Unit 3 Food matters 单元语法（讲义）-2024-2025学年七年级英语下册易混易错点精讲精炼（外研版）

Unit3 Food matters 单元语法（讲义） 知识梳理 一、概念 系动词（Linking verb），是用来辅助主语的动词。 ①本身有词义，不能单独做谓语，后面必须跟表语一起构成复合谓语 ②其后跟表语，构成系表结构说明主语的性质、特征、品性或状态 ③系动词的功能主要是把表语和它的主语联系在一起 二、分类及用法 1）表示状态即状态系动词，用来表示主语状态，只有be一词。 ①在现在时中，有am，is，are 三种形式， ②在过去时中，am和is 变成 was，are 变成 were。 ③be的现在分词形式为 being； ④过去分词形式为 been。 He was busy.他当时很忙。 The road is being under repair.路正在修。 I have been very busy these day. 这些天我一直很忙。 2）感官动词即感官系动词，表示感觉 look,feel, smell, sound, taste, This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布摸起来很软。 This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。 3）表持续即持续系动词，表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度。 keep, remain, stay,lie, stand, He always keeps silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。 This matter remains a mystery.此事仍是一个谜。 The peace remains stable.和平仍然稳定 4）表变化即变化系动词，表示主语变成什么样。 become, grow, turn, fall, get, go,come, run. The sky is becoming dark. 天越来越黑了 The fruit is getting ripe. 水果快熟了 She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。 5）表看起来即表像系动词，表示"看起来像" seem, appear, look, He looks tired.他看起来很累。 He seems (to be) very sad.他看起来很伤心。 6）表终止即终止系动词，表示主语已终止动作 prove（证实）, turn out,(变成） The rumor proved false.这谣言证实有假。 The search proved difficult.搜查证实很难。 His plan turned out a success.他的计划终 于成功了。（turn out表终止性结果） 三、系动词的特殊用法 1.感官系动词（look, sound, taste, smell, feel）这些动词既可以作系动词，也可以作实义动词。 作为系动词时： The cake tastes good.（蛋糕尝起来很好吃。） The music sounds beautiful.（音乐听起来很美。） 作为实义动词时： She looked at me.（她看着我。） He felt the blanket.（他摸了摸毯子。） 2.系动词的被动语态 有些系动词（如seem, appear, look, become等）没有被动语态，因为它们本身已经表示一种状态或变化，而不是动作的承受。 例如：He seems to be happy.（他似乎很高兴。）不能改为被动语态。 3.系动词的否定形式 系动词的否定形式通常在系动词后直接加not。 例如：He is not happy.（他不高兴。） 但是，有些系动词（如seem, appear）的否定形式可以有两种表达方式： He doesn’t seem happy.（他似乎不高兴。） He seems not happy.（他似乎不高兴。） 4.系动词+as if/as though+表语从句。 这些系动词有：look（看起来），smell（闻起来），sound（听起来），feel（觉得）； appear（看起来，同look、seem），seem（似乎）。 It looks as if we are going to have rain.看样子天要下雨了。 He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairy tales. 他看来好像刚从我的童话故事中走出来似的。 It seems as if it were summer already.好像已是夏天了。 5“It+ seem\appear +that从句” It appeared that he was talking to himself.好像他在自言自语。 6.be\ seem\ get\ look\ appear\ prove\ grow + 不定式to do （做表语） Her job is to look after the Disabled Person.她的工作是照料残疾人。 He seems not to look after the children.他似乎没有照顾孩子。 She looks to be a young girl of twenty year-old.她看起来像是一个20岁的年轻姑娘。 He didn’t appear to dislike it. 看不出他憎恨此事。 His behavior proved to be wrong.他的行为证明是错误的。 She will grow to like this work gradually.她会逐渐喜欢这个工作的。 7. there be + 系动词， 有三种句型。 第一种:"There+系动词be+主语"， 第二种:"There+系动词seem/remain+主语， There remains a lot of doubt about it.仍然有很多疑问。 There appeared to be only one room.那儿好像只有一个房间。 There seems ( to be ) something wrong about it.好像有点不大对头. 四、系动词与实义动词的区别 1.系动词： 不能单独作谓语，必须与表语一起使用。 表语通常是名词、形容词、介词短语等。 例如：He is a student.（他是一名学生。） 2.实义动词： 可以单独作谓语，表示动作或状态。 可以有宾语、宾语补足语等。 例如：He studies hard.（他学习很努力。） 总之，系动词在句子中起着重要的连接作用，通过与表语的搭配，可以清晰地表达主语的状态、特征、变化等信息。掌握系动词的分类和用法，有助于更准确地理解和使用英语。 即时训练 一、单项选择 1．Either you or I ________ right. A．is B．am C．are D．be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不是你就是我是对的。 考查主谓一致。either…or连接并列主语，遵循“就近原则”，离be动词最近的主语是I，be动词填am，故选B。 2．The fish on the plates ________. A．smells well B．msells well C．smells nice D．smell nice 【答案】C 【详解】句意：盘子里的鱼闻起来很香。 考查系动词和形容词。smell闻起来；well好，副词；nice好的，形容词。根据“The fish on the plates”可知，主语是第三人称单数，动词使用smells，感官动词后接形容词nice作表语。故选C。 3．A number of students ________ waiting for him in the playground. The number of them ________ two thousand. A．are; are B．is; is C．are; is D．is; are 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多学生在操场上等他。他们的人数是两千。 考查主谓一致。are用于复数主语；is用于单数主语。根据“A number of students很多学生”可知，主语中心词students是复数，第一空用are；根据“The number of them他们的数量”可知，主语中心词number是单数，第二空用is。故选C。 4．The children ________ happy and excited when they saw the gifts. A．were B．was C．weren’t D．wasn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当孩子们看见礼物的时候，他们是高兴的和兴奋的。 考查系动词。were是，一般过去时，主语是复数或第二人称；was是，一般过去时，主语是单数或第三人称单数；weren’t不是，一般过去时，主语是复数或第二人称；wasn’t不是，一般过去时，主语是单数或第三人称单数。根据常识可知看见礼物的时候应该是高兴的，故CD不对，本句主语the children是复数名词，故B不对，A正确。故选A。 5．There ________ a lot of watery cabbage on the table, and the poor family ate it day after day. A．wasn’t B．were C．was D．weren’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：桌子上有很多加水的卷心菜，这个贫穷的家庭日复一日的吃着它。 考查系动词be。wasn’t不是，一般过去时，主语是单数或第三人称单数；were是，一般过去时，主语是复数或第二人称；was是，一般过去时，主语是单数或第三人称单数；weren’t不是，一般过去时，主语是复数或第二人称。 根据“the poor family ate it day after day”可知，前半句的句意为“桌子上有很多带水的卷心菜”，所以排除A和D选项。a lot of watery cabbage是不可数名词，所以谓语动词应该用单数形式。故选C。 6．—Does the soup ________ nice? —Yes. It’s hot, but really delicious. A．sound B．feel C．look D．smell 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这个汤闻起来好喝吗？——是的，它很热，但真得很美味。 考查动词辨析。sound听起来；feel感觉，摸起来；look看起来；smell闻起来。根据“Does the soup... nice?”可知，soup意为“汤”，结合选项，应该是闻起来美味，故选D。 7．—This pair of shoes ________ thirty dollars. What about yours? —My shoes ________ thirty-five dollars. A．are; is B．is; are C．are; are 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这双鞋子30美元，你的呢？——我的鞋子是35美元。 考查主谓一致。第一句中主语是this pair，是三单，用is；第二句中主语是shoes，是复数，用are。故选B。 8．—The fish ________ nice. You’re really a good cook. —Thanks. Try some, and you’ll like it more. A．cooks B．sounds C．tastes D．smells 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——鱼闻起来很好。你真是个很棒的厨师。——谢谢。尝尝看，你会更喜欢它的。 考查动词辨析。cooks烹饪；sounds听起来；tastes尝起来；smells闻起来。根据“Try some, and you’ll like it more.”可知，让对方品尝一下，说明上一句是闻着香。故选D。 9．—Look! There is a horse racing program on TV now. —Mmm, it ________ exciting. A．seems B．tastes C．feels D．watches 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——看！电视上现在有一个赛马节目。——嗯，它看起来很刺激。 考查动词辨析。seems看起来；tastes品尝；feels感觉；watches观看。exciting是形容词，空处需要填系动词，根据“There is a horse racing program on TV now.”可知，此处形容赛马这个节目，seems符合句意。故选A。 10．—3D printing can be used to build a house in less than 24 hours. —It ________ wonderful. It’s my first time getting to know this. A．sounds B．smells C．tastes D．hears 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——3D打印可以用来在不到24小时内建造一栋房子。——听起来很棒。这是我第一次了解这个。 考查动词词义辨析。sound听起来；smell闻起来；taste尝起来；hear听到。根据上句“3D printing can be used to build a house in less than 24 hours.”可知，这是一件听起来很棒的事情。故选A。 11．When the sun is ________, everything seems ________ golden. A．set; doing B．setting; being C．set; to be D．setting; to be 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当太阳落山时，一切似乎都变成了金色。 考查动词时态及非谓语动词。set“落下”是不及物动词，物作主语，因此第一空前面有be动词“is”，动词应用现在分词“setting”，表示正在进行，排除选项A和C；seem“似乎”在此句中是系动词，后面加“to be+形容词”作表语。故选D。 12．The food ________ the apple pie. It smells so_________. A．smells, good B．smells like, good C．smells, well D．smells like, well 【答案】B 【详解】句意：食物闻起来像苹果派。它闻起来很好。 考查动词短语和形容词的用法。smells闻起来，动词三单形式；good好的，形容词；smells like闻起来像；well好，副词。根据“The food...the apple pie.”可知此处表示“闻起来像”，用“smells like”；根据“smells so...”可知此处smell是系动词，后面用形容词“good”。故选B。 13．Some chicken ________ on the plate. Some bananas ________ on the table. A．is; is B．is; are C．are; is D．are; are 【答案】B 【详解】句意：盘子里有一些鸡肉。桌子上有一些香蕉。 考查主谓一致。前句中主语chicken为不可数名词，应用is；后句中bananas为可数名词复数形式，应用are。故选B。 14．There ________ some milk and eggs in the fridge. A．is B．are C．have D．has 【答案】A 【详解】句意：冰箱里有一些牛奶和鸡蛋。 考查there be句型的主谓一致。is用于单数名词或不可数名词；are用于复数名词；have/has表示“有”，不用于there be句型。根据“some milk”可知，milk是不可数名词，谓语动词用is。故选A。 15．—Why does the earth look blue in space? —Because most of the earth’s surface ________ with water. A．covers B．is covered C．cover D．are covered 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——为什么地球在太空中看起来是蓝色的？——因为地球表面大部分都被水覆盖。 考查动词短语和主谓一致。根据“most of the earth’s surface...with water”可知，此处指地球表面大部分都被水覆盖，应是短语be covered with“被……覆盖”，主语为“most of the earth’s surface”，是不可数名词，be动词用is。故选B。 16．The boy’s face ________ red when he talks to someone. A．goes B．gets C．turns D．grows 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当这个男孩和别人说话时，他的脸就会变红。 考查系动词辨析。goes变得，常修饰情况由好变坏或由正常便特殊；gets变得，强调变化过程的完成；turn变得，强调明显且彻底的变化，尤其是颜色或情绪；grows变得，侧重逐渐变化的过程。结合语境及“…red”可知，这个男孩的脸“变红”了，应用turn与之搭配，“turn red”表示“变红”，故选C。 17．There ________ a post office and two restaurants in Livon neighborhood, A．is B．are C．has D．have 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在利文社区有一个邮局和两家餐馆。 考查there be句型。is是，第三人称单数形式；are是，复数形式；has有，第三人称单数形式；have有，复数形式。根据“There ... a post office and two restaurants in Livon neighborhood”可知，此处是there be句型，表示“有”，be动词遵循就近原则，此处离be动词最近的主语a post office是单数形式，所以be动词用is。故选A。 18．—_______ is the weather in Beijing? —_______ warm and sunny. A．What; It’s B．How; It’s C．How; It D．What; It 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——北京天气怎么样？——温暖而晴朗。 考查特殊疑问句。What什么；It’s它是；How如何；It它。询问天气可以用“How is the weather?”或“What is the weather like?”。此处用how，排除A、D；第二句缺少主语和谓语，主语是it，be动词用is。故选B。 19．— Frank, it ________ that you know Shanxi well. — Of course. Shanxi is my hometown. A．seems B．looks C．feels D．smells 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Frank，看来你很了解山西。——当然了，山西是我的家乡。 考查动词辨析。seems似乎；looks看起来；feels感觉；smells闻起来。根据语境可知，此处表达“似乎、好像你很了解山西”，用seems符合句意。故选A。 20．—Suzy, the juice smells ________ . —Keep it away from ants. They can smell things ________ . A．good; good B．good; well C．well; well D．well; good 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Suzy，这个果汁闻起来很香。——把它放在离蚂蚁远的地方。它们能很好地闻到东西。 考查形容词和副词的用法。good好的，形容词；well好，副词。第一句中“smell闻起来”是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，用形容词good；根据第二句空前“smell things”可知，本句“smell闻”，为实义动词，所以第二空用副词well来修饰。故选B。 21．The pizza ________ delicious. I want to have more. A．smells B．sounds C．feels D．looks 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个披萨闻起来很美味，我想再吃一些。 考查动词辨析。smells闻起来；sounds听起来；feels摸起来；looks看起来。根据句意可知，此处表示披萨闻起来很香，故选A。 22．My sister ________ tall and she ________ long hair. A．is; has B．is; is C．has; is D．has; has 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我妹妹很高，她有一头长发。 考查主谓一致。is是，be动词，用于人称单数；has有。第一空根据“My sister ... tall”可知，此空需填be动词，后接形容词“tall”。第二空根据“she ... long hair”可知，此处表达“她有一头长头发”，需用“has”表达“有”。故选A。 23．These animals ________ very important to us. We should protect them. A．am B．is C．are D．be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这些动物对我们非常重要。我们应该保护它们。 考查be动词。主语These animals是复数形式，be动词用复数are。故选C。 24．There ________ some water in the river. And there ________ some fish in it. A．is; is B．is; are C．are; is D．are; are 【答案】B 【详解】句意：河里有水，而且里面还有鱼。 考查be动词。is用于主语为不可数名词时或主语是第三人称单数时；are用于主语为可数名词复数时。由“some water”可知，water是不可数名，be动词用is；又由“some fish”可知，fish表示“鱼”时，复数形式还是fish，be动词用are。故选B。 25．My first teacher was Mr Smith and he ________ very strict but nice then. A．was B．is C．are D．were 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我的第一个老师是Mr.Smith，他很严格，但是人很好。 考查be动词。根据“My first teacher was Mr Smith”可知，时态是一般过去时，结合and连接同一时态，空处也是一般过去时；主语是he，be动词应用第三人称单数的过去式was。故选A。 26．Look at the big window in my bedroom. Next to it _________ shelves full of my favourite toys. A．are B．is C．was D．were 【答案】A 【详解】句意：看看我卧室里的大窗户。它旁边的架子上摆满了我最喜欢的玩具。 考查主谓一致和时态。根据“Look at the big window in my bedroom.”可知，句中时态为一般现在时，排除C和D；根据“Next to it...shelves...”可知，next to it是倒装形式，空处所在句子真正的主语是shelves，所以be动词用are。故选A。 27．The news ________ very interesting. A．are B．is C．sound D．look 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个消息很有趣。 考查动词辨析和主谓一致。are是，主语是you或复数；is是，主语是第三人称单数；sound听起来；look看起来。此句的主语是news，不可数名词，可视为第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式，只有is符合。故选B。 28．We should always keep in mind that winning ________ not everything in a sports event. A．are B．is C．was D．were 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们应该始终记住，获胜并不是体育赛事中的一切。 考查be动词。根据“We should always keep in mind that winning …not everything in a sports event.”可知，动名词winning作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，且这里是陈述一般事实，用一般现在时，因此be动词用is。故选B。 29．What ________ you doing? I’m reading a book. A．is B．am C．are D．be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你在干什么？  ——我正在看书。 考查现在进行时及主谓一致。is是，修饰第三人称单数形式；am是，用于第一人称单数形式；are是，用于第一、三人称复数形式及第二人称单复数形式；be是，be动词原形。结合该问句中主语you及doing可知，此处应用are与之构成现在进行时，“be doing”表示“正在做某事”。故选C。 30．They ________ playing with the cat now. A．is B．am C．are D．be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他们现在正在和猫玩。 考查be动词。is是（be 的第三人称单数）；am用于第一人称单数现在时；are是（be 的第二人称单复数现在式）；be动词原形。根据“now”可知，句子的时态为现在进行时。主语they是第三人称复数形式，所以be动词用are。故选C。 31．The monkeys ______ very funny when they jump around. A．look B．looks C．looked D．looking 【答案】A 【详解】句意：猴子们跳来跳去时看起来非常有趣。 考查动词时态和主谓一致。look看起来（一般现在时，主语为复数）；looks看起来（一般现在时，主语为单数）；looked看起来（一般过去时）；looking看起来（现在分词）。根据“The monkeys”可知，主语是复数，且句子描述的是现在的状态，用一般现在时，因此用look。故选A。 32．These ________ my animal friends. A．is B．are C．be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我的动物朋友们。 考查be动词。is是；主语为第三人称单数；are是，主语为复数或第二人称；be是，动词原形。根据“These”可知，主语是复数，be动词应用are。故选B。 33．—Let’s join the music club. —________ A．That’s sounds good. B．That sounds well. C．That sounds good. D．That’s sounds well. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——让我们加入音乐俱乐部吧。——听起来不错。 考查形容词和副词的用法。good好的，形容词；well好，副词。sound为系动词，前面不能加be动词，排除AD选项；sounds后面应用形容词作表语，排除B。故选C。 34．—Mom, may I have one more coffee please? It ________ really good. —Cindy, don’t drink too much iced coffee! It’s not good for you. A．looks B．smells C．tastes D．sounds 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我可以再喝一杯咖啡吗？它尝起来真的好喝。——Cindy，不要喝太多冷咖啡。对你不好。考查动词辨析。looks看起来；smells闻起来；tastes尝起来；sounds听起来。根据“don’t drink too much iced coffee! ”可知，咖啡是尝起来好喝。故选C。 35．—________ you born in 2008? —Yes, I ________. A．Were; were B．Were; was C．Are; am D．Are; was 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你出生于2008年吗？——是的，我是。 考查be动词和时态。根据“in 2008”可知，此句是一般过去时，主语是you，be动词用were；回答也用过去的时态，主语是I，be动词用was。故选B。 36．There ________ some water and apples on the table. A．is B．are C．has D．have 【答案】A 【详解】句意：桌子上有一些水和苹果。 考查there be句型。该句为there be句型，意为“有……”，遵循就近原则，即be动词的形式与离它最近的名词的数保持一致。离be动词最近的名词water是不可数名词，be动词用is。故选A。 37．There ________ a pencil and many pens in Tom’s schoolbag. A．is B．are C．have 【答案】A 【详解】句意：汤姆的书包里有一支铅笔和许多钢笔。 考查there be句型。根据“There…a pencil”可知，该句是there be句型，遵循“就近原则”，设空处后是单数名词，be动词填is。故选A。 38．My pet dog ________ very smart. It can do many things. A．am B．is C．are D．be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的宠物狗非常聪明。它能做很多事情。 考查主谓一致。am是，用于第一人称单数（I）；is用于第三人称单数（he/she/it等）；are用于第二人称单数（you）和所有的复数（we/you/they等）；be是动词原形。根据“My pet dog”可知主语是第三人称单数，所以be动词用is。故选B。 39．Now it is April. In my hometown, Wuhan, the weather is ________ warmer and warmer. A．getting B．growing C．keeping D．remaining 【答案】A 【详解】句意：现在是四月份了。在我的家乡武汉，天气变得越来越暖和。 考查动词辨析。getting变得；growing生长；keeping保持；remaining保持。根据“...warmer and warmer.”可知，此处表示变得越来越暖和。故选A。 40．Some potatoes ________ in the bag. Some beef ________ on the plate. A．is; is B．is; are C．are; is D．are; are 【答案】C 【详解】句意：袋子里有一些土豆。盘子里有一些牛肉。 考查be动词。is是，单数；are是，复数。第一空主语Some potatoes为复数，be动词用are；第二空主语beef为不可数名词，be动词用is。故选C。 41．Both Lily and Tony ________ good at playing badminton. A．is B．are C．be D．will be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：莉莉和托尼都擅长打羽毛球。 考查主谓一致。根据“Both Lily and Tony…good at playing badminton.”可知，该句考查be good at“擅长做某事”，该句陈述事实，为一般现在时，主语是“Both Lily and Tony”，be动词填are。故选B。 42．Both Lily and Tony _______ good at playing badminton. A．is B．are C．be D．am 【答案】B 【详解】句意：莉莉和托尼都擅长打羽毛球。 考查be动词。“is”主语是第三人称单数形式；“are”主语是复数/你；“be”是动词原形；“am”用于第一人称单数。“Both Lily and Tony”是复数主语，所以be动词应用are。故选B。 43．—________ your classroom big or small? —It ________ big. A．Are; is B．Is; is C．Is; are D．Are; are 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你的教室大还是小？——它很大。考查主谓一致。分析句子可知，主语是your classroom，be动词用单数is；答语中It作主语，be动词用is。故选B。 44．These books ________ very interesting. I’ll share them with my friends. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些书很有趣。我会和我的朋友们一起看。 考查be动词和时态。根据“I’ll share them with my friends”可推断句子是一般现在时，描述现在的情况，主语是复数名词，be动词用are。故选B。 45．Here ________ some good news! Our store has a big sale, come and choose your favourite clothes. A．are B．is C．have D．has 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这里有一些好消息！我们的商店正在进行大促销，快来选择你最喜欢的衣服。 考查主谓一致和be动词。分析句子，此处为here be句型，主语为不可数名词“news”，be动词用is。故选B。 46．—Have you seen (你曾看过) the movie Titanic, Wang Wei? —Yes. The music in it ________. A．looks great B．sounds great C．feels great 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你看过电影《泰坦尼克号》吗，王伟？——是的。里面的音乐听起来很棒。 考查感官动词辨析。looks great看起来很棒；sounds great听起来很棒；feels great感觉很好。根据“The music”可知，音乐应是听起来很棒。故选B。 47．—Does John _________ from America? —No. He ________ from Beijing. A．come; is B．comes; is C．come; come D．comes; comes 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——John来自美国吗？——不，他来自北京。 考查助动词和be动词。come来，动词原形；is是，主语是第三人称单数；comes，主语是第三人称单数；be/come from表示 “来自……”。根据“Does John...from America?”可知，助动词does后面接动词原形，排除B和D；根据“He...from Beijing”可知，主语是He，谓语动词用单三形式，排除C。故选A。 48．The idea of camping sounds ________, especially on a clear, starry night. A．lovely B．beautifully C．politely D．softly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：露营的想法听起来很可爱，特别是在一个晴朗的星空夜晚。 考查形容词及副词词义辨析。lovely可爱的，形容词；beautifully美丽地，副词；politely礼貌地，副词；softly柔软地，副词。sound是系动词，后面加形容词lovely。故选A。 49．The trip ________ exciting to me. How I wish to go! A．sounds B．smells C．feels D．tastes 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这次旅行对我来说听起来很刺激。我多么想去啊！ 考查动词辨析。sounds听起来；smells闻起来；feels感觉；tastes尝起来。结合选项和“The trip...exciting to me.”可知，此处表示“这次旅行听起来很刺激”。故选A。 50．—Dad, ________ there any milk at home? —Yes. There ________ two cartons of milk in the fridge. A．is; are B．are; is C．is; is D．are; are 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——爸爸，家里有牛奶吗？ ——有的。冰箱里有两盒牛奶。 考查be动词和主谓一致。问句中主语milk为不可数名词，be动词应用is；答句中主语单位词“two cartons of …”表示复数概念，be动词应用are。故选A。 51．My mother often tells me this kind of milk ______ a little sweet. A．looks B．tastes C．turns D．feels 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我妈妈告诉我这种牛奶尝起来有点甜 考查动词辨析。looks看起来；tastes尝起来；turns变得……；feels感觉起来。根据“this kind of milk”可知牛奶应该是品尝起来甜。故选B。 52．There ________ any oranges in the fridge now. But there ________ some orange juice. A．isn’t; are B．aren’t; is C．are; is 【答案】B 【详解】句意：冰箱里没有橙子了，但是有一些橙汁。 考查there be句型。根据第一句中“any”可知，第一句为否定句，排除C，空后名词“oranges”是复数形式，be动词填are；根据第二句中“some”可知该句为肯定句，空后名词“juice”是不可数名词，be动词填is。故选B。 53．May I have some more fish? It ________ so delicious. A．feels B．smells C．tastes D．sounds 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我能再要一点鱼吗？鱼非常美味。 考查感官动词辨析。feels感觉；smells闻起来；tastes尝起来；sounds听起来。根据“It...so delicious.”可知，鱼肉尝起来很好吃。故选C。 54．—______ you at home yesterday evening? —Yes, I ______ with my mother. A．Were; were B．Was; was C．Were; was D．Was; were 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——昨天晚上你在家吗？——是的，我和我妈妈在一起。 考查主谓一致。第一空的主语you是第二人称，根据“yesterday evening”可知，本句的时态是过去时，所以第一空应该填were。 第二空的主语I是第一人称单数，所以应该用am的过去式was。故选C。 55．The whole story________ interesting. All the children like it. A．sounds B．feels C．turns D．gets 【答案】A 【详解】句意：整个故事听起来很有趣。所有的孩子们都喜欢它。 考查动词词义辨析。sounds听起来；feels摸起来；turns变得；gets变得。根据“The whole story…  interesting!”结合选项，可知是故事听起来很有趣，A选项符合题意，故选A。 56．There ________ any bottles of juice in the fridge, but there ________ some tea in the kitchen. A．aren’t; are B．isn’t; are C．aren’t; is D．isn’t; is 【答案】C 【详解】句意：冰箱里没有果汁，但厨房里有一些茶。 考查there be句型。aren’t不是；are是，be的第二人称单复数现在时，第一、三人称复数现在时；isn’t不是；is是，be的第三人称单数现在时形式。根据“any bottles of juice”和“some tea”可知，句子为there be句型，一空后主语any bottles of juice为复数，be动词需用aren’t，排除B和D，又因二空后主语some tea为不可数名词，be动词需用is。故选C。 57．How smooth the silk clothes ________! A．feels B．feel C．are feeling D．felt 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这件丝绸衣服摸起来多么的光滑啊！ 考查动词时态。根据“How smooth the silk clothes...!”可知，本句为感叹句，结构为：how+形容词+主语+谓语，feel是连系动词，主语the silk clothes为复数形式，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词要用原形。故选B。 58．Let’s ________ friends.. A．to be B．be C．being D．are 【答案】B 【详解】句意：让我们做朋友吧。 考查祈使句。Let’s...是一个祈使句的常用句型，意为“让我们……”，其后要接动词原形，所以此处应该用动词原形“be”，故选B。 59．Here ________ three photos of me. And here ________ a photo of my family. A．is; is B．are; is C．is; are D．are; are 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我的三张照片。这是我的全家福。   考查主谓一致。根据空后的“three photos of me”可知，第一空应用are；再根据“a photo of my family”是单数可知，第二空应用is。故选B。 60．—Why do you like the sweater? —Because it ________ nice. A．watches B．sounds C．sees D．looks 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你为什么喜欢这件毛衣? ——因为它看起来很好看。 考查动词辨析。watches观看；sounds听起来；sees看见；looks看起来。根据“Why do you like the sweater?”可知，毛衣看起来好看，look表示“看起来”。故选D。 61．Look! This ________ our national flag. There ________ five stars on it. A．is; is B．are; are C．is; are D．are; is 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看！这是我们的国旗。上面有五颗星。 考查be动词。第一空主语是this，be动词用is；第二空主语是stars，be动词用are。故选C。 62．—There are a lot of dark clouds in the sky and the wind is blowing strongly. —It ________ that a heavy rain is coming. A．feels B．sounds C．seems 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——天空中乌云密布，风刮得很大。——似乎要下大雨了。 考查动词辨析。feels感觉；sounds听起来；seems似乎。结合固定搭配“It seems that...看起来，似乎”可知，该空要填“seems”。故选C。 63．—What a beautiful place! The flowers ________ so good and the birds are singing. —Yes, you are right and lots of people come here to spend their weekends. A．taste B．sound C．smell D．feel 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——多么美丽的地方啊！花儿闻起来很香，鸟儿在歌唱。——是的，你说得对，很多人来这里度周末。考查感官动词辨析。taste尝起来；sound听起来；smell闻起来；feel感觉。根据“The flowers”可知，和花匹配的感官动词应是smell“闻起来”。故选C。 64．—How does the banana milk ________? —Great. I’d like to have another glass. A．smell B．taste C．look D．sound 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——香蕉奶昔品尝起来怎么样？——很棒。我想要再来一杯。 考查感官动词。smell闻起来；taste品尝；look看起来；sound听起来。根据“Great. I’d like to have another glass.”可知，这里是问蕉奶昔品尝起来怎么样，故选B。 65．This kind of paper is fantastic. It _________really soft like silk. A．smells B．sounds C．feels D．looks 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这种纸太棒了。它摸起来真的像丝绸一样柔软。 考查动词辨析。smells闻起来；sounds听起来；feels感觉；looks看起来。根据“really soft like silk”可知，摸起来像丝绸一样柔软，故选C。 66．When the little cat miaowed, it ________ a whisper. A．sounded B．sound C．sounded like D．sound like 【答案】C 【详解】句意：小猫喵喵叫时，听起来像耳语。 考查一般过去时。sounded听，一般过去时；sound听，动词原形；sounded like听起来像，一般过去时；sound like听起来像，一般现在时。此处描述的是过去发生的动作，空处应用一般过去时态；并且sound是系动词，后面不能接名词作宾语。故选C。 67．Mike ________ of medium height and he ________ short hair. A．is, is B．are, have C．has, has D．is, has 【答案】D 【详解】句意：迈克中等身高，留着短发。 考查be动词和一般现在时。is和are均是be动词，使用口诀“单数is复数are”；have有，动词原形；has有，动词三单。第一空考查短语be of medium height“中等身高”，主语Mike是单数，故用is。第二空主语是第三人称单数he，谓语动词变三单，故用has。故选D。 68．Alice ________ of medium build and ________ straight hair. A．has; has B．is; is C．has; is D．is; has 【答案】D 【详解】句意：爱丽丝中等身材，留着直发。 考查动词辨析。is是，系动词；has有，实义动词。be of medium build“中等身材”，固定短语；第二空后的“straight hair”是名词短语，作宾语，谓语用实义动词。故选D。 69．The fish ________ delicious. Could you please tell me how to cook it? A．tastes B．looks C．sounds 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这鱼尝起来很好吃。你能告诉我怎么做吗？ 考查系动词辨析。tastes品尝；looks看起来；sounds听起来。根据“The fish…delicious”可知，此处指鱼尝起来很美味。故选A。 70．—Mom, the fish ________ so good. —I’m very happy you like eating it, dear. A．looks B．sees C．tastes D．sounds 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈, 这条鱼尝起来味道很好。——我很高兴你喜欢吃, 亲爱的。 考查动词辨析。looks看起来；sees看见；tastes尝起来；sounds听起来。根据答句“I’m very happy you like eating it, dear.”可知, 前句句意是在夸奖这条鱼尝起来味道很好，所以填tastes符合语境。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit3 Food matters 单元语法（讲义） 知识梳理 一、概念 系动词（Linking verb），是用来辅助主语的动词。 ①本身有词义，不能单独做谓语，后面必须跟表语一起构成复合谓语 ②其后跟表语，构成系表结构说明主语的性质、特征、品性或状态 ③系动词的功能主要是把表语和它的主语联系在一起 二、分类及用法 1）表示状态即状态系动词，用来表示主语状态，只有be一词。 ①在现在时中，有am，is，are 三种形式， ②在过去时中，am和is 变成 was，are 变成 were。 ③be的现在分词形式为 being； ④过去分词形式为 been。 He was busy.他当时很忙。 The road is being under repair.路正在修。 I have been very busy these day. 这些天我一直很忙。 2）感官动词即感官系动词，表示感觉 look,feel, smell, sound, taste, This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布摸起来很软。 This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。 3）表持续即持续系动词，表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度。 keep, remain, stay,lie, stand, He always keeps silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。 This matter remains a mystery.此事仍是一个谜。 The peace remains stable.和平仍然稳定 4）表变化即变化系动词，表示主语变成什么样。 become, grow, turn, fall, get, go,come, run. The sky is becoming dark. 天越来越黑了 The fruit is getting ripe. 水果快熟了 She grew rich within a short time. 她没多长时间就富了。 5）表看起来即表像系动词，表示"看起来像" seem, appear, look, He looks tired.他看起来很累。 He seems (to be) very sad.他看起来很伤心。 6）表终止即终止系动词，表示主语已终止动作 prove（证实）, turn out,(变成） The rumor proved false.这谣言证实有假。 The search proved difficult.搜查证实很难。 His plan turned out a success.他的计划终 于成功了。（turn out表终止性结果） 三、系动词的特殊用法 1.感官系动词（look, sound, taste, smell, feel）这些动词既可以作系动词，也可以作实义动词。 作为系动词时： The cake tastes good.（蛋糕尝起来很好吃。） The music sounds beautiful.（音乐听起来很美。） 作为实义动词时： She looked at me.（她看着我。） He felt the blanket.（他摸了摸毯子。） 2.系动词的被动语态 有些系动词（如seem, appear, look, become等）没有被动语态，因为它们本身已经表示一种状态或变化，而不是动作的承受。 例如：He seems to be happy.（他似乎很高兴。）不能改为被动语态。 3.系动词的否定形式 系动词的否定形式通常在系动词后直接加not。 例如：He is not happy.（他不高兴。） 但是，有些系动词（如seem, appear）的否定形式可以有两种表达方式： He doesn’t seem happy.（他似乎不高兴。） He seems not happy.（他似乎不高兴。） 4.系动词+as if/as though+表语从句。 这些系动词有：look（看起来），smell（闻起来），sound（听起来），feel（觉得）； appear（看起来，同look、seem），seem（似乎）。 It looks as if we are going to have rain.看样子天要下雨了。 He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairy tales. 他看来好像刚从我的童话故事中走出来似的。 It seems as if it were summer already.好像已是夏天了。 5“It+ seem\appear +that从句” It appeared that he was talking to himself.好像他在自言自语。 6.be\ seem\ get\ look\ appear\ prove\ grow + 不定式to do （做表语） Her job is to look after the Disabled Person.她的工作是照料残疾人。 He seems not to look after the children.他似乎没有照顾孩子。 She looks to be a young girl of twenty year-old.她看起来像是一个20岁的年轻姑娘。 He didn’t appear to dislike it. 看不出他憎恨此事。 His behavior proved to be wrong.他的行为证明是错误的。 She will grow to like this work gradually.她会逐渐喜欢这个工作的。 7. there be + 系动词， 有三种句型。 第一种:"There+系动词be+主语"， 第二种:"There+系动词seem/remain+主语， There remains a lot of doubt about it.仍然有很多疑问。 There appeared to be only one room.那儿好像只有一个房间。 There seems ( to be ) something wrong about it.好像有点不大对头. 四、系动词与实义动词的区别 1.系动词： 不能单独作谓语，必须与表语一起使用。 表语通常是名词、形容词、介词短语等。 例如：He is a student.（他是一名学生。） 2.实义动词： 可以单独作谓语，表示动作或状态。 可以有宾语、宾语补足语等。 例如：He studies hard.（他学习很努力。） 总之，系动词在句子中起着重要的连接作用，通过与表语的搭配，可以清晰地表达主语的状态、特征、变化等信息。掌握系动词的分类和用法，有助于更准确地理解和使用英语。 即时训练 一、单项选择 1．Either you or I ________ right. A．is B．am C．are D．be 2．The fish on the plates ________. A．smells well B．msells well C．smells nice D．smell nice 3．A number of students ________ waiting for him in the playground. The number of them ________ two thousand. A．are; are B．is; is C．are; is D．is; are 4．The children ________ happy and excited when they saw the gifts. A．were B．was C．weren’t D．wasn’t 5．There ________ a lot of watery cabbage on the table, and the poor family ate it day after day. A．wasn’t B．were C．was D．weren’t 6．—Does the soup ________ nice? —Yes. It’s hot, but really delicious. A．sound B．feel C．look D．smell 7．—This pair of shoes ________ thirty dollars. What about yours? —My shoes ________ thirty-five dollars. A．are; is B．is; are C．are; are 8．—The fish ________ nice. You’re really a good cook. —Thanks. Try some, and you’ll like it more. A．cooks B．sounds C．tastes D．smells 9．—Look! There is a horse racing program on TV now. —Mmm, it ________ exciting. A．seems B．tastes C．feels D．watches 10．—3D printing can be used to build a house in less than 24 hours. —It ________ wonderful. It’s my first time getting to know this. A．sounds B．smells C．tastes D．hears 11．When the sun is ________, everything seems ________ golden. A．set; doing B．setting; being C．set; to be D．setting; to be 12．The food ________ the apple pie. It smells so_________. A．smells, good B．smells like, good C．smells, well D．smells like, well 13．Some chicken ________ on the plate. Some bananas ________ on the table. A．is; is B．is; are C．are; is D．are; are 14．There ________ some milk and eggs in the fridge. A．is B．are C．have D．has 15．—Why does the earth look blue in space? —Because most of the earth’s surface ________ with water. A．covers B．is covered C．cover D．are covered 16．The boy’s face ________ red when he talks to someone. A．goes B．gets C．turns D．grows 17．There ________ a post office and two restaurants in Livon neighborhood, A．is B．are C．has D．have 18．—_______ is the weather in Beijing? —_______ warm and sunny. A．What; It’s B．How; It’s C．How; It D．What; It 19．— Frank, it ________ that you know Shanxi well. — Of course. Shanxi is my hometown. A．seems B．looks C．feels D．smells 20．—Suzy, the juice smells ________ . —Keep it away from ants. They can smell things ________ . A．good; good B．good; well C．well; well D．well; good 21．The pizza ________ delicious. I want to have more. A．smells B．sounds C．feels D．looks 22．My sister ________ tall and she ________ long hair. A．is; has B．is; is C．has; is D．has; has 23．These animals ________ very important to us. We should protect them. A．am B．is C．are D．be 24．There ________ some water in the river. And there ________ some fish in it. A．is; is B．is; are C．are; is D．are; are 25．My first teacher was Mr Smith and he ________ very strict but nice then. A．was B．is C．are D．were 26．Look at the big window in my bedroom. Next to it _________ shelves full of my favourite toys. A．are B．is C．was D．were 27．The news ________ very interesting. A．are B．is C．sound D．look 28．We should always keep in mind that winning ________ not everything in a sports event. A．are B．is C．was D．were 29．What ________ you doing? I’m reading a book. A．is B．am C．are D．be 30．They ________ playing with the cat now. A．is B．am C．are D．be 31．The monkeys ______ very funny when they jump around. A．look B．looks C．looked D．looking 32．These ________ my animal friends. A．is B．are C．be 33．—Let’s join the music club. —________ A．That’s sounds good. B．That sounds well. C．That sounds good. D．That’s sounds well. 34．—Mom, may I have one more coffee please? It ________ really good. —Cindy, don’t drink too much iced coffee! It’s not good for you. A．looks B．smells C．tastes D．sounds 35．—________ you born in 2008? —Yes, I ________. A．Were; were B．Were; was C．Are; am D．Are; was 36．There ________ some water and apples on the table. A．is B．are C．has D．have 37．There ________ a pencil and many pens in Tom’s schoolbag. A．is B．are C．have 38．My pet dog ________ very smart. It can do many things. A．am B．is C．are D．be 39．Now it is April. In my hometown, Wuhan, the weather is ________ warmer and warmer. A．getting B．growing C．keeping D．remaining 40．Some potatoes ________ in the bag. Some beef ________ on the plate. A．is; is B．is; are C．are; is D．are; are 41．Both Lily and Tony ________ good at playing badminton. A．is B．are C．be D．will be 42．Both Lily and Tony _______ good at playing badminton. A．is B．are C．be D．am 43．—________ your classroom big or small? —It ________ big. A．Are; is B．Is; is C．Is; are D．Are; are 44．These books ________ very interesting. I’ll share them with my friends. A．is B．are C．was D．were 45．Here ________ some good news! Our store has a big sale, come and choose your favourite clothes. A．are B．is C．have D．has 46．—Have you seen (你曾看过) the movie Titanic, Wang Wei? —Yes. The music in it ________. A．looks great B．sounds great C．feels great 47．—Does John _________ from America? —No. He ________ from Beijing. A．come; is B．comes; is C．come; come D．comes; comes 48．The idea of camping sounds ________, especially on a clear, starry night. A．lovely B．beautifully C．politely D．softly 49．The trip ________ exciting to me. How I wish to go! A．sounds B．smells C．feels D．tastes 50．—Dad, ________ there any milk at home? —Yes. There ________ two cartons of milk in the fridge. A．is; are B．are; is C．is; is D．are; are 51．My mother often tells me this kind of milk ______ a little sweet. A．looks B．tastes C．turns D．feels 52．There ________ any oranges in the fridge now. But there ________ some orange juice. A．isn’t; are B．aren’t; is C．are; is 53．May I have some more fish? It ________ so delicious. A．feels B．smells C．tastes D．sounds 54．—______ you at home yesterday evening? —Yes, I ______ with my mother. A．Were; were B．Was; was C．Were; was D．Was; were 55．The whole story________ interesting. All the children like it. A．sounds B．feels C．turns D．gets 56．There ________ any bottles of juice in the fridge, but there ________ some tea in the kitchen. A．aren’t; are B．isn’t; are C．aren’t; is D．isn’t; is 57．How smooth the silk clothes ________! A．feels B．feel C．are feeling D．felt 58．Let’s ________ friends.. A．to be B．be C．being D．are 59．Here ________ three photos of me. And here ________ a photo of my family. A．is; is B．are; is C．is; are D．are; are 60．—Why do you like the sweater? —Because it ________ nice. A．watches B．sounds C．sees D．looks 61．Look! This ________ our national flag. There ________ five stars on it. A．is; is B．are; are C．is; are D．are; is 62．—There are a lot of dark clouds in the sky and the wind is blowing strongly. —It ________ that a heavy rain is coming. A．feels B．sounds C．seems 63．—What a beautiful place! The flowers ________ so good and the birds are singing. —Yes, you are right and lots of people come here to spend their weekends. A．taste B．sound C．smell D．feel 64．—How does the banana milk ________? —Great. I’d like to have another glass. A．smell B．taste C．look D．sound 65．This kind of paper is fantastic. It _________really soft like silk. A．smells B．sounds C．feels D．looks 66．When the little cat miaowed, it ________ a whisper. A．sounded B．sound C．sounded like D．sound like 67．Mike ________ of medium height and he ________ short hair. A．is, is B．are, have C．has, has D．is, has 68．Alice ________ of medium build and ________ straight hair. A．has; has B．is; is C．has; is D．is; has 69．The fish ________ delicious. Could you please tell me how to cook it? A．tastes B．looks C．sounds 70．—Mom, the fish ________ so good. —I’m very happy you like eating it, dear. A．looks B．sees C．tastes D．sounds 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$