8 Unit 2 Section Ⅰ Welcome to the unit & Reading-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（译林版2019）

Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading ◎ ①escape v．逃跑，逃脱；逃避，摆脱；避开 n．逃跑，逃离；逃避 ②county n．郡，县 ③injury n. (身体上的)伤，损害 injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害 ④current adj.现行的，当前的；n.水流，气流 ⑤disaster n．灾难，灾害；彻底失败 ⑥at large整个，全部 ⑦reaction n．反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应 ⑧hold on to坚持；紧握；克制 ⑨crash n．碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃 vi.& vt.碰撞，撞击；崩溃 ⑩sense v．感觉；了解n.感觉；道理；见识 signal vi.& vt.发信号，示意；标志 n．信号，暗号；标志；信号灯 exit vt.& vi.出去，离去，退场；退出 n．出口，通道；离开 orderly adj.有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的 stair n．楼梯；梯级 rush v．冲，奔 roll n．名单；卷；一管；翻滚vi.&vt.翻滚，滚动；翻身；卷起 roll call点名 confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准 safe and sound安然无恙的 hug vt.拥抱，搂抱；抱紧 procedure n．程序，步骤，手续 a series of 一系列 tsunami n．海啸 brush v．刷，拂拭；轻擦，触碰 odd adj.奇怪的，怪异的；偶尔的；不成对的 bubble n．泡沫，泡，气泡 occur vi.发生，出现；存在于 occur to被想到，浮现在脑中 approach v．靠近，临近；接洽，交谈；对付，处理 keep one’s head (在困境中)保持冷静 on one’s way 在路上；很快要发生 relief n．宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济 to her great relief 令她非常欣慰的是 clear vt.使离开，清场 be cleared of某处被清除了…… ◎ Pupils’ lives spared during Falmont earthquake By Raymond Tran 18 March FALMONT － On 17 March，476 students and 36 teachers at Falmont Primary School escaped① an earthquake that hit the county② at 2：27 p. m.Only 5 students suffered slight injuries③，despite the current④ figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster⑤ area at large⑥. Alice Brown，head teacher at Falmont Primary School，was teaching when the floor began to shake．【1】 Her students’ reaction⑦ was quick and correct—they moved under their desks，head first，and held on to⑧ the legs of the desks. At the same time，Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door，in case【2】 it became damaged during the shaking and could not open. There were loud crashes⑨ of glass breaking and things falling to the ground，but the students remained still and waited calmly and quietly. 【1】be doing... when... 正在做……这时(突然)……。 【2】in case以防……。后常跟that从句，that可省略；如果跟短语，则使用in case of。 The moment the shaking stopped，Miss Brown sensed⑩ it was the best time for the class to make their escape．【3】 She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands．【4】Within one minute and twenty seconds，the whole class went down the stairs and rushed to the playground. Soon students from other classes arrived too. After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound， they relaxed，laughing，crying and hugging each other．【5】 学生用书第34页 【3】the moment引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。 【4】动词­ing形式作伴随状语。 【5】并列动词­ing形式作伴随状语。 “We practise earthquake safety procedures twice a year，” said Miss Brown，“so the kids were calm enough to protect themselves during the earthquake.” Girl saves 100 from tsunami By Jessie Cable 21 December NEWDALE －On 20 December，a series of huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead．【6】 Goldshore Beach was the only local beach to survive the disaster without any loss of life. A 10­year­old girl，Sabrina Andron，helped around 100 people escape danger with her knowledge of tsunamis. 【6】caused by an undersea earthquake为过去分词短语作定语，修饰名词waves；left thousands dead为“leave ＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 The day began like any other on Goldshore Beach. People were walking，running or simply sitting on the sandy beach，enjoying the warm sea air and the soft wind that brushed their hair．【7】 Sabrina was one of the happy tourists until she noticed something odd.“The water was like the bubbles on the top of a beer，” she later explained.“It wasn’t calm and it wasn’t going in and then out. It was just coming in and in and in.” Sabrina had just learnt about tsunamis in a Geography lesson. It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami.【8】 【7】画线部分为动词­ing形式作伴随状语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the soft wind，that在从句中作主语，不可省略。 【8】画线部分it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语。 Sabrina was frightened，but she soon kept her head.She warned her parents of the danger，though at first they just thought she was joking. However，Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster was on its way and kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer. To her great relief，the officer immediately realized the coming danger. The beach was rapidly cleared ofpeople，just before the huge waves crashed into the coast. 学生用书第35页 弗尔蒙特发生地震　小学生成功逃生 雷蒙德·特兰 3月18日 弗尔蒙特——3月17日下午2：27，一场地震袭击了弗尔蒙特县，弗尔蒙特小学476名学生和36名教师成功逃生。尽管目前整个灾区伤亡数字为7人死亡，200多人受伤， (弗尔蒙特小学)却仅有5名学生受轻伤。 弗尔蒙特小学校长艾丽斯·布朗当时正在授课，突然地面开始晃动。她的学生们反应迅速正确——他们头朝里，钻到桌子下面，并紧紧抓住桌腿。与此同时，布朗女士立刻打开教室门，以防门在震动中损坏打不开。尽管玻璃破碎、东西倒地发出阵阵巨响，但是学生们仍然一动不动，沉着安静地等待着。 晃动一停止，布朗女士立即意识到这是全班逃生的最好时机。她示意学生们用双手护着头，排好队，有序离开教室。1分20秒内，全班下楼梯，跑到了操场上。很快，其他班的学生也赶到了。点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，大家才松了一口气，笑啊，哭啊，互相拥抱着。 “我们每年进行两次地震安全步骤演练，”布朗女士说，“因此在地震时，孩子们都十分镇定，能够保护好自己。” 女孩拯救百人免遭海啸袭击 杰西·凯布尔 12月21日 纽代尔——12月20日，由海底地震引发的巨浪接连席卷了金海岸附近海域，造成数千人死亡。金海岸海滩是当地唯一一个在此次灾难中没有任何人员损失的海滩。一个10岁的女孩，萨布丽娜·安德龙，利用自己掌握的海啸知识帮助大约100人脱险。 那天刚开始，金海岸海滩上与往常一样。人们在散步、晨跑，或者就是坐在沙滩上，享受着温暖的海边空气和拂过发际的微风。萨布丽娜是这群快乐游客中的一位，直到她察觉到一丝异样。“海水像啤酒表面的泡沫一样，”她后来解释说，“不平静，也没有潮来潮去。海水只是一个劲儿地涌过来，涌过来，再涌过来。”萨布丽娜刚在一节地理课上学习了有关海啸的知识。她立刻意识到这是海啸来临的前兆。 萨布丽娜吓坏了，不过她很快冷静下来。她提醒父母有危险，但一开始他们只当她是在开玩笑。不过，萨布丽娜确信，一场可怕的灾难正在逼近，于是便不停地让父母去和安全员谈一谈。使她大为宽慰的是，安全员立即意识到危险即将来临。就在巨浪拍岸的前一刻，海滩上的人迅速疏散一空。 学生用书第36页 一、整体理解 1．The text mainly tells us __________． A．lucky escapes from natural disasters B．how to escape from earthquake C．how to save people from tsunami D．ways to prevent natural disasters 答案：　A 2．Match the paragraphs with the main ideas. (1)Part 1 (Para. 1)________ (2)Part 2 (Paras. 2－4)________ (3)Part 3 (Para. 5)________ (4)Part 4 (Paras. 6－7)________ A．The general information of a tsunami caused by an undersea earthquake. B．Detailed information about the tsunami. C．The details of the Falmont earthquake. D．An overview of the Falmont earthquake. 答案：　(1)～(4)：DCAB 二、细节理解 Read the text carefully and choose the best answers. 1．How many deaths and injuries did the earthquake cause? A．5；200. B．36；476. C．7；more than 200. D．36；over 200. 2．Why did Miss Brown open the classroom quickly? A．To signal the students to exit the classroom quickly. B．To let the other students come into the classroom. C．To ask her students to hide behind the door for safety. D．To avoid damaging the door during the shaking. 3．What did Sabrina notice about the sea? A．She noticed something strange and different from the regular day. B．She found more people walking and running on the sandy beach. C．She found the sea wind was more fierce than ever. D．She found more seagulls were flying over the sea. 4．Who did Sabrina tell first when she sensed a tsunami was coming? A．A tourist on the beach. B．A safety officer. C．Her parents. D．The police. 5．Where does the passage probably come from? A．Website. B．Newspaper. C．Magazine. D．Science report. 答案：　1～5：CDACB 三、思维品质升华 What can be done to prepare for a natural disaster? ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 【参考答案】 First of all，we cannot stop natural disasters but we can arm ourselves with knowledge: so many lives wouldn’t have to be lost if there was enough disaster preparedness. Then in the event of a natural disaster，the following things can be helpful: better warning systems ，awareness­centred education programmes，supply kits，plans to get people out of the dangerous area，and shelter construction. 四、难句解构 1．After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound，they relaxed，laughing，crying and hugging each other. 学生用书第37页 【句式分析】本句为主从复合句。 after 引导时间状语从句，其中that all were safe and sound为宾语从句；动词­ing形式laughing，crying and hugging each other作伴随状语。 【尝试翻译】点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们才放松下来，笑啊，哭啊，互相拥抱着。 2．Goldshore Beach was the only local beach to survive the disaster without any loss of life. 【句式分析】本句为简单句。to survive the disaster without any loss of life 为动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰名词短语the only local beach。 【尝试翻译】在这场灾难中，金海岸是当地唯一没有人员伤亡的海滩。 3．However，Sabrina was certain that a terrible disaster was on its way and kept asking her parents to talk to a safety officer. 【句式分析】本句为主从复合句。其中that引导宾语从句。 【尝试翻译】然而，萨布丽娜确信一场可怕的灾难即将来临，坚持要父母去找安全官员谈谈。 [核心单词] 1．the emergency exit　　　　 紧急出口 2．an odd man 古怪的人 3．the destructive side 破坏性的一面 4．a big hug 一个大大的拥抱 5．escape from the crash 逃过了这场车祸 6．end in disaster 以灾难告终 7．a sense of relief 解脱感 [拓展单词] 1．injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害→injury n．伤害，损害→injured adj.受伤的，受损害的 2．reaction n．反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应→react vi.回应， (对……)做出反应 3．orderly adj.有秩序的；有条理的，整齐的 →order n．命令；顺序；规则 4．confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准→confirmation n．证实；确认书，证明书 5．occur vi.发生，出现；存在于→occurrence n．发生，出现；发生的事，事件 6．relief n．宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济→relieve vt.减轻，缓和；解除(职务)→relieved adj.感到欣慰的 7．destructive adj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的，破坏(或毁灭)性的→ destruction n．破坏，摧毁→ destroy vt.破坏，摧毁 8．inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知→informed adj.了解情况的；见多识广的 [重点短语] 第一组　汉译英 1．整个，全部　　　　　　 at large 2．点名 roll call 3．安然无恙的 safe and sound 4．被想到，浮现在脑中 occur to 5．(在困境中)保持冷静 keep one’s head 第二组　英译汉 6．crash into ...　　　　 冲上，撞上…… 7．be a signal of ... 是……的信号 8．to one’s great relief 令某人大为欣慰的是 9．be cleared of ... 清除…… 10．in the face of ... 面对…… 学生用书第38页 [典型句式] 根据课文语境和汉语提示补全句子 1．“ be doing... when”句型 Alice Brown，head teacher at Falmont Primary School，was teaching when (正在授课这时) the floor began to shake. 2．in case引导状语从句 At the same time，Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door，in case it became damaged (以防它被损坏) during the shaking and could not open. 3．the moment引导时间状语从句 The moment the shaking stopped (晃动一停止)，Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape. 核心词汇精研 injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害 (教材原句)Only 5 students suffered slight injuries，despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at large. 尽管目前灾区总体的伤亡情况是7人死亡，200多人受伤，但(在这所学校)只有5名学生受了轻伤。 (1) get injured/hurt　　　 受伤 the injured 伤员(作主语时，谓语动词常用复数) (2) injury n. 伤害，损害 do sb. an injury 伤害某人 [佳句背诵]　Three people were killed and five injured in the crash. 撞车事故中有三人死亡，五人受伤。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ① It is reported that there were no injuries (injure) in the crash． ②The injured (injure) in the earthquake have received timely treatment in the hospital. ③Some people got injured (injure) because of being squeezed. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④在一场足球赛中我的左脚受了伤，所以现在不能游览云南。 I have had my left foot injured in a football match so I can’t go visiting Yunnan now. [语境串记] An injured man was taken to the hospital，where the doctors found he suffered severe injuries to the head and arms and they wondered who had injured him. 一个受伤的人被送往医院，医生发现他头部和手臂受伤严重，很奇怪是谁打伤了他。 reaction n．反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应 (教材原句)Her students’ reaction was quick and correct—they moved under their desks，head first，and held on to the legs of the desks. 她的学生们反应迅速、正确——他们头朝里，爬到课桌下面，并紧紧抓住桌腿。 (1) in reaction to sth.　 对某事作出回应 reaction to sb./sth. 对……的反应 (2) react vi. 回应，(对……)做出反应； (对食物等)有不良反应，过敏；起化学反应 react to sth. (by doing sth.) (通过做……)对……作出反应 react against ... 反对……，反抗…… react with sth. 与……发生化学反应 学生用书第39页 [佳句背诵]　This produced a chain reaction，which made it possible for life to develop. 这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命就有可能开始发展了。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust. ②People can react badly to certain food additives. ③She strongly objected to my mother’s marriage. Surprisingly，my mother’s reaction (react) to it was rather calm. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④一位发言人说，这些变动不是针对公司最近的损失而作出的反应。 A spokesman said the changes were not in reaction to the company’s recent losses. [语境串记] I wanted to know how the students reacted to my words as well as your reaction. 我想了解学生对我的话如何反应，以及你的反应。 signal vi.& vt.发信号，示意；标志n.信号，暗号；标志；信号灯 (教材原句)She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands. 她示意学生们抱着头，排好队，有序离开教室。 (1)signal (to) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事 signal (sb.)that... 示意(某人)…… (2) a danger/warning signal 危险/警告信号 traffic signals 交通信号灯 [佳句背诵]　An afternoon nap (午睡) is one of the joys of life，although too much napping could signal all is not well. 午后小憩可谓人生的一大乐趣，但瞌睡过多可能表明瞌睡者身体有恙。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①The guard seems to be signaling to us with his arm. ②The woman signaled (signal) to the cars behind to stop immediately，but they didn’t notice her. ③Tom turned left at the traffic signals (signal). ④Standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive. ◎能力提升——微写作 ⑤为了不被听到，她用手指示意楼上有人在走动。 In order not to be heard，she pointed her finger upwards to signal that someone was moving about upstairs． confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准 (教材原句) After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound，they relaxed，laughing，crying and hugging each other. 点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们才放松下来，笑着，哭着，互相拥抱着。　 (1) It is/has been confirmed that ... 已证实…… confirm one’s belief/determination 坚定某人的信念/决心 confirm sb. in sth. 使某人确信某事 (2) confirmation n. 证实；确认书，证明书 学生用书第40页 [佳句背诵]　It has confirmed me in my decision not to give up my studies. 这使我更加坚定了不要放弃学习的决心。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①So far it has been confirmed (confirm)that he wasn’t the person who stole your bike. ②Mr. Roberts，may I have your telephone number to confirm (confirm)the appointment tomorrow evening? ③This latest information confirms me in the belief that he is to blame. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④当被问及时，她确定未经允许学生不应该接近湖边。 When asked，she confirmed that students shouldn’t approach the lake without permission. occur vi.发生，出现；存在于 (教材原句)It immediately occurred to her that these were signs of an approaching tsunami. 她立刻意识到这是海啸来临的征兆。 (1) sth. occurs to sb.　　 (主意或想法等)浮现于某人脑海中 It occurs/occurred to sb. that ... 某人突然想到…… It struck/hit sb. that... 某人突然想到 (2) occurrence n. 发生，出现；发生的事，事件 [佳句背诵]　It occurred to me that I could have the book sent to me. 我想到可以让人把书寄给我。 [名师点津] occur没有被动语态，不用于进行时。occur作谓语时，主语不能是人。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①An excellent idea occurred (occur)to me when I woke up this morning. ②It didn’t occur to her to ask (ask)for help. ③It didn’t occur to him that she would refuse his invitation. ◎能力提升——一句多译 他忽然想起他把钥匙忘在办公室里了。 ④It occurred to him that he had left his keys in the office. (occur) ⑤It hit him that he had left his keys in the office. (hit) relief n．宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济 (教材原句)To her great relief，the officer immediately realized the coming danger. 令她极为欣慰的是，这名官员立即意识到了即将到来的危险。 (1)in/with relief　　　　 欣慰地，放心地 to one’s (great) relief 令某人(深感)欣慰的是 it is a relief to do sth. 做某事是件让人欣慰/轻松的事 relief from/of ... ……的减轻/消除 (2) relieve vt.　　　　　 减轻，缓和；解除(职务) relieve one’s pain/pressure 减轻、缓和某人的痛苦/压力 relieve sb. of sth. 减轻某人的负担；解除某人的职务 (3)relieved adj. 感到欣慰的 [佳句背诵]　It was a relief to be able to talk to someone about it. 能和别人谈谈这件事，感到舒心多了。 学生用书第41页 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①It is a great relief to have rain after a long time of drought. ②The doctor’s treatment gave no relief (relieve)to the patient. ③You may ask your daughter to relieve you of some housework. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④令我们欣慰的是，失踪的孩子十天后回到家里，疲倦但很健康。 To our relief，the missing child returned home ten days later，tired but healthy. [语境串记] What a relief! The new secretary relieved us of some of the paperwork，so I breathed a sigh of relief. Much to my relief，I was relieved of work stress.真放松啊！新来的秘书减轻了我们的文案工作，所以我松了一口气。令我非常放松的是，我的工作压力卸掉了。 inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知 (教材原句)Remember to inform yourself of what is going on.记得要让自己对正在发生的事了然于心。 (1) inform sb. of/about sth. 通知某人某事 inform sb. that/wh­从句 通知某人…… inform oneself of/about sth. 使某人了解/熟悉某事 (2) informed adj. 了解情况的；见多识广的 keep sb. informed of ... 使某人了解某事 (3) information n. 信息，消息；情报 [佳句背诵]　I have been reliably informed that the couple will marry next year. 我得到可靠消息说他们俩明年结婚。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Thank you for keeping me informed (inform)of everything that’s happening. ②The man often surfs the Internet to search for some information (inform). ③Did anyone inform you about/of the change of the plan? ◎能力提升——微写作 ④他们将把自己所取得的任何进展都告诉他。 They would inform him of/about any progress they had made. 重点句型解构 be doing... when... 句型 (教材原句)Alice Brown，head teacher at Falmont Primary School，was teaching when the floor began to shake.弗尔蒙特小学校长艾丽斯·布朗当时正在授课，突然地面开始晃动。 句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。 when表示“这时突然”之意，还用于以下三种句型： (1)be about to do... when... 正要做……突然…… (2)be on the point of doing... when... 正要做……突然…… (3)had (just) done... when... 刚做完……这时突然…… [佳句背诵]　I was walking along the street when I heard my name called. 我正在街上散步，突然听到有人喊我的名字。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Amateur astronomer David Bates was looking (look) at the moon through his telescope last night when he got a big surprise. ②I was driving down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road. 学生用书第42页 ③He had walked (walk) for just a mile when a volunteer searcher found him. ◎能力提升——一句多译 我正要放弃的时候，老师的表扬给了我回答问题的勇气。 ④I was about to give up when the teacher’s praise gave me the courage to answer the question. ⑤I was on the point of giving up when the teacher’s praise gave me the courage to answer the question. in case引导状语从句 (教材原句)At the same time，Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door，in case it became damaged during the shaking and could not open. 与此同时，布朗女士立刻打开教室门，以防门在震动中损坏打不开。 (1)in case (of)　　　　 假使；如果，万一 (2)in this/that case 如果是这样/那样的话 (3)in any case 无论如何，总之 (4)in no case 决不(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装) (5)as is often the case 这是常有的事 [佳句背诵]　I set an alarm to remind me of the time in case I was late for the appointment. 我设置了闹钟提醒自己时间，以防约会迟到。 ◎基础练透——单句语法填空 ①Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move in case she injured her neck. ②In that case，eat before the flight，or an empty stomach will prevent you from sleeping. ③There is no simple answer，as is often the case in science. ◎能力提升——微写作 ④无论如何我们都不能违背自然规律，否则我们将遭受无尽的痛苦。 In no case can we go against the law of nature，or we’ll meet endless suffering. 维度一　单词拼写 1．A procedure (程序) is a way of doing something，especially the usual or correct way. 2．The organizers guided them in an orderly (整齐的)fashion out of the building. 3．When I was a little kid I rolled (滚动) down a hill and broke my leg. 4．I often do stair (楼梯)climbing with my friends. 维度二　单句语法填空 1．A number of bombs have exploded，seriously injuring (injure)at least five people. 2．We are kept informed (inform)of what is happening in the world by reading newspapers and watching TV. 3．To my great relief，they arrived home on time. 4．It occurred (occur)to me that I could buy my mother a new coat on her birthday. 维度三　完成句子 1．约翰逊先生坚持要求在会议上讨论这个问题。 Mr. Johnson insisted that the problem (should)be discussed at the meeting. 2．他从欧洲一回来，就开始了工作。 The moment he returned from Europe，he set out to work. 3．令人高兴的是，所有人都安然无恙地回来了。 Happily，all have returned safe and sound. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$