到每天的承诺。)”可推知，吉姆·约翰逊是一个热心肠的人。故选C。 5．What does the underlined word “disparaged” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Refused. B．Criticized. C．Investigated. D．Suspended. 解析　B　词句猜测题。根据画线单词所在句“Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on.(虽然邮政服务现在经常disparaged，但人们对当地邮政服务的信任仍然存在。)”可知，前后句是转折关系，后半句说对当地邮政服务的信任依然存在，那么前半句应该是说邮政服务现在做得不好，由此可推知，邮政服务经常被看不起或批评。画线词disparaged与“Criticized(批评)”意思相近。故选B。 6．What did Jim do besides daily delivery on his final days of work? A．He drove Butch to its owner. B．He sent presents to his friends. C．He prepared a retirement party. D．He said goodbye to the neighbors. 解析　D　细节理解题。根据第三段中“At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own. There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories.(每到一站，吉姆都会接受那些已经成为他自己的家人的告别祝福。有泪水，有欢笑，有充满温暖回忆的拥抱。)”可知，吉姆在工作的最后几天除了每天送货外，还向邻居们告别。故选D。 7．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To remember a respected mail carrier. B．To record an unforgettable experience. C．To raise funds for the postal service. D．To call for harmony in the community. 解析　A　推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“It's been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier. That's what the postal service means to us.(吉姆离开这条路线已经33年了，但我们仍然记得社区和邮递员之间建立的深厚联系。这就是邮政服务对我们的意义。)”可知，文章主要讲述了邮递员吉姆·约翰逊在工作中热心帮助邻里，与大家建立了深厚感情，在他退休33年后，作者依然记得他，表达了对他的怀念。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是纪念一位受人尊敬的邮递员。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2025·江西南昌测试)Benefits of Boredom to Embrace Boredom is good medicine for the brain. It sounds a little strange, right? After all, what could anyone gain from sitting around with nothing to do? But, in the fast pace of modern living, slowing down every now and then can do wonders for your well­being. 1 So, embrace boredom by setting aside time each day without distractions. It boosts creativity. If you ever face a creative block, try doing nothing at all! Boredom provides a powerful catalyst (催化剂) for creativity. It stimulates divergent thinking—the thought process our brains use to come up with new, innovative ideas. 2 It gives your brain a chance to rest. Having tech devices everywhere you go can lead to digital burnout and sensory overload. 3 Even breaks as short as ten minutes a day help your brain rest, so you can come back clear­headed and more focused. It improves social connections. Burnout can be bad for relationships. 4 Your brain restores and gets refreshed when it's unused. Then, when you interact with your family and friends, you'll feel more at ease and energized. 5 Managing boredom has surprising benefits, like improving your self­control and ability to concentrate. Experiencing boredom at a young age helps develop self­control skills, such as managing one's thoughts and reactions. A．It encourages problem­solving. B．It helps focus and self­discipline. C．Boredom, however, offers your brain a much­needed break. D．When your mind isn't occupied, it creates space for self­reflection. E．Thus, it makes you self­aware and emotionally in tune with yourself. F．So the next time you feel stuck, step away and let the ideas come to you. G．It leads to emotional exhaustion, making it difficult to connect with others. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了无聊的好处。 1．解析　D　根据上文“But, in the fast pace of modern living, slowing down every now and then can do wonders for your well­being.(但是，在现代生活的快节奏中，偶尔放慢脚步可以为你的幸福创造奇迹。)”和下文“So, embrace boredom by setting aside time each day without distractions.(所以，每天留出时间不受干扰，拥抱无聊。)”可知，空处承上启下，应讲述放慢节奏、留出空闲时间、让头脑空白时会产生的好处，D项“当你的头脑没有被占据时，它会为自我反思创造空间。”符合题意。故选D。 2．解析　F　根据前文“It boosts creativity. If you ever face a creative block, try doing nothing at all! Boredom provides a powerful catalyst(催化剂) for creativity. It stimulates divergent thinking—the thought process our brains use to come up with new, innovative ideas.(它促进创造力。如果你遇到创意障碍，试着什么都不做！无聊给创造力提供强大催化剂。它刺激发散思维——我们的大脑用来产生新的创新想法的思维过程。)”可知，本段主要讲述了无聊有助于产生创造力，所以空处应总结上文，鼓励在思绪遇阻时停下来，等待无聊激发创造性，F项“所以，下次你觉得卡住的时候，暂时离开，让想法来找你。”符合题意。故选F。 3．解析　C　根据上文“Having tech devices everywhere you go can lead to digital burnout and sensory overload.(无论你走到哪里，科技设备都会导致数字倦怠和感官超载。)”和下文“Even breaks as short as ten minutes a day help your brain rest, so you can come back clear­headed and more focused.(即使每天休息十分钟，也能帮助你的大脑休息，这样你就可以头脑清醒、注意力更集中地回来。)”可知，空处应与上文形成转折，衔接下文，指出无聊有助于大脑休息，C项“然而，无聊会让你的大脑得到急需的休息。”符合题意，且offers your brain a much­needed break和下文的“help your brain rest”照应。故选C。 4．解析　G　根据上文“Burnout can be bad for relationships.(倦怠可能对人际关系有害。)”可知，空处应承接上文，补充说明倦怠对人际关系的害处，G项“它会导致情绪疲惫，使人难以与他人联系。”符合题意。故选G。 5．解析　B　空处是本段主旨句，根据上文每段首句可知，这里应为It...的形式。根据下文“Managing boredom has surprising benefits, like improving your self­control and ability to concentrate. Experiencing boredom at a young age helps develop self­control skills, such as managing one's thoughts and reactions.(无聊有着令人惊讶的好处，比如提高你的自我控制能力和集中注意力的能力。在年轻时经历无聊有助于培养自我控制能力，例如管理自己的想法和反应。)”可知，本段主要讲述了无聊有助于提高自我控制能力和集中注意力的能力，所以B项“它有助于集中注意力和自律。”符合题意。故选B。 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2025·湖北武汉模拟)In many ways Mack and Cameron were typical high school friends. They enjoyed playing video games, and watched movies together. Both boys loved 1 and did well in school. But Mack and Cameron's friendship was 2 ， or rather, extraordinary. Cameron had been born with cerebral palsy (脑瘫), a 3 that limits a person's ability to move. He used a wheelchair to get around. He communicated through a sophisticated computer system that 4 to his eye movements. Cameron loved sports and hoped to be a 5 someday. Mack enjoyed sports, too. He was also an excellent student and 6 as senior class president. The boys had met years before when Mack was the new kid in the neighborhood. By first grade the two had become 7 ， and by high school they were still best friends. “We laugh at the same things，” Mack once said, “but we're also different. Cam's into following sports, while I'm more 8 and into good academic grades. He's fun to be around, so we find things we can do together.” Although Mack and Cameron had been 9 most of their lives, no one had ever expected them to run in high school 10 events together. Beginning in their junior year, the boys 11 ， and Mack used a special wheelchair to push Cameron in every race. Mack understood that this meant he couldn't earn points at the meets. But as he later explained, he didn't really 12 that. As the seasons 13 ， the boys had some memorable experiences together on the track and managed to beat some other kids in races. “We're not like the best, but we're not bad，”Mack said 14 ． Today both boys have finished high school and moved on to college. They're still friends, and they still run together. In fact, they recently completed a half marathon, 15 in less than an hour and a half, which is faster than seven minutes a mile! [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲麦克和卡梅伦从小形成的特殊友谊。 1．A.sports B．math C．art D．craft 解析　A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：两个男孩都喜欢运动，在学校表现很好。A.sports体育运动；B.math数学；C.art艺术；D.craft工艺。由下文“Mack enjoyed sports, too.”可知，这里指两个男孩都喜欢“体育运动”。故选A。 2．A.fun B．different C．marvelous D．common 解析　B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但麦克和卡梅伦的友谊是不同的，或者更确切地说，非同寻常。A.fun有趣的；B.different不同的；C.marvelous奇妙的；D.common常见的。由下文“Cameron had been born with cerebral palsy”以及“Mack used a special wheelchair to push Cameron in every race”可知，麦克和卡梅伦的友谊是“不同的”。故选B。 3．A.condition B．effect C．circumstance D．medium 解析　A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：卡梅伦出生时患有脑瘫，这是一种限制一个人行动能力的疾病。A.condition条件，(因不可能治愈而长期患有的)疾病；B.effect效果；C.circumstance情况；D.medium媒介。由上文“cerebral palsy”可知，这是一种“疾病”。故选A。 4．A.applied B．contributed C．objected D．responded 解析　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：他通过一个复杂的计算机系统进行交流，该系统会对他的眼球运动做出反应。A.applied应用；B.contributed贡献；C.objected反对；D.responded回答，反应。由上文“to his eye movements”以及语境可知，这里指该系统会对他的眼球运动做出“反应”。故选D。 5．A.driver B．doctor C．coach D．programmer 解析　C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：卡梅伦热爱运动，希望有一天能成为一名教练。A.driver司机；B.doctor医生；C.coach教练；D.programmer程序员。由上文“Cameron loved sports”以及语境可知，卡梅伦热爱运动但是无法动弹，所以这里指他想做“教练”指导别人运动。故选C。 6．A.regarded B．treated C．served D．defined 解析　C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：他也是一名优秀的学生，曾担任高年级班长。A.regarded认为；B.treated治疗；C.served服务；D.defined定义。由下文“as senior class president”以及语境可知，这里指麦克曾“担当”高年级班长，serve as，表“用作；充当”，为固定搭配，符合语境。故选C。 7．A.focused B．inseparable C．hopeful D．sympathetic 解析　B　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到一年级时，两人已经形影不离，到高中时，他们仍然是最好的朋友。A.focused专注的；B.inseparable形影不离的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.sympathetic同情的。由下文“by high school they were still best friends”可知，这里指麦克和卡梅伦小时候就是朋友了，变得“形影不离的”。故选B。 8．A.bookish B．optimistic C．dynamic D．consistent 解析　A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：卡姆喜欢运动，而我更喜欢读书，学习成绩也很好。A.bookish书呆子气的；B.optimistic乐观的；C.dynamic动态的；D.consistent一致的。由下文“into good academic grades”可知，这里指麦克学习成绩很好，所以应该是“书呆子气的”。故选A。 9．A.brothers B．relatives C．friends D．roommates 解析　C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管麦克和卡梅伦一生中大部分时间都是朋友，但没有人想过他们会一起参加高中田径比赛。A.brothers兄弟；B.relatives亲属；C.friends朋友；D.roommates室友。由上文“by high school they were still best friends”可知，这里指麦克和卡梅伦一生中大部分时间都是“朋友”。故选C。 10．A.history B．track C．singing D．reciting 解析　B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管麦克和卡梅伦一生中大部分时间都是朋友，但没有人想过他们会一起参加高中田径比赛。A.history历史；B.track轨道，跑道；C.singing唱歌；D.reciting背诵。由下文“Mack used a special wheelchair to push Cameron in every race”可知，这里指没有人想过他们会一起出现在高中田径“跑道”上。故选B。 11．A.pulled through B．gave up C．settled down D．teamed up 解析　D　考查词动词组辨析。句意：从高三开始，男孩们就开始组队，麦克在每场比赛中都用特殊的轮椅推着卡梅隆。A.pulled through渡过难关；B.gave up放弃；C.settled down安顿下来；D.teamed up组队。由下文“Mack used a special wheelchair to push Cameron in every race”可知，这里指麦克和卡梅伦“组队”参加比赛。故选D。 12．A.care about B．think about C．set down D．show off 解析　A　考查动词词组辨析。句意：但正如他后来解释的那样，他并不真正在乎这一点。A.care about在乎；B.think about考虑；C.set down放下；D.show off炫耀。由上文“Mack understood that this meant he couldn't earn points at the meets”以及语境可知，这里指麦克不“在乎”积分。故选A。 13．A.settled B．transferred C．ended D．progressed 解析　D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着赛季的进行，男孩们在赛道上有了一些难忘的经历，并在比赛中击败了其他一些孩子。A.settled解决；B.transferred转移；C.ended结束；D.progressed进展。由下文“the boys had some memorable experiences together on the track and managed to beat some other kids in races”以及语境可知，这里指随着赛季的“进展”，麦克和卡梅伦经历了很多。故选D。 14．A.surprisedly B．disappointedly C．proudly D．sadly 解析　C　考查形容词和副词词义辨析。句意：“我们不是最好的，但我们也不错，”麦克自豪地说。A.surprisedly惊讶地；B.disappointedly失望地；C.proudly自豪地；D.sadly悲哀地。由上文“We're not like the best, but we're not bad”可知，麦克对他们组合的表现很是“自豪”。故选C。 15．A.relaxing B．finishing C．cooperating D．navigating 解析　B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他们最近完成了半程马拉松，不到一个半小时就跑完了，比每英里快七分钟！A.relaxing放松；B.finishing完成；C.cooperating合作；D.navigating导航。由下文“in less than an hour and a half”以及语境可知，这里指麦克和卡梅伦在不到一个半小时就“完成”了半程马拉松。故选B。 B级　写作规范练 Ⅰ.语法填空 (2025·宁夏吴忠阶段练习)Every parent wants their child 1. (have) happy memories of their childhood. So a lot of work is put into taking great vacations, going on adventures, and 2. (make) sure holidays are magical. They believe that these events will build “happy” children 3. shape the rest of their lives. This also means that parents believe that bad moments in life can have a negative impact on children. These can 4. (define) as “core” memories, and this theme came into 5. (popular) with Disney's hit, Inside Out. These are defining moments in people's life 6. helped shape who they are. As stated, the idea of core memories first 7. (become) popular after the movie Inside Out came out, and it showed what goes on in a little girl's mind. According to Pixar, all of her emotions are battling to protect her memories, 8. (especial) her core memories which seem to make up the five main 9. (aspect) of her personality. These core memories all represent “key moments” in her life that have helped shape her personality. Researchers stated that memories can have 10. impact on our personalities, but they are not defined so strictly. There is give and take, and childhood memories are typically our “poorest memories”． [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了旅游的好处和作用。 1．解析　to have　考查非谓语动词。句意：每个父母都希望他们的孩子有快乐的童年回忆。分析句子结构可知，此处为不定式短语作宾语补足语。want sb/sth to do sth想要某人或某物做某事，故填to have。 2．解析　making　考查非谓语动词。句意：所以很多工作都是为了度过美好的假期，去冒险，确保假期充满魔力。分析句子结构可知，设空处和空前的taking，going并列作介词into的宾语，故填making。 3．解析　and　考查连词。句意：他们相信这些活动将培养“快乐”的孩子，并塑造他们的余生。设空处和空前的build并列做句子的谓语。故填 and。 4．解析　be defined　考查语态。句意：这些可以被定义为“核心”记忆，这个主题随着迪斯尼的热门电影《头脑特工队》而流行起来。设空处为句子的谓语，和主语 These 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，空前为can，设空处为含有情态动词的被动语态，故填be defined。 5．解析　popularity　考查名词。句意见上题解析。设空处应用名词作介词into 的宾语，表示抽象概念为不可数名词。故填 popularity。 6．解析　that/which　考查定语从句的引导词。句意：这些都是人们生命中的决定性时刻，它们帮助塑造了他们。设空处引导定语从句且在句中作指物的主语，先行词为moments，关系代词为that或者which。故填that/which。 7．解析　became　考查谓语动词。句意：如上所述，核心记忆的概念在电影《头脑特工队》上映后首次流行起来，它展示了一个小女孩的想法。设空处为句子的谓语，叙述过去发生的事，时态为一般过去时，设空处为动词的过去式。故填became。 8．解析　especially　考查副词。句意：根据皮克斯的说法，她所有的情绪都在努力保护她的记忆，尤其是她的核心记忆，这些记忆似乎构成了她个性的五个主要方面。设空处应用副词的形式作状语。故填especially。 9．解析　aspects　考查名词。句意见上题解析。设空处为名词作宾语，空前为five，设空处为名词复数的形式。故填aspects。 10．解析　an　考查冠词。句意：研究人员表示，记忆可以对我们的性格产生影响，但它们并没有如此严格的定义。固定短语have an impact on对……有影响。故填an。 Ⅱ.应用文写作 (2024·陕西西安模拟)假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Johnson所在的学校将开设汉语选修课(Chinese elective)。他写信询问如何布置一间教室以营造良好的汉语学习氛围。请你给他回信，内容包括： 1．提出建议；2.说明理由。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Johnson， Yours， Li Hua One possible version： Dear Johnson， I'm thrilled to hear that your school is introducing a Chinese elective! To create an immersive learning environment for the classroom, I suggest the following： First, decorate your classroom with cultural items: Chinese calligraphy, traditional paintings, and maps of China to stimulate interest in the language. Second, engage students with Chinese music, films, and interactive software for more dynamic learning. Finally, include authentic objects like Chinese tea sets or chopsticks, which can help students understand the practical use of the language. I hope these suggestions will help make the Chinese classroom a place of excitement and inspiration. Wish you all the best. Yours， Li Hua Ⅲ.读后续写 (2025·江苏南京阶段练习)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jake sat nervously at the kitchen table, his heart pounding in his chest. He knew he had to gather the courage to talk to his parents about something that was important to him. For a while now, he had been passionate about skateboarding, and he felt it was time to share his passion with his parents. “Mom, Dad, can we talk？” Jake asked, his voice shaking slightly. “Of course, Jake. What's on your mind？” his dad replied. Taking a moment to collect his thoughts, Jake expressed his desire to start skateboarding. He knew it was a risky activity, but it was something he had always been interested in. His parents exchanged surprised looks. “Skateboarding？” his dad repeated. “But Jake, it can be dangerous.” Jake nodded, understanding their concern. He then assured his parents that he would take all the necessary precautions (预防措施) to ensure his safety. He promised to wear protective clothes, practice in safe areas, and learn from experienced skateboarders. His mom sighed. “Jake, we're just worried about your well­being and we're afraid that skateboarding might take your attention away from your studies.” Jake listened attentively，understanding their worries and reassuring them that he valued his education as well. He explained that skateboarding was more than just a hobby to him. It was a form of self­expression, a way to challenge himself, and an opportunity to learn important life skills. Finally, his dad suggested that they find a balance. They would support Jake in pursuing skateboarding, but he would need to maintain good grades and keep them informed about his activities. Besides, they wanted to be involved in order to ensure his safety. A smile spread across Jake's face, relief flooding his being. “Thank you, Mom, Dad! I promise I won't let you down. I'm grateful for your trust and support.” 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Over the following weeks, Jake kept his promise. With time, Jake's parents became proud supporters of his skateboarding journey. One possible version： Over the following weeks, Jake kept his promise. Knowing the value of time management, he worked out a schedule to strike a balance between study and skateboarding. Priority given to his schoolwork, he allocated enough time to it, thus ensuring his top position in the class. Meanwhile, after signing up for skateboarding classes, he sought guidance from experienced skateboarders, practiced diligently and became an active member of the skateboarding community. Besides, he also made it a routine to communicate regularly with his parents about his progress, sharing the techniques he learned and the friends he made in the skateboarding community. With time, Jake's parents became proud supporters of his skateboarding journey.They actively attended his competitions, cheered him on, and celebrated his achievements. They witnessed firsthand his improved time management and his ability to pursue his passion while maintaining academic focus. They also observed his growing happiness, determination and confidence built up by practicing skateboarding. Their initial concerns faded, replaced by pride and admiration for their son. By communicating openly with his parents and earning their understanding and trust, Jake successfully balanced his passion and academic performance. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$