专题06 语法填空-【大题精做】冲刺2025年高考英语大题突破+限时集训（北京专用）

大题06 语法填空 1. 文本体裁与题材 体裁：以说明文（约60%）和记叙文（约40%）为主，内容贴近学生生活或科普知识，如环保、科技、人物故事等。 词数与结构：每篇文本约70-80词，共三篇，语篇逻辑清晰，侧重考查语法在真实语境中的应用。 2. 考点分布规律 高频考点： 动词（占比约40%）：时态（一般过去时、一般现在时）、语态（被动语态）、非谓语形式（不定式、分词作定语/状语）。 词性转换（占比约30%）：形容词与副词互换（如safe→safely）、名词与动词转换（如develop→development）。 连词与从句（占比约15%）：从属连词（如if, because）、定语从句（关系代词/副词）。 代词与介词（占比约10%）：代词指代（it/they）、固定介词搭配（如depend on）。 低频考点：冠词近年未考查，情态动词和虚拟语气极少出现。 3. 题型设计特点 有提示词题（约70%）：重点考查词性转换、动词变形、形容词/副词比较级。 无提示词题（约30%）：主要填入冠词、连词、代词、介词等。 （2025高三·北京房山·一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Smartphones are very useful and often we can’t imagine life 1 them. But they could be harmful as well. We surveyed 1,065 students 2 (determine) if smartphone addiction affects sleep. We identified a strong 3 (connect) between smartphone addiction and poor sleep. There is also an association between addiction and using your phone late at night. The amount of time 4 (spend) on your phone is not enough to suggest addiction. But combining that with the latest time you use your phone can be a good indicator. （2025高三·北京房山·一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Years ago, when I was beginning my journey as an animal communicator, I was working as staff at a wildlife rescue organization. It was 1 (extreme) hard work. I 2 (challenge) to reach beyond my limits. I encountered all sorts of animals. They all showed me what we can learn from animals in their own ways, such as a tiny mouse 3 bravery changed my life forever. （2025高三·北京房山·一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Ana was inspired after reading about kids 1 (face) hardships in a nearby community. It saddened her to learn that they lacked some basic necessities like books. “It made me think how I would feel if my world did not have books in it,” she said. Ana was just ten years old when she 2 (start) an organization called Just 1 Book. To date, she 3 (collect) around half a million books. 1. 通读全文，把握语境 先快速浏览全文，尤其关注首尾段及设空句的上下文，明确文章主题和逻辑结构（如说明文常为“总-分-总”，记叙文按时间顺序展开）。 首句不设空，需通过首句推测文章主旨，如环保、科技或人物故事等贴近生活的题材。 2. 分类处理空格，锁定考点 有提示词题（占比约70%）： 动词：判断时态、语态（如被动语态）、非谓语形式（不定式、分词）。 例：A talk (give) tomorrow → to be given（不定式被动）。 词性转换：名词→形容词（如care→careful）、动词→名词（如solve→solution）。 比较级/最高级：注意标志词than或最高级提示，如“less tall”替代“shorter”。 无提示词题（占比约30%）： 冠词：a/an表泛指，the表特指（如at a high speed）。 介词：固定搭配（如depend on, consist of）。 连词：根据逻辑选因果（because）、转折（however）、并列（and）等。 代词：主格/宾格、反身代词（如by himself）。 3. 代入验证，检查逻辑 确保答案语法正确（时态一致、主谓一致）且语义连贯，避免“原词陷阱”干扰。 Passage（1） （24-25高三上·北京昌平·期末）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Yesterday, a 49-year-old woman lost control of her vehicle and slipped into a river with strong and moving water. The woman’s car began sinking into the river, 1 (leave) her trapped inside as water quickly filled the vehicle. A passerby, 2 had been working nearby, noticed the sinking car. Without hesitation, the man rushed into the river to help. He pulled the woman 3 the sinking vehicle and safely guided her to the shore. （24-25高三上·北京昌平·期末）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Over centuries, we have been seeking ways to cure diseases. One of the first to seek for a scientific foundation for medicine was Hippocrates, who is said to have used tree bark and leaves 1 (relieve) fevers and pain. For many centuries, medicine advanced rather 2 (slow), until the invention of the microscope, which 3 (lead) to the discovery of blood cells, of bacteria, and of the germ theory of disease. Since then, the advance of medicine 4 (speed) up. （24-25高三上·北京昌平·期末）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Xi’an is home to many important historical sites. The Xi’an City Wall, 1 (build) in the Ming Dynasty, is one of the best preserved walls in China. It once provided protection against enemies and its thickness is 2 (great) than its height. A good place to explore the rich history of Xi’an is surely the Shaanxi History Museum which contains about 1.7 million historical 3 (item). Passage（2） （24-25高三上·北京朝阳·阶段练习）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 In today’s scientific world, talk to a few people in the travel industry, you’ll soon learn that superstition is still alive around the world. In parts of Asia, the number “four” 1 (consider)unlucky because it has a similar pronunciation to that of the Chinese word for “death”. One airline admitted that it omits row 4 or 44 because too many passengers refuse to sit in those 2 (seat). Flight attendants have a reputation for being superstitious, too. Some may have been known to refuse hotel rooms 3 numbers coincide with those of flights that ended in tragedy. （24-25高三上·北京朝阳·阶段练习）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Cambodia is experiencing a rise in population and unregulated development, which has been destructive for the environment. More and more 1 (experienced) farmers are taking up agriculture near the edges of Cambodia’ s forests. Unfortunately for Cambodia’s wild Asian elephants, this has caused a conflict with humans. As elephants search 2 food, they have destroyed farms. In turn, poor and uneducated farmers have killed the elephants 3 (protect) their livelihoods. By the early years of this century, the population of elephants 4 (fall) dramatically from about 2,000 to 500. （24-25高三上·北京朝阳·阶段练习）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Matt asked his friend Adam to help him play a practical joke on Tricia, one of his classmates. One day, as Matta and Tricia 1 (wait) for their bus after school, Matt asked Tricia to keep an eye on his briefcase for a minute while he ran to buy something. Then Adam came 2 (run) by and “stole” the briefcase. When Matta returned, Tricia explained 3 had happened. Matta acted really angry and told Tricia that the briefcase contained something very valuable which he thought she should be responsible for replacing. Passage（1） （24-25高三上·北京·期中）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The crisis of food waste and 1 (lose) has reached alarming levels globally, gradually weakening efforts to eliminate hunger, poverty and environmental pollution, said the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) in a new report launched Wednesday. The UNEP Food Waste Index Report 2024 the second edition of this kind, 2 (launch) in Nairobi, the Kenyan capital, ahead of the International Day of Zero Waste which falls on Saturday. The world wasted 1.05 billion tons of food in 2022, equivalent to 132 kilograms per person and one-fifth of all food available to consumers, said the report 3 was co-authored by UNEP and WRAP, a British environmental charity. （24-25高三上·北京·期中）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In Miskolc, a northeastern city in Hungary, Fan Liyun has witnessed 1 a cup of tea makes a difference in cultural exchanges. Fan, 59, 2 (work) at the Confucius Institute of the University of Miskolc as a Chinese teacher currently. She observes that the institute is seeing more students who are curious about the institute’s courses this spring semester. “We usually held activities to attract students before new semesters. But it seems it’s no longer necessary as we almost 3 (finish) enrollment before this semester started, said Fan, who was known as Kristi by her students. “I think now the number of students 4 (study) in our institute has at least doubled, compared to when I first arrived here in 2019.” （24-25高三上·北京·期中）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The International Workers’ Day, also 1 (call) Labor Day or May Day, serves as a celebration of workers across the whole social spectrum(范围). Chinese people celebrate their holiday with a range of activities. It’s a time 39 relaxation, as workers enjoy a day off. This year’s holiday lasted from May 1 to May 5, during which time many people chose 2 (travel) to scenic spots, go shopping, visit exhibitions, or just enjoy their time off work with family and friends. Parks and public attractions across the country were filled with visitors eager to enjoy their vacation. Passage（2） （24-25高三上·北京·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Beijing’s Central Axis (中轴线), which lines the historic stretch, recently achieved UNESCO 1 (recognize), drawing widespread praise and fueling a flourishing food scene with nearly10,000 dining establishments. According to the online service platform Meituan, data reveals that 2 (search) for “Beijing Central Axis” increased by 58 percent from January to July. In the first half of this year, consumption from visitors to Beijing contributed 10.5 percent 3 the capital’s restaurant sector. （24-25高三上·北京·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 As China’s opening- up has widened, many cities like Shenzhen 1 (attract) international talents to live, work and invest. as well as to establish businesses. Some of them have lived there for over 10 years, 2 (witness) and being part of the city’s economic progress. Foreign entrepreneurs (企业家) 3 meet specific requirements, such as clearing the Chinese- language proficiency test’s highest level, and possessing a master’s degree, among other qualifications, can accumulate a high score, which 4 (make) it easier for them to obtain a long- term work visa. Chinese cities are striving to be more open to the world, and I believe Shenzhen is an exemplary case. （24-25高三上·北京·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Papermaking technology 1 (introduce) to Central Asia in the 8th century and arrived in Europe around the 12th century. “It changed the historical process of Europe because papermaking technology made knowledge spreading possible at 2 (reduce) costs and broke the monopoly of knowledge by nobles and clerks.” says professor Xi Huidong. He points out that movable type printing was also a revolutionary invention, “The combination of those two things was 3 really moved us into the early modern world.” Passage（3） （2024·北京朝阳·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 It can be hard not to let negativity go into your day, especially during 1 (stress) periods of life. A bit of optimism makes you become better and emotionally 2 (healthy) in the long term. An optimistic person is always looking for the best in any situation and expecting that good things 3 (happen). But being optimistic doesn’t mean you go into denial and pretend everything is fine when it’s not. It is a particular state of mind 4 you hope for the best but prepare for the worst. （2024·北京朝阳·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The horse-face skirt, or mamianqun in Chinese, is a traditional Chinese skirt that dates back to the Song Dynasty. Traditionally it has two panels 1 (attach) to a single waistband, which overlap in front of the body to form a “skirt door”, like the horse-face defenses on ancient city walls. It primarily 2 (represent) a Chinese philosophical concept that harmonizes strength and gentleness. The skirt has gone beyond time and space to become a fashion item today. It 3 (prefer) by fans of traditional clothing, who have continued to develop it. （2024·北京朝阳·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 An elderly couple has become stars in the marathon community. 1 (win) at least 200 medals from sports meetings in the past ten years, they are regarded as role models by many people. Initially, the couple started running just 2 (improve) their health. Later, they decided to challenge themselves and signed up for a marathon. Though neither of them had run a full marathon before, they managed to complete it. They believe no matter 3 age it is, the marathon spirit of fighting to the end is essential. Passage（4） （2025·北京西城·一模）语法填空 Your hometown could affect your navigational (导航的) skills. New research indicates that individuals 1 (raise) in cities with structured street patterns may encounter difficulties in navigation compared to those from rural areas with more organic layouts. This conclusion was drawn from a study 2 (involve) players of a mobile game about sea, 3 tests 3-D navigation skills. However, there’s hope for city residents: an urban version of the game showed slight improvements for them. （2025·北京西城·一模）语法填空 The 5-Second Rule suggests food is OK to eat if you pick it up 1 five seconds or less. Believe it or not, scientists have tested the rule. We’re sorry to report it’s not necessarily true. Bacteria can attach 2 (it) to your food instantly, regardless of how quickly it 3 (pick) up. Food left there for five seconds or less will probably collect less bacteria than food sitting there for a longer time, but fast may not be fast enough. Floors, even clean-looking ones, harbor bacteria. Ultimately, if in doubt, abandon the food 4 (avoid) potential illness. （2025·北京西城·一模）语法填空 I’ll never forget my first visit to China. Mum encouraged me to try different kinds of food, and I did! I loved everything. But just when I thought I could deal with all Chinese food, I came across stinky tofu. A horrible grey thing that looked and smelt like a burnt sports shoe. “You needn’t try it 1 you don’t want to, ”Mum said. But I 2 (gather) all my courage to take a bite and was amazed to find it wasn’t so bad. It reminded me of blue cheese, a similarly strong smelling type of food you either love or hate. Maybe I 3 (fall) in love with stinky tofu-someday. Passage（1） （2024·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought 1 myself, “Why would he carry all his books? ” Just then, some kids ran at him, 2 (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I 3 (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” （2024·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood 1 (name) the world’s oldest living man. And when 2 (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, 3 doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said. （2024·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time 1 (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of 2 (self-aware). When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and 3 (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. To practise this, we need to establish clear 4 (boundary) in our personal and professional life. Passage（2） （2023·北京·高考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Nina has run marathons in 32 countries. All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call attention 1 global water issues. Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, 2 thousands were attending a water conference.She called for action 3 (address)the struggles of people around the world 4 (face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”. （2023·北京·高考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots. When 1 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. Mangroves can help soften waves and protect 2 (city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China 3 (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. （2023·北京·高考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I 1 (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up 2 (exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest 3 (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. Passage（3） （2022·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Since people can’t always eat out or cook for 1 (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of 2 are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even 3 (bad). The use of those plastics 4 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. （2022·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly 1   (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine 2 smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally 3 (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. （2022·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Helen was walking down the street late 1 the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention 2 (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man 3 (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 大题06 语法填空 1. 文本体裁与题材 体裁：以说明文（约60%）和记叙文（约40%）为主，内容贴近学生生活或科普知识，如环保、科技、人物故事等。 词数与结构：每篇文本约70-80词，共三篇，语篇逻辑清晰，侧重考查语法在真实语境中的应用。 2. 考点分布规律 高频考点： 动词（占比约40%）：时态（一般过去时、一般现在时）、语态（被动语态）、非谓语形式（不定式、分词作定语/状语）。 词性转换（占比约30%）：形容词与副词互换（如safe→safely）、名词与动词转换（如develop→development）。 连词与从句（占比约15%）：从属连词（如if, because）、定语从句（关系代词/副词）。 代词与介词（占比约10%）：代词指代（it/they）、固定介词搭配（如depend on）。 低频考点：冠词近年未考查，情态动词和虚拟语气极少出现。 3. 题型设计特点 有提示词题（约70%）：重点考查词性转换、动词变形、形容词/副词比较级。 无提示词题（约30%）：主要填入冠词、连词、代词、介词等。 （2025高三·北京房山·一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Smartphones are very useful and often we can’t imagine life 1 them. But they could be harmful as well. We surveyed 1,065 students 2 (determine) if smartphone addiction affects sleep. We identified a strong 3 (connect) between smartphone addiction and poor sleep. There is also an association between addiction and using your phone late at night. The amount of time 4 (spend) on your phone is not enough to suggest addiction. But combining that with the latest time you use your phone can be a good indicator. 【答案】1．without 2．to determine 3．connection 4．spent 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智能手机成瘾与睡眠之间的关系。 1．考查介词。句意：智能手机非常有用，我们常常无法想象没有它们的生活。此处表示“没有智能手机的生活”，用介词without符合语境。故填without。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们调查了1065名学生，以确定智能手机成瘾是否会影响睡眠。句中用不定式作目的状语，表示“为了确定”。故填to determine。 3．考查名词。句意：我们发现了智能手机成瘾和睡眠质量差之间的密切联系。形容词strong后接名词形式connection，作identified宾语。根据不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式。故填connection。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：花在手机上的时间不足以说明上瘾。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词。名词time与spend之间为逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填spent。 （2025高三·北京房山·一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Years ago, when I was beginning my journey as an animal communicator, I was working as staff at a wildlife rescue organization. It was 1 (extreme) hard work. I 2 (challenge) to reach beyond my limits. I encountered all sorts of animals. They all showed me what we can learn from animals in their own ways, such as a tiny mouse 3 bravery changed my life forever. 【答案】1．extremely 2．was challenged 3．whose 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述在野生动物救援组织工作的经历，工作艰苦且面临挑战，其间各种动物让作者学到很多，一只小老鼠的勇敢更改变其人生。 1．考查副词。句意：这是极其艰苦的工作。分析句子可知，此处需用副词修饰形容词hard，extreme的副词形式为extremely。故填extremely。 2．考查时态和语态。句意：我被挑战着超越自己的极限。这里考查谓语动词，句子主语I和challenge之间是被动关系，且讲述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done，主语为I，be 动词用was。故填was challenged。 3．考查定语从句。句意：它们都以自己的方式向我展示了我们可以从动物身上学到什么，比如一只小老鼠，它的勇敢永远改变了我的生活。分析句子可知，“____ bravery changed my life forever”是定语从句，先行词为mouse，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰bravery，表所属关系，应用whose。故填whose。 （2025高三·北京房山·一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Ana was inspired after reading about kids 1 (face) hardships in a nearby community. It saddened her to learn that they lacked some basic necessities like books. “It made me think how I would feel if my world did not have books in it,” she said. Ana was just ten years old when she 2 (start) an organization called Just 1 Book. To date, she 3 (collect) around half a million books. 【答案】1．facing 2．started 3．has collected 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Ana为何创办“just 1 Book”这一组织。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：安娜在阅读了附近社区的孩子们面临的困难后受到了启发。空格处应该用非谓语动词作定语，修饰空格前的名词kids，动词face与名词kids之间是主动关系，所以应该用现在分词facing作定语。故填facing。 2．考查动词时态。句意：安娜在10岁时创办了一个名为“just 1 Book”的组织。空格处是时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据主句Ana was just ten years old可知，从句描述过去发生的事，应该用一般过去时。故填started。 3．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，她已经收集了大约50万本书。空格处是句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语to date可知，应该用现在完成时；主语是she，助动词用has。故填has collected。 1. 通读全文，把握语境 先快速浏览全文，尤其关注首尾段及设空句的上下文，明确文章主题和逻辑结构（如说明文常为“总-分-总”，记叙文按时间顺序展开）。 首句不设空，需通过首句推测文章主旨，如环保、科技或人物故事等贴近生活的题材。 2. 分类处理空格，锁定考点 有提示词题（占比约70%）： 动词：判断时态、语态（如被动语态）、非谓语形式（不定式、分词）。 例：A talk (give) tomorrow → to be given（不定式被动）。 词性转换：名词→形容词（如care→careful）、动词→名词（如solve→solution）。 比较级/最高级：注意标志词than或最高级提示，如“less tall”替代“shorter”。 无提示词题（占比约30%）： 冠词：a/an表泛指，the表特指（如at a high speed）。 介词：固定搭配（如depend on, consist of）。 连词：根据逻辑选因果（because）、转折（however）、并列（and）等。 代词：主格/宾格、反身代词（如by himself）。 3. 代入验证，检查逻辑 确保答案语法正确（时态一致、主谓一致）且语义连贯，避免“原词陷阱”干扰。 Passage（1） （24-25高三上·北京昌平·期末）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Yesterday, a 49-year-old woman lost control of her vehicle and slipped into a river with strong and moving water. The woman’s car began sinking into the river, 1 (leave) her trapped inside as water quickly filled the vehicle. A passerby, 2 had been working nearby, noticed the sinking car. Without hesitation, the man rushed into the river to help. He pulled the woman 3 the sinking vehicle and safely guided her to the shore. 【答案】1．leaving 2．who 3．from 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。昨天，一名49岁的妇女失去了对车辆的控制，滑进了湍急的河水中。这名女子的车开始沉入河中，她被困在里面，水很快就充满了车。一位在附近工作的路人注意到了下沉的汽车。那个人毫不犹豫地冲进河里去帮忙。他把那个女人从下沉的车里拉出来，安全地把她带到岸边。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：这名女子的车开始沉入河中，她被困在里面，水很快就充满了车。此处leave与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填leaving。 2．考查定语从句。句意：一位在附近工作的路人注意到了下沉的汽车。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词passerby，在从句作主语，指人。故填who。 3．考查介词。句意：他把那个女人从下沉的车里拉出来，安全地把她带到岸边。短语pull…from…表示“把……拉出来”。故填from。 （24-25高三上·北京昌平·期末）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Over centuries, we have been seeking ways to cure diseases. One of the first to seek for a scientific foundation for medicine was Hippocrates, who is said to have used tree bark and leaves 1 (relieve) fevers and pain. For many centuries, medicine advanced rather 2 (slow), until the invention of the microscope, which 3 (lead) to the discovery of blood cells, of bacteria, and of the germ theory of disease. Since then, the advance of medicine 4 (speed) up. 【答案】1．to relieve 2．slowly 3．led 4．has speeded/has sped 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了医学的发展历史情况。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：最早为医学寻找科学依据的人之一是希波克拉底，据说他曾用树皮和树叶来缓解发烧和疼痛。短语use sth. to do sth.表示“用某物做某事”。故填to relieve。 2．考查副词。句意：许多世纪以来，医学的发展相当缓慢，直到显微镜的发明，才导致血细胞、细菌和疾病的细菌理论的发现。修饰动词advance用副词slowly，故填slowly。 3．考查时态。句意：许多世纪以来，医学的发展相当缓慢，直到显微镜的发明，才导致血细胞、细菌和疾病的细菌理论的发现。根据上文 . For many centuries可知为一般过去时。故填led。 4．考查时态。句意：从那时起，医学的发展速度加快了。根据上文Since then可知为现在完成时，主语为the advance of medicine，助动词用has。故填has speeded / has sped。 （24-25高三上·北京昌平·期末）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Xi’an is home to many important historical sites. The Xi’an City Wall, 1 (build) in the Ming Dynasty, is one of the best preserved walls in China. It once provided protection against enemies and its thickness is 2 (great) than its height. A good place to explore the rich history of Xi’an is surely the Shaanxi History Museum which contains about 1.7 million historical 3 (item). 【答案】1．built 2．greater 3．items 【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了西安的几个重要历史遗迹。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：西安城墙建于明朝，是中国保存最完好的城墙之一。分析句子可知，空处应用非谓语动词作定语，build与其逻辑主语the Xi’an City Wall之间是被动关系，表示动作已完成，应用过去分词。故填built。 2．考查比较级。句意：它曾为抵御敌人提供保护，其厚度大于高度。根据句子结构，空格处需要一个形容词，结合than判断需要使用greater的比较级。故填greater。 3．考查名词单复数。句意：探索西安丰富历史的好地方当然是陕西历史博物馆，那儿大约有170万件历史物品。item意为“物品”，是可数名词，被基数词1.7 million修饰，用名词复数形式作宾语。故填items。 Passage（2） （24-25高三上·北京朝阳·阶段练习）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 In today’s scientific world, talk to a few people in the travel industry, you’ll soon learn that superstition is still alive around the world. In parts of Asia, the number “four” 1 (consider)unlucky because it has a similar pronunciation to that of the Chinese word for “death”. One airline admitted that it omits row 4 or 44 because too many passengers refuse to sit in those 2 (seat). Flight attendants have a reputation for being superstitious, too. Some may have been known to refuse hotel rooms 3 numbers coincide with those of flights that ended in tragedy. 【答案】1．is considered 2．seats 3．whose 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了亚洲人不喜欢“4”这个数字以及原因。 1．考查时态语态。句意：在亚洲部分地区，数字“4”被认为是不吉利的，因为它与中文“死”的发音相似。主语the number “four”与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填is considered。 2．考查名词的数。句意：一家航空公司承认，他们省略了第4排和44排，因为有太多乘客拒绝坐在这些座位上。根据上文those可知seat用复数。故填seats。 3．考查定语从句。句意：有些人可能会拒绝入住与以悲剧告终的航班编号一致的酒店房间。定语从句修饰先行词rooms，在从句作定语，故用whose。故填whose。 （24-25高三上·北京朝阳·阶段练习）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Cambodia is experiencing a rise in population and unregulated development, which has been destructive for the environment. More and more 1 (experienced) farmers are taking up agriculture near the edges of Cambodia’ s forests. Unfortunately for Cambodia’s wild Asian elephants, this has caused a conflict with humans. As elephants search 2 food, they have destroyed farms. In turn, poor and uneducated farmers have killed the elephants 3 (protect) their livelihoods. By the early years of this century, the population of elephants 4 (fall) dramatically from about 2,000 to 500. 【答案】1．inexperienced 2．for 3．to protect 4．had fallen 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了柬埔寨大象和农民之间的矛盾。 1．考查形容词。句意：越来越多没有经验的农民开始在柬埔寨森林边缘从事农业生产。修饰名词farmers应用形容词inexperienced，作定语。故填inexperienced。 2．考查介词。句意：在大象寻找食物的过程中，它们摧毁了农场。短语search for表示“寻找”，故填for。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：反过来，贫穷和未受过教育的农民杀死大象以保护他们的生计。此处protect作目的状语用不定式。故填to protect。 4．考查时态。句意：到本世纪初，大象的数量从2000头急剧下降到500头。根据上文By the early years of this century可知表示过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had fallen。 （24-25高三上·北京朝阳·阶段练习）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Matt asked his friend Adam to help him play a practical joke on Tricia, one of his classmates. One day, as Matta and Tricia 1 (wait) for their bus after school, Matt asked Tricia to keep an eye on his briefcase for a minute while he ran to buy something. Then Adam came 2 (run) by and “stole” the briefcase. When Matta returned, Tricia explained 3 had happened. Matta acted really angry and told Tricia that the briefcase contained something very valuable which he thought she should be responsible for replacing. 【答案】1．were waiting 2．running 3．what 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了马特请他的朋友亚当帮他对他的同学崔西娅恶作剧的故事。 1．考查时态。句意：一天，玛塔和崔茜卡放学后在等公交车，马特让崔茜卡帮他看一会儿公文包，他自己跑去买东西。表示过去某个时间正在发生的动作用过去进行时，主语为Matta and Tricia，谓语用复数。故填were waiting。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：然后亚当跑过来“偷”了公文包。此处run与逻辑主语Adam构成主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故填running。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：玛塔回来后，崔茜卡解释了事情的经过。引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指事情用what。故填what。 Passage（1） （24-25高三上·北京·期中）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The crisis of food waste and 1 (lose) has reached alarming levels globally, gradually weakening efforts to eliminate hunger, poverty and environmental pollution, said the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) in a new report launched Wednesday. The UNEP Food Waste Index Report 2024 the second edition of this kind, 2 (launch) in Nairobi, the Kenyan capital, ahead of the International Day of Zero Waste which falls on Saturday. The world wasted 1.05 billion tons of food in 2022, equivalent to 132 kilograms per person and one-fifth of all food available to consumers, said the report 3 was co-authored by UNEP and WRAP, a British environmental charity. 【答案】1．loss 2．was launched 3．which/that 【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道，由联合国环境规划署（UNEP）发布的报告称，全球粮食浪费和损失危机已达到令人震惊的水平。 1．考查名词。句意：联合国环境规划署（UNEP）在周三发布的一份新报告中称，全球粮食浪费和损失危机已达到令人震惊的水平，逐渐削弱了消除饥饿、贫困和环境污染的努力。空处与waste并列，用名词作宾语。故填loss。 2．考查动词时态和语态。句意：联合国环境规划署的《食物浪费指数报告2024》（这是此类报告的第二版）于周六国际零浪费日之前在肯尼亚首都内罗毕发布。空处作谓语，主语The UNEP Food Waste Index Report 2024 the second edition为单数，与launch之间为被动关系，句子描述报告发布在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was launched。 3．考查定语从句。句意：这份由联合国环境规划署和英国环保慈善机构WRAP共同撰写的报告称，2022年全球浪费了10.5亿吨食物，相当于每人132公斤，占消费者所能获得的所有食物的五分之一。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the report，为物，作从句的主语，用关系代词which/that引导从句。故填which/that。 （24-25高三上·北京·期中）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In Miskolc, a northeastern city in Hungary, Fan Liyun has witnessed 1 a cup of tea makes a difference in cultural exchanges. Fan, 59, 2 (work) at the Confucius Institute of the University of Miskolc as a Chinese teacher currently. She observes that the institute is seeing more students who are curious about the institute’s courses this spring semester. “We usually held activities to attract students before new semesters. But it seems it’s no longer necessary as we almost 3 (finish) enrollment before this semester started, said Fan, who was known as Kristi by her students. “I think now the number of students 4 (study) in our institute has at least doubled, compared to when I first arrived here in 2019.” 【答案】1．how 2．works 3．had finished 4．studying 【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道，介绍了一位中国老师范丽云在匈牙利一所大学掀起了一股茶文化热潮，引起了孔子学院的学生报名人数激增。 1．考查宾语从句。句意：在匈牙利东北部城市米什科尔茨，范丽云见证了一杯茶如何对文化交流产生了巨大的影响。witness后为宾语从句，从句基本结构完整，结合句意，表示“如何”用连接副词how。故填how。 2．考查动词时态。句意：现年59岁的范目前在米什科尔茨大学孔子学院任教。空处作谓语，根据currently可知，句子描述当下发生的事情，结合work可知，此句用一般现在时表示目前情况。主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填works。 3．考查动词时态。句意：但现在看来已经没有必要了，因为在这学期开始之前，我们几乎已经完成了报名，范说，她的学生们都叫她克里斯蒂。空处作as引导从句的谓语动词，根据before引导时间状语从句中的谓语动词started，结合语境可知，在学期开始前报名已经完成，表示过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had finished。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：与我2019年刚来的时候相比，我认为现在在我们学院学习的学生人数至少翻了一番。句中已有谓语动词has，空处应用非谓语动词修饰students作定语，students与study构成主动关系，用现在分词。故填studying。 （24-25高三上·北京·期中）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The International Workers’ Day, also 1 (call) Labor Day or May Day, serves as a celebration of workers across the whole social spectrum(范围). Chinese people celebrate their holiday with a range of activities. It’s a time 39 relaxation, as workers enjoy a day off. This year’s holiday lasted from May 1 to May 5, during which time many people chose 2 (travel) to scenic spots, go shopping, visit exhibitions, or just enjoy their time off work with family and friends. Parks and public attractions across the country were filled with visitors eager to enjoy their vacation. 【答案】1．called 2．for 3．to travel 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了什么是国际劳动节，中国今年劳动节的时间及人们在期间的活动。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：国际劳动节，也被称为劳动节或五一，是整个社会阶层的工人的庆祝活动。句子的谓语为serves，空处为非谓语动词作定语，The International Workers’ Day与call为被动关系，用过去分词。故填called。 2．考查介词。句意：这是一个放松的时间，因为工人们享受一天的假期。relaxation为名词，空处为介词。time for…意思为：……的时间。故填for。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：今年的假期从5月1日持续到5月5日，在此期间，许多人选择去旅游景点，购物，参观展览，或只是与家人和朋友享受他们的假期。choose to do意思为：选择做某事，空处用不定式作宾语。故填to travel。 Passage（2） （24-25高三上·北京·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Beijing’s Central Axis (中轴线), which lines the historic stretch, recently achieved UNESCO 1 (recognize), drawing widespread praise and fueling a flourishing food scene with nearly10,000 dining establishments. According to the online service platform Meituan, data reveals that 2 (search) for “Beijing Central Axis” increased by 58 percent from January to July. In the first half of this year, consumption from visitors to Beijing contributed 10.5 percent 3 the capital’s restaurant sector. 【答案】1．recognition 2．searches 3．to 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章指出，联合国教科文组织近日将北京中轴线列入《世界遗产名录》。 1．考查名词。句意：北京中轴线，也是历史的延伸线，最近获得了联合国教科文组织的认可，赢得了广泛的赞誉，并推动了近10000家餐饮场所的蓬勃发展。分析句子可知，空处作谓语动词achieved的宾语，结合句意和所给提示词推知，应用名词recognition表示“（联合国教科文组织的）认证”。故填recognition。 2．考查名词复数。句意：线上服务平台美团的数据显示，一月份到七月份“北京中轴线”的搜索量增加了58%。空处在that引导的宾语从句中作主语，应用名词search“搜索”，可数名词，由increased by 58 percent可知，数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填searches。 3．考查介词。句意：今年上半年，来北京的游客的消费对首都餐饮业的贡献率达到了10.5%。此处符合短语contribute…to，意为“对……贡献了……”。故填to。 （24-25高三上·北京·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 As China’s opening- up has widened, many cities like Shenzhen 1 (attract) international talents to live, work and invest. as well as to establish businesses. Some of them have lived there for over 10 years, 2 (witness) and being part of the city’s economic progress. Foreign entrepreneurs (企业家) 3 meet specific requirements, such as clearing the Chinese- language proficiency test’s highest level, and possessing a master’s degree, among other qualifications, can accumulate a high score, which 4 (make) it easier for them to obtain a long- term work visa. Chinese cities are striving to be more open to the world, and I believe Shenzhen is an exemplary case. 【答案】1．have attracted 2．witnessing 3．who/that 4．makes 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出，随着中国的对外开放日益深化，以深圳为代表的许多城市开始吸引越来越多的国际人才前来工作生活。 1．考查时态。句意：随着中国对外开放的扩大，深圳等许多城市吸引了许多国际人才来生活、工作、投资以及建立企业。分析句子可知，空处需要谓语动词，由前面As引导的时间状语从句推知，这里表示动作从过去开始并延续到现在，符合现在完成时，且主语cities为复数，应用have+过去分词。故填have attracted。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们中有些人已经在那里生活了10多年，见证并且成为了城市经济进程中的一部分。分析句子可知，空处是非谓语动词作状语，witness与主句主语some之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。故填witnessing。 3．考查定语从句。句意：符合特定要求的外国企业家，如通过汉语水平测试的最高水平，拥有硕士学位等资格者，可以获得较高评分，这能使他们更容易获得长期工作签证。分析句子可知，Foreign entrepreneurs是主语，谓语动词是can accumulate，空处与其后句子组成定语从句并在其中作主语，以主句主语Foreign entrepreneurs为先行词，表示人，应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。 4．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：符合特定要求的外国企业家，如通过汉语水平测试的最高水平，拥有硕士学位等资格者，可以获得较高评分，这能使他们更容易获得长期工作签证。分析句子可知，空处在which引导的非限制性定语从句中，先行词为整个主句，视为第三人称单数，而该句描述一般现状，应用一般现在时。故填makes。 （24-25高三上·北京·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Papermaking technology 1 (introduce) to Central Asia in the 8th century and arrived in Europe around the 12th century. “It changed the historical process of Europe because papermaking technology made knowledge spreading possible at 2 (reduce) costs and broke the monopoly of knowledge by nobles and clerks.” says professor Xi Huidong. He points out that movable type printing was also a revolutionary invention, “The combination of those two things was 3 really moved us into the early modern world.” 【答案】1．was introduced 2．reduced 3．what 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了造纸术和活字印刷术对历史的深远影响。 1．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：造纸技术在8世纪传入中亚，大约在12世纪传入欧洲。introduce(介绍)是谓语动词，与主语Papermaking technology之间是被动关系，结合时间状语in the 8th century可知，句子讲述过去的事情，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为单数名词，谓语动词也应用单数形式。故填was introduced。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：它改变了欧洲的历史进程，因为造纸技术使得知识能够以更低的成本传播，打破了贵族和官员对知识的垄断。reduce(减少)作定语，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语costs之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式reduced。故填reduced。 3．考查表语从句。句意：这两件事的结合才是真正把我们带入早期现代世界的原因。“_____ really moved us into the early modern world”是表语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“(把我们带入早期现代世界的)事情”，用连接代词what引导该表语从句。故填what。 Passage（3） （2024·北京朝阳·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 It can be hard not to let negativity go into your day, especially during 1 (stress) periods of life. A bit of optimism makes you become better and emotionally 2 (healthy) in the long term. An optimistic person is always looking for the best in any situation and expecting that good things 3 (happen). But being optimistic doesn’t mean you go into denial and pretend everything is fine when it’s not. It is a particular state of mind 4 you hope for the best but prepare for the worst. 【答案】1．stressful 2．healthier 3．will happen 4．where 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了从长远来看，一点点乐观会让你变得更好，情绪更健康。一个乐观的人总是在任何情况下寻找最好的，并期待好事会发生。但乐观并不意味着你要否认一切，假装一切都很好，但事实并非如此。这是一种特殊的心态，你抱最好的希望，做最坏的打算。 1．考查形容词。句意：不让消极情绪进入你的生活是很难的，尤其是在生活压力很大的时候。修饰名词periods应用形容词stressful。故填stressful。 2．考查比较级。句意：从长远来看，一点点乐观会让你变得更好，情绪更健康。根据上文“become better”可知为比较关系，应用比较级。故填healthier。 3．考查时态。句意：一个乐观的人总是在任何情况下寻找最好的，并期待好事会发生。此处从句表示将来的动作，应用一般将来时。故填will happen。 4．考查定语从句。句意：这是一种特殊的心态，你抱最好的希望，做最坏的打算。定语从句修饰先行词state of mind，在从句作地点状语，故用where。故填where。 （2024·北京朝阳·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The horse-face skirt, or mamianqun in Chinese, is a traditional Chinese skirt that dates back to the Song Dynasty. Traditionally it has two panels 1 (attach) to a single waistband, which overlap in front of the body to form a “skirt door”, like the horse-face defenses on ancient city walls. It primarily 2 (represent) a Chinese philosophical concept that harmonizes strength and gentleness. The skirt has gone beyond time and space to become a fashion item today. It 3 (prefer) by fans of traditional clothing, who have continued to develop it. 【答案】1．attached 2．represents 3．is preferred 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了马面裙的历史以及受欢迎的情况。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：传统上，它有两个嵌板连接在一条腰带上，它们在身体前面重叠形成一个“裙门”，就像古代城墙上的马面防御一样。此处attach与panels构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填attached。 2．考查时态。句意：它主要代表了一种中国哲学观念，即和谐的力量和温柔。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为It，谓语用三单形式。故填represents。 3．考查时态语态。句意：它受到传统服装爱好者的青睐，他们一直在继续发展它。主语It与谓语构成被动关系，根据语境可知陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填is preferred。 （2024·北京朝阳·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 An elderly couple has become stars in the marathon community. 1 (win) at least 200 medals from sports meetings in the past ten years, they are regarded as role models by many people. Initially, the couple started running just 2 (improve) their health. Later, they decided to challenge themselves and signed up for a marathon. Though neither of them had run a full marathon before, they managed to complete it. They believe no matter 3 age it is, the marathon spirit of fighting to the end is essential. 【答案】1．Having won 2．to improve 3．what 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了一对老夫妇成为了马拉松界的明星。在过去的十年中，他们在运动会中赢得了至少200枚奖牌，被许多人视为榜样。讲述了他们的跑步经历。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的十年中，他们在运动会中赢得了至少200枚奖牌，被许多人视为榜样。此处win在句中应用非谓语动词，且在谓语之前发生，用having done形式，首字母大写。故填Having won。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：最初，这对夫妇开始跑步只是为了改善他们的健康。此处improve在句中作目的状语，用不定式。故填to improve。 3．考查状语从句。句意：他们相信，无论年龄多大，拼搏到底的马拉松精神都是必不可少的。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”应用no matter what。故填what。 Passage（4） （2025·北京西城·一模）语法填空 Your hometown could affect your navigational (导航的) skills. New research indicates that individuals 1 (raise) in cities with structured street patterns may encounter difficulties in navigation compared to those from rural areas with more organic layouts. This conclusion was drawn from a study 2 (involve) players of a mobile game about sea, 3 tests 3-D navigation skills. However, there’s hope for city residents: an urban version of the game showed slight improvements for them. 【答案】1．raised 2．involving 3．which 【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，与那些来自有机布局的农村地区的人相比，在有结构化街道模式的城市中长大的人在导航方面可能会遇到困难。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：一项新的研究表明，与那些来自有机布局的农村地区的人相比，在有结构化街道模式的城市中长大的人在导航方面可能会遇到困难。分析句子结构可知raise与逻辑主语individuals构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填raised。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一结论来自一项研究，研究对象是一款关于海洋的手机游戏的玩家，该游戏测试的是3D导航技能。分析句子结构可知involve与逻辑主语study构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填involving。 3．考查定语从句。句意：这一结论来自一项研究，研究对象是一款关于海洋的手机游戏的玩家，该游戏测试的是3D导航技能。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词game，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。 （2025·北京西城·一模）语法填空 The 5-Second Rule suggests food is OK to eat if you pick it up 1 five seconds or less. Believe it or not, scientists have tested the rule. We’re sorry to report it’s not necessarily true. Bacteria can attach 2 (it) to your food instantly, regardless of how quickly it 3 (pick) up. Food left there for five seconds or less will probably collect less bacteria than food sitting there for a longer time, but fast may not be fast enough. Floors, even clean-looking ones, harbor bacteria. Ultimately, if in doubt, abandon the food 4 (avoid) potential illness. 【答案】1．in 2．itself 3．is picked 4．to avoid 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了食物掉在地上，不管在多么短的时间内把它捡起来，都会有细菌附着。 1．考查介词。句意：5秒法则认为，如果你能在5秒或更短的时间内拿起食物，你就可以吃。结合句意可知，此处表示“在5秒内”，使用介词in，故填in。 2．考查反身代词。句意：细菌可以立即附着在你的食物上，不管它被吸收的速度有多快。it和主语Bacteria是同一指代对象，应用反身代词作宾语，故填itself。 3．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。it指代food，和动词pick之间是被动关系，且句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填is picked。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，如果有疑问，放弃食物以避免潜在的疾病。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to avoid。 （2025·北京西城·一模）语法填空 I’ll never forget my first visit to China. Mum encouraged me to try different kinds of food, and I did! I loved everything. But just when I thought I could deal with all Chinese food, I came across stinky tofu. A horrible grey thing that looked and smelt like a burnt sports shoe. “You needn’t try it 1 you don’t want to, ”Mum said. But I 2 (gather) all my courage to take a bite and was amazed to find it wasn’t so bad. It reminded me of blue cheese, a similarly strong smelling type of food you either love or hate. Maybe I 3 (fall) in love with stinky tofu-someday. 【答案】1．if 2．gathered 3．will fall 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者第一次去中国吃臭豆腐的经历。 1．考查状语从句。句意：妈妈说：“如果你不想试，就不必试。”引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”应用if。故填if。 2．考查时态。句意：但我鼓起勇气吃了一口，惊讶地发现它并没有那么糟糕。根据后文“and was amazed to find it wasn’t so bad”可知发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填gathered。 3．考查时态。句意：也许有一天我会爱上臭豆腐。此处表示将来发生的动作用一般将来时。故填will fall。 Passage（1） （2024·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought 1 myself, “Why would he carry all his books? ” Just then, some kids ran at him, 2 (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I 3 (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” 【答案】1．to 2．knocking 3．jogged 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者为一个掉落东西的男孩提供帮助的故事。 1．考查介词。句意：我心想，“他为什么要把所有的书都拿着？”think to oneself为固定搭配，表示“心想，暗想”，符合语境。故填to。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：就在这时，一些孩子朝他跑来，把他的书从他怀里撞了出来。句中已有谓语ran，空处作非谓语动词，knock与逻辑主语some kids之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式knocking作状语。故填knocking。 3．考查时态。句意：我很同情他，然后朝他慢跑过去。句中and连接并列句，空处作后句谓语，根据句中went可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式jogged。故填jogged。 （2024·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood 1 (name) the world’s oldest living man. And when 2 (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, 3 doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said. 【答案】1．was named 2．asked 3．who 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上最长寿的人John Tinniswood及其长寿秘诀。 1．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2024年4月5日，约翰·廷尼斯伍德被评为世界上在世最长寿的人。根据时间状语On April 5, 2024可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子应用一般过去时；name与主语John Tinniswood之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语John Tinniswood是单数，be动词使用was。故填was named。 2．考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被问及他的新头衔时，他分享了秘诀：适度。结合语意，when引导的时间状语从句中，主语为he，且ask与he之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be asked，状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词形式，则从句中的“主语+be动词”可以省略。故填asked。 3．考查定语从句。句意：Tinniswood不吸烟，也很少喝酒，他认为适量饮酒有助于他在长寿期间保持健康。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tinniswood，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 （2024·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time 1 (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of 2 (self-aware). When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and 3 (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. To practise this, we need to establish clear 4 (boundary) in our personal and professional life. 【答案】1．to rest 2．self-awareness 3．gives 4．boundaries 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了慢下来对个人成长的重要意义。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。take (the) time to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“花时间做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to rest。 2．考查名词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。空处作介词of的宾语，应用名词self-awareness，sense of self-awareness表示“自我意识”。故填self-awareness。 3．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当我们放慢脚步时，我们会创造空间来反思我们的想法和情绪，这有助于我们确定生活中的重要领域，并给我们做出正确选择的机会。which引导的非限制性定语从句中，根据helps可知，从句使用一般现在时，which指代前边的整个句子，所以从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式gives，gives与helps并列，作并列谓语。故填gives。 4．考查名词的数。句意：为了实践这一点，我们需要在个人和职业生活中建立明确的界限。句中boundary是可数名词，表示“界限”，根据空后in our personal and professional life可知，此处表示不止一个界限，名词应用复数形式boundaries。故填boundaries。 Passage（2） （2023·北京·高考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Nina has run marathons in 32 countries. All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call attention 1 global water issues. Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, 2 thousands were attending a water conference.She called for action 3 (address)the struggles of people around the world 4 (face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”. 【答案】1．to 2．where 3．to address 4．facing 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。尼娜在32个国家跑过马拉松。她所有的跑步活动都有一个目的：呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。她的努力鼓励其他人参与到一场名为“蓝色奔跑”的全球运动中来。 1．考查介词。句意：她所有的跑步活动都有一个指导目的：呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。表示“关注”短语为call attention to。故填to。 2．考查定语从句。句意：最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Chicago，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知address在句中作目的状语，故用不定式。故填to address。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知face与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填facing。 （2023·北京·高考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots. When 1 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. Mangroves can help soften waves and protect 2 (city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China 3 (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 【答案】1．seen 2．cities 3．has established 【导语】本文是说明文。红树林，生长在陆地和海洋之间，有助于软化海浪，保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭，到目前为止，中国已建立了一批红树林保护区。 1．考查状语从句的省略。句意：从远处看，红树林显得更加壮观。逗号前面是when引导的状语从句的省略，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词。在从句中，主语为the mangrove forests，和动词see是被动关系，从句应用一般现在时的被动语态，完整形式为when they are seen from afar，省略主语和be动词，故填seen。 2．考查名词复数。句意：红树林有助于软化海浪，保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭。此处应用名词city作宾语，为可数名词，应用复数形式表泛指，故填cities。 3．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now(到目前为止)可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词应用has，故填has established。 （2023·北京·高考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I 1 (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up 2 (exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest 3 (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 【答案】1．threw 2．exactly 3．had arrived 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在瑞士和法国体验到的不同的守时习俗。 1．考查动词时态。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。根据后文and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填threw。 2．考查副词。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。此处修饰介词短语on time，应用副词exactly，作状语。故填exactly。 3．考查动词时态。句意：多年以后，搬到法国后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到场，女主人还穿着睡衣。此处表示的动作发生在主句动词turned up之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。 Passage（3） （2022·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Since people can’t always eat out or cook for 1 (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of 2 are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even 3 (bad). The use of those plastics 4 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 【答案】1．themselves 2．which 3．worse 4．has increased 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了人们在点外卖的同时，也增加了塑料产品的使用，造成了环境污染。 【详解】1.考查反身代词。句意：因为人们不能总是在外面吃饭或者为他们自己做饭，所以他们叫外卖或者预定配送服务。空处在句中作介词for的宾语，当主语和宾语为同一物时，宾语要用反身代词。所以此处要用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 2.考查定语从句。句意：这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数（东西）只能使用一次。分析可知，most of ______are only good for one use在句中为非限制性定语从句；先行词为cups, bottles, and bags，在从句中作介词of的宾语，所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。 3.考查比较级。句意：这是个大问题，而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前，所以此处用worse，故填worse。 4.考查现在完成时。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。 （2022·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly 1   (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine 2 smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally 3 (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. 【答案】1．supported 2．whether 3．has 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍的是人们更喜欢一些味道而不是其它的味道的一个原因，是因为人们对气味的偏好是习得的，这个理论也是越来越多地被专家支持的。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是习得的。分析句子结构可知，空格处的动词做非谓语，结合空格后的by experts可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持”，所以空格处应用过去分词表被动。故填supported。 2．考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：解释我们怎样确定气味是不是危险的是容易的：我们学习到的。分析句子结构可知，空格前的determine为及物动词，空格后是主+系+表的句子结构，所以空格处的词用来引导宾语从句。再结合句意及空格后句子中的or not可知，此处考查whether…or not的搭配。故填whether。 3．考查主谓一致。句意：气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语，本句话是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时态，且主语gas在本文中指的是气体的统称，为不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单三形式。故填has。 （2022·北京·高考真题）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Helen was walking down the street late 1 the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention 2 (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man 3 (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! 【答案】1．in 2．to harm 3．caught 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是海伦在夜间独行时的一段经历。 1．考查介词。句意：深夜，海伦抱着购物袋走在街上。in the evening意为“在晚上”，固定搭配。故in。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。 3．考查动词时态。句意：最终，那个男人追上了她，他只是想把她的钱包还给她！结合句意空处应填谓语动词的形式，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填caught。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$