Unit 2 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas-【一线调研】2024-2025学年高中英语同步讲练测必修第三册（外研版）

Unit 2 Making a difference (主题：人与社会 子话题：公益事业与志愿服务) 话题拓展·体系构建 单元话题：Making a difference/,公益事业与志愿服务 一词多义熟词生义 形容词/副词 名词 动词 effective relief+ disease confirmation十 found extend十 chief sensitiveF shortage十 disability+ achievement十 recycle- hesitate十 major+ generous- insight institution treatment- earn十 aid+ further royal reality+ assistance+ contribution+ donate obtain temporary mission registration十 单元语法 话题写作 重点短语 重点句型 have trouble (in)doing sth benefit from make one's dream a reality at one point 1.人物传记之钱学 过去分词（短语）作 1.not.…but… keep records of... take in 森 2.on/upon (doing)sth 定语 rise to one's feet pass away 2.乐于助人的女士 make a difference turn out break into a smile set up 特别关注：“十“表示词形有拓展，动词有搭配 Period 1 Starting out Understanding ideas 读文清障·文本助解释疑 词汇积累 ①have trouble(in)doing sth做某事有困难 ⑦be determined to do sth决心做某事 ②fountain['faontin]n.喷水池 ⑧persuade sb to do sth劝说/说服某人做某事 drinking fountain n.[C](设于公共场所的)喷 ⑨donate[dbu'net]v,捐赠，捐献 泉式饮水器 donate.…to.…把…捐赠给… ③earn[3n]v.挣（钱） donation n.[C]捐赠物：[U]捐助 earn/make money挣钱 ①go public公之于世，公开（秘密等） earn/make a living谋生 ①raise vt..筹募；征集 ④do gardening做园艺：做园艺工作 raise money筹款 ⑤reach one's target实现某人的目标 Rprimary school小学 ⑥a hand pump一个手摇泵 secondary school中学 a foot pump一个脚踏泵 Bno longer不再(-not..any longer) ·21· 高中同步讲练测·一线调研「英语·必修第三册·WY be grateful to sb(for sth)(因某事)感激某人 因benefit from..得益于…：从…中获益 ⑤see..with one's own eyes某人亲眼看到… ⑥life-changing adj.改变生活的：改变人生的 ⑥delighted[dr'laiud]adj,高兴的，愉快的 [构词法]由“名词十现在分词”构成的复合形容词 ⑦turn out出席，在场 常作定语或表语。常见的此类形容词还有peace ⑧break into a smile突然笑起来 loving(热爱和平的)，time-saving(节省时间的)等。 ⑧lead sb to do sth促使某人做某事 @insight['nsat]n.顿悟，猛醒 ④set up建立；开办 ④perseverance[p3s'viarans]n.不屈不挠，坚持 ①foundation[faun'def(a)n]n,基金会 不懈 ②continue to do sth=continue doing sth继续做某事 图reality[ri'elti门t.真实，现实 ⑧attract support from..吸引…的支持 make one's dream a reality=realise one's dream goon(with sth)(尤指停顿或中断之后)继续 实现某人的梦想 (做某事)：持续 高读文清障 As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy,Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn't get enough clean water.He looked across the classroom at the drinking fountain.It was very close-only ten steps away.So,Ryan asked himself, "Why do some African children have to walk ten kilometres to get water every day?[1]And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick?"Young Ryan thought,"Life is easy for me,but hard for those people.Why don't I help?" []本句使用了“so.that..”结构，that引导结果状语从句；从句中makes them sick为“make十宾 语十宾语补足语”结构。 At first,his plan was [2]to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa.He cleaned windows and did gardening for his family and neighbours.He soon reached his first target of $70, but when he gave the money to a charity,he was told that it actually cost $2,000 to build a well. Seventy dollars was only enough for a hand pump.Ryan understood that a hand pump wouldn't help the children.[3]What they needed was a well dug near their homes. [2]此处不定式短语to earn money在句中作表语；“to build..in Africa'”作目的状语。 [3]本句中“What they needed'”是主语从句，What在从句中作宾语；过去分词短语dug near their homes作后置定语，修饰a well。 [4]Two thousand dollars was a lot of money,but Ryan didn't give up.He was determined to help other children have clean water.He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them to donate money.At the same time,a friend of Ryan's mother helped make his story go public.After several months,Ryan had raised the $2,000,[5]with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.The children at the school no longer needed to walk for hours to get water. They were grateful to him and invited him to visit. ·22· Unit 2 Making a difference [4]当表示时间、距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等的可数名词复数作主语时，常被看作一个整体，谓 语动词用单数形式。 [5]此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the$2,000。 In Uganda,Ryan at last saw the [6]finished well with his own eyes.But that was not all.He also saw hundreds of delighted"students who had turned out to welcome him.They sang and danced happily.Some even offered him food and gifts.At first Ryan was nervous,but soon a great warmth filled him.He really had made a difference for these children.He broke into a joyful smile. [6]此处是过去分词作前置定语，修饰wll。 Later,Ryan's experience led him to set up a foundation to encourage more people to help.Many inspired people gave him their support.Ryan's foundation continues to attract support from more and more people,so the work of building more wells can go on.Today,over 800,000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean,safe water. Now,as an adult,Ryan says that the question [7]to ask is not "Why don't I help?",but "How can I help today?".This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality [7]此处是不定式作后置定语，修饰the question。 原文翻译 6岁的加拿大男生瑞安听老师说，非洲的发展中国家有许多人没办法获得足够多干净的水，他对 此感到难以置信。他望向了教室另一边的饮水机。距离很近，只有10步远。于是，瑞安问自己：“为什 么有些非洲孩子每天不得不步行10公里去取水？为什么水会那么脏，以至于让他们生病？”小瑞安想： “生活对我来说很简单，但对那些人来说却很艰难。我为何不伸出授助之手？” 起初，他的计划是蠓钱，在非洲的某个地方打一口井。他为家人和邻居擦玻璃、打理花园，很快就 实现了第一个目标一挣到70美元，但当他把这笔钱捐给一家慈善机构时，却被告知打一口井实际上 要花费2000美元。70美元只够买一个手摇泵。瑞安知道一个手摇泵无法蒂到那些孩子。他们需要的 是一口打在他们家附近的井。 2000美元是一大笔钱，但瑞安没有放弃。他决心要帮助其他孩子获得干净的水。他开始向同班同 学和邻居寻求帮助，劝说他们捐款。与此同时，瑞安妈妈的一个朋友帮忙宣传他的故事。几个月后，瑞 安筹集到了2000美元，他用这笔钱在乌干达的一所小学附近打了一口井。学校的孩子们再也不用步行 数小时去取水了。他们很感谢瑞安，并邀请他前来做客。 在乌干达，瑞安终于亲眼看到了那口打好的井。但这还不是全部。他还看到数百名兴高采烈的学 生到场迎接他。他们高兴地唱歌、跳舞，甚至有人为他送上了食物和礼物。起初瑞安还很紧张，但很快 他的心里就充满了暖意。他真的改变了这些孩子的生活。他突然开心地笑了起来。 后来，瑞安的这次经历促使他设立了一个基金会，以鼓励更多的人提供帮助。许多受到鼓舞的人 都来支持他。瑞安的基金会不断吸引着越来越多的人的支持，因此打更多的并的工作得以继续。今 天，已有非洲16个国家的80多万人受益于这一改变生活的礼物—清洁、安全的水。 现在，作为一个成年人，瑞安说要问的问题不是“为什么我不去帮助（别人）？”，而是“今天我该如 何帮助（别人）？”。这种顿悟源于一个态度坚定的6岁男孩，他有勇气和毅力实现自己的梦想。 ·23· 高中同步讲练测·一线调研」英语·必修第三册·WY 精读课文·阅读能力集训 Task1宏观框架，把握文脉一语篇梳理感知 B.The dirty water he found in Uganda. I.明主旨大意 C.The drinking fountain in his school. ()What's the main idea of the text? D.The ten-kilometre distance to the source A.Ryan made a big difference to the world. of water. B.Ryan helped dig a well for people in Uganda. ()2.What did Ryan plan to do at first? C.Ryan raised enough money to dig a well at home. A.To set up a foundation. D.Ryan tried his best to make his dream B.To help buy a hand pump. come true. C.To donate some money to a charity. Ⅱ知层次结构 D.To help build a well somewhere in Africa. Ryan heard that many people in ()3.Which of the following can best describe developing African countries couldn't get enough 1. Ryan? Ryan managed to 2. A.Helpful and determined. $70.but was told it needed Para.1-4: B.Joyful and warm-hearted. $2,000 to build a well. Ryan's good Ryan 3. S2.000 and a C.Hard-working and grateful. deeds well was built. D.Delighted and generous. Ryan saw the finished well with ()4.What's the influence of Ryan's foundation? The Well That his own 4. Changed the More and more 5. is A.A well was built in Uganda. World attracted to build more wells. B.Over 800,000 wells have been built. Over 800.000 people in 16 Para.5: C.All the Africans can drink clean water now. African countries have had elean. Ryan's water. D.Over 800,000 people in Africa have had foundation 6. He grew from a boy with clean water. and perseverance Tsk3文本理解，续写佳句—探续写新视角 Para.6: to an 8. who suggests comment that one should ask himself 1,细读课文并找出心理描写的句子 on Ryan how to help others. Task2微观剖析，理解细节一文本探究透析 2.细读课文并找出展示人物坚定决心的句子 Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer. (1) ()1.What inspired the Canadian boy to help? (2) A.What he learned from his teacher. (3) 自查语基·基本知能落实 I.核心词汇 2. waste water回收利用废水 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词 3. about$40,000 a year一年大约挣4 1. the research为研究提供资金 万美元 ·24· Unit 2 Making a difference 4.a writer of great 有深刻洞察力的作家 extinction. Ⅱ.拓展词汇 7.Keep it in mind,and gradually we can gain this 根据提示写出相应的单词 good learning habit and (从…中获 1. n.贡献→contribute v.贡献 益)it 2. n,减轻，缓解-→relieve vt.使诚轻：使 8.Tom was a hard-working boy,who had courage 解除（痛苦、忧愁等） and perseverance to (使他梦想 3. n.短缺，不足，缺乏→short adj.短 成真) 的：短暂的：短缺的 V.重点句型 4. ad.有效的，产生预期效果的→affect. 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 影响：侵袭；使感染→effect n.效果：影响 l,keep十宾语+宾语补足语 5. v,捐赠，捐献→donation n,捐赠，捐 Knowing that the kids now have money for 献→donor n.捐献者；赠送人 school is what (让我继续前进) 6. n,真实，现实→real adj,真的，真实 and gives me more energy. 的→really adv.真正地；实际上→realistic ad山j. 2.“have trouble(in)doing sth'”意为“做某事有困难” 现实的：实事求是的 As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy,Ryan Ⅲ.阅读词汇 (很难相信 1. adj.内部的 这些话)spoken by his teacher that many 9y 礼.喷水池 people in developing African countries couldn't 3. n.基金会 get enough clean water. 4. .不屈不挠，坚持不獬 3.“It cost(s)(sb)some money to do sth'”意为“做某 N,重点短语 事花费（某人）多少钱” 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 He soon reached his first target of $70,but 1.1 (在…方面有一些困 when he gave the money to a charity,he was collecting the relevant materials. told that (打一 2.It is not surprising that more and more students 口井实际上要花费2000美元). are taking a gap year to (挣钱) 4,“介词十关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句 to support their study for the degree. After several months,Ryan had raised the 3.The professor saw hundreds of delighted students $2,000, who had (到场)to welcome him. (用这笔钱在乌干达的一所小学附近打了一口井). 4.Seeing the funny picture,the whole class 5.“not.…bu.”意为“不是…而是…” (突然笑起来). Now,as an adult,Ryan says that the question 5.This reform will certainly (起作 to ask is to the way we do our job in the future. [不是“为什么我不去帮助（别人）？”， 6.The animal protection group was 而是“今天我该如何帮助（别人）？”门. (建立)to preserve endangered species from ·25· 高中同步讲练测·一线调研「英语·必修第三册·WY 创意课堂·语言知识奠基 1 relief n.减轻，缓解：宽慰，轻松(relieve vt,减轻；解除；缓和relieved adj,感到宽慰的) ·to one's relief令某人欣慰的是 measures to relieve students 100 in relief如释重负 many study burdens. it's a relief to do sth做某事是令人欣慰的 (4)看到我妹妹已经适应了新环境，我感到很欣慰。 ·relieve sb of.,使某人摆脱…；减轻某人的… ①It was to find my sister had (1)To her great (relieve),the children adjusted to the new surroundings. pulled their weight and didn't let her down. ② I found my sister had adjusted (2)(读后续写之情绪描写)With all the problems to the new surroundings. resolved,he went home relief. My sister had adjusted to the new surroundings, (3)The government has taken many effective which 2 shortage n.短缺，不足，缺乏(short adj.缺少的：短的：矮的) ·a shortage of..…缺乏 With the help of UN,people suffering from water ·be short of缺少… (4) are relieved.(5) be short for是…的缩写简称 the world will be better and better with the in short总之，简言之 contributions of UN. for short作为简称 UN是联合国的简称，因此，我们简称联合国为 UN(1) the United Nations.So,we UN。它对使我们的世界变得更好有着重要作用。 call it UN (2) It plays an important 比如，许多国家缺少水资源，在联合国的帮助下， part in making the world a better place.For 遭受缺水之苦的人们得到了解脱。总之，有了联 example,many countries (3) water. 合国的贡献，世界将变得越来越好。 3 effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的(effect n,效果；影响：作用effectively adv,有效地) ·take effective measures to do sth采取有效的 们的生活和健康产生积极影响。 措施做某事 many have been adopted to ·have an effect on/upon..对…有影响 regulate the housing prices,which will undoubtedly come into effect-=take effect生效 relieve people's anxiety and in effect=in fact/in reality实际上 people's life and well-being. (1)Much to our relief,the new rule has come (3)该是政府采取有效措施来解决这些问题的时 effect and thus improved the traffie safety. 候了 (2)实际上，已经采取许多有效的措施来调控房 It is high time that the government 价，这无疑将有效地缓解人们的焦虑，并对人 these problems. earn v.挣（钱）：赢得，博得[earnings m.(复数)薪水；工资：收人] earn money挣钱，赚钱 化。如今人们可以靠在附近的工厂上班谋生，而且 earn one's a living(=make a living).谋生 能比以前挣更多的钱。是新的政策导致平均收人 earn sb sth(=earn sth for sb)为某人赢得某物 上涨了。 earn a reputation赢得名声 Great changes have taken place in my hometown. Now people can by working in factories (1)(应用文写作之告知信)我的家乡发生了巨大的变 ·26· Unit 2 Making a difference nearby and they can than before.It was (2)他的善良为他赢得了一个好名声。 the new policy that contributed to a rise in average ①His kindness ②His kindness 5 turn out证明是，结果是：生产：关掉 it turns out that...结果是…，证明是… (2)Whenever you get into trouble,don't hesitate turn down关小：拒绝 to me for help. turn up出现：露面：调大（音量） (3)We were waiting for him anxiously in the sun, turn to求助于：翻到（书的某页）：转向 but he never yet. turn on打开 (4)The weather forecast said that it would be turn off关闭 rainy but it to be fine. turn in上交 (5)Don't the computer before closing all turn over移交；翩身；深思熟虑 programmes,or you could have problems. 用turn的相关短语填空 (6)Anyone who is to apply for the job must (1)My proposal got which deeply let the relevant materials within five days. me down. ⑥make a difference起作用；产生影响 make no difference(to)对…没有影响 While some people think that space travel has It makes no difference whether..是否…没有 to people's life today. 影响。(it作形式主语) (3)Whether the measures are effective or not tell the difference区分：辨别 makes no difference to me. (1)(应用文写作之倍议书)Act of kindness, the however small,will make difference measures are effective or not. to other people's life.So don't hesitate to (4)这对双胞胎长得太像了，你几乎没法把他们区 show your kindness! 分开。 (2)然而一些人认为太空旅行对今天的人们的生活 The twins are so similar to each other that 几乎没有影响。 刀“介词十关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句 【教材原句】After several months,Ryan had raised the$2,Oo0,with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. 几个月后，他筹到了2000美元。有了这笔钱，乌干达的一所小学旁边建起了一口井。 句中with which a well was built near a primary (1)(应用文写作之推荐信)You know we Chinese school in Uganda是“介词+关系代词”引导的非 have a lot of traditional art forms. 限制性定语从句。 which paper-cutting is one of the most popular. “介词十关系代词”引导的定语从句中介词的选择 (2)He has made an unforgivable mistake, 依据为： which he was violently criticized. ·根据定语从句中动词或形容词的搭配习惯（即 (3)(应用文写作之人物介绍)怀特教授是一位知识 固定短语)： 渊博的学者，从他身上我们可以学到很多。 ·根据与先行词搭配的具体意义： Professor White is a knowledgeable scholar, ·根据句子的意思： we have a lot to learn. ·表示所属关系或整体中的一部分时，通常用介词o。 (4)我真的很感谢王教授，没有他的帮助我不可能 取得这样的进步。 ·27· 高中同步讲练测·一线调研「英语·必修第三册·WY I am really grateful to Professor Wang. Period 2 Using language:Grammar-Verb-ed as attributive 语法原句再现 配语境运用1 DAs a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy,Ryan had 句子语法填空 trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher ① (speak)English is different from that many people in developing African countries (write）English.. couldn't get enough clean water. ②The (break)dishes lay on the floor. 2What they needed was a well dug near their homes. 3Mary is a new nurse and her job is to take care 3In Uganda,Ryan at last saw the finished well of the (wound)soldiers. with his own eyes. 2,(1)后置定语：如果是过去分词短语或结构作定 He also saw hundreds of delighted students who 语，则放在名词后，称为后置定语。单个的过 had turned out to welcome him. 去分词也可以作后置定语，数量较少。 5Many inspired people gave him their support. The idea presented by Peter is much simpler. 观察以上句子，可以看到黑体部分都是过去 彼得提出的想法要简单得多。 分词，在句中修饰一个中心名词，作定语。 The experience gained from daily work will give 语法知识点拨 you more confidence to help your customers. 日常工作中获得的经验会给你更多的信心去帮 [语法梳理] 单个的过去分词作定语，通常放 助你的客户。 在被修饰词之前；过去分词短语 (2)过去分词短语作后置定语，其作用相当于定 作定语，通常放在被修饰词之后 位置 语从句。 过 及物动词的过去分词作定语， The meeting held yesterday is of great importance. 去分词作 表示被动或完成 =The meeting which was held yesterday is of great importance. 意义 不及物动词的过去分词作定语， 只表示动作已完成，不表示被动 昨天举行的会议非常重要。 语 区别 不同非谓语动词形式作定语的区别 乙语境运用2 一、位置 完成句子 1.(1)前置定语：位于名词之前的过去分词作定 ①Most of the artists 语，一般只是单个词。 (被邀请来到聚会的)were from Africa. These repeated efforts were still inadequate. 2The manager evaluated the plan 这些重复的努力仍然不足 (几天前实施的) (2)过去分词之前还可以有副词修饰。 There are many serious health problems The Prime Minister issued a cautiously worded (与吸烟有关). statement this afternoon. 二、意义 今天下午首相发表了一份措辞谨慎的声明。 1.及物动词的过去分词作定语，含有被动或动作 [温馨提示]单个的过去分词修饰something, 完成的意义。 everything,nothing,somebody,nobody等不定 All the tools needed will be fully supplied. 代词时，要放在这些词的后面。 所需的所有工具将全部供应。 ·28·