Module 3 Journey to space 单元培优卷-2024 - 2025学年八年级下册英语外研版

参考答案及试题解析 第1部分 选择题 1、 单项选择 1．C 【详解】句意：杰克因为游泳比赛而情绪高涨。 考查介词辨析与固定短语的搭配。on在……上面；at用于具体的地点或位置； in在……里面。in high spirits是固定搭配，表示“情绪高涨”。故选C。 2．B 【详解】句意：当飞机穿过云层降落时，绿色的田野和白色的房子映入眼帘。 考查名词辨析。light光线；sight视力，看见；eyes眼睛；effect影响。come into sight为固定搭配，意为“映入眼帘，被看见”，符合句意。故选B。 3．B 【详解】句意：令我们惊讶的是，她对音乐表现出极大的兴趣。 考查介词辨析。In在……里；to到；about关于；on在……上。固定短语To one’s surprise表示“令某人惊讶的是”，故第一个空填To；动词短语show interest in表示“对……表现出兴趣”，故第二个空填in。故选B。 4．D 【详解】句意：Jimmy在高尔夫上花了很多钱，他的钱几乎用完了。 考查介词辨析和动词短语。in在……里；on在……上；ran out用尽，主语通常为人；ran out of用尽，后要接宾语，主语通常为物。根据“Jimmy spent a large number of money...golf”可知，“spend+金钱+on sth.”表示“在某事上花费……钱”，故第一空应用on；根据“and his money almost”可知，这里“his money”（他的钱）作主语，是物，所以要用ran out。故选D。 5．C 【详解】句意：——请问你能给我们讲讲关于学校演出的一些事情吗？——当然。它包含了来自不同学校社团的艺术作品，都有自己的风格。 考查代词用法。every每个的；either两者中的任何一个；each每个，各自；none没有一个。every后面需要接名词，不能单独使用；根据different school clubs可知，数量超过两个，either不符合题意；each可作代词，可以单独使用，也可以和of连用，each with their own style是独立主格结构，相当于each of them has their own style；none是对三者或三者以上的否定。故选C。 6．B 【详解】句意：——最近有哪些电影在上映？——嗯，电影《我和我的家乡》是我看过的最激动人心的电影。 考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，修饰事物；that引导定语从句，先行词表示人和事物；what引导名词性从句。此处是定语从句，先行词前有形容词最高级修饰，用that引导定与从句。故选B。 7．C 【详解】句意：我们发现在短时间内学好一门外语是不可能的。 考查it的用法及非谓语动词。that那，那个； to learn学，动词不定式；one一；it它；learning现在分词或动名词形式。find it+形容词+for sb. to do sth.表示“发现对某人来说做某事是……的”，固定句式，其中it为形式宾语，不定式为真正的宾语。故选C。 8．A 【详解】句意：——中国的人口比美国的人口多得多，对吗？——没错。 考查代词用法。that那个；it它；those那些；one一个。空处为代词指代美国的人口，表示单数意义，与上文提到的事物是同类，要用that。故选A。 9．D 【详解】句意：——你妹妹读完了吗？——是的，读完了。她已经完成了。 考查副词辨析。yet用于疑问句和否定句，放在句尾；already多用于肯定句。第一句为疑问句用yet；第二句为肯定句用already。故选D。 10．C 【详解】句意：——你想喝什么，咖啡还是果汁？——都不喝。请给我零糖可乐。 考查不定代词辨析。Either两者中的任何一个；Both两者都；Neither两者都不；None没有。根据答句“Give me some zero-sugar cola, please.”可知，说话者既不选择咖啡也不选择果汁，即两个都没选。故选C。 11．C 【详解】句意：我们被告知，鞋子的颜色应该与学校规定的西装颜色相匹配。 考查不定代词。one一个，表泛指，指代可数名词单数；ones一类，表泛指，指代可数名词复数；that那个，指前文出现过的；those那些，代指复数。根据句子“We have been told that the color of the shoes should match...of the suit in our school.”可知，空格处需要指代的是“the color”颜色，这是一个单数名词。因此，应用 that 来指代“the color”。故选C。 12．A 【详解】句意：—— 智能手机使得人们分享信息变得更加容易和快捷。—— 我完全同意。科技以人们的需求为中心，对吗？ 考查代词。it它；that那个；us我们；them他们/她们/它们。句中“make”是使役动词，“make it+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”是固定结构，其中“it”作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的“to do sth.”即“to share information”，“easier and faster” 是形容词作宾语补足语。故选A。 13．D 【详解】句意：——我已经完成了作业。你呢？——不，还没有。我还需要一个小时。 考查副词辨析。already已经，用于肯定句；yet还，用于否定句。根据分析句子可知，第一空是肯定句，故用already。第二空是否定句，故用yet。故选D。 14．D 【详解】句意：我和我的朋友对画画很感兴趣，但我们俩都不擅长画画。 考查代词辨析。either两者中任一个；both两者都；none三者或者三者以上都不；neither两者都不。由“My friend and I”可知，我和朋友是两个人，but表示转折，说明两个人都不擅长。故选D。 15．B 【详解】句意：汤姆和他的父母都很喜欢游泳，但是他们中没有人擅长滑冰。 考查不定代词辨析。neither两者都不；none三者或三者以上都不；either两者之一；both两者都。根据“Tom and his parents”可知，此处是三者，所以应该用none。故选B。 2、 完型填空 16．A 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．B 21．A 22．D 23．C 24．A 25．A 26．B 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了埃及金字塔的历史以及科学家们对它的研究。 16．句意：许多金字塔至今仍保存在埃及尼罗河沿岸供我们参观和研究。 to see看见，动词不定式；seeing看见，动名词；saw看见，动词过去式；sees看见，动词第三人称单数形式。根据“Many of the pyramids still survive along the Nile River in Egypt today for us ...”可知，设空处的单词与“and study”在句中作目的状语，因此用动词不定式形式，故选A。 17．句意：它们是谁建造的？ they他/她/它们，人称代词主格；them他/她/它们，人称代词宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词。本句中的“built”是动词，其后接代词的宾格形式“them”作宾语，指代前文提到的“pyramids”。故选B。 18．句意：几千年前，埃及的一些国王创建了金字塔。 Thousands with搭配错误；Thousand with搭配错误；Thousands of数以千计的；Thousand of搭配错误。此处应填Thousands of“数以千计的”，故选C。 19．句意：他们把金字塔建造成了坟墓。 built建造，动词过去式；building建造，现在分词；build建造，动词原形；are building建造，现在进行时。根据文章可知，时态是一般过去时，因此设空处填动词的过去式，故选A。 20．句意：他们认为金字塔将会帮助人们记住他们是重要人物。 will将；would将，will的过去式；should应该；may可以。根据文章可知，时态是一般过去时；结合“They thought the pyramids ... help people remember them as important persons.”可知，此处表达“将会”，故选B。 21．句意：据我们所知，最古老的金字塔大约有5000年的历史。 is单数；are复数；was单数，过去式；were复数，过去式。根据“today”可知，时态是一般现在时，主语“The oldest pyramid”是单数，动词要用“is”，故选A。 22．句意：最大的金字塔是胡夫金字塔。 Large大的；Larger更大的；Largest最大的；The largest最大的。根据“Some of them are huge.”及后文的描述可知，设空处需填形容词最高级，而形容词最高级通常与定冠词the连用，故选D。 23．句意：它高约144米，是由230万石头建成的。 from来自；by通过；of 属于；with和、有。根据“it is made ... 2,300,000 stones”可知，本句中的“stone”是可以辨认的原材料，因此用be made of，表示制成成品后，仍可看出原材料是什么，保留原材料的质和形状，制作过程仅发生物理变化，故选C。 24．句意：这些石头又大又重。 very非常；such如此；much很多；too太。根据“big and heavy”可知，空后是形容词，用“very”修饰，故选A。 25．句意：它们中的大多数比一个人还高。 a是不定冠词，泛指，常用在辅音音素开头的单词之前；an是不定冠词，泛指，常用在元音音素开头的单词之前；the是定冠词，特指； /零冠词。根据“person”以及句意可知，此处为泛指，且“person”是以辅音音素开头的单词，故填不定冠词a，故选A。 26．句意：每年都有来自世界各地的游客前来参观。 came来，动词过去式；come来，动词原形；comes来，动词第三人称单数形式；are coming正在来，现在进行时。根据“Every year”可知，时态是一般现在时，主语“travellers”是复数，动词要用原形。故选B。 27．句意：他们是怎么搬动和抬起大石头的？ What什么；How如何；Which哪个；Who谁。根据“... did they carry and lift up the large stones?”及句意可知，此处表达“他们是怎么搬动和抬起大石头的？”，故选B。 28．句意：每块石头都与另外一块如此吻合，但人们根本没有现代的机器！ so所以；if如果；but但是；because因为。根据“Each stone fits with one another so well, ... the people didn’t have modern machines at all!”可知，前后句是转折关系，故选C。 29．句意：现在科学家们正在努力研究金字塔。 hard努力的（地）；hardly几乎不；harder更努力的（地）；more hardly错误表达。根据“Now scientists are working ... to study the pyramids.”可知，此处表达“现在科学家们正在努力研究金字塔”，需用副词修饰动词“working”。故选A。 30．句意：然而，没有人能够说出来古人是如何建立起它们的。 somebody某人；anybody任何人；everybody每个人；nobody没有人。根据上文提到现在科学家们正在努力研究金字塔，以及全文的描述可知，设空处表达“没有人”，故选D。 3、 阅读单选 （A）、31．D 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了宣纸的历史、特点、制作过程以及产地宣城的情况。 31．细节理解题。根据“Dating back to more than 1,200 years ago, Xuan paper has always been liked by Chinese.”可知，宣纸有超过1200年的历史。故选D。 32．细节理解题。根据“So Xuan paper became popular for showing traditional Chinese words and ink paintings.”可知，宣纸最适合用于中国传统水墨画。故选B。 33．推理判断题。根据“It may take 80 workers more than a year to finish the hard task.”可知，制作宣纸的工人需要付出大量的努力，因此他们可能是勤劳的。故选A。 34．细节理解题。根据“It is a place with warm weather, a lot of rain and clear river.”可知，宣城的气候温暖、雨水充沛且河流清澈。故选C。 35．主旨大意题。全文主要介绍了宣纸的历史、特点、制作过程以及产地宣城的情况，因此文章主要是对宣纸的介绍。故选D。 （B）、36．D 37．A 38．C 39．B 40．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些关于青春期的信息。 36．细节理解题。根据“Adolescence is a difficult process (过程) for teenagers. The reason is that both their minds and bodies make great changes.”可知，青春期对青少年来说是一个艰难的过程，因为青少年的思想和身体都会发生变化。故选D。 37．细节理解题。根据“They are also easily angry with others”可知，男孩在青春期很容易生气。故选A。 38．词句猜测题。根据“Teenage girls sometimes lose confidence (信心) in themselves. They aren’t sure about their own feelings”可知，青春期的女孩有时会对自己失去信心，她们不确定自己的感受，由此可知此处指女孩的“性格”发展与男孩不同，“personality”是“性格”的意思。故选C。 39．主旨大意题。根据“We can do a lot to care for and help teenagers.”和整段内容可知，此段主要是作者给出的如何照顾和帮助青少年的建议。故选B。 40．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一些关于青春期的信息。故选D。 （C）、41．D 42．C 43．C 44．B 45．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍人体需要“燃料”来提供能量。 41．推理判断题。根据第二段“To raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1℃ needs one calorie.”可知，一克的水升温一摄氏度需要一卡热量，因此五克的水从35摄氏度升温到90摄氏度，需要5×(90-35)=275卡路里。故选D。 42．推理判断题。根据第三段“Carbohydrate provides 3.8 Cal /gm of the energy, protein 4.0 Cal/gm, and fat 8.8 Cal/gm”可知单位质量的脂肪比其他两者所提供的热量要高。由最后一段的饼图比例可知，单位质量的花生含的脂肪占比60%，是最多的，因此提供的热量最高，卡路里的量最大。故选C。 43．细节理解题。根据表格可知，农民每天消耗3600卡路里的能量，在这些人中农民每天消耗的是最多。故选C。 44．细节理解题。根据表格可知，一个8岁的孩子每天需要的热量和一个70多岁的男人一样多，都是2100卡路里。故选B。 45．主旨大意题。根据“The human (人类) body needs energy, which is provided by the food we eat.”可知，文章主要讲述了人体需要“燃料”来提供能量。故选B。 第2部分 非选择题 4、 词汇应用 46．impossible 【详解】句意：要让所有人都满意似乎是不可能的。impossible“不可能的”，形容词作表语。故填impossible。 47．impossible 【详解】句意：只要你用心，没有什么是不可能的。根据“if you put your heart into it”可知，如果你用心，没有什么是不可能的，impossible“不可能的”，形容词作表语。故填impossible。 48．environment 【详解】句意：保护环境对我们所有人都极为重要。根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处考查environment“环境”，名词，the care of the environment意为“对环境的保护”。故填environment。 49．(a)stronauts 【详解】句意：杨利伟是中国最伟大的宇航员之一。astronaut“宇航员”，名词；one of后跟名词复数。故填(a)stronauts。 50．communicating 【详解】句意：汤米不善于与同学交流。communicate“交流”，be good at doing sth“擅长做某事”，故填communicating。 51．(g)roup 【详解】句意：以一个团队合作可以更容易地解决问题。group“团队”，空前有a，用单数。故填(g)roup。 52．lighter 【详解】句意：玛丽瘦了很多，比以前轻了三公斤。light“轻的”，根据“than”可知，此处用比较级，故填lighter。 53．communicating 【详解】句意：这个人很难和外国人交流，因为他不会说英语。communicate“交流”，动词；have difficulty doing sth.“做某事有困难”，固定词组。故填communicating。 54．to reach 【详解】句意：汤米喜欢打篮球，虽然他不够高，够不着篮筐。enough to do sth.“足够做某事”，固定用法，空处用不定式作结果状语。故填to reach。 55．communicating 【详解】句意：因为考试失败，她不想和任何人沟通。“feel like doing sth.”表示“不想做某事”，因此此处应用“communicate”的动名词“communicating”，作宾语。故填communicating。 5、 完成句子 56．impossible long 【详解】根据汉语意思，该句也可表达为“没有什么是不可能的，只要我们尽力”；impossible“不可能的”，形容词作表语；as long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。故填impossible；long。 57．solar 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少了“太阳系”，solar“太阳的”，形容词作定语，the solar system“太阳系”。故填solar。 58．impossible to finish/impossible to complete 【详解】分析句子结构可知，本句为it is+adj.+to do sth.的结构，意为“做某事是怎么样的”；impossible“不可能的”，形容词；finish/complete“完成”，动词。故填impossible to finish/complete。 59．environment 【详解】根据中文提示可知，environment“环境”，名词，放于谓语动词need后作宾语。故填environment。 60．(that) we saw/(which) we saw in the shape of 【详解】根据“last time”可知，时态为一般过去时，we saw我们看见，作定语修饰the hotel，指物，关系代词用that或which，也可以省略，in the shape of……形状，介词短语。故填(that/which) we saw；in the shape of。 6、 短文首字母填空 61．(i)nteresting 62．(d)isppear 63．(O)nly 64．(r)eaches 65．(t)akes 66．(h)otel 67．(r)ealizing 【导语】本文通过分析流行明星的生活和收入，揭示了明星背后的艰辛和努力。 61．句意：他们认为：流行明星赚很多钱；他们过着有趣而刺激的生活；成千上万的粉丝崇拜他们；他们变得出名。根据“they lead…and exciting lives”和首字母可知，此处表达有趣而刺激，interesting“有趣的”，形容词，与and后的形容词exciting并列。故填(i)nteresting。 62．句意：许多组合几乎一夜之间出现又消失。根据“Groups appear and…almost overnight.”和首字母可知，此处表达出现又消失，disppear“消失”，动词，与and后appear并列。故填(d)isppear。 63．句意：只有少数组合能留下来。根据“…a small number stay.”和首字母可知，此处表达只有少数组合能留下来，only“仅仅，只有”符合句意。故填(O)nly。 64．句意：但很少有人能达到顶峰并留在那里。根据“But very few…the top and stay there.”和首字母可知，此处表达达到顶峰，reach“到达”，主语very few是复数，动词用原形。故填(r)each。 65．句意：他是他们生活中的关键人物，他拿走他们收入的20%，甚至更多。根据“He is the key person in their lives and he…about 20% if their earnings perhaps more.”和首字母可知，此处表达拿走他们收入的20%，takes“拿走”，主语he第三人称单数，动词用单三。故填(t)akes。 66．句意：有时他们甚至睡在车里而不是酒店，只是为了省钱。根据“At times they even sleep in their van instead of a…just to save money.”和首字母可知，此处表达睡在车里而不是酒店，hotel“酒店”符合句意。故填(h)otel。 67．句意：无论你是谁，如果你想成功实现梦想，你必须努力工作。根据“No matter who you are, if you want to succeed in…your dream, you have to work hard.”和首字母可知，此处表达成功实现梦想，realizing“实现”，介词in后跟动名词形式。故填(r)ealizing。 七、材料作文 68．例文 I Want to Be an Astronaut I’m Wang Zhi. I want to be an astronaut when I grow up. Because I want to walk in space like Nie Haisheng. I want to fly a spaceship to the moon. And I want to live on the moon. But I know I can’t do that without working hard. So I must study hard now. And I must do exercise every day. I hope my dream can come true one day. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏表格中给出的关键信息，写短文谈谈自己想成为一名宇航员的愿望、原因及如何做。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明想要成为一名宇航员，并谈谈有这个愿望的原因及打算为实现愿望做些什么； 第二步，希望梦想成真。 [亮点词汇] ①want to do sth. 想要做某事 ②work hard 努力工作 ③do exercise 做运动 [高分句型] But I know I can’t do that without working hard.（省略that的宾语从句） 答案第1页（共10页） 答案第1页（共10页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024 - 2025学年八年级下册英语外研版Module 3 Journey to space 单元培优卷 注意事项 1. 全卷满分100分。考试时间90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。 2. 请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。 3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效 。 第一部分 选择题（满分：45分） 一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） ( )1．Jack was ________ high spirits because of the swimming game. A．on B．at C．in ( )2．As the plane came down through the clouds, green fields and white houses came ________. A．light B．sight C．eyes D．effect ( )3．________ our surprise, she showed great interest ________ music. A．In; to B．To; in C．At; about D．On; at ( )4．Jimmy spent a large number of money ________ golf, and his money almost ________. A．in; ran out B．on; ran out of C．in; ran out of D．on; ran out ( )5．—Could you please tell us something about the school show? —Sure. It includes art works from different school clubs, ________ with their own style. A．every B．either C．each D．none ( )6．—Which movies are playing these days? —Well, the film “My People, My Homeland” is the most exciting one ________ I have ever seen. A．which B．that C．what ( )7．We find ________ impossible for us ________a foreign language well in a short time. A．that; to learn B．one; learn C．it; to learn D．it; learning ( )8．—The population of China is much larger than ________ of America, right? —So it is. A．that B．it C．those D．one ( )9．—Has your sister finished reading ________? —Yes. She has ________ finished it. A．yet; yet B．already; yet C．already; already D．yet; already ( )10．—What would you like to drink, coffee or juice? —________. Give me some zero-­sugar cola, please. A．Either B．Both C．Neither D．None ( )11．We have been told that the color of the shoes should match ________ of the suit in our school. A．one B．ones C．that D．those ( )12．—Smart phones make ________ easier and faster for people to share information. —I can’t agree more. Technology (科技) centres on the needs of people, right? A．it B．that C．us D．them ( )13．—I have________ finished my homework. What about you? —No, not________. I need another hour. A．already; already B．yet; yet C．yet; already D．already; yet ( )14．My friend and I are interested in drawing, but ________ of us is good at it. A．either B．both C．none D．neither ( )15．Tom and his parents like swimming a lot, but ________ of them is good at skating. A．neither B．none C．either D．both 二、完型填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） Pyramids (金字塔) are one of the most interesting buildings in the world. Many of the pyramids still survive along the Nile River in Egypt today for us 16 and study. In modern days, people look at them and ask, “Who built 17 ? Why? When? What is inside?” 18 years ago, some kings of Egypt created the pyramids. They 19 them as tombs (坟墓).They thought the pyramids 20 help people remember them as important persons. The oldest pyramid we know today 21 about 5,000 years old. Some of them are huge. 22 pyramid is the Pyramid of Khufu. It is about 144 metres high and it is made 23 2,300,000 stones. The stones are 24 big and heavy. Most of them are taller than 25 person. Scientists estimate (估计) it took at least 100,000 workers over 20 years to build the pyramid. As one of the Seven Wonders of the World, the Pyramid of Khufu is a very popular place of interest. Every year, travellers from all over the world 26 to visit it. How did ancient people build the pyramids? 27 did they carry and lift up the large stones? Each stone fits with one another so well, 28 the people didn’t have modern machines at all! Now scientists are working 29 to study the pyramids. However, 30 can say how ancient people built them. ( )16．A．to see B．seeing C．saw D．sees ( )17．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs ( )18．A．Thousands with B．Thousand with C．Thousands of D．Thousand of ( )19．A．built B．building C．build D．are building ( )20．A．will B．could C．should D．may ( )21．A．is B．are C．was D．were ( )22．A．Large B．Larger C．Largest D．The largest ( )23．A．from B．by C．of D．with ( )24．A．very B．such C．much D．too ( )25．A．a B．an C．the D．/ ( )26．A．came B．come C．comes D．are coming ( )27．A．What B．How C．Which D．Who ( )28．A．so B．if C．but D．because ( )29．A．hard B．hardly C．harder D．more hardly ( )30．A．somebody B．anybody C．everybody D．nobody 三、阅读单选（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） （A） Dating back to more than 1,200 years ago, Xuan paper has always been liked by Chinese. It is not only a witness (见证人) to Chinese history but also a necessary part of Chinese culture. In history, Chinese artists always like Xuan paper. It is thin and soft, and it will not change for more than a thousand years. Xuan paper, with nice water-absorbing quality (吸水性), can show the ink on the paper perfectly. So Xuan paper became popular for showing traditional Chinese words and ink paintings. The traditional steps of making Xuan paper by hand last for a long time, including more than 100 steps like collecting, sunning and so on. Xuan paper can be 11 meters long and 3.3 meters wide. It may take 80 workers more than a year to finish the hard task. Today, the best Xuan paper is still made in Xuancheng. It is a place with warm weather, a lot of rain and clear river. These conditions provide a perfect environment to make the best Xuan paper. ( )31．Which of the following is a fact according to the passage? A．Xuan paper is very thin and hard. B．Xuan paper is popular in Western countries. C．Making Xuan paper is very difficult today. D．Xuan paper has a history of over 1,200 years. ( )32．Which of the following painting need Xuan paper most? A．Oil paintings. B．Chinese ink paintings. C．Pencil drawings. D．Watercolor paintings. ( )33．What may the workers who make Xuan paper be like? A．Hardworking B．Honest C．Brave D．Creative ( )34．What is Xuancheng like? a. warm.               b. It rains a lot.        c. It has clear rivers.    d. It is dry. A．a, c, d B．a, b, d C．a, b, c D．b, c, d ( )35．What is the text mainly about? A．The future of Xuan paper. B．The environment of Xuancheng. C．The development of Xuancheng. D．The introduction of Xuan paper. （B） Adolescence (青春期) is the time between being a child and full adult (成年人). Adolescence is a difficult process (过程) for teenagers. The reason is that both their minds and bodies make great changes. The changes may cause many problems if teenagers don’t know what to do with them. So it’s necessary to learn something about the changes. Different people begin adolescence at different ages. Usually girls start adolescence two years earlier than boys. For both girls and boys, adolescence is usually over by the age of 18. Teenage boys at this time often begin to take unnecessary risks. They want others to accept them. They are also easily angry with others and fight more. So they need to think twice before they act and make good decisions for themselves. A girl’s personality often does not develop in the same way as a boy’s. Teenage girls sometimes lose confidence (信心) in themselves. They aren’t sure about their own feelings, but they are usually afraid to tell others about their problems. We can do a lot to care for and help teenagers. At the same time, parents can also tell teenagers about what is happening to them and help them to know themselves better. Everyone plays a part in making sure that young people grow into healthy adults. ( )36．Why is adolescence a difficult process for teenagers according to the passage? A．Teenagers find it is hard for them to lose confidence. B．Teenagers have difficulty accepting others’ advice. C．Teenagers’ parents always ask them to be excellent. D．Both teenagers’ minds and bodies change. ( )37．According to the third paragraph, boys ________ during adolescence. A．get angry easily B．never take risks C．lose confidence in themselves D．understand others better ( )38．What does the underlined word “personality” mean in Chinese? A．力气 B．财富 C．性格 D．挑战 ( )39．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．The writer’s worry about teenagers’ exam results. B．The writer’s advice about how to care for and help teenagers. C．The writer’s idea about why adolescence is important to teenagers. D．The writer’s prediction about adolescence and the future. ( )40．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Some facts about risks. B．Differences between boys and girls. C．Young people’s changes at school. D．Some information about adolescence. （C） The human (人类) body needs energy, which is provided by the food we eat. But how much do we need to stay healthy? Calories (卡路里) usually decide the energy value (价值) of food. To raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1℃ needs one calorie. The number of calories people need each day is different. Calories Needed Each Day Baby          750 Office worker     2,700 Child aged 8    2,100 Woman feeding baby      2,700 Man over 70    2,100 Boy aged 16        3,000 Woman       2,600 Farmer         3,600 Also, the number of calories you use at any moment usually depends on (取决于) the activity you are in. For example, you need more calories for standing than for sitting, more for running than for walking, and so on. The energy in food is in the form of three kinds of chemical materials—carbohydrate (碳水化合物), protein (蛋白质) and fat. Carbohydrate provides 3.8 Cal/gm of energy, protein 4.0 Cal/gm, and fat 8.8 Cal/gm. Each food has different amounts (量) of these materials, as the round pictures show. (P=protein   C=carbohydrate   F=fat) ( )41．How many calories are needed to raise the temperature of 5g of water from 35℃ to 90℃? A．55. B．175. C．325. D．275. ( )42．Which of the following has the most amount of calories? A．Milk. B．Rice. C．Peanuts. D．Water. ( )43．Who needs the most amount of calories each day? A．A woman. B．An office worker. C．A farmer. D．A boy aged 16. ( )44．Which of the following is TRUE? A．You need more calories for walking than for running. B．A child aged 8 needs the same amount of calories every day as a man over 70 does. C．A woman feeding baby needs four times as many calories as a baby. D．You don’t need calories if you sit all day. ( )45．This passage mainly tells us ________. A．all the energy is in food B．the human body needs energy C．the number of calories depends on the activity D．we must only eat peanuts to get calories 第二部分 非选择题（满分：55分） 四、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 46．It seems (不可能的) to satisfy all the people. 47．Nothing will be (possible) if you put your heart into it. 48．The care of the (环境) is of great importance to us all. 49．Yang Liwei is one of the greatest a (宇航员) in China. 50．Tommy wasn’t good at (交流) with his classmates. 51．Working together as a g (团队) can make it easier to solve problems. 52．Mary has lost a lot of weight and she’s three kilos (轻的) than before. 53．The man has difficulty (交流) with the foreigners because he can’t speak English. 54．Tommy likes playing basketball, though he isn’t tall enough (reach) the basket. 55．She doesn’t feel like (communication) with anyone because of failure in the exam. 五、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 56．世上无难事，只要肯攀登。(完成译句) Nothing is as as we try our best. 57．太阳、地球和月亮都是太阳系的一部分。 The sun, the earth and the moon are the parts of the system. 58．在如此短的时间内完成这项工作是不可能的。 It is the work in such a short time. 59．全世界人民都需要和平的国际环境。 People around the world all need a peaceful international . 60．我们上次在杂志上看到的酒店是鲸鱼形状的。 The hotel in the magazine last time is a whale. 六、短文首字母填空（本大题共7小题，每小题2分，共14分） Many young people want to become pop-stars. It is their great ambition in life. They think: pop-stars make a lot if money; they lead i 61 and exciting lives; thousands of fans adore them; they become famous. Yes, but first they must become stars. Most performers start life with a group. This is the patterns nowadays. But there are many groups and competition is stiff. Groups appear and d 62 almost overnight. O 63 a small number stay. Almost without exception they have to work very hard before they reach the top. But very few r 64 the top and stay there. In England there are perhaps thirty or so groups at the top. Most of these do not earn so much money; perhaps $400 each time they perform. What is more, they have quite a lot of expenses. They have to pay a manager, for example. He is the key person in their lives and he t 65 about 20% if their earnings perhaps more. Then there are their clothes, their instruments and their van. Sometimes they are still paying for the last two items. And don’t forget: they have to travel a great deal, sometimes 2,000 miles in one week. At times they even sleep in their van instead of a h 66 , just to save money. So now, what do you think? Are pop stars so rich?And do they have such interesting lives? Sometimes it really gives the fans an impression that they do lead interesting and exciting lives. But in fact, Rome was not built in a day. No matter who you are, if you want to succeed in r 67 your dream, you have to work hard. That is the only way to success. 七、材料作文（本大题共21分） 68．假如你是王治，从小就希望做一名宇航员。请看下面的思维导图并以“I Want to Be an Astronaut”为题，写一篇短文，内容包括你想做航天员的原因以及你打算如何去做。短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。 I Want to Be an Astronaut Why How 1. walk in space like Nie Haisheng 2. … 1. study hard 2. … 要求： 1. 词数：80左右，开头已给出不计入总词数； 2. 行文连贯，可自由发挥。 I Want to Be an Astronaut I’m Wang Zhi. I want to be an astronaut when I grow up. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页（共8页） 试卷第1页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$