Unit2 Section Ⅰ-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义配套课件（外研版2019）

Unit 2 Improving yourself 主题语境：人与自我——不断完善自我认知、提升自我管理能力 单元知识预览 Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas 目录/CONTENTS 读文——语篇研析 深挖教材 背诵——晨背晚默 事半功倍 02 01 03 探究——要点直击 核心突破 闯关——达标检测 夯基固本 04 背 诵——晨背晚默 事半功倍 （词句背诵+语基默写，可打印，教师灵活使用） 读 文——语篇研析 深挖教材 （课文助读，可打印，教师灵活使用） a campaign for stopping using social media for seven days among some students vt.(某年、月、周)标志……的发生 v.(在困境等中)坚持下去，熬过(困境等) adj.真正的，像样的，名副其实的 相信你和我一样，迫切想要知道多少人有足够的动力坚持了整整七天！ 我哥哥觉得我应该充分利用好没有手机的时间，因此他带我去了我们当地的体育中心。 on the mountains, on the grass, and on the roofs 探 究——要点直击 核心突破 【高频词汇练全】 v．(用开关)改变，转换；交换，调换 n．开关；转换器；改变 switch 1 (should) switch off your mobile phone v．激发，激励→motivated adj．积极的，有……动机的→motivation n．动力；动机；积极性 motivate 2 v．占用(时间、空间等)；占领；使忙碌→occupied adj．忙碌的；占用的→occupation n．占领；职业，工作 occupy 3 v．分散(注意力)，使分心→distraction n．使人分心的事物→distracted adj．心烦意乱的，精神无法集中的→distracting adj．令人分心的 distract 4 n．接触的机会；通道，入口 v．进入；使用；存取(尤指电脑数据)→accessible adj．可进入的；可使用的 access 5 v．(为生活或生存而)依赖，依靠；信赖；指望→reliable adj．可信赖的；可靠的 rely 6 【中频词汇练会】 【重点句式练透】 n．交换；交流 vt.交换； 交流；交易；兑换 句型公式：with复合结构 1 vi.& vt.集中(精力、注意力等)；(使)调节焦距 n．中心；重点；焦点 2 n．交换；交流 vt.交换； 交流；交易；兑换 句型公式：make＋宾语＋宾语补足语 2 课下巩固训练（四） nervousness tougher contact made threw 速读明大意 Ⅰ．Skim the text and fill in the blanks． raised stepping Ⅱ．The passage is about ． fund excitement 精读知细节 Choose the best answer according to the text． 1．What was Devon's reflection on the Social Media Detox? A．He felt healthier because of the detox． B．He found it more difficult to tolerate than expected． C．He thought the phone occupied too much of his time． D．He realised the importance of face­to­face communication． 2．In which aspect did Cindy benefit from the Social Media Detox? A．Building confidence． B．Learning self­control． C．Gaining high­tech knowledge． D．Making new friends． √ √ √ 3．What was George's attitude towards stopping using social media? A．Positive． B．Doubtful． C．Changing． D．Unwilling． 4．How does the author end the text? A．By listing students' behaviour． B．By stating the results of the campaign． C．By analysing the harmful aspects of social media． D．By discussing the possibility of social media detox． 5．Which section of a forum may this text come from? A．Fashion． B．Travel． C．Lifestyle． D．Business． √ √ 读后悟考点 Ⅰ．扫词汇障碍 熟词 生义 mark (Part 1) 常见义： v．做标记→文章义： last (Part 2) 常见义： v．持续→文章义： proper (Part 4) 常见义：adj．合适的→文章义： Ⅱ．破译长难句 [教材1]　I bet you're as eager as I am to find out just how many have been motivated enough to last the full seven days！ [分析]　本句为主从复合句，you're as eager as I am为省略that的 从句；how many have been motivated enough to last the full seven days为how many引导的 从句。 [翻译]　 宾语 宾语 [教材2]　My brother thought I should make full use of the time without my phone, so he took me to check out our local sports centre． [分析]　本句为并列复合句，so前第一个分句为复合句，I should make full use of the time without my phone为省略that的 从句；so后第二个分句为简单句。 [翻译]　 宾语 Ⅲ．学表达技巧 修辞手法 [教材1]　This meant no messaging friends，no posting photos，no blogging—nothing． [分析]　使用了排比修辞。no messaging friends，no posting photos，no blogging语气一致的词语成串排列在一起增强语势，强调了脱瘾活动的强制性要求，令文章增色。 [仿写]　尝试用排比修辞完成句子 初雪来了。多么美啊，如此悄无声息地飘向群山，飘在草地上，落在屋顶上。 The first snow came．How beautiful it was, falling so silently ． 高级句式 [教材2]　I felt like I had lost an arm! [分析]　句子用了虚拟语气的表达，突出说明了社交媒体脱瘾活动对Anna来说是多么困难。 [仿写]　尝试用虚拟语气完成句子 我感觉自己好像失去了一切，但实际上，这是必要的一步。 I , but actually this was a necessary step． felt like I had lost everything 过渡衔接 [教材3]　 At first, I really felt I was missing out．Then, instead of messaging my friend, I went round to her house． [分析]　句中使用了顺序衔接词汇at first和then，描写了“我”在社交媒体脱瘾活动中的变化，衔接词汇instead of表示前后动作形成强烈对比。 [仿写]　尝试用过渡词汇完成句子 我们先吃早餐，然后我们没有坐公共汽车去学校，而是步行去的。 we had breakfast, and going to school by bus, we went there on foot． At first then instead of 情绪描写 [教材4]　I'm embarrassed to say that I threw in the towel on the first day! [分析]　句中的embarrassed写出了“我”因第一天就认输感到难为情。 [仿写]　尝试完成句子 我觉得尴尬极了，我提醒自己绝不会再犯这样的错误了。(2021·浙江卷读后续写) , I reminded myself that under no circumstances would I commit such a mistake again． Feeling embarrassed (1)switch on＝turn on 打开(电灯、无线电等)，接通(电流等) switch off＝turn off 关上，断掉(电源等) switch from ．．．to ．．． 从……转变为…… (2)press a switch 按下开关 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The librarian often switches the computer instantly she gets to the library． ②She successfully switched a country singer to a moderator last year． ③根据航空公司的规定，我们建议你在飞机起飞前关掉手机。 According to the airline rules，we suggest you before the plane takes off． 【点拨】　“开/关”电器用turn/switch on/off都可以；“开/关”水或煤气只能用turn on/off。 on from eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(motivate sb.,get sb.motivated)) 激励某人 motivate sb.to do sth. 激励某人做某事 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Most people said that salary was their main (motivate) for working． ②The purpose of the course is to develop our interest in English learning and get us (motivate)． ③依我看，我们应该鼓励学生们在学校里学会自立。(话题写作之学校生活) In my view, the students independent in school． motivation motivated should be motivated to be Occupying (1)occupy oneself in doing sth．/with sth． 忙着做某事/忙于某事 (2)be occupied (in) doing sth．/with sth． 忙着做某事/忙于某事 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ① (occupy) with all sorts of affairs，the manager had little time to have a good sleep． ② (occupy) herself with routine tasks, she had no time to attend to her children． Occupied ③我本应参加你的聚会，但是我忙于期末备考。(应用文之道歉信) I would have attended your party, but I for the final exam． ④很快，双胞胎忙于打扫厨房，而他们的父亲忙着做早餐。(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷读后续写) The twins soon cleaning up the kitchen while their father the breakfast． 【点拨】　表示“忙于做某事”的其他短语： ①be engaged in doing sth．　　　②be busy (in) doing sth．/with sth． ③be buried in doing sth． was occupied in preparing occupied themselves in was occupied with distraction distract students from distract sb．from sth． 把某人的注意力从某事上移开 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I (distract) by the singing of birds outside． ②You must reject (distract) and concentrate on your work at hand． ③把手机带进课堂会分散学生学习的注意力。 Bringing mobile phones into class will their study． was distracted (1)have/get/gain/obtain access to ．．． 有/得到/获得(接近、使用……) 的机会 give access to 准许进入 (2)sth．be accessible to sb． 某人可接近/可使用某物 has/gets/obtains/gains access to 【练透】　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①The information is there and waiting to be (access) to anyone here． ②Without permission, no one in our school has access this lab． ③我们学校的每一位学生都可以使用新图书馆。 →The new library every student in our school．(accessible) →Every student in our school the new library．(access) accessible to is accessible to rely on sb．/sth． 依靠或依赖某人/某事 rely on/upon sb．for ．．． 依靠某人获得…… rely on/upon sb．to do sth． 指望/相信/依赖某人做某事 rely on/upon it that ．．． 相信/指望……(it作形式宾语，that从句作 真正的宾语) for 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Not having found a better way, we had to rely on him (be) the interpreter． ②Bernard made up his mind to follow their examples to be a (rely) person whom others can rely on help． ③你可以相信我的介绍和努力会加深参观者对中国传统文化的了解。(应用文之申请信) You can my introduction and efforts can deepen visitors' understanding of traditional Chinese culture． 【点拨】　rely on的同义短语有：depend on/upon；count on/upon等。 to be reliable rely on it that C E n.抵押品 vt.用毛巾擦 Ⅰ．一词多义——根据语境选出pick up的含义 A．让某人搭车 B．(偶然)学会 C．接收 D．捡起 E．好转 ①The student bent down and picked up a book． ②It's not safe to travel by standing at the road side hoping to be picked up by passing motorists． ③She picked up Spanish when she was living in Mexico． ④We were able to pick up the BBC World Service． ⑤Much to my relief, my friend began to pick up after staying in hospital for several days． Ⅱ．熟词生义——猜测句中加黑词汇的词性及含义 ①His home and business are being held as security for the loan． ②James came out of his bedroom, toweling his wet hair． D A B 教材原文：With the detox now finished, they've switched on their devices and they're back online．如今，脱瘾活动已结束，他们纷纷开启电子设备，重返网络。 “with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”构成的复合结构在句中作状语或定语。主要结构如下： with＋宾语＋ eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(形容词/副词/介词短语（表,方式或伴随状态）,现在分词（表主动或正在,进行）,过去分词（表被动或已完成）,不定式（表将来）)) with cups in our hands 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He lay on the grass with his eyes (look) at the sky． ②With my homework (finish)，I gladly accepted her invitation． ③With so much homework (do), I can't go out to see a film with you． ④最后，我们手拿着杯子拍了一张合影，记录了这段难忘的经历。(应用文之活动介绍) In the end，we took a group photo， ，to record this unforgettable experience． looking finished to do 教材原文：The detox made me healthier！脱瘾活动让我更健康了！ “make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”复合结构： (1)此结构中，宾语补足语可由名词或形容词、不带to的不定式、过去分词或介词短语充当。 (2)当该结构的宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语，而把不定式短语或从句后置。 to make the world a better place 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I can make myself (understand) by the students． ②In the old society, the landlord made the farmers (work) day and night． ③People in the West make it a rule (buy) Christmas presents for their relatives and friends． ④同样吸引人的是世界知名人士的成功故事，这帮助我了解一个人如何努力工作，使世界变得更美好。 Equally attractive are the success stories of world­famous people，which help me understand how a person can work hard ． 【点拨】　在“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构中，不定式的符号to要去掉，但在被动语态中to要还原。 understood work to buy distracts access switch Ⅰ．单词拼写(每题1分，共8分) 1．For (安全) reasons, you'd better not visit unknown websites． 2．I have not met him yet but I have read his (概况) on the Internet． 3．You're supposed to keep your (毛巾) clean every day． 4．Tom admits that listening to music sometimes (使分心) him from his homework． 5．Across the world, 1．1 billion people have no (接触的机会) to clean drinking water． 6．When you feel on the point of exploding, try to (转变) the focus away from anger by thinking of something pleasant． security profile towel motivation constantly accessible 7．As a considerate teacher，he often thinks how he can (激励) his students when they have no idea what is in store for them． 8．I'm sorry to (占用) your precious time，but I really need to talk with you about the emergency． Ⅱ．单句语法填空(每题2分，共20分) 1．These methods can help improve students' (motivate) and interest． 2．Teachers have to (constant) update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional competence． 3．Medicine should not be kept where it is (access) to children for the sake of safety． motivate occupy to communicate reflecting had seen 4．He is so stubborn that it's no use persuading him (change) his mind once he makes a decision． 5．I have been so occupied work that I haven't had time for social activities． 6．You need some financial (secure) when you have children． 7．We shouldn't always rely on the Internet (communicate)with others． 8．It was getting dark so I switched on the light and drew the curtains． 9．David lowered his head and sat on the ground quietly, (reflect) on what I said to him just now． 10．The first time I met her, I felt like I (see) her somewhere． to change with security Ⅲ．完成句子/句式升级(每空3分，共18分) 1．在父亲的帮助下，双胞胎很快就把早餐准备好了。 , the twins soon got the breakfast ready．(with复合结构) 2．图书馆管理员们竭尽全力使图书馆干净整洁。 The librarians try their best to ．(make复合结构) 3．庆祝元宵节最初是在汉朝，已有两千多年的历史。 The Lantern Festival, , has a history of more than 2，000 years．(过去分词短语作后置定语) With their father helping them make the library clean and tidy first celebrated in the Han Dynasty 4．玛丽对聚会的描述太生动了，我都觉得自己也在现场。 Mary's description of the party was so vivid that I ． (虚拟语气) 5．As he was occupied in doing the research，he couldn't have access to playing with his son． ① ，he couldn't have access to playing with his son．(用现在分词短语作状语改写) ② ，he couldn't have access to playing with his son．(用过去分词短语作状语改写) felt like I had been there Occupying himself in doing the research Occupied in doing the research understand Ⅳ．课文语法填空(每题2分，共20分) The Social Media Detox, Brenton High's fundraising campaign for new sports equipment, drew over 100 students' attention．The participants were required 1 (stop) using social media for seven days．With the detox now 2 (finish), they're back online．Let's see what they have experienced． Anna, 3 found the detox too difficult to tolerate, decided to spend less time online and more time on her hobbies after the campaign．The detox made Devon 4 (understand) the value of real contact．He found doing the detox helped people talk and explain what they were doing and thinking．Cindy and George managed the whole week．They made full use of the to stop finished who raised importance better time by spending time with friends 5 doing sports respectively (各自地)．Max threw in 6 towel on the first day to check a party's address．He couldn't resist 7 (look) at his social media accounts to catch up on news and nearly missed the party! In the end, the detox not only 8 (raise) a total of $1，632．82, but also encouraged students to focus on the 9 (important) of stepping away from social media．They also realised that it's 10 (good) to communicate in real life than through social media． and the looking Ⅰ．阅读理解(每题3分，共24分) A (2024·辽宁省五校协作体高二上期末)Are you addicted to social media? You may think you can quit it any time you want, but your body and brain may not agree．Staying deeply connected to your social networks can be costly． Researchers took a look at how non­stop social networking can actually change your brain．Social media sites are used by one third of the global population, and 5%—10% are unable to control their online usage due to a psychological addiction．Researchers call this addiction a substance addiction, namely, a similar effect of drug or alcohol on addicts． There is a decline in the white matter (脑白质) that controls emotional processing and decision­making, largely because social media provides an immediate reward．When you post something online and someone “likes” it, you get the immediate reward—people's praise, and then your brain begins to long for these rewards．It's just like how a drug works． Researchers also looked at how multitasking affects the brain．When you are dealing with a variety of tasks, devices, and websites, you have to constantly switch your thinking modes, which usually leads to the unbalanced distribution of attention．Also, multitasking could damage your ability to commit to memory．Consider what happens when your phone vibrates (振动)．You feel the vibration and nine times out of ten, you pull your phones out to check, which will distract you from what you are doing． Of course there is nothing wrong with using social media to stay in touch with family, friends, and colleagues, but as with everything else in life, moderation (适度) is the key．Moderation can not only help us on task, but also help control the side effects from over stimulating our brains with social media, mobile devices, and screen time． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。社交媒体的过度使用会对大脑产生负面影响，适度使用社交媒体和注意脑部刺激的平衡是重要的。 1．What's the purpose of Paragraph 1? A．To raise a question． B．To give an example． C．To bring up the topic． D．To make an analysis． 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Are you addicted to social media？”及第二段中“Researchers took a look at how non­stop social networking can actually change your brain．”可知，文章第一段是想引出话题，故选C项。 2．What's the reason behind people's non­stop social networking? A．Their fragile brain structure． B．The convenient Internet access． C．The pressure from fast city life． D．Their mental dependence on it． 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据文章第三段“There is a decline in the white matter (脑白质) that controls emotional processing and decision­making, largely because．．．It's just like how a drug works．”可知，人们不停地使用社交网络背后的原因是他们对它的精神依赖，故选D项。 3．According to the passage, which of the following outcomes can multitasking bring about? A．An improvement in time management． B．A decline in creativity． C．A decrease in working efficiency． D．An increase in sensibility． 解析：选C。推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“When you are dealing with a variety of tasks, devices, and websites, you have to constantly switch your thinking modes．．．”可知，当你在处理各种各样的任务、设备和网站时，你必须不断地转换你的思维模式，这通常会导致注意力的不均衡分配。当你感觉到振动，十有八九你都会拿出手机检查，这会分散你的注意力，多任务处理会让工作效率下降，故选C项。 4．What is the author's attitude towards social media? A．Objective． B．Doubtful． C．Supportive． D．Critical． 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Of course there is nothing wrong with using social media．．．”可知，使用社交媒体与家人、朋友和同事保持联系并没有错，但与生活中的其他事情一样，适度是关键。作者对社交媒体的态度是很客观的，故选A项。 B Young students are often considered “digital natives”， with technology integrated into every aspect of their lives．While this can be an advantage in some situations, research has shown that the impact is not entirely positive—the Internet allows them to quickly find information at the cost of significant distraction in class．Without being attentive, students will be incapable of processing information, which means they're not going to be able to understand, analyse, criticise and come to some decision about the information． When students can't seem to focus, a common idea among teachers is that short is good．Many teachers simply cut lessons into smaller pieces．Some teachers begin classes with mindfulness exercises when students need to concentrate．However, it turns out that any sort of “tech breaks” could counteract the desires to come back to study． Some teachers also choose to “meet students where they are” on platforms like YouTube．A 2018 study from Pearson found that students tended to stay away from physical books, preferring video as a source of information second only to teachers．By meeting students where they already engage and create, teachers can better catch attention． However, while some educators are welcoming technology in the classroom, multiple studies have shown more traditional classrooms can be more successful．A 2014 study found taking notes in longhand helped students withhold information better than using a laptop．Researchers also point out switching between short teaching pieces too quickly could take valuable comprehension from the students．Students need time to engage with a topic before moving on． Even many tech advocates find value in traditional methods and suggest an integrated learning．They agree teachers' authority remains vital and the face­to­face interaction between students and teachers is still the primary component in the classroom．Technology will be favoured only when it improves a lesson in ways that are impossible offline． Success is no longer about knowing the most．Instead, it's the ability to think critically and creatively, the very skills that digital media weakens by lowering attention spans．If you think of people who became successful in the tech world, it wasn't because they could code; it was because they could think．Digital natives will continue to eagerly adopt new media．Teachers have no choice but to upgrade themselves, not only to ensure students can access and take advantage of new technologies, but to educate students to succeed in a world constantly trying to distract them． [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了电子科技已经融入了年轻学生的生活中，研究表明互联网让他们能够快速找到信息，而代价是课堂上的注意力严重分散。教师别无选择，只能自我提升，这不仅是为了确保学生能够接触和利用新技术，也是为了教育学生在一个不断试图分散他们注意力的世界中取得成功。 5．What result has technology brought to students? A．It urges them to process information． B．It prevents them obtaining information． C．It ruins their possible classroom distraction． D．It damages their ability to digest information． 解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句话“Without being attentive, students will be incapable of processing information, which means they're not going to be able to understand, analyse, criticise and come to some decision about the information．”可推知，互联网会让学生的注意力分散，注意力分散后就不能很好地消化所获得的信息。 6．What does the underlined word “counteract” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Maintain． B．Motivate． C．Reduce． D．Replace． 解析：选C。词义猜测题。根据第二段第三句话“Some teachers begin classes with mindfulness exercises when students need to concentrate．”以及转折连词however可知，前后为转折关系。根据画线词所在句子“any sort of ‘tech breaks’”和后面的“the desires to come back to study”可知，老师在上课是会想一些办法让学生集中注意力，但是，只要碰上和互联网有关的东西，就会降低孩子们学习的欲望，所以counteract的意思为“减少，降低”。 7．What can we learn from the passage? A．Direct instruction takes priority in lessons． B．Digital resources will weaken offline learning． C．Small lessons can engage students in learning． D．Laptop noting helps students gain knowledge better． 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第五段第一、二句话“Even many tech advocates find value in traditional methods and suggest an integrated learning．They agree teachers' authority remains vital and the face­to­face interaction between students and teachers is still the primary component in the classroom．”可推知，在教学当中，我们应该遵循传统的方法，老师和学生面对面教学，老师对学生做出直接的指导并且应该在教学中占优先地位。 8．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Students need to learn to get rid of social media． B．Teachers should progress to educate the young generation． C．The benefits of technology on education outweigh its harm． D．Traditional methods are favoured by both teachers and students． 解析：选B。主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合最后一段最后一句话“Teachers have no choice but to upgrade themselves, not only to ensure students can access and take advantage of new technologies, but to educate students to succeed in a world constantly trying to distract them．”可知，这篇文章想要表达我们不可能避免网络或科技给学生们带来的害处，只有老师不断提升自己来教育年轻的一代，让他们在一个不断试图分散他们注意力的世界中取得成功。 Ⅱ．七选五(每题2分，共10分) “Brain plasticity” is a word we hear more and more in the world of wellness．Want to keep sharp？1( )． No caffeine (咖啡因) after 10 am． Getting enough good quality shut­eye is essential to functioning properly．2( )．Swart says：“I personally never drink caffeine after 10 am just because a quarter of it hangs around in your brain for up to 12 hours, so the possible impact on sleep is not worth it for me．” 3( )． Exercise like running or skipping, which increases your heart rate and gets oxygen pumping around in your blood, is great for the brain．Swart says, “If it's an exercise you enjoy, your brain releases a growth factor that encourages the growth of neurons (神经元)．”So make sure it's something you love doing． Don't forget to breathe． 4( )．And a new phenomenon, called “tech apnea”， refers to the tendency (倾向) to hold your breath while you're leafing through or typing on social media．Swart warns, “Check in on how you're breathing every hour．Try to breathe deeper, ensuring that you breathe in and out more or less equally．” Lay your clothes out the night before． You might consider things like having a meal plan for the week or laying your clothes out the night before as habits of super­organised types．5( )—you don't have to use up valuable brainpower on these little things, thus reducing your decision fatigue (决策疲劳)． Monitor your news and social media consumption． Make an effort to monitor both your news and social media consumption, checking in with how it's affecting your mood, and consider limiting your exposure if you feel it's having a negative impact． A．Do something you love when it comes to exercise B．When we're stressed we take short, shallow breaths C．Take a more preventative approach to our wellbeing D．With rest in mind, be strategic about your caffeine intake E．But there is an added benefit to simplifying life for your brain F．Swart stresses the importance of taking into account where you choose to exercise G．Scientist Tara Swart outlines five rules of wellness she lives by to support her own brain health [语篇解读]本文是说明文。文章给出了让自己保持大脑敏锐的几点建议。 1．解析：选G。设空处承上启下，起过渡作用。设空处上文指出“大脑可塑性”是健康领域越来越热门的话题，设空处下文列举出五点行为建议，由此可推知，设空处应当指出有五种做法可以帮助大脑保持敏锐，G项符合语境。G项中的Tara Swart与下文中的Swart构成原词复现，brain health与上文中的Brain plasticity和keep sharp相照应，且G项中的five rules指代下文中的具体建议。 2．解析：选D。设空处承接上文，引出本段主旨。设空处上文指出足够的高质量睡眠十分重要，设空处下文提出Swart关于喝咖啡的建议，由此可推知，设空处应当指出为了保证休息需要控制咖啡因的摄入，D项符合语境。D项中的rest与上文中的shut­eye构成同义词复现，D项中的caffeine与小标题中的caffeine和下文中的caffeine构成原词复现。 3．解析：选A。设空处为小标题，起总结全段主旨的作用。根据本段内容可知，本段主要说明选择自己喜欢的锻炼方式对大脑健康更加有益，A项符合语境。A项中的exercise与下文中的Exercise构成原词复现，且A项中的you love与下文中的you love构成原词复现并与下文中的you enjoy构成同义词复现。 4．解析：选B。设空处位于段首，起引出话题的作用。根据小标题和本段内容可知，本段指出，在使用社交媒体时人们往往会屏住呼吸，引发科技导致的呼吸暂停的现象，因此我们需要不时地检查自己的呼吸，确保吸入与呼出大致平衡，由此可推知，B项符合语境。B项中的breaths与下文中的breath构成原词复现。 5．解析：选E。设空处与上文为转折关系。设空处上文指出规划好日常事务似乎是极其有条理的人的习惯，设空处下文说明了提前规划的具体好处，由此可推知，设空处应当指出这种行为习惯对大脑而言是有益的，E项符合语境。E项中的an added benefit指代下文内容。 $$