第二部分 专题一 第4讲 题型破解——词句猜测题-【衡中学案】2025年高考英语二轮总复习学案

030 15.What is implied in the last paragraph? A.The number of abandoned coal mines is stably increasing. B.The future of sourcing energy from coal mines is promising. C.The dependence on water resources in the UK is decreasing. D.The technique to take advantage of mine water is impressive. 16.What is the text mainly about? A.An innovative way to obtain green energy. B.A method of living in harmony with nature. C.A national project for abandoned facilities. D.A discussion on the future of coal mines. 第4讲 题型破解—词句猜测题 〈高颗考点 研析透 词句猜测题旨在考查考生根据上下文推断单词、短语或句子的本意或外延含义的能力，既可以考查生词的意 义，也可以考查熟词的新意，还可以考查对替代词所替代内容的判断。在阅读理解文章中，常常有一些单词或短 语超出了考试大纲，但又没有附加注释，需要考生猜测词义才能准确理解文章。 考点」词语猜测题 ●辨明题类 词语猜测题是基本上每年必考的阅读理解题型。词义判断是一种阅读技巧和能力，主要考查考生在短时间 内根据上下文快速判断所指定的某一个生词或短语含义的能力，而这些词和词组往往都超出考纲范围，但在文章 阅读中起到一定的作用。 词语猜测题的命题方式有： (1)The underlined word "...in Paragraph...is closest in meaning to (2)What does the underlined word"..."probably mean? (3)The underlined word“..”could best be replaced by“ (4)Which of the following words can take the place of the word "..." (5)By saying“..”,the author means (6)"..."used in the passage can best be defined as ●技法点拨 1.根据定义，释义或同位语进行猜测 (1)科技说明文等文章中，作者通常会对一些关键词或专业术语下定义，通过阅读定义和解释部分，考生便 可理解该词或短语的意思。 (2)需要猜测的单词或短语后面有时会紧跟一个同位语，作为对前面的词或短语的解释说明。 (3)文章下文中常以某种特定方式对前文进行解释，如利用or,that is(to say),in other words,namely等 词语。 (4)用冒号、破折号，括号等对某个词或短语加以解释说明。 Taylor's swift action helped her teammates calm down.One girl called 911.Two more ran to get the school nurse,who brought a defibrillator,an eleetronie device (that can shock the heart back into work.Luck stayed with them:Paris's heartbeat returned. 分析：所猜测单词defibrillator后面出现了同位语“an electronic device(器械)hat can shock the heart back into w©k(一个可以电击心脏使其重新工作的电子器械)”来进行解释说明，我们可推知其词义应为“（心脏）除颤器”。 2.根据构词法进行猜测 英语中通过词根加词缀或合成两个单词的方式可以构成新词。因此，掌握了一定的构词知识，再结合上下文 语境，也可以快速猜测词义。 A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness,uneasiness,or worry. 分析：根据构词法知识我们可知，un-为否定前缀，-ness为名词后缀，easy(舒适)为i词根。因此，我们可知 uneasiness为“不安；担忧”之意。 031 3.根据因果关系进行猜测 在阅读理解文章的句子或段落中，若两个事物或两种现象之间构成因果关系，这时我们可以根据这种因果逻 辑关系推断词或短语的含义。表示因果关系的标志词有because,so,hus,herefore,as a result of,since,so that, so/such..hal..等。 My son could not follow the teacher's directions,he told me,and thus,Scola was disrupting the class.Didn't he know my son did not speak English yet? 试题：What does the underlined word“disrupting”probably mean? A.Breaking. B.Following. C.Attending. D.Disturbing. 分析：画线单词所在的句子出现了因果关系标志词us,由前面的原因“我儿子听不懂老师的指示”可以推 知，“他因此认为我儿子斯科拉干扰了课堂”，符合这一因果逻辑关系。故选D。 4.根据同义或近义关系进行猜测 在画线单词或短语前后有时会出现与之同义或近义的词语或结构，它往往暗示了该词或该短语的含义，这时 可从熟悉的词语中推知生词或短语的含义。常见的表示相同或相近意义的词和短语有ad,or,ike,as well. similarly,too,also,either等。 例t如：The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration(合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid,Spain,and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St.Petersburg, Florida. 试题：What does the underlined word“contributions”refer to? A.Artworks. B.Projects. C.Donations. D.Documents. 分析：画线单词contributions前出现了and,可利用同义或近义关系进行猜测。and前面提到了“The fine selection of the major works(精选的重要作品)”，后面说contributions来自其他机构，由并列关系可以推断出 contributions应该属于works的范骑，同时文中明确表示contributions是来自museum的。故选A。 5.根据转折、对比或反义关系进行猜测 有些需要猜测词义的词或短语前后会出现表示转折或对比的词语，运用这些词语也可以帮助猜测词义。能 体现转折、对比关系的词汇很多，常见的有but,yet,however,.while,unlike,instead(of),on the other hand,rather han,on the contrary等。 In the evening,rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace,with golden light streaming across the grassy delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink.Sedate though they are,rides at this time of day are still very impressive. 试题：What does the underlined word“Sedate”probably mean? A.Wild and romantic.B.Slow and peaceful. C.Hungry and thirsty.D.Active and excited. 分析：画线词语所在句子的句意为“虽然它们 一，但是在一天的这个时候骑马观赏仍然令人印象非 常深刻。”由hough可知，前后两句是转折关系，再结合前一句中提到的“at a more relaxed and unhurried pace'”可 知，应选B项，Sedate意为“不慌不忙的”。故选B。 6.根据上下文进行猜测 有些词语猜测题找不到以上标志线索，这时可以利用上下文提供的情景和线索进行合乎逻辑的综合分析，进 而推测词义，这也是近几年来高考考查的热点。 ○真题体验 (2024·全国甲卷·阅读理解B) Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways.For instance,almost all animals have distinct vocals ( that they rely on to either ask for help,scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills.They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and you're able to interpret it.If a pet cat is hungry,it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food.However, when a cat is looking for affection,they tend to produce stretched and soft meows.Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother's attention and be fed. Cats have many heightened senses,but their sense of smell is quite impressive.They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger.They will sniff out specific areas before they choose a place to relax. 032 However,another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells.Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future.That's why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats,which they don't usually like. Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit,but cats take this behavior up a notch.Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners.This is a very old habit that's been present in all kinds of predators ()Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you.These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it's been in their nature since the beginning of time.So just go along with it! 26.Which best explains the phrase "take...up a notch"in paragraph 3? A.Perform appropriately.B.Move faster. C.Act strangely. D.Do better. 【解题示范】第一步：找出画线短语所在文章中的位置： 第二步：利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测含义：根据“Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit(狗以其令人印象深刻的抓取习惯而闻名)”和“Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners.(许多猫会在外面随意找到一些东西，并把它们带给主人o)”可知，狗以取回 东西而闻名，但猫可以从外边找到东西带回来，因此在这一行为上更上一层楼。短语ake.,叩a notch是用来形 容猫在带回东西这一行为上做得更好或更出色。故选 考点2代词指代题 ●辨明题类 判断替代词的指代内容，要求考生判断代词(it,one,hey,his,hat,hese,hose,which等)或代动词(do,does, did等)具体替代什么。 ●技法点拨 1.代词指代题常出现在人物或事物变换多、动作转换频繁的语境中，考生应根据语境判断人称代词、不定代 词和指示代词。有时也会考查定语从句中关系代词的指代内容。 2.代动词do,does,did一般用来替代前文中出现的一个动词短语，以避免重复。 3.设问形式常有： (1)What does the underlined word "this/it/them/which..."refer to? (2)The underlined part "it/that/they/which..."in Paragraph...refers to (3)What does the underlined word "do/does/did"in Paragraph...mean/refer to? 判定指代三步法 第一步：确定代词在文中所指代的内容： 弄清代词指代的是前文中的人、物还是一件事，要用单数还是复数。 第二步：掌握代词的含义、用法 (1)it/his/hat可指代一件事。 (2)i/he/hem/hey/one/hose指上文提到的人或物。 (3)which/.hal/who等关系代词指代其所修饰的先行词，非限制性定语从句中which可指代前面整句话的 内容。 第三步：替换核实再比较。 (1)用所找的指代内容替换画线代词，核实句意是否合理，前后内容是否一致。 (2)比较所代部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。 ●真题体验 (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解C) Over the last seven years,most states have banned texting by drivers,and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel. Yet the problem,by just about any measure,appears to be getting worse.Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos.Road accidents,which had fallen for years,are now rising sharply. That is partly because people are driving more,but Mark Rosekind,the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety 033 Administration,said distracted(分心)driving was“only increasing,.unfortunately.” "Big change requires big ideas."he said in a speech last month,referring broadly to the need to improve road safety.So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior,lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach:They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving. An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer.It would work like this:An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity.The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted,emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws. "We need something on the books that can change people's behavior,said Felix W.Ortiz,who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers.If the Textalyzer bill becomes law,he said,"people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone." 30.What does the underlined word "something"in the last paragraph refer to? A.Advice. B.Data. C.Tests. D.Laws 【解题示范】第一步：根据题千中的 ,确定画线代词在文章中的段落； 第二步：迅速扫读文章的最后一段，特别是画线代词所在句“We need something on the books that can change people'sbehavior(我们霄要一些能改变人们行为的东西)”可知，something是能够改变人们的行为的事情。根据 F"If the Textalyzer bill becomes law,he said,'people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.'(他说，如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，'人们会更害怕拿起手机。')”可知，人们的行为会改变的条件是当 Textalyzer法案成为法律。受到法律的约束和惩罚，司机们才不会在开车的时候使用手机。故something指代的是 法律。故选 考点3句意猜测题 ●辩明题类 句意猜测题一般出现在前后文有解释的特殊含义的语句或高度概括句中，要求考生用合适的句子解释这一 语句或这一语句的某一部分。锁定语句前后，寻找意义吻合是解题的关键。 ●技法点拨 第一步：在原文中定位画线句： 第二步：查找画线句前后的关键信息句： 第三步：仔细阅读与画线句有意义关联的信息句，合理推断画线句的句意： 第四步：归纳总结，仔细比对选项，确定答案。 ●真题体验 (2021·全国甲卷·阅读理解C) Southbank,at an eastern bend in the Thames,is the center of British skateboarding,where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing.I loved it.I soon made friends with the local skaters.We spoke our own language. And my favorite:Safe.Safe meant cool.It meant hello.It meant don't worry about it.Once,when trying a certain trick on the beam(),I fell onto the stones,damaging a nerve in my hand,and Toby came over,helping me up:Safe,man. Safe.A few minutes later,when I landed the trick,my friends beat their boards loud,shouting:"Safe!Safe!Safe!" And that's what mattered-landing tricks,being a good skater. 9.What do the underlined words“Safe！Safe！Safe!”probably mean? A.Be careful! B.Well done！ C.No way！ D.Don't worry! 【解题示范】第一步：定位画线句，在原文第二段： 第二步：查找画线句后面的关键信息句：“And that''swhat mattered-一landing tricks,being a good skater..”; 第三步：仔细阅读与画线句有意义关联的信息句，合理推断画线句的句意：根据画线词下文“And that's what mattered-一landing唱tricks,being a good skater.(那才是真正重要的一滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板 玩家。)”可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友大声欢呼，因此可以推出本句的Sfe是黄美的含义。结 合选项，故选 034 模拟精练提考能 A (2024·江西省宜春市高三一模)】 "You're as stupid as a goat.It is a common insult in Nigeria.Recently a study published in Animal Behaviour suggested that's just not true. Alan MeElligott,associate professor of animal behavior and welfare in City University of Hong Kong conducted a study in cooperation with Marianne Mason,an expert in the cognitive abilities of goats in England. In the experiment,a speaker was hidden to play a recording of a human saying"Hey,look over here!"with two versions-a happy one and an angry one.When the study's 27 goat participants entered the pen one by one,the speaker would play either the positive or negative version 9 times in a row.At first the goats would respond by looking up and even looking for the source of the sound.But after a few repetitions,they would just stop paying attention.Then the speaker switched to play the opposite version three times.71%of those disinterested goats lifted their ears and looked up in the direction of the sound.Among those newly engaged goats,some started to investigate the source of the sound longer than in the initial stages of the experiment.suggesting they noticed the emotions had changed. The finding is a case in point of the intelligence of goats.Actually,experienced goat farmers have already known that their livestock are discriminating listeners and respond well to kind treatment.So why do such a study if that's already known?"By showing this ability in goats,we're trying to move the needle in terms of opening people's eyes to the cognitive abilities of livestocks.Our overall goal is to get people to think about animals in a different way.to treat them a little bit better,"says Mason.The two researchers hope that people will start to understand these livestocks deserve to be nicely treated,especially as we are using them for our milk products and meat. 1.What did Alan MeElligott and Marianne Mason work together on? A.The intelligence of goats. B.Social abilities of animals. C.Distinctive behavior of goats. D.Animal welfare in Hong Kong. 2.What do we know about the experiment? A.The 27 goats paid no attention to the voice all the time. B.The majority of goats noticed the change of the emotions. C.The speaker kept playing the positive version throughout the experiment. D.The goats kept responding to the source of the sound in the initial stages. 3.Which is closest in meaning to the underlined words "move the needle"in paragraph 4? A.Adjust a study goal. B.Shift the public's attention. C.Make a positive change. D.Change the original structure. 4.What is the last paragraph mainly about? A.The background of the study. B.The main purpose of the study. C.The farmers'reactions to the study. D.The wisdom of some goat farmers. B (2024·重庆市九龙坡区高三三模) During Yang Zhongkai's early years,a 500-year-old majestic ginkgo tree that did not sprout leaves for two to three years at a stretch used to be a daily sight for him on his way to and from high school.Since villagers widely regarded the tree as having the power to make their wishes come true,they used to kneel down in front of the "lucky"tree and burn offerings under it,which led to prolonged heat exposure at its roots,stunting its growth. "Millions of such old trees are in urgent need of protection given their importance as vital biological resources and symbols of ecological civilization,"said Yang,who started the team-Zhiyue-dedicated to protecting ancient trees. "But the recording and management of ancient and famous trees nationwide commonly rely on Excel spreadsheets(f )which present issues such as information silos,lack of real-time updates and incomplete content,"he said. However,things have changed of late.Yang and his team now use the artificial intelligence technology developed by Teneent Cloud to identify and register trees accurately based on individual traits and GPS tracking."With the acceleration of a new generation of technological revolution and industrial transformation,new technologies bring more excitement to the protection of ancient trees,"Yang said."We can now collect data on the trees'growth,health and environment in 035 real time,which helps us make informed decisions on how to better protect them." "In addition to applying cutting-edge technologies such as AI and large models to assist in the development of traditional industries,the company also makes great efforts to promote the development of charitable causes through technological and platform advantages,"Wu Yunsheng said,vice-president of Tencent Cloud,adding that "the power of technology can change the world". 5.What does the underlined word "stunting"in paragraph I probably mean? A.Preventing. B.Promoting. C.Measuring. D.Maintaining. 6.What problem did ancient trees face according to paragraph 2? A.The lack of effective protection measures. B.The risk of information loss and accuracy. C.The destruction by local villagers. D.The extreme heat from burning. 7.What do we know about Tencent Cloud's new technology? A.It enables the collection of real-time data on trees'growth. B.It is a valuable tool for people to protect the ecosystem. C.It has been widely used in the traditional industries. D.It can quickly update the number of trees in China. 8.Which is probably the best title for the text? A.Modern Technology Advances Charitable Causes B.Ancient Tree Management is Vital for Biodiversity C.Ancient Trees Hold Cultural Traditions D.New Technology Helps Tree Protection (2024·浙江省台州市高三二模】 When instant cake mixes first appeared in the 1950s,American housewives were doubtful.These mixes,promising easy cake-baking,felt too easy.The manufacturers discovered that requiring the addition of an egg in the baking process was just enough to make the housewives happy with their work.The greater sense of effort gained from a little extra labor is believed to have been essential to the later success of the cake mix. This reflects the IKEA effect(宜家效应)，which is identified by psychologist Michael I.Norton and his colleagues, suggesting we place greater value on things we have worked to create.They conducted four studies in which they asked participants to fold paper cranes and frogs,assemble IKEA boxes,and build sets of Legos.They then asked the builders to bid (for their creations,and compared the prices with bids from people who hadn't built them.The builders consistently outbid the non-builders. Interestingly,the IKEA effect works even when people have no opportunity to fully personalize their creations.While most participants'folding skills left much to be desired,they loved their imperfectly personalized products all the more. Builders valued their wrinkled crane-like creations nearly five times as much as non-builders.Beauty,it seems,is in the eye of the builder. Today,as cities are suffering from severe housing crises,the IKEA effect can give us insight into the well-being benefits of a self-building approach to housing development.Projects like WikiHouse and the "half-a-house"approach pioneered by Alejandro Aravena's architecture company Elemental are working to make housing more affordable and sustainable by making it easier for people to build and personalize their own homes. "The moment people are involved with their built environment,they have a totally different relationship to it," WikiHouse co-founder Alastair Parvin explained."When the roof starts leaking or a door starts creaking,they have the power to fix it themselves. 9.What brought customers the joy of cake-baking according to paragraph 1? A.A better taste. B.An easy approach. C.A detailed recipe. D.An additional effort. 10.What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 imply? A.Creations are based on skills. B.Extra labor increases perceived value. C.Beauty is found through contrast. D.Strict management brings good quality. 11.What is Alastair Parvin's attitude towards public involvement in housing? A.Critical. B.Objective. C.Doubtful. D.Supportive. 036 12.What's the purpose of this text? A.To promote a brand. B.To make a proposal. C.To explain a concept. D.To introduce a study. D (2024·贵州省贵阳市高三一模】 Bees are more than just honey-makers.They are essential pollinators (that help maintain the balance of our ecosystems and the diversity of our crops.Bees are among the most diverse and plentiful insects on Earth,with over 20,0O0 species worldwide,They belong to the order Hymenoptera(翅目昆虫)，which also includes wasps,ants,and sawflies. Bees have evolved to feed on nectar (and pollen from flowers,and in doing so,they transfer pollen from one flower to another,enabling fertilization (and reproduction.This process,called pollination,is essential for the survival of many plants,especially those that produce fruits,nuts,seeds,and vegetables that we eat. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO),bees and other pollinators affect 35%of global agricultural land,supporting the production of 87%of the leading food crops worldwide. Pollination also enhances the quality and quantity of the crops,as well as their resistance to pests and diseases. Without bees and other pollinators,our food supply and our biodiversity would be at risk. Unfortunately,bees are facing many threats,such as habitat loss,pesticide use,climate change,diseases,and invasive species.The FAO estimates that 16.5%of vertebrate (pollinators and 40%of invertebrate pollinators,such as bees,are facing extinction.This could have serious consequences for our food security,our livelihoods,and our environment. Therefore,it is important to protect the bees and their habitats,and to raise awareness about their role and value. One way to appreciate and support the bees is to learn how to identify them and observe their behavior.You might be surprised by the diversity and beauty of the bees that visit your backyard,garden,or balcony. 13.Why are pollinators important? A.They help the bees fertilize. B.They keep the crops diverse. C.They support the bees to make honey. D.They protect insects such as wasps. 14.What is the second paragraph mainly about? A.How pollination works. B.How the flowers attract bees. C.How the bees reproduce. D.How the plants produce fruits. 15.What does the underlined word "This"in Paragraph 5 probably refer to? A.Climate change. B.Pesticide use. C.Pollinators'survival crisis. D.Bees'habitat loss. 16.Which would be the best title for the text? A.A duty:Protect Bees'Habitat B.A Means:Observe Bees'Behaviour C.Bees:Maintainers of the Ecosystem D.Bees:Consumers at the Top of the Food Chain 第5讲 体裁破解 应用文 〈高频考点 研析透 应用文是一种非常贴近日常生活的文体，包括通知、广告、便条、申请书、个人简介、商品说明与介绍等，形式 多样，用最少的篇幅传达最大量的信息。标题醒目，常用粗体字或各类题目符号使文章结构更加鲜明。人名、地 名、专用名词较多，生词较多：缩略词、祈使句、省略句较多，结构不完整，目的是向读者传输大量信息。命题角度 主要考查考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题的考查，题目 设置相对容易。 ●辨明题类 应用文阅读理解设题以细节题为主，因此，阅读这类文章时，应该在整体把握文章结构的前提下，重点注意细 节信息，题干大多是相应原文的变形（如同义句改写，词性转换等），要想找到答案就要找到题干在原文中的出 处，再把原文和选项做比较。%%@3!细节理解题! 根据第二段"R'(+()(6+?'(+)62607b(= &'( 9(2()*8(6?' 8,)' ,2 J(6+O)=6&6)(&62= ?*2)&+1?&(= 62 (/*01&,*26+7&+((@$研究人员分析了J(6+数据集中每条鱼的 基因#并构建了一棵进化树!%'可知#J(6+通过提供鱼的基 因数据帮助研究人员得出结论! 故选3! %.@$!标题归纳题! 根据第一段"$+(?(2&)&1=7?*2=1?&(= :7 &'(a6))6?'1)(&)A2)&,&1&(*8R(?'2*0*97$aAR% '6)=,)?*/(+(= &'6&+,/(+(+*),*2 @@@&'()()(56+6&(8,)' 5*5106&,*2)(/*0/(= ,2&* =,)&,2?&86-,0,()<,&' 9(2(&,?=,8(+(2?()@'结合文章主要内容 可知#$选项"河流侵蚀影响鱼类进化'最符合文章标题! 故 选$! 3 !!%语篇解读&!本文是一篇说明文! 文章介绍的是英国利 用废弃煤矿来供应绿色能源#通过从地热水中获取热能来取暖 和发电! 这项创新方法已在Z6&()'(6=镇成功实施#这也鼓舞当 局把这一创新方法应用于其他城镇! %4@#!细节理解题! 根据第一段"J*<# &'(7O+(:(,29(-50*7(= &* )155079+((2 (2(+97&*&'(&*<2 *8Z6&()'(6=@R'(&*<2 ,)&'( 8,+)&506?(&*(L5(+,(2?()*-(&',290,;(&',),2 &'(?*12&+7# :1& &'()1??())*8&'(5'(2*-(2*2 '6)(2?*1+69(= &'(61&'*+,&,()&* 65507,&&**&'(+&*<2)@$现在#它们被用来为Z6&()'(6=镇提 供绿色能源! 该镇是全国第一个体验到这种方法的地方#但 这种现象的成功促使当局将其应用到其他城镇!%'可知# Z6&()'(6=镇是全英国第一个重新利用废弃煤矿的! 故选#! %U@#!细节理解题! 根据第二段"A2 .Q.%# ?*60<6)P1)& 5+*=1?,29.! *8(0(?&+,?,&7,2 &'(YE@a*)&*8&'((0(?&+,?,&7,2 &'(?*12&+7,):(,29)1550,(= &'+*19' *,062= 96)@R',)'6) +()10&(= ,2 -6)),/(6:62=*2(= ?*60-,2()606?+*))&'(?*12&+7@ $.Q.%年#煤炭仅占英国电力的.!! 这个国家的大部分电 力是通过石油和天然气供应的! 这导致了全国各地大量的 废弃煤矿!%'可知#由于英国优先发展清洁能源#导致了全 国各地大量的废弃煤矿! 故选#! %S@3!推理判断题! 根据最后一段"R'(<6&(++()*1+?()&'+*19' &'(-,2()6+(()&,-6&(= &*:(&<*:,0,*2 ?1:,?-(&(+)*+'608&'( 6-*12&*8<6&(+,2 M*?' J())@H6+6==(=# *V,&' -627-,0,*2) *85(*50(0,/,2915*2 6:62=*2(= ?*608,(0=),2 Z+(6&3+,&6,2# &'( 5*&(2&,608*+-,2(<6&(+'(6&?*10= :(),92,8,?62&@,$据估计#通 过这些矿山开采的水资源约为.Q亿立方米#相当于尼斯湖 水量的一半! 法尔补充说)*在英国#有数百万人生活在废弃 的煤田里#矿井热水的潜力可能是巨大的!,%'可知#矿山开 采的水资源数量巨大并且矿井热水的潜力可能是巨大的#即 从煤矿中获取能源的未来是有希望的! 故选3! %]@$!文章大意题! 根据第一段"R',),)(/,=(2&:7&'( &+62)8*+-6&,/((8(?&@@@'6)(2?*1+69(= &'(61&'*+,&,()&*65507 ,&&**&'(+&*<2)@'以及通读全文可知#文章主要介绍了利用 废弃煤矿从地热水中获取绿色能源的创新方法#Z6&()'(6= 镇是第一个尝试这种方法的地方#还提到了项目的成功和潜 力! 因此#文章主要是关于一种获取绿色能源的创新方法! 故选$! 第U讲!题型破解!!!词句猜测题 高频考点#研析透 考点%$# 考点.$&'(06)&56+69+65'!# 考点4$3 模拟精练#提考能 ! !!%语篇解读&!本文是一篇说明文! 文章主要介绍了一项 实验展示了山羊能识别和感知人类情绪的认知能力#并呼吁人 们应更好地对待家畜! %@$!细节理解题! 根据第二段"$062 a?[0,9*&# 6))*?,6&( 5+*8())*+*862,-60:('6/,*+62= <(086+(,2 ",&7Y2,/(+),&7*8 D*29E*29?*2=1?&(= 6)&1=7,2 ?**5(+6&,*2 <,&' a6+,622( a6)*2# 62 (L5(+&,2 &'(?*92,&,/($认知的% 6:,0,&,()*89*6&),2 [29062=@$香港城市大学动物行为与福利副教授$062 a?[0,9*&与英国山羊认知能力专家a6+,622(a6)*2合作进 行了一项研究!%'以及最后一段"R'(8,2=,29,)6?6)(,2 5*,2& *8&'(,2&(0,9(2?(*89*6&)@$这一发现是山羊智力的一个例 证!%'可知#$062 a?[0,9*&和a6+,622(a6)*2合作研究了山 羊的认知能力#直接关系到了山羊的智力水平! 故选$! .@3!细节理解题! 根据第三段"A2 &'((L5(+,-(2&# 6)5(6;(+ <6)',==(2 &*50676+(?*+=,29*86'1-62 )67,29*D(7# 0**; */(+ '(+(1, <,&' &<*/(+),*2)+6'6557*2(62= 62 629+7*2(@$在实 验中#一个扬声器被隐藏起来#播放一个人说*嘿#看这边1,的 录音#有两个版本+++快乐的和愤怒的!%'以及"C%! *8&'*)( =,),2&(+()&(= 9*6&)@@@)199()&,29&'(72*&,?(= &'((-*&,*2)'6= ?'629(=@$C%!的不再关注声音的山羊竖起耳朵#抬头看向声 音的方向! 在那些刚参与的山羊中#一些开始调查声音的来 源的时间比实验的最初阶段长#这表明它们注意到情绪发生 了变化!%'可知#在实验过程中#当扬声器切换播放不同情绪 的声音时#有C%!之前不再关注声音的山羊重新抬起耳朵并 看向声音方向#这表明大多数的山羊察觉到了情绪的变化! 故选3! 4@"!词语猜测题! 根据"37)'*<,29&',)6:,0,&7,2 9*6&)$通过在 山羊身上展示这种能力%'#",2 &(+-)*8*5(2,295(*50(O)(7()&* &'(?*92,&,/(6:,0,&,()*80,/()&*?;)$就让人们了解活畜的认知能 力而言%'以及"X1+*/(+609*60,)&*9(&5(*50(&*&',2; 6:*1& 62,-60),2 6=,8(+(2&<67# &*&+(6&&'(-60,&0(:,&:(&(+@$我们 的总体目标是让人们以不同的方式思考动物#更好地对待它 们!%'可知#通过展示山羊的这种能力#试图让人们关注家畜 认知能力方面有所改变#从而以不同的方式思考动物! 故 选"! U@3!段落大意题! 根据最后一段"X1+*/(+609*60,)&*9(& 5(*50(&*&',2; 6:*1&62,-60),2 6=,8(+(2&<67# &*&+(6&&'(-6 0,&0(:,&:(&(+@'以及"R'(&<*+()(6+?'(+)'*5(&'6&5(*50(<,0 )&6+&&*12=(+)&62= &'()(0,/()&*?;)=()(+/(&*:(2,?(07&+(6&(=# ()5(?,6076)<(6+(1),29&'(-8*+*1+-,0; 5+*=1?&)62= -(6&@ $这两位研究人员希望人们能够开始理解这些牲畜应该得到 很好的对待#尤其是当我们将它们用于奶制品和肉类时!%' 可知#本段主要讲述了研究的主要目标! 故选3 ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! +&"#+ + !!%语篇解读&!本文是一篇新闻报道#主要讲述了W629 N'*29;6,和他的团队如何利用腾讯云开发的人工智能技术#准 确地识别和注册树木#以便更好地保护古树! S@$!词句猜测题! 根据第一段"F,2?(/,069(+)<,=(07+(96+=(= &'(&+((6)'6/,29&'(5*<(+&*-6;(&'(,+<,)'()?*-(&+1(# &'(7 1)(= &*;2((0=*<2 ,2 8+*2&*8&'(*01?;7, &+((62= :1+2 *8(+,29) 12=(+,&# <',?' 0(= &*5+*0*29(= '(6&(L5*)1+(6&,&)+**&)$由于 村民们普遍认为这棵树有能力实现他们的愿望#他们过去常 常跪在*幸运,树前#在它下面烧香#这导致树根长时间受 热%'可知#村民的行为阻碍了树木的生长! 故选$! ]@3!细节理解题! 根据第二段" 31&&'(+(?*+=,2962= -6269(-(2&*862?,(2&62= 86-*1)&+(()26&,*2<,=(?*--*207+(07 *2 [L?(0)5+(6=)'((&)$电子表格%# <',?' 5+()(2&,))1())1?' 6) ,28*+-6&,*2 ),0*)# 06?; *8+(60K&,-(15=6&()62= ,2?*-50(&( ?*2&(2&$但全国范围内的古树和名树的记录和管理通常依赖 于[L?(0电子表格#这带来了信息孤岛(缺乏实时更新和内容 不完整等问题%'可知#古树面临的问题是信息的丢失和准确 性的风险! 故选3! C@$!细节理解题! 根据第三段"V(?62 2*<?*0(?&=6&6*2 &'( &+(()O9+*<&'# '(60&' 62= (2/,+*2-(2&,2 +(60&,-(# <',?' '(05)1) -6;(,28*+-(= =(?,),*2)*2 '*<&*:(&(+5+*&(?&&'(-@$我们现 在可以实时收集树木的生长(健康和环境数据#这有助于我们 做出明智的决定去更好地保护它们!%'可知#腾讯云的新技 术使得可以实时收集树木的生长数据! 故选$! T@#!标题归纳题! 根据全文内容#尤其是最后一段"&'(5*<(+ *8&(?'2*0*97?62 ?'629(&'(<*+0= $技术的力量可以改变世 界%'和倒数第二段"J(<&(?'2*0*9,():+,29-*+((L?,&(-(2&&* &'(5+*&(?&,*2 *862?,(2&&+(()@$新技术为古树的保护带来了更 多的兴奋!%'可知#文章主要讲述了新技术如何帮助保护树 木! 故选#! 2 !!%语篇解读&!本文是一篇说明文! 文章通过讨论宜家效 应以及几个实验研究的结果#论述了人们更加珍视自己亲手创 造的东西#并由此引发了对自我建造住房的好处的思考! B@#!细节理解题! 根据第一段"R'(-62186?&1+(+)=,)?*/(+(= &'6&+(G1,+,29&'(6==,&,*2 *862 (99,2 &'(:6;,295+*?())<6)P1)& (2*19' &*-6;(&'('*1)(<,/()'6557<,&' &'(,+<*+;@R'(9+(6&(+ )(2)(*8(8*+&96,2(= 8+*-60,&0((L&+606:*+,):(0,(/(= &*'6/( :((2 ())(2&,60&*&'(06&(+)1??())*8&'(?6;(-,L@$制造商发现# 在烘焙过程中加入一个鸡蛋就足以让主妇们对自己的工作感 到满意! 从一点点额外的劳动中获得的更大的努力感被认为 是蛋糕粉后来成功的关键!%'可知#额外的努力给顾客带来 了蛋糕烘焙的乐趣! 故选#! %Q@3!句意猜测题! 根据"A2&(+()&,2907# &'(AE[$(8(?&<*+;) (/(2 <'(2 5(*50('6/(2**55*+&12,&7&*81075(+)*260,b(&'(,+ ?+(6&,*2)@V',0(-*)&56+&,?,562&)O8*0=,29);,0)0(8&-1?' &*:( =(),+(=# &'(70*/(= &'(,+,-5(+8(?&075(+)*260,b(= 5+*=1?&)60&'( -*+(@31,0=(+)/601(= &'(,+<+,2;0(= ?+62(K0,;(?+(6&,*2)2(6+07 8,/(&,-()6)-1?' 6)2*2K:1,0=(+)@$有趣的是#即使人们没有 机会完全个性化他们的作品#宜家效应也会起作用! 虽然大 多数参与者的折叠技巧还有很多不足之处#但他们更喜欢自 己不完美的个性化产品! 建筑商对他们皱巴巴的像起重机 一样的创造物的估价几乎是非建筑商的五倍!%'可知#本段 主要讲述额外的劳动会让参与者更喜欢自己的作品! 故 选3! %%@#!观点态度题! 根据最后一段"*R'(-*-(2&5(*50(6+( ,2/*0/(= <,&' &'(,+:1,0&(2/,+*2-(2&# &'(7'6/(6&*&607 =,8(+(2&+(06&,*2)',5 &*,&#, V,;,D*1)(?*K8*12=(+$06)&6,+ >6+/,2 (L506,2(=@*V'(2 &'(+**8)&6+&)0(6;,29*+6=**+)&6+&) ?+(6;,29# &'(7'6/(&'(5*<(+&*8,L,&&'(-)(0/()@,$V,;,D*1)( 的联合创始人$06)&6,+>6+/,2解释说)*当人们参与到他们的 建筑环境中时#他们与环境的关系就完全不同了! 当屋顶开 始漏水或门开始吱吱作响时#他们有能力自己修理!,%'可 知#$06)&6,+>6+/,2认为公众参与住房建设#他们与环境的关 系就完全不同了#所以抱有支持的态度! 故选#! %.@"!写作意图题! 根据第二段"R',)+(80(?&)&'(AE[$ (8(?&@@@R'(:1,0=(+)?*2),)&(2&07*1&:,= &'(2*2K:1,0=(+)@$这 反映了心理学家a,?'6(0A@J*+&*2及其同事发现的宜家效 应#即我们更看重自己努力创造的东西! 他们进行了四项研 究#要求参与者折叠纸鹤和青蛙#组装宜家盒子#搭建乐高积 木! 然后#他们要求建筑商为他们的作品出价#并将价格与 没有建造这些作品的人的出价进行比较! 建筑商的出价始 终高于非建筑商!%'以及纵观全文可知#本文主要解释什么 是宜家效应#所以目的是解释一个概念! 故选"! 3 !!%语篇解读&!本文是一篇说明文! 文章主要介绍了蜜蜂 不仅是蜂蜜制造者#更是至关重要的传粉者#对于维护生态系统 平衡"丰富农作物多样性起着不可或缺的作用#同时指出蜜蜂面 临的生存挑战及其保护的紧迫性! %4@3!细节理解题! 根据第一段"3(()6+(-*+(&'62 P1)&'*2(7K -6;(+)@R'(76+(())(2&,605*0,26&*+)$传粉者% &'6&'(05 -6,2&6,2 &'(:6062?(*8*1+(?*)7)&(-)62= &'(=,/(+),&7*8*1+ ?+*5)@$蜜蜂不仅仅是蜂蜜的制造者#它们还是重要的传粉昆 虫#有助于维持我们生态系统的平衡和作物的多样性!%'可 知#传粉昆虫很重要是因为它们在维持生态系统平衡和农作 物多样性方面至关重要! 故选3! %U@$!段落大意题! 根据第二段"3(()'6/((/*0/(= &*8((= *2 2(?&6+@@@()5(?,607&'*)(&'6&5+*=1?(8+1,&)# 21&)# )((=)# 62= /(9(&6:0()&'6&<((6&@$蜜蜂已经进化为以花朵的花蜜和花粉 为食#在这样做的过程中#它们将花粉从一朵花转移到另一 朵花#从而实现受精和繁殖! 这个过程被称为授粉#对许多 植物的生存至关重要#尤其是那些生产我们所吃的水果(坚 果(种子和蔬菜的植物!%'可知#第二段主要介绍了蜜蜂通过 取食花蜜和花粉进行传粉#从而帮助植物受精和繁殖的过 程! 故选$! %S@"!代词指代题! 根据第五段"R'(H$X()&,-6&()&'6&%]@S! *8/(+&(:+6&($脊椎动物% 5*0,26&*+)62= UQ! *8,2/(+&(:+6&( 5*0,26&*+)# )1?' 6):(()# 6+(86?,29(L&,2?&,*2@$粮农组织估 计#%]@S!的脊椎动物传粉昆虫和UQ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 的无脊椎动物传粉昆 +""#+ 虫#如蜜蜂#正面临灭绝!%'可知#蜜蜂和其他传粉者面临灭 绝的危机#"这种危机'可能导致严重的后果#因此#"R',)'指 代的是"传粉者生存危机'! 故选"! %]@"!标题归纳题! 通读全文#尤其根据第一段"3(()6+(-*+( &'62 P1)&'*2(7K-6;(+)@@@)5(?,()<*+0=<,=(@'以及倒数第二段 "R'(+(8*+(# ,&,),-5*+&62&&*5+*&(?&&'(:(()62= &'(,+'6:,&6&)# 62= &*+6,)(6<6+(2())6:*1&&'(,++*0(62= /601(@'可知#文章主 要围绕蜜蜂作为生态系统维护者的核心角色展开#论述了其 传粉功能对农业生产(生物多样性和环境稳定性的重大意 义#同时指出蜜蜂面临的生存挑战及其保护的紧迫性! 所以 "蜜蜂)生态系统维护者'适合作本文的标题! 故选"! 第S讲!体裁破解!!!应用文 高频考点#研析透 "!$!3 模拟精练#提考能 ! !!%语篇解读&!本文是一篇应用文#主要介绍的是X+062=* 的四个游乐园的相关情况! %@#!细节理解题! 根据>&/8$()9.?)7).9&')*@!'8$&:5($部分 的""*)&1-(= ?'6+6?&(+)?62 *8&(2 :(8*12= <62=(+,29&'+*19' &'( 56+;# -6;,298*+)*-((L?(0(2&5'*&**55*+&12,&,()@$人们经常 可以看到穿着戏服的角色在公园里闲逛#为拍摄照片提供了 绝佳的机会!%'可知#游客在Y2,/(+)60O)A)062=)*8$=/(2&1+( 可以见到穿着戏服的人! 故选#! .@3!细节理解题! 根据>&/8$()9.A:5'/*)B.*(/'9部分的"A8 7*1O+(6:,9-*/,(862# /,),&,29,&,)6=+(6-?*-(&+1(@$如果你 是一个超级影迷#参观它是一个梦想成真的事情!%'和 ">'*2()UQCK4]4KTQQQ$电话)UQCK4]4KTQQQ%'可知#电影爱好 者应该打UQCK4]4KTQQQ! 故选3! 4@"!细节理解题! 根据A$9 C*(.'D(.9&'* 部分的"A&60)* *8(+)+*0(+?*6)&(++,=()8*+?',0=+(2# 50(2&7*8=,2,29*5&,*2)# 62= /6016:0(,28*+-6&,*2 6:*1&<,0=0,8(?*2)(+/6&,*2@$它还为儿 童提供过山车(丰富的餐饮选择以及有关野生动物保护的宝 贵信息!%'和+5)0#E9('$&)"94=9 +91 部分的" F5(?,60 (/(2&)*2 '*<&*5+*&(?&<,0=0,8(6+('(0= &'+*19'*1&&'(7(6+# 62= :*&' =6,0762= 62216056))()6+(6/6,06:0(@$全年都会举办关于 如何保护野生动物的特别活动#并且可以购买每日和年度通 行证!%'可知#最后两个游乐园的共同之处是它们传授野生 动物保护知识! 故选"! + !! %语篇解读& !本文是一篇应用文! 文章主要介绍了 $F?,(2?(*2 V'((0)%这个科学教育项目的相关信息#包括项目的 目标"内容"对象"时长"价格以及地点等#旨在吸引学校"社区团 体等参与并报名参加! U@$!细节推断题! 根据第二段"d(9,)&+6&,*2 2*<1 X5(2 8*+ .Q.U+.Q.S )?'**07(6+1 $现在注册1 .Q.U+.Q.S 学年开 放1%'可知#文本的意图是鼓励读者报名参加" F?,(2?(*2 V'((0)'这个科学教育项目! 文本中详细描述了项目的各个 方面#包括内容(对象(时长(价格等#进一步说明了读者可以 如何参与! 故选$! S@#! 数字计算题! 根据" -FDEF!G DBBHF7IEA 6DE7A"72A'表格中"V'*0(K#67[L5(+,(2?()$V#[%$全天体 验%'和">6+&,60K#67[L5(+,(2?()$>#[% $半日体验%'可知# "F?,(2?(*2 V'((0)'提供了两种类型的项目! 故选#! ]@3!细节理解题! 根据文章表格下的"H12=,29,)6/6,06:0(8*+ G160,87,29)?'**0)# 0,:+6+,()# 62= ?*--12,&79+*15)@$资金可用 于符合条件的学校(图书馆和社区团体!%'可知#符合条件的 学校(图书馆和社区团体可以获得资金支持! 因此#我们可以 了解到这个项目提供了财政支持! 故选3! 2 !!%语篇解读&!本文是一篇应用文! 文章主要介绍了一个 度假套餐的情况#包含内容和住宿等信息! C@3!细节理解题! 根据!J*5::#$7&0.5'$'3/)0*8$(I9)#8/.$ "*5(部分中"F((60*8&'(-*)&(L?,&,296&+6?&,*2),2 J6)'/,0( <,&' &'(,2?+(=,:0(#,)?*/(+J6)'/,0(R*1+@@@6)6=-,)),*2 &*&'( '19("*12&+7a1),?D60*8H6-(62= a1)(1-@$通过令人难以 置信的#,)?*/(+J6)'/,0(R*1+#了解J6)'/,0(所有最令人兴奋 的景点! 这次旅行将带您参观历史悠久的市中心(田纳西州 首府(帕台农神庙和许多其他精彩的景点! 这次旅行还包括 参观传奇的莱曼礼堂#那里是大奥普里传统的发源地#以及参 观巨大的乡村音乐名人堂和博物馆!%'可知#&'(3()&*8 J6)'/,0(RJe6?6&,*2套餐里不包括了解州首府的历史! 故 选3! T@3!细节理解题! 根据倒数第二段"e,),&*+)*2 &',)/6?6&,*2 <,060)*:(6:0(&*?'**)(<',?' 0*=9,29*5&,*2 :()&)1,&)&'(,+ 2((=)@V'(&'(+&'(7<,)' &*)&67,2 6:1=9(&K8+,(2=07'*&(0&'6& <,08,&&'((2&,+(86-,07*+<*10= 0,;(6-*+(5(6?(810)1,&(,2 6 +()*+&'*&(0# &'(+(6+(*5&,*2)8*+(/(+7*2(@$这个假期的游客也 可以选择最适合他们需要的住宿选择! 无论他们是想住在适 合全家居住的经济型酒店#还是想在度假酒店住一间更宁静 的套房#每个人都有自己的选择!%'可知#有很多旅馆可供游 客选择! 故选3! B@"!语篇出处题! 根据第一段"[2P*7&'(:()&*8&',)12,G1(?,&7 <,&' &'(3()&*8J6)'/,0(RJe6?6&,*2 56?;69(@R',)56?;69( 60*<)7*1 &*(L5(+,(2?('62=K5,?;(= 6?&,/,&,()&'6&<,0'(05 7*1 &*'6/(6&+107-(-*+6:0(a1),?",&76=/(2&1+(@$通过&'(3()&*8 J6)'/,0(RJe6?6&,*2套餐享受这个独特的城市! 这个套餐可 以让你体验精心挑选的活动#这将帮助你有一个真正难忘的 音乐之城冒险!%'结合文章主要内容可知#文章选自广告! 故 选"! 3 !!%语篇解读&!本文是一篇应用文#主要提供了关于F&62 D7<(&D60gZ6+=(2)的不同游览项目的具体信息和价格! %Q@#!数字计算题! 根据E5/'$'G9&*(%*5)$"*5(下的 "J*2K-(-:(+$=10&%T I ) ! .% $非会员成人%T 岁以上) ! .%%'可知#一对非会员的已婚夫妇#应该支付. \.% _U. 美元来探索a62*+D*1)(! 故选#! %%@3!细节理解题! 根据I**K)L2(9&&/$)"*5(下的"R6;( &',)&*1+&*0(6+2 -*+(6:*1&&'(=*-()&,?)&68<'*<*+;(= 62= 0,/(= 6&&'(()&6&(@R',)&*1+06)&)6:*1&BQ -,21&()@A&,2?01=() ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! )(/(+6080,9'&)*8)&6,+)62= 26+*< 56))69(<67)62= ,)2*& +'"#+