U1 Section Ⅰ “Reading”的课文习读环节（课件PPT）-【新课程学案】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册（译林版2019）

UNIT 1 Nature in the balancet 译林英语必修第三册 1 把握单元素养目标 主题意识 本单元的主题是“环境与环境保护”。通过了解亚马孙雨林在保护地球生态平衡中所起的作用，认识到环境保护的重要性，树立环保意识；通过了解各种保护动物的活动，培养动物保护意识；通过思考经济发展与环境保护之间的关系，培养思辨能力。 语法项目 了解、掌握“省略”这一语法现象的核心规则，并能在真实语境中正确使用。 续表 语言输入 听 听有关亚马孙雨林的纪录片的课文录音，培养从听力中获取关键信息的能力。 读 能从纪录片脚本中提取主题句，把握篇章结构，获取关键数据信息；并能从电视访谈类节目脚本中获取各方观点和论据，培养思辨能力。 看 通过观看有关动物保护的视频，理解视频中非文字信息所传达的意义，培养动物保护意识。 续表 语言输出 写 能够使用作比较的说明方法使抽象的数据具象化，并能运用已知信息，写一篇号召人们保护动物的文章。 说 能就环境保护和动物保护话题，用英语表达自己的观点，并能围绕“动物保护”这一话题展开讨论。 Section Ⅰ　“Reading”的课文习读环节 目 录 课文阅读理解 课文写法借鉴 美文阅读润心 课时检测 课文阅读理解 (一)理清文脉结构 泛读课文，完成以下学习任务 significant balance size is home to 1,300 situation has disappeared extinction (二)把握主旨大意 1．What's the main idea of the passage? A．The Amazon rainforest is the largest rainforest in the world. B．The Amazon rainforest gives the richest biodiversity on the Earth. C．The Amazon rainforest is a natural treasure house on the Earth. D．The Amazon rainforest is known as the “lungs of the planet”． √ 2．Skim the text and match each paragraph with its main idea. Para.1　A．Plant biodiversity; levels of the rainforest. Para.2 B．Animal biodiversity; food chain. Para.3　C．Introduction to the Amazon rainforest. Para.4　D．The rainforest's value to the human race; threats to the rainforest. Para.5　E．Basic information about the rainforest. 答案：Paras.1～5　CEABD (一)阅读理解 1．How does the author lead in the topic of the documentary script? A．By making a definition. B．By giving examples. C．By creating scenes. D．By making comparisons. √ 精读课文，完成以下学习任务 2．How many known species in the world can be found in the Amazon rainforest? A．About one in five.　 B．About one in six. C．About one in eight. D．About one in ten. √ 3．Which of the following statements is NOT true? A．The rainforest gets its name from the Amazon River. B．The Amazon rainforest is one third the size of China. C．Over 40,000 plant species known to man can be found in the Amazon. D．It is human activities that continue to damage the Amazon rainforest. √ 4．What helps break down a jaguar's body after its death? A．A large number of microorganisms. B．The nutrients of the earth. C．A variety of insects. D．A kind of frog. √ 5．What is the function of the question at the end of the passage? A．To introduce the topic. B．To introduce ways to protect the Amazon rainforest. C．To seek for answers to protect the Amazon rainforest. D．To arouse people's concern about the Amazon rainforest. √ [Tip] 从语篇结构着手推句、段功能 本题考查文章尾句的作用。解答此类题目需要从文章的语篇结构及行文脉络入手。一般来说，位于文末的语句通常起到点明中心、深化主题的作用。如本文采用问句结尾即是作者为了深化主题，进一步吸引人们对亚马孙雨林的关注而采用的一种写作手法。　　　　 (二)阅读表达 1．What is the purpose of this documentary script? To call for our joint efforts to protect the Amazon rainforest. 2．What is the value of the Amazon rainforest to us? The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth's oxygen.Moreover，the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. 3．What makes the Amazon rainforest a natural treasure? (1)The Amazon rainforest is unique, beautiful and valuable. (2)It contains about 10% of all known species on the Earth. (3)It produces over 20% of the planet's oxygen. (4)Its wonderful plant and animal species have enabled humans to make amazing discoveries. 4．What is your answer to the question at the end of the script？(The answers may vary.) No.The Amazon rainforest is far too important for us to allow it to be destroyed.It helps maintain the balance of the ecosystem and provides our society with food and medicine. |阅|读|技|能|提|升| 本文的语篇类型是纪录片脚本，本质上属于事物说明文。说明文目的性强，条理清晰，逻辑严谨，一般各段都有明确的主题句，段落内容围绕该主题句展开。同时，每篇文章都会有一个说明对象，文章围绕该说明对象展开，与该说明对象相关的关键词也是文章的高频词。将主题句及关键词进行归纳概括，即可提炼出文章的主旨，明晰行文脉络。如本文首段直接点明了主题，其他各段的段首句即为主题句，句中的关键词都提到了“亚马孙雨林”。 课文写法借鉴 (一)赏用词之妙　 1．Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals. 赏析：本句使用a huge sea of和alive with两个短语形象生动地表达出亚马孙雨林的绿意葱葱和生机勃勃，增加了文章的生动性。 2．The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent. 赏析：本句运用cross into代替常用的cover，以动态的效果呈现了亚马孙雨林的面积之广：覆盖了八个国家。 3．The forest's different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. 赏析：本句中使用了“unbelievable”这一形容词，进一步描写出亚马孙雨林物种的多样性。形容词的灵活运用可以增加文章的生动性，使表达更有说服力。 4．The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth's oxygen. 赏析：本句中的breathe一词运用得生动巧妙。该词的本义是“呼吸”，用在此处，以拟人化的手法写出了雨林的生机盎然。 [提能训练]　(完成句子) ①He looked down and saw smiling faces. 他往下看，看到一片笑脸。 ②The pond frogs. 池塘里满是青蛙。 a sea of was alive with ③The Yellow River 9 provinces in China and brings rich soil to the areas along its path. 黄河流经中国九省，为途经地区带来了肥沃的土壤。 ④Whether through art, music, entertainment or games, you have a gift of creative vision that . 无论是通过艺术、音乐、娱乐还是游戏，你都有天赋产生创造性观点，从而为当下环境注入新的生命活力。 crosses into breathes new life into situations ⑤(2024·全国甲卷书面表达) Chinese transport should make such great progress in so short a time. 中国交通行业在这么短的时间内取得如此大的进步是令人难以置信的。　　　　 It is unbelievable that (二)赏句式之高　 1．While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest's food chain. 赏析：本句运用while引导的让步状语从句，强调了亚马孙雨林中的野生动物数量繁多。 2．Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. 赏析：本句使用了“百分数＋of＋名词”作主语，明确指出了人类活动对雨林造成的严重破坏，同时使用such as具体列举了危及雨林的人类活动。注意：“分数或百分数＋of＋名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的数要根据短语后面名词的数而定。 3．As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”？ 赏析：本句是文章的尾句。as引导的时间状语从句与比较级的搭配使用强调了这些人类活动正在持续不断地带来更严重的后果。后半句使用了反问句来结束文章，直击读者内心，引发读者对这一问题的反思，突出了本文的主旨。 [提能训练]　(完成句子) ① after a day's study, it is worthwhile to try my best to pursue my ideal. 尽管经过一天的学习后我总是感觉很累，但尽我最大的努力去追求自己的理想是值得的。 ② have to do with punctuation. 你的论文中50%的错误与标点符号有关。 While I always feel exhausted 50% of the mistakes in your essay ③ , we are busy with our papers. 随着毕业时间的临近，我们正忙着写论文。　　　　 As the time for graduation is approaching/drawing near (三)赏描摹之韵(写作手法)　 With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length — roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. 赏析：此处使用了With an area of、 in length等与具体的数字相结合，详细介绍了亚马孙雨林的大小及亚马孙河的长短。列数字的写作手法增加了表达的科学性、准确性。同时，作者还使用了对比手法，将亚马孙雨林与中国的国土面积相比较，将亚马孙河与中国的长江相对比，从而令读者对这两者的大小、长短有更清晰、明确的认识。 [提能训练]　(完成下面语段并体会列数字的作用) To prevent damage to wetlands and grasslands， 675 bridges____ between Golmud and Lhasa.We even ___________________________________________ in order to protect its distinct ecosystem. 为了避免破坏湿地和草原，我们在格尔木和拉萨之间建造了675座大桥，总长度约160千米。我们甚至将一块14万平方米的湿地迁往一个新的区域，以保护其独特的生态系统。 with a total length of about 160 kilometres were built moved 140，000 square metres of wetland to a new area (四)赏衔接之顺　 Thus, it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”．Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine.Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals: us. 赏析：此处作者运用thus(表因果)、 moreover(表递进)、 yet(表转折)三个词将本段话的内容有机地衔接起来，展现了自然顺畅的逻辑感与层次感。最后一句中，使用冒号与单个单词“us”搭配，简洁有力地点出了人类是动植物面临的一个主要威胁，增加了语言的感染力。 [提能训练]　(用恰当的衔接词填空) ， friends help you recognize the truth， making it possible to kick your bad habits. 此外，朋友能帮助你认识到真相，从而让你改掉坏习惯。 Moreover thus 美文阅读润心 藏羚羊是我国一级保护动物。由于盗猎猖獗，藏羚羊在上个世纪末曾一度处于濒临灭绝的边缘，但在政府和民间组织的多方努力下，藏羚羊保护工作取得了显著成效，藏羚羊数量逐年上升，2015年从濒危物种降级为易危物种。了解藏羚羊的现状及其曾经面临的危机有助于我们树立保护动物的意识，感悟人与自然和谐相处的重要性和重大意义。 My guide is Zhaxi, a villager from Changtang.He works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve.The reserve is a shelter for the animals and plants of northwestern Xizang.To Zhaxi, the land is sacred and protecting the wildlife is a way of life.“We're not trying to save the animals，” he says.“Actually, we're trying to save ourselves.” The 1980s and 1990s were bad times for the Tibetan antelope.The population dropped by more than 50 percent.Hunters were shooting antelopes to make profits.Their habitats were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built. In order to save this species from extinction, the Chinese government placed it under national protection.Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks.Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains. The measures were effective.The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list.The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared. [阅读理解] 1．Why did the author come to Xizang? A．To enjoy the beautiful scenery. B．To save the endangered antelopes. C．To observe Tibetan antelopes. D．To do a scientific research. √ 2．What made the population of antelopes drop in the 1980s and 1990s? A．Too thin air and too much snow in Xizang. B．The villagers' dislike for them. C．Many roads and railways built by people. D．Being hunted and the loss of their habitats. √ 3．What was done to protect Tibetan antelopes? A．Moving them to a national zoo or other shelters. B．Watching over them and adding some bridges and gates. C．Establishing a research centre to study them. D．Limiting the number of tourists to Xizang. √ [素养积累] 1．由文积词汇 snow-covered adj.　 被雪覆盖的 herd n. 牧群；兽群 be struck by 被……打动 illegally adv. 非法地 reserve n. (动植物)保护区；储藏(量) vt. 预订；预留；保留 shelter n. 庇护处；遮掩；遮蔽 sacred adj. 神圣的；受尊敬的 drop by 下降了(表示幅度) profit n. 利润；利益 threat n. 威胁 2．据文悟句式 句①：This is why ...意为“这就是为什么……；这就是……的原因”，why引导表语从句。 句②：定语从句，关系代词that/which因在从句中作宾语而被省略了。 句③：“Only＋状语从句”置于句首表示强调时，后面的主句要用部分倒装。 课时检测 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley.Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain.However, when it works, it is simply beautiful. I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown.She had found a young owl (猫头鹰) on the ground.When I arrived, I saw a 2- to 3-week-old owl.It had already been placed in a carrier for safety. I examined the chick (雏鸟) and it seemed fine.If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck.My next work was to construct a nest and anchor (固定) it in a tree.The homeowner was very helpful.A wire basket was found.I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable.I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down. Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent.I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks.These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well.I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring. A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings.I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active.And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all — LUNCH! The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者救助了一只小猫头鹰，给它做了新的窝，并帮助它回到父母身边的故事。 1．What is unavoidable in the author's rescue work according to paragraph 1? A．Efforts made in vain. B．Getting injured in his work. C．Feeling uncertain about his future. D．Creatures forced out of their homes. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain.”可知，为救助动物而花费的努力可能会白费，这是不可避免的。 2．Why was the author called to Muttontown? A．To rescue a woman. B．To take care of a woman. C．To look at a baby owl. D．To cure a young owl. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，有人给作者打电话是因为有只小猫头鹰掉在地上了，作者赶过去看看情况。 √ 3．What made the chick calm down? A．A new nest.　　　　 B．Some food. C．A recording. D．Its parents. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.”可知，在作者把小猫头鹰放在一个新的鸟窝里之后，它很快就安静下来，所以是新的鸟窝让小猫头鹰安静下来的。 √ 4．How would the author feel about the outcome of the event? A．It's unexpected. B．It's beautiful. C．It's humorous. D．It's discouraging. 解析：推理判断题。根据文章描述可知，作者为小猫头鹰做了鸟窝，并且帮助它找回了父母，作者的救助成功了；再结合第一段中的“However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.”可推测，作者认为结果很美好。 √ B Every day for a week, a strange, happy visitor would drop to play with Vanessa Prior's pet dog Bobby.Prior thought Bobby had made a new dog friend.It seemed very friendly and got well along with Bobby.They would run after each other, play on the pool cover, gently wrestle or nap side by side. At first she thought it was a wild dog.But when she posted a photo of the two playing on the social media, a pet rescue center called her.The group told her the Atlanta Wolf Project had been trying to catch the wolf for months, but they failed.Prior gave them new hope. Because of the wolf's friendship with her pet dog, it was likely to come back to her backyard.Researchers hoped Prior could help them.When they put some traps in the back of her yard, Prior got a very complicated feeling.She couldn't describe what it was, but she was closely surrounded by it.The wolf would be in a safe place, but she would do something that harmed Bobby's feelings. Researchers told Prior that they would take the rare, black wolf to the Yellow River Wildlife Sanctuary where it would live with another wolf.They didn't think it a fulfilling situation for a wild animal like a wolf to have a connection with humans' life.They need to keep a natural awareness to humans and pets and keep to themselves. Wolf experts added they would look into the genetics of the animal to try to learn why it liked to get close to people and tried to play with their pets.Some experts believe it could have a history with well-meaning humans.Prior had not expected that she and Bobby should meet such a special and lovely wolf.They just hoped the dear friend all the best. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Vanessa Prior的狗Bobby和一只狼成了朋友，后来宠物救援中心得知此事后，将这只狼带到了保护区中生活。 5．What happened to Vanessa Prior according to the first two paragraphs? A．She was worried about her dog's safety. B．She was awarded for her meaningful picture. C．She realized her dog made friends with a wolf. D．She learned a lot about wolves from researchers. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段及第三段首句可知，Vanessa Prior意识到她的狗和一只狼成了朋友。 6．How did Prior respond when some traps were set? A．She was afraid to lose Bobby. B．She regretted helping the researchers. C．She was worried about the wolf's future. D．She had bittersweet feelings about the wolf. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知，当陷阱被设置时，Prior怀着苦乐参半的复杂感情。 √ √ 7．What does the underlined word “fulfilling” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Changeable. B．Satisfying. C．Strange. D．Worrying. 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“situation for a wild animal like a wolf ... keep to themselves”可知，研究人员认为像狼这样的野生动物与人类的生活有联系不是一种令人满意的情况。由此推知，画线词fulfilling意为“令人满意的”。 √ 8．What can be inferred about the black wolf from the last two paragraphs? A．It is a kind and sociable animal. B．It was once kept as a human pet. C．It will stay with Bobby for some time. D．It will be sent to the wild to live with other animals. 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句及最后一段首句可推知，这只狼对人怀有善意，亲近人类，而且喜欢与人类的宠物玩耍，说明它友好且合群。 C Ninety-seven percent of Earth's water is ocean.No blue, no green.If you think the ocean isn't important, imagine Earth without it.Fifty years ago, when I began exploring the ocean, no one realized that we human being could do anything to harm the ocean. For me, as a woman scientist, it all began in 1953 when I first tried diving.In 1979, by using a submersible (潜水器), I had a chance to reach the ocean floor which was six miles offshore and 1,250 feet down.Since then, I've used about 30 kinds of submarines.We need new deep-diving submersible.We need to see the undersea mountains and understand life in the deep sea.Exploring and protecting the wild ocean is my big wish. What's worrying us is that an ice-free Arctic Ocean may happen in this century.That's bad news for the polar bears.Additional CO2 is not only driving global warming, but also changing ocean chemistry, making the sea more acidic (酸的)．That's bad news for coral reefs and oxygen-producing plankton (浮游生物)．Actually, nearly half of the coral reefs have disappeared.We're putting hundreds of millions of tons of plastic and other rubbish into the sea.We're blocking the ocean, poisoning the planet's circulatory system.Most of the turtles, sharks, tunas and whales are way down in numbers.All of these are part of our life support system. Health to the ocean means health for us.I wish we would use all means — films, explorations, the web, new submarines — and campaign to stimulate public support for ocean protected areas.My wish is a big wish, but if we can make it happen, it can truly save and restore the ocean, the blue heart of the planet.For the children of today, for tomorrow's children: as never again, now is the time. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章强调了海洋的重要性，指出如今海洋正在遭受人类的破坏，作者认为海洋的健康意味着我们的健康，我们应该共同努力保护海洋。 9．Why does the writer say “No blue, no green.” in the first paragraph? A．To tell us the colours of the earth. B．To refer to the ocean and the land. C．To show the importance of ocean. D．To encourage us to explore the ocean. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Ninety-seven percent of Earth's water is ocean.No blue, no green.If you think the ocean isn't important, imagine Earth without it.”可推知，作者在第一段说“No blue, no green.”是为了显示海洋的重要性。 10．What should we do to protect the ocean according to the text? A．Make joint efforts. B．Save life support system. C．Encourage children to take action. D．Explore the ocean by new technology. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I wish we would use all means — films, explorations, the web, new submarines — and campaign to stimulate public support for ocean protected areas.”可知，我们应该通过共同努力来保护海洋。 11．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Means. B．Campaign. C．Public support. D．Wish. √ 解析：代词指代题。根据最后一段中的“I wish we would use all means ...to stimulate public support for ocean protected areas.”以及画线词所在句可知，作者认为自己的愿望是一个很大的愿望，但如果我们能实现它，这个愿望就能真正拯救和恢复海洋。故it指的是“愿望”。 12．What's the writer's attitude towards the current situation of the ocean? A．Negative. B．Concerned. C．Uncertain. D．Indifferent. √ 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Health to the ocean means health for us.”以及“For the children of today, for tomorrow's children: as never again, now is the time.”并结合作者在文中强调了海洋的重要性，认为海洋的健康意味着我们的健康，我们应该共同努力保护海洋可推知，作者对海洋的现状持担忧态度。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 How to Protect Wildlife Wildlife faces threats from habitat destruction, pollution, and other human actions.Although protecting wildlife may seem too hard at times, even small actions can help protect many different animals. 13 •Create wildlife-friendly areas.When trying to make your garden more beautiful, choose plants that can provide food and shelter for native wildlife.This will also help cut down on pollution. 14 • 15 By using less water and fewer fuels, you will be helping to protect the wildlife around you.Take buses or the subway when you can and turn off electric devices when you're not using them. •Buy products that are wildlife-friendly. 16 Keep in mind that some endangered animals are killed by traps, catches or hunters who are after other wildlife within the same habitat. •Limit family size.Population growth is one of the major factors in habitat destruction.With the rapidly growing population, more and more habitats for wildlife are occupied by humans. 17 In this way, the Earth's population will stabilize and native habitats can be protected. A．Live a greener life. B．Donate money to organizations. C．Each family should be limited to one or two children. D．Avoid products that are made from endangered animals. E．Protecting wildlife from being endangered is every family's duty. F．Here are some tips on how to protect wildlife through small actions. G．Build bird houses to your garden or yard to attract and shelter these species. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何保护野生动植物提出了切实可行的建议，并希望读者也贡献自己的一份力量。 13．选F　上文提到小的举动就能帮助保护许多不同的动物，下文则介绍了一些具体的方法。故F项“这里是一些关于如何通过小的举动保护野生动植物的方法”承上启下，符合语境。 14．选G　该段讲的是创造适合野生动植物生存的环境。故G项“在花园或庭院安设鸟窝来吸引、保护这些物种”承接上文，符合语境。 15．选A　下文提到要保护水资源、乘坐公共交通、节约水电等一些绿色生活方式。故A项“过更绿色的生活”作为主题句最能概括本段主旨。 16．选D　空处承接段首主题句“购买野生动植物友好型产品”，即我们要拒绝购买由野生动植物制成的物品。故D项“避免购买由濒危动植物制成的产品”符合语境。 17．选C　本段主题是限制家庭成员规模，人口过多会占据野生动植物的栖息地，空处下一句也指出了这种方法的好处。故C项“每个家庭限制生一到两个孩子”承上启下，符合语境。 A Day in the Clouds The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the short hike from camp.To our left, snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch.On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals.Tibetan antelopes. Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Xizang, Xinjiang, and Qinghai.Watching them move slowly across the green grass, I'm struck by their beauty.I'm also reminded of the danger .They were hunted, illegally, for their valuable fur. In the evening, I drink a cup of tea and watch the stars.I think about the antelopes and what Zhaxi told me.Much is being done to protect wildlife, but if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life.a threat to wildlife and to our planet. $$