精品解析：北京市中国人民大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三下学期2月统练英语试题

2025届高三2月统一练习 英 语 说明：本试卷共8页，共100分；考试时间90分钟；请在答题卡上填写个人信息，并将条形码贴在答题卡的相应位置上。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分， 共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 By the age of seven we moved to an area where I met a girl called Safina, who was a bit younger than me, and we started to play together. She was a pampered girl who had lots of dolls and a shoebox full of toy jewelry. But she kept ___1___ the pink plastic pretend mobile phone my father had bought me, which was one of the few toys I had. One day it disappeared. A few days later I saw Safina playing with a phone exactly the same as mine. When asked, she told me she bought it in the bazaar. I ___2___ now she could have told the truth but back then I thought, “She is doing this to me and I will get back at her”. I used to go to her house to study, so whenever I was there, I would ___3___ her belongings, mostly earrings and necklaces. One afternoon I came home from school and rushed into the kitchen as usual for a snack. My mother was sitting on the floor pounding spices. Her eyes would not meet mine. What had I done? Feeling ___4___ , I went to my room. On opening my cupboard, I noticed all the items I had taken were gone. I had been ___5___ . My cousin entered my room to inform me that my mother knew I had been stealing. I felt a terrible ___6___ feeling in my stomach. I walked back to my mother with my head bowed. “What you did was wrong,” she said. “You are bringing ___7___ on us.” “Safina started it” I protested. “She took the pink phone that dad bought me. ” My mother was ___8___ “Safina is younger than you and you should have set an example,” she said. I started crying, repeatedly apologized and begged her not to tell dad. It’s horrible to feel unworthy in the eyes of your parents. My mother and father share everything so he soon knew what happened. My father consoled me by ___9___ the mistakes great heroes made in their youth, and cited Mahatma Gandhi’s words to ease my embarrassment, “Freedom is not worth having if it does not include the freedom to make ___10___ .” I promised myself’d never do such a thing again. 1. A. holding back B. eyeing up C. checking out D. setting down 2. A. doubt B. object C. realize D. claim 3. A. pocket B. hunt C. pack D. hide 4. A. annoyed B. uneasy C. disappointed D. frightened 5. A. found B. spotted C. caught D. suspected 6. A. aching B. unlucky C. regretful D. sinking 7. A. rumor B. shame C. trouble D. pain 8. A. unchanged B. uninterested C. unguarded D. unmoved 9. A. correcting B. recounting C. memorizing D. observing 10. A. mistakes B. apologies C. breakthroughs D. adaptations 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者小时候因为嫉妒和报复心理，偷拿了朋友Safina的东西，最终被母亲发现并受到教育的故事。 【1题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但她一直盯着我父亲给我买的粉色塑料假手机，那是我为数不多的玩具之一。A. holding back抑制；B. eyeing up打量；C. checking out查看；D. setting down放下。根据后文“A few days later I saw Safina playing with a phone exactly the same as mine. When asked, she told me she bought it in the bazaar.”可知，几天后，Safina拿着和作者一样的手机，所以此处应是盯着作者手机看，她也想有一个。故选B项。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我现在意识到她可能说的是实话，但当时我想，“她这样对我，我要报复她”。A. doubt怀疑；B. object反对；C. realize意识到；D. claim声称。根据后文“but back then I thought, “She is doing this to me and I will get back at her”.”可知，作者当时认为她说谎了，想要报复他，根据转折，推知现在意识到她可能说的是实话。故选C项。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我过去经常去她家学习，所以只要我在那里，我就会把她的东西装进口袋，主要是耳环和项链。A. pocket把……放进衣袋；B. hunt狩猎；C. pack打包；D. hide隐藏。根据后文“On opening my cupboard, I noticed all the items I had taken were gone.”可知，作者拿了Safina的东西。故选A项。 【4题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到不安，就回到自己的房间。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. uneasy不安的；C. disappointed失望的；D. frightened害怕的。根据前文“My mother was sitting on the floor pounding spices. Her eyes would not meet mine. What had I done?”可知，母亲的目光不愿与作者相遇，不知道自己做错了什么，所以作者感到不安。故选B项。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被抓住了。A. found找到；B. spotted发现，认出；C. caught抓住；D. suspected怀疑。根据前文“On opening my cupboard, I noticed all the items I had taken were gone.”可知，作者发现她偷得东西都不见了，所以是被抓住了。故选C项。 【6题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到心里一阵难受的沉重感。A. aching疼痛的；B. unlucky不幸的；C. regretful后悔的；D. sinking沮丧的。根据前文“My cousin entered my room to inform me that my mother knew I had been stealing.”可知，母亲知道作者在偷东西，所以是感到一阵难受的沉重感。故选D项。 【7题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你使我们蒙羞了。A. rumor谣言；B. shame羞愧；C. trouble麻烦；D. pain痛苦。根据前文“My cousin entered my room to inform me that my mother knew I had been stealing.”可知，母亲知道作者偷东西，所以觉得作者使一家蒙羞。故选B项。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：母亲不为所动，“Safina比你小，你应该以身作则，”她说。A. unchanged未改变的；B. uninterested不感兴趣的；C. unguarded无防备的；D. unmoved无动于衷的。根据前文““Safina started it,” I protested. “She took the pink phone that dad bought me. ””以及后文“Safina is younger than you and you should have set an example”可知，作者想把错误推给Safina，但是母亲无动于衷。故选D项。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲安慰我，向我讲述了伟大的英雄们年轻时所犯的错误，并引用了圣雄甘地的话来缓解我的尴尬：“如果不包括犯错的自由，自由就不值得拥有。”我向自己保证再也不做这样的事了。A. correcting纠正；B. recounting叙述；C. memorizing记忆；D. observing观察。根据后文“the mistakes great heroes made in their youth”结合选项可知，应是“讲述了伟大的英雄们年轻时所犯的错误”符合语境。故选B项。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：父亲安慰我，向我讲述了伟大的英雄们年轻时所犯的错误，并引用了圣雄甘地的话来缓解我的尴尬：“如果不包括犯错的自由，自由就不值得拥有。”我向自己保证再也不做这样的事了。A. mistakes错误；B. apologies道歉；C. breakthroughs突破；D. adaptations适应。根据前文“the mistakes great heroes made in their youth”可知，本文主要讲述的是犯错。故选A项。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 When life feels difficult, humor can be a coping mechanism ___11___ relieves stress and offers the breathing room to keep going, scientists say. Sometimes, spontaneously laughing when feeling like the sky is falling can help one deal with difficult emotions. “There is this unconscious way that many people engage humor ___12___ thinking about it,” says Steven, a clinical psychologist. He explains that stress may cause someone to feel anxious or angry but humor has the power to transform those feelings into ___13___ feels like a moment of joy, lightness or connection. 【答案】11. that##which 12. without 13. what 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要说明了幽默在应对生活困难时的作用，是一种能够缓解压力并提供继续前行空间的应对机制。 【11题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：科学家称，当生活感到困难时，幽默可以作为一种应对机制，缓解压力，为继续前进提供喘息的空间。空处引导定语从句，先行词是a coping mechanism，在从句中作主语，用which或者that引导。故填which或者that。 【12题详解】 考查介词。句意：临床心理学家史蒂文说：“有一种无意识的方式，许多人不加思考地参与幽默。”根据前文“unconscious way”可知，无意识的方式，也就是不加思考的，所以空处应填介词without意为“没有”符合语境。故填without。 【13题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：他解释说，压力可能会让人感到焦虑或愤怒，但幽默有能力将这些感觉转化为快乐、轻松或联系的时刻。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，用what引导。故填what。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Effective monitoring of endangered species is key to their ___14___ (survive). Studying the movement range and habits of wild animals is essential to ensure that their habitat ___15___ (remain) free from development and illegal hunters. If an animal ___16___ (spot) just once, and the characteristics of its footprints are properly photographed and measured, its footprint can be recognized whenever ___17___ (sight) again. If that is done repeatedly, conservationists can draw up a database of all. 【答案】14. survival  15. remains 16. is spotted 17. sighted 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了对濒危物种进行有效监测的重要性，以及监测濒危物种的具体方法。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：对濒危物种的有效监测是它们生存的关键。空前是形容词性物主代词，所以空处应填名词，survive的名词形式是survival。故填survival。 【15题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：研究野生动物的活动范围和习性对于确保它们的栖息地不受开发和非法捕猎至关重要。本句是that引导的宾语从句，remain作从句谓语，主语their habitat为第三人称单数，描述客观事实，用一般现在时。故填remains。 【16题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：如果一只动物只被发现一次，并适当地拍摄和测量其足迹的特征，那么每当再次看到它时，就可以识别出它的足迹。本句是if引导的条件状语从句，spot作从句谓语，和主语animal之间是被动关系，用被动语态，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是单数形式，be动词用is。故填is spotted。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如果一只动物只被发现一次，并适当地拍摄和测量其足迹的特征，那么每当再次看到它时，就可以识别出它的足迹。本句是whenever引导的时间状语从句，完整结构是whenever the characteristics of its footprints are sighted again，当从句主语和主句相同，且从句含有be动词时，从句主语和be动词可省略。故填sighted。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 China has put a strategic focus on developing new quality productive forces in agriculture, ___18___ (signal) a shift toward tailored and technology-driven agricultural growth, experts said. Advanced equipment and green technologies should be integrated into every stage of agricultural production ___19___ (balance) productivity with sustainability. Up to now, substantial progress has been made in tackling core technologies in agriculture. For example, a number of superior genes ___20___ (identify) in seed research. 【答案】18. signaling##signalling 19. to balance 20. have been identified 【解析】 【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国在农业发展上的新战略重点。 【18题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：专家表示，中国已将战略重点放在发展新优质农业生产力上，这标志着农业增长向个性化和技术驱动型转变。本句已有谓语动词has put，所以signal用非谓语形式，此处为非谓语动词作状语，signal和逻辑主语China之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填signaling/signalling。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：先进设备和绿色技术应融入农业生产的每一个阶段，以平衡生产力和可持续性。本句已有谓语动词should be integrated，所以balance用非谓语形式，根据句意，此处表目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to balance。 【20题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：例如，在种子研究中发现了许多优良基因。identify作本句谓语，和主语superior genes之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据前文时间状语Up to now可知，用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为名词复数。故填have been identified。 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14 小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A A unique dual chip design enables the spatial experiences on Apple Vision Pro. The powerful M2 chip simultaneously runs visionOS, executes advanced computer vision algorithms, and delivers stunning graphics, all with incredible efficiency. And the brand-new R1 chip is specifically dedicated to process input from the cameras, sensors, and microphones, streaming images to the displays within 12 milliseconds — for a virtually lag-free, real-time view of the world. Meta Quest 3 is the most powerful Quest device yet. Powered by the Snapdragon® XR2 Gen 2 Platform, the Quest 3 features more than twice the graphics processing performance, breakthrough mixed reality features, and a thinner more balanced fit that will expand your reality. The PS VR2 headset will detect your eye movements, allowing you to interact with other players online in a new and realistic way, resulting in increased emotional responses and expressive sensitivity. Eye-tracking cameras track your gaze as you aim or look around, while advanced point-of-view rendering technology improves the visual experience by adjusting resolution to pinpoint your location and sharpen your focus. PICO 4 is equipped with self-developed high-precision four-eye environmental tracking and infrared optical positioning system, and the optical sensor is further improved to achieve better tracking and positioning effect. PICO motion tracker can achieve 3DoF spatial positioning, tie it to the leg to achieve leg movement tracking, so that you can be more flexible in the virtual world. You just throw your hands away, move your legs, it can catch your every movement. 21. Which unique technological feature of the Apple Vision Pro enables an unprecedented mixed reality experience for users? A. Eye-tracking system. B. Dual-chip design. C. Optical sensors. D. High-definition display. 22. Which of the following statements accurately compares the capabilities of the four products mentioned? A. Apple Vision Pro is the only one with a dualchip design. B. Meta Quest 3 offers the highest graphics processing performance. C. PS VR2 detects eye movements for online interaction. D. PICO 4 lacks a high-precision tracking system. 23. If Simon wanted to buy a product to play a game, which of the following products would be his first choice? A. Apple Vision Pro. B. Meta Quest 3. C. PS VR2. D. PICO 4. 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四款头显产品的特点和各自的优势。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句“ A unique dualchip design enables the spatial experiences on Apple Vision Pro.(独特的双芯片设计使Apple Vision Pro的空间体验成为可能)”和最后一句“And the brand-new R1 chip is specifically dedicated to process input from the cameras, sensors, and microphones, streaming images to the displays within 12 milliseconds — for a virtually lag-free, real-time view of the world.(全新的R1芯片专门用于处理来自摄像头、传感器和麦克风的输入，在12毫秒内将图像流式传输到显示器上，实现几乎无延迟的实时世界视图。)”可知，Apple Vision Pro的双芯片设计为用户提供了前所未有的混合现实体验。故选B项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“A unique dualchip design enables the spatial experiences on Apple Vision Pro.(独特的双芯片设计使Apple Vision Pro的空间体验成为可能。)”可知，A项中的“唯一一款采用双芯片设计”描述准确。根据第二部分的句子“Meta Quest 3 is the most powerful Quest device yet. Powered by the Snapdragon® XR2 Gen 2 Platform, the Quest 3 features more than twice the graphics processing performance, breakthrough mixed reality features, and a thinner more balanced fit that will expand your reality.(Meta Quest 3是迄今为止最强大的任务设备。Quest 3搭载骁龙®XR2 Gen 2平台，图形处理性能提升两倍以上，具有突破性的混合现实功能，更轻薄、更平衡，将扩展您的现实体验)”可知，B项中的“提供最高的图形处理性能”描述不准确。根据第三部分的句子“The PS VR2 headset will detect your eye movements, allowing you to interact with other players online in a new and realistic way, resulting in increased emotional responses and expressive sensitivity.(PS VR2头显将检测你的眼球运动，让你以一种新的和现实的方式与其他玩家在线互动，从而增加情绪反应和表达灵敏度)”可知，PS VR2检测眼球运动是为了让用户以一种新的和现实的方式与其他玩家在线互动，C项“PS VR2检测眼球运动是为了在线互动”不正确。根据最后一部分的句子“PICO 4 is equipped with self-developed high-precision four-eye environmental tracking and infrared optical positioning system, and the optical sensor is further improved to achieve better tracking and positioning effect.(PICO 4配备了自主研发的高精度四眼环境跟踪和红外光学定位系统，并对光学传感器进行了进一步改进，实现了更好的跟踪定位效果)”和“PICO motion tracker can achieve 3DoF spatial positioning, tie it to the leg to achieve leg movement tracking, so that you can be more flexible in the virtual world.(PICO运动跟踪器可以实现3DoF的空间定位，将其绑在腿部上实现腿部运动跟踪，让你在虚拟世界中更加灵活)”可知，D项中“缺乏高精度跟踪系统”描述不准确。故选A项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。四个产品都是虚拟头戴设备和第三部分的句子“The PS VR2 headset will detect your eye movements, allowing you to interact with other players online in a new and realistic way, resulting in increased emotional responses and expressive sensitivity.(PS VR2头显将检测你的眼球运动，让你以一种新的和现实的方式与其他玩家在线互动，从而增加情绪反应和表达灵敏度)”可知，如果Simon想买一个产品来玩游戏，PS VR2会是他的第一选择。故选C项。 B Fish Cheeks By Amy Tan 1987 I fell in love with the minister’s son the winter I turned fourteen. He was not Chinese, but as white as Mary in the manger. For Christmas, I prayed for this blond-haired boy, Robert, and a slim new American nose. When I found out that my parents had invited the minister’s family over for Christmas Eve dinner, I cried. What would Robert think of our shabby Chinese Christmas? What would he think of our noisy Chinese relatives who lacked proper American manners? What terrible disappointment would he feel upon seeing not a roasted turkey and sweet potatoes but Chinese food? On Christmas Eve I saw that my mother had outdone herself in creating a strange menu. The kitchen was littered with appalling mounds of raw food: A slimy (黏糊糊的) rock cod (浔鳕鱼) with bulging eyes, tofu that looked like stacked white sponges, a bowl soaking dried fungus back to life, and squid with crisscrossed knife markings. And then they arrived — the minister’s family and all my relatives in a clamor of doorbells and rumpled Christmas packages. Robert grunted hello, and I pretended he was not worthy of existence. Dinner threw me deeper into despair. My relatives licked the ends of their chopsticks and reached across the table, dipping them into the dozen or so plates of food. Robert and his family waited patiently for platters to be passed to them. My relatives murmured with pleasure when my mother brought out the whole steamed fish. Robert grimaced (脸部扭曲). Then my father poked his chopsticks just below the fish eye and plucked out the soft meat. “Amy, your favorite,” he said, offering me the tender fish cheek. I wanted to disappear. At the end of the meal, my father leaned back and belched (打嗝) loudly, thanking my mother for her fine cooking. “It’s a polite Chinese custom to show you are satisfied,” explained my father to our astonished guests. Robert was looking down at his plate with a reddened face. The minister managed to muster up a quiet burp. I was stunned into silence for the rest of the night. After everyone had gone, my mother said to me, “You want to be the same as American girls on the outside.” She handed me an early gift. It was a miniskirt in beige tweed. “But inside you must always be Chinese. You must be proud you are different. Your only shame is to have shame.” And even though I didn’t agree with her then, I knew that she understood how much I had suffered during the evening’s dinner. It wasn’t until many years later — long after I had gotten over my crush on Robert — that I was able to fully appreciate her lesson and the true purpose behind our particular menu. For Christmas Eve that year, she had chosen all my favorite foods. 24. The author’s descriptions of the food suggest that she _______. A. thought it not festive B. valued her mother’s effort C. viewed it as unappealing D. felt unfamiliar with the menu 25. What made Amy the most embarrassed during the dinner? A. Robert grimaced at the food. B. Her father offered her fish cheek. C. The minister attempted a polite burp. D. Her relatives reached across the table. 26. What was Amy’s mother’s purpose in choosing the menu? A. To bridge the cultural gap. B. To teach family traditions. C. To express a mother’s love. D. To test cultural differences. 27. What has the author learnt in the story? A. Pride lies in accepting who we are. B. Time shapes our understanding. C. Family love conquers all barriers. D. Cultural roots define identity. 【答案】24. C 25. B 26. C 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在14岁的时候，母亲请外国朋友来家吃饭的事情。当时作者为亲戚和父亲在餐桌前的表现感觉非常失望，非常尴尬。但是母亲却告诫她可以外表像美国女孩，而内在仍然要保持中国人的内在品质。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“On Christmas Eve I saw that my mother had outdone herself in creating a strange menu. The kitchen was littered with appalling mounds of raw food: A slimy (黏糊糊的) rock cod (浔鳕鱼) with bulging eyes, tofu that looked like stacked white sponges, a bowl soaking dried fungus back to life, and squid with crisscrossed knife markings.(平安夜那天，我看到母亲为了准备一顿奇特的晚餐，真是费尽了心思。厨房里堆满了令人毛骨悚然的生食材：一条眼睛鼓鼓的、黏糊糊的浔鳕鱼，像叠起来的白色海绵一样的豆腐，一碗泡发的干木耳重获新生，还有切满刀痕的鱿鱼)”可知，作者用了负面的、不吸引人的词汇，表明作者认为这些食物看起来并不吸引人。故选C项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Then my father poked his chopsticks just below the fish eye and plucked out the soft meat. “Amy, your favorite,” he said, offering me the tender fish cheek. I wanted to disappear.(然后我父亲用筷子在鱼眼下方戳了一下，挑出了那块软肉。‘艾米，你最爱吃的，’他说着，把嫩嫩的鱼腮肉递给我。我真想找个地缝钻进去)”可知，父亲把鱼鳃肉夹给作者让作者感到自己想找个地缝钻进去，因此，晚餐时让艾米最尴尬的是她父亲给她鱼腮肉。故选B项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“And even though I didn’t agree with her then, I knew that she understood how much I had suffered during the evening’s dinner. It wasn’t until many years later — long after I had gotten over my crush on Robert — that I was able to fully appreciate her lesson and the true purpose behind our particular menu. For Christmas Eve that year, she had chosen all my favorite foods.(尽管我当时并不同意她的看法，但我知道她理解我那天晚上在晚餐上遭受了多少痛苦。直到许多年后——早在我对罗伯特的迷恋消失之后——我才能够完全领会她的教诲，以及我们那顿特别晚餐背后的真正意义。那年平安夜，她选择的都是我最爱吃的食物)”可知，母亲为她选择了所有她最喜欢的食物作为圣诞晚餐的菜单，这表明母亲的目的是表达母爱。故选C项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“After everyone had gone, my mother said to me, “You want to be the same as American girls on the outside.” She handed me an early gift. It was a miniskirt in beige tweed. “But inside you must always be Chinese. You must be proud you are different. Your only shame is to have shame.”(等大家都走后，母亲对我说：‘你外表想和美国女孩一样。’她递给我一份早到的礼物。那是一条米色粗花呢迷你裙。‘但内心你要永远是个中国人。你要为自己与众不同而感到骄傲。你唯一的羞耻就是有羞耻感。’)”可推知，作者的母亲告诉她要为自己与众不同而感到骄傲，唯一的羞耻是有羞耻感。作者后来意识到母亲的话的道理，即要接受并珍视自己的身份和文化背景。因此，作者从这个故事中学到的是“骄傲在于接受我们自己是谁”。故选A项。 C Unless we pursue AI carefully, the Nobel Committee will one day give a Peace Prize to the people cleaning up its terrible consequences, just as it did with nuclear physics. This year’s Nobel Prizes celebrate both works relating to artificial intelligence and efforts by the group Nihon Hidankyo to end the nuclear war. It was a striking parallel. Last century, the Nobel Committees awarded prizes in physics for uncovering the structure of atoms, which enabled the development and subsequent deployment of nuclear weapons. Similarly, artificial intelligence begins as fundamental research in computer science, yet its development poses a wide spectrum of societal risks, including misinformation, job displacement, and surveillance. About 80 years ago, hundreds of top scientists joined the Manhattan Project in a race to build an atomic weapon before the Nazis did. Yet after Germany surrendered, the project continued and only one scientist, Joseph Rotblat, left the project. After the war he returned to physics, focusing on medical uses of radiation, and became a leader in the nuclear antiproliferation movement. Looking back, Rotblat explained “You get yourself involved in a certain way and forget you are a human being. It becomes an addiction, and you just go on for the sake of producing a gadget without thinking about the consequences. And then, having done this, you find some justification for having produced it. Not the other way around. ” Though written decades ago, these words are a frighteningly accurate description of the prevailing ethos in AI research today. Fortunately, now, as then, there are thoughtful, grounded individuals who stand out in the development of AI. Ed Newton-Rex resigned last year from his position leading the music team at Stability AI, over the company’s insistence on creating generative. AI models trained on copyrighted data without paying for that use. This year, Suchir Balaji resigned as a researcher at OpenAI over similar concerns. At a 2018 internal meeting, Meredith Whittaker voiced concerns about a project to develop AI to power military drone targeting and surveillance and eventually succeeded in pressuring Google to drop it. When the Nobel Prize Committees choose which people among those working on AI to award, they set a powerful incentive for the AI researchers of today and tomorrow. We can start by looking past those focused on the rapid development of capabilities, instead following the lead of those who insist on engaging with the context of their work and who have the capacity not only to evaluate but also to respond to changing circumstances. As the nuclear era teaches us, right now is the time to carefully evaluate what applications of scientific discovery and whom among today's scientists reflect the values not of the world in which we currently live but the one which we hope to inhabit. 28. The author quotes Joseph Rotblat mainly to _______. A. challenge an assumption B. suggest an alternative C. make a comparison D. illustrate a point 29. It is implied in the passage that _______. A. collaboration between different parties is essential for responsible AI development B. the development of AI could potentially lead to unforeseen global crises C. AI researchers have lost control of their own creations D. the Nobel Prize should stop awarding AI researchers 30 What does the word “ethos” underlined in paragraph 5 most probably mean? A. Challenge B. Motivation C. Spirit D. Force 【答案】28. D 29. B 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是议论文。文章通过类比核物理的发展，指出人工智能（AI）发展带来的社会风险不容忽视。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Looking back, Rotblat explained “You get yourself involved in a certain way and forget you are a human being. It becomes an addiction, and you just go on for the sake of producing a gadget without thinking about the consequences. And then, having done this, you find some justification for having produced it. Not the other way around. ” (回顾过去，罗特布拉特解释说：“你以某种方式参与其中，却忘记了自己是一个人。这变成了一种瘾，你只是为了制造一种小玩意儿而继续下去，而没有思考其后果。然后，在做完之后，你为自己制造它找到了一些理由。而不是反过来。”)”以及第五段“Though written decades ago, these words are a frighteningly accurate description of the prevailing ethos in AI research today. Fortunately, now, as then, there are thoughtful, grounded individuals who stand out in the development of AI. Ed Newton-Rex resigned last year from his position leading the music team at Stability AI, over the company's insistence on creating generative. (尽管这些话是几十年前写的，但它们却惊人地准确地描述了当今AI研究中的主流风气。幸运的是，现在和那时一样，有一些有思想、脚踏实地的人在AI的发展中脱颖而出。去年，艾德·牛顿-雷克斯因公司坚持在未支付版权使用费的情况下使用版权数据训练生成式AI模型，而辞去了他在Stability AI领导音乐团队的职位。)”可知，通过引用Rotblat的观点，作者旨在说明当前AI研究领域存在类似核物理发展中的盲目性，即技术开发优先于伦理反思。因此，引用Rotblat的目的是通过历史案例阐明当前问题的核心。故选D项。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Unless we pursue AI carefully, the Nobel Committee will one day give a Peace Prize to the people cleaning up its terrible consequences, just as it did with nuclear physics. This year’s Nobel Prizes celebrate both works relating to artificial intelligence and efforts by the group Nihon Hidankyo to end the nuclear war. (除非我们谨慎地追求人工智能（AI）的发展，否则有一天，诺贝尔奖委员会将会把和平奖颁给那些清理其可怕后果的人，就像它曾经对核物理领域所做的一样。今年的诺贝尔奖既表彰了与人工智能相关的工作，也表彰了日本隐藏原子弹受害者团体（Nihon Hidankyo）为结束核战所做的努力。)”以及第二段“It was a striking parallel. Last century, the Nobel Committees awarded prizes in physics for uncovering the structure of atoms, which enabled the development and subsequent deployment of nuclear weapons. Similarly, artificial intelligence begins as fundamental research in computer science, yet its development poses a wide spectrum of societal risks, including misinformation, job displacement, and surveillance. (这是一个惊人的相似之处。上世纪，诺贝尔奖委员会因揭示原子结构而颁发物理学奖，这一发现促进了核武器的发展和随后的部署。同样地，人工智能起源于计算机科学的基础研究，但其发展带来了一系列广泛的社会风险，包括误导信息、就业替代和监控。)”可知，作者在文中暗示人工智能的发展可能会导致无法预见的全球危机。故选B项。 【30题详解】 词句猜测题。根据前文“Looking back, Rotblat explained “You get yourself involved in a certain way and forget you are a human being. It becomes an addiction, and you just go on for the sake of producing a gadget without thinking about the consequences. And then, having done this, you find some justification for having produced it. Not the other way around. ” (回顾过去，罗特布拉特解释说：“你以某种方式参与其中，却忘记了自己是一个人。这变成了一种瘾，你只是为了制造一种小玩意儿而继续下去，而没有思考其后果。然后，在做完之后，你为自己制造它找到了一些理由。而不是反过来。”)”以及后文“Fortunately, now, as then, there are thoughtful, grounded individuals who stand out in the development of AI. Ed Newton-Rex resigned last year from his position leading the music team at Stability AI, over the company's insistence on creating generative. (幸运的是，现在和那时一样，有一些有思想、脚踏实地的人在AI的发展中脱颖而出。去年，艾德·牛顿-雷克斯因公司坚持在未支付版权使用费的情况下使用版权数据训练生成式AI模型，而辞去了他在Stability AI领导音乐团队的职。位)”可知，Rotblat的话精准描述了当今AI研究中的“ethos”。根据上下文，这种“ethos”指科学家在技术开发中过度追求成果而忽视后果的倾向，即一种行业内的普遍风气或精神，和C项意思相近。故选C项。 D In 1979, Archie Cochrane published an essay criticizing his fellow doctors. “It is surely a great criticism of our profession,” he wrote, “that we have not organized a critical summary, by specialty or subspecialty, adapted periodically, of all relevant randomized controlled trials. ” The idea of “organizing a critical summary” may not seem a groundbreaking concept, yet Cochrane had struck at the heart of the matter. The basic building block of evidence in medicine is the randomized trial, as Cochrane understood. But some trials are flawed, others may have vanished from the academic record, unpublished because they didn’t yield the hoped-for results. Even when trials are reported, the most robust evidence comes from synthesizing them. Proper synthesis can turn inconclusive trials into a conclusive result, yet to turn those trials into a structured body of knowledge takes work. In 1993, Sir Iain Chalmers founded Cochrane, a non-profit now listing over 9, 000 systematic reviews. But in fields like education or policing, the picture is less rosy. Education is arguably of comparable importance to health for any government. Yet, the UK government spends 18 times as much on research into health than it does on research into education - or, to put it another way, education research is underfunded by 10 percent. If anything, that paints too optimistic a picture of research into social policy, because other countries spend even less. And, perhaps, education research is probably the best of the rest when it comes to research funding. The Campbell Collaboration, which aims to do for social policy what Cochrane does for medicine, boasts just 231 systematic reviews - reflecting that social policy research enjoys a fraction of the money and attention lavished on medicine. More than a lack of spending, there’s a reluctance to support the infrastructure of systematic reviews, or to fund their updates into “living evidence reviews”. Take the 3ie (International Initiative for Impact Evaluation), admired for its Development Evidence Portal, which struggles for steady funding. The portal could run for a year at less cost than a typical study evaluating its effectiveness, yet “public goods tend by their nature to be underfunded.” On the bright side, more than f50mn of funding for evidence synthesis was recently announced. This modest funding could significantly contribute to building an “evidence bank” for policymakers. Systematic reviews bridge the gap between researchers and policymakers. Researchers focus on specific interventions, while policymakers address broader problems. By synthesizing relevant research, systematic reviews can answer policymaker questions. Furthermore, evidence synthesis highlights “ known unknowns” - gaps in research that can be filled through targeted funding, rather than more studies of familiar topics. As Eleanor Chelimsky, one of the 20th century’s great policy evaluators explained, “I hoped that synthesis could dramatize, for our legislative users, not only what was, in fact, known, but also what was not known.” Dramatizing our ignorance is one of the most valuable things an evidence review can do. 31. What was Archie Cochrane’s major concern? A. Organizing medical summaries was seen as unworthy. B. Doctors failed to put medical trials into summaries. C. The medical profession received widespread criticism. D. Medical trials were too flawed to be published. 32. What be inferred from the passage? A. Education should be the top priority in research funding. B. Social policy research funding has increased significantly. C. Systematic reviews help make research funding more focused. D. The 3ie portal was underfunded due to poor effectiveness evaluation. 33. What’s the author’s attitude towards “synthesis dramatizing the unknown”? A. Torn between. B. Radically oppose. C. Cautious optimism. D. Enthusiastic approval. 34. Which of the following would be the best title for the article? A. The Downfall of Systematic Reviews: Why They’re Outdated B. Rethinking Systematic Reviews: A Call for Broader Application C. Uncovering the Untold Story: The Importance of Evidence Synthesis D. From Criticism to Collaboration: The Evolution of Evidence Synthesis 【答案】31. B 32. C 33. D 34. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是议论文。文章主要讨论了系统化综述在医学和社会政策领域的重要性，以及当前在资金支持和基础设施建设方面存在的问题。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1979, Archie Cochrane published an essay criticizing his fellow doctors. “It is surely a great criticism of our profession,” he wrote, “that we have not organized a critical summary, by speciality or subspecialty, adapted periodically, of all relevant randomized controlled trials. ” The idea of “organizing a critical summary” may not seem a groundbreaking concept, yet Cochrane had struck at the heart of the matter. (1979年，阿奇·科克伦发表了一篇批评他的医生同行的文章。他写道：“这无疑是对我们这一专业的一大批评，我们没有按专业或亚专业组织一份批评性的总结，定期改编所有相关的随机对照试验。”“组织一篇批判性摘要”的想法似乎不是一个开创性的概念，但科克伦击中了问题的核心。)”可知，阿奇·科克伦最关心的是医生们没有把医学试验总结出来。故选B项。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Systematic reviews bridge the gap between researchers and policymakers. Researchers focus on specific interventions, while policymakers address broader problems. By synthesizing relevant research, systematic reviews can answer policymaker questions. Furthermore, evidence synthesis highlights “ known unknowns” - gaps in research that can be filled through targeted funding, rather than more studies of familiar topics. (系统评价弥合了研究人员和决策者之间的差距。研究人员关注具体的干预措施，而政策制定者则关注更广泛的问题。通过综合相关研究，系统评价可以回答决策者的问题。此外，证据综合强调了“已知的未知”——可以通过有针对性的资助来填补的研究空白，而不是对熟悉的主题进行更多的研究。)”可知，系统评价有助于使研究资金更加集中。故选C项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Dramatizing our ignorance is one of the most valuable things an evidence review can do. (把我们的无知戏剧化是证据审查能做的最有价值的事情之一。)”可知，作者对“合成揭示未知”持热情支持的态度。故选D项。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。根据倒数第三段“Systematic reviews bridge the gap between researchers and policymakers. Researchers focus on specific interventions, while policymakers address broader problems. By synthesizing relevant research, systematic reviews can answer policymaker questions. Furthermore, evidence synthesis highlights “ known unknowns” - gaps in research that can be filled through targeted funding, rather than more studies of familiar topics. (系统评价弥合了研究人员和决策者之间的差距。研究人员关注具体的干预措施，而政策制定者则关注更广泛的问题。通过综合相关研究，系统评价可以回答决策者的问题。此外，证据综合强调了“已知的未知”——可以通过有针对性的资助来填补的研究空白，而不是对熟悉的主题进行更多的研究。)”以及纵观全文可知，文章主要讨论了证据合成（即系统评价）的重要性，包括其在医学和社会政策领域的应用，以及它如何帮助政策制定者做出更明智的决策。因此，C项“揭示未说出的故事：证据合成的重要性”是最适合这篇文章的标题。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Admittedly, complex writing that uses rich vocabulary and vivid figurative language can wow readers. But it isn’t the only mark of a good writer. Another skill that’s of equal importance is the ability to convey ideas in plain language. ___35___ To write in plain language, there are some general guidelines for you to follow. ___36___ The only details they include are those necessary for the reader to understand the sentences’ meaning. For example, the sign “Wait behind the yellow line.” at a train platform includes “yellow” so travelers know where to stand. Plain language avoids using vocabulary that requires specialized knowledge. If you work in IT, you can comfortably use the word “latency” with your colleagues. ___37___ But when speaking with someone without an IT background, you might instead use “slow” to ensure that they know what you’re talking about. Plain language is more than word choices, though. ___38___ This can be achieved in the following ways. For example, use clear headers for each section and keep paragraphs focused on one idea each. Make the relationships between ideas and sentences clear with transition words. Write directly to your reader. Additionally, use the active voice whenever possible to enhance clarity. It is important to note that not every guideline for plain writing will apply to every piece of writing. The ultimate goal is to create contents that are accessible and easily understood. By using plain language, you demonstrate respect for your readers’ time and intelligence. ___39___ A. That is because they know what it means. B. Thus, it develops positive relationships with them. C. It also involves structuring writing to prioritize clarity. D. One key aspect of plain writing is ensuring sentences are as short as possible. E. It involves using direct and accessible language with a straightforward structure. F. This can be especially important for those who speak English as a second language. G. Plain language reduces the risk of misunderstandings caused by confusing language choices. 【答案】35. E 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了使用通俗易懂的语言写作时需要遵循一些通用的指导原则。 【35题详解】 根据前文“But it isn’t the only mark of a good writer. Another skill that’s of equal importance is the ability to convey ideas in plain language.(另一个同样重要的技能是用通俗易懂的语言表达想法的能力)”以及下文“To write in plain language, there are some general guidelines for you to follow.(要用通俗易懂的语言写作，有一些一般的指导方针供你遵循)”可知，前文提到一种能力，后文是提出一些知道方法，所以空处应是过渡句， E项“It involves using direct and accessible language with a straightforward structure.(它包括使用结构简单的直接易懂的语言)”承接上文内容，为对上文内容的具体解释，同时引起下文，符合文意。故选E项。 【36题详解】 设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“The only details they include are those necessary for the reader to understand the sentences’ meaning. For example, the sign “Wait behind the yellow line.” at a train platform includes “yellow” so travelers know where to stand.(它们只包括读者理解句子意义所必需的细节。例如，“请在黄线后面等候”的标志。站台上的标志包括“黄色”，以便乘客知道该站在哪里)”可知，提到只包括那些读者理解句子意义所必需的细节，也就是句子要简洁。所以D项“One key aspect of plain writing is ensuring sentences are as short as possible.(简洁写作的一个关键方面是确保句子尽可能短)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选D项。。 【37题详解】  根据前文“If you work in IT, you can comfortably use the word “latency” with your colleagues.(如果您从事IT工作，那么您可以轻松地与同事使用“latency”这个词)”以及后文“But when speaking with someone without an IT background, you might instead use “slow” to ensure that they know what you’re talking about.(但是当你和一个没有IT背景的人说话时，你可以用“slow”来确保他们知道你在说什么)”可知，A项“That is because they know what it means.(那是因为他们知道这意味着什么)”是对前文的解释，并和后文构成转折关系。故选A项。 【38题详解】 根据前文“Plain language is more than word choices, though.(然而，简单的语言不仅仅是词语的选择)”以及后文“This can be achieved in the following ways. For example, use clear headers for each section and keep paragraphs focused on one idea each. Make the relationships between ideas and sentences clear with transition words. Write directly to your reader. Additionally, use the active voice whenever possible to enhance clarity.(这可以通过以下方式实现。例如，每个部分使用清晰的标题，每个段落专注于一个观点。用过渡词使观点和句子之间的关系清晰。直接写给你的读者。此外，尽可能使用主动语态来提高清晰度)”可知，本段讲述简单的语言除了词语的选择还要有清晰度，所以C项“It also involves structuring writing to prioritize clarity.(它还包括组织写作，优先考虑清晰)”符合本段主题，引出下文内容。故选C项。 【39题详解】 设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“It is important to note that not every guideline for plain writing will apply to every piece of writing. The ultimate goal is to create contents that are accessible and easily understood. By using plain language, you demonstrate respect for your readers’ time and intelligence.(重要的是要注意，并不是所有关于普通写作的指导方针都适用于每一篇文章。最终目标是创建可访问且易于理解的内容。通过使用通俗易懂的语言，你表现出对读者时间和智慧的尊重)”可知，本段主要讲述创建可访问且易于理解的内容，表现出对读者时间和智慧的尊重。所以B项“Thus, it develops positive relationships with them.(因此，它与他们发展了积极的关系)”是对前文的总结，和前文构成因果关系，符合文意。故选B项。 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 Plastic is everywhere but it’s not great for our health or the planet. In the past, a typical box from Amazon arrived packed with plastic air pillows made from flexible plastic film. When plastic film is thrown away, it often ends up in landfills or in the environment, including the oceans, where it can injure and kill marine life. In studies of 80 marine species that died after ingesting a variety of plastic debris flexible plastic proved to be the deadliest kind. Now Amazon announced that by October 2024, it had removed all plastic air pillows from its delivery packaging. “We want to make sure the final package is easy to recycle at home,” says Pat Lindner, Amazon’s vice president of sustainable packaging. To make the switch, the company had to make sure that a replacement would work as well as the plastic version. It actually turned out to perform better. The number of packages that get damaged in shipment was reduced. Amazon worked with suppliers to find a lightweight, 100% recycled paper that’s easier to wrap around an object to protect it. The paper also takes up less space, so now more items fit in a smaller box. That translates to using less gas or electricity, in the case of the company’s electric vans to make a delivery, since more packages can fit in a truck. It’s a welcome change following years of pressure from environmental groups to stop plastic pollution flooding into oceans. “The fact that the world’s largest e-commerce company has made plastic air pillows history globally is fantastic news for the world’s oceans,” the nonprofit Oceana said in a statement in response to Amazon’s announcement Plastic is cheap, but the new system saves the company money since there’s less risk that something will break during shipping and need replacement, Lindner says. “And so the fact that we can deliver packages more safely and with less damage is a cost savings to us.” 40. Where does plastic film often go in the end? _____________________________________________________________ 41. How does the paper filler perform better than the plastic version? _____________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. > The plastic version is cheaper than the paper version, so Amazon must save money to afford the new system. _____________________________________________________________ 43. What benefit(s) have you got from one of your plastic reduction efforts? （In about 40 words） _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. It often ends up in landfills or in the environment, including the oceans. 41. It reduces the number of damaged packages, is easier to wrap around objects to protect them, and takes up less space. 42. The plastic version is cheaper than the paper version, so Amazon must save money to afford the new system. According to the passage, the new system actually saves the company money, not the other way around. 43. By using reusable cloth bags instead of plastic ones, I reduce waste and save money. It also helps protect marine life, as fewer plastic bags end up in oceans. 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了亚马逊公司决定在其快递包装中去除塑料气泡膜，转而使用100%回收的轻质纸张作为填充物，以减少塑料污染对海洋生态的破坏。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解题。根据第一段“When plastic film is thrown away, it often ends up in landfills or in the environment, including the oceans, where it can injure and kill marine life.(当塑料薄膜被扔掉时，它通常会被扔进垃圾填埋场或进入包括海洋在内的环境中，在那里它会伤害和杀死海洋生物)”可知，塑料薄膜最终通常会进入垃圾填埋场或环境（包括海洋）。故回答：It often ends up in landfills or in the environment, including the oceans. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解题。根据第三段“It actually turned out to perform better. The number of packages that get damaged in shipment was reduced. Amazon worked with suppliers to find a lightweight, 100% recycled paper that’s easier to wrap around an object to protect it. The paper also takes up less space, so now more items fit in a smaller box. That translates to using less gas-or electricity, in the case of the company’s electric vans-to make a delivery, since more packages can fit in a truck.(结果证明它的性能更好。在运输中损坏的包裹数量减少了。亚马逊与供应商合作，找到了一种重量轻、100%可回收的纸，更容易包裹在物体上以保护它。纸张也占用更少的空间，所以现在更多的东西可以放在一个更小的盒子里。这意味着在运送货物时使用更少的汽油或电力（就该公司的电动货车而言），因为一辆卡车可以装下更多的包裹)”可知，纸质填充物比塑料版本表现得更好的地方在于它减少了运输过程中损坏的包裹数量，更容易包裹物品以保护它们，并且占用的空间更少。故回答：It reduces the number of damaged packages, is easier to wrap around objects to protect them, and takes up less space. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解题。根据最后一段“Plastic is cheap, but the new system saves the company money since there’s less risk that something will break during shipping and need replacement, Lindner says. “And so the fact that we can deliver packages more safely and with less damage is a cost savings to us.”(林德纳说，塑料很便宜，但新系统为公司节省了资金，因为在运输过程中，某些东西损坏和需要更换的风险降低了。“因此，我们可以更安全、更少损坏地运送包裹，这为我们节省了成本。”)”可知，陈述中“so Amazon must save money to afford the new system(所以亚马逊必须省钱才能买得起新系统)”是错误的，因为新系统实际上为公司节省了资金，而不是公司需要省钱来购买新系统。故回答：The plastic version is cheaper than the paper version, so Amazon must save money to afford the new system. According to the passage, the new system actually saves the company money, not the other way around. 【43题详解】 开放性问题。言之有理即可，注意字数。例如：通过使用可重复使用的布袋而不是塑料袋，我减少了浪费，节省了钱。这也有助于保护海洋生物，因为更少的塑料袋最终进入海洋。故回答：By using reusable cloth bags instead of plastic ones, I reduce waste and save money. It also helps protect marine life, as fewer plastic bags end up in oceans. 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友 Jim 在来信中提到，越来越多的外国网友开始使用中国的社交平台发布内容，他也想尝试，向你了解更多情况。请你给 Jim 回信，内容包括： 1. 你感兴趣的内容； 2. 使用的注意事项。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m glad you’re interested in Chinese social platforms! I enjoy exploring content about Chinese culture, like traditional festivals, calligraphy, and regional cuisines. Tech updates and lifestyle vlogs are also fascinating, offering insights into daily life here. When using these platforms, remember to follow community guidelines, as some topics may be sensitive. Engage respectfully with local users to build connections, and avoid sharing too much personal information to protect your privacy. I’m sure you’ll find them both fun and informative. Let me know if you need help getting started! Best, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇是应用文写作。考生的英国笔友Jim在来信中提到，越来越多的外国网友开始使用中国的社交平台发布内容，他也想尝试，向你了解更多情况，要求考生给Jim回信。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高兴的：glad→delighted 提供：offer→provide 迷人的：fascinating→captivating 有趣的：fun→enjoyable 2. 句式拓展 同义句 原句：I’m glad you’re interested in Chinese social platforms! 拓展句：I’m pleased that you’re keen on Chinese social platforms! 【点睛】[高分句型1]When using these platforms, remember to follow community guidelines, as some topics may be sensitive.(as引导的原因状语从句) [高分句型2]Let me know if you need help getting started!(if引导的条件状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025届高三2月统一练习 英 语 说明：本试卷共8页，共100分；考试时间90分钟；请在答题卡上填写个人信息，并将条形码贴在答题卡的相应位置上。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分， 共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 By the age of seven we moved to an area where I met a girl called Safina, who was a bit younger than me, and we started to play together. She was a pampered girl who had lots of dolls and a shoebox full of toy jewelry. But she kept ___1___ the pink plastic pretend mobile phone my father had bought me, which was one of the few toys I had. One day it disappeared. A few days later I saw Safina playing with a phone exactly the same as mine. When asked, she told me she bought it in the bazaar. I ___2___ now she could have told the truth but back then I thought, “She is doing this to me and I will get back at her”. I used to go to her house to study, so whenever I was there, I would ___3___ her belongings, mostly earrings and necklaces. One afternoon I came home from school and rushed into the kitchen as usual for a snack. My mother was sitting on the floor pounding spices. Her eyes would not meet mine. What had I done? Feeling ___4___ , I went to my room. On opening my cupboard, I noticed all the items I had taken were gone. I had been ___5___ . My cousin entered my room to inform me that my mother knew I had been stealing. I felt a terrible ___6___ feeling in my stomach. I walked back to my mother with my head bowed. “What you did was wrong,” she said. “You are bringing ___7___ on us.” “Safina started it,” I protested. “She took the pink phone that dad bought me. ” My mother was ___8___ “Safina is younger than you and you should have set an example,” she said. I started crying, repeatedly apologized and begged her not to tell dad. It’s horrible to feel unworthy in the eyes of your parents. My mother and father share everything so he soon knew what happened. My father consoled me by ___9___ the mistakes great heroes made in their youth, and cited Mahatma Gandhi’s words to ease my embarrassment, “Freedom is not worth having if it does not include the freedom to make ___10___ .” I promised myself’d never do such a thing again. 1. A. holding back B. eyeing up C. checking out D. setting down 2. A. doubt B. object C. realize D. claim 3. A. pocket B. hunt C. pack D. hide 4. A. annoyed B. uneasy C. disappointed D. frightened 5. A. found B. spotted C. caught D. suspected 6. A. aching B. unlucky C. regretful D. sinking 7. A. rumor B. shame C. trouble D. pain 8. A. unchanged B. uninterested C. unguarded D. unmoved 9. A. correcting B. recounting C. memorizing D. observing 10. A. mistakes B. apologies C. breakthroughs D. adaptations 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 When life feels difficult, humor can be a coping mechanism ___11___ relieves stress and offers the breathing room to keep going, scientists say. Sometimes, spontaneously laughing when feeling like the sky is falling can help one deal with difficult emotions. “There is this unconscious way that many people engage humor ___12___ thinking about it,” says Steven, a clinical psychologist. He explains that stress may cause someone to feel anxious or angry but humor has the power to transform those feelings into ___13___ feels like a moment of joy, lightness or connection. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Effective monitoring of endangered species is key to their ___14___ (survive). Studying the movement range and habits of wild animals is essential to ensure that their habitat ___15___ (remain) free from development and illegal hunters. If an animal ___16___ (spot) just once, and the characteristics of its footprints are properly photographed and measured, its footprint can be recognized whenever ___17___ (sight) again. If that is done repeatedly, conservationists can draw up a database of all. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 China has put a strategic focus on developing new quality productive forces in agriculture, ___18___ (signal) a shift toward tailored and technology-driven agricultural growth, experts said. Advanced equipment and green technologies should be integrated into every stage of agricultural production ___19___ (balance) productivity with sustainability. Up to now, substantial progress has been made in tackling core technologies in agriculture. For example, a number of superior genes ___20___ (identify) in seed research. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14 小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A A unique dual chip design enables the spatial experiences on Apple Vision Pro. The powerful M2 chip simultaneously runs visionOS, executes advanced computer vision algorithms, and delivers stunning graphics, all with incredible efficiency. And the brand-new R1 chip is specifically dedicated to process input from the cameras, sensors, and microphones, streaming images to the displays within 12 milliseconds — for a virtually lag-free, real-time view of the world. Meta Quest 3 is the most powerful Quest device yet. Powered by the Snapdragon® XR2 Gen 2 Platform, the Quest 3 features more than twice the graphics processing performance, breakthrough mixed reality features, and a thinner more balanced fit that will expand your reality. The PS VR2 headset will detect your eye movements, allowing you to interact with other players online in a new and realistic way, resulting in increased emotional responses and expressive sensitivity. Eye-tracking cameras track your gaze as you aim or look around, while advanced point-of-view rendering technology improves the visual experience by adjusting resolution to pinpoint your location and sharpen your focus. PICO 4 is equipped with self-developed high-precision four-eye environmental tracking and infrared optical positioning system, and the optical sensor is further improved to achieve better tracking and positioning effect. PICO motion tracker can achieve 3DoF spatial positioning, tie it to the leg to achieve leg movement tracking, so that you can be more flexible in the virtual world. You just throw your hands away, move your legs, it can catch your every movement. 21. Which unique technological feature of the Apple Vision Pro enables an unprecedented mixed reality experience for users? A Eye-tracking system. B. Dual-chip design. C. Optical sensors. D. High-definition display. 22. Which of the following statements accurately compares the capabilities of the four products mentioned? A. Apple Vision Pro is the only one with a dualchip design. B. Meta Quest 3 offers the highest graphics processing performance. C. PS VR2 detects eye movements for online interaction. D. PICO 4 lacks a high-precision tracking system. 23. If Simon wanted to buy a product to play a game, which of the following products would be his first choice? A Apple Vision Pro. B. Meta Quest 3. C. PS VR2. D. PICO 4. B Fish Cheeks By Amy Tan 1987 I fell in love with the minister’s son the winter I turned fourteen. He was not Chinese, but as white as Mary in the manger. For Christmas, I prayed for this blond-haired boy, Robert, and a slim new American nose. When I found out that my parents had invited the minister’s family over for Christmas Eve dinner, I cried. What would Robert think of our shabby Chinese Christmas? What would he think of our noisy Chinese relatives who lacked proper American manners? What terrible disappointment would he feel upon seeing not a roasted turkey and sweet potatoes but Chinese food? On Christmas Eve I saw that my mother had outdone herself in creating a strange menu. The kitchen was littered with appalling mounds of raw food: A slimy (黏糊糊的) rock cod (浔鳕鱼) with bulging eyes, tofu that looked like stacked white sponges, a bowl soaking dried fungus back to life, and squid with crisscrossed knife markings. And then they arrived — the minister’s family and all my relatives in a clamor of doorbells and rumpled Christmas packages. Robert grunted hello, and I pretended he was not worthy of existence. Dinner threw me deeper into despair. My relatives licked the ends of their chopsticks and reached across the table, dipping them into the dozen or so plates of food. Robert and his family waited patiently for platters to be passed to them. My relatives murmured with pleasure when my mother brought out the whole steamed fish. Robert grimaced (脸部扭曲). Then my father poked his chopsticks just below the fish eye and plucked out the soft meat. “Amy, your favorite,” he said, offering me the tender fish cheek. I wanted to disappear. At the end of the meal, my father leaned back and belched (打嗝) loudly, thanking my mother for her fine cooking. “It’s a polite Chinese custom to show you are satisfied,” explained my father to our astonished guests. Robert was looking down at his plate with a reddened face. The minister managed to muster up a quiet burp. I was stunned into silence for the rest of the night. After everyone had gone, my mother said to me, “You want to be the same as American girls on the outside.” She handed me an early gift. It was a miniskirt in beige tweed. “But inside you must always be Chinese. You must be proud you are different. Your only shame is to have shame.” And even though I didn’t agree with her then, I knew that she understood how much I had suffered during the evening’s dinner. It wasn’t until many years later — long after I had gotten over my crush on Robert — that I was able to fully appreciate her lesson and the true purpose behind our particular menu. For Christmas Eve that year, she had chosen all my favorite foods. 24. The author’s descriptions of the food suggest that she _______. A. thought it not festive B. valued her mother’s effort C. viewed it as unappealing D. felt unfamiliar with the menu 25. What made Amy the most embarrassed during the dinner? A. Robert grimaced at the food. B. Her father offered her fish cheek. C. The minister attempted a polite burp. D. Her relatives reached across the table. 26. What was Amy’s mother’s purpose in choosing the menu? A. To bridge the cultural gap. B. To teach family traditions. C. To express a mother’s love. D. To test cultural differences. 27. What has the author learnt in the story? A. Pride lies in accepting who we are. B. Time shapes our understanding. C. Family love conquers all barriers. D. Cultural roots define identity. C Unless we pursue AI carefully, the Nobel Committee will one day give a Peace Prize to the people cleaning up its terrible consequences, just as it did with nuclear physics. This year’s Nobel Prizes celebrate both works relating to artificial intelligence and efforts by the group Nihon Hidankyo to end the nuclear war. It was a striking parallel. Last century, the Nobel Committees awarded prizes in physics for uncovering the structure of atoms, which enabled the development and subsequent deployment of nuclear weapons. Similarly, artificial intelligence begins as fundamental research in computer science, yet its development poses a wide spectrum of societal risks, including misinformation, job displacement, and surveillance. About 80 years ago, hundreds of top scientists joined the Manhattan Project in a race to build an atomic weapon before the Nazis did. Yet after Germany surrendered, the project continued and only one scientist, Joseph Rotblat, left the project. After the war he returned to physics, focusing on medical uses of radiation, and became a leader in the nuclear antiproliferation movement. Looking back, Rotblat explained “You get yourself involved in a certain way and forget you are a human being. It becomes an addiction, and you just go on for the sake of producing a gadget without thinking about the consequences. And then, having done this, you find some justification for having produced it. Not the other way around. ” Though written decades ago, these words are a frighteningly accurate description of the prevailing ethos in AI research today. Fortunately, now, as then, there are thoughtful, grounded individuals who stand out in the development of AI. Ed Newton-Rex resigned last year from his position leading the music team at Stability AI, over the company’s insistence on creating generative. AI models trained on copyrighted data without paying for that use. This year, Suchir Balaji resigned as a researcher at OpenAI over similar concerns. At a 2018 internal meeting, Meredith Whittaker voiced concerns about a project to develop AI to power military drone targeting and surveillance and eventually succeeded in pressuring Google to drop it. When the Nobel Prize Committees choose which people among those working on AI to award, they set a powerful incentive for the AI researchers of today and tomorrow. We can start by looking past those focused on the rapid development of capabilities, instead following the lead of those who insist on engaging with the context of their work and who have the capacity not only to evaluate but also to respond to changing circumstances. As the nuclear era teaches us, right now is the time to carefully evaluate what applications of scientific discovery and whom among today's scientists reflect the values not of the world in which we currently live but the one which we hope to inhabit. 28. The author quotes Joseph Rotblat mainly to _______. A. challenge an assumption B. suggest an alternative C. make a comparison D. illustrate a point 29. It is implied in the passage that _______. A. collaboration between different parties is essential for responsible AI development B. the development of AI could potentially lead to unforeseen global crises C. AI researchers have lost control of their own creations D. the Nobel Prize should stop awarding AI researchers 30. What does the word “ethos” underlined in paragraph 5 most probably mean? A. Challenge B. Motivation C. Spirit D. Force D In 1979, Archie Cochrane published an essay criticizing his fellow doctors. “It is surely a great criticism of our profession,” he wrote, “that we have not organized a critical summary, by specialty or subspecialty, adapted periodically, of all relevant randomized controlled trials. ” The idea of “organizing a critical summary” may not seem a groundbreaking concept, yet Cochrane had struck at the heart of the matter. The basic building block of evidence in medicine is the randomized trial, as Cochrane understood. But some trials are flawed, others may have vanished from the academic record, unpublished because they didn’t yield the hoped-for results. Even when trials are reported, the most robust evidence comes from synthesizing them. Proper synthesis can turn inconclusive trials into a conclusive result, yet to turn those trials into a structured body of knowledge takes work. In 1993, Sir Iain Chalmers founded Cochrane, a non-profit now listing over 9, 000 systematic reviews. But in fields like education or policing, the picture is less rosy. Education is arguably of comparable importance to health for any government. Yet, the UK government spends 18 times as much on research into health than it does on research into education - or, to put it another way, education research is underfunded by 10 percent. If anything, that paints too optimistic a picture of research into social policy, because other countries spend even less. And, perhaps, education research is probably the best of the rest when it comes to research funding. The Campbell Collaboration, which aims to do for social policy what Cochrane does for medicine, boasts just 231 systematic reviews - reflecting that social policy research enjoys a fraction of the money and attention lavished on medicine. More than a lack of spending, there’s a reluctance to support the infrastructure of systematic reviews, or to fund their updates into “living evidence reviews”. Take the 3ie (International Initiative for Impact Evaluation), admired for its Development Evidence Portal, which struggles for steady funding. The portal could run for a year at less cost than a typical study evaluating its effectiveness, yet “public goods tend by their nature to be underfunded.” On the bright side, more than f50mn of funding for evidence synthesis was recently announced. This modest funding could significantly contribute to building an “evidence bank” for policymakers. Systematic reviews bridge the gap between researchers and policymakers. Researchers focus on specific interventions, while policymakers address broader problems. By synthesizing relevant research, systematic reviews can answer policymaker questions. Furthermore, evidence synthesis highlights “ known unknowns” - gaps in research that can be filled through targeted funding, rather than more studies of familiar topics. As Eleanor Chelimsky, one of the 20th century’s great policy evaluators explained, “I hoped that synthesis could dramatize, for our legislative users, not only what was, in fact, known, but also what was not known.” Dramatizing our ignorance is one of the most valuable things an evidence review can do. 31. What was Archie Cochrane’s major concern? A. Organizing medical summaries was seen as unworthy. B. Doctors failed to put medical trials into summaries. C. The medical profession received widespread criticism. D. Medical trials were too flawed to be published. 32. What be inferred from the passage? A. Education should be the top priority in research funding. B. Social policy research funding has increased significantly. C. Systematic reviews help make research funding more focused. D. The 3ie portal was underfunded due to poor effectiveness evaluation. 33. What’s the author’s attitude towards “synthesis dramatizing the unknown”? A. Torn between. B. Radically oppose. C. Cautious optimism. D. Enthusiastic approval. 34. Which of the following would be the best title for the article? A. The Downfall of Systematic Reviews: Why They’re Outdated B. Rethinking Systematic Reviews: A Call for Broader Application C. Uncovering the Untold Story: The Importance of Evidence Synthesis D. From Criticism to Collaboration: The Evolution of Evidence Synthesis 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Admittedly, complex writing that uses rich vocabulary and vivid figurative language can wow readers. But it isn’t the only mark of a good writer. Another skill that’s of equal importance is the ability to convey ideas in plain language. ___35___ To write in plain language, there are some general guidelines for you to follow. ___36___ The only details they include are those necessary for the reader to understand the sentences’ meaning. For example the sign “Wait behind the yellow line.” at a train platform includes “yellow” so travelers know where to stand. Plain language avoids using vocabulary that requires specialized knowledge. If you work in IT, you can comfortably use the word “latency” with your colleagues. ___37___ But when speaking with someone without an IT background, you might instead use “slow” to ensure that they know what you’re talking about. Plain language is more than word choices, though. ___38___ This can be achieved in the following ways. For example, use clear headers for each section and keep paragraphs focused on one idea each. Make the relationships between ideas and sentences clear with transition words. Write directly to your reader. Additionally, use the active voice whenever possible to enhance clarity. It is important to note that not every guideline for plain writing will apply to every piece of writing. The ultimate goal is to create contents that are accessible and easily understood. By using plain language, you demonstrate respect for your readers’ time and intelligence. ___39___ A. That is because they know what it means. B. Thus, it develops positive relationships with them. C. It also involves structuring writing to prioritize clarity. D. One key aspect of plain writing is ensuring sentences are as short as possible. E It involves using direct and accessible language with a straightforward structure. F. This can be especially important for those who speak English as a second language. G. Plain language reduces the risk of misunderstandings caused by confusing language choices. 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 Plastic is everywhere, but it’s not great for our health or the planet. In the past, a typical box from Amazon arrived packed with plastic air pillows made from flexible plastic film. When plastic film is thrown away, it often ends up in landfills or in the environment, including the oceans, where it can injure and kill marine life. In studies of 80 marine species that died after ingesting a variety of plastic debris, flexible plastic proved to be the deadliest kind. Now Amazon announced that by October 2024, it had removed all plastic air pillows from its delivery packaging. “We want to make sure the final package is easy to recycle at home,” says Pat Lindner, Amazon’s vice president of sustainable packaging. To make the switch, the company had to make sure that a replacement would work as well as the plastic version. It actually turned out to perform better. The number of packages that get damaged in shipment was reduced. Amazon worked with suppliers to find a lightweight, 100% recycled paper that’s easier to wrap around an object to protect it. The paper also takes up less space, so now more items fit in a smaller box. That translates to using less gas or electricity, in the case of the company’s electric vans to make a delivery, since more packages can fit in a truck. It’s a welcome change following years of pressure from environmental groups to stop plastic pollution flooding into oceans. “The fact that the world’s largest e-commerce company has made plastic air pillows history globally is fantastic news for the world’s oceans,” the nonprofit Oceana said in a statement in response to Amazon’s announcement Plastic is cheap, but the new system saves the company money since there’s less risk that something will break during shipping and need replacement, Lindner says. “And so the fact that we can deliver packages more safely and with less damage is a cost savings to us.” 40. Where does plastic film often go in the end? _____________________________________________________________ 41. How does the paper filler perform better than the plastic version? _____________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. > The plastic version is cheaper than the paper version, so Amazon must save money to afford the new system. _____________________________________________________________ 43. What benefit(s) have you got from one of your plastic reduction efforts? （In about 40 words） _____________________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友 Jim 在来信中提到，越来越多的外国网友开始使用中国的社交平台发布内容，他也想尝试，向你了解更多情况。请你给 Jim 回信，内容包括： 1. 你感兴趣的内容； 2. 使用的注意事项。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$