Unit 2 Language and communication （知识清单）英语新教材沪教版五四学制七年级下册

Unit2 Language and communication Language and communication 话题 沟通与交流 词汇 1.survey /ˈsɜːveɪ/ n.民意调查 2.among /əˈmʌŋ/ prep.在……当中 3.chart /tʃɑːt/ n.图表；曲线图 4.communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ v.交流；沟通 5.in person亲自；当面 6.text /tekst/ v.(用手机给某人)发短信 7.social /ˈsəʊʃl/ adj.社交的；社会的 8.medium /ˈmiːdiəm/ (pl.media) n.(传播信息的)媒介，手段 9.social media社交媒体 10.chat /tʃæt/ v.闲聊；聊天 11.based on基于 12.per cent (AmE percent) /pəˈsent/ adj.&adv.百分之…… 13.allow /əˈlaʊ/ v.允许；准许 14.emoji /ɪˈməʊdʒi/ n.表情符号 15.booklet /ˈbʊklət/ n.小册子 16.avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ v.避免；防止 17.embarrassment /ɪmˈbærəsmənt/ n.难堪 18.language /ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ/ n.语言 19.earn /ɜːn/ v.挣得；赚得 20.suitable /ˈsuːtəbl/ adj.合适的；适宜的 21.go ahead继续；着手做 22.properly /ˈprɒpəli/ adv.正确地；适当地 23.bit /bɪt/ n.小量 24.a bit有点儿；稍微 25.rude /ru:d/ adj.粗鲁的；无礼的 26.cheer /tʃɪə(r)/ v.欢呼；喝彩；加油 27.cheer for鼓励；支持 28.finger /ˈfɪŋɡə(r)/ n.手指 29.apologise (AmE apologize) /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ v.道歉 30.misunderstand /ˌmɪsʌndəˈstænd/ v.误解；误会 31.palm /pɑːm/ n.手掌；手心 32.upwards /ˈʌpwədz/ adv.向上；向高处 33.request /rɪˈkwest/ n.要求；请求 34.proper /ˈprɒpə(r)/ adj.正确的；恰当的 35.fix /fɪks/ v.解决 36.fault /fɔːlt/ n.责任；过错 37.speech /spiːtʃ/ n.演说；讲话 38.cross /krɒs/ v.穿越；横过 39.divide /dɪˈvaɪd/ n.不同；差异 40.variety /vəˈraɪəti/ n.(同一事物的)不同种类，多种式样 41.accent /ˈæksent/ n.口音 42.in addition此外；另外 43.clothing /ˈkləʊðɪŋ/ n.衣服；服装 44.realise (AmE realize) /ˈriːəlaɪz/ v.认识到；意识到 45.bridge /brɪdʒ/ v.在……上架桥 46.fellow /ˈfeləʊ/ adj.同类的；同伴的 47.interested /ˈɪntrəstɪd/ adj.感兴趣的；关心的 48.pronounce /prəˈnaʊns/ v.发音；读(音) 49.system /ˈsɪstəm/ n.体系；系统 50.gesture /ˈdʒestʃə(r)/ n.手势；姿势 51.forget /fəˈɡet/ v.忘记；遗忘 52.cultural /ˈkʌltʃərəl/ adj.文化的；与文化有关的 53.focus /ˈfəʊkəs/ v.集中(注意力、精力于) 54.situation /ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn/ n.情况；状况 55.regret /rɪˈɡret/ v.感到遗憾；惋惜；懊悔 56.in the end最后；终于 57.prize /praɪz/ n.奖；奖赏 58.hug /hʌɡ/ v.拥抱；搂抱 59.effective /ɪˈfektɪv/ adj.有效的 60.present /prɪˈzent/ v.(以某种方式)展现，显示 语法 副词的比较级与最高级 考点1. communication n.沟通；交流 Effective communication is important in a large organisation.有效的沟通在大型组织中很重要。 【提示】communication club是学生们所组织的沟通社团。类似于shoe shop,sports meet等，这里用名词communication 修饰名词club, 明确社团的属性。 【联想】communicate v.沟通；交流 常用communicate with sb.表达“与某人交流”。 We communicate with each other mostly by email.我们彼此之间主要通过电子邮件沟通。 考点2. social adj.社交的；社会的 Taking part in social activities can improve your communication skills.参与社交活动可以提高你的沟通能力。 【联想】society n.社 会 In modern society, technology plays an important role in everyday life.在现代社会中，技术在日常生活中起着重要的作用。 socially adv.在社会方面；在社交方面 He felt socially awkward at the party because he didn't knanyone.他在聚会上感到社交尴尬，因为他不认识任何人。 考点3.chat v.闲聊；聊天 n. 聊 天 I chatted with my friend about my plan for the weekend.我和我的朋友聊了聊周末的计划。 I had a nice chat with my neighbour this morning.今天早上我和邻居聊得很愉快。 【提示】第一个句子中chat 是 动 词 。chat with sb.about sth.的意思是“和某人聊一聊某事”。注意chat 的过去式、过去分词以及现在分词均要双写t (chat-chatted-chatted;chat-chatting) 。 have a chat with sb.about sth.表示“和某人就某事聊个天”。 考点4. embarrassment n.尴尬；难堪 He felt a deep sense of embarrassment when he mispronounced her name. 当他读错她的名字时，他感到深深的尴尬。 【联想】embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的 embarrassed adj.感到尴尬的 It was an embarrassing moment when I forgot the host's name at the party. 在聚会上忘记主持人的名字是一个尴尬的时刻。 She was embarrassed to admit that she didn't understand the local customs. 她感到很尴尬，承认自己不理解当地的习俗。 考点5. mind v.注意；介意 Please mind the gap between the train and the platform.请注意列车和站台之间的缝隙 Do you mind if I sit here?你介意我坐在这里吗? Would you mind helping me with this project?你介意在这个项目上帮我一下吗? 【提示】mind 作动词时有不同的含义。它可以表示“小心；注意”,如文中的 mind your body language,以及例句中的mind the gap。它也可以表示 “介意”,如“Do you mind if I…”或 mind doing…。另外，mind 还可以作名词，表示“头脑；决心”。 She has a brilliant mind and does well in all her studies.她有一个聪明的头脑，所有学业都很出色。 He made up his mind to travel abroad.他决定出国旅行。 考点6. bit n.小量 During our conversation,he shared interesting bits of information about Chinese culture.在我们的交谈中，他分享了一些关于中国文化的有趣信息。 a bit有点儿；稍微 I'm feeling a bit tired after the long journey.长途旅行后我感到有点累。 Could you speak a bit louder?I can't hear you clearly.你能说得更大声一点吗?我听不清楚。 I need a bit of help with cross-cultural communication.我需要一点儿跨文化交流方面的帮助。 【提示】如上面三个例子所示，a bit后面可以加形容词或副词的原级，表示“有点儿……”;也可以加形容词或副词的比较级，表示“更……一点儿”, 用来修饰比较的程度；还可以在a bit of后面加名词，表示“一些……”。 考点7.cheer v.欢呼；喝彩；加油；鼓励 The fans cheered for their favourite singer at the concert.粉丝们在演唱会上为他们最喜欢的歌手加油助威。 【提示】可以用cheer(…)up表示“鼓励；振奋”。 A good joke can always cheer me up when I'm having a bad day.一个好笑话总能在我过得不顺的时候让我开心起来。 另外，cheer 还可作名词，表示“欢呼；喝彩声”。 When her speech finished,there was a loud cheer from the audience.当她的演讲结束时，观众中发出一阵响亮的欢呼声。 “Cheers!" 也常用在祝酒时，表示“干杯!”。 考点8.apologise (AmE apologize) v.道歉 She apologised to her friend for being late.她为迟到向她的朋友道歉。 【提示】apologise to sb.for sth./doing sth.(为某事向某人道歉)。近义词组为say sorry to sb.for sth./doing sth.。上述例句可改写为“She said sorry to her friend for being late.",但 apologise更为正式。以下副词常与apologise搭配 ：sincerely apologise(真诚道歉),publicly apologise(公开道歉)。 【联想】apology n.道歉；认错 以下动词常与apology搭配使用：make an apology(致歉) ,accept one's apology(接受某人的道歉),owe sb.an apology(欠某人一个道歉)。 Please accept my apologies for not attending the meeting.请接受我未能参加会议的歉意。 考点9. sweep n.挥 动 With a swift sweep of her arm,she cleared the table.随着她手臂快速一挥，她把桌子清理干净了。 【提示】sweep 还可以作动词，表示“扫除；横扫”。 She swept the kitchen floor after dinner.晚饭后，她扫了厨房的地板。 The new technology swept the world,changing how people communicate. 新技术席卷了全球，改变了人们的沟通方式。 考点10.cultural adj.文化的；与文化有关的 【提示】以下是cultural的常见搭配： cultural difference文化差异 cultural event文化活动 cultural awareness 文化意识 cultural exchange文化交流 【联想】culture n.文化 culturally adv.在文化方面 Travelling allows you to experience different cultures.旅行让你体验不同的文化。 The city is culturally diverse,with many different communities living together.这个城市在文化上是多元化的，许多不同的社群共同生活。 考点11.interested adj.感兴趣的；关心的 【提示】常用搭配：be interested in … .对……感兴趣 I've always been interested in music. 我一直对音乐感兴趣。 近义词组：be fond of .…./be keen on …对… … 热衷 课文中be interested in后面接的不是一个名词，而是一个宾语从句，由疑问词how引导一个陈述句。类似的表达有： Scientists are interested in why some students perform better than others.科学家们对为什么有些学生表现比其他学生好感兴趣。 She is interested in what the story is mainly about.她对这个故事是讲什么的很感兴趣。 【联想】interest n.兴 趣 v. 使 …… 感兴趣 interesting adj.有趣的 She has a strong interest in learning foreign languages.她对学外语有浓厚的兴趣。 The new exhibition at the museum really interested me.博物馆的新展览引起了我的兴趣。 【提示】以-ed 结尾的形容词往往表示人的感受，以-ing 结尾的形容往往表 示事物的特质，除了interested和 interesting 之外，还有以下这些形容词： surprised感到惊讶的 excited 感到兴奋的 disappointed 感到失望的 amazed 感到惊叹的 amused 被逗乐的 frightened 感到害怕的 surprising 令人惊讶的 exciting 令人兴奋的 disappointing 令人失望的 amazing 令人惊叹的 amusing 好笑的 frightening 令人害怕的 比较级意义的表示 “形容词／副词比较级＋than” 表示一方超过或低于另一方的情况，意为“·····高于或低于······”。 Lucy is prettier than her sister.露西比她的妹妹漂亮。 “比较级＋and+比较级” 意为“越来越··.···”。 More and more people are losing their jobs.越来越多的人失业。 “the+比较级，the+比较级” 常表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度平行增长，意为“越......越......”。 The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心，犯的错误就会越少。 “the+比较级＋of the two(+名词）” 表示“两者中较······的”。 Look at the two boys. Ben is the taller of the two.看那两个男孩，本是两个人中较高的那个。 最高级意义的表示 “the+最高级＋比较范围” 表示“······是······中最······的”。 Who gets up the earliest of all in your dormitory?你们宿舍谁起得最早？ “one of the+最高级＋复数名词” 表示“最······之一”。 The river is one of the longest rivers in our country.这条河是我国最长河流之一。 比较级用于否定句或与never,nothing等否定词连用 表示最高级含义。 I've never had a more pleasant trip before.我以前从未有过如此快乐的旅行。（这是最快乐的一次旅行） 一、单项选择 1．Who do you like ________, the English teacher, the math teacher or the Chinese teacher? A．best B．well C．good D．fine 2．Mike is good at running. He runs as ________ as his brother. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 3．The boys are running as ________ as they can. A．quick B．fast C．excited D．surprised 4．Li speaks English______, Chen speaks ________, and I speak ___________. A．good… better… the best B．well… better… best C．good… well… badly D．badly… well… well 5．Swimming is my favorite sport. I like swimming_____________. A．good B．well C．better D．best 6．He works ________ in his class. A．harder B．hardest C．the most hard D．the harder 7．________ you speak, ________ your English will be. A．The more; the less B．The less; the better C．The more; the better D．The less; the more 8．—Which sport do you like ________, swimming or running? —I like swimming better. A．good B．well C．better D．best 9．My sister works much ________than me, so I will learn from her. A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．the hardest 10．She runs ________ than her brother. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 11．— Who did it better, Kate or Lily? — I think Kate did _______ Lily. A．as better as B．as good as C．as well as D．as badly than 12．—Tom is the fastest runner in his class. —Yes. But he doesn’t run as ________ as Jimmy in my class. A．fast B．faster C．slow D．slower 二、阅读理解 Alex and his friends are talking about teamwork and sharing their experiences about teamwork. Alex     Teamwork is fun! I joined a science project group. We four usually did different experiments (实验) together. We had fun working together. Bella     Teamwork can be hard sometimes, but it brings a lot of advantages. With the help of my teammates, I improved my soccer skills greatly. Charlie     Teammates are like your brothers and sisters. They care for you. I didn’t like eating breakfast but my teammates usually brought something to eat for me.   Daisy     Teamwork helps you improve yourselves. My teammates and I put on dramas and cheered up each other. We became more confident (自信的). 13．Who was in a science project group? A．Alex. B．Bella. C．Charlie. D．Daisy. 14．What did teamwork help her do according to (根据) Bella? A．Develop a good eating habit. B．Become more confident. C．Build trust in her teammates. D．Improve her soccer skills. 15．How did Charlie’s teammates help him? A．By sharing new ideas with him. B．By bringing him breakfast. C．By cheering him up. D．By helping him with his study. 16．Which of the following teams may Daisy be in? A．An art team. B．A soccer team. C．A drama team. D．A reading team. 17．Which of the following sentences may be NOT right according to the text? A．There are four members in Alex’s team. B．Bella has better soccer skills. C．Charlie feels love and care in his team. D．Daisy’s team is the best in her school. “How are you?” is a nice question. It’s a friendly way that people greet each other. But when a man says “How are you?”, he hopes to hear the answer “Fine”, even if his friend isn’t fine. The reason is that “How are you?” isn’t really a question, and “fine” isn’t really an answer. They are like saying “Hello” or “Hi”. Sometimes people also don’t say exactly what they mean. For example, when someone asks “Do you agree (同意)?”, other people may be thinking, “No, I don’t agree.” But it doesn’t sound very polite (礼貌的), so they often say, “I’m not so sure.” It is a nicer way. When you want to finish talking with your friend, you may say “I have to go now.” Sometimes you give an excuse, “I have much homework to do.” and so on. This is a polite way to stop a conversation and it doesn’t hurt (伤害) people’s feelings. People don’t always say exactly what they think. And it’s a part of the game of language. 18．How many ways to greet people are mentioned (提及) in the passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 19．If people ask “Do you agree?”, what is a polite answer? A．No, I don’t agree. B．Yes, I agree. C．I don’t think so. D．I’m not sure. 20．In Paragraph 3, the word “excuse” means ______. A．reason B．sorry C．mistake D．subject 21．Why do people sometimes say things, but they don’t mean that? A．To hurt other people’s feelings. B．To be nice to other people. C．To greet with other people. D．To play games with other people. 22．What is the best title (题目) of the passage? A．How to answer questions? B．How to stop a conversation? C．How to be polite? D．How to say “No”? 三、完形填空 Every Saturday morning, there is a line of boys and girls on Garden Street. They are waiting to see a film. The film 23 starts before eight o’clock. But the boys and girls can’t wait to come earlier every time. They don’t mind (介意) waiting for a long time at all. One Saturday morning, there was a very interesting film. Tom came running down the street. He wanted to be one of the 24 to get in. He walked up to the front of the line and pushed his way in there. Now Tom pushed his way right in front of Peter, and no other people were in front of him. Peter did not say a word. Instead, he reached up and 25 Tom’s hat. He handed the hat to the boy behind him and said, “Pass it back, John.” John passed the hat to the girl 26 him. “Pass it on,Kate,” John said to the girl. The children passed the hat very quickly to Betty at the end of the line. Tom looked at Peter and asked, “Where’s my hat?” Peter pointed down the line. There, at the end of the line, Betty was holding up Tom’s hat. Everybody 27 but said nothing. Tom stood there for some time. Then he walked all the way to Betty. “Here’s your hat,” she said politely. Tom goes to see the film on Saturday morning as before. But now he goes straight to the end of the line and waits for his 28 to buy the tickets. From that day, he learns to be a polite boy who should be wait in line. 23．A．always B．often C．usually D．never 24．A．first B．best C．last D．least 25．A．pulled over B．pulled off C．pulled back D．pulled up 26．A．in front of B．beside C．behind D．under 27．A．jumped B．smiled C．shouted D．cried 28．A．line B．round C．call D．turn 四、短文填空 Yesterday morning, Mr Lee asked us to s 29 a difficult math problem through our teamwork. Then we worked together in a group of four. We talked about many different ways to figure out the problems. We learned to r 30 each other’s ideas or thoughts. L 31 , we round the answer after half an hour. Now, we are so c 32 that we can face any problem. If we work together, we will have a big s 33 . 五、任务型阅读 I arrived in London at last. The railway station was big, black and dark. I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked an Englishman. I not only spoke English very carefully, but also clearly. The Englishman, however, could not understand me. I repeated(重复) my question several times and at last he understood. He answered me, but he spoke quickly. “I am a foreigner,” I said. Then he spoke slowly, but I could not understand him. My teacher never spoke English like that. The Englishman and I looked at each other and smiled. Then he said something and I understand it. “You’ll soon learn English!” he said. To my surprise, in England, each person speaks a different language. The English people understand the English, but I don’t understand them! Do they speak English? 34．How was the railway station in London? 35．Why did the writer ask the Englishman for help? 36．Why did the writer repeat his question? 37．How did the Englishman speak at first? 38．Did the writer’s teacher speak English like the Englishman? 39．What kind of language does each person speak in England? 六、书面表达 40．俗话说，“一个人走得快，一群人走得远。”这句话体现了团队合作的重要性。请你结合所学知识，以“The Importance of Teamwork”为题，用英语写一篇短文，介绍你对团队合作的认识。 写作要求：1. 文中须列举至少三点原因，可适当发挥；2. 文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称；3. 词数70左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。 参考词汇：reasons原因，finish完成，thoughts思想 The Importance of Teamwork Teamwork is very important in our life. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In short, teamwork can help us in many ways. 原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 （北京）股份有限公司 （北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit2 Language and communication Language and communication 话题 沟通与交流 词汇 1.survey /ˈsɜːveɪ/ n.民意调查 2.among /əˈmʌŋ/ prep.在……当中 3.chart /tʃɑːt/ n.图表；曲线图 4.communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ v.交流；沟通 5.in person亲自；当面 6.text /tekst/ v.(用手机给某人)发短信 7.social /ˈsəʊʃl/ adj.社交的；社会的 8.medium /ˈmiːdiəm/ (pl.media) n.(传播信息的)媒介，手段 9.social media社交媒体 10.chat /tʃæt/ v.闲聊；聊天 11.based on基于 12.per cent (AmE percent) /pəˈsent/ adj.&adv.百分之…… 13.allow /əˈlaʊ/ v.允许；准许 14.emoji /ɪˈməʊdʒi/ n.表情符号 15.booklet /ˈbʊklət/ n.小册子 16.avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ v.避免；防止 17.embarrassment /ɪmˈbærəsmənt/ n.难堪 18.language /ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ/ n.语言 19.earn /ɜːn/ v.挣得；赚得 20.suitable /ˈsuːtəbl/ adj.合适的；适宜的 21.go ahead继续；着手做 22.properly /ˈprɒpəli/ adv.正确地；适当地 23.bit /bɪt/ n.小量 24.a bit有点儿；稍微 25.rude /ru:d/ adj.粗鲁的；无礼的 26.cheer /tʃɪə(r)/ v.欢呼；喝彩；加油 27.cheer for鼓励；支持 28.finger /ˈfɪŋɡə(r)/ n.手指 29.apologise (AmE apologize) /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ v.道歉 30.misunderstand /ˌmɪsʌndəˈstænd/ v.误解；误会 31.palm /pɑːm/ n.手掌；手心 32.upwards /ˈʌpwədz/ adv.向上；向高处 33.request /rɪˈkwest/ n.要求；请求 34.proper /ˈprɒpə(r)/ adj.正确的；恰当的 35.fix /fɪks/ v.解决 36.fault /fɔːlt/ n.责任；过错 37.speech /spiːtʃ/ n.演说；讲话 38.cross /krɒs/ v.穿越；横过 39.divide /dɪˈvaɪd/ n.不同；差异 40.variety /vəˈraɪəti/ n.(同一事物的)不同种类，多种式样 41.accent /ˈæksent/ n.口音 42.in addition此外；另外 43.clothing /ˈkləʊðɪŋ/ n.衣服；服装 44.realise (AmE realize) /ˈriːəlaɪz/ v.认识到；意识到 45.bridge /brɪdʒ/ v.在……上架桥 46.fellow /ˈfeləʊ/ adj.同类的；同伴的 47.interested /ˈɪntrəstɪd/ adj.感兴趣的；关心的 48.pronounce /prəˈnaʊns/ v.发音；读(音) 49.system /ˈsɪstəm/ n.体系；系统 50.gesture /ˈdʒestʃə(r)/ n.手势；姿势 51.forget /fəˈɡet/ v.忘记；遗忘 52.cultural /ˈkʌltʃərəl/ adj.文化的；与文化有关的 53.focus /ˈfəʊkəs/ v.集中(注意力、精力于) 54.situation /ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn/ n.情况；状况 55.regret /rɪˈɡret/ v.感到遗憾；惋惜；懊悔 56.in the end最后；终于 57.prize /praɪz/ n.奖；奖赏 58.hug /hʌɡ/ v.拥抱；搂抱 59.effective /ɪˈfektɪv/ adj.有效的 60.present /prɪˈzent/ v.(以某种方式)展现，显示 语法 副词的比较级与最高级 考点1. communication n.沟通；交流 Effective communication is important in a large organisation.有效的沟通在大型组织中很重要。 【提示】communication club是学生们所组织的沟通社团。类似于shoe shop,sports meet等，这里用名词communication 修饰名词club, 明确社团的属性。 【联想】communicate v.沟通；交流 常用communicate with sb.表达“与某人交流”。 We communicate with each other mostly by email.我们彼此之间主要通过电子邮件沟通。 考点2. social adj.社交的；社会的 Taking part in social activities can improve your communication skills.参与社交活动可以提高你的沟通能力。 【联想】society n.社 会 In modern society, technology plays an important role in everyday life.在现代社会中，技术在日常生活中起着重要的作用。 socially adv.在社会方面；在社交方面 He felt socially awkward at the party because he didn't knanyone.他在聚会上感到社交尴尬，因为他不认识任何人。 考点3.chat v.闲聊；聊天 n. 聊 天 I chatted with my friend about my plan for the weekend.我和我的朋友聊了聊周末的计划。 I had a nice chat with my neighbour this morning.今天早上我和邻居聊得很愉快。 【提示】第一个句子中chat 是 动 词 。chat with sb.about sth.的意思是“和某人聊一聊某事”。注意chat 的过去式、过去分词以及现在分词均要双写t (chat-chatted-chatted;chat-chatting) 。 have a chat with sb.about sth.表示“和某人就某事聊个天”。 考点4. embarrassment n.尴尬；难堪 He felt a deep sense of embarrassment when he mispronounced her name. 当他读错她的名字时，他感到深深的尴尬。 【联想】embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的 embarrassed adj.感到尴尬的 It was an embarrassing moment when I forgot the host's name at the party. 在聚会上忘记主持人的名字是一个尴尬的时刻。 She was embarrassed to admit that she didn't understand the local customs. 她感到很尴尬，承认自己不理解当地的习俗。 考点5. mind v.注意；介意 Please mind the gap between the train and the platform.请注意列车和站台之间的缝隙 Do you mind if I sit here?你介意我坐在这里吗? Would you mind helping me with this project?你介意在这个项目上帮我一下吗? 【提示】mind 作动词时有不同的含义。它可以表示“小心；注意”,如文中的 mind your body language,以及例句中的mind the gap。它也可以表示 “介意”,如“Do you mind if I…”或 mind doing…。另外，mind 还可以作名词，表示“头脑；决心”。 She has a brilliant mind and does well in all her studies.她有一个聪明的头脑，所有学业都很出色。 He made up his mind to travel abroad.他决定出国旅行。 考点6. bit n.小量 During our conversation,he shared interesting bits of information about Chinese culture.在我们的交谈中，他分享了一些关于中国文化的有趣信息。 a bit有点儿；稍微 I'm feeling a bit tired after the long journey.长途旅行后我感到有点累。 Could you speak a bit louder?I can't hear you clearly.你能说得更大声一点吗?我听不清楚。 I need a bit of help with cross-cultural communication.我需要一点儿跨文化交流方面的帮助。 【提示】如上面三个例子所示，a bit后面可以加形容词或副词的原级，表示“有点儿……”;也可以加形容词或副词的比较级，表示“更……一点儿”, 用来修饰比较的程度；还可以在a bit of后面加名词，表示“一些……”。 考点7.cheer v.欢呼；喝彩；加油；鼓励 The fans cheered for their favourite singer at the concert.粉丝们在演唱会上为他们最喜欢的歌手加油助威。 【提示】可以用cheer(…)up表示“鼓励；振奋”。 A good joke can always cheer me up when I'm having a bad day.一个好笑话总能在我过得不顺的时候让我开心起来。 另外，cheer 还可作名词，表示“欢呼；喝彩声”。 When her speech finished,there was a loud cheer from the audience.当她的演讲结束时，观众中发出一阵响亮的欢呼声。 “Cheers!" 也常用在祝酒时，表示“干杯!”。 考点8.apologise (AmE apologize) v.道歉 She apologised to her friend for being late.她为迟到向她的朋友道歉。 【提示】apologise to sb.for sth./doing sth.(为某事向某人道歉)。近义词组为say sorry to sb.for sth./doing sth.。上述例句可改写为“She said sorry to her friend for being late.",但 apologise更为正式。以下副词常与apologise搭配 ：sincerely apologise(真诚道歉),publicly apologise(公开道歉)。 【联想】apology n.道歉；认错 以下动词常与apology搭配使用：make an apology(致歉) ,accept one's apology(接受某人的道歉),owe sb.an apology(欠某人一个道歉)。 Please accept my apologies for not attending the meeting.请接受我未能参加会议的歉意。 考点9. sweep n.挥 动 With a swift sweep of her arm,she cleared the table.随着她手臂快速一挥，她把桌子清理干净了。 【提示】sweep 还可以作动词，表示“扫除；横扫”。 She swept the kitchen floor after dinner.晚饭后，她扫了厨房的地板。 The new technology swept the world,changing how people communicate. 新技术席卷了全球，改变了人们的沟通方式。 考点10.cultural adj.文化的；与文化有关的 【提示】以下是cultural的常见搭配： cultural difference文化差异 cultural event文化活动 cultural awareness 文化意识 cultural exchange文化交流 【联想】culture n.文化 culturally adv.在文化方面 Travelling allows you to experience different cultures.旅行让你体验不同的文化。 The city is culturally diverse,with many different communities living together.这个城市在文化上是多元化的，许多不同的社群共同生活。 考点11.interested adj.感兴趣的；关心的 【提示】常用搭配：be interested in … .对……感兴趣 I've always been interested in music. 我一直对音乐感兴趣。 近义词组：be fond of .…./be keen on …对… … 热衷 课文中be interested in后面接的不是一个名词，而是一个宾语从句，由疑问词how引导一个陈述句。类似的表达有： Scientists are interested in why some students perform better than others.科学家们对为什么有些学生表现比其他学生好感兴趣。 She is interested in what the story is mainly about.她对这个故事是讲什么的很感兴趣。 【联想】interest n.兴 趣 v. 使 …… 感兴趣 interesting adj.有趣的 She has a strong interest in learning foreign languages.她对学外语有浓厚的兴趣。 The new exhibition at the museum really interested me.博物馆的新展览引起了我的兴趣。 【提示】以-ed 结尾的形容词往往表示人的感受，以-ing 结尾的形容往往表 示事物的特质，除了interested和 interesting 之外，还有以下这些形容词： surprised感到惊讶的 excited 感到兴奋的 disappointed 感到失望的 amazed 感到惊叹的 amused 被逗乐的 frightened 感到害怕的 surprising 令人惊讶的 exciting 令人兴奋的 disappointing 令人失望的 amazing 令人惊叹的 amusing 好笑的 frightening 令人害怕的 比较级意义的表示 “形容词／副词比较级＋than” 表示一方超过或低于另一方的情况，意为“·····高于或低于······”。 Lucy is prettier than her sister.露西比她的妹妹漂亮。 “比较级＋and+比较级” 意为“越来越··.···”。 More and more people are losing their jobs.越来越多的人失业。 “the+比较级，the+比较级” 常表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度平行增长，意为“越......越......”。 The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心，犯的错误就会越少。 “the+比较级＋of the two(+名词）” 表示“两者中较······的”。 Look at the two boys. Ben is the taller of the two.看那两个男孩，本是两个人中较高的那个。 最高级意义的表示 “the+最高级＋比较范围” 表示“······是······中最······的”。 Who gets up the earliest of all in your dormitory?你们宿舍谁起得最早？ “one of the+最高级＋复数名词” 表示“最······之一”。 The river is one of the longest rivers in our country.这条河是我国最长河流之一。 比较级用于否定句或与never,nothing等否定词连用 表示最高级含义。 I've never had a more pleasant trip before.我以前从未有过如此快乐的旅行。（这是最快乐的一次旅行） 一、单项选择 1．Who do you like ________, the English teacher, the math teacher or the Chinese teacher? A．best B．well C．good D．fine 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你最喜欢谁，英语老师、数学老师还是语文老师？ 考查最高级。根据“the English teacher, the math teacher or the Chinese teacher”可知，是三者比较，应用最高级best。故选A。 2．Mike is good at running. He runs as ________ as his brother. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 【答案】A 【详解】句意：迈克擅长跑步。他跑得和他哥哥一样快。 考查副词原级的用法。as…as结构中间要用形容词或副词的原级，故选A。 3．The boys are running as ________ as they can. A．quick B．fast C．excited D．surprised 【答案】B 【详解】句意：男孩子们正尽可能快地奔跑。 考查形容词及副词辨析。quick快速的，形容词；fast快的，快速地，既是形容词又是副词；excited兴奋的，形容词；surprised惊讶的，形容词。as...as中间接形容词或者副词原级。由于修饰动词“are running”，用副词。故选B。 4．Li speaks English______, Chen speaks ________, and I speak ___________. A．good… better… the best B．well… better… best C．good… well… badly D．badly… well… well 【答案】B 【详解】句意：李英语讲得好，陈讲得更好，我讲得最好。 考查副词的原级、比较级与最高级。A. good… better… the best好的，更好，最好；B. well… better… best好地，更好，最好；C. good… well… badly好的，好地，差地；D. badly… well… well差地，好地，好地。横线处都是修饰动词speak，所以用副词，故排除AC。又根据句意可知第一句是陈述句，没有比较含义，应该用原级；第二句是两者在比较，应该用比较级；第三句比较人数达到三人，应该用最高级，故选B。 【点睛】两者之间进行比较用比较级，三者及以上进行比较用最高级。 5．Swimming is my favorite sport. I like swimming_____________. A．good B．well C．better D．best 【答案】D 【详解】句意：游泳是我最喜欢的运动。我最喜欢游泳。 考查最高级辨析。like喜欢，动词需用副词修饰；good（好的）是形容词，可排除。well好地，better是其比较级，best是最高级。根据上文Swimming is my favorite sport. 游泳是我最喜欢的运动，可知最喜欢游泳，需用最高级，故选D。 6．He works ________ in his class. A．harder B．hardest C．the most hard D．the harder 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他在他的班里学习最努力。 考查最高级。harder更努力地，比较级；hardest最努力地，最高级；the most hard错误表达；the harder定冠词+比较级。根据“in his class”可知，在全班范围内比较，使用最高级。故选B。 7．________ you speak, ________ your English will be. A．The more; the less B．The less; the better C．The more; the better D．The less; the more 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你说的越多，你的英语就会越好。 考查比较级。the more更多；the less更少；the better更好；根据“...you speak,...your English will be.”可知，应表达说的越多，英语会越好。故选C。 8．—Which sport do you like ________, swimming or running? —I like swimming better. A．good B．well C．better D．best 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——游泳和跑步，你更喜欢哪项运动？——我更喜欢游泳。 考查副词比较级。good好的；well好，副词；better更好；best最好。这里是在“swimming”和“running”两项运动之间进行比较，询问更喜欢哪一项，用比较级，“like...better”表示“更喜欢……”，故选C。 9．My sister works much ________than me, so I will learn from her. A．hard B．harder C．hardest D．the hardest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的妹妹比我工作要更努力，因此我要向她学习。 考查副词的比较级。hard原级，努力地；harder比较级，更努力地；hardest最高级，最努力地；the hardest最高级，最努力地。根据“much…than me”可知，此处要用比较级。故选B。 10．She runs ________ than her brother. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她跑得比她哥哥快。 考查副词比较级。fast原级；faster比较级；fastest最高级；the fastest最高级。根据than可知用比较级，fast的比较级是faster。故选B。 11．— Who did it better, Kate or Lily? — I think Kate did _______ Lily. A．as better as B．as good as C．as well as D．as badly than 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——谁做得更好，凯特还是丽丽？——我认为凯特和丽丽做得一样好。 考查形容词及副词用法。根据“Who did it better, Kate or Lily? ”和“I think Kate did...Lily.”可知，空处应用副词well修饰动词did，结合语境，此处表示两者一样好，用结构as+形容词/副词原级+as“和……一样”，空处应用as well as。故选C。 12．—Tom is the fastest runner in his class. —Yes. But he doesn’t run as ________ as Jimmy in my class. A．fast B．faster C．slow D．slower 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——汤姆是他们班跑得最快的。——是的。但是他跑得不如我们班的吉米快。 考查副词辨析和副词原级。fast快，比较级为faster；slow慢速地，比较级为slower。根据“as…as”可知，考查as…as结构，中间加形容词或副词原级，结合“Tom is the fastest runner in his class.”可知，此处指跑得不如吉米快，故选A。 二、阅读理解 Alex and his friends are talking about teamwork and sharing their experiences about teamwork. Alex     Teamwork is fun! I joined a science project group. We four usually did different experiments (实验) together. We had fun working together. Bella     Teamwork can be hard sometimes, but it brings a lot of advantages. With the help of my teammates, I improved my soccer skills greatly. Charlie     Teammates are like your brothers and sisters. They care for you. I didn’t like eating breakfast but my teammates usually brought something to eat for me.   Daisy     Teamwork helps you improve yourselves. My teammates and I put on dramas and cheered up each other. We became more confident (自信的). 13．Who was in a science project group? A．Alex. B．Bella. C．Charlie. D．Daisy. 14．What did teamwork help her do according to (根据) Bella? A．Develop a good eating habit. B．Become more confident. C．Build trust in her teammates. D．Improve her soccer skills. 15．How did Charlie’s teammates help him? A．By sharing new ideas with him. B．By bringing him breakfast. C．By cheering him up. D．By helping him with his study. 16．Which of the following teams may Daisy be in? A．An art team. B．A soccer team. C．A drama team. D．A reading team. 17．Which of the following sentences may be NOT right according to the text? A．There are four members in Alex’s team. B．Bella has better soccer skills. C．Charlie feels love and care in his team. D．Daisy’s team is the best in her school. 【答案】13．A 14．D 15．B 16．C 17．D 【导语】本文介绍了亚历克斯和他的朋友们正在谈论团队合作，并分享他们的团队合作经历。 13．细节理解题。根据“Alex...I joined a science project group.”可知，亚历克斯加入科学项目小组，故选A。 14．细节理解题。根据“Bella...Teamwork can be hard sometimes, but it brings a lot of advantages. With the help of my teammates, I improved my soccer skills greatly.”可知，团队合作帮助贝拉提高她的足球技能。故选D。 15．细节理解题。根据“Charlie...I didn’t like eating breakfast but my teammates usually brought something to eat for me.”可知，查理的队友通过给他带早餐来帮助他，故选B。 16．推理判断题。根据“Daisy...My teammates and I put on dramas and cheered up each other.”可知，黛西可能在戏剧小组，故选C。 17．推理判断题。根据“Teamwork helps you improve yourselves. My teammates and I put on dramas and cheered up each other. We became more confident (自信的).”可知，文中没有介绍黛西团队是学校最好的团队，因此D项与原文不符，故选D。 “How are you?” is a nice question. It’s a friendly way that people greet each other. But when a man says “How are you?”, he hopes to hear the answer “Fine”, even if his friend isn’t fine. The reason is that “How are you?” isn’t really a question, and “fine” isn’t really an answer. They are like saying “Hello” or “Hi”. Sometimes people also don’t say exactly what they mean. For example, when someone asks “Do you agree (同意)?”, other people may be thinking, “No, I don’t agree.” But it doesn’t sound very polite (礼貌的), so they often say, “I’m not so sure.” It is a nicer way. When you want to finish talking with your friend, you may say “I have to go now.” Sometimes you give an excuse, “I have much homework to do.” and so on. This is a polite way to stop a conversation and it doesn’t hurt (伤害) people’s feelings. People don’t always say exactly what they think. And it’s a part of the game of language. 18．How many ways to greet people are mentioned (提及) in the passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 19．If people ask “Do you agree?”, what is a polite answer? A．No, I don’t agree. B．Yes, I agree. C．I don’t think so. D．I’m not sure. 20．In Paragraph 3, the word “excuse” means ______. A．reason B．sorry C．mistake D．subject 21．Why do people sometimes say things, but they don’t mean that? A．To hurt other people’s feelings. B．To be nice to other people. C．To greet with other people. D．To play games with other people. 22．What is the best title (题目) of the passage? A．How to answer questions? B．How to stop a conversation? C．How to be polite? D．How to say “No”? 【答案】18．C 19．D 20．A 21．B 22．C 【导语】本文讲述了语言交流中人们常常用一些惯用表达来保持礼貌和友好，而不是直接表达真实想法。 18．细节理解题。根据“How are you?”、“They are like saying ‘Hello’ or ‘Hi’.”可知，文章提到了三种问候他人的方式。故选C。 19．细节理解题。根据“when someone asks ‘Do you agree (同意)?’, other people may be thinking, ‘No, I don’t agree.’ But it doesn’t sound very polite (礼貌的), so they often say, ‘I’m not so sure.’ It is a nicer way.”可知，“Do you agree?”时通常的礼貌回答是“I’m not so sure.”。故选D。 20．词义猜测题。根据“‘I have much homework to do.’ and so on. This is a polite way to stop a conversation and it doesn’t hurt (伤害) people’s feelings.”可知，当说“I have to go now.”时，有时会提供一个借口，如“我有很多作业要做”，这是一种礼貌的结束谈话方式。由此可知，“excuse”在此处暗指“理由”。故选reason。 21．细节理解题。根据“Sometimes people also don’t say exactly what they mean.”和“This is a polite way to stop a conversation and it doesn’t hurt (伤害) people’s feelings.”可知，人们不总是说出他们真正的意思，这样做是为了变得更友好。故选B。 22．最佳标题题。整篇文章主要讲述人们在交流中如何通过间接的方式来显得礼貌的方式，因此“How to be polite?”是最佳标题。故选C。 三、完形填空 Every Saturday morning, there is a line of boys and girls on Garden Street. They are waiting to see a film. The film 23 starts before eight o’clock. But the boys and girls can’t wait to come earlier every time. They don’t mind (介意) waiting for a long time at all. One Saturday morning, there was a very interesting film. Tom came running down the street. He wanted to be one of the 24 to get in. He walked up to the front of the line and pushed his way in there. Now Tom pushed his way right in front of Peter, and no other people were in front of him. Peter did not say a word. Instead, he reached up and 25 Tom’s hat. He handed the hat to the boy behind him and said, “Pass it back, John.” John passed the hat to the girl 26 him. “Pass it on,Kate,” John said to the girl. The children passed the hat very quickly to Betty at the end of the line. Tom looked at Peter and asked, “Where’s my hat?” Peter pointed down the line. There, at the end of the line, Betty was holding up Tom’s hat. Everybody 27 but said nothing. Tom stood there for some time. Then he walked all the way to Betty. “Here’s your hat,” she said politely. Tom goes to see the film on Saturday morning as before. But now he goes straight to the end of the line and waits for his 28 to buy the tickets. From that day, he learns to be a polite boy who should be wait in line. 23．A．always B．often C．usually D．never 24．A．first B．best C．last D．least 25．A．pulled over B．pulled off C．pulled back D．pulled up 26．A．in front of B．beside C．behind D．under 27．A．jumped B．smiled C．shouted D．cried 28．A．line B．round C．call D．turn 【答案】23．A 24．A 25．B 26．C 27．B 28．A 【分析】本文是记叙文，短文围绕汤姆插队买票看电影展开叙述，彼得巧妙地让汤姆意识到自己插队的错误，从此汤姆就排队买票了。 23．句意：电影总是在八点钟之前开始。 always总是；often经常；usually通常；never从不。根据“But the boys and girls can’t wait to come earlier every time”可知，虽然电影总是很晚开始，但孩子们每次都早来，后面三项不合语境，故选A。 24．句意：他想成为第一批进入的人之一。 first第一；best最好的；last最后的；most最多的。根据上下文“Tom came running down the street…He walked up to the front of the line”可知，Tom想成为第一批进去的人，故选A。 25．句意：相反，他伸手摘下了汤姆的帽子。 pulled over靠边停下；pulled off成功完成；pulled back退出；pulled up使突然中断。根据题干 “he reached up and…Tom’s hat”，可知是脱下汤姆的帽子，ACD三项不合语境，故选B。 26．句意：约翰把帽子递给他后面的女孩。 in front of在……前面；beside在……旁边；behind在……后面；under在……下面。根据上文Peter的话“Pass it back, John”可知，彼得让约翰把帽子传给后面的人，故选C。 27．句意：大家都笑了，但什么也没说。 jumped跳；smiled笑；shouted大喊；cried哭。根据下文“but said nothing”，汤姆的帽子被传到了队尾，可知大家都笑了，其他三项不合语境。故选B。 28．句意：但现在，他径直走到队伍的末尾，等着轮到他买票。 line线、队列；round场；call通话；turn（依次轮到的）机会。根据“But now he goes straight to the end of the line”可知，这里是说汤姆也排队买票，故选A。 四、短文填空 Yesterday morning, Mr Lee asked us to s 29 a difficult math problem through our teamwork. Then we worked together in a group of four. We talked about many different ways to figure out the problems. We learned to r 30 each other’s ideas or thoughts. L 31 , we round the answer after half an hour. Now, we are so c 32 that we can face any problem. If we work together, we will have a big s 33 . 【答案】29．(s)olve 30．(r)espect 31．(L)uckily 32．(c)onfident 33．(s)uccess 【导语】本文讲了李老师让我们团队合作解难题，互相尊重，最终成功解决，增强了团队自信心。 29．句意：昨天上午，李老师要求我们通过团队合作解决一道数学难题。根据“a difficult math problem”及下文“figure out the the problems”可知，此处指解决难题，solve“解决”符合句意；根据“asked us to”可知，考查ask sb. to do sth.“叫某人做某事”，所以填动词原形。故填(s)olve。 30．句意：我们讨论了许多不同的方法来解决问题，我们学会了尊重彼此的意见或想法。根据“each other’s ideas or thoughts”可知，此处指“尊重意见和想法”，respect“尊重”符合句意；根据“we learned to”可知，考查learn to do sth.“学会做某事”，所以填动词原形。故填(r)espect。 31．句意：幸运的是，半个小时后我们就得到了答案。根据“we round the answer after half an hour.”可知，解决问题是幸运地，修饰整个句子用副词形式，luckily“幸运地”符合句意。句首单词首字母大写，故填(L)uckily。 32．句意：现在，我们非常有信心面对任何问题。根据“we are so ... that we can face any problem”可知，此空填形容词，有信心才能面对任何问题，confident“有信心的”符合句意。故填(c)onfident。 33．句意：如果我们共同努力，我们将取得巨大成功。根据“a”可知，此空填名词；根据上文可知，我们通过合作，解决了问题，所以通过合作，才会取得成功，success“成功”符合句意。故填(s)uccess。 五、任务型阅读 I arrived in London at last. The railway station was big, black and dark. I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked an Englishman. I not only spoke English very carefully, but also clearly. The Englishman, however, could not understand me. I repeated(重复) my question several times and at last he understood. He answered me, but he spoke quickly. “I am a foreigner,” I said. Then he spoke slowly, but I could not understand him. My teacher never spoke English like that. The Englishman and I looked at each other and smiled. Then he said something and I understand it. “You’ll soon learn English!” he said. To my surprise, in England, each person speaks a different language. The English people understand the English, but I don’t understand them! Do they speak English? 34．How was the railway station in London? 35．Why did the writer ask the Englishman for help? 36．Why did the writer repeat his question? 37．How did the Englishman speak at first? 38．Did the writer’s teacher speak English like the Englishman? 39．What kind of language does each person speak in England? 【答案】34．The railway station was big, black and dark. 35．Because he didn’t know the way to his hotel.                 . 36．Because the Englishman couldn’t understand him. 37．He spoke quickly.                                        . 38．No, he didn’t. 39．Each person speaks a different language. 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在伦敦遇到的语言交流问题。 34．根据“The railway station was big, black and dark”可知，火车站很大，又黑又暗，故填The railway station was big, black and dark. 35．根据“I did not know the way to my hotel, so I asked an Englishman”可知，因为他不知道去酒店的路，故填Because he didn’t know the way to his hotel. 36．根据“The Englishman, however, could not understand me. I repeated(重复) my question several times”可知，因为这个人不明白作者说什么，故填Because the Englishman couldn’t understand him. 37．根据“He answered me, but he spoke quickly”可知，起初他说得很快，故填He spoke quickly. 38．根据“My teacher never spoke English like that”可知，老师从未像那样说英语，故填No, he didn’t. 39．根据“in England, each person speaks a different language”可知，在英国，每个人都说不同的语言，故填Each person speaks a different language. 六、书面表达 40．俗话说，“一个人走得快，一群人走得远。”这句话体现了团队合作的重要性。请你结合所学知识，以“The Importance of Teamwork”为题，用英语写一篇短文，介绍你对团队合作的认识。 写作要求：1. 文中须列举至少三点原因，可适当发挥；2. 文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称；3. 词数70左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。 参考词汇：reasons原因，finish完成，thoughts思想 The Importance of Teamwork Teamwork is very important in our life. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In short, teamwork can help us in many ways. 【答案】例文： The Importance of Teamwork Teamwork is very important in our life. To finish a team task, we usually work together and help each other. In this way, we can finish the task faster and better. By working as a team, we can discuss together and share good ideas. In this way, we can learn from each other and become better. We also usually talk with each other and work with each other when working with our teammates. In this way, we build trust in each other and become good friends.   In short, teamwork can help us in many ways. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇话题作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：结合题干中“俗语”内容，介绍团队合作的重要性以及原因（至少三点），可适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，点明主题。团队合作在日常生活中很重要； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从三个不同方面介绍需要团队合作的原因； 第三步，书写结语。团队合作可以在许多方面帮助我们。 [亮点词汇] ①work together合作 ②each other互相 ③talk with sb.与某人交谈 [高分句型] ①To finish a team task, we usually work together and help each other.（动词不定式表示目的） ②We also usually talk with each other and work with each other when working with our teammates.（when引导时间状语从句） 原创精品资源独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 （北京）股份有限公司 （北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$