专题05 说明文阅读15篇（名校模拟+地区真题）-冲刺2025年中考英语必考题型终极预测（江苏专用）

冲刺2025年中考英语必考题型终极预测（江苏专用） 专题04 说明文阅读15篇（名校模拟+地区真题） （24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·期末）①How much time do you spend looking at your smartphone, tablet or computer every day? These electronic devices (设备) help us in many ways, but they may also cause health problems. They have advantages as well as disadvantages. ②Getting information easily is one of the biggest advantages of the Internet. Almost any kind of information on any topic under the sun can be found on the Internet. Search engines can help us find almost any type of information on almost any kind of subject. Meanwhile, much service is now provided on the Internet such as online banking, job seeking, tickets selling and hotel booking. ③However, too much screen time can cause your eyes tired, which leaves your eyes feeling dry and sore and is also bad for your eyesight. To help your eyes stay healthy, follow the “20-20-20” rule: Every 20 minutes, look at something 20 meters away for 20 seconds. ④Your eyes aren’t the only parts of your body that could become worse from using electronic devices. People who write a lot of text messages can develop an injury. The repeated movement of typing can lead to the loss of grip strength (握力受损). To avoid this, do this exercise: Put a rubber band around the top of your five fingers and open your hand. Repeat this a few times. ⑤Another serious danger is that it may cause several mind problems. One of the biggest problems is the Internet addiction (瘾). Many people turn to the Internet or computer games to keep themselves away from the feelings of stress, sadness and loneliness. Slowly, they might start to depend on the Internet and feel worried if they’re not connected. To stop yourself from falling into this kind of trap, limit the amount of time you spend online. 1．The first 20 of the “20-20-20” rule in the passage suggests ______. A．how long the break lasts B．how often you have the break C．how many times you take a break D．how far you look at things from you 2．Which picture best shows rubber band exercise? A． B． C． D． 3．The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 5 refers to ______. A．several serious mind problems B．people who have the Internet addiction C．the Internet and computer games D．feelings of stress, sadness and loneliness 4．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．It’s easy to search for information on the Internet. B．To protect eye health, you should follow the “20-20-20” rule. C．Using electronic devices causes many problems in our body. D．Watching videos too much will lead to the loss of grip strength. 5．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲了电子设备在很多方面对我们有帮助，但它们也可能导致健康问题，并针对这些问题提出了相应的健康建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段“To help your eyes stay healthy, follow the ‘20-20-20’ rule: Every 20 minutes, look at something 20 meters away for 20 seconds.”可知，第一个20指让眼睛休息的频率。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“To avoid this, do this exercise: Put a rubber band around the top of your five fingers and open your hand. Repeat this a few times.”可知，为了避免这种情况，做这个活动：在你的五个指尖上套一个橡皮圈，然后张开你的手来拉伸橡皮筋，所以选项C正是文中描述的橡皮筋锻炼方法。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据第五段“One of the biggest problems is the Internet addiction. Many people turn to the Internet or computer games to keep themselves away from the feelings of stress, sadness and loneliness. Slowly, they might start to depend on the Internet and feel worried if they’re not connected.”可知，这里they指的是有网瘾的人。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段“People who write a lot of text messages can develop an injury. The repeated movement of typing can lead to the loss of grip strength.”可知，打字的重复动作会导致握力丧失，而不是看视频太多。故选D。 5．篇章结构题。结合全文可知，第一段是总写，第二段写优点，第三、第四和第五段写缺点。所以选项D符合这个结构。故选D。 （24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·期末）We’ve all heard about the man who discovered gravity (重力) and the apple that fell from a tree and hit him on the head. However, the 17th-century “aha moment” is actually a bit of a lie! Newton did witness an apple falling from a tree one day and this got him thinking about what actually caused the apple to fall to the ground. Newton later developed his theory of Gravity, believing that Earth has a force (力) that pulls objects down, which prevents objects from aimlessly floating around. While we know that Isaac Newton discovered Gravity, he also made many other scientific discoveries. Newton is also credited with discovering the three laws of motion. These three laws, or principles, explain how things move. Law 1: An object at rest stays at rest. A moving object keeps moving. Objects continue doing what they’re doing unless a stronger force acts on them. Here, the stronger force is the wall. It stops the truck but not the boxes, so they keep moving backward. Law 2: It takes more force to move a heavy object than to move a lighter object. Newton came up with a scientific formula to explain this: Force = Mass x Acceleration. Large weights with a lot of mass require more force to lift than smaller, lighter weights do. Law 3: For every force, there is an equal reaction in the opposite direction. Air from an untied balloon rushes out in one direction. As the air escapes, it pushes the balloon in the opposite direction. 1．Which part of a magazine is the reading material most probably taken from? A．History. B．Sports. C．Culture. D．Science. 2．The drawing for Law 1 shows that ________. A．the boxes get a stronger force than the truck B．the truck stays at rest, but the boxes do not C．the wall acts on the truck but not on the boxes D．the truck keeps moving, but the wall stays at rest 3．Which picture best shows Law 3? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 【导语】本文是说明文，文章介绍了牛顿运动的三条定律。 1．推理判断题。文章主要讲述牛顿发现万有引力以及他的运动三大定律等内容，主要是关于科学发现和科学定律，所以最有可能来自“Science”板块，故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“Law 1: An object at rest stays at rest. A moving object keeps moving. Objects continue doing what they’re doing unless a stronger force acts on them. Here, the stronger force is the wall. It stops the truck but not the boxes, so they keep moving backward.”及图示可知，静止的物体保持静止，而移动的物体则持续移动，除非有更强的力作用在其上。此处更大的力是墙，它阻止了卡车，但阻止不了箱子，所以它们继续向后移动。所以墙作用于卡车，但不作用于箱子。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“Law 3: For every force, there is an equal reaction in the opposite direction. Air from an untied balloon rushes out in one direction. As the air escapes, it pushes the balloon in the opposite direction.”及图示可知，对于每一个力，都会有一个方向相等的反作用力。在图片D中，当对球施加一个力时，球以相等的力量将冰面上这个人往后推。故选D。 （24-25九年级下·江苏南京·开学考试）Ridley Scott’s famous war film “Napoleon (拿破仑)” is a series of successful battles looking for a better movie to connect them. Once again, Scott’s craftsmanship (技艺) is on show here, but it’s in service of a deeply shallow screenplay A great actor is reduced to a ghostly presence in the middle of the movie, and his partner, the character who needs to give the film a beating heart, comes off as flat and hollow. One of the problems is that the film script tries to put a lot of life into the running time of a single film. Naturally, it opens during the French Revolution, as Napoleon climbs up the political ladder of France with his war talents above all else. Another part of the problem is that Kirby, the leading actress never really understands what to play with Josephine, a mysterious celebrity (名人) who becomes too much of a mirror for Napoleon. She couldn’t give Napoleon a son, which resulted in their break-up. Was Napoleon the kind of world leader whose own unsafety resulted in killings we have seen in history? That’s here in a few places, but Scott is uninterested in making any sort of statement about Napoleon or men like him. A very just-the-facts approach of “Napoleon” is incredibly disappointing for a filmmaker who usually finds so much depth in the stories he tells. Worst of all, by the time “Napoleon” gets to Waterloo, we don’t know much more about the main. character than we did when we came in. That’s a problem. Having said that, the wonderful war scenes in “Napoleon” may be enough to prove its existence for fans of historical war filmș. Whether its bloodied bodies breaking through ice or waves of soldiers rushing into battle, “Napoleon” has some fantastic battle scenes. Maybe the point is that Napoleon Bonaparte was only truly alive when surrounded by so much death. 1．How do you understand the underlined word “hollow” in Paragraph 1? A．Solid. B．Deep. C．Empty. D．Smooth. 2．What can we infer from Paragraph 2 to 4? A．The film successfully covers Napoleon’s whole life. B．Kirby has a good understanding of how to play Josephine. C．People couldn’t know Napoleon better through this film. D．There are some outstanding features of “Napoleon”. 3．What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A．The successful battle scenes in “Napoleon”. B．The achievements of Napoleon Bonaparte. C．The wars Napoleon Bonaparte fighting in. D．The reason for Napoleon Bonaparte’s aliveness. 4．What type of writing is this text? A．A news report. B．A film review. C．A historical document. D．A science fiction. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了雷德利·斯科特的著名战争电影《拿破仑》是一系列成功的战斗，寻找更好的电影来连接它们。 1．词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“A great actor is reduced to a ghostly presence in the middle of the movie, and his partner, the character who needs to give the film a beating heart, comes off as flat and hollow.”可知一个伟大的演员在电影中间变成了一个幽灵，而他的搭档，那个需要给电影注入一颗跳动的心脏的角色，表现得平淡而空洞。所以hollow的意思是“空洞的”，与C选项Empty“空的”意思相近。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“One of the problems is that the film script tries to put a lot of life into the running time of a single film.”及文章第四段“A very just-the-facts approach of “Napoleon” is incredibly disappointing for a filmmaker who usually finds so much depth in the stories he tells. Worst of all, by the time “Napoleon” gets to Waterloo, we don’t know much more about the main. character than we did when we came in. That’s a problem.”可知从第二段到第四段，我们了解到人们不可能通过这部电影更好地了解拿破仑。故选C。 3．段落大意题。根据文章最后一段，尤其是“Having said that, the wonderful war scenes in “Napoleon” may be enough to prove its existence for fans of historical war filmș.”可知，第五段主要谈论《拿破仑》中成功的战斗场面。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Ridley Scott’s famous war film “Napoleon (拿破仑)” is a series of successful battles looking for a better movie to connect them.”可知本文主要讲述了战争电影《拿破仑》。因此这篇文章是一篇影评。故选B。 （24-25九年级下·江苏南京·开学考试）Since Zhao Hongshan’s dermal filler injection (皮肤填充注射) four years ago—he has spent around 80,000 yuan on his face. “Getting plastic surgeries is just as normal as body building. Both make men more handsome and confident,” says the 33-year-old, who owns a gym in Beijing. Zhao is among a growing number of Chinese men using plastic surgeries to change their physical appearance to increase their self-confidence. In 2021, the market for beauty medicine in China was worth more than 495 billion yuan, with males accounting for around 15 percent of customers, according to a report by plastic surgery social networking app Gengmei. There is a rising trend of young men turning to plastic surgeries; most male customers are in their teens or 20s. “Some men just want to please themselves, while others hope to improve their possibility in job hunting or dating,” says Wang Jun, vice-president of marketing for Gengmei. “Men are under the same social pressures as women and their confidence and competitiveness would be more or less weakened by facial and body weaknesses.” However, experts point out the risks of plastic surgeries. Fan Jufeng, director of the Plastic Surgery Department at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, does not encourage people, no matter men or women, to “blindly” go under the knife. According to the National Health Commission, a total of 2,772 cases related to illegal (非法的) plastic surgeries were handled by China’s health departments during a year long attack that started in May 2017. Fan also warned the public of the negative influences of live streaming celebrities (流量明星) who promote the misunderstanding that being pretty goes above all else. “Whether to have plastic surgeries is a personal choice, but people should not be addicted (上瘾) to it,” Fan says. “Think twice on it. After all, a rich and beautiful inside world is far more important than a pretty face.” 1．How does the author introduce the topic of plastic surgeries? A．By giving an example. B．By providing data C．By raising a question. D．By making suggestions. 2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly focus on? A．The huge cost of men’s beauty market in China. B．The growing beauty market for the Chinese men. C．The rising trend of young men turning to plastic surgeries. D．The reason for the increasing popularity of plastic surgeries. 3．What do Wang Jun’s words show in Paragraph 3? A．The benefits of men’s plastic surgeries. B．The great social pressure for Chinese men. C．The reasons for men’s plastic surgeries. D．The misunderstanding of the short cut to success. 4．Why does Fan Jufeng advise thinking twice on plastic surgeries? A．They’re unsafe in health. B．They’re expensive in price. C．They’re wrong in beliefs. D．They’re useless in job hunting. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．Plastic Surgeries—Male vs Female B．Women’s Plastic Surgeries—Yes or No C．Plastic Surgeries—Price vs Result D．Plastic Surgeries—Blind or Not 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了越来越多的中国男性通过整形手术改变外貌以增强自信心，对此专家指出整形手术的风险，不鼓励人们盲目整容，并警告公众，不要迷恋整容，内在丰富美丽比漂亮的外表更重要。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Since Zhao Hongshan’s dermal filler injection (皮肤填充注射) four years ago—he has spent around 80,000 yuan on his face.”可知，文章通过例举赵洪山的例子来开篇的。故选A。 2．主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“In 2021, the market for beauty medicine in China was worth more than 495 billion yuan, with males accounting for around 15 percent of customers, according to a report by plastic surgery social networking app Gengmei.”可知，本段主要介绍了中国男性整容市场的增长。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Some men just want to please themselves, while others hope to improve their possibility in job hunting or dating,”以及“Men are under the same social pressures as women and their confidence and competitiveness would be more or less weakened by facial and body weaknesses.”可知，王军的话解释了男性做整形手术的原因。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Fan also warned the public of the negative influences of live streaming celebrities (流量明星) who promote the misunderstanding that being pretty goes above all else.”以及“Think twice on it. After all, a rich and beautiful inside world is far more important than a pretty face.”可知，范巨峰建议对整形手术要三思而后行是因为他们的信仰是错误的。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了越来越多的中国男性通过整形手术改变外貌以增强自信心，对此专家指出整形手术的风险，不鼓励人们盲目整容，并警告公众，不要迷恋整容，内在丰富美丽比漂亮的外表更重要，所以D项符合。故选D。 （24-25九年级下·江苏南京·开学考试）It is like a scene from a horror film: a spider web is several meters wide, which is home to thousands of spiders. And that was what Jason G. Goldman, an animal behavior researcher, found along a muddy path in the Peruvian Amazon jungle — the web arched from tree to tree, a structure containing too many spiders to count. They appeared to function as a society, just like ants or bees. Anelosimus eximius, the species Goldman met in the rainforest, is not the only kind of social spiders in the world, but it does construct the biggest webs. Some can reach more than 7.6m long and 1.5m wide. A web of that size could contain as many as 50,000 individual spiders. Anelosimus eximius was first discovered more than a century ago by a French scientist named Eugene Simon. More social spiders have been discovered since. One was found as recently as 2006. An Anelosimus eximius colony (群体) contains adult males and females as well as youngsters, but the majority of spiders on the web are females. Males account for only between 5% and 22% of any colony’s population. Social spiders work together to build, maintain and clean their webs. They work together to catch prey (猎物), and dine together when they trap a large feast. The females work together to care for the young in the colony. They feed their youngsters by vomiting (吐出) up food for them, just like mother birds. Why did these spiders become social? Researchers have discovered three ecological (生态的) elements that often lead to cooperative (合作的) living among spiders. Social spiders tend to feed on bigger prey, for one thing. Spiders living in places where it is difficult to hunt large or more profitable prey alone may eventually figure out that it is in their interest to work together. 1．What can we know about Anelosimus eximius from the text? A．Its latest branch was found in 2006. B．It was discovered by Jason G. Goldman. C．It has been in existence for less than a century. D．It builds bigger webs than other kinds of spiders. 2．Which of the following correctly shows the parts of an Anelosimus eximius colony? A． B． C． D． 3．What’s the main feature of social spiders? A．They live on big prey. B．They care for the young. C．They live and work together. D．They mainly exist in the rainforest. 4．The following paragraph would discuss ________. A．new threats to spiders’ colonies B．new research on spiders’ colonies C．more reasons for spiders’ cooperative living D．more species of social spiders in the world 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文介绍研究人员对蜘蛛的研究发现。 1．细节理解题，根据“Anelosimus eximius, the species Goldman met in the rainforest, is not the only kind of social spiders in the world, but it does construct the biggest webs.”可知，Anelosimus eximius这种蜘蛛可以编织最大的蜘蛛网。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“An Anelosimus eximius colony (群体) contains adult males and females as well as youngsters, but the majority of spiders on the web are females. Males account for only between 5% and 22% of any colony’s population.”可知，在Anelosimus eximius这种蜘蛛群体中，大多数是雌蛛，雄蛛只占5%到22%。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Social spiders work together to build, maintain and clean their webs.”可知，群居蜘蛛在一起工作；再根据“Researchers have discovered three ecological (生态的) elements that often lead to cooperative (合作的) living among spiders.”可知，群居蜘蛛是一起生活的。故选C。 4．推理判断题。倒数第二段提出问题：为什么Anelosimus eximius这种蜘蛛会有群居性？研究人员发现有三个生态因素，最后一段介绍了第一个原因，由此可推知文章接下来会介绍另外两点。故选C。 （24-25九年级下·江苏南京·开学考试）Linda is looking through the website http://ww.keepingfit.com. Here is what she reads. Researchers have found the health benefits of dancing for people in poor health condition, from improving brain health to creating community. Becky is teaching a group of 80 adults some dancing skills. Many of her students are seated in the dancing room because they have difficulty in moving. When they are following Becky’s pretty movements, a sense of peace comes over them. Dance as a medicine Helen, a researcher, says that dance requires different parts of the brain to work at the same time, that is to say, dance requires more “brain power” than simpler repetitive (重复的) exercises. She invited two groups of adults to take part in programmes for over six months. One group practised dancing and the other did a traditional exercise like cycling. Both groups improved their level of physical fitness, but the group of dancers improved more cognitive abilities, such as memory, attention and high-level thinking. Dance described by Helen as “pleasure double-play” can lift the mood and reduce stress. Dance as body acceptance Besides the physical and mental benefits, dance can also help people with diseases accept what their bodies can and can’t do. Jenny is Becky’s student. Her body went numb when she was in her mid-twenties. She had no feelings from the knees down. She suffered from serious muscle tightness and balance problems, making standing and walking difficult for her. Jenny recently joined an online dance programme. Not only has it improved her coordination (协调性), but it has enabled her to overcome her fear of being judged (评价) for how she moves, both in the dance class and out in the world. “I see so many people moving like me,” she says. “I don’t have to be perfect in my dancing or make sure my leg lifts this way—it makes me comfortable with where I am right now.” Dance as community Perhaps one of the biggest benefits of dance is the sense of community it creates. Dancing with others not only makes people feel less different in their moving abilities, but also helps to fight against loneliness and problems in getting along with others. Becky started teaching more than 22 years ago, and she has helped 300 communities in 28 countries around the world. In some countries , such as India and South Korea, people have put their own cultural dance styles into their classes. Becky wants to create a sense of family and community for this group of people. Whenever and wherever she teaches, she hopes to make them feel joyful, get much closer to the community, and explore the limitless possibilities for the rest of their lives. 1．In which part of the website may you find this passage? A．Culture. B．Fashion. C．Health. D．Literature. 2．From “Dance as a medicine” part, we can learn that ________. A．the act of dancing helps to improve “brain power” B．dance needs more repetitive exercises than “brain power” C．dance needs more high-level thinking to lift the mood D．the act of traditional exercise requires more attention 3．How do you understand the underlined part of this passage? A．Jenny accepts the disabilities of her body after dancing. B．Jenny wants to be perfect after practising dancing. C．Jenny feels sad because she is weak in dancing. D．Jenny thinks she should treat her leg for better dancing. 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Dancing helps to cure illness B．Dancing helps to reduce loneliness C．Dancing helps to change moods D．Dancing helps to better yourself 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了跳舞对健康状况不佳的人有益。 1．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了跳舞对健康状况不佳的人有益，故文章可能出现在网站的“健康”部分。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“dance requires more ‘brain power’ than simpler repetitive (重复的) exercises.”以及“but the group of dancers improved more cognitive abilities”可知舞蹈比简单的重复性运动需要更多的“脑力”，舞者组提高了更多的认知能力，所以跳舞有助于提高“脑力”。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“but it has enabled her to overcome her fear of being judged (评价) for how she moves, both in the dance class and out in the world.”以及“I don’t have to be perfect in my dancing or make sure my leg lifts this way—it makes me comfortable with where I am right now.”可知她克服了在舞蹈课上和世界上因她的动作而受到评判的恐惧，所以她不必完美地跳舞，也不必确保她的腿以这种方式抬起——这让她对现在的状态感到舒适，所以珍妮接受了身体的残疾。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了跳舞对健康状况不佳的人有益，以选项D“跳舞有助于提升自己”为标题最合适。故选D。 （24-25九年级下·江苏南京·开学考试）Four Ways Your Cat Tries to Communicate with You Cats are amazing creatures, and while they can’t talk to us, they certainly know how to communicate their needs and feelings. It’s just up to us to learn how to listen to what they are saying. Meowing Cats meow at their owners for several reasons, including: to ask for food, to greet people, to ask for attention, to let you know they want to go outside/ come inside. In addition, elderly cats suffering from cognitive disfunction, similar to Alzheimer’ s Disease (阿尔茨海默症) in humans, may meow due to becoming confused or disoriented, so we encourage you to schedule an appointment with us if your senior cat seems confused or is meowing more than usual. Purring While cats do purr as a sign of contentment, they also do it as a self-comforting mechanism when sick, stressed or injured. If your cat is purring but also showing signs that something may be wrong, like hiding more than usual or refusing food/water, they could be sick or in pain. Tail Posture If they hold their tail straight up and have relaxed fur, they’re likely to feel happy or curious. But if their fur stands on end while their tail is straight, this indicates (means “shows”) fear or anger. Holding the tail low or hidden between the legs indicates insecurity, and a tail that’s rapidly twitching back and forth suggests anxiety. Rubbing When your cat rubs against your legs or gives you head butts, they are telling you that they love you. That is not the only thing they are doing, though! Cats rub their bodies and cheeks against people and objects to mark their territory and to claim humans, other cats, and various objects as their own. 1．When cats are sick or in pain, what are they likely to do? A．Meow at their owners. B．Rub against your legs. C．Purr and refuse food. D．Hold their tail straight up. 2．What may a cat show when it hides its tail between legs? A．Insecurity. B．Depression. C．Curiosity. D．Happiness. 3．Who provides this text most probably? A．A cat sitter B．A cat owner. C．An animal shelter. D．A pet healthcare centre. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了和宠物猫咪交流的四种方式。 1．细节理解题。根据Purring部分第二句“If your cat is purring but also showing signs that something may be wrong, like hiding more than usual or refusing food/water, they could be sick or in pain.”可知，当猫咪生病或很痛苦的时候，它们会咕噜咕噜叫或者拒绝食物。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据Tail Posture部分最后一句“Holding the tail low or hidden between the legs indicates insecurity, and a tail that’s rapidly twitching back and forth suggests anxiety.”可知，当猫咪把尾巴藏在两腿之间，表示它们感觉到了不安全感。结合A选项Insecurity“不安全”符合语义。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文章标题“Four Ways Your Cat Tries to Communicate with You”，结合第一段“Cats are amazing creatures, and while they can’t talk to us, they certainly know how to communicate their needs and feelings. It’s just up to us to learn how to listen to what they are saying.”以及四个小标题“Meowing”、“Purring”、“Tail Posture”及“Rubbing”可知，文章从非常专业的角度介绍了和猫咪交流的四种方式，写这篇文章的人一定非常了解猫咪的生活特点，分析可知，文章最可能是宠物保健中心的人提供的。故选D。 （24-25九年级下·江苏徐州·开学考试） These days, the robotaxi from Baidu’s Apollo Go becomes quite popular. People can call the taxi using an app on their phone called Luobo Kuaipao. There is no driver in the car, but it can take you anywhere you want to go. Many people try the new way to travel around. They think it is cheap, comfortable and convenient (便利的). ▲ In order to let more people use its robotaxi, Luobo Kuaipao offers a great discount (折扣). For example, one person only paid 26.52 yuan for a 28-kilometre, 64-minute trip in Wuhan, as the app offered a discount of more than a hundred yuan. The low cost draws many people to the robotaxi. This has made some taxi drivers feel worried and they said that the car completely took their jobs. The number of their orders has greatly dropped. The robotaxi also brings about other problems. A video showed that a robotaxi in Wuhan stopped in front of a bag on the road, causing a traffic jam. In another video, two robotaxis were facing each other, not knowing what to do next. What’s worse, a robotaxi caused an accident because it didn’t see a person on the road. And even after the accident, people didn’t know who was responsible (负责任的) for it. Robotaxi companies think it’s important to make roads safer, so they are working hard to improve their products and work out the problems. 1．How can people take a robotaxi? A．By being a driver. B．By using a mobile app. C．By waving (挥手) to it. D．By buying one. 2．Which sentence can be put in ▲ ? A．Why do people think like that? B．It’s the best way to get around. C．Few people don’t agree with them. D．However, the taxi also worries some people. 3．What do we know about Luobo Kuaipao? A．It helps people save much time. B．Some taxi drivers don’t like it. C．Rides in its robotaxis cost more than other taxis. D．Most people worry that its robotaxis are not safe. 4．Why does the writer talk about some videos in Paragraph 4? A．To offer ideas of improving robotaxis. B．To tell readers how the robotaxi works. C．To teach people how to take a robotaxi. D．To show robotaxis can cause problems. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了百度Apollo Go的自动驾驶出租车的优点和缺点。 1．细节理解题。根据“People can call the taxi using an app on their phone called Luobo Kuaipao.”可知，人们可以使用手机应用程序乘坐出租车。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“Many people try the new way to travel around.”及“The robotaxi also brings about other problems.”可知，此处指这种新的旅行方式也有不好之处，故“然而，出租车也让一些人感到担忧。”符合语境。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“This has made some taxi drivers feel worried and they said that the car completely took their jobs. The number of their orders has greatly dropped.”可推知，出租车司机不喜欢自动驾驶出租车。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“The robotaxi also brings about other problems.”可知，作者在第四段中谈到一些视频是为了说明自动驾驶出租车可能会导致问题。故选D。 （24-25九年级下·江苏盐城·开学考试）In the United States, people like to say “Thank you” when others help them or say something kind to them. People of many other countries do so, too. It is a very good habit. You should say “Thank you” when someone passes you something on the table, when someone opens the door for you, when someone says you have done your work well, or you have bought a nice thing, or your city is very beautiful. “Thank you” is used not only between friends, but also between parents and children, brothers and sisters, husbands and wives. “Excuse me” is another short sentence they use. When you hear someone say so behind you, you know that somebody wants to walk past you without touching you. It’s not polite to interrupt (打断) others when they are talking. If you want to speak to one of them, say “Excuse me” first, and then begin talking. You should also do so when you want to cough or make any unpleasant noise before others. Let's all learn to say “Thank you” and “Excuse me”. 1．People say “Thank you” in the US and ________ countries. A．some other B．all other C．the other D．other 2．People usually say “Thank you” when ________. A．someone opens the door for them B．someone makes them unhappy C．someone doesn’t pass them something D．someone is smoking 3．From the passage we know “Thank you” is ________. A．widely used in the world B．used more often than “Excuse me” C．used only by Americans D．used only between friends 4．When you want to cough before others, you should say “__________” first. A．I’m sorry B．Thank you C．Excuse me D．I'm happy 5．It’s polite ________ when someone is talking. A．to interrupt others B．not to interrupt others C．to walk past without touching him D．to cough loudly 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文主要描述了“Thank you”和“Excuse me”的使用场景。 1．细节理解题。根据“People of many other countries do so, too. It is a very good habit.”可知，除了美国之外，许多其他国家的人也会说 “Thank you” 。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“You should say ‘Thank you’ when someone passes you something on the table, when someone opens the door for you”可知，当有人为你开门时应该说 “Thank you”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“People of many other countries do so, too. It is a very good habit.”以及“‘Thank you’ is used not only between friends, but also between parents and children, brothers and sisters, husbands and wives.”可知，“Thank you” 不仅在美国使用，很多其他国家也使用，而且使用范围很广，不仅在朋友之间，也在家人之间使用。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“You should also do so when you want to cough or make any unpleasant noise before others.”可知，当你想在别人面前咳嗽时，应该先说 “Excuse me”。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“It’s not polite to interrupt (打断) others when they are talking.”可知，当别人在谈话时打断别人是不礼貌的，那么不打断别人就是礼貌的行为。故选B。 （24-25九年级下·江苏盐城·开学考试）In many English families, people eat four meals a day: breakfast, lunch, tea and dinner. People have breakfast at any time from seven to nine in the morning. They eat porridge, eggs or bread. English people drink tea or coffee at breakfast. Lunch comes at one o’clock. Afternoon tea is from four to five in the afternoon and dinner is about half past seven. First they have soup, then they have meat or fish with vegetables. After that they eat some other things, like bananas, apples or oranges. But not all English people eat like that. Some of them have their dinner in the middle of the day. Their meals are breakfast, dinner, tea and supper and all these meals are very simple. 1．Many English people have ________ meals a day. A．two B．three C．four D．five 2．People may have ________ for their breakfast. A．tea and eggs B．hamburgers and tea C．coffee and salad D．eggs and fish 3．People have lunch at ________. A．any time B．nine C．five D．one o’clock 4．People don’t have ________ for their dinner. A．bananas or apples B．soup or meat C．porridge D．fish or vegetables 5．Some English people have their dinner in the middle of the day, so their meals are very ________. A．simple B．delicious C．much D．many 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了许多英国人一日四餐的生活习惯。 1．细节理解题。根据“In many English families, people eat four meals a day”可知，许多英国人一天吃四顿饭。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“People have breakfast at any time from seven to nine in the morning. They eat porridge, eggs or bread. English people drink tea or coffee at breakfast.”可知，人们早餐可以喝茶和吃鸡蛋。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Lunch comes at one o’clock.”可知，午餐在1点。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“First they have soup, then they have meat or fish with vegetables. After that they eat some other things, like bananas, apples or oranges.”可知，人们晚饭不喝粥。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“Some of them have their dinner in the middle of the day. Their meals are breakfast, dinner, tea and supper and all these meals are very simple.”可知，有些英国人在中午吃正餐，所以他们的饭菜很简单。故选A。 （24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·期末） What Middle School Kids Can Do! SmartWander Sock When he was 14, Ken decided to find a way to help his grandfather, who suffered from Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔茨海默病). He noticed his grandfather might get hurt, or he could walk around and get lost. Ken invented SmartWander socks to remind family members whenever his grandfather started moving. The idea worked well and became popular. Solar-Powered Tent Daniela remembers the homeless people she saw on her way to school when she was around age 14. Looking for a way to help them, she worked together with 12 other teenage girls to invent a solar-powered tent. Their tents provided shelter and a source of power for the homeless and for people affected by natural disasters. Tethys Water Tester A 12-year-old girl named Rao invented a device (仪器) to test drinking water for lead (铅) . She learned about a town in Michigan where the drinking water was dangerous. When people drank the water, it caused serious health problems. She wanted to help them. Her invention was faster, less expensive, and easier to make than other methods. Lion Lights At age 11, Richard invented a simple, low-cost, solar-powered device that safely drove hungry lions away from his family’s goats, cows and sheep in Kenya. He noticed that the lions did not come near when he was holding a torch at night to check on the livestock (家畜). He then invented a series of flashing LED lights and spaced them around the livestock pens. His invention was good enough to help many other people in his community and also avoided having to hurt the lions. 1．Ken invented SmartWander socks to help his grandpa remain ________. A．more careful B．safer C．more popular D．healthier 2．A person whose house has been washed away needs ________ most now. A．SmartWander Sock B．Solar-Powered Tent C．Tethys Water Tester D．Tent Lion Lights 3．Rao’s invention is to ________ according to the passage. A．help to reduce the water pollution in Michigan B．check whether there is any lead in drinking water C．reduce the cost of checking people’s drinking water D．tell people it’s unhealthy to drink the water with lead 4．What does Richard use LED lights to do? A．To let the farmers see the lions. B．To let the livestocks see the lions. C．To drive away the lions safely. D．To kill the lions without any sound. 5．Who is the passage most likely written for? A．Doctors. B．Teenagers. C．Scientists. D．Businessmen. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四名学生的发明。 1．细节理解题。根据SmartWander Sock中“Ken invented SmartWander socks to remind family members whenever his grandfather started moving.” 可知，肯发明了SmartWander袜子，以便在祖父离家时提醒家人，保证他祖父母的安全。故选B。   2．细节理解题。根据Solar-Powered Tent中“Daniela remembers the homeless people… source of power for the homeless and for people affected by natural disasters.” 可知，丹妮拉记得她14岁时，在上学路上看到的无家可归的人，为了帮助他们，她和其他12个十几岁的女孩一起发明了一个太阳能帐篷，他们的帐篷为无家可归者和受自然灾害影响的人们提供了住所和电力来源，由此可知，房子被冲走的人现在最需要太阳能帐篷。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据Tethys Water Tester中“A 12-year-old girl named Rao invented a device to test drinking water for lead.”可知，一个名叫Rao的12岁女孩发明了一种检测饮用水铅含量的装置。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据Lion Lights中“At age 11, Richard invented a simple, low-cost…spaced them around the livestock pens.”可知，11时，Richard发明了一种简单、低成本的太阳能装置，可以安全地将饥饿的狮子从肯尼亚家里的山羊、奶牛和绵羊身边赶走，他注意到，当他晚上拿着火炬检查牲畜时，狮子并没有靠近，然后，他发明了一系列闪烁的LED灯，并将它们间隔在牲畜围栏周围，由此可知，LED灯安全地赶走狮子。故选C。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了四名学生的发明，由此可知，文章应该是写给年轻人的。故选B。 （24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·期末） Facing a poster of a horror movie, some people can’t wait to enjoy it while some quickly close their eyes, hoping for removing the picture from minds. Most of us simply consider that different reactions (反应) are down to their different characters. Dr. Sherry, from Dalhousie University, says it is the brain which shape our reactions to fear. According to Sherry, the brains of the people who love scary movies seem to need a lot more excitement. That’s because their excitability (兴奋性) is born staying low. Thus, their brains are naturally hunting for the chance to deal with that difference in them. That’s why some people are willing to pay a lot of money to jump out of an airplane. But not all of these people want to be in real danger. So, they choose to watch scary movies instead. My friend, Peter, an expert in skateboarding, loves watching scary movies as well. “Both horror movies and challenging skateboard movements offer my brain excitement,” he says. “Other people avoid meeting horrors just because their brains usually have a really strong startle response (惊跳反应) , so when something scares them, they get hurt badly, no matter on their bodies or spirits.” Sherry says. “They are often thought to be more overreaction to unpleasant experience like being scared while watching a horror film.” “One of my friends, Miya had to be in hospital for special treatment last week, simply because of catching sight of a scary picture in a horror movie.” But there’s also something interesting. Dr. Sherry says that if people keep watching scary movies a lot, they might not be as scared anymore. Our brain can get used to the scary things. So, in the end, whether we like or dislike scary movies depends on our brains and how they deal with fear and excitement. It’s different from one to another, and that’s what makes us special when it comes to choosing movies. 1．According to Sherry, some people willingly choose horror films because of ________. A．the force from friends B．their born low excitability C．the attraction from the poster D．their own special characters 2．Which paragraphs give the reasons why people have different reactions to horror films? A．Paragraphs 1&2. B．Paragraphs 2&3. C．Paragraphs 3&4. D．Paragraphs 4&5. 3．According to Paragraph 2, why do some people choose to watch scary films instead of jumping out of an airplane? A．Because they don’t want to be in the real danger. B．Because they don’t have enough money for airplanes. C．Because they can find different kinds of excitements in scary films. D．Because they can’t feel the excitement of jumping out of airplanes. 4．What does the prefix “over” in the underline word “overreaction” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．More than necessary. B．Less than necessary. C．More than can be afforded. D．Less than can be afforded. 5．This passage is probably from _________. A．a comic book B．a sports newspaper C．a movie guide D．a scientific magazine 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人们对恐怖电影的不同反应及其背后的原因。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段句子“According to Sherry, the brains of the people who love scary movies seem to need a lot more excitement. That’s because their excitability (兴奋性) is born staying low.”可知，有些人乐意选择恐怖电影，是因为他们的兴奋性天生就很低。故选B。 2．细节理解题。结合第二段句子“According to Sherry, the brains of the people who love scary movies seem to need a lot more excitement. That’s because their excitability (兴奋性) is born staying low.”和第三段句子“Other people avoid meeting horrors just because their brains usually have a really strong startle response (惊跳反应)”可知，第二段和第三段先后介绍了大脑兴奋性低和有强烈的惊跳反应是造成人们对恐怖电影有不同反应的原因。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段句子“That’s why some people are willing to pay a lot of money to jump out of an airplane. But not all of these people want to be in real danger.”可知，有些人之所以选择观看恐怖电影而非从飞机上跳下来，是因为他们不想处于真正的危险之中。故选A。 4．词句猜测题。结合前文“Other people avoid meeting horrors just because their brains usually have a really strong startle response (惊跳反应)”和“They are often thought to be more overreaction to unpleasant experience like being scared while watching a horror film.”可知，其他人之所以避免遇到恐怖，只是因为他们的大脑通常会有非常强烈的惊跳反应，因此他们通常被认为对不愉快的经历反应过度，比如在看恐怖电影时感到害怕。划线词“overreaction”意为“过度反应”，reaction意为“反应”，前缀over表示“过度”，与more than necessary“超出必要范围”意思相近。故选A。 5．推理判断题。纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了人们对恐怖电影的不同反应及其背后的原因，属于科学范畴，因此这篇文章可能来自科学杂志。故选D。 （24-25九年级上·江苏南京·期末） Artwork is lovely to look at, and it has the power to make people feel and think differently. But do you know that when people see a real work of art, rather than just looking at a photo of it, they are likely to experience stronger emotions (情绪)? Scientists recently carried out a study at the Mauritshuis museum in The Hague, a city in the Netherlands. The museum is home to Girl with a Pearl Earring, a very famous painting by Dutch artist Johannes Vermeer. It was painted in 1665. ① The researchers used eye-tracking equipment and a brain scanner to watch how people reacted to several paintings. First, the volunteers were asked to look at the real paintings on display, and then at photos of the artworks in the museum shop. ② It was shown that their emotional reactions (反应) were 10 times stronger when they looked at the real paintings. The most active part of the brain while looking at the artworks was the area that controls people’s personal identity (身份) and consciousness (意识). ③ How did that happen? By study, people may experience something called a “sustained attentional loop” when they watched a certain painting. The volunteers’ attention was first drawn to the girl’s left eye, then her mouth, then to her pearl earring. This certain order of eye movements repeated in a continuous loop. Each time they completed the cycle, their focus became stronger and their connection with Girl with a Pearl Earring was deeper, which meant that people stared at the painting for longer. Martin de Munnik, one of the researchers in this study, said, “That means you have to pay attention whether you want to or not.” It was as if the painting itself had a power to hold the viewers’ attention and guide their eye movement in a very involuntary (无意识的) way. ④ The director of the Mauritshuis, Martine Gosselink, said that the study shows how important it is to go and see art in real life, whether it’s paintings, photography or dancing. She added, “it really helps develop your brain.” The researchers are now eager to broaden their study, planning to visit other museums and do similar experiments on works like the Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci. 1．What is the purpose of the study? A．To explain different ways to study a painting. B．To check people’s interest in museum paintings. C．To find differences between a painting and its photo. D．To watch people’s reactions to real art and its photos. 2．We can put the following sentence “The team also found that the group reacted even more strongly to Girl with a Pearl Earring.” in ______. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 3．How does the writer introduce the “sustained attentional loop”? A．By giving an example. B．By telling a story. C．By listing numbers. D．By offering advice. 4．Why was Mona Lisa mentioned at the end of the passage? A．To introduce a world-famous art work. B．To explain the plan for further research. C．To show the researchers’love for it. D．To prove its influence on people’s brain. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．The Power of Real Works of Art B．Lessons from Real Works of Art C．The Way to Enjoy Real Works of Art D．A Visit to Real Works of Art 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要讲述研究人员通过实验，对比人们对艺术作品真迹和照片的反应，发现观看真迹能让人产生更强烈的情绪反应，凸显了真实艺术品的力量。 1．细节理解题。根据“The researchers used eye-tracking equipment and a brain scanner to watch how people reacted to several paintings. First, the volunteers were asked to look at the real paintings on display, and then at photos of the artworks in the museum shop.” 可知，研究借助设备观察人们分别对真迹和照片的反应，所以研究目的是观察人们对真实艺术品及其照片的反应。故选D。 2．推理判断题。①处介绍研究设备与流程，未涉及对特定画作反应，排除A选项；②处强调看真迹情绪反应普遍强烈，插入句突出特定画作反应，与②处语境衔接不紧，排除B选项；④处围绕研究结果意义和后续计划，与插入句关联性不大，排除D选项。③处开始探讨人们对画作产生强烈反应的原因，插入句“研究团队还发现，这组人对《戴珍珠耳环的少女》反应更强烈” 能很好地引出后文以《戴珍珠耳环的少女》为例的阐述，使上下文逻辑更连贯，所以插入句适合放在③处。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“The volunteers’ attention was first drawn to the girl’s left eye, then her mouth, then to her pearl earring. This certain order of eye movements repeated in a continuous loop.” 可知，作者以志愿者看《戴珍珠耳环的少女》时注意力移动顺序为例，介绍 “持续注意力循环”。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“The researchers are now eager to broaden their study, planning to visit other museums and do similar experiments on works like the Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci.”可知，研究人员想拓宽研究，计划对《蒙娜丽莎》等作品做实验，提及它是为了解释进一步的研究计划。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。根据“when people see a real work of art, rather than just looking at a photo of it, they are likely to experience stronger emotions” ，后文围绕此论述人们对真迹和照片的不同反应，突出真实艺术品能带来更强烈情绪，强调了真实艺术品的力量，所以A选项“真实艺术品的力量”最能概括文章主旨。故选A。 （24-25九年级下·江苏泰州·开学考试）Learning English may not be so difficult as you imagine. You can learn it with your phone. There are some useful apps for you. Hello EnglishIntroduction: If you have experience of learning English, choose this app. You will have a test first, and then start English lessons based on your test results. Hello English uses games to teach English lessons. It also offers new books and latest news. Cost: Free Platform (平台): iOS, Android and Windows Fluent UIntroduction: This app includes English videos from the real world, such as news and music— to help you learn English. In this app, you can learn English in a real situation. Cost: First 3 days are free, and then you need to pay monthly. Platform: Android and iOS DuolingoIntroduction: This app turns study into a game. You can learn English, French and Russian in it. You can keep an online pet owl and it can encourage you to learn together. When you have questions, ask other students by sending messages. Cost: Free Platform: iOS, Android and Windows Rosetta StoneIntroduction: Rosetta Stone aims at helping you improve vocabulary, grammar and spoken English. It offers advice on your pronunciation. You can also download lessons to learn. Cost: First 7 days are free, and then pay ¥288 for VIP every year. Platform: Android and iOS Are you interested in them? Turn on your phone and download one in your App store! 1．Who will choose to use app Hello English? A．Local Russian speakers. B．Foreign Russian speakers. C．New English learners. D．Experienced English learners. 2．How often should you pay for the app Fluent U? A．Every day. B．Every month. C．Every year. D．Never. 3．What is special about Duolingo? A．An owl can be a partner of the users. B．The users must pay for the app. C．An owl can play games with the users. D．The users can listen to songs. 4．Which app can help us practice grammar? A．Hello English. B．Fluent U. C．Duolingo. D．Rosetta Stone. 5．How can you try these apps if you are interested in one of them? A．By visiting the computer store. B．By reading English books. C．By downloading it from the App store. D．By searching for the English website. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文主要是对几款学习英语的应用程序进行了介绍，包括它们的特点、费用和适用平台等信息。 1．细节理解题。根据“Hello English If you have experience of learning English, choose this app.”可知，Hello English适用于有学习英语经验的人。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Fluent U First 3 days are free, and then you need to pay monthly.”可知，此应用程序是按月付费的。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Duolingo You can keep an online pet owl and it can encourage you to learn together.”可知，一只猫头鹰可以成为用户的伙伴。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Rosetta Stone helping you improve vocabulary, grammar and spoken English.”可知，Rosetta Stone可以帮助学习语法。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“Are you interested in them? Turn on your phone and download one in your App store!”可知，如果有兴趣，可以打开手机从应用商店下载。故选C。 （24-25九年级上·江苏南通·期末）①The scientific method is used for simple experiments that students may do in the classroom or very difficult experiments that scientists are doing all over the world. It is a way of thinking that helps you to avoid drawing incorrect conclusions. There are usually four steps in the scientific method, including observation (观察), hypothesis (假设), experiment, and conclusion. ②The steps may not always be completed in the same order, but the first step is usually observation and asking a question about your observation. You may have the experience that you had a sick stomach, and ate a candy bar. An hour later, you observed that you felt much better. Here, you can ask a question, such as, “What makes a sick stomach feel better?” ③The second step is to state a possible answer to the question, or a hypothesis, such as “________”. A good hypothesis includes three things: The explanation for the observations, it is able to be tested, and it will usually predict new results or conclusions. ④The third step is the experiment, to test the hypothesis. An experiment is a test which will either challenge or support the hypothesis. The hypothesis will then be true or false. ⑤The final step is to think about what happened when you tested the hypothesis and draw a conclusion. The conclusion will either clearly support the hypothesis or it will not. If the results support the hypothesis, a conclusion can be written and you can share it with the rest of the world. If it does not support the hypothesis, you may choose to change the hypothesis or write a new one based on what was learned during the experiment. ⑥In most cases, the scientific method is an iterative (迭代的) process. In other words, it’s a cycle rather than a straight line. The result of one go-round becomes feedback that improves the next round of question asking. 1．How does the writer make us better understand the first step in Paragraph 2? A．By asking some questions. B．By giving an example. C．By comparing differences. D．By presenting reasons. 2．Which sentence can be put into “________” in Paragraph 3? A．It is the medicine which makes you feel better. B．A candy bar can make a sick stomach feel better. C．Eat a candy bar again, and see what happens next. D．Ask people if eating a candy bar makes them better. 3．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 4．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．The observation based on the hypothesis is the first step. B．The four steps will be completed perfectly in the same order. C．The conclusion will support the observation and the experiment. D．The hypothesis will be proved to be true or false through an experiment. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了基本科学方法包括四个步骤：观察、假设、实验和结论。 1． 细节理解题。根据“You may have the experience that you had a sick stomach,”可知，是通过举例让我们明白第一个步骤。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“A good hypothesis includes three things: The explanation for the observations, it is able to be tested, and it will usually predict new results or conclusions.”可知，一个好的假设包括三件事：对观察结果的解释，它能够被检验，它通常会预测新的结果或结论，B选项“一块糖能让恶心的胃感觉好一点”是一个好的假设，是一个解释，且能够被检验。故选B。 3．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段“There are usually four steps in the scientific method, including observation (观察), hypothesis (假设), experiment, and conclusion.”引出话题；第二段“the first step is...”、第三段“The second step is”、第四段“The third step is”和第五段“The final step is”可知，第二至第五段分别介绍了基本科学方法的四个步骤，最后一段“In other words, it’s a cycle rather than a straight line.”总结迭代过程。故文章结构是总分总结构。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段“An experiment is a test which will either challenge or support the hypothesis. The hypothesis will then be true or false.”可知，实验能够证明假设的正确性或错误性。故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 冲刺2025年中考英语必考题型终极预测（江苏专用） 专题04 说明文阅读15篇（名校模拟+地区真题） （24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·期末）①How much time do you spend looking at your smartphone, tablet or computer every day? These electronic devices (设备) help us in many ways, but they may also cause health problems. They have advantages as well as disadvantages. ②Getting information easily is one of the biggest advantages of the Internet. Almost any kind of information on any topic under the sun can be found on the Internet. Search engines can help us find almost any type of information on almost any kind of subject. Meanwhile, much service is now provided on the Internet such as online banking, job seeking, tickets selling and hotel booking. ③However, too much screen time can cause your eyes tired, which leaves your eyes feeling dry and sore and is also bad for your eyesight. To help your eyes stay healthy, follow the “20-20-20” rule: Every 20 minutes, look at something 20 meters away for 20 seconds. ④Your eyes aren’t the only parts of your body that could become worse from using electronic devices. People who write a lot of text messages can develop an injury. The repeated movement of typing can lead to the loss of grip strength (握力受损). To avoid this, do this exercise: Put a rubber band around the top of your five fingers and open your hand. Repeat this a few times. ⑤Another serious danger is that it may cause several mind problems. One of the biggest problems is the Internet addiction (瘾). Many people turn to the Internet or computer games to keep themselves away from the feelings of stress, sadness and loneliness. Slowly, they might start to depend on the Internet and feel worried if they’re not connected. To stop yourself from falling into this kind of trap, limit the amount of time you spend online. 1．The first 20 of the “20-20-20” rule in the passage suggests ______. A．how long the break lasts B．how often you have the break C．how many times you take a break D．how far you look at things from you 2．Which picture best shows rubber band exercise? A． B． C． D． 3．The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 5 refers to ______. A．several serious mind problems B．people who have the Internet addiction C．the Internet and computer games D．feelings of stress, sadness and loneliness 4．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．It’s easy to search for information on the Internet. B．To protect eye health, you should follow the “20-20-20” rule. C．Using electronic devices causes many problems in our body. D．Watching videos too much will lead to the loss of grip strength. 5．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． （24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·期末）We’ve all heard about the man who discovered gravity (重力) and the apple that fell from a tree and hit him on the head. However, the 17th-century “aha moment” is actually a bit of a lie! Newton did witness an apple falling from a tree one day and this got him thinking about what actually caused the apple to fall to the ground. Newton later developed his theory of Gravity, believing that Earth has a force (力) that pulls objects down, which prevents objects from aimlessly floating around. While we know that Isaac Newton discovered Gravity, he also made many other scientific discoveries. Newton is also credited with discovering the three laws of motion. These three laws, or principles, explain how things move. Law 1: An object at rest stays at rest. A moving object keeps moving. Objects continue doing what they’re doing unless a stronger force acts on them. Here, the stronger force is the wall. It stops the truck but not the boxes, so they keep moving backward. Law 2: It takes more force to move a heavy object than to move a lighter object. Newton came up with a scientific formula to explain this: Force = Mass x Acceleration. Large weights with a lot of mass require more force to lift than smaller, lighter weights do. Law 3: For every force, there is an equal reaction in the opposite direction. Air from an untied balloon rushes out in one direction. As the air escapes, it pushes the balloon in the opposite direction. 1．Which part of a magazine is the reading material most probably taken from? A．History. B．Sports. C．Culture. D．Science. 2．The drawing for Law 1 shows that ________. A．the boxes get a stronger force than the truck B．the truck stays at rest, but the boxes do not C．the wall acts on the truck but not on the boxes D．the truck keeps moving, but the wall stays at rest 3．Which picture best shows Law 3? A． B． C． D． （24-25九年级下·江苏南京·开学考试）Ridley Scott’s famous war film “Napoleon (拿破仑)” is a series of successful battles looking for a better movie to connect them. Once again, Scott’s craftsmanship (技艺) is on show here, but it’s in service of a deeply shallow screenplay A great actor is reduced to a ghostly presence in the middle of the movie, and his partner, the character who needs to give the film a beating heart, comes off as flat and hollow. One of the problems is that the film script tries to put a lot of life into the running time of a single film. Naturally, it opens during the French Revolution, as Napoleon climbs up the political ladder of France with his war talents above all else. Another part of the problem is that Kirby, the leading actress never really understands what to play with Josephine, a mysterious celebrity (名人) who becomes too much of a mirror for Napoleon. She couldn’t give Napoleon a son, which resulted in their break-up. Was Napoleon the kind of world leader whose own unsafety resulted in killings we have seen in history? That’s here in a few places, but Scott is uninterested in making any sort of statement about Napoleon or men like him. A very just-the-facts approach of “Napoleon” is incredibly disappointing for a filmmaker who usually finds so much depth in the stories he tells. Worst of all, by the time “Napoleon” gets to Waterloo, we don’t know much more about the main. character than we did when we came in. That’s a problem. Having said that, the wonderful war scenes in “Napoleon” may be enough to prove its existence for fans of historical war filmș. Whether its bloodied bodies breaking through ice or waves of soldiers rushing into battle, “Napoleon” has some fantastic battle scenes. Maybe the point is that Napoleon Bonaparte was only truly alive when surrounded by so much death. 1．How do you understand the underlined word “hollow” in Paragraph 1? A．Solid. B．Deep. C．Empty. D．Smooth. 2．What can we infer from Paragraph 2 to 4? A．The film successfully covers Napoleon’s whole life. B．Kirby has a good understanding of how to play Josephine. C．People couldn’t know Napoleon better through this film. D．There are some outstanding features of “Napoleon”. 3．What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A．The successful battle scenes in “Napoleon”. B．The achievements of Napoleon Bonaparte. C．The wars Napoleon Bonaparte fighting in. D．The reason for Napoleon Bonaparte’s aliveness. 4．What type of writing is this text? A．A news report. B．A film review. C．A historical document. D．A science fiction. （24-25九年级下·江苏南京·开学考试）Since Zhao Hongshan’s dermal filler injection (皮肤填充注射) four years ago—he has spent around 80,000 yuan on his face. “Getting plastic surgeries is just as normal as body building. Both make men more handsome and confident,” says the 33-year-old, who owns a gym in Beijing. Zhao is among a growing number of Chinese men using plastic surgeries to change their physical appearance to increase their self-confidence. In 2021, the market for beauty medicine in China was worth more than 495 billion yuan, with males accounting for around 15 percent of customers, according to a report by plastic surgery social networking app Gengmei. There is a rising trend of young men turning to plastic surgeries; most male customers are in their teens or 20s. “Some men just want to please themselves, while others hope to improve their possibility in job hunting or dating,” says Wang Jun, vice-president of marketing for Gengmei. “Men are under the same social pressures as women and their confidence and competitiveness would be more or less weakened by facial and body weaknesses.” However, experts point out the risks of plastic surgeries. Fan Jufeng, director of the Plastic Surgery Department at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, does not encourage people, no matter men or women, to “blindly” go under the knife. According to the National Health Commission, a total of 2,772 cases related to illegal (非法的) plastic surgeries were handled by China’s health departments during a year long attack that started in May 2017. Fan also warned the public of the negative influences of live streaming celebrities (流量明星) who promote the misunderstanding that being pretty goes above all else. “Whether to have plastic surgeries is a personal choice, but people should not be addicted (上瘾) to it,” Fan says. “Think twice on it. After all, a rich and beautiful inside world is far more important than a pretty face.” 1．How does the author introduce the topic of plastic surgeries? A．By giving an example. B．By providing data C．By raising a question. D．By making suggestions. 2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly focus on? A．The huge cost of men’s beauty market in China. B．The growing beauty market for the Chinese men. C．The rising trend of young men turning to plastic surgeries. D．The reason for the increasing popularity of plastic surgeries. 3．What do Wang Jun’s words show in Paragraph 3? A．The benefits of men’s plastic surgeries. B．The great social pressure for Chinese men. C．The reasons for men’s plastic surgeries. D．The misunderstanding of the short cut to success. 4．Why does Fan Jufeng advise thinking twice on plastic surgeries? A．They’re unsafe in health. B．They’re expensive in price. C．They’re wrong in beliefs. D．They’re useless in job hunting. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．Plastic Surgeries—Male vs Female B．Women’s Plastic Surgeries—Yes or No C．Plastic Surgeries—Price vs Result D．Plastic Surgeries—Blind or Not （24-25九年级下·江苏南京·开学考试）It is like a scene from a horror film: a spider web is several meters wide, which is home to thousands of spiders. And that was what Jason G. Goldman, an animal behavior researcher, found along a muddy path in the Peruvian Amazon jungle — the web arched from tree to tree, a structure containing too many spiders to count. They appeared to function as a society, just like ants or bees. Anelosimus eximius, the species Goldman met in the rainforest, is not the only kind of social spiders in the world, but it does construct the biggest webs. Some can reach more than 7.6m long and 1.5m wide. A web of that size could contain as many as 50,000 individual spiders. Anelosimus eximius was first discovered more than a century ago by a French scientist named Eugene Simon. More social spiders have been discovered since. One was found as recently as 2006. An Anelosimus eximius colony (群体) contains adult males and females as well as youngsters, but the majority of spiders on the web are females. Males account for only between 5% and 22% of any colony’s population. Social spiders work together to build, maintain and clean their webs. They work together to catch prey (猎物), and dine together when they trap a large feast. The females work together to care for the young in the colony. They feed their youngsters by vomiting (吐出) up food for them, just like mother birds. Why did these spiders become social? Researchers have discovered three ecological (生态的) elements that often lead to cooperative (合作的) living among spiders. Social spiders tend to feed on bigger prey, for one thing. Spiders living in places where it is difficult to hunt large or more profitable prey alone may eventually figure out that it is in their interest to work together. 1．What can we know about Anelosimus eximius from the text? A．Its latest branch was found in 2006. B．It was discovered by Jason G. Goldman. C．It has been in existence for less than a century. D．It builds bigger webs than other kinds of spiders. 2．Which of the following correctly shows the parts of an Anelosimus eximius colony? A． B． C． D． 3．What’s the main feature of social spiders? A．They live on big prey. B．They care for the young. C．They live and work together. D．They mainly exist in the rainforest. 4．The following paragraph would discuss ________. A．new threats to spiders’ colonies B．new research on spiders’ colonies C．more reasons for spiders’ cooperative living D．more species of social spiders in the world （24-25九年级下·江苏南京·开学考试）Linda is looking through the website http://ww.keepingfit.com. Here is what she reads. Researchers have found the health benefits of dancing for people in poor health condition, from improving brain health to creating community. Becky is teaching a group of 80 adults some dancing skills. Many of her students are seated in the dancing room because they have difficulty in moving. When they are following Becky’s pretty movements, a sense of peace comes over them. Dance as a medicine Helen, a researcher, says that dance requires different parts of the brain to work at the same time, that is to say, dance requires more “brain power” than simpler repetitive (重复的) exercises. She invited two groups of adults to take part in programmes for over six months. One group practised dancing and the other did a traditional exercise like cycling. Both groups improved their level of physical fitness, but the group of dancers improved more cognitive abilities, such as memory, attention and high-level thinking. Dance described by Helen as “pleasure double-play” can lift the mood and reduce stress. Dance as body acceptance Besides the physical and mental benefits, dance can also help people with diseases accept what their bodies can and can’t do. Jenny is Becky’s student. Her body went numb when she was in her mid-twenties. She had no feelings from the knees down. She suffered from serious muscle tightness and balance problems, making standing and walking difficult for her. Jenny recently joined an online dance programme. Not only has it improved her coordination (协调性), but it has enabled her to overcome her fear of being judged (评价) for how she moves, both in the dance class and out in the world. “I see so many people moving like me,” she says. “I don’t have to be perfect in my dancing or make sure my leg lifts this way—it makes me comfortable with where I am right now.” Dance as community Perhaps one of the biggest benefits of dance is the sense of community it creates. Dancing with others not only makes people feel less different in their moving abilities, but also helps to fight against loneliness and problems in getting along with others. Becky started teaching more than 22 years ago, and she has helped 300 communities in 28 countries around the world. In some countries , such as India and South Korea, people have put their own cultural dance styles into their classes. Becky wants to create a sense of family and community for this group of people. Whenever and wherever she teaches, she hopes to make them feel joyful, get much closer to the community, and explore the limitless possibilities for the rest of their lives. 1．In which part of the website may you find this passage? A．Culture. B．Fashion. C．Health. D．Literature. 2．From “Dance as a medicine” part, we can learn that ________. A．the act of dancing helps to improve “brain power” B．dance needs more repetitive exercises than “brain power” C．dance needs more high-level thinking to lift the mood D．the act of traditional exercise requires more attention 3．How do you understand the underlined part of this passage? A．Jenny accepts the disabilities of her body after dancing. B．Jenny wants to be perfect after practising dancing. C．Jenny feels sad because she is weak in dancing. D．Jenny thinks she should treat her leg for better dancing. 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Dancing helps to cure illness B．Dancing helps to reduce loneliness C．Dancing helps to change moods D．Dancing helps to better yourself （24-25九年级下·江苏南京·开学考试）Four Ways Your Cat Tries to Communicate with You Cats are amazing creatures, and while they can’t talk to us, they certainly know how to communicate their needs and feelings. It’s just up to us to learn how to listen to what they are saying. Meowing Cats meow at their owners for several reasons, including: to ask for food, to greet people, to ask for attention, to let you know they want to go outside/ come inside. In addition, elderly cats suffering from cognitive disfunction, similar to Alzheimer’ s Disease (阿尔茨海默症) in humans, may meow due to becoming confused or disoriented, so we encourage you to schedule an appointment with us if your senior cat seems confused or is meowing more than usual. Purring While cats do purr as a sign of contentment, they also do it as a self-comforting mechanism when sick, stressed or injured. If your cat is purring but also showing signs that something may be wrong, like hiding more than usual or refusing food/water, they could be sick or in pain. Tail Posture If they hold their tail straight up and have relaxed fur, they’re likely to feel happy or curious. But if their fur stands on end while their tail is straight, this indicates (means “shows”) fear or anger. Holding the tail low or hidden between the legs indicates insecurity, and a tail that’s rapidly twitching back and forth suggests anxiety. Rubbing When your cat rubs against your legs or gives you head butts, they are telling you that they love you. That is not the only thing they are doing, though! Cats rub their bodies and cheeks against people and objects to mark their territory and to claim humans, other cats, and various objects as their own. 1．When cats are sick or in pain, what are they likely to do? A．Meow at their owners. B．Rub against your legs. C．Purr and refuse food. D．Hold their tail straight up. 2．What may a cat show when it hides its tail between legs? A．Insecurity. B．Depression. C．Curiosity. D．Happiness. 3．Who provides this text most probably? A．A cat sitter B．A cat owner. C．An animal shelter. D．A pet healthcare centre. （24-25九年级下·江苏徐州·开学考试） These days, the robotaxi from Baidu’s Apollo Go becomes quite popular. People can call the taxi using an app on their phone called Luobo Kuaipao. There is no driver in the car, but it can take you anywhere you want to go. Many people try the new way to travel around. They think it is cheap, comfortable and convenient (便利的). ▲ In order to let more people use its robotaxi, Luobo Kuaipao offers a great discount (折扣). For example, one person only paid 26.52 yuan for a 28-kilometre, 64-minute trip in Wuhan, as the app offered a discount of more than a hundred yuan. The low cost draws many people to the robotaxi. This has made some taxi drivers feel worried and they said that the car completely took their jobs. The number of their orders has greatly dropped. The robotaxi also brings about other problems. A video showed that a robotaxi in Wuhan stopped in front of a bag on the road, causing a traffic jam. In another video, two robotaxis were facing each other, not knowing what to do next. What’s worse, a robotaxi caused an accident because it didn’t see a person on the road. And even after the accident, people didn’t know who was responsible (负责任的) for it. Robotaxi companies think it’s important to make roads safer, so they are working hard to improve their products and work out the problems. 1．How can people take a robotaxi? A．By being a driver. B．By using a mobile app. C．By waving (挥手) to it. D．By buying one. 2．Which sentence can be put in ▲ ? A．Why do people think like that? B．It’s the best way to get around. C．Few people don’t agree with them. D．However, the taxi also worries some people. 3．What do we know about Luobo Kuaipao? A．It helps people save much time. B．Some taxi drivers don’t like it. C．Rides in its robotaxis cost more than other taxis. D．Most people worry that its robotaxis are not safe. 4．Why does the writer talk about some videos in Paragraph 4? A．To offer ideas of improving robotaxis. B．To tell readers how the robotaxi works. C．To teach people how to take a robotaxi. D．To show robotaxis can cause problems. （24-25九年级下·江苏盐城·开学考试）In the United States, people like to say “Thank you” when others help them or say something kind to them. People of many other countries do so, too. It is a very good habit. You should say “Thank you” when someone passes you something on the table, when someone opens the door for you, when someone says you have done your work well, or you have bought a nice thing, or your city is very beautiful. “Thank you” is used not only between friends, but also between parents and children, brothers and sisters, husbands and wives. “Excuse me” is another short sentence they use. When you hear someone say so behind you, you know that somebody wants to walk past you without touching you. It’s not polite to interrupt (打断) others when they are talking. If you want to speak to one of them, say “Excuse me” first, and then begin talking. You should also do so when you want to cough or make any unpleasant noise before others. Let's all learn to say “Thank you” and “Excuse me”. 1．People say “Thank you” in the US and ________ countries. A．some other B．all other C．the other D．other 2．People usually say “Thank you” when ________. A．someone opens the door for them B．someone makes them unhappy C．someone doesn’t pass them something D．someone is smoking 3．From the passage we know “Thank you” is ________. A．widely used in the world B．used more often than “Excuse me” C．used only by Americans D．used only between friends 4．When you want to cough before others, you should say “__________” first. A．I’m sorry B．Thank you C．Excuse me D．I'm happy 5．It’s polite ________ when someone is talking. A．to interrupt others B．not to interrupt others C．to walk past without touching him D．to cough loudly （24-25九年级下·江苏盐城·开学考试）In many English families, people eat four meals a day: breakfast, lunch, tea and dinner. People have breakfast at any time from seven to nine in the morning. They eat porridge, eggs or bread. English people drink tea or coffee at breakfast. Lunch comes at one o’clock. Afternoon tea is from four to five in the afternoon and dinner is about half past seven. First they have soup, then they have meat or fish with vegetables. After that they eat some other things, like bananas, apples or oranges. But not all English people eat like that. Some of them have their dinner in the middle of the day. Their meals are breakfast, dinner, tea and supper and all these meals are very simple. 1．Many English people have ________ meals a day. A．two B．three C．four D．five 2．People may have ________ for their breakfast. A．tea and eggs B．hamburgers and tea C．coffee and salad D．eggs and fish 3．People have lunch at ________. A．any time B．nine C．five D．one o’clock 4．People don’t have ________ for their dinner. A．bananas or apples B．soup or meat C．porridge D．fish or vegetables 5．Some English people have their dinner in the middle of the day, so their meals are very ________. A．simple B．delicious C．much D．many （24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·期末） What Middle School Kids Can Do! SmartWander Sock When he was 14, Ken decided to find a way to help his grandfather, who suffered from Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔茨海默病). He noticed his grandfather might get hurt, or he could walk around and get lost. Ken invented SmartWander socks to remind family members whenever his grandfather started moving. The idea worked well and became popular. Solar-Powered Tent Daniela remembers the homeless people she saw on her way to school when she was around age 14. Looking for a way to help them, she worked together with 12 other teenage girls to invent a solar-powered tent. Their tents provided shelter and a source of power for the homeless and for people affected by natural disasters. Tethys Water Tester A 12-year-old girl named Rao invented a device (仪器) to test drinking water for lead (铅) . She learned about a town in Michigan where the drinking water was dangerous. When people drank the water, it caused serious health problems. She wanted to help them. Her invention was faster, less expensive, and easier to make than other methods. Lion Lights At age 11, Richard invented a simple, low-cost, solar-powered device that safely drove hungry lions away from his family’s goats, cows and sheep in Kenya. He noticed that the lions did not come near when he was holding a torch at night to check on the livestock (家畜). He then invented a series of flashing LED lights and spaced them around the livestock pens. His invention was good enough to help many other people in his community and also avoided having to hurt the lions. 1．Ken invented SmartWander socks to help his grandpa remain ________. A．more careful B．safer C．more popular D．healthier 2．A person whose house has been washed away needs ________ most now. A．SmartWander Sock B．Solar-Powered Tent C．Tethys Water Tester D．Tent Lion Lights 3．Rao’s invention is to ________ according to the passage. A．help to reduce the water pollution in Michigan B．check whether there is any lead in drinking water C．reduce the cost of checking people’s drinking water D．tell people it’s unhealthy to drink the water with lead 4．What does Richard use LED lights to do? A．To let the farmers see the lions. B．To let the livestocks see the lions. C．To drive away the lions safely. D．To kill the lions without any sound. 5．Who is the passage most likely written for? A．Doctors. B．Teenagers. C．Scientists. D．Businessmen. （24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·期末） Facing a poster of a horror movie, some people can’t wait to enjoy it while some quickly close their eyes, hoping for removing the picture from minds. Most of us simply consider that different reactions (反应) are down to their different characters. Dr. Sherry, from Dalhousie University, says it is the brain which shape our reactions to fear. According to Sherry, the brains of the people who love scary movies seem to need a lot more excitement. That’s because their excitability (兴奋性) is born staying low. Thus, their brains are naturally hunting for the chance to deal with that difference in them. That’s why some people are willing to pay a lot of money to jump out of an airplane. But not all of these people want to be in real danger. So, they choose to watch scary movies instead. My friend, Peter, an expert in skateboarding, loves watching scary movies as well. “Both horror movies and challenging skateboard movements offer my brain excitement,” he says. “Other people avoid meeting horrors just because their brains usually have a really strong startle response (惊跳反应) , so when something scares them, they get hurt badly, no matter on their bodies or spirits.” Sherry says. “They are often thought to be more overreaction to unpleasant experience like being scared while watching a horror film.” “One of my friends, Miya had to be in hospital for special treatment last week, simply because of catching sight of a scary picture in a horror movie.” But there’s also something interesting. Dr. Sherry says that if people keep watching scary movies a lot, they might not be as scared anymore. Our brain can get used to the scary things. So, in the end, whether we like or dislike scary movies depends on our brains and how they deal with fear and excitement. It’s different from one to another, and that’s what makes us special when it comes to choosing movies. 1．According to Sherry, some people willingly choose horror films because of ________. A．the force from friends B．their born low excitability C．the attraction from the poster D．their own special characters 2．Which paragraphs give the reasons why people have different reactions to horror films? A．Paragraphs 1&2. B．Paragraphs 2&3. C．Paragraphs 3&4. D．Paragraphs 4&5. 3．According to Paragraph 2, why do some people choose to watch scary films instead of jumping out of an airplane? A．Because they don’t want to be in the real danger. B．Because they don’t have enough money for airplanes. C．Because they can find different kinds of excitements in scary films. D．Because they can’t feel the excitement of jumping out of airplanes. 4．What does the prefix “over” in the underline word “overreaction” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．More than necessary. B．Less than necessary. C．More than can be afforded. D．Less than can be afforded. 5．This passage is probably from _________. A．a comic book B．a sports newspaper C．a movie guide D．a scientific magazine （24-25九年级上·江苏南京·期末） Artwork is lovely to look at, and it has the power to make people feel and think differently. But do you know that when people see a real work of art, rather than just looking at a photo of it, they are likely to experience stronger emotions (情绪)? Scientists recently carried out a study at the Mauritshuis museum in The Hague, a city in the Netherlands. The museum is home to Girl with a Pearl Earring, a very famous painting by Dutch artist Johannes Vermeer. It was painted in 1665. ① The researchers used eye-tracking equipment and a brain scanner to watch how people reacted to several paintings. First, the volunteers were asked to look at the real paintings on display, and then at photos of the artworks in the museum shop. ② It was shown that their emotional reactions (反应) were 10 times stronger when they looked at the real paintings. The most active part of the brain while looking at the artworks was the area that controls people’s personal identity (身份) and consciousness (意识). ③ How did that happen? By study, people may experience something called a “sustained attentional loop” when they watched a certain painting. The volunteers’ attention was first drawn to the girl’s left eye, then her mouth, then to her pearl earring. This certain order of eye movements repeated in a continuous loop. Each time they completed the cycle, their focus became stronger and their connection with Girl with a Pearl Earring was deeper, which meant that people stared at the painting for longer. Martin de Munnik, one of the researchers in this study, said, “That means you have to pay attention whether you want to or not.” It was as if the painting itself had a power to hold the viewers’ attention and guide their eye movement in a very involuntary (无意识的) way. ④ The director of the Mauritshuis, Martine Gosselink, said that the study shows how important it is to go and see art in real life, whether it’s paintings, photography or dancing. She added, “it really helps develop your brain.” The researchers are now eager to broaden their study, planning to visit other museums and do similar experiments on works like the Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci. 1．What is the purpose of the study? A．To explain different ways to study a painting. B．To check people’s interest in museum paintings. C．To find differences between a painting and its photo. D．To watch people’s reactions to real art and its photos. 2．We can put the following sentence “The team also found that the group reacted even more strongly to Girl with a Pearl Earring.” in ______. A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 3．How does the writer introduce the “sustained attentional loop”? A．By giving an example. B．By telling a story. C．By listing numbers. D．By offering advice. 4．Why was Mona Lisa mentioned at the end of the passage? A．To introduce a world-famous art work. B．To explain the plan for further research. C．To show the researchers’love for it. D．To prove its influence on people’s brain. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．The Power of Real Works of Art B．Lessons from Real Works of Art C．The Way to Enjoy Real Works of Art D．A Visit to Real Works of Art （24-25九年级下·江苏泰州·开学考试）Learning English may not be so difficult as you imagine. You can learn it with your phone. There are some useful apps for you. Hello EnglishIntroduction: If you have experience of learning English, choose this app. You will have a test first, and then start English lessons based on your test results. Hello English uses games to teach English lessons. It also offers new books and latest news. Cost: Free Platform (平台): iOS, Android and Windows Fluent UIntroduction: This app includes English videos from the real world, such as news and music— to help you learn English. In this app, you can learn English in a real situation. Cost: First 3 days are free, and then you need to pay monthly. Platform: Android and iOS DuolingoIntroduction: This app turns study into a game. You can learn English, French and Russian in it. You can keep an online pet owl and it can encourage you to learn together. When you have questions, ask other students by sending messages. Cost: Free Platform: iOS, Android and Windows Rosetta StoneIntroduction: Rosetta Stone aims at helping you improve vocabulary, grammar and spoken English. It offers advice on your pronunciation. You can also download lessons to learn. Cost: First 7 days are free, and then pay ¥288 for VIP every year. Platform: Android and iOS Are you interested in them? Turn on your phone and download one in your App store! 1．Who will choose to use app Hello English? A．Local Russian speakers. B．Foreign Russian speakers. C．New English learners. D．Experienced English learners. 2．How often should you pay for the app Fluent U? A．Every day. B．Every month. C．Every year. D．Never. 3．What is special about Duolingo? A．An owl can be a partner of the users. B．The users must pay for the app. C．An owl can play games with the users. D．The users can listen to songs. 4．Which app can help us practice grammar? A．Hello English. B．Fluent U. C．Duolingo. D．Rosetta Stone. 5．How can you try these apps if you are interested in one of them? A．By visiting the computer store. B．By reading English books. C．By downloading it from the App store. D．By searching for the English website. （24-25九年级上·江苏南通·期末）①The scientific method is used for simple experiments that students may do in the classroom or very difficult experiments that scientists are doing all over the world. It is a way of thinking that helps you to avoid drawing incorrect conclusions. There are usually four steps in the scientific method, including observation (观察), hypothesis (假设), experiment, and conclusion. ②The steps may not always be completed in the same order, but the first step is usually observation and asking a question about your observation. You may have the experience that you had a sick stomach, and ate a candy bar. An hour later, you observed that you felt much better. Here, you can ask a question, such as, “What makes a sick stomach feel better?” ③The second step is to state a possible answer to the question, or a hypothesis, such as “________”. A good hypothesis includes three things: The explanation for the observations, it is able to be tested, and it will usually predict new results or conclusions. ④The third step is the experiment, to test the hypothesis. An experiment is a test which will either challenge or support the hypothesis. The hypothesis will then be true or false. ⑤The final step is to think about what happened when you tested the hypothesis and draw a conclusion. The conclusion will either clearly support the hypothesis or it will not. If the results support the hypothesis, a conclusion can be written and you can share it with the rest of the world. If it does not support the hypothesis, you may choose to change the hypothesis or write a new one based on what was learned during the experiment. ⑥In most cases, the scientific method is an iterative (迭代的) process. In other words, it’s a cycle rather than a straight line. The result of one go-round becomes feedback that improves the next round of question asking. 1．How does the writer make us better understand the first step in Paragraph 2? A．By asking some questions. B．By giving an example. C．By comparing differences. D．By presenting reasons. 2．Which sentence can be put into “________” in Paragraph 3? A．It is the medicine which makes you feel better. B．A candy bar can make a sick stomach feel better. C．Eat a candy bar again, and see what happens next. D．Ask people if eating a candy bar makes them better. 3．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 4．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．The observation based on the hypothesis is the first step. B．The four steps will be completed perfectly in the same order. C．The conclusion will support the observation and the experiment. D．The hypothesis will be proved to be true or false through an experiment. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$