Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Using language-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Using language Within the next 80 years，our lives may be changed beyond recognition by 3D printing.Many things in our lives ①have already been affected，right down to the food we eat.For instance, 3D­printed hamburgers ②have been served to customers in some restaurants in London.But perhaps the most significant success that ③has been achieved to date is in medicine.Human body parts，including a beating heart，④have been made with 3D printing technology.And it is not just humans that are benefiting—in Brazil，a new 3D­printed shell ⑤has been given to a turtle injured in a forest fire. 1．文中加黑部分是现在完成时的被动语态，其构成是have/has＋been done。 2．加黑部分动作的发出者不明确，因为不知道或没必要说出。 3．现在完成时的被动语态表示已经完成的动作，且主语是动作的承受者。加黑部分的动词与句子的主语之间是被动关系，表示“……已经被……”。 现在完成时的被动语态 一、现在完成时的被动语态的构成 肯定式 主语＋have/has been done... 否定式 主语＋have/has not been done... 一般疑问式 Have/Has＋主语＋been done...？ 特殊疑问式 疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done...？ ①The blackboard has been cleaned, hasn't it? 黑板已经擦过了，是吗？ ②His bad habits haven't been done away with. 他的坏习惯还没有改掉。 ③Has this bridge been finished? 这座桥竣工了吗？ ————即学即练1———— 根据提示完成句子 The children have already been told the good news. →The children haven't been told the good news yet.(变为否定句) →Have the children been told the good news yet？(变为一般疑问句) →Who has been told the good news yet？(对the children进行提问) 二、现在完成时的被动语态的概念 现在完成时的被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动动作，它有两层意思： (1)动作已经完成，强调对现在造成的影响或结果。 (2)主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系。如： ①Our classroom has been cleaned，you needn't clean it now. 我们的教室已经被打扫过，你现在没必要再打扫了。 ②These flowers have been watered，you can go home. 这些花已经浇过水了，你可以回家了。 三、现在完成时的被动语态的用法 1．用于不知道动作执行者是谁时 His bike has been stolen. 他的自行车被人偷了。(不清楚是被谁偷的) 2．用于动作执行者是泛指或不言自明时 Not a book in the library has been taken away. 图书馆里的书没有一本被人拿走。(没人拿书，泛指) 3．用于可以说出动作执行者但动作承受者是谈话中心或特别需要强调时 My watch has been repaired. 我的表修好了。(表修好了是谈话的主旨，是谁修好无关紧要，不必提及) 4．用于出于委婉、礼貌地提出意见而避免提及自己或对方时 Enough has been said here on this question. 关于这个问题，已经谈得不少了。(意思是说：大家不要再说了) 5．用于文章标题、广告、新闻等中(常用省略助动词be的被动语态) Road Blocked. 道路已被堵塞。(新闻报道，省略了助动词has been) 6．用于动作的执行者不是人时 The house has been washed away by the storm. 那栋房子已被暴风雨冲走了。 7．用于商务书信中书信起草人是以公司名义时 Your letter has been received. 来信已收到。 ————即学即练2———— 单句语法填空 ①A large amount of solar energy has been converted (convert) into electrical energy in the past few years. ②So far millions of pounds' worth of damage has been caused (cause) by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. ③Since 1949，the people's living standard has been raised (raise)，causing a big rise in population. ④When and where to go for the holiday has not been decided (not decide) yet. 四、使用现在完成时的被动语态时需要注意的问题 1．现在完成时的被动语态中包含have/has和been，两者缺一不可。 2．动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持完整性，不可省略动词短语中的介词或副词。 ①The orphan has been well looked after. 这个孤儿一直受到很好的照顾。 ②Recently environmental problems have been paid close attention to. 近来，环境问题已经得到了密切关注。 ③A way of dealing with it has been thought of by him. 他已经想出了处理这件事的方法。 3．被动语态的句子中的主语是行为动作的承受者。需要注意的是，并不是所有的动词或词组都有被动形式。如：happen，take place，break out，belong to，cost，last等不及物动词(词组)或表示状态的动词(词组)就没有被动形式。 ①The book costs 10 yuan. 这本书的价格是10元。 ②The house belongs to a rich man. 这房子是一个富人的。 4．带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，make，sing，write，read，sell，buy，pay，lend，pass，promise等，变为被动语态时，一般将间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前面要用相应的介词。 The company has given him a chance to work abroad recently. →He has been given a chance to work abroad recently (by the company). →A chance to work abroad has been given to him recently (by the company). ————即学即练3———— 单句语法填空 ①A new system has been devised (devise) to control traffic in the city. ②Customers are asked to make sure that they have been given (give) the right change before leaving the shop. ③Shakespeare's play Hamlet has been made (made) into at least ten different films over the past years. ④With a lot of progress made，great changes have taken (take) place in our school since 2016. 五、现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别 一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某时，其结果对现在无影响；而现在完成时的被动语态侧重于表示一个被动的动作尽管发生在过去，但对现在造成了影响或结果。 ①The big fire was put out two hours ago. 大火在两个小时前就被扑灭了。 ②The big fire has been put out. 大火已经被扑灭了。 ————即学即练4———— 将下面的句子变为被动语态 ①I asked her to help you. →She was asked to help you. ②We have planted many trees on the hill in the last 5 years. →Many trees have been planted on the hill in the last 5 years. ③He has sent me an e­mail. →I have been sent an e­mail. →An e­mail has been sent to me. beyond prep.无法……；超出(某个数量、水平或限度)；超出……的范围，非……可及 adv.在更远处；往更远处 beyond recognition 无法辨认 beyond doubt 无疑地；确定地 beyond description/expression/words 难以言表 beyond one's power 超出某人能力范围；为某人力所不能及 beyond one's imagination 超乎想象 beyond one's expectation 出乎意料，预料之外 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①My grandfather falls ill and I have to look after him in the hospital，which is beyond my expectation. ②听了她悲惨的故事，每个人都感动得无以言表。 Everybody was touched beyond words after hearing her miserable story. ③自从我上次到这里以来，这个小镇已经变得让人认不出来了。 The town has changed beyond recognition since I was last here. injure v．使受伤，弄伤 (1)injured adj.受伤的 the injured 伤者 (2)injury n．伤口，受伤处 do an injury to sb.＝do sb. an injury 伤害某人；加害于某人 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured (injure).(选自人教B1U4) ②尽管大卫受了重伤，但他并没有放弃，并继续跑步。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) David didn't give up and kept on running even though he was seriously injured． ③如果宠物狗对他人造成了伤害，狗的主人应该为此负责。 Dogs' owners should be responsible if their pet dogs injure/do an injury to other people. cure n．药剂；疗法；治愈；对策；措施 v．治愈，治疗 (1)a cure for... ……的疗法 beyond cure 不可救药 There is no cure for... 没有治愈……的办法，没有解决……的办法 (2)cure sb.of sth. 治愈某人(的病等)；纠正/消除某人(的弊病等) 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①In 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the disease.(选自译林B3U4) ②新鲜空气和定期锻炼治好了他的失眠，这令他感到欣慰。(心理描写) The fresh air and exercise regularly cured him of his sleeplessness，which made him feel relieved. ③尽管药物可以减缓病情的发展，但是这种病仍然是不治之症。(身体健康) There is no cure for the disease，although drugs can slow down its rate of development. 【点拨】　cure意为“治愈”时，侧重“治愈”的结果。treat意为“治疗”时，强调“治疗”的动作，可构成treat sb.for sth.结构。 due to 因为；由于 due adj.由于；预期；到期；应支付 be due to do sth. 预定/期做某事 be due to sb. 应付给/给予某人 be due for sth. 应有某物；应得到某物 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Even a thirty­minute run will provide relief from aches or tension that you may be suffering due to stress.(选自北师B1U2) ②这个荣誉主要归于你。要不是你的帮助和专业的指导，我们不可能做得这么出色。 The honour is mainly due to you．But for your help and professional instruction，we couldn't have done so brilliantly. ③我觉得我的爷爷之所以长寿而且精力充沛，一定是因为他拥有健康的生活方式。 I think my grandfather's long and active life must be due to the healthy life style he lives. 【点拨】　“因为；由于”荟萃： ①as a result of　②because of　③owing to　④thanks to　⑤on account of (时间：45分钟　满分：100分) 　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每空1.5分，共16.5分) 1．The street is named after the famous South African leader, Nelson Mandela. 2．Most of them turned up on time; only Tom arrived late due to the storm. 3．Nowadays, cycling, together with jogging and swimming, is recognised as one of the most all­round forms of exercise. 4．The discovery of the new drug is significant (significance) for people suffering from heart disease. 5．The original (origin) Venice Carnival came to an end about 200 years ago. 6．Honestly speaking, it's beyond my power to help you solve such a difficult problem. 7．It has helped me become stronger, both mentally (mental) and physically. 8．Professor Wang said the reason for shortsightedness is complicated and that there is still no excellent cure for it. 9．More than 100 famous films have been shown (show) in the city since July. 10．The injured were sent to the hospital nearby by the rescue team to treat their injuries． (injure) Ⅱ.链接写作——把下列句子改成被动句(每题3.5分，共17.5分) 1．Up to now, they have completed two­thirds of the project. →Up to now, two­thirds of the project has been completed by them. 2．The volunteers have sent a huge amount of teaching equipment to those primary schools. →A huge amount of teaching equipment has been sent to those primary schools by the volunteers. 3．Since its opening, the museum has attracted over 5 million visitors all over the world. →Since its opening, over 5 million visitors all over the world have been attracted by the museum. 4．James has collected more than 2，000 dollars in the past five months. →More than 2，000 dollars has been collected by James in the past five months. 5．The researchers have programmed those robots to teach math lessons and answer questions in different languages. →Those robots have been programmed by the researchers to teach math lessons and answer questions in different languages. Ⅲ.链接写作——完成语段(每题2分，共10分) The world has been turned upside down since the invention of the Internet and the introduction of personal computers.The twin inventions of the personal computer and the Internet 1.are/have been considered (被认为) to be among the most important events of the last century. Shopping 2.has been changed (被改变) completely by now.More and more people order things from clothes to toys to foods online which 3.are delivered directly to their homes (直接送货上门).In addition，social communication 4.has been taken over (已经被接管) by the Internet.Games，music，movies and so on 5.have been influenced (受到影响) by the Internet during the last decades. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题4分，共16分) Kids and science seem to be made for each other! The basic science is a combination of thought and experiment called the scientific method.It's where you start with an idea，create a way to prove or disprove your idea，and show what you learned based on facts.Learning to follow this process helps you think logically and carefully.These important thinking skills can be used in many areas of study.To give a child practice with these thinking skills is like giving vitamins to a developing mind. One of the greatest things we can teach our children is to love learning.Learning science is a great way to do so.Children are easy to be interested in science.Because much of science is hands­on，it attracts most children.Nothing makes a child sit up and take notice like the “WOW！” of a great science showing. Science opens doors to many subjects at school.Building love for science can be helpful in other areas of study.For example，one cannot love science for very long without becoming good at its language—math! So science encourages children to study math.An interest in science is an interest in how things were once understood compared to how they are understood now.Thus studying science lends itself easily to studying history.And after you do an experiment，you need to write a lab report.Therefore，writing becomes an important part of science. Science is the basic thing for much of our life.The science of farming shows how our food is produced；biomedical science keeps us healthy；even our beds these days are designed according to scientific facts.We almost eat，sleep and breathe with the help of science! When we prepare the next generation of voters，creators and policy makers，it is important to make sure they are not only comfortable but also good at science. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了孩子学习科学的重要性和各种益处。 1．According to Paragraph 2，what does learning the scientific method mean to kids? A．Learning to do experiments. B．Learning many areas of study. C．Helping them develop thinking skills. D．Refusing any ideas that are not logical. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中“Learning to follow this process helps you think logically and carefully.”可知，学习科学方法意味着帮助孩子们发展思考能力。故选C。 2．Which of the following statements would the author agree with? A．Science is too difficult for children. B．Children usually consider science boring. C．Science can arouse children's interest in learning. D.Children who are careless shouldn't learn science. 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第三段前三句可推知，作者认为科学可以激发孩子们的学习兴趣。故选C。 3．What happens to a child who works hard at science at school? A．He usually has no time for other subjects. B．He usually loses interest in other activities. C．He is usually bad at such subjects like history. D．He is likely to learn many other subjects well. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第四段中“Science opens doors to many subjects at school.Building love for science can be helpful in other areas of study.”以及后面所举实例可知，一个在学校努力学习科学的孩子会学好许多其他科目。故选D。 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．Why Kids Should Learn Science B．Why Science Is Important C．How Kids Can Make Use of Science D．What Kids Should Learn at School 解析：选A。标题归纳题。通读全文，根据第三、四段及全文内容可知，本文主要谈论了孩子学习科学的重要性和各种益处，选项A“为什么孩子应该学习科学”符合文章主旨，适合作标题。故选A。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每题2分，共30分) When 15­year­old Amy began working on her family's farm in the early morning, she was greeted by a rare sight—an extremely large eagle with a broken leg.“He was 1 and trying to fly, which panicked me a little because he was the 2 of my sheepdog，”she said.“I'm seriously not a bird person.I can 3 cows that weigh nearly a ton but won't go near a bird, I won't even go near chickens.” Seeing the bird 4 in trouble, Amy quickly called for help. 5 her own fear of birds, she was sad to see a local eagle hurt.“I rang my mum immediately.I couldn't 6 him there.I felt really bad for him because he was all wet and cold，” Amy said. Since the eagle was living in a nest on Amy's farm, he has 7 the teenager.But 8 the rescuers from Wildlife Rescue South Coast arrived, he gathered all of his 9 to give them a good chase, alert (警惕的) to the new people.Rescuer Amara Mohan immediately noticed the eagle had broken his leg, and after three hours of struggling he was finally 10 and eventually taken to Sydney's Small Animal Specialist Hospital for a (an) 11 ．A pin and plate were put in his left 12 ，a delicate operation on such a small bone. Ms.Mohan said that after the operation, the eagle was 13 well at Raptor Recovery Australia.“He is really bright; he's using his right leg and putting more 14 on it now，” Ms.Mohan said.Amy hopes all is going well and the eagle can be returned to her family's farm.“I've done a lot of 15 things on the farm—saving the eagle is one of them.” She said. [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了15岁的女孩Amy虽然不喜欢鸟类，但还是尽力拯救一只腿部受伤的老鹰的故事。 1． A．defending B．attacking C．struggling D．jumping 解析：选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：“它在挣扎，试图飞翔，这让我有点恐慌，因为它和我的牧羊犬一样大。”defending保卫；保护；attacking袭击；struggling挣扎；努力；jumping跳跃。根据空前“an extremely large eagle with a broken leg”以及空后“and trying to fly”可知，这只受伤的鹰挣扎着想要飞翔。故选C。 2． A．size B．name C．shape D．scent 解析：选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：“它在挣扎，试图飞翔，这让我有点恐慌，因为它和我的牧羊犬一样大。”size尺寸；型号；name名字；shape形状；scent香味。根据前文“she was greeted by a rare sight—an extremely large eagle”以及空后“of my sheepdog”可知，鹰的体型同牧羊犬一样大。故选A。 3． A．look into B．look through C．look after D．look around 解析：选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我真的不是一个喜欢鸟的人。我可以照看近一吨重的奶牛，但我不会靠近鸟，我甚至不会靠近鸡。”look into调查；look through浏览；look after照顾；look around环顾。根据后文“but won't go near a bird, I won't even go near chickens”可知，她不会靠近鸟，but表转折，说明会靠近奶牛，照料奶牛。故选C。 4． A．exceptionally B．obviously C．absolutely D． additionally 解析：选B。考查副词词义辨析。句意：看到这只鸟明显遇到了麻烦，Amy赶紧呼救。exceptionally异常地；特殊地；obviously明显地；absolutely绝对地；additionally此外。根据前文“an extremely large eagle with a broken leg.He was 1 and trying to fly”可知，鹰明显遇到了麻烦。故选B。 5． A．Besides B．Except C．Despite D．Beneath 解析：选C。考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管她自己也害怕鸟类，但当看到一只鹰受伤了，她很伤心。Besides除……之外还有；Except除……之外；Despite尽管；Beneath在……下面。根据空后“her own fear of birds, she was sad to see a local eagle hurt”可知，虽然对鸟儿很害怕，但是看到鸟儿受伤Amy还是很伤心，此处表示一种让步。故填C。 6． A．make B．cure C．treat D．leave 解析：选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能把它留在那里。make制作；使；cure治愈；treat对待；leave留下。根据前文“I rang my mum immediately”以及后文“Since the eagle was living in a nest on Amy's farm”可知，Amy没有对这只鹰置之不理，而是给妈妈打了电话将它带回了家。故选D。 7． A．loved B．trusted C．attracted D．threatened 解析：选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：老鹰自从住在Amy农场的巢穴里以来，就已经信任这个青少年了。loved热爱；trusted相信；attracted吸引；threatened恐吓。根据前文“Since the eagle was living in a nest on Amy's farm, he has 7 the teenager”以及后文“But 8 the rescuers from Wildlife Rescue South Coast arrived, he gathered all of his 9 to give them a good chase, alert (警惕的) to the new people.”可知，鹰对于营救人员很警惕，而对于Amy，态度却是截然不同的。故选B。 8． A．as far as B．as long as C．as soon as D．as much as 解析：选C。考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：但当南海岸的野生动物救援人员到达时，它就把所有的精力都集中在他们身上，对陌生人保持警惕。as far as就……而言；as long as只要；as soon as一……就……；as much as同……一样多。根据空后“the rescuers from Wildlife Rescue South Coast arrived, he gathered all of his 9 to give them a good chase, alert (警惕的) to the new people”可知，救援人员一到达，鹰的表现就完全不同了。故选C。 9． A．courage B．power C．force D．energy 解析：选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当南海岸的野生动物救援人员到达时，它就把所有的精力都集中在他们身上，对陌生人保持警惕。courage勇气；power权力；force力量；energy能量；精力。根据空后“to give them a good chase, alert (警惕的) to the new people”可知，这只鹰对救援人员很警惕，此处表示集中精力，gather one's energy“集中精力”，固定搭配。故选D。 10．A．caught B．killed C．hurt D．injured 解析：选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：救援人员Amara Mohan立即发现这只鹰摔断了腿，经过3个小时的挣扎，它终于被抓住了，并被送往悉尼小动物专科医院做手术。caught 抓住；killed杀死；hurt伤害；injured受伤。根据空后“eventually taken to Sydney's Small Animal Specialist Hospital for a (an) 11 ”可知，鹰最终被抓住并被送往了医院。故选A。 11．A．relief B．campaign C．mission D．operation 解析：选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：救援人员Amara Mohan立即发现这只鹰摔断了腿，经过3个小时的挣扎，它终于被抓住了，并被送往悉尼小动物专科医院做手术。relief欣慰；campaign运动；mission使命；operation手术。根据后文“A pin and plate were put in his left 12 ， a delicate operation on such a small bone.”可知，鹰做了手术。故选D。 12．A．arm B．wing C．leg D．feather 解析：选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：一枚钢钉和一块钢板被植入了它的左腿，在这么小的一块骨头上进行了一次精细的手术。arm胳膊；wing翅膀；leg腿；feather羽毛。根据前文“Rescuer Amara Mohan immediately noticed the eagle had broken his leg”可知，是在左腿做了手术。故选C。 13．A．recovering B．turning C．controlling D．arranging 解析：选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：莫汉女士说，手术后，这只鹰在澳大利亚猛禽康复中心恢复得很好。recovering恢复；turning 转动；旋转；controlling控制；arranging安排。根据后文“Amy hopes all is going well and the eagle can be returned to her family's farm”可知，鹰恢复得很好。故选A。 14．A．gravity B．pressure C．treatment D．weight 解析：选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：“它真的很聪明；它现在用的是右腿，而且把更多的重量放在了右腿上。”莫汉说。gravity引力；pressure 压力；treatment治疗；对待；weight体重。根据空前“he's using his right leg and putting more”可知，鹰将更多的重量放在了右腿上。故选D。 15．A．core B．amusing C．fantastic D．unfortunate 解析：选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我在农场做了很多了不起的事情——拯救老鹰就是其中之一。”她说。core 核心的；主要的；amusing有趣的；fantastic极好的；了不起的；unfortunate不幸的。根据后文的“saving the eagle is one of them”可知，拯救老鹰是一件了不起的事情。故选C。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每题1分，共10分) The invention of steam power goes all the way back to the 1 700s when it 1. (use) to power many different machines and helped fuel the Industrial Revolution.Over the years, steam has been replaced by other fuel systems to power everything from homes to cars to industrial 2. (equip). Now, some scientists are trying to apply steam power 3. one of today's most highly technical 4. (activity)—space exploration.5. space robot model named The World Is Not Enough is being tested, which they call WINE for short.The spacecraft is designed to travel 6. (repeated) between space rocks and planets throughout the solar system.When the spacecraft lands on these space objects, it has tools 7. (search) for and collect water below the surface.WINE can then heat the water to create steam to power the spacecraft to 8. (it) next space stop.Besides, WINE is equipped to gather and use solar energy.A company built the model and tested it, 9. (say) spacecrafts like WINE have the potential to change how we explore the universe.It is believed 10. the technology could open up limitless space exploration. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了蒸汽动力在过去及现在的用途。 1．解析：was used。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：蒸汽动力的发明可以追溯到18世纪，当时蒸汽动力被用于驱动许多不同的机器，并帮助推动了工业革命。分析句子结构，空处作从句谓语，根据句中helped可知，从句使用一般过去时，use与主语it之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是it，be动词应用was。故填was used。 2．解析：equipment。考查名词。句意：多年来，蒸汽已被其他燃料系统所取代，为从家庭到汽车到工业设备的一切事物提供动力。空前industrial是形容词，作定语修饰名词，所以空处应用名词equipment，表示“设备”，为不可数名词。故填equipment。 3．解析：to。考查介词。句意：现在，一些科学家正努力将蒸汽动力应用于当今技术含量最高的活动之一——太空探索。apply sth.to sth.为固定短语，表示“应用”，所以空处应用介词to。故填to。 4．解析：activities。考查名词。句意：现在，一些科学家正努力将蒸汽动力应用于当今技术含量最高的活动之一——太空探索。“one of＋复数可数名词”表示“……之一”，所以空处应用名词的复数形式。故填activities。 5．解析：A。考查冠词。句意：一个名为“世界如此渺小”的太空机器人模型正在测试中，他们将其简称为WINE。此处表示一个太空机器人，空处应用不定冠词表示泛指，space是辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用a，置于句首，首字母大写。故填A。 6．解析：repeatedly。考查副词。句意：该航天器设计用于在整个太阳系的太空岩石和行星之间反复飞行。空处修饰动词travel，应用副词形式作状语。故填repeatedly。 7．解析：to search。考查非谓语动词。句意：当航天器降落在这些空间物体上时，它有工具来搜索和收集表面以下的水。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，应用不定式形式表示将要发生的动作，作tools的后置定语。故填to search。 8．解析：its。考查代词。句意：之后，WINE可以加热水，产生蒸汽，为航天器到下一个太空站提供动力。结合语意，此处表示航天器到达它的下一个空间站，空处应用形容词性物主代词its表示“它的”。故填its。 9．解析：saying。考查非谓语动词。句意：一家公司制造了该模型并进行了测试，称像WINE这样的航天器有可能改变我们探索宇宙的方式。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，say与逻辑主语A company之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填saying。 10．解析：that。考查主语从句。句意：人们相信这项技术可以开辟无限的太空探索。分析句子结构，句首It为形式主语，空处引导主语从句，从句成分和意义都完整，空处应用that引导从句，作真正的主语。故填that。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$