Unit 8 拓展板块（教材重难知识导学 · 精讲精练）（教师版+学生版）-【帮课堂】2024-2025学年七年级英语下册同步学与练（仁爱科普版2024）

null Unit 8 Developing the Topic (拓展板块) 主题内容 学习目标 主题范畴: 人与自然→世界不同地区的生态特征与自然景观；热爱与敬畏自然，与自然和谐共生 主题内容： 围绕话题Our Blue Planet展开，Oral communication部分采取“以听促说”的形式，引导学生拓展单元“水资源保护”的话题，开展口头语言交际活动。Reading for Writing部分培养学生的书面表达能力。学生通过阅读范文，获取有关节约用水的相关知识；借助主旨与细节图梳理语篇要点和关键信息，学习范文语言；通过自主绘制节水的主旨与细节图表及所提供的写作模板，完成写作任务。 1. 语言知识&技能: （1）运用所学听力策略获取关于世界水日的细节信息; （2）基于所获信息，提取、归纳制作世界水日宣传海报的关键信息； （3）基于写作目的、文体和要求，分析语篇结构，列出有关居家与户外节水方式的内容要点； （4）绘制主旨与细节图，谋篇布局，拟定框架，完成写作任务。 2. 文化意识&思维品质: （1）运用相关的语言表达，谈论更多实用且创新的节水措施，培养节约用水的良好习惯； （2）了解世界水日的相关知识以及海报制作的关键要素，激发创新更多实用的节水措施。 3. 学习策略: （1）利用所给的图片素材和语言提示，进行小组讨论并记录更多实用且创新的节水措施，并在班级进行汇报； （2）通过自评和互评，学会反思，改进初稿的结构、内容和语言。 ➽自主预习 请预习下列重点单词、短语和句型，并完成下面的表格。 词性 中文 英文 重点单词 名词 1. 机器，机械装置；计算机，电脑 2. 建议；提议 3. 信息 4. 洗澡；浴盆；澡堂 动词 1. 介绍 2. 投；扔 形容词 肮脏的；污秽的 副词 在(某距离)处;离开 兼词 1. v./n.搜索；搜查 2. adv.仍然 adj.静止的 重点短语 中文 英文 中文 英文 1. 寻找；搜索；搜查 2. 从······开始 3. 洗澡；泡澡 4. 确定/必然做某事 5. 列一个(···的)清单 6. 把···介绍给某人 7. 几个;一些 8. 小心；当心 重点句型 中文 英文 1. 向我们的老师和同学寻求建议。 2. 在网上搜索信息。 3. 向同学们介绍海报。 4. 你可以从小事做起，在家里节约用水。 5.···不要用洗衣机只洗几件脏衣服；要淋浴，不要泡澡。 6. 瓶里面还有饮用水时，不要把它们扔掉。 7. 你一定会找到许多节约用水的方法。 小试牛刀：根据语境及提示完成句子。 1. A washing m___________ helps us clean clothes quickly. 2. We can find i___________ about different ways of saving water online. 3. I ___________ my house ________ my phone, but I can’t find it. (寻找) 4. Can you t___________ the ball to me, Jack? 5. Taking a short shower instead of a ___________ saves a lot of water. (洗澡) ➽问题探究 知识点1 Asking our teachers and classmates for suggestions. 向我们的老师和同学寻求建议。（教材P30） 1) ask sb. for sth. 意为“向某人要某物/寻求某物”。 E.g. Don't always ask your parents for money. 不要总是向你父母要钱。 Why don't you ask him for his advice? 你为什么不征询他的意见？ 拓展: ask的相关短语 ask (sb.) about sth. (向某人)询问某事 ask sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助 ask sb. to do sth. 要求/请求某人去做某事 (否定结构: ask sb. not to do sth. 要求/请求某人不要做某事) 注意：与此用法相同的动词还有tell、want、decide、promise等。 E.g. He often asks me about my family. 他经常向我询问我家人的情况。 You can ask the police for help. 你可以向警察寻求帮助。 My mother asks me to drink milk everyday. 我妈妈要求我每天喝牛奶。 My big brother asks me not to spend too much money on juice. 我哥哥要求我不要花太多的钱买果汁。 2) suggestion 可数名词，意为“提议；建议”。常与介词for、about或 on连用。 常用短语: offer/make a suggestion 提建议 E.g. —Can I make a suggestion? 我提个建议好吗？ —OK. 好的。 The article offers suggestions for ways of raising money. 这篇文章就筹钱的方法提出了建议。 Here are some suggestions on how to keep healthy. 以下是关于怎样保持健康的一些建议。 拓展: ① suggest 是 suggestion 的动词形式，意为“建议”。 常用结构: suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 suggest+(that)从句 建议······ E.g. She often suggests doing exercise in the morning. 她经常建议早上做运动。 They usually suggest that we should drink a cup of milk every day. 他们通常建议我们应该每天喝一杯牛奶。 ② advice 意为“建议”，是不可数名词。表示几条建议时需要借助单词piece。 E.g. a piece of good advice 一条好的建议 three pieces of advice 三条建议 【练习】 1．—Tommy is planning to buy a car. And he has saved enough for ________ used one. —I know. He has asked for ________ from one of bi s friends working in Audi 4S store. A．a; lots of advices B．an; lots of advices C．an; lots of advice D．a; lots of advice 2．You can ask ________ for help. A．I B．we C．us D．his 知识点2 Searching for information online. 在网上搜索信息。（教材P30） 1) search v. 意为“搜索；搜查”。 search for 意为“寻找；搜索；搜查”。 E.g. She searches everywhere for her keys. 她到处找她的钥匙。 拓展: search的相关短语 search sp./sb. 搜查某地/某人 search (...) for sb./sth. 在(···中)搜索某人或某物 E.g. The police are searching the forest for the missing child. 警察正在搜索这片森林寻找失踪的孩子。 Let's search the website for the ticket. 让我们在网上搜索门票信息吧。 拓展: search n. 意为“搜索；搜查；查找”。in search of... 意为“寻找/搜寻......”，可与look for 互换。 E.g. The search for the cure goes on. 人们还在继续探寻治疗方案。 She plans to go to the kitchen in search of some water to drink. 她打算去厨房寻找一些水喝。 2) information 不可数名词，意为“信息；消息”。不能用many、a few、few等修饰，但可以被some、much、a lot of、lots of、alittle、little 等词或短语修饰。 E.g. We can get much information online. 在网上我们可以获得大量信息。 注意: 表示“一/几则信息”用“基数词+piece(s)+ of information" E.g. Here is a piece of information from Beijing. 以下是来自北京的一则信息。 【练习】 1. Miss Li advised us to search for some ________ on the Internet about wild animals to finish our report. A．instructions B．introduction C．information D．communication 2．—How can I learn more about Liubao tea? —You can search for some ______ on the Internet. A．message B．information C．suggestion 知识点3 Introduce the poster to the class. 向同学们介绍海报。（教材P30） introduce v. 意为“介绍”。introduce sb./sth. to sb. 意为“把某人/物介绍给某人”。 E.g. Let me introduce myself to you. 让我向大家介绍一下自己。 拓展: introduce 的名词形式是 introduction, 可数名词，意为“介绍；序言；引言”。 E.g This is the introduction of the book. 这是这本书的介绍。 【练习】 —Who is your best friend, Lucy? —Alice. She is kind and friendly. Let me introduce (介绍) ________ to you. A．she B．her C．he 知识点4 You can start with little things to save water at home. 你可以从小事做起，在家里节约用水。（教材P31） 1) start v. 意为“开始”，后跟名词、代词、动词不定式或动词-ing形式；可与begin互换。 E.g. —When do you start your new job? 你什么时候开始新工作？ —This Wednesday. 这周三。 2) start/begin with... 意为“以.......开始”。 E.g. When we learn English, we always start with ABC. 当我们学英语时，总是从ABC开始学。 归纳: start构成的其他短语 start sth. 开始某事 start doing/to do sth. 开始做某事 E.g. I start work at nine every day. 我每天9点开始工作。 We should start protecting/to protect animals from now on. 我们应该从现在开始保护动物。 【练习】 1. Let’s begin. A．start B．finish C．spend D．paint 2. Everyone _________here now. Let’s ________. A．are, begin B．are, to begin C．is, start D．is, to start 知识点5 ...don't use the washing machine for just a few dirty clothes; and take a shower, not a bath. ······不要用洗衣机只洗几件脏衣服；要淋浴，不要泡澡。（教材P31） bath n. 意为“洗澡；澡盆；澡堂”。take/have a bath 意为“洗澡；泡澡”。 E.g. I'm in a bath. 我在泡澡。 Before going to bed, I want to have a bath. 在睡觉前，我想洗个澡。 拓展: bath v. 意为“给······洗澡”。 E.g. It's your turn to bath the baby. 轮到你给婴儿洗澡了。 辨析: take a shower 和 take a bath 短语 区别 take a shower 指使用淋浴头或花洒进行冲洗，水流直接喷洒在身体上, 达到清洁的目的。 take a bath 通常指的是在浴缸或浴盆中泡澡，可以是全身浸泡在水中进行洗浴。 【练习】 Be sure to keep the bathroom floor dry after you have a _________ or bath. A．test B．speech C．shower D．rest 知识点6 Don't throw away drinking water bottles when there is still water in them. 瓶里面还有饮用水时，不要把它们扔掉。（教材P31） 1) throw v. 意为“投；扔；掷”。 throw away 意为“扔掉；丢弃”。 E.g. Don't throw the old clothes away. 不要把你的旧衣服扔掉。 拓展: throw 的相关短语 throw sb. sth.= throw sth. to sb. 把某物扔给某人 throw...to... 把··扔给···（无感情色彩） throw...at... 把··扔给···（有攻击色彩） E.g. Please throw me the jacket. = Please throw the jacket to me. 请把那件夹克衫扔给我。 They throw snowballs at each other. 他们朝彼此扔雪球。 2) away adv. 意为“在（某距离）处；离开”。 E.g. My school is far away from my home. 我的学校离我家很远。 Please care for my cat when I'm away. 我不在的时候，请帮我照看一下我的猫。 拓展: away的相关短语 take away拿走 put away将···收起 run away 逃跑 keep away from 远离 go away 走开 far away from离···远 far away 远离的 3) still adv. 意为“仍然；还是；依旧”，多用于肯定句或疑问句中，表示某事仍在继续。 其常位于实义动词之前，助动词、情态动词或 be动词之后。 E.g. She is more than 60, but she still looks young. 她60多岁了，但看起来仍然年轻。 It is cold outside. Still, we have a good time. 外面很冷，不过我们仍然玩得很开心。 I'm still kind of thirsty. 我还是有点渴。 【练习】 1．Look! Some kids ________ snow ________ each other. A．throw; at B．threw; to C．are throwing; at D．are throwing; for 2．________ throw rubbish into the river! A．Not B．Don’t C．Doesn’t D．No 知识点7 And you are sure to find many waysto save water. 你一定会找到许多节约用水的方法。（教材P31） be sure to do sth. 意为“一定会做某事；肯定会做某事”。此时sure是形容词，意为“肯定的；确信的；有把握的”。 E.g. He is sure to come. 他一定会来的。 拓展: sure构成的其他短语或句型结构 be sure of/about (doing) sth. 对（做）某事有把握 make sure+(that)从句 务必；确保··· be sure+(that)从句 确信··· make/be sure to do sth. 一定做某事 E.g. I can do it. I'm sure of it. 我能办到的，对此我很有把握。 I'm sure that tomorrow will be better. 我确信明天会更好。 Make sure you turn off the lights before you leave the house. 在你离开房子之前确保把灯关掉。 链接: sure还可作副词，意为“当然；确实；无疑地”，可用于表示对事情的认可、赞同，用以回答对方提出的请求等，相当于of course 或 certainly。 E.g —Can I ask you some questions? 我可以问你一些问题吗？ —Sure. 当然。 【练习】 _______ bring your notebook here tomorrow. A．Be sure about B．Be sure to C．Make sure D．Be sure of 写作点拨 主旨和细节是相互依存、相辅相成的关系。主旨是文章的核心和灵魂，为细节的选择和描述提供了框架和指导，避免文章内容的混乱和无序。而细节则是对主旨的具体支撑和充实。丰富、生动、准确的细节能够使主旨更加清晰、深刻和有说服力。下面让我们结合教材第31页以读促写部分的范文来谈谈如何在说明文写作中运用主旨大意和细节。 标题 → 《节约每一滴水》点明本文主旨大意是关于如何节约用水。 开头 → 开头部分用一两个句子说明地球上没有足够的水资源，然后引出主题句：我们需要节约用水。 可用句型： We all need water but... So, we need... 我们都需要水，但是······。所以我们需要······。 We can't live without water, so we should/must/have to... 没有水我们不能生存，因此我们应该/必须······。 Water is important/useful/valuable for us, so we should/must... 水对我们来说是重要的/有用的/珍贵的，所以我们应该/必须······。 主体 →列举节约用水的具体措施： 1. 刷牙时关闭水龙头； 2. 脏衣服少时不要用洗衣机洗； 3. 洗澡用淋浴不要泡澡； 4. 下雨时收集雨水； 5. 不要扔掉还没喝完的矿泉水瓶。 可用句型： You can... 你可以······。 For example, do/don't... 比如，应该/不应该······。 First, you should.... Second, you can....Finally, you must... 首先，你应当······；其次，你可以······；最后，你必须······。 结尾 → 结尾部分再次提醒人们要注意节约用水，相信人们可以找到许多节约用水的方法。 可用句型： Always do... and you are sure to do... 总是要······，那么你一定会······。 Save every drop of water and we can make a difference. 节约每一滴水，我们会有所作为。 【练习】 书面表达。 本期班会主题是“如何节约用水”，你将代表你们小组发言。请根据图片信息提示，以“How to Save Water”为题，写一份英语发言稿。 写作要求： 1. 文中需包含所提示要点，可适当发挥使行文连贯； 2. 语意通顺，条理清晰，书写规范； 3. 文中不得出现真实人名和校名等相关信息： 4. 词数70左右。 How to Save Water ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 作文分析思路： 明确主题：围绕“如何节约用水”展开，紧扣主题。 结构：文章可分为开头、主体和结尾三部分。 开头：引入主题，说明水的重要性，并提出问题“如何节约用水”。 主体：列举具体的节水方法，使用“First, Second, Third, Finally”等连接词，使文章条理清晰。 结尾：总结全文，呼吁大家养成节水习惯。 短语：in our everyday life在我们的日常生活中 save water节约用水 keep the water running让水一直流 turn off the tap关掉水龙头 throw away扔掉 every drop of water is valuable每一滴水都很宝贵 collect rainwater收集雨水 develop the good habit养成好习惯 句型： Water is important in our everyday life.水在我们的日常生活中很重要。（用于开头，点明主题。） But how can we save water? 但我们如何节约用水呢？（用于提出问题，引出下文。） Here are some tips. 以下是一些建议。（用于过渡到具体方法。） First, don’t keep the water running when washing your hands. 首先，洗手时不要让水一直流。（用于列举具体做法，使用“First”使文章有条理） Remember that every drop of water is valuable. 记住，每一滴水都很宝贵。（用于强调节水的重要性。） In short, we need to develop the good habit of saving water. 总之，我们需要养成节约用水的好习惯。（用于总结全文，提出呼吁） ➽思维导图 ➽基础过关 一、单词拼写 1．Fold your clothes, Tom! Don’t (throw) them everywhere. 2．You can search some information on your computer. 3．My English teacher gave me some (suggest) about how to learn English well. 4．She (take) a shower after breakfast. 5．We can get a lot of (information) on the Internet. 二、完成句子 1．我经常使用我的手机搜索有用的信息。 I often use my mobile phone to search for _________ __________. 2．You must be careful when you cross the street.(改为祈使句) when you cross the street. 3．special, is, a, way, week, start, it, to, the (连词成句) . 4．Tom usually takes a shower at 5:30. (改为一般疑问句) Tom usually a shower at 5:30? 5．首先让我向大家作一下自我介绍吧。 First, let me introduce to you. 三、单项选择 （ ）1．I don’t know where to spend our winter holiday. Mr. Lee suggested ________ Sanya. A．to visit B．visited C．visiting （ ）2．I suggested ________ the foreign students how to use chopsticks. A．teach B．to teach C．teaching D．taught （ ）3．He introduced ________ to ________ friends. A．I; his B．me; his C．he; his D．she; his （ ）4．—If you don’t know how to start your project, you may ask Mr. Li for help. —Okay, thank you for your advice. A．suggestion B．chance C．design （ ）5．—Hello! May I speak to Tom? —Oh, please wait a minute. He ________ a bath. A．take B．takes C．is taking D．will take （ ）6．The Blacks throw away as ________ plastic bottles as the Browns. A．many B．much C．more D．most （ ）7．—________ you like to go shopping with me? —Sure, I’d love to. A．Would B．Should C．Could D．Might （ ）8．People throw away ________ rubbish every day. A．a lot of B．many C．a few. D．few （ ）9．—How can I get much ________ about the earth? —You can go online and search for it. A．way B．idea C．job D．information （ ）10．The teacher asks us ________ in the classroom between classes. A．don’t shout B．not shout C．not shouting D．not to shout ➽能力提升 1、 完形填空。先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 In ancient (古代的) China, there was a clever boy. His name was Sima Guang. One day he played hide and seek (捉迷藏) 1 other children near a vat (缸). A 7-year-old boy wanted 2 in the big vat. But he didn’t see there was much 3 in the vat, he fell into the water and 4 for help. Seeing that, other 5 were so afraid that cried for help. But Sima Guang wasn’t afraid at all. He looked around and found a big stone (石头), then he picked it up and broke (砸破) the vat. 6 , the water came out from the 7 and the boy was saved in time. Most people thought that boy would lose his 8 . In the end, Sima Guang saved the boy. Sima Guang thought the real danger of the child was not the vat, 9 the water in it. Many people like this story. It tells us when we are in danger, we can try to find 10 ways to solve (解决) them. （ ）1．A．in B．on C．at D．with （ ）2．A．hid B．hiding C．to hide D．hide （ ）3．A．beach B．water C．drink D．sea （ ）4．A．worried B．heard C．shouted D．listened （ ）5．A．man B．person C．woman D．children （ ）6．A．Quick B．Friendly C．Luckily D．Usually （ ）7．A．bowl B．glass C．cup D．vat （ ）8．A．face B．life C．legs D．eyes （ ）9．A．so B．because C．but D．and （ ）10．A．different B．dirty C．dark D．difficult 二、阅读理解 A On March 22nd, many schools celebrate World Water Day. Students learn why water is important. Only 1% of the Earth’s water is safe to drink. Teachers show videos about dry places where people walk far to get water. They teach easy ways to save water: ● Turn off taps when brushing teeth (This saves 8 liters a day!). ● Fix broken pipes quickly. Students make posters with words like “Save Water!” and draw pictures of reusing washing water for plants. They also play a game to guess how much water daily activities use. For example, a 10-minute shower uses 100 liters! The winner gets a special water bottle. Now, students always check taps at home. （ ）1．How much water can we drink on Earth? A．1%. B．10%. C．25%. D．50%. （ ）2．How to save 8 liters of water daily? A．Take short showers. B．Fix pipes. C．Turn off taps when brushing. D．Reuse water. （ ）3．What is the prize in the game? A．A book. B．A poster. C．A water bottle. D．A toy. （ ）4．What do students do after the activity? A．Take long baths. B．Check taps at home. C．Buy more bottles. D．Dig wells. （ ）5．What is the text mainly about? A．A school water-saving activity. B．How to drink water. C．Fun games for children. D．Life in dry places. B I’m Jenny from Grade Seven. Our school finishes at 3 o’clock every afternoon. Every Friday after school, my friends Kate, Lucy, Annie and I have something to do. We do some cleaning on the school playground for two hours. We usually take some rubbish (垃圾) bags with us. “How can we four clean the big playground?” Lucy asks. I share my idea, “How about working in groups (组)?” So we divide us into two groups. Annie and Kate are in one group and Lucy and I are in the other group. Annie and Kate start from the west end (西端), and Lucy and I start from the east end. Two hours later, we meet in the middle of the playground. Every week students from different classes come together with us to clean the playground. Lots of students play on the playground every day. And some of them may fall over all kinds of rubbish, like banana skins (外皮) or water bottles. We clean the playground every Friday and it’s closed on the weekend. Then every Monday the nice and clean playground is there for us to use. Everyone can play on it happily. We’re very happy for our work. Do you have a playground in your school? Would you like to do the same thing for your school? （ ）6．When do the children clean the school playground? A．On Monday. B．On Tuesday. C．On Friday. D．On the weekend. （ ）7．What does the underlined word “divide” mean? A．分成 B．收集 C．打分 D．准备 （ ）8．What do the children do to improve (改善) the playground? ①Work in groups.     ②Clean water bottles. ③Take the rubbish bags.    ④Ask classmates to clean the playground. A．①②④ B．①②③ C．②③④ D．①③④ （ ）9．What is the best title for the text? A．A Playground Clean-up B．Special School Activities C．After-school Sports D．Help from Friends （ ）10．Why does Jenny write the text? A．She’d like to make more friends. B．She wants students to play happily. C．She wishes more students to do housework. D．She hopes students can keep the playground clean. 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 8 Developing the Topic (拓展板块) 主题内容 学习目标 主题范畴: 人与自然→世界不同地区的生态特征与自然景观；热爱与敬畏自然，与自然和谐共生 主题内容： 围绕话题Our Blue Planet展开，Oral communication部分采取“以听促说”的形式，引导学生拓展单元“水资源保护”的话题，开展口头语言交际活动。Reading for Writing部分培养学生的书面表达能力。学生通过阅读范文，获取有关节约用水的相关知识；借助主旨与细节图梳理语篇要点和关键信息，学习范文语言；通过自主绘制节水的主旨与细节图表及所提供的写作模板，完成写作任务。 1. 语言知识&技能: （1）运用所学听力策略获取关于世界水日的细节信息; （2）基于所获信息，提取、归纳制作世界水日宣传海报的关键信息； （3）基于写作目的、文体和要求，分析语篇结构，列出有关居家与户外节水方式的内容要点； （4）绘制主旨与细节图，谋篇布局，拟定框架，完成写作任务。 2. 文化意识&思维品质: （1）运用相关的语言表达，谈论更多实用且创新的节水措施，培养节约用水的良好习惯； （2）了解世界水日的相关知识以及海报制作的关键要素，激发创新更多实用的节水措施。 3. 学习策略: （1）利用所给的图片素材和语言提示，进行小组讨论并记录更多实用且创新的节水措施，并在班级进行汇报； （2）通过自评和互评，学会反思，改进初稿的结构、内容和语言。 ➽自主预习 请预习下列重点单词、短语和句型，并完成下面的表格。 词性 中文 英文 重点单词 名词 1. 机器，机械装置；计算机，电脑 machine 2. 建议；提议 suggestion 3. 信息 information 4. 洗澡；浴盆；澡堂 bath 动词 1. 介绍 introduce 2. 投；扔 throw 形容词 肮脏的；污秽的 dirty 副词 在(某距离)处;离开 away 兼词 1. v./n.搜索；搜查 search 2. adv.仍然 adj.静止的 still 重点短语 中文 英文 中文 英文 1. 寻找；搜索；搜查 search for 2. 从······开始 start with 3. 洗澡；泡澡 take a bath 4. 确定/必然做某事 be sure to do sth. 5. 列一个(···的)清单 make a list (of...) 6. 把···介绍给某人 introduce...to sb. 7. 几个;一些 a few 8. 小心；当心 be careful 重点句型 中文 英文 1. 向我们的老师和同学寻求建议。 Asking our teachers and classmates for suggestions. 2. 在网上搜索信息。 Searching for information online. 3. 向同学们介绍海报。 Introducing the poster to the class. 4. 你可以从小事做起，在家里节约用水。 You can start with little things to save water at home. 5.···不要用洗衣机只洗几件脏衣服；要淋浴，不要泡澡。 ...don't use the washing machine for just a few dirty clothes; and take a shower, not a bath. 6. 瓶里面还有饮用水时，不要把它们扔掉。 Don't throw away drinking water bottles when there is still water in them. 7. 你一定会找到许多节约用水的方法。 And you are sure to find many ways to save water. 小试牛刀：根据语境及提示完成句子。 1. A washing machine helps us clean clothes quickly. 2. We can find information about different ways of saving water online. 3. I search my house for my phone, but I can’t find it. (寻找) 4. Can you throw the ball to me, Jack? 5. Taking a short shower instead of a bath saves a lot of water. (洗澡) ➽问题探究 知识点1 Asking our teachers and classmates for suggestions. 向我们的老师和同学寻求建议。（教材P30） 1) ask sb. for sth. 意为“向某人要某物/寻求某物”。 E.g. Don't always ask your parents for money. 不要总是向你父母要钱。 Why don't you ask him for his advice? 你为什么不征询他的意见？ 拓展: ask的相关短语 ask (sb.) about sth. (向某人)询问某事 ask sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助 ask sb. to do sth. 要求/请求某人去做某事 (否定结构: ask sb. not to do sth. 要求/请求某人不要做某事) 注意：与此用法相同的动词还有tell、want、decide、promise等。 E.g. He often asks me about my family. 他经常向我询问我家人的情况。 You can ask the police for help. 你可以向警察寻求帮助。 My mother asks me to drink milk everyday. 我妈妈要求我每天喝牛奶。 My big brother asks me not to spend too much money on juice. 我哥哥要求我不要花太多的钱买果汁。 2) suggestion 可数名词，意为“提议；建议”。常与介词for、about或 on连用。 常用短语: offer/make a suggestion 提建议 E.g. —Can I make a suggestion? 我提个建议好吗？ —OK. 好的。 The article offers suggestions for ways of raising money. 这篇文章就筹钱的方法提出了建议。 Here are some suggestions on how to keep healthy. 以下是关于怎样保持健康的一些建议。 拓展: ① suggest 是 suggestion 的动词形式，意为“建议”。 常用结构: suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 suggest+(that)从句 建议······ E.g. She often suggests doing exercise in the morning. 她经常建议早上做运动。 They usually suggest that we should drink a cup of milk every day. 他们通常建议我们应该每天喝一杯牛奶。 ② advice 意为“建议”，是不可数名词。表示几条建议时需要借助单词piece。 E.g. a piece of good advice 一条好的建议 three pieces of advice 三条建议 【题型精讲】 1．—Tommy is planning to buy a car. And he has saved enough for ________ used one. —I know. He has asked for ________ from one of bi s friends working in Audi 4S store. A．a; lots of advices B．an; lots of advices C．an; lots of advice D．a; lots of advice 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——汤米正打算买一辆汽车。他存了足够的钱买辆二手车。——我知道。他向一位在奥迪4S店工作的朋友请教了很多建议。 考查不定冠词辨析与名词的数。根据“used”可知，此处为辅音音素开头的单词，前应用不定冠词a；advice“建议”，不可数名词。故选D。 2．You can ask ________ for help. A．I B．we C．us D．his 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你可以向我们寻求帮助。 考查代词。I我，主格；we我们，主格；us我们，宾格；his他的。ask是动词，后接宾语，应用宾格，故选C。 知识点2 Searching for information online. 在网上搜索信息。（教材P30） 1) search v. 意为“搜索；搜查”。 search for 意为“寻找；搜索；搜查”。 E.g. She searches everywhere for her keys. 她到处找她的钥匙。 拓展: search的相关短语 search sp./sb. 搜查某地/某人 search (...) for sb./sth. 在(···中)搜索某人或某物 E.g. The police are searching the forest for the missing child. 警察正在搜索这片森林寻找失踪的孩子。 Let's search the website for the ticket. 让我们在网上搜索门票信息吧。 拓展: search n. 意为“搜索；搜查；查找”。in search of... 意为“寻找/搜寻......”，可与look for 互换。 E.g. The search for the cure goes on. 人们还在继续探寻治疗方案。 She plans to go to the kitchen in search of some water to drink. 她打算去厨房寻找一些水喝。 2) information 不可数名词，意为“信息；消息”。不能用many、a few、few等修饰，但可以被some、much、a lot of、lots of、alittle、little 等词或短语修饰。 E.g. We can get much information online. 在网上我们可以获得大量信息。 注意: 表示“一/几则信息”用“基数词+piece(s)+ of information" E.g. Here is a piece of information from Beijing. 以下是来自北京的一则信息。 【题型精讲】 1. Miss Li advised us to search for some ________ on the Internet about wild animals to finish our report. A．instructions B．introduction C．information D．communication 【答案】C 【详解】句意：李女士建议我们在网上搜索一些关于野生动物的信息来完成我们的报告。 考查名词辨析。instructions说明书；introduction介绍；information信息，消息；communication通信。根据语境可知，要完成报告，需要在网上搜索一些信息，information“信息，消息”符合语境。故选C。 2．—How can I learn more about Liubao tea? —You can search for some ______ on the Internet. A．message B．information C．suggestion 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我怎样才能更多地了解六宝茶？——你可以在互联网上搜索一些信息。 考查名词辨析。message信息；information信息；suggestion建议。some后加可数名词复数或不可数名词，选项AC是可数名词，应用复数形式，information符合。故选B。 知识点3 Introduce the poster to the class. 向同学们介绍海报。（教材P30） introduce v. 意为“介绍”。introduce sb./sth. to sb. 意为“把某人/物介绍给某人”。 E.g. Let me introduce myself to you. 让我向大家介绍一下自己。 拓展: introduce 的名词形式是 introduction, 可数名词，意为“介绍；序言；引言”。 E.g This is the introduction of the book. 这是这本书的介绍。 【题型精讲】 —Who is your best friend, Lucy? —Alice. She is kind and friendly. Let me introduce (介绍) ________ to you. A．she B．her C．he 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——谁是你最好的朋友，露西？  ——爱丽丝。她是善良和友好的。让我把她介绍给你吧。 考查代词辨析。she“她”，人称代词主格；her“她”，人称代词宾格；he“他”，人称代词主格。根据“She is kind and friendly.”可知，她很善良和友好，所以此处是指把她介绍给你，应用人称代词宾格her作动词“introduce”的宾语。故选B。 知识点4 You can start with little things to save water at home. 你可以从小事做起，在家里节约用水。（教材P31） 1) start v. 意为“开始”，后跟名词、代词、动词不定式或动词-ing形式；可与begin互换。 E.g. —When do you start your new job? 你什么时候开始新工作？ —This Wednesday. 这周三。 2) start/begin with... 意为“以.......开始”。 E.g. When we learn English, we always start with ABC. 当我们学英语时，总是从ABC开始学。 归纳: start构成的其他短语 start sth. 开始某事 start doing/to do sth. 开始做某事 E.g. I start work at nine every day. 我每天9点开始工作。 We should start protecting/to protect animals from now on. 我们应该从现在开始保护动物。 【题型精讲】 1. Let’s begin. A．start B．finish C．spend D．paint 【答案】A 【详解】句意：让我们开始。 考查动词辨析。start开始；finish完成；spend花费；paint粉刷。根据“Let’s begin.”可知，与划线词begin“开始”为同义词的是选项A。故选A。 2. Everyone _________here now. Let’s ________. A．are, begin B．are, to begin C．is, start D．is, to start 【答案】C 【详解】句意：每个人现在都在这里。让我们开始。 考查主谓一致和非谓语动词。“everyone”表示单数，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式“is”，第二句中“Let’s”后接动词原形，所以选择“start”。故选C。 知识点5 ...don't use the washing machine for just a few dirty clothes; and take a shower, not a bath. ······不要用洗衣机只洗几件脏衣服；要淋浴，不要泡澡。（教材P31） bath n. 意为“洗澡；澡盆；澡堂”。take/have a bath 意为“洗澡；泡澡”。 E.g. I'm in a bath. 我在泡澡。 Before going to bed, I want to have a bath. 在睡觉前，我想洗个澡。 拓展: bath v. 意为“给······洗澡”。 E.g. It's your turn to bath the baby. 轮到你给婴儿洗澡了。 辨析: take a shower 和 take a bath 短语 区别 take a shower 指使用淋浴头或花洒进行冲洗，水流直接喷洒在身体上, 达到清洁的目的。 take a bath 通常指的是在浴缸或浴盆中泡澡，可以是全身浸泡在水中进行洗浴。 【题型精讲】 Be sure to keep the bathroom floor dry after you have a _________ or bath. A．test B．speech C．shower D．rest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：淋浴或泡澡后，一定要保持浴室地面干燥。 考查名词辨析。test测试；speech演讲；shower淋浴；rest休息。根据“Be sure to keep the bathroom floor dry after you have a...or bath”可知，是淋浴后要保持浴室地面的干燥，且空格处与bath意思应相近。故选C。 知识点6 Don't throw away drinking water bottles when there is still water in them. 瓶里面还有饮用水时，不要把它们扔掉。（教材P31） 1) throw v. 意为“投；扔；掷”。 throw away 意为“扔掉；丢弃”。 E.g. Don't throw the old clothes away. 不要把你的旧衣服扔掉。 拓展: throw 的相关短语 throw sb. sth.= throw sth. to sb. 把某物扔给某人 throw...to... 把··扔给···（无感情色彩） throw...at... 把··扔给···（有攻击色彩） E.g. Please throw me the jacket. = Please throw the jacket to me. 请把那件夹克衫扔给我。 They throw snowballs at each other. 他们朝彼此扔雪球。 2) away adv. 意为“在（某距离）处；离开”。 E.g. My school is far away from my home. 我的学校离我家很远。 Please care for my cat when I'm away. 我不在的时候，请帮我照看一下我的猫。 拓展: away的相关短语 take away拿走 put away将···收起 run away 逃跑 keep away from 远离 go away 走开 far away from离···远 far away 远离的 3) still adv. 意为“仍然；还是；依旧”，多用于肯定句或疑问句中，表示某事仍在继续。 其常位于实义动词之前，助动词、情态动词或 be动词之后。 E.g. She is more than 60, but she still looks young. 她60多岁了，但看起来仍然年轻。 It is cold outside. Still, we have a good time. 外面很冷，不过我们仍然玩得很开心。 I'm still kind of thirsty. 我还是有点渴。 【题型精讲】 1．Look! Some kids ________ snow ________ each other. A．throw; at B．threw; to C．are throwing; at D．are throwing; for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：看！一些孩子正在向彼此扔雪。 考查现在进行时及动词短语辨析。at在；to朝着；for为了。“Look!”表明动作正在进行，要用现在进行时，结构为be doing；“向…… 扔……”是throw sth. at sb.。所以第一空填are throwing，第二空填at。故选C。 2．________ throw rubbish into the river! A．Not B．Don’t C．Doesn’t D．No 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不要把垃圾扔到河里！ 考查祈使句。根据句子结构可知，此处是一个祈使句的否定形式：don’t+动词原形。故选B。 知识点7 And you are sure to find many waysto save water. 你一定会找到许多节约用水的方法。（教材P31） be sure to do sth. 意为“一定会做某事；肯定会做某事”。此时sure是形容词，意为“肯定的；确信的；有把握的”。 E.g. He is sure to come. 他一定会来的。 拓展: sure构成的其他短语或句型结构 be sure of/about (doing) sth. 对（做）某事有把握 make sure+(that)从句 务必；确保··· be sure+(that)从句 确信··· make/be sure to do sth. 一定做某事 E.g. I can do it. I'm sure of it. 我能办到的，对此我很有把握。 I'm sure that tomorrow will be better. 我确信明天会更好。 Make sure you turn off the lights before you leave the house. 在你离开房子之前确保把灯关掉。 链接: sure还可作副词，意为“当然；确实；无疑地”，可用于表示对事情的认可、赞同，用以回答对方提出的请求等，相当于of course 或 certainly。 E.g —Can I ask you some questions? 我可以问你一些问题吗？ —Sure. 当然。 【题型精讲】 _______ bring your notebook here tomorrow. A．Be sure about B．Be sure to C．Make sure D．Be sure of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：明天一定要把笔记本带来。考查形容词短语辨析题。be sure about和be sure of后接名词或动名词，不可直接接动词，可排除。make sure把事情弄清楚，后接从句，可排除。be sure to do务必做某事，根据句意和语境，可知选B。 写作点拨 主旨和细节是相互依存、相辅相成的关系。主旨是文章的核心和灵魂，为细节的选择和描述提供了框架和指导，避免文章内容的混乱和无序。而细节则是对主旨的具体支撑和充实。丰富、生动、准确的细节能够使主旨更加清晰、深刻和有说服力。下面让我们结合教材第31页以读促写部分的范文来谈谈如何在说明文写作中运用主旨大意和细节。 标题 → 《节约每一滴水》点明本文主旨大意是关于如何节约用水。 开头 → 开头部分用一两个句子说明地球上没有足够的水资源，然后引出主题句：我们需要节约用水。 可用句型： We all need water but... So, we need... 我们都需要水，但是······。所以我们需要······。 We can't live without water, so we should/must/have to... 没有水我们不能生存，因此我们应该/必须······。 Water is important/useful/valuable for us, so we should/must... 水对我们来说是重要的/有用的/珍贵的，所以我们应该/必须······。 主体 →列举节约用水的具体措施： 1. 刷牙时关闭水龙头； 2. 脏衣服少时不要用洗衣机洗； 3. 洗澡用淋浴不要泡澡； 4. 下雨时收集雨水； 5. 不要扔掉还没喝完的矿泉水瓶。 可用句型： You can... 你可以······。 For example, do/don't... 比如，应该/不应该······。 First, you should.... Second, you can....Finally, you must... 首先，你应当······；其次，你可以······；最后，你必须······。 结尾 → 结尾部分再次提醒人们要注意节约用水，相信人们可以找到许多节约用水的方法。 可用句型： Always do... and you are sure to do... 总是要······，那么你一定会······。 Save every drop of water and we can make a difference. 节约每一滴水，我们会有所作为。 【题型精讲】 书面表达。 本期班会主题是“如何节约用水”，你将代表你们小组发言。请根据图片信息提示，以“How to Save Water”为题，写一份英语发言稿。 写作要求： 1. 文中需包含所提示要点，可适当发挥使行文连贯； 2. 语意通顺，条理清晰，书写规范； 3. 文中不得出现真实人名和校名等相关信息： 4. 词数70左右。 How to Save Water ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 作文分析思路： 明确主题：围绕“如何节约用水”展开，紧扣主题。 结构：文章可分为开头、主体和结尾三部分。 开头：引入主题，说明水的重要性，并提出问题“如何节约用水”。 主体：列举具体的节水方法，使用“First, Second, Third, Finally”等连接词，使文章条理清晰。 结尾：总结全文，呼吁大家养成节水习惯。 短语：in our everyday life在我们的日常生活中 save water节约用水 keep the water running让水一直流 turn off the tap关掉水龙头 throw away扔掉 every drop of water is valuable每一滴水都很宝贵 collect rainwater收集雨水 develop the good habit养成好习惯 句型： Water is important in our everyday life.水在我们的日常生活中很重要。（用于开头，点明主题。） But how can we save water? 但我们如何节约用水呢？（用于提出问题，引出下文。） Here are some tips. 以下是一些建议。（用于过渡到具体方法。） First, don’t keep the water running when washing your hands. 首先，洗手时不要让水一直流。（用于列举具体做法，使用“First”使文章有条理） Remember that every drop of water is valuable. 记住，每一滴水都很宝贵。（用于强调节水的重要性。） In short, we need to develop the good habit of saving water. 总之，我们需要养成节约用水的好习惯。（用于总结全文，提出呼吁） 范文： How to Save Water Water is important in our everyday life, so we need to save it. But how can we save water? Here are some tips. First, don’t keep the water running when washing your hands, because it wastes a lot of water. Second, we should always turn off the tap after using it to save water. Third, don’t throw away drinking water bottles when there is still water in them. Remember that every drop of water is valuable. Finally, we can collect rainwater for later use, such as watering flowers and grass. This helps save clean water for more important needs. In short, we need to develop the good habit of saving water. Let’s work together to protect our water resources and make the world a better place! ➽思维导图 ➽基础过关 一、单词拼写 1．Fold your clothes, Tom! Don’t (throw) them everywhere. 【答案】throw 【详解】句意：叠好衣服，汤姆！不要到处乱扔。此句是否定祈使句，don’t后接动词原形。 故填throw。 2．You can search some information on your computer. 【答案】for 【详解】句意：你可以在电脑上搜索一些信息。search for意为“搜索”，故填for。 3．My English teacher gave me some (suggest) about how to learn English well. 【答案】suggestions 【详解】句意：我的英语老师给了一些如何学好英语的建议。根据句意可知，此处用名词， suggest的名词suggestion“建议”，可数名词；some后加可数名词复数。故填suggestions。 4．She (take) a shower after breakfast. 【答案】takes 【详解】句意：她早餐后洗澡。根据语境可知，此处描述习惯性的动作，时态用一般现在时，主语是She，动词用第三人称单数形式。故填takes。 5．We can get a lot of (information) on the Internet. 【答案】information 【详解】句意：我们可以在互联网上获得很多信息。information“信息”，不可数名词。故填 information。 二、完成句子 1．我经常使用我的手机搜索有用的信息。 I often use my mobile phone to search for _________ __________. 【答案】useful information 【详解】有用的信息useful information，information不可数。故填useful information。 2．You must be careful when you cross the street.(改为祈使句) when you cross the street. 【答案】 Be careful 【详解】句意：过马路时要小心。本句告诫对方必须做某事，用祈使句表明给对方的指示时， 可省略主语，直接用动词原形开头。故填Be；careful。 3．special, is, a, way, week, start, it, to, the (连词成句) . 【答案】It is a special way to start the week 【详解】根据标点和所给单词可知，该句是it的相关句型，结构为“it is a/an +adj.+n.+ to do sth.”。分析所给单词，it作形式主语放在句首，首字母大写；a special way表示“一个特殊的 方法”；不定式“to start”作真正的主语；start the week表示“开始一周”。故填It is a special way to start the week“这是开始一周的一种特别方式”。 4．Tom usually takes a shower at 5:30. (改为一般疑问句) Tom usually a shower at 5:30? 【答案】 Does take 【详解】句意：汤姆通常在5:30洗澡。根据题干可知，此句是一般现在时，主语是第三人 称单数，改为一般疑问句时，句首加助动词does；谓语动词take用原形。故填Does；take。 5．首先让我向大家作一下自我介绍吧。 First, let me introduce to you. 【答案】myself 【详解】introduce myself“自我介绍”，故填myself。 三、单项选择 （ ）1．I don’t know where to spend our winter holiday. Mr. Lee suggested ________ Sanya. A．to visit B．visited C．visiting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我不知道去哪里度寒假。李先生建议去三亚。 考查非谓语动词。根据空前“suggested”可知，此处考查suggest doing sth.“建议做某事”，因此这里应用动名词visiting。故选C。 （ ）2．I suggested ________ the foreign students how to use chopsticks. A．teach B．to teach C．teaching D．taught 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我建议教外国学生如何使用筷子。 考查非谓语动词。suggest doing sth“建议做某事”，所以空处用动词ing形式，故选C。 （ ）3．He introduced ________ to ________ friends. A．I; his B．me; his C．he; his D．she; his 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他把我介绍给他的朋友。 考查代词辨析。I我，主格；his他的，形容词性或名词性物主代词；me我，宾格；he他，主格；she她，主格。第一空：introduced是动词，后面跟代词宾格形式；第二空主语是He，此处指他的朋友，用形容词性物主代词his。故选B。 （ ）4．—If you don’t know how to start your project, you may ask Mr. Li for help. —Okay, thank you for your advice. A．suggestion B．chance C．design 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——如果你不知道如何开始你的项目，你可以向李先生寻求帮助。——好的，谢谢你的建议。 考查名词辨析。suggestion建议；chance机会；design设计。advice“建议”，与A项同义。故选A。 （ ）5．—Hello! May I speak to Tom? —Oh, please wait a minute. He ________ a bath. A．take B．takes C．is taking D．will take 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你好！我可以和汤姆说话吗？——哦，请稍等。他正在洗澡。 考查时态。根据“Hello! May I speak to Tom?”和“Oh, please wait a minute.”可知，这里指对方打电话时他正在洗澡，应用现在进行时“am/is/are+动词现在分词”，主语为He，be动词用is，故选C。 （ ）6．The Blacks throw away as ________ plastic bottles as the Browns. A．many B．much C．more D．most 【答案】A 【详解】句意：布莱克家扔掉的塑料瓶和布朗家一样多。 考查形容词原级及辨析。many许多的，接可数名词复数；much许多的，接不可数名词；more更多的，比较级；most最多的，最高级。as ... as结构中要用形容词原级，且plastic bottles为复数形式，所以应用many。故选A。 （ ）7．—________ you like to go shopping with me? —Sure, I’d love to. A．Would B．Should C．Could D．Might 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你愿意和我一起去购物吗？——当然，我很乐意。 考查动词辨析。Would愿意；Should应该；Could可以；Might也许。根据“Sure, I’d love to”可知，此处应用Would you like to do sth. “你愿意做某事吗？”。故选A。 （ ）8．People throw away ________ rubbish every day. A．a lot of B．many C．a few. D．few 【答案】A 【详解】句意：人们每天扔很多垃圾。 考查形容词辨析。a lot of许多（修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词）；many许多（修饰可数名 词）；a few一些（修饰可数名词复数）；few乎没有（修饰可数名词）。rubbish是不可数名词， 用a lot of修饰。故选A。 （ ）9．—How can I get much ________ about the earth? —You can go online and search for it. A．way B．idea C．job D．information 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我怎样才能得到很多关于地球的信息？——你可以上网搜索。 考查名词辨析。way方法；idea主意；job工作；information信息。根据“You can go online and search for it.”可知上网搜索关于地球的信息。故选D。 （ ）10．The teacher asks us ________ in the classroom between classes. A．don’t shout B．not shout C．not shouting D．not to shout 【答案】D 【详解】句意：老师要求我们课间不要在教室里大声喧哗。 考查非谓语动词。ask sb. not to do sth.意为“让某人不要做某事”，故选D。 ➽能力提升 1、 完形填空。先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 In ancient (古代的) China, there was a clever boy. His name was Sima Guang. One day he played hide and seek (捉迷藏) 1 other children near a vat (缸). A 7-year-old boy wanted 2 in the big vat. But he didn’t see there was much 3 in the vat, he fell into the water and 4 for help. Seeing that, other 5 were so afraid that cried for help. But Sima Guang wasn’t afraid at all. He looked around and found a big stone (石头), then he picked it up and broke (砸破) the vat. 6 , the water came out from the 7 and the boy was saved in time. Most people thought that boy would lose his 8 . In the end, Sima Guang saved the boy. Sima Guang thought the real danger of the child was not the vat, 9 the water in it. Many people like this story. It tells us when we are in danger, we can try to find 10 ways to solve (解决) them. （ ）1．A．in B．on C．at D．with （ ）2．A．hid B．hiding C．to hide D．hide （ ）3．A．beach B．water C．drink D．sea （ ）4．A．worried B．heard C．shouted D．listened （ ）5．A．man B．person C．woman D．children （ ）6．A．Quick B．Friendly C．Luckily D．Usually （ ）7．A．bowl B．glass C．cup D．vat （ ）8．A．face B．life C．legs D．eyes （ ）9．A．so B．because C．but D．and （ ）10．A．different B．dirty C．dark D．difficult 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了司马光砸缸的故事。这个故事告诉我们遇到危险时，我们可以尝试找到不同的方法来解决它们 1．句意：一天，他和其他孩子在一个大缸附近玩捉迷藏。 in在……里；on在……上面；at在；with用。with sb“和某人一起”，故选D。 2．句意：一个七岁的男孩想要藏在大缸里。 hid躲藏，是过去式；hiding躲藏，是现在分词；to hide躲藏，是动词不定式；hide躲藏，是动词原形。want to do sth“想要做某事”，故选C。 3．句意：但是他没有看见缸里有很多水，他掉进水里，大喊救命。 beach海滩；water水；drink饮料；sea海。根据“he fell into the water”可知，缸里有很多水，故选B。 4．句意：但是他没有看见缸里有很多水，他掉进水里，大声呼救。 worried担心的；heard听见；shouted大喊；listened听。根据“he fell into the water”可知，他掉进水里，因此他大声呼救，故选C。 5．句意：看见这个，其他的孩子非常害怕，大声呼救。 man男人；person人；woman妇女；children孩子们。根据“One day he played hide and seek (捉迷藏)...other children near a vat (缸).”可知，此处表示玩捉迷藏的其他孩子，故选D。 6．句意：幸运的是，水从缸里流出来了，男孩及时获救。 Quick迅速的；Friendly友好的；Luckily幸运地；Usually经常。根据“the boy was saved in time.”可知，这个男孩被及时挽救，因此这是幸运的事，故选C。 7．句意：幸运的是，水从缸里流出来了，男孩及时获救。 bowl碗；glass玻璃；cup杯子；vat缸。根据“He looked around and found a big stone (石头), then he picked it up and broke (砸破) the vat.”可知，他把缸砸破了，因此水从缸里流出来，故选D。 8．句意：大多数人认为这个男孩会丧命。 face脸；life生命；legs腿；eyes眼睛。根据前文，这个男孩掉进水缸里，因此认为他会丧命。lose one’s life“丧命”，故选B。 9．句意：司马光认为这个男孩真正的危险不是大缸，而且里面的水。 so所以；because因为；but但是；and而且。not...but...“不是……，而是……”，故选C。 10．句意：它告诉我们，当我们处于危险之中，我们可以尝试找到不同的方法来解决它们。 different不同的；dirty脏的；dark黑暗的；difficult困难的。根据“It tells us when we are in danger”可知，遇到危险时，应找不同的方法来解决它们，故选A。 二、阅读理解 A On March 22nd, many schools celebrate World Water Day. Students learn why water is important. Only 1% of the Earth’s water is safe to drink. Teachers show videos about dry places where people walk far to get water. They teach easy ways to save water: ● Turn off taps when brushing teeth (This saves 8 liters a day!). ● Fix broken pipes quickly. Students make posters with words like “Save Water!” and draw pictures of reusing washing water for plants. They also play a game to guess how much water daily activities use. For example, a 10-minute shower uses 100 liters! The winner gets a special water bottle. Now, students always check taps at home. （ ）1．How much water can we drink on Earth? A．1%. B．10%. C．25%. D．50%. （ ）2．How to save 8 liters of water daily? A．Take short showers. B．Fix pipes. C．Turn off taps when brushing. D．Reuse water. （ ）3．What is the prize in the game? A．A book. B．A poster. C．A water bottle. D．A toy. （ ）4．What do students do after the activity? A．Take long baths. B．Check taps at home. C．Buy more bottles. D．Dig wells. （ ）5．What is the text mainly about? A．A school water-saving activity. B．How to drink water. C．Fun games for children. D．Life in dry places. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了在世界水日庆祝活动中，学校通过各种教育方式提高学生对水资源重要性的认识，以及如何节约用水。 1．细节理解题。根据“Only 1% of the Earth’s water is safe to drink.”可知地球上只有1%的水是可以饮用的，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Turn off taps when brushing teeth (This saves 8 liters a day!)”可知刷牙时关掉水龙头，可以每天节省8升水，故选C。 3． 细节理解题。根据“The winner gets a special water bottle.”可知游戏的奖品是一只特别的水瓶，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Now, students always check taps at home.”可知活动之后学生们回家会检查水龙头，故选B。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一个学校的节水活动。故选A。 B I’m Jenny from Grade Seven. Our school finishes at 3 o’clock every afternoon. Every Friday after school, my friends Kate, Lucy, Annie and I have something to do. We do some cleaning on the school playground for two hours. We usually take some rubbish (垃圾) bags with us. “How can we four clean the big playground?” Lucy asks. I share my idea, “How about working in groups (组)?” So we divide us into two groups. Annie and Kate are in one group and Lucy and I are in the other group. Annie and Kate start from the west end (西端), and Lucy and I start from the east end. Two hours later, we meet in the middle of the playground. Every week students from different classes come together with us to clean the playground. Lots of students play on the playground every day. And some of them may fall over all kinds of rubbish, like banana skins (外皮) or water bottles. We clean the playground every Friday and it’s closed on the weekend. Then every Monday the nice and clean playground is there for us to use. Everyone can play on it happily. We’re very happy for our work. Do you have a playground in your school? Would you like to do the same thing for your school? （ ）6．When do the children clean the school playground? A．On Monday. B．On Tuesday. C．On Friday. D．On the weekend. （ ）7．What does the underlined word “divide” mean? A．分成 B．收集 C．打分 D．准备 （ ）8．What do the children do to improve (改善) the playground? ①Work in groups.     ②Clean water bottles. ③Take the rubbish bags.    ④Ask classmates to clean the playground. A．①②④ B．①②③ C．②③④ D．①③④ （ ）9．What is the best title for the text? A．A Playground Clean-up B．Special School Activities C．After-school Sports D．Help from Friends （ ）10．Why does Jenny write the text? A．She’d like to make more friends. B．She wants students to play happily. C．She wishes more students to do housework. D．She hopes students can keep the playground clean. 【答案】6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了珍妮和她的朋友们每周五放学后打扫学校操场的事。 6．细节理解题。根据第一段“Every Friday after school, my friends Kate, Lucy, Annie and I have something to do. We do some cleaning on the school playground for two hours.”可知，孩子们在周五打扫学校操场。故选C。 7．词义猜测题。根据第三段“I share my idea, ‘How about working in groups (组)?’”可知，珍妮建议分组工作；结合第四段“So we divide us into two groups.”可推知，此处应表示珍妮她们分成了两个小组。由此猜测，divide意为“分成”。故选A。 8．细节理解题。根据第一段“We usually take some rubbish (垃圾) bags with us.”，第四段“So we divide us into two groups. Annie and Kate are in one group and Lucy and I are in the other group. Annie and Kate start from the west end (西端), and Lucy and I start from the east end.”以及第六段“And some of them may fall over all kinds of rubbish, like banana skins (外皮) or water bottles. We clean the playground every Friday...”可知，孩子们通过分组工作、清理水瓶以及带着垃圾袋来改善操场。故选B。 9．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了珍妮和她的朋友们每周五放学后打扫学校操场的事。因此，选项A“操场大扫除”是最佳标题。故选A。 10．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了珍妮和她的朋友们每周五放学后打扫学校操场的事，其目的是希望学生们能保持操场干净整洁。故选D。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$